短语和课后练习
短语结构类型教案和练习
短语结构类型教案和练习一、教学目标：1. 让学生掌握短语的基本概念和分类。
2. 使学生能够识别和运用不同类型的短语。
3. 提高学生对汉语短语结构的认知和运用能力。
二、教学内容：1. 短语的定义和特点2. 短语的分类：并列短语、偏正短语、动宾短语、主谓短语、方位短语等3. 短语结构的分析方法三、教学重点与难点：1. 短语的分类及识别2. 短语结构的分析方法四、教学方法：1. 讲授法：讲解短语的概念、分类和分析方法。
2. 案例分析法：分析具体例句，让学生直观地理解短语结构。
3. 练习法：通过练习巩固所学知识。
五、教学过程：1. 导入：简要介绍短语的概念，激发学生兴趣。
2. 讲解：详细讲解短语的分类和特点，示例说明。
3. 分析：引导学生分析具体例句，掌握短语结构的分析方法。
4. 练习：布置练习题，让学生巩固所学知识。
教案示例：【课堂练习】1. 请判断下列短语属于哪种类型，并说明理由：（1）知识分子（2）看电影（3）红彤彤（4）努力学习2. 请分析下列句子的短语结构：（1）小明喜欢看书。
（2）我去超市买牛奶。
3. 请用所学语组成一个合理的句子：五、教学反思：通过本节课的学习，学生是否掌握了短语的基本概念、分类和分析方法？是否能够在实际语境中正确运用？针对存在的问题，下一节课如何调整教学策略？六、教学策略与技巧：1. 采用互动式教学，鼓励学生积极参与讨论和练习。
2. 使用多媒体手段，如图片、视频等，帮助学生直观地理解短语结构。
3. 设计丰富多样的练习题，满足不同学生的学习需求。
4. 注重个体差异，给予学生个性化的指导和反馈。
七、教学评价：1. 课堂参与度：观察学生在课堂讨论和练习中的积极性。
2. 练习完成情况：评估学生对练习题的完成质量和速度。
3. 知识掌握程度：通过课后作业和测试检查学生对短语结构的理解和运用能力。
八、课后作业：1. 复习本节课所学内容，重点掌握短语的分类和分析方法。
2. 完成课后练习题，巩固所学知识。
Unit 4 重点单词 重点短语 课后语法练习高中英语外研版(2019)必修第二册
unit 4-重点单词+重点短语+课后语法练习提升重点单词+重点短语1.grateful .adj.感谢的，感激的→gratefully .adv.感激地；感谢地be grateful to sb. for sth. 因某事而感激某人be grateful to do sth. 因做某事而感激be grateful that... 感激···..·-I would be grateful if you could／would... =I would appreciate it if you could/would...-如果你能······我将感激不尽。
（用于提出请求）be thankful to sb.for（doing）sth. 为（做）某事感谢某人2.extremely .adv.极度，极其→extreme .adj.极度的Extremely cold/dangerous 极其寒冷的／危险的Extremely useful 非常有用；极有用的Extremely high 非常高的Extremely anxious 非常焦虑Extremely painful 极度疼痛／痛苦的Extremely difficult 极其困难的Extreme sports 极限运动Extreme care／caution 极其小心Extreme weather 极端的天气Extreme circumstances 极端情况拓展：extreme熟词生义：n.极端；极限go to extremes 走极端in the extreme 极度，非常3.overcome .v.控制（感情），克服（困难）Overcome difficulties/bad habits 克服困难／改掉恶习Overcome the fear 克服恐惧Overcome disadvantages 克服劣势Overcome obstacles 克服障碍Overcome injury 战胜伤痛be overcome with emotions/excitement/ horror/grief 因情感／兴奋／恐怖／悲伤而不能自持4.absorbed .adj.专心致志的→absorb .vt.吸收；使并入；承受；理解；使全神贯注→absorbing .adj.引人入胜的be absorbed in ＝absorb oneself in 全神贯注于······，被······吸引seem totally/completely absorbed in 似乎完全被······吸引*“全神贯注于／专心于”的表达法：focus/concentrate onfocus/fix/concentrate one's mind/attention onkeep one's mind onlose oneself in (=be lost in)bury oneself in (=be buried in)put one's heart intodevote oneself toapply oneself to5.absolutely .adv.完全地，绝对地→absolute .adj.绝对的；完全的absolutely impossible 绝对不可能absolutely right 完全正确absolutely necessary 绝对必要have absolutely no experience 完全没有经验Absolutely！（口）正是！当然！Absolutely not！（口）绝对不行！当然不！6.appealing .adj.有吸引力的，有趣的→appeal vi.＆n.吸引；呼吁；恳求；上诉find...appealing 觉得······有吸引力be appealing to sb. 对某人有吸引力an appealing sense of humour 吸引人的幽默感appealing design 造型美丽；造型优美appeal to 吸引，对······有吸引力；引起······的兴趣；呼吁；上诉appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁某人做某事appeal to sb.for help 向某人求助make an appeal to sb. for help 呼吁／恳求某人帮助have no appeal for sb. 对某人没有吸引力appeal court 上诉法院appeal against 提出上诉7.definitely .adv.确切地，肯定地→definite adj.明确的；确切的；肯定的definitely need sth. 肯定需要某物be definitely worth a visit 绝对值得一游be definitely worth doing... 绝对值得Definitely！（口）当然！Definitely not！（口）当然不！give sb. a definite answer 给某人一个明确的答复fix a definite date 定一个确切的日期be definite about... 对······有把握8.rude .adj.粗鲁的，无礼的→rudely .adv.无礼地，粗暴地→rudeness .n.粗鲁；无礼be rude to sb. 对某人粗鲁／无礼appear／sound rude 显得／听起来粗鲁be rude in manners = be in a rude manner 举止粗鲁a rude comment/remark 粗鲁的评论／话It is rude （of sb.）to do sth. （某人）做某事是粗鲁的。
新概念英语2_第46课_课后短语练习答案知识讲解
新概念英语2_第46课_课后短语练习答案新概念英语二 lesson46课后短语练习答案《新概念英语》第二册第46课第208页83个词组与 to, at, for和 with连用的动词与to连用的动词：accustom(ed) to(习惯于)；amount to(达到)；appeal to(呼吁)；apply to /for(适用于)；attach(ed) to(附属于)；attend to(参加)；belong to(属于)；challenge to(向……提出挑战)；compare to /with(比较)；condemn(ed) to(判刑)；confess to(承认)；confine to(限制)；consent to(同意)；convert to(改信(某宗教))；entitle(d) to(享有权利)；listen to(听)；mention to(提到)；object to(反对)； occur to(想到)； prefer to(更喜欢)；react to/against(对……反应)；reply to(回答)；respond to(响应)；see to(注意)；submit to(服从于)；surrender to(向……投降)；turn to(转向)；yield to(屈服)。
e.g. I prefer listening to music to reading newspapers.Will you see to this flower while I’m away?我不在的时候你照看一下这花好吗？I shall see to the dinner tonight. 今晚我做晚饭。
与at连用的动词：amused at/by(对……感到有趣)；arrive at/in(到达)；astonish (ed) at/by(感到惊愕)；exclaim at(惊叫)；glance at(对……看一眼)；guess at(猜测)；knock at(敲)；look at(看)；point at/to(指向)；shock(ed) at / by(感到震惊)；stare at(盯着……看)；surprise(d) at /by(感到惊讶)；wonder at/about(感到惊异)；work at/on(钻研)。
《中医英语》 课后练习题 之短语翻译
中医英语短语翻译 1-10单元Unit 11.中国医药学traditional Chinese medicine; TCM2中医基础理论basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine 3临床经验clinical experience4辨证论治treatment based on syndrome differentiation5杂病miscellaneous diseases6中药学Chinese pharmacy7四气五味four properties and five tastes8针灸acupuncture and moxibustion; acumox9古代中国哲学classical Chinese philosophy10汗法sweating therapy; diaphoresis11下法purgation12吐法vomiting therapy; emetic therapy13补土派the School of Reinforcing the Earth14病因学etiology15方剂prescription; formula16医疗实践medical practice17治疗原则therapeutic principles18寒凉药物herbs cold and cool in nature19滋阴降火 nourishing yin and reducing fire20瘀血治病diseases caused by blood stagnationUnit21五脏five zang-organs; five zang-viscera2六腑six fu-organs3经络系统system of meridians and collaterals4整体观念holism5有机整体organic wholenss6社会属性social attribute7开窍(of the five zang-organs) open into8生长化收藏sprout, grow, transform, ripen and store9诊断学diagnostics10邪正关系relationship between pathogenic factors and healthy qi11治疗学therapeutics12风寒感冒common cold due to wind and cold13同病异治different therapeutic methods used to treat the same disease 14异病同治the same therapeutic method used to treat different diseases 15水液代谢平衡balance of water metabolism 16清心火clearing away heart fire17疾病本质nature of disease18以左治右treating the left side for curing diseases located on the right side19从阴引阳drawing yang from yin20.病在上者下取之treating the lower part for curing diseases located on the upper part Unit 31哲学概念 philosophical concept2.相互转化 mutual transformation3.阴平阳秘 balance of yin and yang4.阴阳转化 transformation between yin and yang5.寒极生热 extreme cold turning into heat6.病理变化 pathological changes7.绝对偏盛 absolute predominance8.病机总纲 general rule of pathogenesis9.补其不足 supplementing what it lacks of10.祛风散寒 eliminating wind and dispersing cold11.相互消长 mutually inhibiting and promoting；wax and wane between yin and yang12.相互制约 mutually inhibiting and restraining13.相互依存 interdependence14.阴胜则阳病 excess of yin leading to decline of yang15.相反相成 contrary and supplementary to each other16.有机整体 organic whole17.阳损及阴 impairment of yang involving yin18.阴阳两虚 deficiency of both yin and yang 19.虚寒证 deficiency cold syndrome20.潜阳熄风 suppressing yang and eliminating windUnit41 五行学说 the theory of five elements2 条达舒畅 free development3 生我，我生 to be generated and to generate4 生中有制 restraint in generation5 相乘相侮 over restriction and counter-restriction6 土虚木乘Wood over restricts earth because it is deficient.7 生克制化 promotion, restriction, inhibition and transformation8母病及子 disorder of a mother-organ involving its child-organ9 肝肾精血不足 insufficiency of essence and blood in the liver and kidney10 心肝血虚 blood deficiency in the heart and liver11 心火亢盛 exuberant fire in the heart12 肝阴不足 insufficiency of liver yin13 肾阳式微 declination of kidney yang14 脾胃虚弱 weakness of the spleen and stomach15 平肝和胃 soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach16 水火不济between water and fireUnit51 藏象学说doctrine of visceral manifestations2 五脏六腑five zang-organs and six fu-organs3 奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs4 水谷精微nutrients of water and food5 传化水谷transmitting and transforming water and food6 贮藏精气storing essence7 表里关系internal and external relationship8 治疗效应therapeutic effects9 临床实践clinical practice10 藏而不泻storage without discharge11泻而不藏discharge without storage12形体诸窍physical build and various orifices13开窍(of five zang-organs) open into14精神情志spirit and emotions15心藏神the heart storing spirit16肺藏魄the lung storing corporeal soul17肝藏魂the liver storing ethereal soul18脾藏意the spleen storing consciousness19肾藏志the kidney storing will20其华在面the luster manifesting upon the faceUnit61 心主血脉 the heart governing blood and vessels2 心气充沛 sufficiency of heart qi3 面色红润 rosy complexion4 血液充盈 sufficiency of blood5 脉道不利 unsmooth vessels6 面色无华 lusterless complexion7 脉象细弱 thin and weak pulse8 心藏神 the heart storing spirit9 汗血同源 sweat and blood sharing the same origin10 升降出入 ascending, descending, going out and going in11宣发肃降 dispersion, purification and descent12通调水道 regulating water passage13脾主运化 the spleen governing transportation and transformation 14水谷精微 nutrients of water and food15水液停滞 stoppage of water and fluid16后天之本 acquired base of life17调畅气机 regulating qi activity18肝气逆上 upward adverse flow of liver qi19先天之精 innate essence20肾主纳气 the kidney receiving qiUnit71 奇恒之府extraordinary fu-organs2孤俯isolated fu-organ3 腐熟水谷digest water and food4 魄门anus5 肝之余其surplus part of liver qi6 上焦upper energizer7 泌别清浊separating the lucid from the turbid8 食物残渣residue of foods9 大肠主津The large intestine governs thin body fluid10精汁（胆汁）bile11小肠主液The small intestine governs thick body fluid12初步消化primary digestion13精气essential qi14七冲门the seven important portals15胆主决断The gallbladder is responsible for making judgment 16排泄糟粕discharge waste17月经来潮occurrence of menstruation18吸门inhaling portal19形态中空morphological hollowness20传化水谷transporting and transforming water and foodUnit81 先天禀赋innateness2 精微物质nutrients; refined substance3 血液循行blood circulation4 水液代谢water metabolism5 气的运动形式way of qi movement6 气的升降出入ascending, descending, exiting and entering movements of qi 7 气机调畅normal function of qi activity8生命的原动力primary motive force of life9 温养腑脏warming and nourishing the viscera10 腑脏经络之气qi of the viscera and meridians11气机qi activity12气化qi transformation13先天之气innate qi14后天之气acquired qi15正气healthy qi16邪气pathogenic factors17元气primordial qi18宗气thoracic qi19营气nutritive qi20卫气defensive qi21腠理striae and intersticesUnit91气生血qi promoting the production of blood2气行血qi promoting the flow of blood3气摄血qi commanding blood4血载气blood carrying qi5血生气blood generating qi6气生津液qi promoting the production of body fluid7气行津液qi promoting the flow of body fluid8气摄津液qi commanding body fluid9津液载气body fluid carrying qi10津液生气body fluid generating qi11津血同源body fluid and blood sharing the same origin12气随液脱exhaustion of qi due to loss of body fluid13气随血脱exhaustion of qi due to hemorrhage14气随津泄loss of qi due to profuse sweating15气行则血行，气滞则血瘀。
短语结构类型教案和练习
短语结构类型教案和练习一、教学目标：1. 让学生理解短语的概念和重要性。
2. 使学生掌握不同类型的短语结构。
3. 培养学生正确运用各种短语结构的能力。
二、教学内容：1. 短语的定义和分类2. 短语结构类型的特点3. 短语在句子中的作用三、教学过程：1. 导入：通过一个句子，引导学生发现短语的存在，并提问“什么是短语？”2. 讲解：详细讲解短语的定义、分类和特点，举例说明。
3. 练习：让学生分组，每组找出一些句子，分析其中的短语结构类型。
四、教学方法：1. 讲授法：讲解短语的概念、分类和特点。
2. 示例法：通过具体例子让学生理解短语结构类型。
3. 练习法：让学生在实际操作中掌握短语结构类型。
五、教学评估：1. 课堂参与度：观察学生在课堂上的发言和讨论情况，评估他们对短语结构类型的理解程度。
2. 练习完成情况：检查学生完成的练习，评估他们对不同短语结构类型的掌握情况。
3. 课后作业：布置相关题目，让学生课后巩固所学内容，评估他们的学习效果。
六、教学内容：1. 并列短语：介绍并列短语的定义和特点，如名词+名词、动词+动词等。
2. 偏正短语：讲解偏正短语的概念和构成方式，如“桌子上的书”。
3. 动宾短语：分析动宾短语的结构和用法，如“吃饭”、“看电影”。
4. 定中短语：介绍定中短语的定义和特点，如“北京的人”。
七、教学过程：1. 复习导入：通过复习上节课的内容，引导学生进入本节课的学习。
2. 讲解：详细讲解并列短语、偏正短语、动宾短语和定中短语的特点和用法。
3. 示例：给出具体例子，让学生理解不同类型短语的结构和意义。
八、教学方法：1. 讲授法：讲解并列短语、偏正短语、动宾短语和定中短语的概念和特点。
2. 示例法：通过具体例子让学生理解不同类型短语的结构和用法。
3. 练习法：让学生分组，每组找出一些句子，分析其中的短语结构类型。
九、教学评估：1. 课堂参与度：观察学生在课堂上的发言和讨论情况，评估他们对不同类型短语的理解程度。
短语的结构与类型
短语的结构与类型一、导入二、短语的结构词和词可以按照一定的语序或依靠一定的虚词组合起来，是意义上和语法上能够搭配而没有句调的一组词，构成短语（也称词组）。
◆按一定的语序：提醒幸福、纪念白求恩、范进中举等◆借助虚词组合：天上的街市、我的信念、我和鲁迅等❖（理解）1、意义上能够搭配即符合语义关系的要求，一般说符合逻辑。
如“吃月饼”可以，“吃月亮”则不行，除非在神话中。
“骑马”可以，“骑床”则不行。
2、语法上能够搭配如动词不能受数量短语修饰，“一个走”，一般不成立，不符合语法上的要求。
动宾短语，一般是动词+名词，而“跳美丽”不能搭配，“跳绳”当然可以。
3、没有句调因为许多短语加上句调便成为句子。
汉语组成短语的语法手段是词序和虚词。
如，“红花”不同于“花红”；“爸爸的妈妈”不同于“爸爸和妈妈”。
语序和虚词的不同，则短语类型不同，即为不同的短语。
练习：判断下列中加横线的是词还是短语。
门扣钉得太紧，开关都不方便。
（）这电灯的开关坏了。
（）三、短语的类型有“五大类型”，包括并列短语、偏正短语、动宾短语、后补短语、主谓短语5类。
（一）并列短语✓特点1：词和词之间没有轻重主次之分，彼此地位平等。
⑴名＋名文化教育今天或明天（名词短语）⑵动＋动调查研究愿意并实行（动词短语）⑶形＋形光辉灿烂庄严肃穆（形容词短语）⑷代＋代我和他这样那样（名词短语）⑸数量＋数量四面八方千秋万代（名词短语）✓特点2：并列短语一般前后可以互换位置。
例如：工厂农村我你他✓特点3：但有些并列短语是不能前后颠倒位置的，因为它有一定次序。
⑴时间顺序：春、夏、秋、冬⑵大小顺序：省、市、县⑶年龄顺序：老、中、青⑷逻辑顺序：继承和发展接近文学和爱好文学⑸语言习惯：男女老少金银铜铁油盐酱醋✓特点4：并列短语一般要求词性相同，但个别也有不同。
例如：姐姐和我（名词＋代词）（二）偏正短语✓特点1、前偏后正：“偏”修饰、限制“正”。
（幸福的约束）⑴定＋中（名、代），如：（祖国）大地（一朵）茶花（前进）的步伐⑵状＋中（动、形），如：[很]好看 [独立]思考 [慢慢]地走✓特点2、旧语法：“的”是定语的标志；“地”是状语的标志。
短语的结构与类型
短语的结构与类型一、导入二、短语的结构词和词可以按照一定的语序或依靠一定的虚词组合起来，是意义上和语法上能够搭配而没有句调的一组词，构成短语（也称词组）。
◆按一定的语序：提醒幸福、纪念白求恩、范进中举等◆借助虚词组合：天上的街市、我的信念、我和鲁迅等❖（理解）1、意义上能够搭配即符合语义关系的要求，一般说符合逻辑。
如“吃月饼”可以，“吃月亮”则不行，除非在神话中。
“骑马”可以，“骑床”则不行。
2、语法上能够搭配如动词不能受数量短语修饰，“一个走”，一般不成立，不符合语法上的要求。
动宾短语，一般是动词+名词，而“跳美丽”不能搭配，“跳绳”当然可以。
3、没有句调因为许多短语加上句调便成为句子。
汉语组成短语的语法手段是词序和虚词。
如，“红花”不同于“花红”；“爸爸的妈妈”不同于“爸爸和妈妈”。
语序和虚词的不同，则短语类型不同，即为不同的短语。
练习：判断下列中加横线的是词还是短语。
门扣钉得太紧，开关都不方便。
（）这电灯的开关坏了。
（）三、短语的类型有“五大类型”，包括并列短语、偏正短语、动宾短语、后补短语、主谓短语5类。
（一）并列短语✓特点1：词和词之间没有轻重主次之分，彼此地位平等。
⑴名＋名文化教育今天或明天（名词短语）⑵动＋动调查研究愿意并实行（动词短语）⑶形＋形光辉灿烂庄严肃穆（形容词短语）⑷代＋代我和他这样那样（名词短语）⑸数量＋数量四面八方千秋万代（名词短语）✓特点2：并列短语一般前后可以互换位置。
例如：工厂农村我你他✓特点3：但有些并列短语是不能前后颠倒位置的，因为它有一定次序。
⑴时间顺序：春、夏、秋、冬⑵大小顺序：省、市、县⑶年龄顺序：老、中、青⑷逻辑顺序：继承和发展接近文学和爱好文学⑸语言习惯：男女老少金银铜铁油盐酱醋✓特点4：并列短语一般要求词性相同，但个别也有不同。
例如：姐姐和我（名词＋代词）（二）偏正短语✓特点1、前偏后正：“偏”修饰、限制“正”。
（幸福的约束）⑴定＋中（名、代），如：（祖国）大地（一朵）茶花（前进）的步伐⑵状＋中（动、形），如：[很]好看 [独立]思考 [慢慢]地走✓特点2、旧语法：“的”是定语的标志；“地”是状语的标志。
七年级下册第二单元重要短语句子默写及答案
七年级下册第二单元重要短语句子默写及答案1.骑车去上学2.步行去上班3.上床睡觉4.早早起床5.十点半6.十一点二十九7.九点差十分8.七点一刻9.七点差一刻10.到达11.到达北京12.你什么时候到的？13.到家14.到这儿15.到那儿16.在那边17.上车18.下车19.找到一份工作20.你的工作是什么？21.你是什么职业？22.你是做什么的？23.做作业24.给某人写信25.收到….的来信26.大约两个小时27.长达两个小时28.好几年29.开始做某事30.开始做某事31.讲故事32.给我/给我们讲故事33.告诉某人做某事34.告诉某人不要做某事35.给你最好的祝福！36.做个调查37.调查结果38.几点了？39.该做某事了40.你通常几点起床？41.我通常六点起床42.告诉某人关于某事43.整天44.整夜45.整日整夜46.爱做某事47.听音乐48.认真听我讲49.赶快回来，马上回来50.刷牙51.我最好的朋友52.忙于做某事53.第一个做某事的54.最后一个做某事的55.在学校上课日56.在平日57.在这组58.在我们组59.在我们队60.从…..到…...61.从礼拜一到礼拜五62.穿上衣服63.给某人穿衣64.自己穿衣65.打扮成66.起床早/晚67.睡觉早/晚68.熬夜很晚69.睡过头70.吃得快71.吃蔬菜72.吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处73.散步74.去散步75.洗个热水澡76.想起77.你认为…...怎么样？78.对…...有好处79.擅长于80.在......方面做得好81.善于处理82.对某人好83.对某人和蔼84.刷牙85.那是个很滑稽的吃早饭时间86.在夜晚87.长达半小时88.长达一个半小时89.打扫房间90.打扫卫生91.或者…...或者…...，不是......就是.....92.很快吃个早餐93.你总是做的事情94.做早饭95.做晚餐96.吃完饭97.一种非常健康的生活98.保持健康99.与…...打架100.不做作业101.总是做某事102.李磊通常什么时候刷牙103.Rick通常什么时候吃早饭104.你妈妈通常什么时候去上班105.她通常7点钟去上班106.他喜欢早早起床107.你爷爷通常什么时候锻炼108.我没有太多时间吃早饭109.从星期一到星期五我很忙110.我五点半放学回家七年级下册Unit 2重点短语句子默写答案1.go to school by bike = ride to school= ride a bike to school2.go to work on foot = walk to work3.go to bed4.get up early5.half past ten6.twenty-nine past eleven7.ten to nine8.a quarter past seven9.a quarter to seven10.get to = arrive at（小地点）/in（大地点）= reach11.arrive in Beijing =get to Beijing =reach Beijing12.When did you arrive?13.get home14.get here15.get there16.over there17.get on18.get off19.find a job20.What's your job？21.What are you ?22.What do you do ?23.do homework或do one’s homework24.write to sb.= write a letter to sb25.receive a letter from =hear from =get a letter from26.around two hours=about two hours27.for two hours28.for years29.start to do sth.30.start doing sth.31.tell a story = tell stories32.tell me / us stories33.tell sb. to do sth.34.tell sb. not to do sth35.Best wishes (to you )!36.do a survey37.the result of the survey38.What time is it ?= What’s the time ?39.It’s time todo sth =It’s time for sth40.What time do you usuallyget up ?41.I usually get up at six o’clock42.tell sb. about sth.43.all day44.all night45.all day and all night46.love to do sth.47.listen to music48.listen to me carefullye back soon50.brush one’s teeth51.my best friend52.be busy doing sth = be busy with sth53.the first one to dosth .54.the last oneto do sth55.on school days56.on weekdays57.in the group58.in our group59.on our team60.from …to …61.from Monday to Friday62.get dressed63.dress sb64.dress oneself65.dress upas66.get up early / late67.go to bed early / late68.stay up late69.sleep late70.eat quickly71.eat vegetables72.Eatingvegetables is good for your health73.take a walk=take walks74.go for a walk75.take a hot shower76.think of77.What do you think of …?=How do you like …?78.be good for79.be good at80.do well in81.be good with82.be good to sb83.be kind to sb.84.brush teeth/ brush one’s teeth85.That’s a funny time for breakfast86.at night87.for half an hour88.forone and a half hours =for one hour and a half89.clean my room90.do some cleaning91.either…or …92.eat a quick breakfast = eat/have breakfast quickly93.something you always do94.cook breakfast = make breakfast95.cook dinner96.after eating97.a very healthy life98.keep healthy = stay healthy= be healthy= keep in good health99.have a fight with sb100.doesn’tdo homework/didn’t do homework101.be always doing102.What time does Li Lei usually exercise?103.What time doesRickusually have breakfast?104. What time does your mother usually go to work?105. She usually goes to work at 7:00106. He likes to get up early.107. What time does your grandpa exercise?？108. I don’t have much time to have breakfast109. I am busy from Monday to Friday110. I come home from school at half past five。
2词语短语句子课后巩固专项训练教师版
词语短语句子知识总结一、词词分为实词和虚词两大类，实词包括名词、动词、形容词、数词、量词和代词，虚词包括副词、介词、连词、助词、叹词、拟声词。
二、短语(一)短语按其结构分类并列短语(联合短语) 偏正短语动宾短语补充短语主谓短语(二)短语按其功能分类名词短语动词短语形容词短语三、句子(一)单句1．句子成分：2.定语+主语+ 状语+谓语+补语+宾语什么或谁怎么样动词的承受者名词或代词动词或形容词符号图示法的主要符号分析举例主语符号：谓语符号：________ 宾语符号：定语符号：()状语符号：[](这些)工人[立刻]修〈好〉了(一座)桥。
(乌鸦)的翅膀[绝]遮〈不住〉(太阳)的光辉。
(这)土地[真]肥沃。
补语符号：〈〉我请他吃饭。
他上街买菜。
(二)复句常见复句类型：并列复句承接复句递进复句选择复句转折复句假设复句条件复句因果复句一、短语训练题（提示：此题按其结构分类）(一) 按要求完成下列各小题。
1．选出下列短语类型完全相同的一项是()A．语文老师感情真挚可爱的中国分外妖娆B．聪明伶俐漂亮美观老师和同学勇敢顽强C．格外清新统筹方法最可爱的人洗洗手绢D．态度严肃主要原因北京立交桥新闻记者【解析】A项，“感情真挚”为主谓，其余为偏正；B项，全是并列短语；C项，“洗洗手绢”为动宾，其余为偏正；D项，“态度严肃”为主谓，其余为偏正。
【答案】 B2．下列短语归类有错误的一项是()A．并列：听说读写思想感情光荣而艰巨轻松愉快B．偏正：新的语法大操场上跟我们学三个桃子C．动宾：复习短语洗白菜擦干净送我一首小诗D．动补：热起来做下去疼得发紫读两遍摆整齐【解析】C项，“擦干净”为动补，其余为动宾。
【答案】 C3．选出下列短语中与“愚公移山”同类结构的一项是()A．大江两岸 B．温故知新C．学习计划D．襟怀坦白【解析】“愚公移山”是主谓短语。
A项，大江两岸(偏正短语)；B项，温故知新(并列短语)；C项，学习计划(偏正短语)；D项，襟怀坦白(主谓短语)。
新概念英语2第22课课后短语练习答案
新概念英语2- 第 22 课 -课后短语练习答案新概念英语二lesson22 课后短语练习答案Page 97-99 Supply the missing words( or, from, in or on).1.I withdrew a lot of money from the bank yesterday.2.I refuse to comment on his work.3.The waiter's tip is included in the bill.4.He congratulated me on having got engaged.5.This warm coat will protect you from the cold.6.Did anything emerge from your discussion?7.I dreamt of you last night.8.You can never rely on him to be punctual.9.Nothing will prevent him from succeeding.10.Are you interested in music?11.I suppose I can count on you for help in this matter?12.Beware of the dog.13.He persisted in asking questions.14.I insist on your telling me the truth.15.It took me a long time to get rid of him.16.Do you mean to say you have never heard of Beethoven?17.I separated them from each other because they were fighting?18.They can only cure him of his illness if they operate on him.19.You can depend on me.20.I haven't accused him of anything, but I suspect him of having taken it.21.Whatever made you think of such a thing?22.We expect a great deal of you, Smith.23.My hands smell of soap.24.They differ from each other so much.25.He invested a lot of money in shipping.26.The film was based on a novel by Dickens.27.Don't lean on that shelf! You'll regret it.28.She often suffers from colds.29.We have embarked on a new house.30.I believe in taking my time.31.Jones was dismissed from the firm.32.They began by experimenting on rats.33.Please concentrate on what you are doing.34.She prides herself on her clean house.35.The climber failed in his attempt to reach the summit.36.Many people escaped from prisons during the last five years.37.We must economize on fuel.38.He's never done any work. He lives on his mother.39.He was employed in a factory before he joined the army.40.Any what does this horrible drink consist of?41.I shall certainly act on your advice.42.Don't write on the desk!6/ 1新概念英语2- 第 22 课 -课后短语练习答案43.You should not boast of your success.44.You must encourage him in his efforts.45.He should be instructed in his duties.46.Two or three people were involved in the accident.47.Children should be prohibited from smoking.48.I can assure you of my support.49.Do you approve of hunting?50.I despair of ever teaching him anything!51.Has this play ever been performed on the stage?52.I warned him of the danger, but he wouldn't listen to me.53.How much have you borrowed from me already?54.He delights in annoying me.译文：1昨天我从银行取了很多钱2我拒绝对他的工作做评价3服务生的小费包含在帐单中4他向我订婚表示祝贺5这件保暖大衣将为你御寒6你们讨论出什么结果了吗？7昨晚我梦见你了。
综合2第五单元重点单词、短语、句子及课后答案
第五单元核心词汇1. sweat n.汗，汗水2. towel n.毛巾，手巾3. grace n. ①优雅，优美；②雅致4. mere adj. 仅仅，只不过5. fantasy n. 幻想，幻觉6. numerous adj. 许多的，很多的7. excitement n. 兴奋，激动8. passion n.热情9. soar vi. 高飞，翱翔10. coincide vi.①一致，符合；②同时发生11. coach n. 教练12. on one/ two/ several occasion(s) 有一（两，几）次13. vain adj. ①虚荣的；②空虚的14. competitor n. 竞争者，对手15. emotion n. 情感，情绪，激情16. be ashamed of 为…感到羞耻17. startle vt. 使吓一跳，使惊奇18. intensity n. 强度，强烈，紧张19. anxiety n. 忧虑，担心20. tension n. 紧张，不安21. along with 连同…一起，与…一道22. stretch out 伸手23. upper adj. 上面的，上部的24. motion n.运动，移动25. bring sb. back to earth使某人回到现实26. in one's mind's eye在想像中，在记忆中27. congratulate vt. 祝贺28. media n. 大众传播媒介29. sponsor n. 赞助者，主办者vt. 赞助核心短语：1. 田径比赛track and field competition2. 俯瞰 a bird’s eye view3. 深呼吸take a deep breath4. 像雄鹰一样翱翔soar like an eagle5. 如出一辙; 不谋而合coincide with6. 每隔一天every other day/on alternate days7. 农场杂活farm chores8. 有一次on one occasion9. 站着on one’s feet10. 没有意识到unaware of11. 仰面躺着lie on one’s back12. 对…惭愧be ashamed of13. 感到… fill one’s mind with…14. 摆脱紧张情绪shake the tension15. 在内心的最深处from the deepest depths of one’s soul16. 在这种时候at a time like this17. 舒展；伸展stretch out18. 缓缓移动in slow motion19. 使…回到现实中bring sb. back to earth20. 想象see in one’s mind’s eye难点句子1.The pole vault is truly the highlight of any track and field competition. It combines the graceof a gymnast with the strength of a body builder.(=撑竿跳高确实是所有田径比赛中最精彩的项目。
高考语文 语法专题：特殊短语课后练习
特殊短语课后练习巩固小练习一、指出下列短语的类型图书馆的下河洗菜去图书馆看书进城看戏请君入瓮放虎归山引人入胜想到的又大又圆阳光灿烂健康长寿接受考验祖孙三代慢一点因为你请她唱歌二、选择题1.下列短语中与“露珠晶莹”结构相同的一项是（）A. 马上出发B. 婆媳俩C. 会议结束D. 高兴起来2. 下列短语中与“按照规定”结构相同的一项是（）A.调查研究B.在雪山上C.首都北京D.损害健康3.下列短语，哪一项是连动短语（）A．站起来就走B.伟大祖国 C.又唱又跳D.唱着跳着4.下列短语，哪一项是兼语短语（）A.下地干活B.买票的C.在火车上D.请他来5.下列短语都属于连动短语的一项是（）A.上山砍柴坐着不动B.去车站接朋友逼他就范C.开门出来留下不走D.排队买票不离不弃参考答案一指出下列短语的类型图书馆的（的字短语）下河洗菜（连动短语）去图书馆看书（连动短语）进城看戏（连动短语）请君入瓮（兼语短语）放虎归山（兼语短语）引人入胜（兼语短语）想到的（的字短语）又大又圆（并列短语）阳光灿烂（主谓短语）健康长寿（并列短语）接受考验（动宾短语）祖孙三代（同位短语）慢一点（补语短语）因为你（介宾短语）二、选择题1.答案C 与题干中的短语都是主谓短语。
A.偏正短语B.同位短语D.补语短语2.答案B 与题干中的短语都是介宾短语。
A.并列短语C.同位短语D.动宾短语3.答案A 。
B.偏正短语C.并列短语D.并列短语4.答案D。
A.连动短语B.的字短语C.介宾短语5.答案A。
都是连动短语B.逼他就范是兼语短语C.留下不走是同位短语D.不离不弃是并列短语。
语文版八年级上-语法知识(二)-短语-结构类型(练习超多)
D 光辉业绩 纷纷议论 美观大方 路途遥远
历史悠久 （主谓） 悠久历史 （偏正） 市场繁荣 （主谓） 市场的繁荣（ 偏正） 我的弟弟 （偏正） 我和弟弟 （联合） 小说散文 （联合） 小说和散文（ 联合）
练习
参照蓝色斜体字，将下面句中画线的部分删 改成两个三字短语，使整段话更加整齐、和谐。
生活中有许多神秘而美好的东西，似乎难以寻觅，
难以理解，难以登堂入室，但只要你有勇气，善于思
有一定次序。
辨析：在联合短语后面打“√”
山青水秀（√ ）
阴晴圆缺（√ ） 庄严肃穆（√ ） 开天辟地（√ ）
有线电视（ ）
糖醋里脊（ ）
广泛征求（ ） 太阳升起（ ） 花港观鱼（ ） 调查研究（√ ） 这样那样（√ ） 绿树成荫（ ）
练习
指出下列短语的结构类型
风俗习惯（ 联合） 历史悠久（ 主谓） 废寝忘食（ 联合） 襟怀坦荡（ 主谓） 销售计划（ 偏正） 风和日丽（ 联合） 禁止吸烟（ 述宾）
百废俱兴 斗志昂扬
指出下列短语的结构
风俗习惯 （联合） 历史悠久 （主谓） 交头接耳 （联合） 废寝忘食 （联合）
全神贯注 （主谓）
挥手之间 （偏正）
竞选州长 （述宾）
色彩缤纷 风和日丽
（主谓） （联合）
禁止吸烟 巍峨挺立
（述宾）
气氛热烈
（偏正） （主谓）
变化规律
（偏正）
变化规律（ 偏正） 整修一新（ 述补） 前程远大（ 主谓） 挥手之间（ 偏正） 色彩缤纷（ 主谓） 激动不已（ 述补） 辛勤耕耘（ 偏 （主谓） 发展经济 （述宾） 描写景物 （述宾） 景物描写 （偏正） 表达见解 （述宾） 表达的见解（ 偏正） 我国文学 （偏正） 我国的文学（ 偏正）
中考英语重点短语和句型,完成句子专项练习(含答案)
中考英语重点短语和句型，完成句子专项练习（含答案）1.学校生活像看电视一样，但是有更少的广告。
Schoollife is like2．在课堂上，尼克尝试又安装了一盏灯。
3.我们一到公园，所有人迫不及待的下车。
4.DIY代表do –it-yourself,当你做DIY工作时，你自己制作、修理或装饰东西。
5.比赛将在周六举行，我们队需要你的支持。
6.她经常主动给我们提供一些帮助。
7. 我表弟对魔术很着迷。
8.王老师建议我们多锻炼保持健康。
9.昨天我们都迫不及待下车看那些模型。
models.10.当我在英语方面有困难时，你愿意帮助我吗？11. 我们所有人都迫不及待地要下车。
12. 这里有一百多个世界各地景点的模型。
13.Andrew尝试安装一个更亮的灯在卧室, 但是他犯了一个错误。
14.有了你的支持, 我们一定会赢得这次比赛。
15.我的好朋友总是仔细聆听我的问题、给我提供帮助。
16.今天早上他等不及想要妈妈给他做的礼物。
morning.17.我们不会感到无聊,因为他有很好的幽默感去使得我们大笑。
18.Jimmy在兴趣爱好上花的时间比我少。
19.桥是用钢建成的, 不是吗?20.爸爸乐意自学如何使用电脑。
昨晚Kitty建议我用胶水把这张卡片粘到门上。
22. ---你能提供我一些工具吗？---当然，但你最好使用时小心一点。
---Of course. But you23. 我的新朋友很有幽默感，并且是我们班最有耐心的。
25. 这些足球迷们为他们最喜欢的队伍加油，有他们的支持，这支足球队最终赢得了比赛。
26.当我难过的时候，Nick 总是能让我大笑。
27.我的书比他的更有趣。
28.她总是面带微笑。
29.我认为说老师坏话是错误的。
30.米莉的香蕉比艾米多，但是果汁比艾米少。
Amy.31. 当他们到达农场时，他们迫不及待地往篮子里装蔬菜。
32. 这里有一百多个世界各地景点的模型。
33.Andrew尝试安装一个更亮的灯，但是他犯了一个错误。
新概念英语2 第22课 课后短语练习答案
新概念英语2-第22课-课后短语练习答案新概念英语二lesson22课后短语练习答案Page 97-99 Supply the missing words( or, from, in or on).1. I withdrew a lot of money from the bank yesterday.2. I refuse to comment on his work.3. The waiter's tip is included in the bill.4. He congratulated me on having got engaged.5. This warm coat will protect you from the cold.6. Did anything emerge from your discussion?7. I dreamt of you last night.8. You can never rely on him to be punctual.9. Nothing will prevent him from succeeding.10. Are you interested in music?11. I suppose I can count on you for help in this matter?12. Beware of the dog.13. He persisted in asking questions.14. I insist on your telling me the truth.15. It took me a long time to get rid of him.16. Do you mean to say you have never heard of Beethoven?17. I separated them from each other because they were fighting?18. They can only cure him of his illness if they operate on him.19. You can depend on me.20. I haven't accused him of anything, but I suspect him of having taken it.21. Whatever made you think of such a thing?22. We expect a great deal of you, Smith.23. My hands smell of soap.24. They differ from each other so much.25. He invested a lot of money in shipping.26. The film was based on a novel by Dickens.27. Don't lean on that shelf! You'll regret it.28. She often suffers from colds.29. We have embarked on a new house.30. I believe in taking my time.31. Jones was dismissed from the firm.32. They began by experimenting on rats.33. Please concentrate on what you are doing.34. She prides herself on her clean house.35. The climber failed in his attempt to reach the summit.36. Many people escaped from prisons during the last five years.37. We must economize on fuel.38. He's never done any work. He lives on his mother.39. He was employed in a factory before he joined the army.40. Any what does this horrible drink consist of?41. I shall certainly act on your advice.42. Don't write on the desk!6/ 1新概念英语2-第22课-课后短语练习答案43. You should not boast of your success.44. You must encourage him in his efforts.45. He should be instructed in his duties.46. Two or three people were involved in the accident.47. Children should be prohibited from smoking.48. I can assure you of my support.49. Do you approve of hunting?50. I despair of ever teaching him anything!51. Has this play ever been performed on the stage?52. I warned him of the danger, but he wouldn't listen to me.53. How much have you borrowed from me already?54. He delights in annoying me.译文：1 昨天我从银行取了很多钱2 我拒绝对他的工作做评价3 服务生的小费包含在帐单中4 他向我订婚表示祝贺5 这件保暖大衣将为你御寒6 你们讨论出什么结果了吗？7 昨晚我梦见你了。
新概念英语2_第46课_课后短语练习答案
新概念英语二lesson46课后短语练习答案《新概念英语》第二册第46课第208页83个词组与to, at, for和with连用的动词与to连用的动词：accustom(ed) to(习惯于)；amount to(达到)；appeal to(呼吁)；apply to /for(适用于)；attach(ed) to(附属于)；attend to(参加)；belong to(属于)；challenge to(向……提出挑战)；compare to /with(比较)；condemn(ed) to(判刑)；confess to(承认)；confine to(限制)；consent to(同意)；convert to(改信(某宗教))；entitle(d) to(享有权利)；listen to(听)；mention to(提到)；object to(反对)；occur to(想到)；prefer to(更喜欢)；react to /against(对……反应)；reply to(回答)；respond to(响应)；see to(注意)；submit to(服从于)；surrender to(向……投降)；turn to(转向)；yield to(屈服)。
e.g. I prefer listening to music to reading newspapers.Will you see to this flower while I’m away?我不在的时候你照看一下这花好吗？I shall see to the dinner tonight. 今晚我做晚饭。
与at连用的动词：amused at/by(对……感到有趣)；arrive at/in(到达)；astonish (ed) at/ by(感到惊愕)；exclaim at(惊叫)；glance at(对……看一眼)；guess at(猜测)；knock at(敲)；look at(看)；point at/to(指向)；shock(ed) at / by(感到震惊)；stare at(盯着……看)；surprise(d) at /by(感到惊讶)；wonder at/about(感到惊异)；work at/on(钻研)。
人教版九年级Unit 8作文和课后练习(教师版)
【书面表达】素材积累一、短语积累1.像往常一样as usual2.令某人吃惊的是to one’s surprise3.查明；弄清find out4.太……而不能……too…to5.要么……要么……either…or…6.属于belong to7.同时at the same time二、句子积累1.它一定是卡拉的。
她喜欢排球。
It must belong to Carla. She loves volleyball.2.你的书包里有些贵重的东西吗？Do you have anything valuable in your schoolbag?3.有一个小女孩正在公园里唱歌。
There is a little girl singing in the park.4.没有人知道接下来会发生什么。
No one knows what will happen next.本节英语课讨论的话题是“Mystery”，你的生活中发生过什么神秘的事情吗？请你根据下面的提示写一篇英语短文，给同学们讲述这件事。
提示：1.上周三是我的生日，放学回家后，家里没有人；2.我发现我的房间很乱；3.分析可能的原因，如小偷闯入；4.后来发现是一只小狗在房间里，这是妈妈给我的生日礼物。
要求：1.不要逐句翻译，可适当发挥；2.词数100左右。
参考词汇：thief 小偷◆ 审题指导1. 人称：第一人称为主2. 时态：一般过去时3. 注意事项：注意使用本单元学到的情态动词might ，could ，must 等。
◆ 思路点拨It was Wednesday. After school, I came home as usual . To my surprise , I found my room was in a messwhen I opened the door. My books were here and there. I didn’t know who did that. Even worse, that day was my birthday.There must be someone visiting my room. I was very angry and decided to find out who did this. I guessed it might be a thief, but other rooms were clean and tidy. Then I thought it could be my little brother, who had played in my room. However, he was too short to open the door . As I wondered, a lovely dog came out. At the same time , my parents came and told me it was my birthday present.I was so happy that I didn’t care about the mess anymore. That birthday present is the best one I’ve ever gotten. 练习题一、单项选择（每小题1分，共10分）( ) 1. When I became an adult, I got to realize that the most unforgettable thing was the ______ memory with my dear teachers and classmates in my school life.A. expensiveB. valuableC. private( ) 2. In the poem, the girl from Britain ______ her thanks to her host family in China.A. hidB. describedC. expressed( ) 3. Tom, a scientist, has done so much ______ research in his field that tons of patients are saved by him.A. medicalB. historicalC. musical( ) 4. When the wolf felt ______ and couldn’t pay attention to us, we finally managed to run away and be safe. A. active B. sleepy C. uneasy( ) 5. —What did the new president of America, Trump, mention in his important speech?—Well, he ______ that to make America strong again is his final dream.A. pointed outB. talked backC. thought back( ) 6. —Let’s go to Stonehenge to spend our winter holiday together.—Great! I hear that it’s one of the greatest ______ around the world.A. purposesB. mysteriesC. inventions( ) 7. —I think teenagers should be educated to respect the heroes in the war.—Yes. And it has become a very important event for the students in our school to ______ heroes in Shuangta Temple in Taiyuan every April.A. honorB. hugC. treat( ) 8. The special suit was invented by a teenager to ______ smoke from spreading to the wearer’s body.A. increaseB. liftC. prevent( ) 9. As we all know, these pioneers are raising money to build several ______ in the Hope School.A. laboratoriesB. societiesC. positions( ) 10. —I’m worried about ______.—The process is more important. Whatever the result is, don’t be too hard on yourself.A. how have I prepared for my final examB. if I can get great grades in the monthly examC. that my school team lost the game because of my fault二. 完形填空（每题2分，共20分）Everyone has got two personalities (性格) —the one that is shown to the world and other that is secret and real. You don’t show your secret personality when you’re awake because you can control __11__, but when you’re asleep, your sleeping __12__ shows the real you. On a normal night, of course, you often __13__ your sleeping positions. The important position that best shows your secret personality is the one that you go to sleep in.If you go to sleep on your back, you’re a very open person. You __14__ trust people and you are easily influenced by fashion or new ideas. You don’t like to make people unhappy, so you never express your real __15__.If you sleep on your stomach, you are a person who likes to __16__ secrets-everyone can trust you. But you worry a lot and you’re always easily becoming sad. You always stick to your own opinions or judgement. Besides, you are always satisfied with your life the way it is. You usually live for today not for tomorrow.If you sleep curled up (蜷缩), you are probably a very __17__ person. It’s not easy for you to be happy. You have low self-esteem of yourself and you don’t normally like meeting people. You prefer to be on our own becauseyou often want to __18__ yourself from being hurt, so you are very defensive.If you sleep on your side, you have usually got a well-balanced (平衡的) personality. You know your strengths and __19__. You’re usually careful. You have a confident personality. You sometimes feel worried, but you don’t often get unhappy. You always say what you think, __20__ it makes people angry.( ) 11. A. yourself B. himself C. herself( ) 12. A. purpose B. influence C. position( ) 13. A. support B. change C. list( ) 14. A. normally B. seldom C. hardly( ) 15. A. victory B. feelings C. safety( ) 16. A. keep B. receive C. spread( ) 17. A. sleepy B. uneasy C. awful( ) 18. A. allow B. request C. protect( ) 19. A. weaknesses B. sadness C. fairness( ) 20. A. because B. even if C. but三. 阅读理解（这一部分共四篇短文，每篇短文后有五个小题，每小题2分，共40分）AThe friendship between humans and dogs possibly began 14,000 years ago. Here are four examples of “a dog’s life” in the human world today.Treated like a queenTiffy is one of these dogs. Her owner, Nancy Lane Loewy, treats her like a queen. She patiently prepares Tiffy’s meals of meat, fish, chicken and different kinds of fresh vegetables. Tiffy also eats yogurt and biscuits after dinner. Ioewy’s husband has a very good job and her two sons are away at university, so she has the time and money to treat Tiffy very well, and she truly enjoys doing it. “I want to give her the healthiest, most wonderful life as long as possible.” she says.Food sniffer dogs (嗅探犬)Food sniffer dogs work at international airports in the United States. Their job is to smell and find illegal (不合法的) fruits, vegetables and other foods in bags and mail. These foods sometimes bring insects and diseases which could be dangerous for plants and animals. The dog calmly sits down next to anything that smells suspicious (可疑的). The dog’s human partner then checks for illegal foods. Sniffer dogs are friendly and cute, so they don’t scare people as they sniff through the crowds. More importantly, these dogs have an astonishing nose for food. They can find food in bags 84％of the time.Animal carersJessie is a whippet (水灵狗) that visits very sick children in hospital. She shows them her love and when they feel down, Jessie makes them happy. Jessie helps patients to stay strong during their time in hospital.Service dogsThere are many different kinds of animals that help people. We train “service dogs” to help people withphysical disabilities. The best known service dogs are guides for the blind. But they can also learn to 23. ______, turn lights on and off, pick up objects from the floor and even pull wheelchairs.Doggie detectives (侦探犬)Search-and-rescue (SAR) dogs use their amazing noses to find people. They can smell tiny clues (线索) that people leave wherever they go. These include bacteria (细菌), small pieces of clothing and hairs. They may find missing hikers and search through rubble (碎石) after earthquakes and other disasters.( ) 21. What food does Tiffy eat?A. Only yogurt and biscuitsB. Anything except vegetablesC. Home-cooked meals( ) 22. What can Food sniffer dogs do?A. They can help disabled people.B. They can smell and find illegal fruits, vegetables and other foods in bags and mail.C. They can perform like a queen.( ) 23. Which of the following is the best expression to fill in the blank in the passage?A. look for missing hikersB. open and close doorsC. do any tasks for people.( ) 24. What kind of dog is the most helpful when a child is lost?A. SAR dogs.B. Whippet dogsC. Sniffer dogs( ) 25. What’s the purpose of the passage?A. To introduce different kinds of food sniffer dogs.B. To tell the readers the importance of protecting animals.C. To show the special relationships between dogs and humans.BA classical guitarist was excited to hear from New York City police that his valuable guitar had been found. 26. ______ Laurence Lennon, 44, said he was running late that day. He was talking to his manager on his cell phone when he dashed out of the taxi. He said that he gave the driver $60 and told him to keep the change.He walked through the front doors of the concert hall, still talking on the phone to his manager. 27. ______ The policewoman asked him for the name of the taxi company, the number of the cab, and the name of the driver. He said that she had to be kidding. She told Lennon that he could file a missing item’s report at the police station or online. 28. ______ She gave it to him and told him that finding the guitar might take a couple of years—finding guitars was not as important as finding murderers and marijuana (大麻) smokers. Then she told him to have a nice day. “This year has been depressing,” said Lennon. “29. ______ I’ve been using borrowed guitars. And I was losing hope of ever recovering my guitar.”Lennon was reunited with his $100,000 musical instrument yesterday. The case and the guitar had been discovered in the corner of a coffee house only two blocks from where Lennon had lost it in the first place. 30. ______ He said he would give the reward to the coffee house owner, who had informed the police.CThe Chinese are very generous when it comes to educating their children. Some parents send their children to the best schools or even abroad to England, the US or Australia, regardless of how much this costs. Many also want their children to take extra-curriculum (课外的) activities where they either learn a musical instrument or ballet, or other classes that will give them a head start in life. The Chinese believe that the more expensive an education is, the better it is. So parents often spend unreasonable amount of money on education. Even poor couples who can’t afford the fee also believe in this.However, what most parents fail to see is that the best education they can give their children is usually very cheap. Parents can see that their children’s skills vary; they will usually be skilled in some areas while poor in others. What most parents fail to realize though, is that today’s children lack (缺少) self-confidence. The problem is that parents are only educating their children on how to take tests and how to study effectively. They are not teaching them the most important skills they need to be confident, happy and clever.Parents can help achieve this by teaching their children practical skills like cooking, sewing and other housework. Teaching a child to cook will improve many of the skills that he will need later in life. Cooking demands patience and time. It is an enjoyable but difficult experience. A good cook always tries to improve his cooking, so he will learn to work hard and gradually finish his job successfully. The result, a well-cooked dinner, will give a child a lot of satisfaction and confidence.An old machine such as a broken radio or TV set that you give your child as a toy may make him curious and arouse his interest. If he will spend hours looking at it, and try to mend it, your child might become an engineer when he grows up. Such activities teach children to think, and to use their minds.31. __________ 32. __________ 33. __________ 34. __________ 35. __________DThis topic is about getting along with your parents or those adults who live with and look after you. These may be parents, grandparents, other family members or life partners of your birth mum or dad.When you went off to kindy (幼儿园) and then school, you spent less time together, you had other people to talk to, play with and learn from. As you get older, you become less dependent on your parents and more dependent on yourself. That’s how it should be. That’s part of growing up.But communication between you and your parents is not any less important. In fact, it becomes more important as you reach your puberty years (青春期). Parents want to know that you are safe and happy, so they ask questions. They want to know about your friends, where you are going, what you are doing, and heaps of other stuff that you may feel they don’t always need to know! Remember that your parents still love and care for you and they are still responsible for you.Communication is very important, although the ways in which you communicate may change. You and your parentsmay need to work out ways to communicate that give you some independence, privacy and the freedom to express yourselves in a positive way.Helpful hint: don’t ask for something when others are there. No one likes to be ‘put on the spot’! You will definitely get into the ‘bad books’. And never ‘play’ one parent against another. You know what I mean: “But dad said I could” or “Mum says it’s OK”. This could mean that you are no longer trusted and it could cause problems between your parents.Dr Kate saysEveryone has many roles to play in their lives. Whatever role you play in the outside world, you can be yourself at home. So can everyone else in your family. Unlike friends, you didn’t choose your family and they didn’t choose you. Learn to get along with each other, respect each other and care for each other. These are the people who will be part of your life forever.36. What does the passage mainly talk about?_______________________________________________________________________________37. According to the passage, when do we communicate more with our parents?_______________________________________________________________________________38. Please translate the underlined sentence into Chinese._______________________________________________________________________________39. What does Dr. Kate tell us to learn?_______________________________________________________________________________40. What do you think of the way you talk with your parents? And how will you talk with your parents after reading this passage?_______________________________________________________________________________四. 词语运用（每小题1分，共10分）请根据语篇内容，用方框内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺，连贯，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上，方框中有两个词为多余选项。
短语课后练习5、6
五、指出下列短语的基本类型，并用从大到小和从小到大的层次分析法分析它们。
矿山建设者的摇篮 1 矿山建设者的摇篮(定中，名词性) ））））不能磨灭的深刻印象 2 不能磨灭的深刻印象(定中，名词性) ）] )] ) ]] )写出更多更好的作品3 写出更多更好的作品（动宾，谓词性）︱〈] ]〈）++ ）] ]︱4分析研究一下材料分析研究一下材料（动宾，谓词性）︱ + 量短〈〈+ 量短︱5谁是最可爱的人谁是最可爱的人（主谓，谓词性）‖]︳））︳] ‖（6动宾，谓词性）6做一个有理想有作为的青年做一个有理想有作为的青年︳量短︳︳）+ 量短））+︳︳）︳7一种新式的炊具电磁炉一种新式的炊具电磁炉= 量短）（同位，名词性）））量短）=8世界珍贵稀有动物熊猫的故乡中国= （同位，名词性））= 世界珍贵稀有动物熊猫的故乡中国）+））+ ）=）=9 划分词类的一个目的是讲述词的用法（主谓，谓词性）‖）︳︳）︳量短）划分词类的一个目的是讲述词的用法︳量短）︳））︳‖10浓浓的长长的眉毛和一双不大不小的眼睛（联合，名词性）+））+ 量短）+] ]浓浓的长长的眉毛和一双不大不小的眼睛+ ）量短] + ]) )+六、多义短语的内部结构和层次划分。
他的哥哥和妹妹的三位朋友 1 他的哥哥和妹妹的三位朋友+ )) ) )热爱人民的军队 2 热爱人民的军队︳ )) ︳三个报社的记者和编辑 3 三个报社的记者和编辑) )) ) +看打乒乓球的小学生 4 看打乒乓球的小学生︳ )) ︳对售货员的意见 5 对售货员的意见介））介照顾孩子的妈妈 6 照顾孩子的妈妈）︳︳）反对用人唯亲的程××7 反对用人唯亲的程××︳））︳讨厌酗酒和赌博的女人8 讨厌酗酒和赌博的女人）︳︳）评分方法：1.共17个题目，每题6分，每一种分析法3分。
总分：6×17=102分。
2.层次划分正确且结构关系正确，该题才能得满分。
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（4）名1/形+的+名2+和+名3
偏正短语或联合短语
重要的书籍和手稿 a、 |__偏__| |____正______|
|__联__| |_合___| b、|_____联_____| |_合___|
|__偏__| |__正__|
（5）动+（了）+数量+的+名
述宾短语或偏正短语
（4）停顿：
车上 / 睡不好 车上睡 / 不好
（主谓） （主谓）
2、利用语义
a、他欠你的钱 他欠你的钱（我来还）。（偏正） 他欠你的钱（不像话）。（主谓）
b、没有买票的 没有买票的（请赶快买票）。 （“的”字短语）
（售三个工学院的学生 （更换量词） 三位工学院的学生
放大（放得/不大） —扩大（*扩得/不大 ）
述宾式：
丢钱（丢了许多钱）—丢脸（*丢了许多脸 ）
主谓式：
花红 （花很/不红） —口红（*口很/不红 ）
（二）短语和句子
1、短语加上语调可以成为句子，前者是 静态单位，后者是动态单位，它们之间 是实现关系。
|_介__词_||_短__语_| b、 |_介__词_||____短__语_____|
|_偏___| |_正___|
（3）名1+和+名2+的+名3
联合短语或偏正短语
老张和老王的儿子 a、 |__联__| |____合_____|
|__偏__||__正__| b、 |_____偏_____| |__正__|
|偏__||_正___| b |__述____| |_宾___|
|_述__| |_补_|
（4） 代+数量1+数量2
简单主语或复杂主语的主谓短语
我们三个一组 a、|__主__||____谓_____|
|__主__||__谓__| b、|____主_____||_谓___|
|__同__||__位__|
五、歧义短语与歧义的消除
可以作两种或两种以上语义理解的 短语，是自然语言中歧义现象的一种。
（一）现代汉语中的歧义现象：
（同音词造成）
她有点jiāo qì。 （骄气/娇气）
口头歧义
歧
他没有lǐ mào。（礼貌/礼帽）
义
（多义词造成）
类
词汇歧义 今天他买了好多菜。(蔬菜/菜肴)
型
书面歧义
语法上 结构关系不同的歧义
5、语义指向不同的歧义
（1）处所词语的指向不同
a、他在果树上打农药 他打农药，农药打在果树上。 他打农药，他在果树上。
b、他在过道口看到了老沈 他看到了老沈，他在过道口。 他看到了老沈，老沈在过道口。 他看到了老沈，两人都在过道口。
（2）副词的指向不同
b、他十二岁就一米五 （指向“十二岁”，言其高） （指向“一米五”，言其矮）
红色的旗帜 —— 红旗 管理家务 —— 管家 珍珠和宝石 —— 珍宝 刀锋锐利 —— 锋利 缩得很小 —— 缩小
（偏正式） （述宾式） （联合式） （主谓式） （述补式）
3、短语与词的区别： 扩展法
偏正式：
白纸 （白的纸） —白菜（*白的菜 ）
联合式：
打骂 （又打又骂） —打击（*又打又击 ）
述补式：
6、语义特征不同的歧义
厂里有一辆车 [+拥有]
厂里有一辆车，（又买了一辆车。） [+存在]
厂里有一辆车，（又来了一辆车。）
（三）歧义的消除
1、利用语音
（1）轻声：
我想起来了
（qǐlái，不睡了） （qǐlai，想到了）
（2）声调：
这个人好说话
（hǎo，容易） （hào，喜好）
（3）重音：
他最喜欢游泳 （最喜欢游泳的是他） 他最喜欢游泳 （最喜欢的项目是游泳）
b、连门卫都没看见 （施事或受事） 连大门都没看见 （受事）
c、小王没找到。（施事或受事） 书没有找到。（受事）
（2）名词和名词的语义关系不同
a、诗人的风度 领属关系：诗人所具有的风度 比喻关系：诗人般的风度
b、教授的父亲 领属关系：教授之父 类属关系：父亲是教授
c、大熊猫的杯子 领属关系：属于大熊猫的杯子 类属关系：有大熊猫图案的杯子
写了两个小时的发言稿 a、 |_述__| |_______宾________|
|___偏____| |___正___| b、 |_____偏______| |___正___|
|_述__| |___补____|
4、语义关系不同的歧义
（1）动词和名词的语义关系不同
比较： a、看望的是小李 （施事或受事） 看望的是病人 （受事）
（2）形/名+名1+名2：
单项修饰语或多项修饰语的偏正短语
新教工宿舍 a、 |_偏__||_____正_____|
|_偏___| |__正___| b、 |___偏_____||__正___|
|_偏__||__正__|
（3）动+形+名
简单述语或复杂述语的述宾短语
招待好朋友 a、 |_述__| |___宾____|
组合歧义
结构层次不同的歧义
(歧义短语) 语义上 语义关系不同的歧义
语义指向不同的歧义
（二）歧义短语类型
1、结构关系不同的歧义 （一般为两项）
（1）动+名 （述宾或偏正）
参考数据 补充材料 红烧鲤鱼 保护动物 译制影片 测试水平
（2）名+名 （联合或偏正）
学生家长 花园楼房 生物历史 奶油面包 人民军队 学校医院
三所工学院的学生
b、中东石油价格
（增添虚词）
中东的石油价格
中东石油的价格
c、发现了敌人的哨兵 （变换格式） 哨兵发现了敌人 敌人的哨兵被发现了
六、短语和词、短语和句子的关系
（一）短语和词
1、短语由词组合而成，它们之间是组合 关系。
灿烂、阳光 义务、植树
灿烂阳光 义务植树
2、短语与合成词的构造大体一致
3、结构层次和结构关系都不同的歧义
（1）动+名1+的+名2
偏正短语或述宾短语
惦记孩子的妈妈 a、|____偏____| |__正__|
|_述___||_宾__| b、|_述___||___宾______|
|_偏___||_正___|
（2）介+名1+的+名2
偏正短语或介词短语
关 于 教 师的小 说 a、 |____偏_____| |__正__|
2、结构层次不同的歧义
（一般为三项或三项以上）
（1） 数量+名1+（的）+名2：
单项修饰语或多项修饰语的偏正短语
三个出版社的编辑 a、 |_偏___| |______正_______|
|__偏_____| |__正___|
b、 |_____偏_______| |_正____| |__偏__| |___正____|