英语诗歌选读第四章

正如德高人逝世很安然， 对灵魂轻轻的说一声走， 悲伤的朋友们聚在旁边， 有的说断气了，有的说没有。 让我们化了，一声也不作， 泪浪也不翻，叹风也不兴； 那是亵渎我们的欢乐—— 要是对俗人讲我们的爱情。 地动会带来灾害和惊恐， 人们估计它干什么，要怎样 可是那些天体的震动， 虽然大得多，什么也不伤。 世俗的男女彼此的相好， （他们的灵魂是官能）就最忌 别离，因为那就会取消 组成爱恋的那一套东西。 我们被爱情提炼得纯净， 自己都不知道存什么念头 互相在心灵上得到了保证， 再不愁碰不到眼睛、嘴和手。

And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare As any she belied with false compare．
我的爱人没有阳光一般明亮的眼睛 ——威廉•莎士比亚
我的爱人没有阳光一般明亮的眼睛, 也远远没有赛过珊瑚的红唇； 她的胸脯比白雪幽暗, 如麻的黑发长在她的头顶。 我见过红、白各色的玫瑰, 可玫瑰的颜色在她面颊上全无踪影； 如果说香水气味芬芳, 可她的呼吸中香味难寻。 我爱听她开口讲话, 虽远不如音乐悦耳动听： 我的爱人走路是常人的步态, 我承认从未见过仙女的身形。 然而,天啊,我的爱人弥足珍贵, 尽管难与那些美妙的比喻相提并论。
by John Donne
Our two souls therefore, which are one, Though I must go, endure not yet A breach, but an expansion, Like gold to airy thinness beat. If they be two, they are two so As stiff twin compasses are two ; Thy soul, the fixed foot, makes no show To move, but doth, if th' other do. And though it in the centre sit, Yet, when the other far doth roam, It leans, and hearkens after it, And grows erect, as that comes home.
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卞之琳译
恩爱的夫妻最痛苦的事莫过于分离，但只要想到夫妻 即使分别的时间再久，距离再长，他们依然是彼此相 连，彼此牵挂，夫随妻动，妻随夫动，那么人们就不 需过分为这份别离而悲伤。为了说明这一点，诗人把 一对夫妻比作成圆规的两脚。想想看，圆规的两脚是 由一个固定轴固定的，这就象征了夫妻之间的结合点， 共同点。当要画圆时，必须有一脚固定住，另一脚围 着固定的一只旋转。这就表明了夫妻的一方都是随另 一方而动的，是以另一方为中心的。二者的密切相连 完成了一个完美的圆，夫妻双方走过了一个完美的人 生。





As virtuous men pass mildly away, And whisper to their souls to go, Whilst some of their sad friends do say, The breath goes now, and some say, no; So let us melt, and make no noise, No tear-floods, nor sigh-tempests move ; 'Twere profanation of our joys To tell the laity our love. Moving of th' earth brings harms and fears ; Men reckon what it did, and meant ; But trepidation of the spheres, Though greater far, is innocent. Dull sublunary lovers' love (Whose soul is sense)cannot admit Absence, because it doth remove Those things which elemented it. But we by a love， so much refined, That our selves know not what it is, Inter-assured of the mind, Care less, eyes, lips and hands to miss.
The Flea －－John Donne




Mark but this flea, and mark in this, How little that which thou[1] deniest me is; Me it sucked first, and now sucks thee[2], And in this flea our two bloods mingled be[3]; Thou know'st that this cannot be said A sin, or shame, or loss of maidenhead, Yet this enjoys before it woo, And pampered swells with one blood made of two, And this, alas, is more than we would do. Oh stay, three lives in one flea spare[4], Where we almost,nay more than married are. This flea is you and I, and this Our marriage bed and marriage temple is; Though parents grudge[5], and you,we are met, And cloisered in these living walls of jet. Though use[6] make you apt to kill me Let not to that, self-murder addedbe,
威廉•莎士比亚(William Shakespeare 1564—1616)英国 剧作家。 人们常常用各种美好的事物来比喻自己的爱人。而 这首诗正好相反,直陈那些美好的比喻都不能用在自己的爱人 身上。尽管这也比不上、那也比不上,但无法用语言解释清楚 的是,自己的爱人比一切都更加珍贵。
A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning


I love to hear her speak, yet well I know That music hath a far more pleasing sound： I grant I never saw a goddess go,--My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground．
注释： 1. thou：在古英语里，是表示you 的主格形式。 2. thee：在古英语里，是表示 you的宾格形式。 3. And in this flea our two bloods mingledbe：这一句是这首诗的 关键句，道出“在这只跳蚤的身体里，我们两个人的血液相互交 融。” 4. Oh stay, three lives in oneflea spare：“哦，你先等一等，不 要掐死这只跳蚤，因为它（吸了两人的血）集三条生命于一身。” 5.grudge：厌恶，怨恨。 6. use：=habit 习惯。 7.sacrilege：亵渎神圣。 8.hast：在古英语里，相当于 have 的第二人称单数的现在式，主 词为 thou。 9.purpled thy nail：thy用在古英语里，相当于your，你的。掐死 了跳蚤，所以鲜血染红了指甲，变成了“紫色”。由此可见，诗人 的语言非常滑稽有趣。
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两个灵魂打成了一片， 虽说我得走，却并不Baidu Nhomakorabea成 破裂，而只是向外伸延， 像金子打到薄薄的一层。 就还算两个吧，两个却这样 和一副两脚规情况相同； 你的灵魂是定脚．并不像 移动．另一脚一移，它也动。
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虽然它一直是坐在中心， 可是另一个去天涯海角， 它就侧了身．倾听八垠； 那一个一回家，它马上挺腰。 你对我就会这样子，我一生 像另外那一脚，得侧身打转； 你坚定，我的圆圈才会准， 我才会终结在开始的地点。
Such wilt thou be to me, who must, Like th' other foot, obliquely run ; Thy firmness makes my circle just, And makes me end where I begun.
别离辞：节哀 ——约翰· 邓恩



And sacrilege[7], three sins in killing three. Cruel and sudden, hast[8] thou since Purpled thy nail[9] in blood of innocence? Wherein could this flea guilty be, Except in that drop which it sucked from thee? Yet thou triumph'st, and say'st that thou Find'st not thy self nor me the weaker now; 'Tis true; then learn how false fears be: Just so much honor, when thou yield'st tome, Will waste, as this flea's death look life from thee.
英语诗歌选读第四章
爱情诗歌
My Mistress’ Eyes Are Nothing like the Sun ——William Shakespeare

My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun； Coral is far more red than her lips’ red： If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun； If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head． I have seen roses damasked*, red and white,be in pink But no such roses see I in her cheeks； And in some perfumes is there more delight Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks．
跳蚤
——约翰· 邓恩
约翰· 多恩的诗歌最显著的一个特色毫无疑问是他 的奇思妙喻(conceit)。这些奇喻总是出人意料之外， 深深体味却又合情合理，恰到好处。正如 Samuel Johnson 所形容的那样 their conceits are ―a combination of dissimilar images , or discovery of occult resemblances in things appar ently unlike. The most heterogeneous ideas are yoke d by violence together‖。在约翰· 多恩的诗歌中，最具 此特色的要数The Flea (《跳蚤》)了。