构词法练习及其答案

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高考能力测试构词法Word Formation

一.合成Compounding 两个或更多的词合成一个词。

方式:1. 直接写在一起。 2. 用连字符(-)连接。 3. 由两个分开的词构成。

(4)合成adv however, maybe, wherever, whenever,

forever

.

(5)合成代词whoever,, whatever, everyone, nobody, myself, something, anything, (6)合成介词inside在……里

二、派生 Derivation ]

三、转化 Conversion : 指一个词不变化词形,而由一种此类转化为另一种词类或几种词类。 1. 名词和动词之间的转化telephone 电话—打电话, mirror 镜子—像镜子一样反映, drink 喝—饮料, record 录音—记录, name, date, hand, study,

2. 形容词转化为动词 perfect 完美的——使完善

3.名词转化为形容词(副词) front 前面——前面的

4.形容词转化为名词 chief 主要的——首领

训练要旨:构词法是英语学习的一个重点,也是近年来常考的项目。特别是在词语辨析的综合运用中,对词汇掌握的要求越来越高。检测构词法,在阅读理解中,已不把这种词汇看作生词,而是把这类词的理解看作学生通过对构词法知识的学习,应该具备的一种能力。如有的生词,只要其词根是学生们该掌握的或熟悉的,只是加上了前缀或后缀,再者或是合成词等,命题人就认为不必再注出汉语注释。

man was________enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the B. careful C. careless Dcarelessness

soldier died for saving the child ,so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai. A. die B. dead C. died D. death &

child looked_______ at his brother who was badly wounded.

A. sadly

B. sadness

C. sadly

D. sad

is an expert at chemistry. We all call him a ________. A. chemistry B. chemical C. chemis D. physician

three- ________chair isn’t suitable for a young child. He may fall off. A. legging B .legged C. legs

became the________railway engineer in the world. A. lead B. leader C. leading D. leadership

the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem ,Jack looked_______about at his classmates.

D. pridely

everyone ’s ________, the girl finished the job quite well. 9.—What are you doing here —Oh ,my teacher asked me to

write a passage about ________in English.

—You can write______ _passage in English words;a 600-words;a 600-words

words;a 600-word words;a 600-words

?

one should enter the spot without the________of the police.

11You must come with us to the police head is waiting for

that animal escape was no accident;you did it

shop owner welcomed all the guests with a________smile.

him to pay a $100 fine.

TV is out of you tell me what is the________news about Iraq War

Great Wall is more than 6000 li in ________.

my ________,I passed the exam easily.

18.Canada is mainly an________country.

he is! He is always is really a ________.

;foolishly;fool ;foolish;fool ;fool;fool ;foolish;fool

necklace that she lost is very ’s of great ________.

were________fish in the river in South America. danger

letter “b” in the word “doubt” is________.

child looked at me________.

black people were against slavery and fought for their________bravely.

you said sounded________ but in fact it was untrue.

have to learn________technology from other countries.

children live in a village come here almost every day. by

Black is an ________in the army,not an________in the can not easily find him in his________.

`

A .official;officer;office ;office;official ;official;official ;official;office

’d better give up smoking if you want to keep

speaking,I didn’t do it on purpose.

sounds like a good plan,but there are some________difficulties in carrying it out.

father possesses a________factory,which does most of the pollution to this river.

left his homeland for some________reasons.

’s________to persuade him to give up ’s very

caught two________birds in the wood last week and they are still________in the cage.

|

;live ;live ;alive ;alive

doctor said that t he old man’s condition was__and that they had tried their best.

felt so________that she could hardly open her eyes.

stood there______at ;frightful frightful ;frightening ;fright

doctor’s advice________him from drinking and smoking.

40I’d like to buy a house,modern,comfortable and above all in a D neighbour’s

Ⅱ.改错练习(每小题有一个构词法错误,请找出并更正)

Milu deer are living in the wild in a natural park. blouse is fit for him at ’s too long and the color has run. possibly that the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed.

must strength government of the people,by the people and for the people.

;

sperm whale can dive to a deep of more than 1000 meters in the sea.

is a very famous has played many important parts in different films.

,I’d rather stay at home watching TV. of her ill,she can’t go out for the sight-seeing.

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