最新高考英语复习专项阅读理解体裁练习附答案

课时10阅读理解体裁

解读(1)—记叙文【体裁解读】

高考阅读理解体裁纷繁多样，但每套试卷通常包含一到两篇记叙文。在所有的阅读体裁中，记叙文的难度相对是比较低的。如果掌握了阅读的技巧，多多实践，阅读能力就会大大提高。

1．记叙文写作特点

记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。消息、通讯、传记、游记、小说、童话、寓言以及记叙性的散文等文体，都属于记叙文的范畴。就写作顺序而言，记叙文要么是按时间顺序，要么是按事件的重要性的顺序来展开。不管是哪种叙述方法，最后经常会有一两句话抒发作者的情绪与感悟，这是记叙文的精华所在，也是阅读的难点所在，可谓“一篇之妙，在于落句”。

2．记叙文命题特点

从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开差距的题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻身高分之列。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。

体裁演练(2017·全国新课标Ⅰ)

I work with Volunteers for Wildlife，a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley.Trying to help injured，displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking；survival is never certain.However，when it works，it is simply beautiful.

I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown.She had found a young owl (猫头鹰) on the ground.When I arrived，I saw a 2- to 3-week-old owl.It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.

I examined the chick (雏鸟) and it seemed fine.If I could locate the nest，I might have been able to put it back，but no luck.My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.

The homeowner was very helpful.A wire basket was found.I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable.I placed the chick in the nest，and it quickly calmed down.

Now all that was needed were the parents，but they were absent.I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks.These advertise the presence of chicks to adults；

they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well.I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.

A nervous night to be sure，but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings.I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active.And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all—LUNCH！The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.

1．What is unavoidable in the author's rescue work according to paragraph 1?

A．Efforts made in vain.

B．Getting injured in his work.

C．Feeling uncertain about his future.

D．Creatures forced out of their homes.

2．Why was the author called to Muttontown?

A．To rescue a woman.

B．To take care of a woman.

C．To look at a baby owl.

D．To cure a young owl.

3．What made the chick calm down?

A．A new nest. B．Some food.

C．A recording. D．Its parents.

4．How would the author feel about the outcome of theevent?

A．It's unexpected. B．It's beautiful.

C．It's humorous. D．It's discouraging.

【能力提升】

A

Benjamin West，the father of American painting，showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age.But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one.In those days，a brush was made from camel's hair.There were no camels nearby.Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead.He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.

The brush did not last long.Soon Benjamin needed more fur.Before long，the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱)．His father said that the cat must be sick.Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.

The_cat's_lot_was_about_to_improve.That year，one of Benjamin's cousins，Mr.Pennington，came to visit.He was impressed with Benjamin's drawings.When he went home，he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes.He also sent six engravings(版画) by an artist.These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.