英语笔译实务 3级配套训练 第三单元 英汉翻译的技巧(三) 倍数和翻译
英语三级作文翻译的技巧
英语三级作文翻译的技巧When it comes to translating Chinese compositions for English proficiency tests like the English Level 3 exam, there are several key techniques to keep in mind to ensure accuracy and fluency in your translations. Here are some tips:1. Understanding the Prompt: Before you begin translating, make sure you fully understand the prompt. Identify the main theme or topic of the composition and any specific instructions given.2. Maintaining the Structure: Aim to maintain the structure of the original Chinese composition in your English translation. This includes the introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion. Ensure that your translation flows logically from one point to the next.3. Translating Idioms and Cultural References: Be aware of idiomatic expressions and cultural references used inthe original Chinese composition. When translating these expressions into English, try to find equivalent expressions or explanations that convey the same meaning to English-speaking readers.4. Accuracy in Vocabulary and Grammar: Pay close attention to the vocabulary and grammar used in theoriginal Chinese composition. Translate each word and phrase accurately, and ensure that your English translation adheres to standard grammar rules.5. Maintaining Tone and Style: Consider the tone and style of the original Chinese composition, whether it's formal, informal, persuasive, descriptive, etc. Try to replicate the same tone and style in your English translation to convey the intended message effectively.6. Paraphrasing and Synonyms: Use paraphrasing and synonyms to convey the meaning of complex or unfamiliar words or phrases in the original Chinese composition. This can help improve the readability and clarity of your English translation.7. Proofreading and Editing: After completing your translation, carefully proofread and edit your work to ensure accuracy and coherence. Pay attention to spelling, punctuation, and sentence structure to polish your translation further.8. Practice and Feedback: Practice translating various types of Chinese compositions into English regularly to improve your skills. Seek feedback from teachers, tutors, or peers to identify areas for improvement and refine your translation techniques.By following these techniques and practicing regularly, you can enhance your ability to translate Chinese compositions effectively for English proficiency tests like the English Level 3 exam.。
英语笔译三级实务文章(三)
英语三级笔译实务文章（第三单元）Japan Enters the Era of Smartphones and“Dumb walking”I'm sure I'm going to get hit,but after a few seconds I relax.It's OK.Everyone'sreacting for me.And then I realize there's two people who aren't.They're directly in front of me and they're not moving out of the way.I try moving left,but they do too.I swerve to the right,but they do too.We're stuck.It's so silly I have to look up.I expect to see two dumb walkers just like me.But instead I find a young couple, very much in love and very much refusing to let go of each other's hands just to get around an inconsiderate idiot on his smartphone.The girl gives me a look of such contempt that I quickly apologize and rush round them.That look was enough to ensure I'll never be dumb walking again.19.react：[riˈækt]v.（作出）反应20.swerve:[swɜːv]v.突然转向21.get around：避开22.inconsiderate：[ˌɪnkənˈsɪdərət] adj.不为别人着想的；不体谅别人的。
2021年上半年英语三级笔译(CATTI 3) 实务考试真题及参考译文
2021年上半年英语三级笔译（CATTI 3) 实务考试真题及参考译文Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.Are you having difficulty following diets? Our lives are way more complex than those which allow us to stick to a monotonous restrictive diet.Food psychologist Ridhi Golechha said, "If all of us could follow diets, we'd all have reached our goals. Real-life stresses such as lockdown anxiety, relationship conflicts,workload, financial stresses, exasperating parenting, and so much more directly impact how we feel and by virtue, what we eat. If, on paper, diets were so easy to follow, then we'd all be part of that tiny ten percent of people in the word (athletes, models, or actresses) - who are permanently fit.We all know of those rough days when all we want is to drown our faces in a tub of ice cream or reach out for that melting chocolate cake. "Emotional eating is nothing but eating our emotions. We're all human with emotions and hunger. By that definition, all of us are emotional eaters, we turn to food when we're overwhelmed with anger, sadness, frustration, or any other significant emotion!" explained Ridhi.There's a reason why the butterfly comes back to suck sweet nectar from the flowers, in turn pollinating the rest of the garden. Humans, much like animals, birds,and insects, are hardwired for pleasure. But here's the catch: we humans are afraid of receiving pleasure. Many fear that if they allow themselves to eat a slice of cheesy pizza, they'll be overwhelmed with pleasure, lose control, and end up finishing the whole pizza.We fear this would result in a failed diet, we light gain, and massive guilt, so we avoid it altogether. But it doesn't work."Biology suggests otherwise. Like every other species:homo sapiens were also built for survival. It is pleasure that drives humans to repeat the feel-good behaviour endlessly," explained Ridhi.When does emotional eating become worrisome? "Largely, there's nothing wrong with that. We do eat to manage and cope with our feelings, especially those that don't feel so good because eating itself is so biologically rewarding. It's completely okay ifwe're doing it once in a while, because as I said we're all evolutionary wired to emotional eating. However, if we're constantly depending on food to swallow our difficult emotions and discomforts, leaving us with a feeling of guilt constantly at the end of it, then definitely, we need to work on it," said Ridhi.What can we do to reduce emotional eating? According to Rldhi, the reason we fall diets is that we try to fight biology and suppress our emotions, which only works temporarily. To make long-lasting changes, we must address the root causes of emotional eating. Here are a few tips to get you started:First, don't skip meals. Starving often confuses your biological hunger drives and makes you more vulnerable to eating your emotions. Second, understand the difference between actual physical hunger versus emotional hunger. Third, make a list of the top three emotions you feel weekly and start finding different ways to cope with them. Fourth, talk to an expert. It's better not to ignore your emotional eating since it can later cause health issues like bloating, acid and constipation, etc. Fifth, go for a walk or do something completely different that will take away your urge by distracting you momentarily.Emotional eating is a message that reveals a deeper problem. Understanding yourself and the way you eat can address the root causes and enable you to live a life that is beyond food obsessions and the fear of failing your diets.【参考译文】：你是否很难坚持规律饮食?生活十分复杂，让我们很难坚持单一且有节制的饮食规律。
翻译资格考试英语CATTI 三级笔译实务全真模拟题(附参考译文)
CATTI 三级笔译实务全真模拟题（附参考译文）Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)第一部分：英汉翻译（50分）Translate the following passage into Chinese.①In Aaron Walsh's course on Collaborative Computing at Boston College, students learn how to work in teams to program software. It's not an easy class, but Walsh sees his students only once at the start of the semester. After that, they work in a virtual 3-D world, which Walsh - a former video game programmer - helped design. Logging in via their PCs or laptops, the professor and students interact and work together as digital avatars - just like they would in programs like Second Life, using voice - over - Internet to talk or ask questions. The class is part of a fast - growing movement to apply state - of - the - art computer - game technology to U.S. college learning. Similar experiments have been conducted at Harvard, Amherst and MIT.②Long gone are the days when “online education” meant little more than digitized correspondence courses. Today it features videos and podcasts, blogs and live chats, Webcams and wikis, and online courses are becoming ever more popular. This fall, more than 4 million students in the United States will take at least one course online, says Frank Mayadas, an expert on education technology at the Sloan Foundation in New York. America's biggest online school, the University of Phoenix, has grown from 80,000 students in 2000 to 345,000 students today and is on track to reach 500,000 by 2010.③Already popular with universities, which see such programs a way to boost enrollment and revenue, and with students, who love the flexibility and the lower tuition costs, online learning has gotten another big boost from the high price of gas, Four out of five U.S. college students now commute to campus every day, and admissions officers say fuel costs have helped push up online enrollment by 100 percent at some colleges in the past year.④Many such programs are also shedding their second-class status. Elite U.S.colleges like MIT and Stanford have begun offering a growing number of degrees online, Stanford alone now boasts more than 50 different online master's programs, most of them in engineering and science, which have no physical classroom component but which Stanford claims are just as good as its on-campus offerings. A few schools, like the State University of New York and the University of Illinois, have abolished the separation of online from campus programs entirely, awarding the same degree for both. The next step: allowing students themselves to mix and match campus and online coursework at will.⑤Employers have been slow to catch on; while 83 percent of U.S. hiring managers said in a June survey that online degrees are more accepted today than five years ago, only 35 percent considered them equal to traditional degrees. Indeed, there is no good virtual replacement yet for hands -on study in subjects like physics, biology or anatomy, which require physical contact materials. Some educators are also skeptical, complaining about the for-profit nature of many online programs and the fact that they fail to replicate free-flowing conversations. “You lose something by not having human contact,” says Anita Levy of the American Association of University Professors.⑥Yet other experts argue that Web-based learning is actually closer to students’ future on-the-job realities. “Much business is now conducted online,” says Mayadas. “Education is mimicking the way we conduct business, communicate and exchange ideas today.”⑦The future of online learning, Mayadas says, lies in “blended”programs that combine faculty face time with the flexibility of online teaching. The move to such hybrids will be driven by students questioning why they should sit in lectures taking notes three times a week when they can go once and do the rest at their own pace online. Universities and colleges, for their part, like the fact that mixed programs allow them to cut down on physical classes, saving money and creating space for more students.⑧Blended programs will also go a long way toward meeting the critics who contend that digital learning will never replace the campus experience. By combiningface -to -face interaction with new online options in more powerful ways, these programs should offer the best of both worlds - rendering moot today's debate over whether virtual or in - person degrees are best.【参考译文】①艾伦·沃什在波士顿学院开设的“协同计算”课程教学生如何以团队形式编写软件这门课不简单，但沃什只在每学期开始时见学生一次，之后都在虚拟的3D 世界授课。
英语笔译实务 3级配套训练第三单元英译汉二Developed Countries Remain the Breeding Gound of the Wealthy
英语笔译实务3级配套训练第三单元英译汉（二）Developed Countries Remainthe Breeding Ground of the WealthyThe developed world will remain the breeding ground of the wealthy individuals of the future, according to research published today.Unveiling a prediction on the growth in the number of wealthy individuals over the next decade, Barclays Wealth and the Economist Intelligence Unit said the significance of the emerging markets in Brazil, Russia, India and China –the so-called BRICs economies –as a source of the rich had been “overplayed”.The report predicted that as the number of wealthy people grew across the globe, the vast majority of high net worth individuals, defined as those with investments and savings of over $1m, would continue to come from developed markets.All G7 nations will see the number of high net worth individuals double over the next decade, according to the report. In the UK, Japan and Germany these numbers will more than triple, while Canada will enjoy an almost six-fold increase.The UK and Germany will compete to become the first European G7 country to play host to 1m millionaire households over the next decade.According to the report, Germany will win the race, achieving the landmark in 2016, while the UK will follow in 2017.With property included, the UK emerged as the country with the densest concentration of wealthy households. The report predicted that more than a quarter, 26 percent, of the UK’s 26.5m households would be worth more than $1m by 2016.In terms of wealth per capita, the UK is beaten only by the US. The average person in the UK is predicted to be worth $332,388 by 2016, compared to $333,989 in the US.课文词汇breeding ground 滋生地Barclays Wealth 巴克莱财富研究所the Economist Intelligence Unit 经济学家情报社BRICs “金砖四国”（指巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国）G7 七国集团per capita 人均参考译文发达国家仍将是富人孕育地今天公布的研究报告表明，发达国家仍将是富人的滋生地。
英语倍数句型及其译法
英语倍数句型及其译法英语表示倍数增减或倍数对比的句型多种多样，英汉两语在表述或对比倍数方面存在着语言与思维差异。
接下来，小编给大家准备了英语倍数句型及其译法,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。
英语倍数句型及其译法1.倍数增加(1)A is n times as great(long，much，…)as B.(①)A is n times greater (longer， more，…)than B.(②)A is n times the size (length， amount，…)of B.(③)以上三句都应译为;A的大小(长度，数量，……)是B的n倍[或A 比日大(长，多，……)n-1倍]. 例如：This book is three times as long as (three times longer than，three times the length of )that one，这本书的篇幅是那本书的3倍(即长两倍)。
注：当相比的对象B很明显时，than(as，of)B常被省去。
(2)increase to n times(④)increase n times/n-fold(⑤)increase by n times(⑥)increase by a factor of n(⑦)以上四式均应译为：增加到n倍(或：增加n-1倍)。
例如：The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times as compared with last year。
集成电路的产量比去年增加了两倍。
The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against l986.化肥产量比1986年增加了4倍。
That can increase metabolic rates by two or three times。
英语笔译实务 3级配套训练 第三单元 汉译英(二) 中美经贸合作
英语笔译实务3级配套训练第三单元汉译英（二）中美经贸合作解决中美贸易逆差扩大的现实的办法是，美国进一步扩大对中国的出口。
为此，我们已经以最大的诚意和最大的努力，大幅度增加了对美国农产品和机电产品的进口，并将进一步扩大我所需商品的采购。
同时，我们也希望美国承认中国市场经济国家地位，解除对中国高新技术的出口限制。
在这方面，我们真诚地希望，美国有关方面把那些陈旧观念和做法抛到太平洋去，来一个大胆的与时俱进。
我们对中美经贸合作的前景充满信心。
也许道路是不平坦的，但前途一定是光明。
纵观国际形势，中美两国经贸合作正面临一个难得的重要战略机遇期。
中美在经贸领域相互依存、互利共赢、你中有我、我中有你的格局已经初步形成。
美国的经济已开始复苏。
同时，中国的经济将在今后相当长一个时期内保持良好的发展势头。
课文词汇贸易逆差trade deficit机电产品electro-mechanical products与时俱进keep pace with the times互利共赢mutual benefit and win-win参考译文China-US Economic and Trade CooperationA realistic solution to the increase of US trade deficit with China (solution to US-China trade deficit increase) is for the US to expand its exports to China. We on our part have demonstrated the utmost sincerity and made our greatest effort by substantially increasing imports of farm produce/products and electro-mechanical products from the US, and placing more purchasing orders for needed American commodities. At the same time, we hope the US will recognize that China has the status of a market economy (recognize China’s market economy status), and lift its export restrictions on high-tech products (its restrictions on high-tech product exports). We ardently hope that the relevant US department will make a clean break with those obsolete (out-of-date) concepts and practices, and throw them into the Pacific Ocean so as to boldly advance/keep pace with times.We for on have full confidence in the future of China-US trade and economic cooperation. The road ahead might not be all smooth sailing, but the prospect is surely bright/promising. Internationally, China-US economic partnership faces a (window of)rare strategic opportunity. A pattern featuring economic interdependence, mutual benefit and win-win, a pattern of each having something of the other, is taking shape. The US economy has started its long-awaited rebound. And China’s economy will maintain a sound growth momentum for a considerably long time to come.。
英语笔译实务3级配套训练第三单元英译汉
英语笔译实务3级配套训练第三单元英译汉（一）NY City Seeks to Expand Lower-Cost UnitsThe City Council yesterday approved the first major overhaul of the most popular tax break for apartment building developers, adopting a plan intended to induce them to build tens of thousands of apartments for people other than the wealthy.The changes, which Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg supported and which would go into effect in 2008, significantly increase the areas of the city in which developers who want the tax break must make one out of every five apartments they build affordable to lower-income people. The boundaries of those areas would be reconsidered every two years in light of trends in the housing market.In addition, and for the first time in the 35-year history of the program, those lower-priced apartments would have to be included in each building and could not be built elsewhere in the city. There would be a cap on the size of the tax break given for market-rate apartments, to limit the degree to which the program might be said to subsidize gentrification.The revised program would also include a $400 million trust fund for developing low-and moderately-priced housing, especially in the city’s 15 poorest neighborhoods in the city.Housing officials estimate that the program, which is said to have fueled the construction of 110,000 units since 1971, will generate 20,000 new unitsof lower-priced housing over the first 10 years. The apartments, for rent or sale, will be set aside for low-income New Yorkers.课文词汇City Council 市议会tax break 减税；赋税优惠induce 诱导；诱使Michael 迈克尔Bloomberg 布隆伯格subsidize 补贴gentrification 乡绅化；trust fund 依托基金提高（房屋的品味）moderately 中等程度地fuel 推动；刺激参考译文纽约市大力开发低价住宅昨天纽约市议会批准了一项重大改革，首次调整了对公寓房开发商进行减税的政策，该举措备受欢迎。
2020年下半年英语三级笔译(CATTI 3) 实务考试真题及参考译文
2020年下半年英语三级笔译（CATTI 3) 实务考试真题及参考译文Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.At 51, Cathy wanted to put her Oxford physics degree and former experience to better use. she had worked part-time in a school for several years while her three children were young, but she wanted to get back into the corporate world. Several applications later, she was getting nowhere. Then a friend told her about “returnships”, a form of work experience that some companies are experimenting with to help middle-aged people--mainly women--return to work, often after breaks to care for families.Cathy eventually secured a place on an 11-week“Career returners”program with a company, open to men and women, which included being paired with a 20-year-old male student. He helped to acquaint her with new technology, such as using an iPhone and accessing the company’s virtual network from her laptop so she could work from home but still access internal files.“On the assessment day, I thought they must have been looking at my project management skills. But they weren’t looking at us for specific roles. They were just thinking, ‘these women have a lot to offer, let’s see what they can do.’That was refreshing.” A clutch of companies in the UK and the U.S. have spotted an opportunity in hiring female returnees, who can put to use again technical skills learned earlier in their careers.They believe middle-aged women returning after a break make particularly good employees, because they bring a fresh perspective. Women tend to combine high emotional intelligence with strong leadership and organizational skills. “There is a massive pool of highly skilled people who want to return to work”, says the head of human resources of an engineering company.“Recruitment agencies typically view people who have had two years out as a risk, but we see them as a great opportunity.”In fact, by hiring female returnees,companies can access good skills these women developed in their former high-level jobs--and for a discount. In return,employers coach these middle-aged females back into working life. Through her returnship, Cathy gained a full-time role as an operations data consultant. She still is earning less than she would like to, “but it’s a foot in the door and the salary is up for review in six months,”she says. It is still overwhelmingly women who stay home to care for young children. UK government figures show that women account for around 90 percent of people on career breaks for caring reasons. A lack of middle-aged women working, particularly in high skilled roles, is costing the UK economy £50 billion a year, according to a report. The report found that men over 50 took home nearly two-thirds of the total wages paid out to everyone in that age range in 2015. It blamed the pay gap on the low-skilled, part-time roles middle-aged women often accept. Some 40 percent of women in work in the UK do so part-time, as opposed to only 11 percent of men. This issue is not restricted to the UK. A study last year by economists found “strong evidence of age discrimination in hiring against older women”in a range of white- and blue-collar jobs. The data show that it is harder for middle-aged women to find jobs than it is for middle-aged men, regardless of whether they have taken a break from working.【参考译文】：51岁的凯茜希望更好地利用她的牛津大学物理学学位以及先前的工作经验。
英语笔译实务 3级配套训练 第三单元 主题相关英汉词语_汉译英
adopt the strategy of a multi-outlet market stimulate domestic demand maintain the healthy (good) momentum of growth sustainable development prevent an overheated economy (overheating of the economy) prevent the loss of state assets ease the pressure of unemployment (the employment pressure) avoid a bubble economy (too many bubbles in the economy) separate administrative functions from enterprise management; separate administration from management
扣除通货膨胀因素后的 the annual per-capita income in real terms (allowing for inflation) 人均实际年收入 人均住房 商品房空置的现象 按揭货款 按揭购房 期房 物业管理 住房公积金 经济适用房 廉租房 per-capita housing the vacancy problem in commercial housing mortgage loan buy an apartment on a mortgage forward delivery housing estate management, property management housing provident fund; public accumulation fund for housing; public housing reserve fund affordable apartment; economical housing low-rent housing/apartments
2021年下半年英语三级笔译(CATTI 3) 实务考试真题及参考译文
2021年下半年英语三级笔译（CATTI 3) 实务考试真题及参考译文Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.Some airlines have advised passengers not to lean back in economy class, which has triggered off a debate. Some think that airlines should lock their economy seats from reclining (后倾) permanently and should immediately stop using the phrase "sit back, relax and enjoy the flight". That's an invitation to lean back all the way. But others think that it is the God-given right of passengers to recline. If you click around the internet for a while, you will find that this debate is far from settled.There are several arguments against reclining. First, reclining your airline seat is unacceptable because we're literally out of space. There's no space to recline. Airlines are trying to squeeze more passengers on a plane to make more money. Before airline deregulation, many economy class seats had a generous 36 inches of "pitch", a rough measure of legroom. Today, some seats have as little as 28 inches.Second, it is a moral issue. If you recline your airplane seat, you'll probably end up in someone's lap. A frequent air traveler says, "what do you do if the person in front of you reclines all the way? What if you turn around to discover that a 6-foot-4 passenger seated behind you? Do you eat your meal in your lap while the tray table cuts into your stomach or do you reclines well and crush the legs of the person behind you?" Another traveler says, "seat reclining is one of the most irritating, inconvenient, self-indulgent habits. "You'll invade another passenger's personal space, which might lead to an unfriendly confrontation. So it is rude to recline, and it is wrong. Most folks would rather sacrifice the 2 inches of reclining backward not to have someone siting in their lap for the distance of a fight." I wish all airlines would eliminate the recline function," says a retired Air Force inspector.But if there is no room to recline your airplane seat, and it's wrong, why do so many airlines still allow it? Because if they didn't, it would be an admission that they no longer care about your comfort. Airlines are stacking you into a plane like cargo.Furthermore, the airline industry loves the seat reclining argument because it divides us. And while we're arguing about 2 inches of personal space, they are busy collecting more money from passengers and slowly removing even more room. Whether you think reclining your airline seat is wrong or not, let's agree on one thing: Greedy airlines got us to this point. Fighting over the scraps of space won't fix it. If we ever needed thoughtful government regulation, maybe it is now.Reclining an airline seat is still allowed on most flights. Here's how to deal with someone who leans into your airspace. Ask them to lean forward. Timing and tone are important here.The moment someone leans back, gently tap the person on the shoulder and politely ask them if it would be possible not to recline their seat, or get a flight attendant involved. Some leaner are clever and wait for you to go to the restroom before leaning. Then they feign sleep,which makes you reluctant to bother them. You can always ask a fight attendant for help.【参考译文】：一些航空公司建议经济舱的旅客不要将座椅靠背后倾，由此引发了一场争论。
三倍的英文翻译
三倍的英文翻译三倍的英文翻译三倍的英文：triple参考例句：Atrebleportionofice-cream・三倍分量的冰激凌。
Hiswageistreblemine・他的工资是我的三倍。
Hissalaryistreblemine・他的薪水是我的三倍。
triploidy三倍体Thequalityorconditionofbeingtriple.三倍，三重是三倍或三重的性质或状态Tomakethreefold;triple・乘以三，使成三倍，使增至三倍Travellingattriplethespeed以三倍的速度前进Heismorethanthteetimesasi'ichasl. (=Heisthreetimesricherth anl.)他的财富是我的'三倍还不止。
Thebookisthree-foldthickoftheother.这木书是那木的三倍厚。
Thesupplyoffistgrewfourfoldthere.那里鱼的供应量增加了三倍。
adj.三倍的；三方的n.三倍数；三个一组；三垒安打v.增至三倍threeBasehit;triple三垒打Whatisthetripleoften?十的三倍数是多少？musicintripletimefordancingthelandler.跳兰德勒舞用的三拍子乐曲。
Incryptanalysis, there，satripleofsuccessiveletters.密码分析中有一组三个连续字母。
We' resufferingatrip1ewhammyatthemoment.我们目前正遭受到了接二连三的打击。
CATTI英语笔译实务3级模拟【英译汉 汉译英】讲解
全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语三级《笔译实务》试卷 Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points Translate the following passage into Chinese. Freed by warming, waters once locked beneath ice are gnawing at coastal settlements around the Arctic Circle. In Bykovsky, a village of 457 residents at the tip of a fin-shaped peninsula on Russia’s northeast coast, the shoreline is collapsing, creeping closer and closer to houses and tanks of heating oil, at a rate of 15 to 18 feet, or 5 to 6 meters, a year. Eventually, homes will be lost as more ice melts each summer, and maybe all of Bykovsky, too. “It is practically all ice — permafrost —and it is thawing.” The 4 million Russian people who live north of the Arctic Circle are feeling the effects of warming in many ways. A changing climate presents new opportunities, but it also threatens their environment, the stability of their homes, and, for those whose traditions rely on the ice-bound wilderness, the preservation of their culture. A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. Discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil or liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed for the eager markets of Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by air and water pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry. Coastal erosion is a problem in Alaska as well, forcing the United States to prepare to relocate several Inuit coastal villages at a projected cost of US$100 million or more for each one. Across the Arctic, indigenous tribes with cultural traditions shaped by centuries of living in extremes of cold and ice are noticing changes in weather and wildlife. They are trying to adapt, but it can be confounding. In Finnmark, the northernmost province of Norway, the Arctic landscape unfolds in late winter as an endless snowy plateau, silent but for the cries of the reindeer and the occasional whine of a snowmobile herding them.A changing Arctic is felt there, too, though in another way. “The reindeer are becoming unhappy,” said Issat Eira, a 31-year-old reindeer herder. Few countries rival Norway when it comes to protecting the environment and preserving indigenous customs. Thestate has lavished its oil wealth on the region, and as a result Sami culture has enjoyed something of a renaissance. And yet no amount of government support can convince Eira that his livelihood, intractably entwined with the reindeer, is not about to change. Like a Texas cattleman he keeps the size of his herd secret. But he said warmer temperatures in fall and spring are melting the top layers of snow, which then refreeze as ice, making it harder for his reindeer to dig through to the lichen they eat. “The people who are making the decisions, they are living in the south and they are living in towns,” said Eira, sitting beside a birch fire inside his la vvu, a home made of reindeer hides. “They don’t mark the change of weather. It is only people who live in nature and get resources from nature who mark it.” Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points Translate the following passage into English. 中国为种类繁多的菜肴感到十分自豪。
英语倍数表达法(含练习及答案)
英语倍数表达法(含练习及答案)-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1英语倍数1. This room is three times as big as that one.三倍大；大两倍He earns twice as much as he used to.他比往常多赚二倍的钱。
We've produced twice as much cotton this year as ten years ago.今年的棉花比十年前多了一倍。
2. This room is three times the size of that room.三倍大；大两倍This river is three times the depth of that one.这条河深度是那条河的三倍。
The price of the meat is twice what it was last year.肉价是去年的两倍。
In this workshop the output of July was 3.5 times that of January.七月份的产量是元月份的3.5倍I have five times the number of Tom’s books.我有五倍于汤姆的书。
I’ve paid five times the usual price for the stamp.我出了5倍于往常的价格买这枚邮票。
3.This room is twice bigger than that room.大两倍；三倍大This street is three times wider than that one.这条街比那条街宽三倍。
I am twice older than he.我的年纪比他大两倍。
还可以用over，more than等表示“比……倍还要多”。
例如：He is more than three times as rich as I.他的财富是我的三倍还不止。
英语笔译实务 3级配套训练 第三单元 汉译英(一) 金砖四国
英语笔译实务3级配套训练第三单元汉译英（一）金砖四国近年来，没有哪种比“金砖四国”在商界和政界人士中间更流行了。
“金砖四国”是指巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国这四个正在崛起的庞大经济体。
据认为，这些国家的实力和影响力正在改变世界经济和政治现实。
然而，把这四个国家归入一类掩盖了一个简单的事实：中国和印度的崛起表明力量对比正在发生实实在在的变化，而俄罗斯和巴西经济无足轻重，支撑两国经济的是高昂的自然资源和价格。
这种区别意义重大。
中国、印度与俄罗斯、巴西的根本区别在于，中印两国正在同西方争夺“知识资本”：努力建设一流的大学，对高增值、技术密集型产业进行投资，利用事业有成的海外侨胞在祖国进行创业活动。
例如中国立志建设100所世界一流的大学，重点在于科学技术。
印度是除了美国之外信息技术产业最具活力的国家之一。
中国和印度都面临诸多挑战，但两国都在采取必要措施，以实现可持续的经济增长。
课文词汇金砖四国BRICs增值的value-added技术密集型特technology-intensive; technologically intensive海外侨胞overseas compatriot信息技术产业IT (information technology) industries/sectors创业活动entrepreneurial activity参考译文BRICsFew concepts/ideas/notions have become more and more popular (gained more popularity/currency) among business people and politicians in recent years than the idea (that) of the BRICs –the giant, emerging economies of Brazil, Russia, India and China, whose weight and influence is supposedly changing economic and political realities. Grouping the four, however, covers/obscures a simple fact: While the rise of China and India represents a real change/shift in the power balance, Russia and Brazil are marginal economies (which were) supported (propped up) by high prices of natural resources. This difference has profound implications/significance.The fundamental difference between China and India on the one hand and Russia and Brazil on the other is that the former are competing with the west for “intellectual capital” by seeking to build first-class/first-rate/top-notchuniversities, investing in high, value-added and technologically intensive/technology-intensive industries and utilizing their successful overseas compatriots to generate entrepreneurial activity in the motherland (mother country). Chinese, for example, are committed to developing 100 world-class/world level universities, with a focus on science and engineering. India boasts one of the most dynamic information technology sectors outside the US. Both face challenges but they are taking [the] steps/measures necessary to achieve/generate sustainable economic growth.。
2022年上半年英语三级笔译(CATTI 3) 实务考试真题及参考译文
2022年上半年英语三级笔译（CATTI 3) 实务考试真题及参考译文Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.China launched an unmanned module(核心舱)on Thursday (containing what will become living quarters for three crew on a permanent space station)that it plans to complete by the end of 2022. The module, named "Tianhe", or“Harmony of the Heavens", which will have a lifespan of at least 10 years, was launched on the Long March 5B, China's largest carrier rocket, at 11: 23 am. (0323 GMT) from the Wenchang Space Launch Center on the southern is land of Hainan.Tianhe is one of three main components of what would be China's first self-developed space station, rivaling the only other station in service—the International Space Station (ISS). The ISS is backed by the United States, Russia, Europe, Japan and Canada. It has hosted scientists from over a dozen nations but China has been banned from sending any of its astronauts there. Yet, the fate of the ISS, though in orbit for more than two decades, is now uncertain. The project is set to expire in 2024 without funding from its partners. Russia said this month that it would quit the project from 2025.The Tianhe launch was the first of 11 missions which it will take to construct and outfit the space station with everything it needs in order to host its initial crew. Unlike the International Space Station which can hold six comfortably and up to eight if needed, China's space station will initially be capable of supporting up to three astronauts at once. That number could change dramatically in the future if China decides to further build out the station, add new modules, and new living areas.In the later missions China will launch two other core modules, four manned spacecraft and four cargo spacecraft. At least 12 astronauts of both genders are training to fly to and live in the station, including veterans of previous flights and newcomers. When completed by late 2022, Tianhe is expected to weigh about 66 tons. After years of successful rocket and commercial satellite launches, China put its first astronaut into space in October 2003. It was only the third country to independentlydo so after the former Soviet Union and the United States.Since that Shenzhou-5 mission, China has sent other astronauts into orbit, placed crews on the original Tiangong Station and conducted a space walk. The launch of as pace lab Tiangong-1in 2011 and Tiangong-2 in2016 helped China test the program's space rendezvous and docking capabilities.China plans another mission in 2024 to bring back lunar samples and to land people on the moon and possibly build a scientific base there. No timeline has been proposed for such projects. China aims to become a major space power by 2030. It has ramped its space program with visits to the moon, the launch of an uncrewed probe to Mars and the construction of its own space station. The Chinese space agency has been moving fast in its aim to catch up to the U. S. and Russia in the new space race.【参考译文】：中国计划于2022年底建成一个永久性太空站/空间站。
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英语笔译实务3级配套训练第三单元
英汉翻译的技巧（三）
倍数的翻译
“A比B大5倍”不可译成A is 5 times larger than B，应译成A is 6 times as large as B，或A is 6 times larger than B。
中国学生比较容易理解第一种译法，但对第二种译法往往心存疑虑，其实这两种译法的语义是相同的。
在英语中如使times，就不存在”比……大几倍“的语义，只有”是……几倍“的语义。
即使添加by，说成A has increased by three times，其语义与A has increased 3 times相同，都是指A增加了两倍。
对于仍心存疑惑的学生，我们再补充论证一下：你可能听到过、读到过increase two/three/four times，但你不可能见我过increase one time 或increase 1.5 times。
可见increase two times已经是最小值了，也即增加一倍。
关于倍数的用法，我们对学生的建议是：从理解的角度上应把A is 8 times as high as B与A is 8 times higher than B视为意义相同的表达法。
但从写、说的角度来看，最好使用以上第一种句型，不要使用第二种句型，因为在全世界，除了英美等英语国家，还有许多国家都在使用英语。
各国人对第二钟句型的理解可能有所不同，如使用第一钟句型便可避免麻烦。
至于increase two times可能造成的混乱（有些人可能误以为是增加了两次），可改用百分比来得到澄清。
有趣的是，increase two times
不是相当于increase 200%, 而是相当于increase 100%。
百分比所表达的不是”是原来的百分之几”，而是”增加了百分之几“。
为什么百分比与times有这么大的区别？因为times的最小数已是two times，不存在one time；而在百分比中，可说increase 100%，甚至可说increase 50%。
如果increase 200% 仅指increase two times, 那么increase 100% 似乎应指未增加，increase 50%则应是减少，这明显是荒唐的。
总之，如使用百分比，便表达了汉语的“增加了百分之几”的概念。
顺便指出，-fold所表达的概念与times相同。
例如，a seven-fold increase等于increase seven times或increase 600%。