新编英语教程第五册Unit 3
新编英语教程5课文翻译(unit3)
当我开始阐述自己的见解时，他叫我把方程式写在黑板上，这样他就能明白它们是怎么展开。
接着他提出了一个令人惊鄂但又非常可爱的请求：“请你漫漫地写，我理解东西不快。
”这种话竟出自爱因斯坦之口！他说得很温和，我笑了。
从此残留的畏惧之情都烟消云散了。
爱因斯坦于1879年出生在德国的乌尔姆市。
他并非神童式的人物。
事实上他说话很晚，他的父母甚至担心他是弱、智儿。
上学后,虽然老师们看不出他有什么天分，但天才的迹象已经显露。
例如，他自学微积分，老师们有些怕他，因为他总问些他们回答不出的问题。
因此，十六岁时他就问自己是否当人跟着光波跑得一样快的时候它会好像是静止的。
由这一天真的问题的引发，十年之后他创立了相对论。
爱因斯坦没有通过苏黎士瑞士联邦工艺学校的入学考试，但在一年后被录取了。
在那，他除了完成规定的学业外，还自修了物理学的经典著作。
他申请教学职位没有通过，终于在1902年在伯尔尼找了一个专利督察员的差使，三年后，他的天才结出了累累硕果。
在令人难忘的1905年，他创造了很多非同寻常的东西，其中就有相对论极其著名的衍生公式，E≒mc （能量等于质量乘以光速的平方），以及有关光的量子论。
这两个理论不仅具有革命性，而且表面上看来是相互对立的：前者与光波论联系紧密，后者则表示光似乎由粒子构成。
但这个不为人知的年轻人大胆地将这两个理论同时抛出----- 而且他的这两个理论都是正确的，至于他为何是正确的，其中的缘由过于复杂，此处就不多说了。
与爱因斯坦一同工作是令人无法忘怀的经历。
1937年，我和波兰物理学家利奥波德.因费尔德问他能否与他一起工作。
他听到这个提议很高兴，因为他有个关于地心引力的想法有待进一步深入探讨。
这样我们不仅了解了作为朋友的爱因斯坦，也了解了作为专家的他。
他专心致志的强度和深度简直令人难以置信。
着手解决一个棘手问题时，他会像动物追咬猎物一样坚持不懈。
当我们的工作遇到似乎难以逾越的障碍时，他会站起身，把笔放到桌子上，用他腔调奇特的英语说着“我要显一显”（他发不准“想”这个音）。
李观仪《新编英语教程》第5册 UNIT3
3. Ludwig van Beethoven (1770 – 1827), German composer, was one of music‟s greatest geniuses. His works have a rare originality, emotional depth, and expressive power. He was known for his nine symphonies, piano concertos and sonatas, and string quartets. Most of Beethoven‟s compositions were written in the classical forms established by his predecessors Mozart and Haydn, so he is sometimes considered the last great composer in the classical tradition. But he also remoulded and expanded the old forms and infused them with highly personal intensity of emotion, so he is also referred to as the first of the Romantics.
5. The Nazis Nazism is a political doctrine of racial supremacy, nationalism, and dictatorship. Nazi is an abbreviated form of the German words for National Socialism. It was Adolf Hitler, a member of national Socialist German Workers‟ Party, who developed the programme for Nazism in his book Mein Kampf (1925 – 1927 My Battle). He defined the Germanic peoples as race, called Aryans, superior to other races. He blamed Germany‟s troubles on Jewish capitalism, communism, and the heavy reparation payments Germany was required to make to the victorious Allies by the Treaty of Versailles (June 28, 1919) that ended the First World Warard Nobel (1833 – 1896), a distinguished Swedish chemist and industrialist, provided for the award of the Nobel prizes. He experimented with different kinds of explosives such as nitroglycerin and dynamite, both deadly explosives. However, he was a pacifist and he feared that his inventions might further warfare. In his will he left about $9,000,000,00 in a fund to reward those who did most for their fellow men in science, literature, and peace. In his will, he specified that the interest accrued by the fund “be annually distributed in the form of prizes to those who during the preceding year, shall have conferred the greatest benefit on mankind” in the field of physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace, regardless of nationality.
新编英语教程(第三版)第5册 Unit 1
Paragraph 1
E.g. He slammed the door and drove the bolt home. 他砰地关上门，把门闩插好。 drive one’s point home 讲清楚自己的观
点
a voice that drives home each word 字
字清晰的说话声
II. Organization of the Text
II. Presentation of evidence (Paragraphs 4-10) 1. Semantic differences between words having the same root (Paragraphs 4-7) 2. Wrong choice of words caused by failure to recognize their connotations (Paragraph 8)
Paragraph 1
To drive home his policy, the president wrote his second letter.总统为了阐明自己
的政策，又写了第二封信。
You must drive it home to John that we don’t have enough money. 你必须使约
II. Organization of the Text
3. Stylistic differences between synonyms (Paragraph 9) 4. The abundance of specific words in English for general notions (Paragraph 10)
综合英语教程(第三版)5电子教案unit3part1
that had crawled all the way up from Miramar and lay in wait for us somewhere in a deep pool of the arroyo – a monster no less real because he lived only in our imagination. 4 When the older boys of the village came to the pond on Sunday afternoons we watched them swim and dive. From a high branch of the big nogal they dropped a swing made of bush vines we called liana, braided like the women of the pueblo3 did their hair. The boy who was to dive next waited up in the nogal.
Comprehension questions
1. In what way is the village Jalcocotan an easy place for cபைடு நூலகம்ildren to live?
2. What are the examples of children’s easy and carefree lives?
EDUCATION
POSITION Report
Advanced English 5
新编英语教程5,unit3知识点
Teaching Points For Reference1. convey: make known (ideas, views, feelings, etc.) to another person.Convey also means “carry something (from one place to another)”.A conveyor belt（传送带）is a mechanical contrivance for carrying heavy articles of goods from one place to another.2. simplicity: the state of being simple 简单；简朴；纯朴；真诚；坦率3. catch: attack; entrap4. would be none the worse for its wetting: would not be harmed by its being wetnone the worse for: not harmed by; not adversely affected by 并不更差；依然如故5. knack: a special skill or ability, usually the result of practice6. carte blanche: (French) (plural: cartes blanches) full freedom, especially in politics and in spending money 签好字的空白纸；全权，自由处理权7. plead with: ask (someone) very strongly in a begging way 恳求；请求8. be in awe of: also stand in awe of, have respect as well as fear and reverence for 敬畏（某人）awe n.: the feeling of respect and amazement when one is faced with something wonderful, frightening, or completely unknownawe v.: cause a feeling of amazement or fearawed adj.: overwhelmed by respect and fear 敬畏的in tones of awed amazement: with voice qualities that showed amazement as well as respect and fear 用敬畏惊讶的语气9. approach: to speak to, especially about something for the first time 找…商量，同…接洽，同…联系10. inflection: a movement up or down of the voice; intonationglance awry 斜视go (run, tread) awry （人）背离正道，走向邪路11. set somebody at ease: also put somebody at (his) ease, to free someone from worry ornervousness 使…不拘束，使…自在12. stagger v.: cause shocked disbelief 使…吃惊13. endearing adj.: causing feelings of love and affection 使人喜爱的；引人爱慕的endearing qualities 使人喜爱的品质endearing tones 充满柔情的声调14. vestige: a trace of something that is disappearing or no longer exists15. run abreast of: also run abreast with, to run side by side withkeep / be abreast of: to know all the time the most recent facts about something non-material 使不落后于16. offshoot: a new stem or branch of a plant; (figuratively) a thing that is developed fromsomething else 萌蘖枝条；枝族，旁系；衍生事物17. recalcitrant: often used to describe a person or an 拒不服从的；倔强对抗的；难处理的，难对付的；（疾病等）难治的a recalcitrant boy 犟男孩recalcitrant behavior 桀骜不驯的行为a subject recalcitrant both to observation and to experiment 既难研察又难验证的课题18. twirl: to cause to curl 捻弄；卷曲；扭转twirl one’s moustache 拈胡子19. furrow: make deep lines or folds in the skin of the face, especially the forehead20. placid: calm; peaceful 宁静的；平静的；平和的；温和的21. fathom: come to understand; get the true meaning offathom somebody’s moti ves (mystery) 弄清某人的动机(秘密)a man hard to fathom 难以捉摸的人I can’t fathom what you mean. 我不能完全猜透你的意思。
(完整版)新编英语教程5册Unit1的答案
ComprehensionI. Judge which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the article.A. To be able to use the right word is an important component of one’s mastery of the English language.B. To facilitate one’s own process of cognition and one’s communication with others, one must be able to choose the right word from the extensive vocabulary of the English language.C. It is more important to know exactly the meaning and use of a relatively small number of words than to know vaguely a larger number.II. Determine which is the best choice for each of the following questions.1. “Clean English” in the first paragraph means .A. English of a dignified styleB. English free from swear wordsC. English which is precise and clear2.The word “realization” in the sentence “Choosing words is part of the process of realization…” means .A. articulating soundsB. fulfilling one’s goalsC. becoming aware of what one thinks and feels3. The example given in para. 3 of a man searching for the right word for his feelings about his friend illustrates the function words perform in .A. defining out thoughts and feelings for ourselvesB. defining our thoughts and feelings for those who hear usC. both A and B4. The word “cleanly” in the last sentence means .A. squarelyB. clearlyC. neatly5.The examples of the untranslatability of some words given in para. 11 best illustrate which sentence of the paragraph?A. The first sentence.B. The second sentence.C. The third sentence.III. Answer the following questions.1. Which sentence in the first paragraph establishes the link between the driving of a nail and the choice of a word?2. What does the word “this” in sent ence 1, para. 2, refer to?3. Do you agree with the author that there is a great deal of truth in the seemingly stupid question “How can I know what I think till I see what I say”?Why or why not?4. Explain why the word “imprison” in the example given in para. 9, though not a malapropism, is still not the right word for the writer’s purpose.5. What is the difference between “human” and “humane”? And the difference between “human action” and “humane action”, and also that between “human killer” and “humane killer”?6. What does the word “alive” in the sentence “a student needs to be alive to these differences” (para. 9) mean?7. Why is it difficult and sometimes even impossible to translate a word from one language into another as illustrated in para. 11? Supply some such examples with English and Chinese.8. The writer begins his article with an analogy between the unskilled use of the hammer and the improper choice of words. Identify the places where the analogy is referred to in the rest of the article.Language WorkI. Read the following list of words and consider carefully the meaning of each word. Then complete each of the sentences below using the correct form of an appropriate word from the list.Creep Loiter March Meander Pace Patrol Plod Prowl Ramble Roam SaunterShuffle Stagger Stalk Step Stride Strut Stroll Toddle Tramp Tread Trudge Walk1. After the maths examination Fred, feeling exhausted, across the campus.2. The soldiers reached their camp after 15 miles through the deep snow.3. It is pleasant to in the park in the evening.4. After the cross-country race Jack to the changing room.5. Last night when he sleepily to the ringing telephone, he accidentally bumped into the wardrobe.6. We saw him towards the station a few minutes before the train’s departure.7. The old couple through the park, looking for a secluded bench to sit on and rest.8. The newly-appointed general about the room like a latter-day Napoleon.9. Peter whistled happily as he along the beach.10. These old people liked to about the antique ruins in search of a shady picnic spot.11. Many tourists about the mall, windowshopping.12. We were fascinated by the view outside the room----a beautiful verdant meadow and brooks through it.13. Mary used to about the hills and pick wild flowers for her mother.14. Eager to see the pony in the stable, the children down the staircase, their hearts pounding violently.15. The lion had the jungle for a long time before it caught sight of a hare.16. My brother began to when he was ten months old.17. The farmers often let their horses freely in the meadow so that they could eat their fill of grass.18. The patrols were along through the undergrowth when the bomb exploded.19. The thugs were reported to be the streets for women workers who were on their way home after the afternoon shift.20. The first-year students not only learned how to , they were also taught how to take aim and shoot when they had military training.21. Sometimes Tom, our reporter, would up and down the study, deep in thought.22. When he was Third Street, Fred found the little match girl lying dead at the street corner.23. Secretaries hated seeing their new manager in and out of theoffice without even casting a glance at them.24. Mother asked us to lightly so as not to wake Granny.25. The refugees for miles and miles all day hunting for a place to work.26. When the pop singer out of the car, his fans ran to him, eager to get his autograph.27. The laborers on their way home after working in the plantation the whole day.28.The lion was feeling pretty good as he (A) through the jungle. Seeing a tiger, the lion stopped it.“Who is the King of the jungle?” the lion demanded.“You, O lion, are the King of the jungle,” replied the tiger.Satisfied, the lion (B) on, until he came across a large, ferocious-looking leopard.“Who is the King of the jungle?” asked the lion, and the leopard bowed in awe. “You, mighty lion, you are the King of the jungle,” it said humbly and (C) off.Feeling on top of the world, the lion proudly (D) up to a huge elephant an d asked the same question. “Who is the King of the jungle?”Without answering, the elephant picked up the lion, swirled him round in the air, smashed him to the ground and jumped on him.“Look,” said the lion, “there’s no need to get mad just because you didn’t know the answer.”II. Make a list of more specific words for each of the following general terms. For example, for WALK, you could list stride, stroll, saunter, plod, toddle and so on. Give sentences to illustrate how the words may be used.1. SAY2. SEE3. BEVERAGE4. EXCITEMENT5. DELIGHT6. SKILFULIII. In the following sentences three alternatives are given in parentheses for the italicized words. Select the one which you think is most suitable in the context.1. A clumsy (heavy, stupid, unskillful) workman is likely to find fault with his tools.2. As John was a deft (skillful, clever, ready) mechanic, he was hired by the joint-venture in no time.3. The writer made a point of avoiding using loose(vague, unbound, disengaged) terminology in his science fiction.4. We didn’t appreciate his subtle(delicate, tricky, profound) scheme to make money at the expense of the customers.5. Annie Oakley became famous as one of the world’s most precise (accurate, scrupulous, rigid) sharpshooters.6. The government in that newly-independent country has decided to make ashift (alteration, turn, transference) in its foreign policies.7. Misunderstanding arose on account of the vague(undetermined, confused, ambiguous) instructions on the part of the manager.8. If soldiers do not pay scrupulous (exact, vigilant, conscientious) attention to orders they will not defeat the enemy.9. In some areas, the virgin forest has been cut through ignorance (blindness, want of knowledge, darkness) of the value of trees.10. Since many pure metals have such disadvantages (harm, unfavourableness, drawbacks) as being too soft and being liable to rust too easily, they have little use.11. My colleague, Mr. Hill, has a small but well-chosen library, where it is said he spends most of his spare time cultivating(nourishing, tilling, developing) his mind.12. If you think photography is my hobby, your belief is quite mistaken (fraudulent, erroneous, deceitful).13. What appears to the laymen as unimportant (minute, trivial, diminutive) and unrelated facts is often precious to the archaeologist.14. The lounge has a seating capacity of 30 people but it is too dark (dim, dingy, gloomy) to read there.15. These career-oriented women are used to flexible (adaptable, willowy, docile) working hours in the office.16. Only experts with a professional eye can tell the fine(fair, pleasant,subtle) distinction between the two gems.17. The goose quill pen has a great sentimental (tender, emotional, soft) appeal to Emily as it was a gift from her best friend.18. Being thoughtful of and enthusiastic towards others is the essence (gist, kernel, quintessence) of politeness.19. When Iraq destroyed some of its nuclear and chemical weapons, it acted under coercion (repression, concession, compulsion).20. My uncle’s oft-repeated anecdotes of his adventures in Africa were fascinating (catching, pleasing, absorbing ) to listen to.IV. Give one generic term that covers each of the following groups of words.1. artificer, turner, joiner, carpenter, weaver, binder, potter, paper-cutter2. volume, brochure, pamphlet, treatise, handbook, manual, textbook, booklet3. painter, sculptor, carver, poet, novelist, musician, sketcher4. grin, smirk, beam, simper5. donation, subscription, alms, grant, endowment6. bandit, poacher, swindler, fraud, embezzler, imposter, smuggler7. nibble, munch, devour, gulp8. drowse, doze, slumber, hibernate, coma, rest, nap9. manufacture, construct, weave, compose, compile10. ancient, antique, old-fashioned, obsolete, archaic11. slap, tap, pat, thump, whack12. alight, descend, dismount, disembarkV. Fill in each blank with an appropriate word.In discussing the relative difficulties of analysis which the exact and inexact sciences face, let me begin with an analogy. Would you agree that swimmers are (1) skilful athletes than runners (2) swimmers do not move as fast as runners? You probably would (3) . You would quickly point out (4) water offers greater (5) to swimmers than the air and ground do to (6) Agreed, that is just the point. In seeking to (7) their problems, the social scientists encounter (8) resistance than the physical scientists. By (9) I do not mean to belittle the great accomplishments of physical scientists who have been able, for example, to determine the structure of the atom (10) seeing it. That is a tremendous (11) yet (12) many ways it is not so difficult as what the social scientists are expected to (13) . The conditions under which the social scientists must work would drive a (14) scientist frantic. Here are five of (15) conditions. He can perform (16) experiments; he cannot measure the results accurately; he (17) control the conditions surrounding (18) experiments; he is of the expected to get quick results(19) slow-acting economic forces; and he must work with people,(20) with inanimate objects…VI. Following Warner’s model of establishing an analogy between two dissimilar things, write a passage, discussing the learning of a foreign language. You are supposed to use an analogy to help you explain. For instance, you may compare the learning of a foreign language to that of swimming, bike-riding, etc.UNIT 1 TEXT 1Exercises KeysComprehension:I. B ;II. 1.C 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.C ;III. 1. “So with language; …firmly and exactly.”2. Getting the word that is completely right for the writer’s purpose.3. Yes, I do. It sounds irrational that a person does not know what he himself thinks before he sees what he says. But as a matter of fact, it is quite true that unless we have found the exact words to verbalize our own thoughts we can never be very sure of what our thoughts are; without words, our thoughts cannot be defined or stated in a clear and precise manner.4. “Malapropism” means the unintentional misuse of a word by confusing it with one that resembles it, such as human for humane, singularity for singleness. But the misuse of “imprison” is a different case. It is wronglychosen because the user has failed to recognize its connotation.5. human=of, characterizing, or relating to manhumane=characterized by kindness, mercy, sympathyThus: human action=action taken by man; humane action=merciful action; human killer=person that kills humans ; humane killer=that which kills but causes little pain6. sensitive, alert7. Those are words denoting notions which are existent only in specific culture, not universally shared by all cultures. English words difficult to be turned into Chinese: privacy, party, lobby (v.), etc. Chinese words difficult to be turned into English: 吹风会，粽子，五保户，etc.8. “We don’t have to look far afield to find evidence of bad carpentry.”“It is perhaps easier to be a good craftsman with wood and nails than a good craftsman with word s.”“A good carpenter is not distinguished by the number of his tools, but by the craftsmanship with which he uses them. So a good writer is not measured by the extent of his vocabulary, but by his skill in finding the ‘mot juste’, the word that will hit t he nail cleanly on the head.”Language Work:I. 1. shuffled/trudged 2. trudging 3. stroll 4. staggered 5. staggered 6. striding 7. strolled 8. strutted 9. sauntered/strolled 10. ramble/roam 11.loitered 12. meandering 13. roam 14. crept 15. prowled 16. toddle 17. roam 18. creeping 19. prowling 20. march 21. pace 22. patrolling 23. stalking 24. tread 25. tramped 26. stepped 27. plodded 28. A. prowled/strutted B. strolled/sauntered C. walked/crept D. marched/struttedII.1.SAY: speak, tell, declare, pronounce, express, state, argue, affirm, mention, allege, recite, repeat, rehearse2. SEE: behold, look at, glimpse, glance at, view, survey, contemplate, perceive, notice, observe, discern, distinguish, remark, comprehend, understand, know3. BEVERAGE: liquor, wine, beer, tea, coffee, milk drink, soft drink4. EXCITEMENT: agitation, perturbation, commotion, disturbance, tension, bustle, stir, flutter, sensation5. DELIGHT: joy, gladness, satisfaction, charm, rapture, ecstasy, pleasure, gratification6. SKILFUL: apt, ingenious, handy, ready, quick, smart, expert, capable, able, gifted, talented, dexterous, cleverIII. 1. clumsy----unskillful 2. deft----skillful 3. loose----vague 4. subtle----tricky 5. precise----accurate 6. shift----alteration 7. vague----ambiguous8. scrupulous----conscientious 9. ignorance----want of knowledge 10. disadvantages----drawbacks 11. cultivation----developing 12.mistaken----erroneous 13. unimportant----trivial 14. dark----dim 15. flexible----adaptable 16. fine----subtle 17. sentimental----emotional 18. essence----quintessence 19. coercion----compulsion 20. fascinating----absorbingIV. 1. craftsman 2. book/publication 3. artist 4. smile 5. contribution 6. law-breaker 7. eat 8. sleep 9. make 10. old 11. hit 12. get offV. 1. less 2. because/since/as 3. not 4. that 5. resistance 6. runners 7. solve 8. greater/more 9. that 10. without 11. achievement/feat 12. in 13. do 14. physical 15. those 16. few 17. cannot 18. the 19. with 20. not。
新编英语教程5(词汇Unit1-10)
Unit One Hit the Nail on the Head1. drive sth home: force (the nail) into the right place; make sth unmistakably clear.2. scrupulous: painstaking, meticulous3. far afield: very far away4. rife:1) widespread, common 2)full of5. leader: British English for newspaper editorial6. coercion: pressure, compulsion7. epitomize: be typical of; serve as the typical example of8. disprove: prove to be contrary; refute9. expire: die, pass away; come to an end10. indigent: poverty-stricken, pennilessUnit Two Beware the dirty seas1. sluice: (v.) to pour as if from a sluice(水闸)，i.e., a man-made passage for water fitted with a gate for stopping and regulating the flow; (n.) a channel controlling water flow2. nurture: further the development of; care for3. evolve: develop gradually (by a long continuous process)4. endemic: (of a disease) found regularly in a particular place5. litany: repetition. The literal meaning of “litany” is “a prayer consisting of a series of invocations and supplications by the leader with responses by the congregation”.6. flush: pour; flood with water to clean out (See dictionary)7. lurk: exist unseen8. effluent: liquid wastes, such as chemicals or sewage that flows out from a factory or some other places into a river or the sea9. plankton: very small forms of plant and animal life that live in a body off water 浮游生物10. slime: unpleasant sticky substance, such as the thick sticky liquid on the skin of various fishUnit Three My Friend, Albert Einstein1. knack: a clever way of doing things2. be in awe of: have respect as well as fear and reverence for3. staggering: unexpectedly surprising; astounding4. vestiges: traces5. ultimately: finally; after a long series of time6. recalcitrant: hard to deal with; unmanageable7. worry: assail a problem again and again until it is solved, just like a dog biting some small animals repeatedly, shaking it or pulling it with the teeth8. surcease: (archaic) cessation, pause9. plausible: seeming to be reasonable10. a house of cards: an insecure scheme11. ineffable: unutterable; incapable of being expressed in words12. elusively whimsical: indescribably quaint or strange 捉摸不透的，古怪Unit Four The Invisible Poor1. perennial: lasting forever or for a long time2. rutted roads: roads with deep, narrow marks made by the wheels of vehicles3. be exempt from: be freed from a duty. service, payment, etc.4. tenement: a large building, especially one in the poor part of a city, which is divided into small flats which are rented cheaply5. affluent: wealthy, prosperous6. compound v.: /kom'paund/ make worse by adding (something) to . . . (often used in the passive)7. existential: relating to human experience (a formal-word)8. lurid: sensational, shocking9. dispossessed: people who have lost all their possessions10. cynical: doubtful as to whether something will happen or whether it is worthwhile11. involvement: connection12. old rhetoric of reform: writings about reform in the past that sounded fine and important, but were really insincere and meaninglessUnit Five The Plug—in Drug:TV and the American Family,PartⅠ1. afflict: trouble2. asset: valuable object; advantage3. preposterous: unthinkable, absurd4. splintering: splitting, breaking up5. the peer group: a group of people of the same age, class, position. etc. here, group of children of the same age6. television-oriented: interested in and influenced by TV7. equivocal: ambiguous8. sorcerer: person who performs magic by using the power of evil spirits9. stint: fixed amount of work: here, the fixed TV programme10. conjure up: bring into the mind11. sane: (in this context) in possession of good relations/of a close bond12. backlog: a reserveUnit Six Preparing for College1. driving motive: the incentive / encouragement that urges them on;2. the rudiments: the basics, the fundamentals (The word rudiments is always in the plural form when used in this sense.)3. metaphysics: the branch of philosophy that deals with abstract concepts, etc. 形而上学，玄学，纯粹哲学4. conscious culture: the culture (i.e. customs, arts, etc,) that is directly perceptible or known to us5. fanatic: one who is very enthusiastic about a particular activity6. personify: express or represent ( a quality in human form)7. sedentary: inactive; done while sitting down8. underline: indicate the importance of9. balked: baffled; frustrated10. a maddening lot: a wild, uncontrollable group11. righteous sects: morally justifiable groups of people whose religious beliefs are considered different form those of a larger group12. relish: 味,味道,兴趣;开胃小菜;great enjoymentUnit Seven Grouping the Gifted:Pro1. innate: belonging to an individual from birth2. pursuit: an activity that one engages in as a profession, vocation, or avocation3. athlete: person who practises athletics; competitor or skilled performer in physical exercises4. heterogeneously: in such a way that members are very different from one another5. criterion /--ia: standard on which a decision may be based6. snob: one who has an offensive air of superiority (here, in matters of knowledge)7. elite: a socially superior group8. instill: put (ideas, etc. ) gradually but firmly into someone's mind by continuous effort9. spark: encourage; stimulate into greater activity10. latent: present and capable of becoming though not now visible or active11. skyrocket: rise or increase rapidly12. pay dividends: produce an advantage. especially as a result of an earlier action (dividend: that part of the money made by a business which is divided among those who own shares in the business 红利)Unit Eight Why Nothing Works1. savant: a man of learning, especially a person with detailed knowledge in some specialized field2. corollary: an immediate inference from a proved proposition3. forestall: defeat, prevent by prior measures4. commitment: a pledge to follow certain beliefs or a certain course of action; devotion (to duty etc. )5. artifact: a usually small object (as a tool or an ornament) showing human workmanship that has special historical interest6. evoke: bring to mind7. projectile point: the tip of a weapon that is thrust forward; spear or arrowhead8. band: a group of people formed for some common purpose and often with a leader9. barter: trade by exchanging one commodity for another10. alienation: a withdrawing or separation of a person from an object or position of former attachment; a feeling of not belonging to or being part of one's surroundingsUnit Nine Where Is the News Leading Us?1. symposium: a conference in which experts or scholars discuss a certain subject2. scrutinize: examine very closely and carefully3. distortion: misrepresentation; a false or dishonest account4. eruptive: (in this context) sensational, shocking, disturbing5. collide with: crash violently into; run into (one another)6. ingredient: a component part of something7. inhibitor: one who holds back, prevents8. deplete: exhaust, use up, reduce9. cynicism: disbelief in the sincerity of human motives10. antidote: remedy, corrective; something that prevents or counteracts11. envision: picture mentally, imagine, visualize12. caricature: a picture ludicrously滑稽的exaggerating the peculiarities or defects of persons or thingsUnit Ten Things:The Throw—Away Society1. Humanoid: having human form or characteristics2. texture: the degree of roughness or smoothness, coarseness or fineness, of a substance or material, especially as felt by touch; visual and tactile qualities of a surface3. staggering: stunning, wondrous, breathtaking4. deride: laugh at contemptuously; to scoff at or mock5. transience: temporariness, impermanence; the quality or state of being temporary or impermanent6. at a rapid clip: (informal) at a fast pace7. inextricably embedded: so deeply involved that it is impossible to get free8. boutique: a small fashionable clothes shop9. sumptuous: expensive and grand10. train: a part of a long dress that spreads over the ground behind the wearer11. A-line dresses: dresses with a flared bottom and close-fitting top, having an "A" or tent-like shape12. supplant: take the place of; replace。
Unit 3 Lying全新版大学英语综合教程五教案
Unit 3 LyingObjectivesStudents will be able to:1.grasp the main idea and structure of the text;2.learn to use division, classification and definition in expository writing;3.master the key language points and usage;4.conduct a series of speaking, listening, reading and writing activities related to thetheme of the text.Time allotmentPre-reading task1.T asks the Ss the following questions:1) What does the speaker think of white lies?2) What is the best thing one can do when one is expected to comment on somethingthat is not so good?2.True or false1) T remarks to Ss: After listening to the recorded passage, would you doubt the truthof others praise? Let’s examine. Take out a piece of paper and write down ten praises of your partner. Some of them are true while others are white lies.2) Ss exchange what they have written down with their partner. The latter will markout whether the statements are true or false.3) Move to text A. Say: False praise is one type of white lies---social lies---mentionedin the text. We are going to find out how many other types there are, what the author think about them, and finally I will listen to your own opinion.While-reading task:1.Ss scan the text to see if there is any natural division in it. ( the blank space betweenparagraphs and four headings.)2.T explain the language points of para. 1.3.Ss sum up the main idea of the part.4.Ss skim the first paragraph under each of the four headings to find out definition ofsocial lies, peace-keeping lies, protective lies and trust-keeping lies.5.T explain the language points of each part and Ss practice them.6.Ss complete text analysis of Exx. 6.Post-reading task1.Group discussion: interview your partner’s opinion to this four type of lies.2.T guide the Ss to complete the after-text exercises.3.Write an essay according to the requirement of Theme-related Language LearningTask.Text A The truth about LyingI.Cultural BackgroundWatergate Scandal“Watergate” is a general term used to describe a compl ex web of political scandals between 1972 and 1974. The word specifically refers to the Watergate Hotel, one of the plushest hotels in Washington D.C."Watergate" has entered the political lexicon as a term synonymous with corruption and scandal. It was here that the Watergate Burglars broke into the Democratic Party's National Committee offices on June 17, 1972.The story of Watergate has an intriguing historical and political background, arising out of political events of the 1960s. But the chronology of the scandal really begins during 1972, when the burglars were arrested. By 1973, Richard Nixon had been re-elected President, but the storm clouds were building. By early 1974, the nation was consumed by Watergate. Nixon made three major speeches on the Watergate scandal during 1973 and 1974.Political investigations began in February 1973 when the Senate established a Committee to investigate the Watergate scandal. The Committee uncovered the existence of the secret White House tape recordings, sparking a major political and legal battle between the Congress and the President.In 1974, the House of Representatives authorized the Judiciary Committee to consider impeachment proceedings against Nixon. Nixon's last days in office came in late July and early August, 1974. The House Judiciary Committee voted to accept three of four proposed Articles of Impeachment of the President.The final blow came with the decision by the Supreme Court to order Nixon to release more White House tapes. Around the country, there were calls for Nixon to resign.At 9 pm on the evening of August 8, 1974, Nixon delivered a nationally televised resignation speech. The next morning, he made his final remarks to the White House staff before sending his resignation letter to the Secretary of State, Dr. Henry Kissinger.The Watergate brought down Richard Nixon, and had profound consequences in the United States.Nixon died in 1994 and was eulogized by the political establishment, although he was still a figure of controversy.Part Division of the text:Part one: The reason why the writer finds it difficult to write on the subject of lying and how she is going to deal with the difficulty in composing the essay.Part Two: The writer discusses four types of lies and tells us what she thinks about them respectively.Part Three: How the author feels we should cope with the question of whether or not to lie.Language Study1. intrigue--- Interest greatly; 有兴趣e.g. He’s always been intrigued by machinery. 他总是对机器很着迷。
综合英语教程(第三版)5电子教案unit3part2
5 The men who had worked on haciendas knew of these matters. We heard snatches of firsthand reports from them but mostly we learned from Don Catarino, Jose, Don Cleofas, and the muleteers who passed through Jalco. Whoever had been there came back cursing it. The riding boss was the Devil on horseback; in the company store every centavo you earned was taken back by a clerk who kept numbers in a book that proved you always owed him something. If a peon left the hacienda before his contract was over and his debts were paid, he became a fugitive. He either returned to his pueblo, his compadres and his milpa in some far-off place in the mountains, or he scratched for a living, lost in the forest.
Suggested points
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Comprehension questions
• When making a living on the mountains, the boys learned to work for themselves or for their families. When working on a hacienda they worked for someone else and were ruthlessly exploited.
新编英语教程5Unit 3
Paragraph 1
My Friend, Albert Einstein
convey–- make known (ideas, views, feelings, etc.) to another person. Examples:
Mary asked me to convey her gratitude to you. His recent book conveys to us his outlook on life.
paragraph 3
My Friend, Albert Einstein
awry: not in the correct position or shape; twisted; bent 曲的；歪的
paragraph 3
My Friend, Albert Einstein
set somebody at ease: also put somebody at (his) ease, to free someone from worry or nervousness
Calculus is a branch of advanced mathematics which deals with variable quantities.
paragraph 5
My Friend, Albert Einstein
run abreast of: also run abreast with, to run side by side with keep / be abreast of: to know all the time the most recent facts about something nonmaterial 使不落后于
新编英语教程5 Unit3
A Test Paper of Unit 3 Book VPART I VOCABULARY (10mins)Directions: Match each word in column A with the word or phrase in column B that is similar in meaning. Write the corresponding answer on the Answer Sheet. （10分）A. ConveyB.knackC.not harmed by; not adversely affected byD.recalcitrantE.offshootF.gropeG.quaintH.plausibleI.aweJ. do something on one’s ownK.tamper withL．endeavorM．pay tribute to1．( )to express what you are thinking or feeling without stating it directly 2．( )not harmed by; not adversely affected by3．( )a special skill or ability, usu. the result of practice4．( )a new stem or branch of a plant; an organization, system of beliefs 5．( )person or animal that is hard to keep under one’s control6．( )unusual and attractive, esp. in an old-fashioned way7．( )try to find something by feeling with the hands in a place where one cannot see properly.8．( )seeming to be reasonable or probable. The word is often usedderogatorily9．( )do something by oneself10．( )The feeling of respect and amazement when one is faced with sth. wonderful, frightening, or completely unknownPART II GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY (10mins)Directions: There are twenty-five sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence.（10分）1. Postal ____are determined by the class and weight of the parcel mailed.A. taxesB. paymentC. feesD. premium2. Beth could ____her coat because it had laagered buttons.A. recognizeB. proveC. defineD. claim3. My father is so deaf that he has to use a hearing ____A. helpB. aidC. supportD. tool4. On New Year’s Eve, there will be a firework ____ at People’s Square.A. displayB. performanceC. showD. exhibition5. The ____of beer and alcohol in New Zealand is very high.A .consumption B. use C. drink D. absorption6.According to the law which he later produced, everything in the universe attracts everything else towards _____.A. ItB. EverythingC. ItselfD. Each7.Each of the area managers enjoys considerable_____ in the running of his ownarea.A. AutonomyB. DignityC. MonopolyD. Stability8.There is an unquestionable link between job losses and _____ services.A. DescendingB. DecliningC. DeterioratingD. Depressing9.Thomas Edison,_____ , seemed to be awkward in his childhood.A.A great inventorB. Was a great inventorC.A great inventor whoD. Who, as a great inventor10.In these circumstances, it is the managers who come_____ best.A. OffB. OnC. RoundD. Down11.Neptune is about thirty times as far from the Sun _____.A. Is the EarthB. The Earth isC. Is as the EarthD. As is the Earth12.He’s already_____ several of the proposals in his economic planto accommodate demands of special interests.A. AlteredB. AlternatedC. SubstitutedD. Exchanged13.He has been _____by magistrates that he is under investigationfor corruption.A. CertifiedB. ClassifiedC. ClarifiedD. Notified14.Talking about that is useless, _____is familiar to me.A. Which factB. The fact of whichC. Is factD. That fact15.It would seem more _____to apply standards flexibly rather than rigidly.A. InsensitiveB. AllergicC. SensibleD. Infected16.If the supply of vitamins and minerals in the diet is_____, this will result in cha nges in body chemistry.A. InadequateB. IncapableC. IncompatibleD. Invalid17.Our country had made great efforts to promote the family-planning policy, but _____the birth rate is getting higher and higher.A. As it wereB. As it isC. As it wasD. As is it18.The average daily _____of fruit and vegetables is around 200 grams.A. DissipationB. ConsumptionC. DisposalD. Expenditure19.Two officers on patrol became _____ of two men in a car.A. GenerousB. SuspiciousC. AppreciativeD. Tolerant20.He caused a false account of the event _____ in the newspaper.A. Had publishedB. To be publishedC. Being publishedD. To have published .Part III、CLOZE (15mins)Directions: There are 15 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the one answer that best fits into the passage. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.(15分)Albert Einstein is known (1)_____the man of science of the 20th century. Most reminiscences of him focus on his genius and achievements. (2)____, Hoffmann takes a different perspective. This article, as the title suggests, aims to reveal some of the less well-known aspects of Einstein's personality, traits that characterize him more as a man (3)____ as a scientific genius.In Hoffmann’s opinion “simplicity” is the best word to (4)____ the essence of Einstein’s character. The abstract notion of simplicity is explained by a (5)____ in the first paragraph. Which is it?This knack for going (6)___ to the heart of a matter was the secret of his major scientific (7)_____--- this and his extraordinary feeling for beauty.We can see Einstein was a very(8)____ man though he was such a distinguished scientist. He was a very modest person, never thinking (9)____ any superior to or more authoritative than others (10)____ his fame and achievements as a great scientist of the time.1．A. for B. an C. as D. to2．A. and B. or C. however D. what3．A. than B. for C. to D. prefer4．A. describe B. say C. know D. cry5．A. phrase B. sentence C. passage D. number6．A. actively B. instinctively C. lonely D. quietly7．A. notes B. discoveries C. opinions D. articles8．A. modest B. angry C. hungry D. famous9．A. himself B. itself C. yourself D. myself10.A. because of B. and C. why D. ofPART IV、TRANSLATION (15mins)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English.Paraphrase the following.（10分）1. This knack for going instinctively to the heart of a matter was the secret of his major scientific discoveries -- this and his extraordinary feeling for beauty.__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________2. The intensity and depth of his concentration were fantastic. When battling arecalcitrant problem, he worried it as an animal worries its prey.__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________3. A dreamy, faraway and yet inward look would come over his face. There was noappearance of concentration, no furrowing of the brow--only a placid innercommunion.__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________4. Each of these assumptions, by itself, was so plausible as to seem primitively obvious. But together they were in such violent conflict that a lesser man would have dropped one or the other and fled in panic.__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________5. Einstein's work, performed quietly with pencil and paper, seemed remote from the turmoil of everyday life: But his ideas were so revolutionary they causedviolent controversy and irrational anger.__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ PART V.Translate the following sentences into English，using the words and phrases given in the bracket.（10分）1.他按了按汽车喇叭以引起路上行人的警觉。
新编英语教程5Unit 3
paragraph 4
vestige: a trace of something that is disappearing or no longer exists
E.g.: With the overthrow of the monarchy, all vestiges of feudalism are gone.
Examples： He visited the exhibition and stood in awe of the fossils
of prehistoric animals． The audience listened to the learned philosopher in
awe．
My Friend, Albert Einstein
My Friend, Albert Einstein
Paragraph 1
instinctively: intuitively，直觉地，本能 地
extraordinary：unusual
My Friend, Albert Einstein
Paragraph 1
In Hoffmann’s opinion “simplicity” is the best word to describe the essence of Einstein’s character. The abstract notion of simplicity is explained by a phrase in the first paragraph. Which is it? Knack for going instinctively to the heart of a matter.
新编英语教程5 Unit 3 My Friend Albert Einstein
Unit THREE: TEXT IWords and Expressions1)knack (l. 5) n. a clever way of doing something2)be in awe of (l. 13) have respect as well as fear and reverence for3)staggering (l. 20) adj. unexpectedly surprising; astoundinge.g. The external debts of that country are staggering. (大得惊人)stagger: vt. cause shocked disbliefe.g. He was staggered by the news that his parents were killed in that traffic accident.4)vestiges (l. 22) pl. n. tracese.g. With the overthrow of the monarchy, all vestiges of feudalism are gone.vestiges of an ancient civilization 古代文明的遗迹带否定词时用单数：without a vestige of clothing 一丝不挂No vestige of a change appeared. 没有一点改变。
5)ultimately (l. 33) adv. finally; after a long series of events6)recalcitrant (l. 47) adj. hard to deal with; unmanageableIt’s often used to describe a person or an animal that is hard to keep under one’s control.n. a recalcitrant person. 执拗的人，桀骜不驯的人，不顺从的人antonyms: docile/obedient7)worry (l. 47)vt.assail a problem again and again until it is solved, just like a dog biting some small animals repeatedly, shaking it or pulling at it with the teeth8)surcease (l. 66) n. (archaic) cessation, pause9)plausible (l. 81) adj. seeming to be reasonable10)a house of cards (l. 86) an insecure scheme n.纸牌做的房子, 不牢靠的计划11)ineffable (l. 109) adj. unutterable; incapable of being expressed in words 不可言表的It is used to describe something positive that is too wonderful to be described.e.g. ~ joy / happiness / delight / beauty12)elusively whimsical (l. 110) indescribably quaint or strange 捉摸不透的古怪13)convey (l. 1) vt. make known (ideas, views, feelings) to another personcollocation: ~ + meaning/feeling/essence/etc. in a worde.g. I can't convey my feelings in words.Mary asked me to convey her gratitude to you.Please convey to him my best wishes14)none the worse for (l. 5) not harmed by; not adversely affected bynone the + 比较级/none too/none so: 一点也不，决没有e.g. He got lost in the street for quite a while, but was none the worse for it.She did it none too well. 她做得一点儿也不好。
新编英语教程5(第三版李观仪)Unit1-8课文及译文参考
Unit 1 恰到好处Have you ever watched a clumsy man hammering a nail into a box? He hits it first to one side, then to another, perhaps knocking it over completely, so that in the end he only gets half of it into the wood. A skillful carpenter, on the other hand, will drive the nail with a few firm, deft blows, hitting it each time squarely on the head. So with language; the good craftsman will choose words that drive home his point firmly and exactly. A word that is more or less right, a loose phrase, an ambiguous expression, a vague adjective（模糊的形容词）, will not satisfy a writer who aims at clean English. He will try always to get the word that is completely right for his purpose.你见过一个笨手笨脚的男人往箱子上钉钉子吗？只见他左敲敲，右敲敲，说不准还会将整个钉子锤翻，结果敲来敲去到头来只敲进了半截。
而娴熟的木匠就不这么干。
他每敲一下都会坚实巧妙地正对着钉头落下去，一钉到底。
语言也是如此。
一位优秀的艺术家谴词造句上力求准确而有力地表达自己的观点。
新编英语教程-5-Unit-3-教案
Unit ThreeTEXT 1THE NIGHTMARE LIFE WITHOUT FUELIsaac AsimovObjectives: to identify the examples in each para. by telling the central idea of it.to work out Asimov’s way in arranging all his details.to tell orally and in written form the importance of energy resource: the functions, the nightmare life without it, and the measures to be taken to avoid such nightmare life.Section onePre-reading Questions (10 mins.)1. What are the fuels that can be used in our life?Some fuels are indispensable to city life: coal, gas, petroleum.Some fuels are indispensable to country life: wood, natural gas, kerosene, petroleum.2. What fuel resources is China rich in?coal, oil, wood.3. Suppose the world had run out of fuel, what would happen to our life? What sort of ‘nightmare life’ do you think Asimov describes in this text?Text Analysis: catch the examples and the central meaning of each paragraph. (110 mins.)Para.1 --- lack of means of transport for going to work (why walk to work?) (comp.2-1)1. ‘So it’s 1997’. When was this article written?It was written in 1977. The year 1997 is the future year Asimov describes in his prediction. Now it’s 1997, and we can see if there is any truth in Asimo v’s prediction 20 years ago.2. What do the words “slosh” and ‘slide’ suggest about the trip to work by bike on that rainy day? (Comp.3 - 1)The trip is unpleasant and difficult because of the muddy and slippery road. Asimov starts with what seems to be the most essential thing to the Americans - the car. (Org. & Devl.)3. What are the examples?The subways/barts are crowded; many trains/one out of five trains break down (stop because of a mechanical fault); the buses are gone; the bicycles slosh and slide (flounder or splash about in slush or mud)Para. 2 --- lack of raw materials and alternative source of energye.g. Construction materials got from fading structures (old buildings); enough coal difficult to get; nuclear energy dangerous; solar energy expensive.1. Why does Asimov use ‘fading’ and ‘decaying’ to describe ‘structures’ and ‘city’ respectively? or, explain the meanings of these words. (comp.3-2)fading - losing color and brightness; disappearing gradually fading structures suggests that the buildings are in bad repair and become fewer and fewer in number.decaying - declining in prosperity, wasting awaydecaying city suggests that the city lacks vitality to the extent of collapsing.Together they help to create a bleak picture of the city.2. How do you understand The fading structures of a decaying city are the great mineral mines and hardware shops of the nation? Break them down and reuse the parts.When the old buildings are pulled down, the various parts such as those reinforcing bars, tubes, etc. can be recycled. So the fading structures seems to be the great mineral mines and hardware shops where the materials of this kind can be found.3. What is the job in demolition(= destruction, leveling)? Why is it steady according to the author? (comp.2-2)the job involved with destroying old buildings.because many old buildings have to be pulled down so that their various parts can be recycled.4. Coal is too difficult to ...; nuclear fission is ...; the technical breakthrough toward nuclear fusion ...; and solar batteries are ....Coal is time-consuming, effort-consuming, and energy-consuming in digging up and transportation.Nuclear fission is dangerous because it produces radioactive rays which are harmful to people by contaminating land, water, and air.Nuclear fusion did occur because we have had hydrogen bombs, but we can’t utilize the energy produced by nuclear fusion in our life up till now.Solar energy can’t be 100% utilized to produce electricity, so solar batteries are expensive.5. How does Asimov keep the first two paras. coherent?walk to work (para.1) - job in demolition (para.2) - job involving the re-use of raw materials and energy resources - lack of raw materials and energy resourcesPara.3 --- the disappearance of automobiles because of the shortage of gasolinehow there are no more cars running in the streets in 1997 (comp.2-3)1. What does filthy rich mean?2. What is rationed? What d oes the ‘sacrifice’ refer to?The gas/gasoline is rationed because of its shortage. ‘Sacrifice’ refers to those who can’t afford the gas to keep their cars moving.3. Describe how the automobiles vanish. (comp.3-3)Automobiles dwindled because of the rising price of gas. Then only the rich could afford to keep their cars. This enraged the ordinary people. Then gas was rationed. The ration was gradually decreased. Finally all cars disappeared.4. Is it true in America and in China?Cars are not diminishing in the states, but it is true that American people now show less interest in manufacturing automobiles, because they believe the future need is computers and internet/info highway, from which people can do almost everything, shopping, visiting, having meetings, communicating, watching movies, etc. They will be seldom in need of cars to carry them everywhere.In China, more and more people are purchasing cars, for owning a private car is the symbol of becoming wealthy.Para.4 --- some advantages of fuelless life / world1. According to the author, the fuel crisis of 1997 has some advantages. What are they? (comp.3 - 4) Why?less pollution (The air is cleaner) and fewer diseases, more security and lower crime rate, more healthy way of life (people walk all the time), closer human relationships (mutual protection in crowds).2. Rephrase With the police car too expensive (and too easy a target), policemen are back on their beats. Legs are king in the cities of 1997, and people walk everywhere far into the night.Police cars are too costly (and are very likely to become victims of assault), so policemen walk about designated routes to perform their patrol duty as before.In the year 1997, walking forms the most important means of transportation in the cities and, from early in the morning till late at night, people travel here and there, back and forth, all on foot.Para.5 --- what results from the shortage of electricity (and fuels)e.g. no heating, no air-conditioning, no more hot showers, less lighting1. What’s the meaning of with most of what furnace fuel is allowed hoarded for the dawn?2. How do you interpret lukewarm sponge baths will do. and if the air is not always very fragrant in the human vicinity, the automobiles fumes are 0gone. (comp.3-5)What people can have are only lukewarm sponge baths instead of showers, so if the air is full of the unpleasant smell coming from human perspiration because of fewer baths, you can smell the auto fumes.The pleasant smell in the air comes from human perspiration rather than from the toxic vapor of cars as people can no longer afford to have a shower every day but can only clean their bodies with a sponge.Note the understatement in the sentence.3. What are the consequences of the scarcity of electricity and fuels?no air-cons for heating and cooling, staying in the dark after supper, not to burn the furnace all night to keep warm, put on sweaters even indoors in winter, not to take showers everyday but only lukewarm sponge baths so not fragrant smell in the air elicited from human bodies because of fewer showers. Para.6 --- the more disastrous conditions in the suburbs because the scarcity of fuels, say, gasoline and electricitye.g. the diminishing of cars so people have to form shopping pools, and to use pushcarts. shortage of electricity so not enough to hoard for the whole winter, and not enough for the dogs to eat in winter1. What’s the function of the word ‘that’ in the first sentence? (comp.3-6)Introducing an adverbial clause expressing reason.2. Paraphrase There is some consolation in the city that it is worse in the suburbs.City people feel somewhat comforted by the thought that people in the suburbs suffer even more (from the energy shortage).3. Explain the meaning of the sentence The suburbs were born with the auto, lived with the auto,and are dying with the auto? (comp.3-7)The car made it possible for the city to sprawl out and develop its suburbs; the mobility the car provided made it possible for people to live in the suburbs; with the disappearance of the car, the once-prosperous suburbs are declining. Para.7. --- scarce energy resources should be priorly distributed to transport and agriculture, not to personal comfort, and the reasons (comp.2-4)e.g. The nation as a whole must survive. The railroads moving the coal which is the immediate hope, and the subways moving the people should receive major attention; energy must be conserved for agriculture in order to produce more food, to maintain sufficient food supply, or even to exchange some oil with food. As for the personal comfort, people can huddle together when cold, fan ourselves when cool, sleep or make love at night when there is no electricity. Para.8 --- starvation in the rest of the world (comp.2-5)1. What makes Americans feel that they are luckier than people elsewhere in the world? (comp.3-8)While Americans are forced to eat less, people in the rest of the world are simply starving.2. Paraphrase Some cynics say that it is the knowledge of this that helps keep American from despair. (LW6-4)American people know well that they are lucky to have enough food supply - America is one of the biggest agricultural exporters in the world - so that they do not lose any hope.According to some cynics, the reason why Americans have not yet lost hope is that they even understand that the situation in the rest of the world is even more discouraging.3. Paraphrase All the statistics point to rapidly declining rate of population increase, but that is coming about chiefly through a high infant mortality.The rapidly declining rate of population increase is resulted chiefly from a rapid increase of infants deaths. In other words, there are more infants who die every day than babies who are given birth to.Survey results indicate a rapid decrease in population, but this decline results mainly from a rapid increase in infant deaths.Para.9 --- brain damage caused by malnutritionThere are some people in the world who can get barely enough food to keep their body working so that they can survive / they are alive. However, their brains are permanently damaged because of malnutrition.The same is true in most parts of the African continent now, where there are fewer natural resources, but more fights with each other, and besides, the climate is not favorable for crops.So some people hold the view that it would be ‘realistic’ to wipe out those who are only alive but brain-damaged. It was reported days ago that during the years 1935 - 1976 in Sweden, 60,000 women were sterilized because they were regarded as inferior races. It is well known that Adolph Hitler massacred / slaughtered tremendous amount of Jews to purify / ensure the purity of his own Germanic race.Para.10 --- military forces reduced because the weapons are energy-consuming Though there are still some soldiers in uniform and with rifles in almost every nation, those energy-consuming weapons are limited.This is not the case in 1997 now.1. Why does Asimov think that only US and SU/USSR can maintain a few weapons in 1997?He considers these two nations as the military and economic superpowers in the world.Para.11 --- the effect of energy shortage on people’s work and on t heir cultural lifeBecause of the exhaustion of energy, people have to work manually for longer hours and have less cultural entertainment: less time to watch TV and movies, fewer books to read. Men can do little else besides work, sleep, and eat, with the last less likely to be guaranteed.This is proved to be a false prediction by the reality in 1997 now. 1. What does the Trinity refer to?God the Father Jehovah, God the Son Jesus Christ, and God the Holy Spirit Para.12 --- how the energy crisis will end1. How will the energy crisis end according to Asimov? (comp.2-6) or, what will the final consequences of the energy exhaustion?It will not end until the clock is turned back to about 200 years before. With the exhaustion of energy resources, we would have to live as if we were in the ages 200 years ago / before 1800, when there were no machine industry, no scientific technology because they were fossil fuels-consuming (fossil fuels are those that originated in organic matter of past geologic times: coal, oil, and natural gas); when there were only subsistence farming(farming that provides all or almost all the goods required by the farm family, usu. without any significant surplus for sale) and less population (no more than one billion) owing to starvation, disease and violence.Para.13 --- Asimov’s attitude in the face of the energy crisis? Is he totally pessimistic? (comp.3-10)No, he is not totally pessimistic. The article appeared in a 1977 issue of Time magazine, and what is described is supposed to happen in 1997. In the last sentence Asimov says ‘If we had started 20 years ago, that might have been another matter.’ This means that if measures had been taken in 1977, when the article was published, human beings could well be saved from the disaster caused by the exhaustion of energy resources. So Asimov still sees a ray of hope.Main idea: (10 mins.)By depicting the nightmarish life of Americans in 1997 resulting from the exhaustion of fossil fuels, the author draws attention to the gravity of the energy crisis and calls for immediate action to prevent the possible occurrence of the nightmare. (comp.1-B)(copm.3-9) Is the topic sentence of the passage explicitly stated or is it implied? What is it?The topic sentence of the passage is implied: Measures must be taken immediately to prevent the exhaustion of fuel on earth, which will likely result in a nightmareish life for the Americans and other people of the world as well.Organization and Development / Analysis - ExampleGroup work : Silent reading of Org. & Devl./ Analysis and discussion on the following questions.(15 mins.)Class discussion: Ask one in each group to answer one question and the others evaluate it.(15 mins.)1. What are the examples Asimov uses and how does he organize his examples?(25 mins.)In his essay Asimov has used many examples to draw a grim picture of human life without fuel. Obviously these examples are intended to illustrate the indispensable role energy plays i n people’s daily lives. These examples are so tangible that the reader may well picture how much people are relying on energy resources. From there, he can further visualize the possible consequences of a fuel crisis, ready to accept the author’s claim t hat proper measures must be taken immediately to conserve energy.Of the various effects which the exhaustion of energy resources might produce, Asimov has selected those which are most closely related to people’s daily life and thus are the most immediately felt. This will make the reader sense more acutely the gravity of the situation.Apparently these examples are not a random collection. Rather, they are carefully chosen to serve the writer’s purpose.Observe how Asimov organize his examples. In helping to explain the various consequences of a predicted energy crisis, he begins with examples of inconveniences that are directly related to individual lives, inconveniences caused by cars, heaters, lights, showers and air-conditioners; he then moves on to those related to communal life, such as transportation, agriculture, industry and national defense. It is not hard to see that Asimov is here following the order of importance.One of the advantages of such a plan is that, by putting the strongest examples last, the impression it creates may remain with the reader....Asimov starts with what seems to be the most essential thing to the Americans - the car. Then the inconvenience and hardship of life caused by the shortage of electricity. Then the shortage of food. And lastly, the less essential aspect of life - cultural life and what is less directly related to the ordinary people - the military build-up of the country. Generally speaking, one can probably say that Asimov follows the order of ‘from what the people are most concerned with to what they are less concerned with.’2. How does one set of examples evolve from another?Examples of the suburbs naturally follow those of the cities. And the situation of the world naturally follows that of the US. Brain-damage caused by malnutrition evolves from deaths caused by starvation.3. In what case should we use examples in our writing?Examples are used to turn a general or abstract statement into a meaningful and concrete message, making a concept or an argument more specific, precise and clear.4. What should be noticed in the choice of examples?A well-chosen example or illustration can support a claim so that the reader may feel willing to accept it as true. Similarly, a poorly-selected example or illustration may even destroy a claim. So examples should be relevant so that they may illuminate accurately the ideas as desired.5. How can examples be arranged?Normally, examples can be arranged in a chronological fashion as in a narrative or process paper. If time does not seem important, the examples may be placed in order of importance, impressiveness, wittiness, outrageousness, or seriousness.Pre-class work:Read Text 2 and identify the wide use of air-con in the States, and its effects.Text 2THE GREAT AMERICAN COOLING MACHINEFrank TrippettQuestions for discussion:1. the extravagant use of cooling machines in the US. (paras.1-3)2. the positive and negative effects of the vast cooling of America. (paras.4-10)Group work for 15 mins. and class presentation for another 20 minutes.3. Recent years have witnessed an increasingly wide use of air-cons both in public places and private homes in some big cities in China. What do you think of this trend? (5 mins.)4. some good expressions in this article.Post-reading activities1. Tell orally the importance of energy resource: the functions, the nightmare life without it, and the measures to be taken to avoid such nightmare life.2. Write a brief essay, in which you predict some of the possible consequences if the irresponsible attitude toward consumption of energy resource on the part of the students in the campus dorm. Use examples to help you explain. (after-class work)Language work 1, 3, 4, 5Organization and Development of Text 1 in Unit 3Para.1: lack of means of transport for going to workPara.2:lack of raw materials and alternative source of energyPara.3:the disappearance of automobiles because of the shortage of gasolinePara.4: some advantages of fuelless life / world Para.5:what results from the shortage of electricityPara.6:the more disastrous conditions in the suburbs because of the scarcity of fuels, say, gasoline and electricityPara.7: scarce energy resources should be priorly distributed to transport and agriculture instead of personal comfortPara.8: starvation in the rest of the world Para.9: brain damage caused by malnutrition Para.10:military forces reduced because the weapons are energy-consumingPara.11:the effect of energy shortage on people’s work and on their cultural lifePara.12: how the energy crisis will endPara.13:Asimov’s attitude in the face of the energy crisisQuestions for discussion in Text 21.extravagant use of cooling machines in the US2.positive & negative effects of the vast coolingof in the US3.wider & wider use of air-conditioners in China4. .5.6.。
李观仪《新编英语教程》第5册 UNIT5
3. Victorian era: Victoria‟s reputation in Britain was also due to her personality. She set a very severe home discipline for her children. Any dishonesty, mischief, negligence or rude language might result in beatings for them. She herself was very careful about her behaviour on public occasions. In addition, she maintained a very harmonious relation with her husband and almost set a standard for domestic virtues of rectitude（正直）of personal conduct. Victoria‟s achievements were so popular in Britain and her personality was so widely esteemed and imitated by the middle class that the epithet Victorian was later applied to any person or time with the characteristics of decency and morality, self-satisfaction based on wealth, conscious rectitude, unquestioning acceptance of authority and orthodoxy, and great industrial and scientific development. Her time was thus called “the polite society” in English history.
练习册翻译-答案-新编英语教程5-第三版
练习册翻译-答案-新编英语教程5-第三版Unit One1.在举出许多事实并列出一些统计数字后，他终于把他的论点说清楚了。
(drive sth. home)After citing many facts and giving a number of statistical figures, he finally drove home his point.2. 差不多花了半年功夫，我们才完成了那个研究项目。
(more or less)It took us half a year more or less to carry through the research project.3.他说的话如此微妙，我们很难理解他的真实意图。
(subtle)What he said was so subtle that we could hardly make out his true intention.4.他的新书一针见血地审视了当代的社会问题。
(squarely)His new book looks squarely at the contemporary social problems.5.今日的年轻一代对互联网上的最新信息很关注。
(be alive to)The younger generation today are very much alive to the latest information found on the Internet.6.外语是不是在童年更容易学好？这是一个观点问题。
(a matter of)It is a matter of opinion whether a foreign language is more easily learned in one’s childhood or otherwise.7. 在挫折面前千万不要丧失信心；鼓起勇气坚定不移地去克服它。
(take courage) Never lose heart in the face of a setback; take courage and deal with it squarely.8. 适量的米饭、肉类、蔬菜、水果构成均衡的饮食。
新编英语教程5(第三版李观仪)unit-8课文及译文参考
Unit 1 恰到好处Have you ever watched a clumsy man hammering a nail into a box? He hits it first to one side, then to another, perhaps knocking it over completely, so that in the end he only gets half of it into the wood. A skillful carpenter, on the other hand, will drive the nail with a few firm, deft blows, hitting it each time squarely on the head. So with language; the good craftsman will choose words that drive home his point firmly and exactly. A word that is more or less right, a loose phrase, an ambiguous expression, a vague adjective（模糊的形容词）, will not satisfy a writer who aims at clean English. He will try always to get the word that is completely right for his purpose.你见过一个笨手笨脚的男人往箱子上钉钉子吗？只见他左敲敲，右敲敲，说不准还会将整个钉子锤翻，结果敲来敲去到头来只敲进了半截。
而娴熟的木匠就不这么干。
他每敲一下都会坚实巧妙地正对着钉头落下去，一钉到底。
语言也是如此。
一位优秀的艺术家谴词造句上力求准确而有力地表达自己的观点。
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Beethoven's musical style
Beethoven was a music revolutionary giant. 贝多芬则是一位音乐的革命巨人。
Beethoven's symphonies（交响曲） is mainly written about the hero of the Revolutionary struggle(革命斗争） His music created rich and varied image, the use of each of his works in sonata(奏鸣曲） form has its own characteristics. 他创作的形象丰富多样,运用在他的每一部lso the author of The Strange Story of the Quantum, The Tyranny of Testing, About Vectors, and Relativity and Its Roots. He was a member of the Baker Street Irregulars and wrote the short story Sherlock, Shakespeare, and the Bomb, published in Ellery Queen Mystery Magazine in February 1966.
2.Beethoven in many respects directly inherited and developed the Mozart's art.
Mozart's musical style
1.Mozart is a unique prodigy in the history of music. 2.the most prominent feature of Mozart's musical style is maintaining an unmatched fluency and singing. 3.Mozart‘s piano music is full of quiet, fantasy, romance and simple,but it captures the most basic and beautiful feeling of the listener. 莫扎特是音乐史上独一无二的天才神童。 其音乐风格最突出的特点,就是保持着一种无与伦比的流畅性与 歌唱性。 他的钢琴音乐中充满了宁静,幻想,浪漫,简约却抓住了聆乐人内心 基本,最美好的感受。
He obtained his Ph.D. from University of Zurich. He later became professor at the Kaiser-Wilhelm Gesellschaft in Berlin.
Scientific Works
The 1905 papers: Three seminal papers researched and written by Einstein. The first concerning electromagnetic energy The second proposing the special theory of relativity The third concerning statistical mechanics
Birth and Childhood
• Albert was born on March 14, 1879 in Ulm, Germany. • Parents Hermann and Pauline were non observant Jews whose family business consisted of the manufacturing of electrical parts.
The house where Einstein was born.
Early Schooling
Albert received good grades but found his schooling restricting as it depended on memorization and obedience. His real studies were done at home while reading science and math textbooks. He left his school in Munich at age 15, to join his parents who had moved to Italy.
Conclusion
可以说听莫扎特的钢琴音乐时是怀着一种高尚的宁静来细细咀嚼的,仿佛 是走进了一个繁花似锦的花园,静静的享受着古典的建筑,庭中小径,月光 下的路灯,小草鲜花,清亮的流水声,漫天的星斗倒影在小池中……一曲终 了,可以怀着安逸悄然入睡。而在欣赏贝多芬的钢琴作品时心中往往是不 能平静的。如《月光》奏鸣曲中,第一乐章好象皓月当空,一派安宁景象， 第二乐章则如月映池底,波光澜澜,第三乐章是无论如何也难以让人联想到 月亮的。其急风暴雨般的演奏典型地表现出了贝多芬的风格。所以,贝多 芬和莫扎特的区别就在于两人都赐给人类美妙的音乐,可美的不一样,美的 一快,一慢;一个入世,一个出世;一个正视生活的困难,一个则用含着眼泪的 微笑面对严酷的生活。
Einstein’s class in Munich in 1889. Einstein is in the front row, second from the right.
Albert graduated from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in 1900 as a secondary math and physics teacher.
• 有一天他说莫扎特是所有作曲家中最伟大的一位，这让我吃惊不小。 他认为贝多芬的音乐是"创造"出来的，而莫扎特的音乐是如此纯净和 优美，让人感觉他只是在哪儿"发现"了它---它一直是宇宙内在的美的 一部分，一直存在着，等待着我们去发现。
similarity
1.Mozart, Beethoven, two belong to the Vienna classical music composers.
Nobel Prize in Physics Year: 1921 Winner: Albert Einstein Reason: Photoelectric effect 光电效应
Madame Curie
Mo Yan
Special Relativity（1905） 狭义相对论
The laws of physics are the same for all observers in uniform motion relative to one another (principle of relativity). The speed of light in a vacuum is the same for all observers, regardless of their relative motion or of the motion of the light source.
Scientific Works
E=mc² This equation expresses the deep connection between energy and mass. E represents energy, m represents mass, and c² is a very large number, the square of the speed of light.
Introduction of The Author Einstein’s Life Relevant Knowledge
Yame
Cinderella Elaine Katherine Eunice
Main Idea & Organization of The Text
Edited by Sue
Sue
Relationship with Einstein
He was a British mathematician and physicist known for his association with Albert Einstein. While at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, Hoffmann collaborated with Einstein and Leopold Infeld on the classic paper Gravitational Equations and the Problem of Motion. What Einstein, Infeld, and Hoffmann showed was that the equation of motion followed directly from the field equation that defined the geometry.
Traits
Different
Curious Intelligent Musical
The contrast of Mozart and Beethoven's musical style
contrast
Evaluation of Einstein
• One day he surprised me by saying Mozart was the greatest composer of all. Beethoven "created" his music, but the music of Mozart was of such purity and beauty one felt he had merely "found" it - that it had always existed as part of the inner beauty of the Universe, waiting to be revealed.