历年英语四级真题
大学英语四级考试真题及答案(三套全)
2017年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案（第一套）Part I Writing （25 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short easy on how to besthandle the relationship between doctors and patients. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension （25 minutes）Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) Her friend Erika. C) Her grandfather.B) Her little brother. D) Her grandmother.2. A) By taking pictures for passers-by. C) By selling lemonade and pictures.B) By working part time at a hospital. D) By asking for help on social media.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) Finding cheaper ways of highway construction.B) Generating electric power for passing vehicles.C) Providing clean energy to five million people.D) Testing the efficiency of the new solar panel.4. A) They can stand the wear and tear of natural elements.B) They can be laid right on top of existing highways.C) They are only about half an inch thick.D) They are made from cheap materials.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Endless fighting in the region. C) Inadequate funding for research.B) The hazards from the desert. D) The lack of clues about the species.6. A) To observe the wildlife in the two national parks.B) To identify the reasons for the lions’ disappearance.C) To study the habitat of lions in Sudan and Ethiopia.D) To find evidence of the existence of the “lost lions”.7. A) Lions walking. C) Some camping facilities.B) Lions’ tracks. D) Traps set by local hunters.Section BDirections：In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) Her ‘lucky birthday’. C) Her wedding anniversary.B) A call from her dad. D) A special gift from the man.9. A) Gave her a big model plane. C) Took her on a trip overseas.B) Bought her a good necklace. D) Threw her a surprise party.10. A) The gift her husband has bought.B) The trip her husband has planned.C) What has been troubling her husband.D) What her husband and the man are up to.11. A) He will be glad to be a guide for the couple’s holiday trip.B) He will tell the women the secret if her husband agrees.C) He is eager to learn how the couple’s holiday turns out.D) He wants to find out about the couple’s holiday plan.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) They are sensitive to the dynamics of a negotiation.B) They see the importance of making compromises.C) They know when to adopt a tough attitude.D) They take the rival’s attitude into account.13. A) They know how to adapt. C) They know when to make compromises.B) They know when to stop. D) They know how to control their emotion.14. A) They are patient. C) They learn quickly.B) They are good at expression. D) They uphold their principles.15. A) Make clear one's intentions. C) Formulate one's strategy.B) Clarify items of negotiation. D) Get to know the other side.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you willhear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) When America's earliest space program started.B) When the International Space Station was built.C) How many space shuttle missions there will be.D) How space research benefits people on Earth.17. A) They accurately calculated the speed of the orbiting shuttles.B) They developed objects for astronauts to use in outer space.C) They tried to meet astronauts' specific requirements.D) They tried to make best use of the latest technology.18. A) They are extremely accurate. C) They were first made in space.B) They are expensive to make. D) They were invented in the 1970s.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) It was when her ancestors came to America.B) People had plenty of land to cultivate then.C) It marked the beginning of something new.D) Everything was natural and genuine then.20. A) They believed in working for goals. C) They had all kinds of entertainment.B) They enjoyed living a living a life of ease. D) They were known to be creative.21. A) Chatting with her ancestors. C) Polishing all the silver work.B) Furnishing her country house. D) Doing needlework by the fire.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) Use a map to identify your location. C) Sit down and try to calm yourself.B) Call your family or friends for help. D) Try to follow your footprints back.23. A) You may find a way out without your knowing it.B) You may expose yourself to unexpected dangers.C) You may get drowned in a sudden flood.D) You may end up entering a wonderland.24. A) Look for food. C) Start a fire.B) Wait patiently. D) Walk uphill.25. A) Inform somebody of your plan. C) Check the local weather.B) Prepare enough food and drink. D) Find a map and a compass.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes )Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.A rat or pigeon might not be the obvious choice to tend to someone who is sick, but these creatures have some 26 skills that could help the treatment of human diseases.Pigeons are often seen as dirty birds and an urban 27 , but they are just the latest in a long line of animals that have been found to have abilities to help humans. Despite having a brain no bigger than the 28 of your index finger, pigeons have a very impressive 29__ memory. Recently it was shown that they could be trained to be as accurate as humans at detecting breast cancer in images.Rats are often 30 with spreading disease rather than 31 it, but this long-tailed animal is highly 32 . Inside a rat's nose are up to 1,000 different types of olfactory receptors （嗅觉感受器）, whereas humans only have 100 to 200 types. This gives rats the ability to detect __33 smells. As a result, some rats are being put to work to detect TB（肺结核）. When the rats detect the smell, they stop and rub their legs to 34 a sample is infected.Traditionally, a hundred samples would take lab technicians more than two days to 35 , but for a rat it takes less than 20 minutes. This rat detection method doesn't rely on specialist equipment. It is also more accurate — the rats are able to find more TB infections and, therefore, save more lives.A) associated I) slightB) examine J) specifyC) indicate K) superiorD) nuisance L) suspiciousE) peak M) tipF) preventing N) treatedG) prohibiting O) visualH) sensitiveSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Do In-Class Exams Make Students Study Harder?Research suggests they may study more broadly for the unexpected rather than search for answers.[A] I have always been a poor test-taker. So it may seem rather strange that I have returned to college to finish the degree I left undone some four decades ago. I am making my way through Columbia University, surrounded by students who quickly supply the verbal answer while I am still processing the question.[B] Since there is no way for me to avoid exams, I am currently questioning what kind are the most taxing and ultimately beneficial. I have already sweated through numerous in-class midterms and finals, and now I have a professor who issuestake-home ones. I was excited when I learned this, figuring I had a full week to do the research, read the texts, and write it all up. In fact, I was still rewriting my midterm the morning it was due. To say I had lost the thread is putting it mildly.[C] As I was suffering through my week of anxiety, overthinking the material and guessing my grasp of it, I did some of my own polling among students and professors. David Eisenbach, who teaches a popular class on U.S. presidents at Columbia, prefers the in-class variety. He believes students ultimately learn more and encourages them to form study groups. “That way they socialize over history outside the class, which wouldn’t happen without the pressure of an in-class exam,” he explained,“Furthermore, in-class exams force students to learn how to perform under pressure, and essential work skill.”[D] He also says there is less chance of cheating with the in-class variety. In 2012, 125 students at Harvard were caught up in a scandal when it was discovered they had cheated on a take-home exam for a class entitled “Introduction To Congress.”Some colleges have what they call an “honor code,” though if you are smart enough to get into these schools, you are either smart enough to get around any codes or hopefully, too ethical to consider doing so. As I sat blocked and clueless for two solid days, I momentarily wondered if I couldn’t just call an expert on the subject matter which I was tackling, or someone who took the class previously, to get me going.[E] Following the Harvard scandal, Mary Miller, the former dean of students at Yale, made an impassioned appeal to her school’s professors to refrain fromtake-hone exams. “Students risk health and well being, as well as performance in other end-of-term work, when faculty offers take-home exams without clear,time-limited boundaries,” she told me. “Research now shows that regular quizzes, short essays, and other assignments over the course of a term better enhance learning and retention.”[F] Most college professors agree the kind of exam they choose largely depends on the subject. A quantitative-based one, for example, is unlikely to be sent home, where one could ask their older brothers and sisters to help. Vocational-type classes, such as computer science or journalism, on the other hand, are often more research-oriented and lend themselves to take-home testing. Chris Koch, who teaches “History of Broadcast Journalism” at Montgomery Community College in Rockville, Maryland, points out that reporting is about investigation rather than the memorization of minute details. “In my field, it’s not what you know—it’s what you know how to find out,” says Koch. “There is way too much information, and more coming all the time, for anyone to remember. I want my students to search out the answers to questions by using all the resources available to them.[G] Students’ test-form preferences vary, too, often depending on the subject and course difficulty. “I prefer take-home essays because it is then really about the writing, so you have time to edit and do more research,” says Elizabeth Dresser, a junior at Barnard. Then there is the stress factor. Francesca Haass, a senior at Middlebury, says, “I find the in-class ones are more stressful in the short term, butthere is immediate relief as you swallow information like mad, and then you get to forget it all. Take-homes require thoughtful engagement which can lead to longer term stress as there is never a moment when the time is up.” Meanwhile, Olivia Rubin, a sophomore at Emory, says she hardly even considers take-homes true exams. “If you understand the material and have the ability to articulate (说出) your thoughts, they should be a breeze.”[H] How students ultimately handle stress may depend on their personaltest-taking abilities. There are people who always wait until the last minute, and make it much harder than it needs to be. And then there those who, not knowing what questions are coming at them, and having no resources to refer to, can freeze. And then there are we rare folks who fit both those descriptions.[I] Yes, my advanced age must factor into the equation (等式), in part because of my inability toaccess the information as quickly. As another returning student at Columbia, Kate Marber, toldme, “We are learning not only all this information, but essentially how to learn again. Ourfellow students have just come out of high school. A lot has changed since we were last inschool.”[J] If nothing else, the situation has given my college son and me something to share, When Iasked his opinion on this matter, he responded, “I like in-class exams because the time isalready reserved, as opposed to using my free time at home to work on a test,”he responded.It seems to me that a compromise would be receiving the exam questions a day or two inadvance, and then doing the actual test in class the ticking clock overhead.[K] Better yet, how about what one Hunter College professor reportedly did recently for her finalexam: She encouraged the class not to stress or even study, promising that, “It is going to be apiece of cake.” When the students came in, sharpened pencils in hand, there was not a bluebook in sight. Rather, they saw a large chocolate cake and they each were givena slice.36. Elderly students find it hard to keep up with the rapid changes in education.37. Some believe take-home exams may affect students' performance in other courses.38. Certain professors believe in-class exams are ultimately more helpful to students.39. In-class exams are believed to discourage cheating in exams.40. The author was happy to learn she could do some exams at home.41. Students who put off their work until the last moment often find the exams more difficult thanthey actually are.42. Different students may prefer different types of exams.43. Most professors agree whether to give an in-class or a take-home exam depends on type ofcourse being taught.44. The author dropped out of college some forty years ago.45. Some students think take-home exams will eat up their free time.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings is a phenomenon known as the “first-night” effect. If a person stays in the same room the following night they tend to sleep more soundly. Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown University set out to investigate the origins of this effect.Dr. Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved. The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it whenperformance might be affected the following day. She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators (捕食者). This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing. To take a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the university’s Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity of their brains. Dr. Sasaki found, as expected, the participants slept less well on their first night than they did on their second, taking more than twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping less overall. During deep sleep, the participants’ brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins. On the first night only, the left hemispheres (半球) of their brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres did.Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that, if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found.46. What did researchers find puzzling about the first-night effect?A) To what extent it can trouble people. C) What circumstances may trigger it.B) What role it has played in evolution. D) In what way it can be beneficial.47. What do we learn about Dr. Yuka Sasaki doing her research?A) She found birds and dolphins remain alert while asleep.B) She found birds and dolphins sleep in much the same way.C) She got some idea from previous studies on birds and dolphinsD) She conducted studies on birds’ and dolphins’ sleeping patterns.48. What did Dr. Sasaki do when she first did her experiment?A) She monitored the brain activity of participants sleeping in a new environment.B) She recruited 35 participants from her Department of Psychological Sciences.C) She studied the differences between the two sides of participants’ brains.D) She tested her findings about birds and dolphins on human subjects.49. What did Dr. Sasaki do when re-running her experiment?A) She analyzed the negative effect of irregular tones on brains.B) She recorded participants’ adaptation to changed environment.C) She exposed her participants to two different stimuli.D) She compared the responses of different participants.50. What did Dr. Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment?A) They tended to enjoy certain tones more than others.B) They tended to perceive irregular beeps as a threat.C) They felt sleepy when exposed to regular beeps.D) They differed in their tolerance of irregular tones.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.It’s time to reevaluate how women handle conflict at work. Being overworked or over-committed at home and on the job will not get you where you want to be in life. It will only slow you down and hinder your career goals.Did you know women are more likely than men to feel exhausted? Nearly twice as many women than men ages 18-44 reported feeling “very tired” or “exhausted”, according to a recent study.This may not be surprising given that this is the age range when women have children. It's also the age range when many women are trying to balance careers and home. One reason women may feel exhausted is that they have a hard time saying "no." Women want to be able todo it all volunteer for school parties or cook delicious meals-and so their answer to any request is often “Yes, I can.”Women struggle to say “no” in the workplace for similar reasons, including the desire to be liked by their colleagues. Unfortunately, this inability to say "no" may be hurting women's heath as well as their career.At the workplace, men use conflict as a way to position themselves, while women often avoid conflict or strive to be the peacemaker, because they don't want to be viewed as aggressive or disruptive at work. For example, there’s a problem that needs to be addressed immediately, resulting in a dispute over should be the one to fix it. Men are more likely to face that dispute from the perspective of what benefitsthem most, whereas women may approach the same dispute from the perspective of what's the easiest and quickest way to resolve the problem-evenif that means doing the boring work themselves.This difference in handling conflict could be the deciding factor on who gets promoted to a leadership position and who does not. Leaders have to be able to delegate and manage resources wisely – including staff expertise. Shouldering more of the workload may not earn you that promotion. Instead, it may highlight your inability to delegate effectively.51. What does the author say is the problem with women?A) They are often unclear about the career goals to reach.B) They are usually more committed at home than on the job.C) They tend to be over-optimistic about how far they could go.D) They tend to push themselves beyond the limits of their ability.52. Why do working women of child-bearing age tend to feel drained of energy?A) They struggle to satisfy the demands of both work and home.B) They are too devoted to work and unable to relax as a result.C) They do their best to cooperate with their workmates.D) They are obliged to take up too many responsibilities.53. What may hinder the future prospects of career women?A) Their unwillingness to say “no”.B) Their desire to be considered powerful.C) An underestimate of their own ability.D) A lack of courage to face challenges.54. Men and woman differ in their approach to resolving workplace conflicts in that______.A) women tend to be easily satisfiedB) men are generally more persuasiveC) men tend to put their personal interests firstD) women are much more ready to compromise55. What is important to a good leader?A) A dominant personality. C) The courage to admit failureB) The ability to delegate. D) A strong sense of responsibility.Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.华山位于华阴市，据西安120公里。
英语四级真题试卷及答案
英语四级真题试卷及答案第一部分：听力（共四节，20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分）Section A1. C2. B3. A4. C5. ASection B6. C7. A8. B9. B10. ASection C11. B12. C13. A14. CSection D16. A17. B18. A19. C20. B第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，共40分）Passage One21. D22. C23. B24. A25. DPassage Two26. C27. B28. D29. APassage Three31. D32. A33. B34. A35. CPassage Four36. D37. B38. C39. A40. D第三部分：完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分）41. B42. D43. A44. C45. B47. A48. C49. D50. B51. C52. A53. D54. B55. A56. C57. D58. B59. A60. C第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）Part I：短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）61. their - his/her62. busy - busier63. visit - visited64. spent - spend65. more - most66. in - on67. What - How68. quickly - quick69. time - times70. beautifully - beautifulPart II：写作（满分30分）范文如下：The Importance of English LearningNowadays, English has become a global language and the ability to speak English has become a necessary skill for individuals in both personal and professional aspects. In order to meet the demands of the English language, the English four-level examination is widely recognized.English learning provides numerous benefits for individuals. Firstly, it expands the horizon of an individual and allows for a greater appreciation of different cultures. With English proficiency, one can communicate with people from different countries, thus broadening their perspectives on the world. Additionally, English is the dominant language in various fields such as business, science, and technology. By mastering English, individuals canenhance their career prospects and have better opportunities for advancement.Moreover, English learning offers personal development. It improves one's critical thinking skills and enhances cognitive abilities. Through reading English literature or writing essays, individuals can develop a logical and analytical mindset, which is beneficial in various aspects of life. English also provides a means of self-expression and creativity, allowing individuals to express their thoughts and ideas effectively.To succeed in the English four-level examination, it is crucial to have a systematic approach to learning. Regular practice of listening, speaking, reading, and writing is essential. Engaging in English conversations, watching English movies, and reading English books are effective ways to improve language proficiency. It is also beneficial to participate in language exchange activities or join English-speaking clubs to practice speaking skills with native speakers.In conclusion, the English four-level examination plays a significant role in assessing English proficiency and is an important tool for individuals in their personal and professional development. English learning offers numerous advantages and should be taken seriously. With dedication and continuous practice, individuals can enhance their English skills and open doors to a wider world of opportunities.。
大学英语四级考试真题及答案(完整版)
大学英语四级考试真题及答案(绝对完整）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a shortessay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should writeat least 120 words following the outline given bellow:1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？2. 也会带来一些问题3. 你的看法？Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go overthe passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. Forquestions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the informationgiven in the passage.How Do You See Diversity?As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for someof the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed thatthe candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhatdisappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but thefact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so shedecided to offer the job to her second choice.“It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized theperson we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. Whatshe hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s“different”behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-Americanraised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown byaverting(避开) your eyes.“I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it wascultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss thatopportunity again.”Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive asdifferent. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse,it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and toreexamine some of our false assumptions .Hire AdvantageAt a time when hiring qualified people is becoming moredifficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from theprocess have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helpsorganizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estaterecruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference suchtraining can make .“During my Mindsets coaching session ,I was taught how to recruit a diversified workforce. I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets .The agents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company .When the real estate market began to change, it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to stay in the real estate market much longer than others in the same profession.”Blinded by GenderDale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops onsu pervising a diverse workforce . “Through one of the sessions ,I discovered my personal bias ,” he recalls . “I learned I had not been looking at a person as a whole person , and being open to differences .” In his case , the blindness was not about culture but rather gender.“I had a management position open in my department ;and the two finalists were a man and a woman . Had I not attended this workshop , I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel . My reasoning would have been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in the position , I assumed the woman would have wanted to be home with her children and not travel .”Dale’s assumptions are another example of the well-intentioned but incorrect thinking that limits an organization’s ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce.“I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation , I needed to present the full range of duties, responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allow them to make an informed decision .” Dale credits the workshop , “because it helped me make decisions based on fairness .”Year of the Know-It-AllDoug is another supervisor who attended one of my workshops .He recalls a major lesson learned from his own employee.“One of my most embarrassing moments was when I had a Chinese-American employee put in a request to take time off to celebrate Chinese New Year . In my ignorance , I assumed he had his dates wrong , as the first of January had just passed . When I advised him of this , I gave him a long talking-to about turning in requests early with the proper dates .“He pati ently waited , then when I was done , he said he would like Chinese New Year did not begin January first , and that Chinese New Year ,which is tied to the lunar cycle ,is one of the most celebrated holidays on theChinese calendar . Needless to say , I felt very embarrassed in assuminghe had his dates mixed up . But I learned a great deal about assumptions ,and that the timing of holidays varies considerably from culture toculture .“Attending the diversity workshop helped me realize how much I couldlearn by simply asking questions and creating dialogues with my employees ,rather than making assumptions and trying to be a know-it-all ,” Dougadmits . “The biggest thing I took away from the workshop is learninghow to be more ‘inclusive’ to differences.A better Bottom LineAn open mind about diversity not only improves organizationsinternally , it is profitable as well . These comments from a customerservice representative show how an inclusive attitude can improvesales .”Most of my customers speak English as a second language . Oneof the best things my company has done is to contract with a languageservice that offers translations over the phone . It wasn’t until my bossreceived Mindsets’ training that she was able to understand how importantinclusiveness was to customer service . As result , our customer base hasincreased .”Once we start to see people as individuals . and discard thestereotypes , we can move positively toward inclusiveness for everyone .Diversity is about coming together and taking advantage of our differencesand similarities . It is about building better communities andorganizations that enhance us as individuals and reinforce our sharedhumanity .When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think wehave learned from our past , from the media, peers , family , friends ,etc , we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed(有缺陷的) or contrary to our fundamental values . We need to train our-selvesto think differently , shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opensdoors for all of us ,creating opportunities in organizations andcommunities that benefit everyone.1. What bothered Tiffany during an interview with her candidate?A) He just wouldn’t look her in the eye.B) He was slow in answering her questions.C) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.D) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.2. Tiffany’s misjudgment about the candidate stemmed from _____.A) Racial stereotypes. C) Racial stereotypes.B) Invalid personal bias . D) Emphasis on physical appearance3. What is becoming essential in the course of economic globalizationaccording to the author?A) Hiring qualified technical and management personnel.B) Increasing understanding of people of other cultures.C) Constantly updating knowledge and equipment.D) Expanding domestic and international markets.4. What kind of organization is Mindsets LLC?A) A real estate agency. C) A cultural exchange organization.B) A personnel training company. D) A hi-tech company5. After one of the workshops ,account executive Dale realized that _____.A) He had hired the wrong person.B) He could have done more for his company.C) He had not managed his workforce well.D) He must get rid of his gender bias.6. What did Dale think of Mindsets LLC’s workshop?A) It was well-intentioned but poorly conducted.B) It tapped into the executives’ full potential.C) It helped him make fair decisions.D) It met participants’ di verse needs.7. How did Doug, a supervisor, respond to a Chinese-American employee’srequest for leave?A) He told him to get the dates right. C)He flatly turned it downB) He demanded an explanation. D)He readily approved it.8. Doug felt _____ when he realized that his assumption was wrong.9. After attending Mindsets’ workshops, the participants came to knowthe importance of _____ to their business.10. When we view people as individuals and get rid of stereotypes , wecan achieve diversity and benefit from the _____ between us.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 Minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questionswill be asked about what was said .Both the conversation and the questionswill be spoken only once .After each question there will be a pause .During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C) and D),and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) She expected more people at her party.B) She enjoys entertaining small children .C) She threw a surprise party for her friendD) She has always enjoyed great popularity.12. A) They are not used to living in a cold place.B) They feel lucky to live in Florida.C) They are going to have a holiday.D) They have not booked their air tickets yet.13. A) He was pleased to get the medal. C) He used to be a firefighter.(B) He was very courageous. D) He was accused of causing a fire.14。
历年英语四级真题及答案(完整版)
大学英语四级真题Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Online Shopping. You should write at least 120 wordsfollowing the outline given below:1．现在网上购物已成为一种时尚2．网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题3．我的建议Online Shopping注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Forquestions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given inthe passage.British Cuisine: the Best of Old and NewBritish cuisine (烹饪) has come of age in r ecent years as chefs (厨师) combine the best of old and new.Why does British food have a reputation for being so bad? Because it is bad! Those are not the most encouraging words to hear just before eating lunch at one of Hong Kong's smartest British restaurants, Alfie's by KEE, but head chef Neil Tomes has more to say."The past 15 years or so have been a noticeable period of improvement for food in England," the English chef says, citing the trend in British cuisine for better ingredients, preparation and cooking methods, and more appealing presentation. Chefs such as Delia Smith, Nigel Slater, Jamie Oliver and Gordon Ramsay made the public realise that cooking - and eating - didn't have to be a boring thing. And now, most of the British public is familiar even with the extremes of Heston BlumenthaPs molecular gastronomy, a form of cooking that employs scientific methods to create the perfect dish."It's no longer the case that the common man in England is embarrassed to show he knows about food," Tomes says.There was plenty of room for improvement. The problems with the nation's cuisine can be traced back to the Second W orld W ar. Before the W ar, much of Britain's food was imported and when German U-boats began attacking ships bringing food to the country, Britain went on rations (配给)."As rationing came to an end in the 1950s, technology picked up and was used to mass-produce food," T omes says. "And by then people were just happy to have a decent quantity of food in their kitchens."They weren't looking for cured meats, organic produce or beautiful presentation; they were looking for whatever they could get their hands on, and this prioritisation of quantity over quality prevailed for decades, meaning a generation was brought up with food that couldn't compete with neighbouring France, Italy, Belgium or Spain.Before star chefs such as Oliver began making cooking fashionable, it was hard to find a restaurant in London that was open after 9pm. But in recent years the capital's culinary (烹饪的) scene has developed to the point that it is now confident of its ability to please the tastes of any international visitor.With the opening of Alfie's in April, and others such as The Pawn, two years ago, modern British food has made its way to Hong Kong. "With British food, I think that Hong Kong restaurants are keeping up," says David T amlyn, the W elsh executive chef at The Pawn in W an Chai. "Hong Kong diners are extremely responsive to new ideas or presentations, which is good news for new dishes."Chefs agree that diners in Hong Kong are embracing the modern British trend. Some restaurants are modifying the recipes (菜谱) of British dishes to breathe new life1into the classics, while others are using better quality ingredients but remaining true to British traditions and tastes.T amlyn is in the second camp. "W e select our food very particularly. W e use US beef, New Zealand lamb and for our custards (牛奶蛋糊)we use Bird's Custard Powder," Tamlyn says. "Some restaurants go for custard made fresh with eggs, sugar and cream, but British custard is different, and we stay true to that."Matthew Hill, senior manager at the two-year-old SoHo restaurant Y orkshire Pudding, also uses better ingredients as a means of improving dishes. "There are a lot of existing perceptions about British food and so we can't alter these too much. W e're a traditional British restaurant so there are some staples (主菜) that will remain essentially unchanged."These traditional dishes include fish and chips, steak and kidney pie and large pieces of roasted meats. At Alfie's, the newest of the British restaurants in town and perhaps the most gentlemen's club-like in design, Neil T omes explains his passion for provenance (原产地)."Britain has started to become really proud of the food it's producing. It has excellent organic farms, beautifully crafted cheeses, high-quality meats."However, the British don't have a history of exporting their foodstuffs, which makes it difficult for restaurants in Hong Kong to source authentic ingredients."W e can get a lot of our ingredients once a week from the UK," T amlyn explains. "But there is also pressure to buy local and save on food miles, which means we take our vegetables from the local markets, and there are a lot that work well with British staples."The Phoenix, in Mid-Levels, offers the widest interpretation of "British cuisine", while still trying to maintain its soul. The gastro-pub has existed in various locations in Hong Kong since 2002. Singaporean head chef T ommy T eh Kum Chai offers daily specials on a blackboard, rather than sticking to a menu. This enables him to reinterpret British cuisine depending on what is available in the local markets."We use a lot of ingredients that people wouldn't perhaps associate as British, but are presented in a British way. Bell peppers stuffed with couscous, alongside ratatouille, is a very popular dish."Although the ingredients may not strike diners as being traditional, they can be found in dishes across Britain.Even the traditional chefs are aware of the need to adapt to local tastes and customs, while maintaining the Britishness of their cuisine.At Y orkshire Pudding, Hill says that his staff asks diners whether they would like to share their meals. Small dishes, shared meals and "mixing it up" is not something commonly done in Britain, but Y orkshire Pudding will bring full dishes to the table and offer individual plates for each diner. "That way, people still get the presentation of the dishes as they were designed, but can carve them up however they like," Hill says.This practice is also popular at The Pawn, although largely for rotisseries (烤肉馆),T amlyn says. "Some tables will arrive on a Sunday, order a whole chicken and a shoulder of lamb or a baby pig, and just stay for hours enjoying everything we bring out for them."Some British traditions are too sacred (神圣的)to mess with, however, T omes says. "I'd never change a full English breakfast."注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
英语四级考试真题试卷附答案
英语四级考试真题试卷附答案(完整版第1套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a ne ws report to your campus newspaper on a visit to a local farm orga nized by your Student Union. You should write at least 120 words b ut no more than 180 words.______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ __________________Part III Reading prehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You a re required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices g iven in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage throug h carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is i dentified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter on Answ er Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use a ny of the words in the bank more than once.The center of American automobile innovation has in the past dec ade moved 2,000 miles away. It has __26__ from Detroit to Silicon Valley, where self-driving vehicles are ing to life.In a __27__ to take production back to Detroit, Michigan lawmakers have introduced __28__ that could make their state the best place in the country, if not the world, to develop self-driving vehicles and put them on the road."Michigan's __29__ in auto research and development is under atta ck from several states and countries which desire to __30__ our lea dership in transportation. We can't let that happen," says Senator Mike Kowall, the lead __31__ of four bills recently introduced.If all four bills pass as written, they would __32__ a substantial u pdate of Michigan's 2013 law that allowed the testing of self-driving vehicles in limited conditions. Manufacturers would have nearly tot al freedom to test their self-driving technology on public roads. The y would be allowed to send groups of self- driving cars on cross-stat e road trips, and even set up on-demand __33__ of self-driving cars , like the one General Motors and Lyft are building.Lawmakers in Michigan clearly want to make the state ready for the mercial application of self-driving technology. In __34__ , Califor nia, home of Silicon Valley, recently proposed far more __35__ rule s that would require human drivers be ready to take the wheel, an d ban mercial use of self-driving technology.A) bidB) contrastC) deputyD) dominanceE) fleetsF) knotsG) legislationH) migratedI) replaceJ) representK) restrictiveL) rewardM) significantN) sponsorO) transmittedSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information gi ven in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than onc e. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How Work Will Change When Most of Us Live to 100A) Today in the United States there are 72,000 centenarians (百岁老人). Worldwide, probably 450,000. If current trends continue, then by 2050 there will be more than a million in the US alone. According to the work of Professor James Vaupel and his co-researchers, 50% of babies born in the US in 2007 have a life expectancy of 104 or more. Broadly the same holds for the UK, Germany, France, Italy and Canada, and for Japan 50% of 2007 babies can expect to live t o 107.B) Understandably, there are concerns about what this means for p ublic finances given the associated health and pension challenges. T hese challenges are real, and society urgently needs to address the m. But it is also important to look at the wider picture of what happ ens when so many people live for 100 years. It is a mistake to simpl y equate longevity (长寿) with issues of old age. Longer lives have implications for all of lif e, not just the end of it.C) Our view is that if many people are living for longer, and are heal thier for longer, then this will result in an inevitable redesign of wo rk and life. When people live longer, they are not only older for long er, but also younger for longer. There is some truth in the saying th at “70 is the new 60” or “40 the new 30.” If you age more slowly ov er a longer time period, then you are in some sense younger for lon ger.D) But the changes go further than that. Take, for instance, the age at which people make mitments such as buying a house, getting m arried, having children, or starting a career; These are all fundame ntal mitments that are now occurring later in life. In 1962,50% of Americans were married by age 21. By 2014, that mileston e (里程碑) had shifted to age 29.E) While there are numerous factors behind these shifts, one facto r is surely a growing realization for the young that they are going to live longer. Options are more valuable the longer they can be held . So if you believe you will live longer, then options bee more valua ble, and early mitment bees less attractive. The result is that the mitments that previously characterized the beginning of adulthood are now being delayed, and new patterns of behavior and a new st age of life are emerging for those in their twenties.F) Longevity also pushes back the age of retirement, and not only fo r financial reasons. Yes, unless people are prepared to save a lot mo re, our calculations suggest that if you are now in your mid-40s, the n you are likely to work until your early 70s; and if you are in your early 20s, there is a real chance you will need to work until your lat e 70s or possibly even into your 80s. But even if people are able to economically support a retirement at 65, over thirty years of poten tial inactivity is harmful to cognitive (认知地) and emotional vitality. Many people may simply not want to d o it.G) And yet that does not mean that simply extending our careers is appealing. Just lengthening that second stage of full-time work ma y secure the financial assets needed for a 100-year life, but such p ersistent work will inevitably exhaust precious intangible asset s such as productive skills, vitality, happiness, and friendship. H) The same is true for education. It is impossible that a single sh ot of education, administered in childhood and early adulthood, will be able to support a sustained,60-year career. If you factor in the projected rates of technologica l change, either your skills will bee unnecessary, or your industry outdated. That means that everyone will, at some point in their life , have to make a number of major reinvestments in their skills.I) It seems likely, then’ that the traditional three-stage life will ev olve into multiple stages containing two, three, or even more diffe rent careers. Each of these stages could potentially be different. In one the focus could be on building financial success and personal a chievement, in another on creating a better work/life balance, still another on exploring and understanding options more fully, or being an independent producer, yet another on making a social contri bution. These stages will span sectors, take people to different citi es, and provide a foundation for building a wide variety of skills. J) Transitions between stages could be marked with sabbaticals (休假) as people find time to rest and recharge their health, re-invest i n their relationships, or improve their skills. At times, these breaks and transitions will be self-determined, at others they will be force d as existing roles, firms, or industries cease to exist.K) A multi-stage life will have profound changes not just in how yo u manage your career, but also in your approach to life. An increas ingly important skill will be your ability to deal with change and eve n wele it. A three-stage life has few transitions, while a multi-stage l ife has many. That is why being self-aware, investing in broader wo rks of friends, and being open to new ideas will bee even more cruc ial skills.L) These multi-stage lives will create extraordinary variety across groups of people simply because there are so many ways of sequen cing the stages. More stages mean more possible sequences.M) With this variety will e the end of the close association of age and stage. In a three-stage life, people leave university at the same time and the same age, they tend to start their careers and family at the same age, they proceed through middle management all rou ghly the same time, and then move into retirement within a few yea rs of each other. In a multi-stage life, you could be an undergraduat e at 20, 40, or 60; a manager at 30,50, or 70; and bee an independent producer at any age.N) Current life structures, career paths, educational choices, and so cial norms are out of tune with the emerging reality of longer lifes pans. The three-stage life of full-time education, followed by contin uous work, and then plete retirement may have worked for our par ents or even grandparents, but it is not relevant today. We believethat to focus on longevity as primarily an issue of aging is to miss its full implications. Longevity is not necessarily about being older fo r longer. It is about living longer, being older later, and being young er longer.36. An extended lifespan in the future will allow people to have mo re careers than now.37. Just extending one's career may have both positive and negati ve effects.38. Nowadays, many Americans have on average delayed their mar riage by some eight years.39. Because of their longer lifespan» young people today no longer f ollow the pattern of life of their parents or grandparents.40. Many more people will be expected to live over 100 by the mid-21st century.41. A longer life will cause radical changes in people's approach to life.42. Fast technological change makes it necessary for one to consta ntly upgrade their skills.43. Many people may not want to retire early because it would do h arm to their mental and emotional well-being.44. The close link between age and stage may cease to exist in a m ulti-stage life.45. People living a longer and healthier life will have to rearrange t heir work and life.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. Whe n the passage is read for the first time,you should listen carefully fo r its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally,when the passage is read for the third time,you shoul d check what you have written.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.In the classic marriage vow (誓约), couples promise to stay together in sickness and in health. But a new study finds that the risk of divorce among older couples rises when the wife—not the husband— bees seriously ill."Married women diagnosed with a serious health condition may find themselves struggling with the impact of their disease while also ex periencing the stress of divorce," said researcher Amelia Karraker.Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham analyzed 20 years of data on 2,717 marriages from a study conducted by Indiana University sinc e 1992. At the time of the first interview, at least one of the partn ers was over the age of 50.The researchers examined how the onset (发生) of four serious physical illnesses affected marriages. They foun d that, overall,31% of marriages ended in divorce over the period studied. The inc idence of new chronic (慢性地) illness onset increased over time as well, with more husbands t han wives developing serious health problems."We found that women are doubly vulnerable to marital break-up i n the face of illness," Karraker said."They're more likely to be widowed, and if they're the ones who bee ill, they're more likely to get divorced."While the study didn't assess why divorce is more likely when wive s but not husbands bee seriously ill, Karraker offers a few possible r easons."Gender norms and social expectations about caregiving may make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spouses," Karraker said."And because of the imbalance in marriage markets, especially in o lder ages, divorced men have more choices among prospective part ners than divorced women."Given the increasing concern about health care costs for the aging p opulation, Karraker believes policymakers should be aware of the r elationship between disease and risk of divorce."Offering support services to spouses caring for their other halves m ay reduce marital stress and prevent divorce at older ages," she s aid."But it's also important to recognize that the pressure to divorce may be health-related and that sick ex-wives may need additional care and services to prevent worsening health and increased health costs."46. What can we learn about marriage vows from the passage?A) They may not guarantee a lasting marriage.B) They are as binding as they used to be.C) They are not taken seriously any more.D) They may help couples tide over hard times.47. What did Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham find about elde rly husbands?A) They are generally not good at taking care of themselves.B) They can bee increasingly vulnerable to serious illnesses.C) They can develop different kinds of illnesses just like their wives.D) They are more likely to contract serious illnesses than their wiv es.48. What does Karraker say about women who fall ill?A) They are more likely to be widowed.B) They are more likely to get divorced.C) They are less likely to receive good care.D) They are less likely to bother their spouses.49. Why is it more difficult for men to take care of their sick spouse s according to Karraker?A) They are more accustomed to receiving care.B) They find it more important to make money for the family.C) They think it more urgent to fulfill their social obligations.D) They expect society to do more of the job.50. What does Karraker think is also important?A) Reducing marital stress on wives.C) Providing extra care for divorced women.B) Stabilizing old couples' relations.D) Making men pay for their wives, health costs.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.If you were like most children, you probably got upset when your mother called you by a sibling's (兄弟姐妹地) name. How could she not know you? Did it mean she loved you l ess?Probably not. According to the first research to tackle this topic hea d-on, misnaming the most familiar people in our life is a mon cogni tive (认知地) error that has to do with how our memories classify and store f amiliar names.The study, published online in April in the journal Memory and Cogn ition, found that the "wrong" name is not random but is invariably fished out from the same relationship pond: children, siblings, frie nds. The study did not examine the possibility of deep psychologic al significance to the mistake, says psychologist David Rubin, "but it does tell us who's in and who's out of the group."The study also found that within that group, misnamings occurred w here the names shared initial or internal sounds, like Jimmy and Joanie or John and Bob. Physical resemblance between people was not a factor. Nor was gender.The researchers conducted five separate surveys of more than 1,7 00 people. Some of the surveys included only college students; othe rs were done with a mixed-age population. Some asked subjects a bout incidents where someone close to them—family or friend—had called them by another person's name. The other surveys asked ab out times when subjects had themselves called someone close to th em by the wrong name. All the surveys found that people mixed up names within relationship groups such as grandchildren, friends and siblings but hardly ever crossed these boundaries.In general, the study found that undergraduates were almost as like ly as old people to make this mistake and men as likely as women. Older people and women made the mistake slightly more often, bu t that may be because grandparents have more grandchildren to mi x up than parents have children. Also, mothers may call on their chil dren more often than fathers, given traditional gender norms. The re was no evidence that errors occurred more when the misnamer was frustrated, tired or angry.51. How might people often feel when they were misnamed?A) Unwanted.B) Unhappy.C) Confused.D) Indifferent.52. What did David Rubin's research find about misnaming?A) It is related to the way our memories work.B) It is a possible indicator of a faulty memory.C) It occurs mostly between kids and their friends.D) It often causes misunderstandings among people.53. What is most likely the cause of misnaming?A) Similar personality traits.B) Similar spellings of names.C) Similar physical appearance.D) Similar pronunciation of names.54. What did the surveys of more than 1,700 subjects find about mi snaming?A) It more often than not hurts relationships.B) It hardly occurs across gender boundaries.C) It is most frequently found in extended families.D) It most often occurs within a relationship group.55. Why do mothers misname their children more often than fathers?A) They suffer more frustrations.B) They bee worn out more often.C) They municate more with their children.D) They generally take on more work at home.PartⅣTranslation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.舞狮作为中国传统民间表演已有2000多年历史。
历年英语四级试题
2024年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第二套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)（请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试）Directions: Suppose your university is seeking students opinions on whether university sports facilities should be open to the public. You are now to write an essay to express your view. You will have 30 minutes for the task. Youshould write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A B C andD. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the Centre Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard1. A) Due to a fire alarm in their apartmentsB) Because of the smoke and heat damage.C) Due to the water used to extinguish the flames.D) Because of the collapse of the three-story building.2. A) investigating the cause of the incident.B) Helping search for the suspect of the crime.C) Rescuing the businessmen trapped in the building.D) Checking town records for the property developer.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard3. A) It plays a less important role in one’s health than nutrient intakeB) It impacts people’s health to a lesser degree than sun exposure.C) It is associated with people’s mental health conditions.D) It is linked with older adults’ symptoms of depression.4. A) It was indefiniteB) It was systematic.C) It was straightforward.D) It was insignificant.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) It has helped solve several murder cases.B) It has become a star police dog in Beijing.C) It has surpassed its mother in performance.D) It has done better than naturally born dogs.6. A) To speed up investigation into criminal cases.B) To test the feasibility of cloning technology.C) To cut down training expenses.D) To reduce their training time.7. A) Cloning is too complicated a process.B) The technology is yet to be accepted.C) Cloning is ethically controversial.D) The technology is too expensive. Section BDirections: In this section you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A B C andD . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the Centre. Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) He read it somewhere online.B) He heard about it from a coworkerC) He read an article reviewing it.D) He watched a TV series based on it.9. A) His publicationsB) His first book.C) His address.D) His name.10. A) Collect a lot more data.B) Relax a bit less often.C) Clarify many new concepts.D) Read more reference books.11. A) Find out the show’s most interesting episodes.B) Watch the series together with the woman.C) Get an e-copy of the book to read.D) Check to see when the show starts.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard12. A) To check the prices of his farm produce.B) To ask the way to the Newcastle City Hall.C) To inquire about the vegetarian food festival.D) To seek the mans help with her work on the farm.13. A) Bakers.B) Vendors.C) Vegetarians.D) Organizers.14. A) The issuing of certificates to vendorsB) The completion of the baking task.C) The festival they are organizing.D) The deadline for application15.A) The closing date of submission C) The details of the ceremony.B) The website of his company. D) The organizer’s address.Section CDirections: In this section you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you heara question you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A B C and D. Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the Centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) Most scenic sites have been closed. C) Health experts advise going outdoors.B) Access to official campsites is limited. D) People have more time during the summer.17. A) It is strongly opposed by nearby residents. C) It has caused environmental concerns.B) It leads to much waste of public money. D) It has created conflicts among campers18. A) Look for open land in Scotland C) Avoid getting close to wilderness.B) Leave no trace of their camping D) Ask for permission from authorities.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) They outcompete mythical creatures. C) They truly exist in the Amazon regionB) They usually mind their own business. D) They resemble alarmingly large snakes.20. A) Scar tissue from dolphins fighting. C) Unhealed wounds from snake bitesB) Skin infection from water pollution. D) Swimming along in seasonal floods.21. A) It has been shrinking at an astonishing pace.B) It has been placed under international protection.C) It has been appealing to both freshwater and sea dolphins.D) It has been abandoned as a battleground for male dolphins.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) About 58% of young adults call parental support the new normal.B) Most adult children enjoy increasing sources of financial support.C) A full 70% of the young adults cannot afford to buy a car by them.D) Most early adults cannot sustain their lifestyles without parental support.23. A) It renders them dependent. C) It makes them mentally immature.B) It causes them to lose dignity. D) It hinders them from getting ahead24. A) It challenges ones willpower. C) It calls for due assistance.B) It results from education. D) It defines adulthood.25. A) Current lifestyles.B) Poor budgeting.C) College loans.D) Emergency expenses.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passagethrough carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the Centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.A team of researchers led by Priyanka Joshi examined the degree to which men and women relied on communicative abstraction " to verbally convey their ideas and emotions. Communicative abstraction, according to the researchers, reflects the tendency of people to use "abstract speech that focuses on the broader picture and 26 purpose of action rather than concrete speech focusing on details and the means of 27 action." Interestingly, they found that men were far more likely to speak in the abstract than were women.To arrive at this 28_, the researchers examined the linguistic （语言的) patterns of men and women in over 600, 000 blog posts written on websites. To do this, the researchers computed abstractness ratings for29 40, 000 commonly used words in the English language. Words considered to be concrete could be easily visualized, such as "table” or “chair". Words that were more _30 to visualize, for example, “ justice" or “morality" were considered to be more abstract. They found that men used 31 moreabstract languages in their blog posts.What is the_ 32_ of this effect? The researchers suggest that power differences between the genders —that is, men having more power in society—might be a key determinant (决定因素). For instance, in a follow-up study conducted with a sample of 300 students, the researchers_33 power dynamics in an interpersonal setting to see if this would influence communicative abstraction. They found that participants in a high-power interviewer role were more likely to give abstract descriptions of behaviors than were participants in a low-power interviewee role. This suggests that communicating more abstractly does not reflect a 34 tendency of men or women but rather _35 within specific contexts.Section BDirections:In this section you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph fromwhich the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Eachparagraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet ".How to better work towards long-term goals[A] Hal Hirschfield, a psychologist at the UCLA Anderson School of Management, wanted to know why people weren’t saving for retirement. Across the board, people are living longer. Logically, they’ll need more money to live comfortably in their post-work years. And yet, savings rates in the U. S. have gone down in recent decades, not up.[B] To help explain this seemingly irrational behavior, Hirschfield and his team scanned the brains of study participants while asking them to what degree various traits (特征)—like“honorable" or" funny"—applied to their current self, their future self, a current other, or a future other. As participants answered, Hirschfield’s team recorded which parts of their brains lit up. Unsurprisingly, people’s brains were most active when thinking about their current selves and least active when thinking about a current[C] Other. But the team found that participants brain activity while considering their future selves more closely resembled their brain activity while thinking about a current other rather than the current self.[D] Put in practical terms, when thinking of yourself in a month or a year or a decade, your brain registers that person in ways similar to how it would register Taylor Swift or the mailman. Understood in that way, saving for retirement is the equivalent of giving money away to someone else entirely.[E] In light of Hirschfield’s study, one simple question arises: Is it possible to make our present selves give a damn about our future selves? The answers are anything but simple.[F] Seen through the lens of the present self-versus the future self, our self-defeating actions-like choosing to watch television rather than go to the gym-suddenly make perfect sense. We get to enjoy the very concrete, immediate benefits of our actions while someone else (namely, our future selves) suffers the hypothetical (假设的)，far-off consequences. As a result, the decisions we make for our present selves often look very different from our decisions for our future selves. We believe that tomorrow will be different. We believe that we will be different tomorrow; but in doing so, we prioritize our current mood over the consequences of our inaction for the future self.[G] Understanding our procrastination (拖延) through the lens of the present and future selves, were left with three possible solutions: The first is to force your future self to do whatever your present self doesn’t want to do. The second is to convince your present self that your future self is, in fact, still you. If the central problem is that we think of our future selves as other people, it follows that trying to identify more closely with our future selves will encourage us to make better long-term decisions.[H] In a follow-up study, Hirschfield wanted to explore ways to bridge the disconnect between the present and future selves and encourage people to save more for retirement. He and his team took photos of study participants, and then used image processing to visually age their faces. Participants were then placed in a virtual reality setting where they could look into a mirror and see their aged selves looking back at them. Participants who saw their aged selves said they would save 30% more of their salary for retirement than the control group.[I] The third solution is to forget about your future self and use your present self’s love of instant Gratification(满足感)to your advantage. While the two tactics (手段)above can be effective in making better long-term choices, in the end, you’re still struggling against human nature. Our brains are hard-wired for instant gratification. Instead of fighting your present self’s need for immediate rewards, why not use it to your advantage? When most of us set goals, we focus on long-term results we want to see-e.g., losing weight, getting a promotion, retiring in comfort, etc. While those visions of our future selves can be inspiring, when it comes to actually doing the day-to-day work, it may be more effective to reframe activities in terms of their immediate, or at least very near-term, rewards.[J] Take writing this article, for instance. It’s easy for me to imagine how amazing it will feel at the end of the workday to have this article done. This isn’t just my opinion. Research partners Kaitlin Woolley of Cornell University and Ayelet Fishbach of the University of Chicago have made a career out of studying the differences between the goals that people achieve and the ones that fall to the wayside.[K] “In one study, we asked people online about the goals they set at the beginning of the year. Most people set goals to achieve delayed, long-term benefits, such as career advancement, debt repayment, or improved health. We asked these individuals how enjoyable it was to pursue their goal, as well as how important their goal was. We also asked whether they were still working on their goals two months after setting them. We found that enjoyment predicted people’s goal persistence two months after setting the goal far more than how important they rated their goal to be," Woolley said.[L] This pattern held true across a wide variety of goals from exercising to studying to eating healthier foods. For example, people ate 50% more of a healthy food when directed to focus on the good taste rather than the long-term health benefits. Other studies have shown a greater uptake of exercise in people who were told to think of the enjoyment of doing the exercise now rather than future health gains.[M] These findings suggest that when it comes to achieving your goals, enjoying the process itself is more important than wanting the long-term benefits. In other words, present self-trumps (战胜) future self. Who says instant gratification has to be a bad thing? By all means, set ambitious long-term goals for your future self, but when it comes to actually following through day-to-day, make sure your present self knows what’s in it for her too.36. Our brains are genetically determined to satisfy immediate desires.37. Taken in a practical way, saving for post-work years is like giving money away to others.38. Research found that, as regards achievement of ones goals, it is important to focus more on enjoying the process than the long-term benefits.39. Regarding our future selves as still being ourselves will help us make better long-term decisions.40. Savings rates in America have dropped in recent decades even though peoples life expectancy has increased.41. Researchers found that enjoyment rather than importance enabled people to persist in their goals.42. When making decisions, we give priority to our current frame of mind without thinking much of the consequences.43. People ate more of a healthy food when they focused on its good taste instead of its long-term benefits.44. As was expected, when people thought of their present selves, their brains were observed to become more active.45. Researchers found that participants who saw the images of their aged selves would save more for their later years than those who didn’t.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A B C and D. Youshould decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the Centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.People often wonder why some entrepreneurs have greater success than others. Is it habits, connections, luck, work ethic or any other behavior? I believe the key to success is willpower. Willpower is the ability to control yourself. It is a strong determination that allows you to do something difficult. It is a behavior we are born with more than one we learn; however, it is possible to not only learn it, but also strengthen it with constant exercise.Willpower is just like a muscle; to keep it strong you need to constantly exercise it. People with a great amount of willpower have the discipline to develop positive, successful habits. Even with an incredible amount of talent, without the discipline and motivation to create positive habits, it can be difficult to achieve success.Willpower and habits go hand in hand. It is critical to create good habits and take the actions necessary to stick to those habits day in and day out for greater success. Almost half of our daily actions are part of our habits and not decisions, so once the correct habits are in place, you will automatically perform those tasks on a day-to-day basis.The best way to create and stick to a habit is to have strong motivation. Its easier to change your habits to lose weight if you have a health issue and you want to be around longer for your kids, or if your business is something youre passionate about. Having a valuable outcome associated with a habit will help you stick to that habit permanently.The art of self-control is one that most successful individuals have mastered. Self-control enables you to avoid behaviors that don’t contribute to your success and adopt those that do.Because there is a delayed satisfaction associated with self-control, it can be easy to get off track. However, if you work on sticking to those small positive habits one day at a time, it becomes easier to stay strong and achieve that delayed reward. Once a reward is achieved, it is much easier to continue sticking to your habits.46. What does the author say we need to do to strengthen our willpower?A) Keep it under control.B) Apply it continuously.C) Learn from entrepreneurs.D) Aim at success determinedly.47. How are almost half of our daily actions performed according to the passage?A) Out of habit.B) With determination.C) Like muscle building.D) By self-discipline.48. What will help people stick to doing something constructive automatically?A) Practising it on a day-to-day basis.B) Associating it with improving healthC) Possessing a reasonable amount of talent.D) Foreseeing the desired outcome it will yield.49. How does the art of self-control help us succeed?A) By allowing us to remain clear-headed permanently.B) By enabling us to alter our behaviors constantly.C) By enabling us to take positive actions.D) By allowing us to avoid taking risks.50. Why can it be difficult for us to maintain self-control?A) Most of us are not in the habit of exercising self-controlB) We may not get immediate rewards from self-control.C) Self-control tends to be associated with pains.D) Self-control only brings about small benefits.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Today, most scientific research is funded by government grants, companies doing research and development, and non-profit foundations. As a society, we reap the rewards from this science, but we also help pay for it. You indirectly support science through taxes you pay, products and services you purchase, and donations you make.Funding for science has changed with the times. Historically, science has been largely supported through private patronage (资助), church sponsorship, or simply paying for the research yourself. Today, researchers are likely to be funded by a mix of grants from various government agencies, institutions, and foundations. Other research is funded by private companies. Such corporate sponsorship is widespread in some fields. Almost 75% of U. S. clinical trials in medicine are paid for by private companies. And, of course, some researchers today still fund small-scale studies out of their own pockets. Most of us can’t afford to do nuclear research as a private hobby, but birdwatchers, rock collectors, and others can do real research on a limited budget.In a perfect world, money wouldn’t matter—all scientific studies would be completely objective. But in the real world, funding may introduce biases. Drug research sponsored by the pharmaceutical (制药的)industry is more likely to end up favoring the drug under consideration than studies sponsored by government grants or charitable organizations. Similarly, nutrition research sponsored by the food industry is more likely favoring the food under consideration than independently funded research to end up.So what should we make of all this? Should we ignore any research funded by companies or special interest groups? Certainly not. These groups provide invaluable funding for scientific research. Furthermore, science has many safeguards in place to catch instances of bias that affect research outcomes. Ultimately, misleading results will be corrected as science proceeds; however, this process takes time. Meanwhile, it pays to examine studies funded by industry or special interest groups with extra care. Are the results consistent with other independently funded studies? What do other scientists have to say about this research? A little examination can go a long way towards identifying bias associated with the funding source.51. What does the passage mainly discuss regarding scientific research?A) Its foundationB) Its rewardsC) Its prospect.D) Its funding.52. What do we learn from the passage about researchers like birdwatchers and rock collectors?A) They have little access to government funding.B) They can do research with limited resources.C) They can do amateur work in their own fields.D) They have no means for large-scale research.53. What would scientific studies look like in a perfect world according to the author?A) They would be totally unbiased.B) They would be independently funded.C) They would be responsibly conducted.D) They would be strictly supervised.54. What does the author say about companies and special interest groups?A) They try hard to pull down the safeguards for research.B) They make extra efforts to research their own products.C) They provide valuable resources for scientific research.D) They reap the most benefits from scientific research.55. What does the author think of research funded by industry or special interest groups?A) Its recommendations should be examined for feasibility.B) Its misleading results should be corrected in time.C) Its validity should be checked with additional care.D) Its hidden biases should be identified independently.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.农历（the lunar calendar）起源于数千年前的中国，根据太阳和月亮的运行规律制定。
英语四级答案(历年)真题完整版
英语四级答案（历年）真题完整版英语四级答案真题完整版1、听力News Report One(1) A 22-year-old Chinese woman who suffered from a persistent cough was shocked to learn that she had a piece of chicken bone lodged in her lung. The unnamed woman from the province of Shandong started have coughing problems when she was 7 or 8 years old. For 14 years, she made numerous hospital visits. However, no doctor could identify any problem. Her uncontrollable coughing was a mystery. Finally, the woman got a full body scan at a hospital in the city of Qingdao. This special medical procedure revealed she had a chicken bone stuck in her lung. (2) Doctors performed surgery and removed the bone. The simple procedure went smoothly and the woman has recovered fully with the bone finally removed from her lung, the woman is very happy that she no longer suffers from that annoying cough.1. What was the woman’s problem?2. How was the woman’s problem eventually solved?News Report Two(3) A white shape named Prickles that ran away from an Australian farm during the 2013 bush fires recently returned home. According to farmer Alice Gray, Prickles was only a lamb when she ran away. The bush firesthat hit the area back then destroyed a large part of her family’s massive property. They thought Prickles had died in the fire. But instead, the young sheep escaped into a 200-acre forest near the farm. (4) Once the fires were over, the family had to fix the damage done to the farm as it was such a large property, which included rebuilding about 40 kilometers of fencing. It was this huge fencing that prevented Pickles from finding her way back. Over the years, the family spotted her a few times. They even recorded her with cameras installed to monitor the activity. But when they knew Pringles was alive, they couldn’t find her and never expected her to return by herself. Seven years later, they were proven wrong.3. What does the news say about the white sheep Prickles?4.What the family do of the bush fires?News Report Three(5) Tons of gold have fallen out of the sky in Russia after a cargo plane malfunctioned in midair this morning. The aircraft was carrying 265 million pounds worth of gold and diamonds, when the door flew open, sending the precious metal back to earth. According to the official news agency, Russian authorities have recovered more than 170 gold bars weighing 20 kilograms each. The plane was traveling from Yakutsk airport in a major diamond producing region to the city Krasnoyarsk in Siberia. (6)However, the aircraft made an emergency landing in Magan after began losing some of its valuable cargo. Reports suggest some bars of gold were scattered up to fifteen miles away from the airport. Nine tons of gold on plane AN12 belonged to a gold mine company. Police have sealed off the runway and say it is unclear if it was an accident or an attempted robbery. (7)Technical engineers who worked on the plane prior to takeoff are reportedly going to be questioned by the police.5. What is the news report mainly about?6. What did the aircraft do when the incident happened?7. What does the news report say about the technical engineers who worked on the plane before takeoff?Conversation One8. Why does the man have this conversation with the man recorded?His job is related to the customer service.9. What is the woman’s purpose of calling to the furniture company?She wants to know when she can get her money back.10. What does the woman say about her bank card?The new bank card will be sent to her on Tuesday, and the bank may has canceled the old one before the man made the payment.11. What does the man advise the woman to do?She needs to update the card details directly on the website.Conversation Two12. Why isn’t the man going to cook?He’s worn out.13. What does the man say he’ll do on his phone?He’ll use the food delivery app on his phone.14. What does the woman think of the Indian food?That’s not the kind of the hot she means. She needs something mild.15. What does the man think of the woman?She’s really difficult to please.Passage One(16) A new study carried out by the university of Lincoln has founda link between the personalities of cat owners and the behavior and wellbeing of their cats. The findings suggest that just as apparent personality can affect the personality of a child, the same is true for a cat and its owner. Owners defined as individuals with high levels of anxiety, fear, anger, depression and loneliness were more likely to have cats with behavioral issues. Such cats display more aggressive and anxious behavioral styles as well as more stress related sickness. They will also more likely to have an ongoing medical condition and be overweight. The research also found that mentally well-adjusted owners had come from happier and healthier cats. Researchers explained that many owners regard their pets as a family member and form close social bonds with them. (17) The majority of owners want to provide the best care for their pets and is therefore possible that pets could be affected by the way their owners interact with and manage them. The study highlights an important relationship between our personalities and the well-being of our pets.(18) Further research is needed to investigate the cause of nature of this relationship and look at how owners’ personalities are directly influencing their pet’s behavior and well-being. It is possible that thewell-being of pets is driven by the underlying nature of the owner not simply by their conscious decisions and behaviors.16. What do we learn from the new study by the University of Lincoln?17. What does the passage say most pet owners want to do?18. What does the passage say it’s still needed to understand the effects of owners’ personalities on their pets?Passage Two(19) One 50-minute run can add seven hours to your life. This was a claim made by The Times last week. The claim was based on a new review of studies about the effects of running. The review concluded that an average runners live three years longer than non-runners and that running does more to extend life than any other form of exercise. But there’s more to running than its health benefits. (20) Research published in recent years have shown that running changes your brain and mind in some fascinating ways from increasing your brain function to regulating your emotions. However, the precise effects vary according to whether you engage in short fast running or long distance running. For example, in one study, researchers compared participants’ ability to learn new words after several minutes of intense running, and after 40 minutes of gentle running, participants were able to learn 20 percent faster after the intense running and they showed a superior memory when tested again a week later. In another study, researchers asked volunteers to jog for 30 minutes and then showed them clips from a sad movie. Participants who usually struggled to handle negative emotions were more intensely affected by the sad clips just as you’d expect. But crucially, this wasless so if they had completed the 30 minutes jog. (21) The researchers said moderate exercise appears to have helped those participants to be less vulnerable to the impact of the sad movie.19. What did the new review of studies claim?20. What is one effect that running has on people according to recent research?21. What did another study find about the participant after they hada 30 minutes jog?Passage ThreeWelcome to the tour of the Hill House. This house built in 1904 is one of the most well-known works of Charles Hill, the famous architect. It was designed and built for local entrepreneur and his family. Before starting the tour, let me give you a brief introduction about the design of this amazing building. (23) Prior to beginning his design, the architect spends sometime in the client’s old home, observing their life and studying their habits. This meant that he could design the house according to the needs of the family. (24) The client’s main desire was to have a home with unique design, so the architect was given complete freedom. The building style is radically different from what was the fashion of the period. At the time, most large homes were constructed of timber and brick. This one, however, is made of concrete, a novel construction material in those days. The interior of the house, including the fittings and furniture, was also designed by the same person. Most of the furniture you will see is original and in good condition. However, (25) both pieces in the children’s bedrooms are copies built to the designsof the architect. Fortunately, all the blueprints for both the building and its contents have been preserved, so we’ve been able to replace badly damaged furniture. Let’s begin our tour, starting from the rooms.22. What do we learn about the speaker?He is the guide of the tour.23. What dis the architect do before beginning his design?24. What did the architect’s client mainly want?25. What do we learn about the pieces of furniture in the children’s bedrooms?1. D) He did an unusual good deed2. C) Give some money to the waiter3. A) Whether or not to move to the states mainland4. B) It costs too much money5. A) To investigate whether people are grateful for help6. C) They held doors open for people at various places7. B) Most people express gratitude for help8. C) To enquire about solar panel installation9. D) He has a large family.10. B) The cost of a solar panel installation11. D) About five years12. A) At a travel agency13. D) She wanted to spend more time her family.14 D) Two weeks.15. A) Choosing some activities herself16. D) Pay a green tax upon arrival17. A) It has not been doing a good job in recycling.18. B) To ban single-use plastic bags and straws on Bali land.19. D) Its population is now showing signs of increase20. C) Commercial hunting21. D) To seek breeding grounds22. C) They consume less milk these days23. A) It is not as healthy as once thought24. C) They lack the necessary proteins to digest it25. B) It provides some necessary nutrients2、选词填空∶Many people believe that commitment are the foundations of ..26.O)unique27.)possess28.D)endure29.C)confused30.J)presence31.B)assess32.Flgenius33.A)acknowledge34.M)surprising35.G)highly3、信息匹配：Why it matters that teens are reading less?36.[E] That may be true, but that still does not tell us much about what happens across a whole generation of people when time spent on digital media rge surveys con-ducted over the course of many years tell us that American youth are not going to the cinema nearly as often as they did in the past.37.[B]Analysis of surveys of over one million teens in the United States collected since 1976 reveals a major shift in how teens are spending their leisure time. Paper books are being ignored, in favor of screens.…….38.[G] Indeed, the number of senior high school students who said they had not read any books for pleasure in the last year was one out of three by . That is triple the number from two decades ago.……39.[D]If teens are spending so much time using electronic devices, does that mean they have to give activities? Maybe not. Over the years, many scholars have insisted that time online does not necessarily take away time spent engaging with traditional media or on other activities.…40[.A] Most of us spend much more time with digital media than we did a decade ago.But todays teens have grown up with smartphones. Compared with teens a couple of de-cades ago, the way they interact with traditional media like books and movies is fundamentally different.…41.[H]] This might present problems for young people later on. When high school students go on to college, their past and current reading habits will influence their academic per-formance.….42.[c] Teens did not always spend that much time with digi-tal media. Online time has doubled since 2006, and social media use has moved from a periodic activity to a daily one in the same period.By , nearly nine out of ten young women in the 12th grade said they visited social media sites every day.……43.[F]But the treads related to movies are less disturbing compared with the change in how teens spend their time. Research has revealed an enormous decline in reading.In 1980, about 60 percent of senior high school students said they read a book, newspaper or magazine every day that was not assigned for school.By , only 16 percent did.44.[B] Analysis of surveys of over one million teens in the United States collected since 1976 reveals a major shift in how teens are spending their leisure time. Paper books are being ignored, in favor of screens.……45.[E] That may be true, but that still does not tell us much about what happens across a whole generation of people when time spent on digital media grows. Large surveys conducted over the course of many years tell us that American youth are not going to the cinema nearly as often as they did in the past.….4、仔细阅读：Have you ever wondered how acceptable it is to hug or touchsomeone ?46.C)Its absence might suggest a lack of warmth in interpersonal relationships .47.D)How close the communicator‘s relationships are .48.B) They take touching as a cultural norm in social interactions.49.A)Men can show friendship in public through physical affection.50.D)Take other peoples preference into consideration .From climate change to the ongoing pandemic (大流行病) and beyond ，the issues facing todays world are increasingly complex and dynamic .51.A)It faces problems that are getting more varied and compli-cated.52.C) People are divided about the nature of interest .53.D)How a growth mindset of interest can contribute to crossdisciplinarythinking.54.C) Making innovative products needs multidisciplinary products.55.B) Broadening their interests .5、翻译：坎儿井(Karez)是新疆干旱地区的一种水利系统，由地下渠道将水井连接而成。
历年英语四级考试真题及答案Word版
历年英语四级考试真题及答案Word版历年英语四级考试真题及答案（2007.6—2012.6 共十一套）2007年6月英语四级真题及答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Welcom to our club. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow: 欢迎辞，欢迎加入俱乐部。
标题：Welcome to our club书写提纲：1. 表达你的欢迎；2. 对你们俱乐部作一个简要介绍。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the question on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Protect Your Privacy When Job-hunting OnlineIdentity theft and identity fraud are terms used to refer to all types of crime in which someone wrongfully obtains and uses another person’s personal data in some way that involves fraud or deception typically for economic gain.The numbers associated with identity theft are beginning to add up fast these days. A recent Genera Accounting Office report estimates that as many as 750,000 Americans are victims of identity theft everyear. And that number may be low, as many people choose not to report the crime even if they know the have been victimized.Identity theft is “an absolute epidemic,” states Robert Ellis Smith, a respected author and advocat of privacy. “It’s certainly picked up in the last four or fi ve years. It’s worldwide. It affects everybod and there’s very little you can do to prevent it and, worst of all, you can’t detect it until it’s probabl too late.”Unlike your fingerprints, which are unique to you and cannot be given to someone else for their use you personal data, especially your social security number, your bank account or credit card number, you telephone calling card number, and other valuable identifying data, can be used, if they fall into th wrong hands, to personally profit at your expense. In the United States and Canada, for example, many peopl have reported that unauthorized persons have taken funds out of their bank or financial accounts, or, i the worst cases, taken over their identities altogether, running up vast debts and committing crimes whil using the victims’ names. In many cases, a victim’s losses may included not only out-of-pocket financia losses, but substantial additional financial costs associated with trying to restore his reputation i the community and correcting erroneous information for which the criminal is responsible.According to the FBI, identity theft is the number one fraud committed on the Internet. So how do jo seekers protect themselves while continuing to circulate their resumes online?The key to a successfu online job search is learning to manager the risks. Here are some tips for staying safe while conductin a job search on the Internet.1. Check for a privacy policy.If you are considering posting your resume online, make sure the job search site your are considerin has a privacy policy, like /doc/798333515.html,. The policy should spell out how your information will b used, stored and whether or not it will be shared. You may want to think twice about posting your resum on a site that automatically shares your information with others. You could be opening yourself up to unwanted calls from solicitors (推销员).When reviewing the site’s privacy policy, you’ll be able to delete your resume just as easily a you posted it. You won’t necessarily want your resume to remain out there on the Internet once you lan a job. Remember, the longer your resume remains posted on a job board, the more exposure, both positiv and not-so-positive, it will receive.2. Take advantage of site features.Lawful job search sites offer levels of privacy protection. Before posting your resume, carefully consider your job search objective and the level of risk you are willing to assume./doc/798333515.html,, for example, offers three levels of privacy from which job seekers can choose. Th first is standard posting. This option gives job seekers who post their resumes the most visibility t the broadest employer audience possible.The second is anonymous (匿名的) posting. This allows job seekers the same visibility as those in th standard posting category without any of their contact information beingdisplayed. Job seekers who wis to remain anonymous but want to share some other information may choose which pieces of contact informatio to display.The third is private posting. This option allows a job seeker to post a resume without having it searche by employers. Private posting allows job seekers to quickly and easily apply for jobs that appear on /doc/798333515.html, without retyping their information.3. Safeguard your identity.Career experts say that one of the ways job seekers can stay safe while using the Internet to searc out jobs is to conceal their identities. Replace your name on your resume with a generic (泛指的) identifier such as “Intranet Developer Candidate,” or “Experienced Marketing Representative.”You should also consider eliminating the name and location of your current employer. Depending on you title, it may not be all that difficult to determine who you are once the name of your company is provided Use a general description of the company such as “Major auto manufacturer,” or “International package goods supplier.”If your job title is unique, consider using the generic equivalent instead of the exact title assigne by your employer.4. Establish and email address for your search.Another way to protect your privacy while seeking employment online is to open up an email accoun specifically for your online job search. This will safeguard your existing email box in the event someon you don’t know gets hold of your email address and shares it with others.Using an email address specifically for you job search also eliminates the possibility that you wil receive unwelcome emailsin your primary mailbox. When naming your new email address, be sure that it doesn’t contain references to your name or other information that will give away your identity. The bes solution is an email address that is relevant to the job you are seeking such as salesmgr2004@/doc/798333515.html,5. Protect your reference.If your resume contains a section with the names and contact information of your references, take i out. There’s no sense in safeguarding your information while sharing private contact information of you references.6. Keep confidential (机密的) information confidential.Do not, under any circumstances, share your social security, driver’s license, and bank account number or other personal information, such as race or eye color. Honest employers do not need this informatio with an init ial application. Don’t provide this even if they say they need it in order to conduct a background check. This is one of the oldest tricks in the book –don’t fall for it.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
历年英语四级考试真题及答案Word版
历年英语四级考试真题及答案Word版历年英语四级考试真题及答案（2007.6—2012.6 共十一套）2007年6月英语四级真题及答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Welcom to our club. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow: 欢迎辞，欢迎加入俱乐部。
标题：Welcome to our club书写提纲：1. 表达你的欢迎；2. 对你们俱乐部作一个简要介绍。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the question on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Protect Your Privacy When Job-hunting OnlineIdentity theft and identity fraud are terms used to refer to all types of crime in which someone wrongfully obtains and uses another person’s personal data in some way that involves fraud or deception typically for economic gain.The numbers associated with identity theft are beginning to add up fast these days. A recent Genera Accounting Office report estimates that as many as 750,000 Americans are victims of identity theft everyear. And that number may be low, as many people choose not to report the crime even if they know the have been victimized.Identity theft is “an absolute epidemic,” states Robert Ellis Smith, a respected author and advocat of privacy. “It’s certainly picked up in the last four or fi ve years. It’s worldwide. It affects everybod and there’s very little you can do to prevent it and, worst of all, you can’t detect it until it’s probabl too late.”Unlike your fingerprints, which are unique to you and cannot be given to someone else for their use you personal data, especially your social security number, your bank account or credit card number, you telephone calling card number, and other valuable identifying data, can be used, if they fall into th wrong hands, to personally profit at your expense. In the United States and Canada, for example, many peopl have reported that unauthorized persons have taken funds out of their bank or financial accounts, or, i the worst cases, taken over their identities altogether, running up vast debts and committing crimes whil using the victims’ names. In many cases, a victim’s losses may included not only out-of-pocket financia losses, but substantial additional financial costs associated with trying to restore his reputation i the community and correcting erroneous information for which the criminal is responsible.According to the FBI, identity theft is the number one fraud committed on the Internet. So how do jo seekers protect themselves while continuing to circulate their resumes online?The key to a successfu online job search is learning to manager the risks. Here are some tips for staying safe while conductin a job search on the Internet.1. Check for a privacy policy.If you are considering posting your resume online, make sure the job search site your are considerin has a privacy policy, like /doc/798333515.html,. The policy should spell out how your information will b used, stored and whether or not it will be shared. You may want to think twice about posting your resum on a site that automatically shares your information with others. You could be opening yourself up to unwanted calls from solicitors (推销员).When reviewing the site’s privacy policy, you’ll be able to delete your resume just as easily a you posted it. You won’t necessarily want your resume to remain out there on the Internet once you lan a job. Remember, the longer your resume remains posted on a job board, the more exposure, both positiv and not-so-positive, it will receive.2. Take advantage of site features.Lawful job search sites offer levels of privacy protection. Before posting your resume, carefully consider your job search objective and the level of risk you are willing to assume./doc/798333515.html,, for example, offers three levels of privacy from which job seekers can choose. Th first is standard posting. This option gives job seekers who post their resumes the most visibility t the broadest employer audience possible.The second is anonymous (匿名的) posting. This allows job seekers the same visibility as those in th standard posting category without any of their contact information beingdisplayed. Job seekers who wis to remain anonymous but want to share some other information may choose which pieces of contact informatio to display.The third is private posting. This option allows a job seeker to post a resume without having it searche by employers. Private posting allows job seekers to quickly and easily apply for jobs that appear on /doc/798333515.html, without retyping their information.3. Safeguard your identity.Career experts say that one of the ways job seekers can stay safe while using the Internet to searc out jobs is to conceal their identities. Replace your name on your resume with a generic (泛指的) identifier such as “Intranet Developer Candidate,” or “Experienced Marketing Representative.”You should also consider eliminating the name and location of your current employer. Depending on you title, it may not be all that difficult to determine who you are once the name of your company is provided Use a general description of the company such as “Major auto manufacturer,” or “International package goods supplier.”If your job title is unique, consider using the generic equivalent instead of the exact title assigne by your employer.4. Establish and email address for your search.Another way to protect your privacy while seeking employment online is to open up an email accoun specifically for your online job search. This will safeguard your existing email box in the event someon you don’t know gets hold of your email address and shares it with others.Using an email address specifically for you job search also eliminates the possibility that you wil receive unwelcome emailsin your primary mailbox. When naming your new email address, be sure that it doesn’t contain references to your name or other information that will give away your identity. The bes solution is an email address that is relevant to the job you are seeking such as salesmgr2004@/doc/798333515.html,5. Protect your reference.If your resume contains a section with the names and contact information of your references, take i out. There’s no sense in safeguarding your information while sharing private contact information of you references.6. Keep confidential (机密的) information confidential.Do not, under any circumstances, share your social security, driver’s license, and bank account number or other personal information, such as race or eye color. Honest employers do not need this informatio with an init ial application. Don’t provide this even if they say they need it in order to conduct a background check. This is one of the oldest tricks in the book –don’t fall for it.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
历年大学英语四级考试真题文字版
历年大学英语四级考试真题文字版历年大学英语四级考试真题（文字版）1.A) The man saw Mark on the street two months ago.B) The woman had forgotten Mark's phone numberC) The woman made a phone call to Mark yesterday.D) Mark and the woman had not been in .2.A) The man is late for the trip because he is busy.B) The woman is glad to meet Mr. Brown in person.C) The man is meeting the woman on behalf of Mr. Brown.D) The woman feels sorry that Mr. Brown is unable to come.3.A) At 10:30.C) At 10:40.B) At 10:25.D) At 10:45.4.A) The man no longer smokes.B) The man is under pressure from his wife.C) The man usually follows his wife's advice.D) The man refuses to listen to his doctor's advice.5.A) Move to a big city.C) Go back to school.B) Become a teacher.D) Work in New York.6.A) Quit delivering flowers.C) Bring her flowers every day.B) Work at a restaurant.D) Leave his job to work for her.7.A) She can find the right person to help the man.B) She can help the man out.C) She's also in need of a textbook.D) She picked up the book from the bus floor.8.A) The man was confused about the date of the appointment.B) The man wants to change the date of the appointment.C) The man is glad he's got in touch with the doctor.D) The man can't come for the appointment at 4:15.9.A) The two speakers are at a loss what to do.B) The man is worried about his future.C) The two speakers are seniors at college.D) The woman regrets spending her time idly.10.A) She has learned a lot from the novel.B) She also found the plot difficult to follow.C) She usually has difficulty remembering names.D) She can recall the names of most characters in the novel.Section B Compound DictationDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from SI to S7 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from S8 to SIO you are required to fill in the missinginformation. You can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.The Library of Congress is America's national library. It has millions of books and other objects. It has newspapers, (S1) ________ ____________ ___________ _______ publications as well as letters of (S2) _________________________ interest. It also has maps, photographs, art (S3) __________ __________, movies, sound recordings and musical (S4) __________________. All together, it has more than 100 million objects.The Library of Congress is open to the public Monday through Saturday, except for public holidays. Anyone may go there and read anything in the collection. But no one is (S5) _________ to take books out of the building.The Library of Congress was (S6) __________________ in 1800. It started with eleven boxes of books in one room of the Capitol building. By 1814, the collection had increased to about 3,000 books. They were all (S7) _______________ that year when the Capitol was burned down during America's war with Britain.To help re-build the library, Congress bought the books of President Thomas Jefferson. Mr. Jefferson's collection included 7,000 books in seven languages.(S8) _____________ _______________________ ____________________ ______________. Today, three buildings hold the library's collection.(S9) _____________ _______________________ ______________________ ____________. It buys some of its books and gets others as gifts. It also gets materials through its copyright office. (S10) __________ _____________________ ________________ __________ _______. This means the Library of Congress receives almost everything that ispublished in the United States.【参考答案】S1 popular S2 historical S3 prints S4 instrumentsS5 permitted S6 established S7 destroyedS8 In 1897, the library moved into its own building across the street from the Capitol.S9 The library provides books and materials to the US Congress and also lends books to other American libraries, government agencies and foreign libraries.S10 Anyone who wants copyright protection for a publication in the US must send two copies to the library.【历年大学英语四级考试真题（文字版）】。
(完整版)大学英语四级真题及答案(多套题及详解)
大学英语四级真题及答案(多套题及翻译）CET4 Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.题目一：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your campus, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的校园，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?题目二：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的家乡，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?题目三：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit China, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观中国，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
英语四级考试真题及参考答案
2024年英语四级考试真题及参考答案2024年英语四级考试真题及参考答案一、写作部分题目：随着互联网的普及，越来越多的人开始关注网络安全问题。
请根据以下图表，写一篇关于网络安全的文章。
图表：【参考范文】With the increasing popularity of the internet, cybersecurity has become a top concern for individuals, businesses, and governments worldwide. The graph above provides some revealing statistics about the severity of this issue.Firstly, the number of cybersecurity events is astounding, with over 950 million reported in 2024. This figure is alarming and highlights the ever-present threat of cybercrime, such as hacking, data breaches, and identity theft.Secondly, the chart shows that of these events, 3.2 billion involve the disclosure of personal sensitive information. This data points to the widespread abuse of personal information intoday's digital age, where sensitive details can be easily stolen and used for malicious purposes.Lastly, the average cost per event is significant, with an average loss of 50,000. This figure highlights the financial impact of cybersecurity incidents, which can quickly add up and cause significant damage to individuals and businesses.In conclusion, the graph demonstrates the magnitude of the cybersecurity problem facing our society today. With such high numbers, it is essential to prioritize cybersecurity measures to protect ourselves and our information from cybercriminals. Using strong passwords, updating software regularly, and being wary of suspicious links are just a few ways we can all contribute to cybersecurity. Furthermore, businesses and governments need to invest in robust security measures to safeguard valuable information and protect against theever-present threat of cyberattacks. Only through collective effort and awareness can we hope to tackle the growing cybersecurity challenge.二、听力部分【参考答案】1、B) They are more concerned about the quality of food than the wait time.2、A) He is stuck in a traffic jam.3、C) 2 hours.4、B) They are planning to go on a trip together.5、A) The man will drive her home.6、C) She wants to buy a new camera.7、A) The man will help her move her furniture tomorrow.8、B) They are both history majors.9、A) He likes to read books on science and technology.10、C) 200 pages.三、阅读部分【参考答案】1、B) They help to improve the soil quality and make it more suitable for planting.2、A) They help to reduce water evaporation and maintain soilmoisture.3、C) They help to maintain a healthy balance of microorganisms in the soil.4、D) They help to prevent soil erosion and protect topsoil.5、B) They can be grown in a wide range of soil types and conditions.6、A) They are particularly suitable for growing in sandy soils.7、C) They can withstand drought conditions better than other plant species.8、D) They have adapted to survive in environments with high salinity levels.9、B) They provide a valuable source of food and feed for livestock during the winter months.10、A) They are rich in nutrients and considered highly nutritious.四、翻译部分【参考答案】1、The new bridge has significantly reduced travel time across the river, saving commuters precious time.2、The company's commitment to innovation has helped it stay ahead of its competitors in the rapidly developing technology industry.3、The teacher wrote the lesson on the board while the students took notes in their notebooks.4、He cut the rope that tied the package to the tree, retrieving the mysterious gift hidden inside.5、She turned on the faucet, and hot water poured out, relieving her tiredness after a long day of work.2024年英语专业四级考试真题及答案2024年英语专业四级考试真题及答案一、听写题在英语专业四级考试中，听写题是一项重要的考察内容。
英语四级历年真题
2010 年 12 月大学英语四级考试真题Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions ：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled H ow Should P arents Help C hildren to B e Independent? Y ou should write atleast 150 words following the outline given below.1.目前不少父母为孩子包办一切2.为了让孩子独立 , 父母应该……How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent?Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on A n swer Sheet 1. F o r questions 1-7, choosethe best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.A G rassroots RemedyMost of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. To this end, we walk the dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside thepub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place inthe country. The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk. Andwhen joggers ( 慢跑者) jog, they don’t run the streets. Every one of them instinctively heads to t he park or the river. It is my profound b elief that n ot only dowe all n e d nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so ornot.But despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived ( 丧失). I spent my boyhood climbi n g trees on Streatham Common, South L ondon. These days,children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and odd new perceptions about what is best for children, that is tosay, things that can be bought, rather than things that can befound.The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the US: families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD—attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (多动症). Those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in anatural environment had l e s illness and g reater physical ability than children usedonly to a normal playground. A US study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment, academic levels were raised across theentire school.Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment. In playgrounds, children create a hierarchy ( 等级) based on physical abilities, with thetough ones taking the lead. But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now basedon imagination and creativity.Most bullying ( 恃强凌弱) is found in schools where there is a tarmac ( 柏油碎石) playground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouragedto explore. This reminds me unpleasantly of Sunnyhill School in Streatham, with itsharsh tarmac, where I used to hang about in corners fantasising about wildlife.But children are frequently discouraged frominvolvement with natural spaces,for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they mightcause damage. So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves: not totheir bodies but to their s ouls.One of the great problems of modern childhood is ADHD, now increasinglyand expensively treated with drugs. Y et one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places.The life of old people is measurably be t er when they have access to nature.The increasing emphasis for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality.In wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundings improve all kinds of things. Even problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natural world.Dr William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, states in his study, “A natural environment can reduce violent behaviour because its restorative process helps reduce anger and ims p iv u e lbehaviour.”Wild places need encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their contribution.We tend to look on nature conservation as some kind of favour that humanbeings are granting t o t he natural world. The error here is far too d eep: not only dohumans need nature for themselves, but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is profoundly damaging.Human beings are a species of mammals ( 哺乳动物). For seven million years they lived o n the planet as part of nature. Our ancestral selves miss the naturalworld and long for contact with non-human life. Anyone who has pa t ed a dog,stroked a cat, sat under a tree with a pint of beer, given or received a bunch offlowers or chosen to walk through the park on a nice day, understands that.We need the wild world. It is essential to our well-being, our health, our happiness. Without the wild world we are not more but less civilised. Without other living things around us we are less than human.Five ways to find harmony with the natural worldWalk: Break the rhythm of permanently being under a r o f. Get off a stop earlier, make a circuit of the park at lunchtime, walk the child to and from school, get a dog, feel yourself moving in moving air, look, listen, absorb.Sit: Take a moment, every now and then, to be still in an open space. In thegarden, anywhere that’s not in the office, anywhere out of the house, away fromthe routine. Sit under a tr e , l o k at water, f e l refreshed, ever so slightly renewed.Drink: The best way to enjoy the natural world is by yourself; the second best way is incompany. Take a drink outside with a g o d p erson, a g o d g athering: talkwith the sun and the wind with birdsong for background.Learn: Expand your boundaries. Learn five species of bird, five butterflies, five tr e s, five b ird songs. That way, you s e and hear more: and your mind respondsgratefully to the greater amount of wildness in your life.Travel: The places you always wanted to visit: by the seaside, in the country, inthe hills. Take a w e kend b reak, a day-trip, get out there and d o i t: for the scenery,for the way through the woods, for the birds, for the bees. Go somewhere special and bring specialness home. It lasts forever, after all.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。
(完整版)英语四级真题试卷附答案
英语四级真题试卷附答案英语四级考试正在紧张备考当中，为了帮助同学们复习备考。
下面为大家带来英语四级真题试卷附答案，欢迎各位同学备考练习。
英语四级真题：作文Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying ‘Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission.”You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of lifelong learning. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.英语四级真题：听力略英语四级真题：选词填空For many Americans, 2013 ended with an unusually bitter cold spell. November and December(36) early snow and bone-chilling temperatures in much of the country, part of a year when, for the first time in two(37), record-cold days will likely turn out to have outnumbered record-warm ones. But the U.S. was the exception; November was the warmest ever (38), and current data indicates that 2013 is likely to have been the fourth hottest year on record.Enjoy the snow now, because (39)are good that 2014 willbe even hotter, perhaps the hottest year since records have been kept. That’s because, scientists are predicting, 2014 will be an EI Niuo year.EI niuo, Spanish for “the child”, (40) when surface ocean waters in the southern Pacific become abnormally warm. So large is the Pacific, covering 30% of the planet’s surface, that the(41 )energy generated by its warming is enough to touch off a series of weather changes around the world. EI Ninos are (42)with abnormally dry conditions in Southeast Asia and Australia. They can lead to extreme rain in parts of North and South America, even as southern Africa(43) dry weather. Marine life may be affected too; EI Ninos can (44 ) the rising of the cold, nutrient-rich(营养丰富的)water that supports large fish (45),and the unusually warm ocean temperatures can destroy coral(珊瑚).英语四级真题：长篇阅读ThePerfect EssayA) Looking back on too many yearsof education, I can identify one truly impossible teacher. She cared about me,and my intellectual life, even when I didn’t. Her expectations were highimpossibly so. She was an English teacher. She was also my mother.B) When good students turn in anessay, they dream oftheir instructor returning it to them in exactly the samecondition, save for a single word added in the margin of the final page:”Flawless.”This dream came true for me one afternoon in the ninth grade. Ofcourse, I had heard that genius could show itself at an early age, so I wasonly slightly taken aback that I had achieved perfection at the tender age of14. Obviously, I did what any professional writer would do; I hurried off tospread the good news. I didn’t get very far. The first person I told was mymother.C) My mother, who is just shy offive feet tall, is normally incredibly soft-spoken, but on the rare occasionwhen she got angry, she was terrifying. I am not sure if she was more upset bymy hubris(得意忘形) or by the fact that my Englishteacher had let my ego get so out of hand. In any event, my mother and her redpen showed me how deeply flawed a flawless essay could be. At the time, I amsure she thought she was teaching me about mechanics, transitions(过渡), structure, style and voice. But what I learned, and what stuckwith me through my time teaching writing at Harvard, was a deeper lesson aboutthe nature of creative criticism.D) Fist off, it hurts. Genuinecriticism, the type that leaves a lasting mark on you as a writer, also leavesan existentialimprint(印记) on you asa person. I have heard people say that a writer should never take criticismpersonally. I say that we should never listen to these people.E) Criticism, at its best, isdeeply personal, and gets to the heart of why we write the way we do. Theintimate nature of genuine criticism implies something about who is able togive it, namely, someone who knows you well enough to show you how your mentallife is getting in the way of good writing. Conveniently, they are also thepeople who care enough to see you through this painful realization. For me ittook the form of my first, and I hope only, encounter with writer’s block;I wasnot able to produce anything for three years.F) Franz Kafka once said:”Writingis utter solitude(独处), the descentinto the cold abyss(深渊) ofoneself. “My mother’s criticism had shown me that Kafka is right about the coldabyss, and when you make the introspective (内省的) decent that writing requires you are out always pleased by whatyou find.”But, in the years that followed, her sustained tutoring suggestedthat Kafka might be wrong about the solitude. I was lucky enough to find acritic and teacher who was willing to make the journey of writing with me. “Itis a thing of no great difficulty,”according to Plutarch, “to raiseobjectionsagainst another man’s speech, it is a very easy matter; but to produce a betterin its place is a work extremely troublesome.”I am sure I wrote essays in thelater years of high school without my mother’s guidance, but I can’t recallthem. What I remember, however, is how we took up the “extremely troublesome”work of ongoing criticism.G) There are two ways to interpretPlutarch when he suggests that a critic should be able to produce “a better inits place.”In a straightforward sense, he could mean that a critic must bemore talented than the artist she critiques(评论). My mother was well covered on this count. But perhaps Plutarch issuggesting something slightly different, something a bit closer to MarcusCicero’s claim that one should “criticize by creation, not by finding fault.”Genuine criticism creates a precious opening for an author to become better onthis own terms;a process that is often extremely painful, but also almostalways meaningful.H) My mother said she would helpme with my writing, but fist I had myself. For each assignment, I was write thebest essay I could. Real criticism is not meant to find obvious mistakes, so ifshe found any;the type I could have found onmy own;I had to start fromscratch. From scratch. Once the essay was “flawless,”she would take an eveningto walk me through my errors. That was when true criticism, the type thatchanged me as a person, began.I) She criticized me when Iincluded little-known references and professional jargon(行话). She had no patience for brilliant but irrelevant figures ofspeech. “Writers can’t bluff(虚张声势) theirway through ignorance.”That was news to me;I would need to find another way tostructure my daily existence.J) She trimmed back my flowerylanguage, drew lines through my exclamation marks and argued for the value ofrestraint in expression. “John,”she almost whispered. I learned in to hearher:”I can’t hear you when you shout at me.”So I stopped shouting andbluffing, and slowly my writing improved.K) Somewhere along the way I setaside my hopes of writing that flawless essay. But perhaps I missed somethingimportant in my mother’s lessons about creativity and perfection. Perhaps thepoint of writing the flawless essay was not to give up, but to never willinglyfinish. Whitman repeatedly reworded “Song of Myself”between1855 and 1891.Repeatedly. We do our absolute best wiry a piece of writing, and come as closeas we can to the ideal. And, for the time being, we settle. In critique,however, we are forced to depart, to give up the perfection we thought we hadachieved for the chance of being even a little bit better. This is the lesson Itook from my mother. If perfection were possible, it would not be motivating.46. The author was advised against theimproper use of figures of speech.47. The author’s mother taught him avaluable lesson by pointing out lots of flaws in his seemingly perfect essay.48. A writer should polish his writingrepeatedly so as to get closer to perfection.49. Writers may experience periods of timein their life when they just can’t produce anything.50. The author was not much surprised whenhis school teacher marked his essay as “flawless”.51. Criticizing someone’s speech is said tobe easier than coming up with a better one.52. The author looks upon his mother as hismost demanding and caring instructor.53. The criticism the author received fromhis mother changed him as a person.54. The author gradually improved hiswriting by avoiding fact language.55. Constructive criticism gives an authora good start to improve his writing.英语四级真题：仔细阅读第一篇Could youreproduce Silicon Valley elsewhere, or is there something unique about it?It wouldn’t besurprising if it were hard to reproduce in other countries, because youcouldn’t reproduce it in most of the US either. What does it take to make aSilicon Valley?It’s the rightpeople. If you could get the right ten thousand people to move from SiliconValley to Buffalo, Buffalo would become Silicon Valley.You only needtwo kinds of people to create a technology hub (中心):rich people and nerds (痴迷科研的人).Observationbears this out. Within the US, towns have become startup hubs if and only ifthey have both rich people and nerds. Few startups happen in Miami, forexample, because although it’s full of rich people, it has fewnerds. It’s notthe kind of place nerds like.WhereasPittsburg has the opposite problem: plenty of nerds, but no rich people. Thetop US Computer Science departments are said to be MIT, Stanford, Berkeley, andCarnegie-Mellon. MIT yielded Route 128.Stanford and Berkeley yielded SiliconValley. But what did Carnegie-Mellon yield in Pittsburgh? And whathappened in Ithaca, home of Cornell University, which is also high on the list.I grew up inPittsburgh and went to college at Cornell, so I can answer for both. Theweather is terrible, particularly in winter, and there’s no interesting oldcity to make up for it, as there is in Boston. Rich people don’t want to livein Pittsburgh or Ithaca. So while there are plenty of hackers (电脑迷)who could start startups, there’s no one to invest in them.Do you reallyneed the rich people? Wouldn’t it work to have the government invest the nerds?No, it would not. Startup investors are a distinct type of rich people. Theytend to have a lot of experience themselves in the technology business. Thishelps them pick the right startups, and means they can supply advice andconnections as well as money. And the fact that they have a personal stake intheoutcome makes them really pay attention.56. What do welearn about Silicon Valley from the passage?A) Its success is hard to copy any where else.B) It is the biggest technology hub in the US.C) Its fame in high technology is incomparable.D) It leads the world in information technology.57. What makesMiami unfit to produce a Silicon Valley?A) Lack of incentive for investments.B) Lack of the right kind of talents.C) Lack of government support.D) Lack of famous universities.58. In that wayis Carnegie-Mellon different from Stanford, Berkeley and MIT?A) Its location is not as attractive to rich peopleB) Its science department are not nearly as goodC) It does not produce computer hackers and nerdsD) It does not pay much attention to business startups59. What doesthe author imply about Boston?A) It has pleasant weather all year round.B) It produces wealth as well as high-techC) It is not likely to attract lots of investor and nerds.D) It is an old city with many sites of historical interest.60. What doesthe author say about startup investors?A) They are especially wise in making investments.B) They have good connections in the government.C) They can do more than providing money.D) They are enough to invest in nerds.第二篇It’s nice to have people of like mindaround. Agreeable people boost your confidence and allow you to relax and feelcomfortable. Unfortunately, that comfort can hinder the very learning that canexpand your company and your career.It’s nice to have people agree, but youneed conflicting perspectives to dig out the truth. If everyone around you hassimilar views, your work will suffer from confirmation bias. (偏颇)Take a look at your own network. Do youcontacts share your point of view on most subjects? It yes, it’s time to shakethings up. As a leader, it can be challenging to create an environment in whichpeople will freely disagree and argue, but as the saying goes: Fromconfrontation comes brilliance.It’s not easy for most people to activelyseekconflict. Many spend their lives trying to avoid arguments. There’s noneed to go out and find people you hate, but you need to do someself-assessment to determine where you have become stale in your thinking. Youmay need to start by encouraging your current network to help you identify yourblind spots.Passionate, energetic debate does notrequire anger and hard feelings to be effective. But it does require moralstrength. Once you have worthing opponents, set some ground rules so everyoneunderstandsresponsibilities and boundaries. The objective of this debatinggame is not to win but to get to the truth that will allow you to move faster,and better.Fierce debating can hurt feelings,particularly when strong personalities are involved. Make sure your check inwith your opponents so that they are not carrying the emotion of the battlesbeyond the battlefield. Break the tension with smiles and humor to reinforcethe idea that this is friendly discourse and that all are working toward acommon goal.Reword all those involved in the debatesufficiently when the goals are reached. Let your sparring partners (拳击陪练) know how much you appreciate their contribution. The more theyfeel appreciated, the more they’ll be willing to getinto the ring next time.61.What happens when you have like-mindedpeople around you all the while?A) It will help your companyexpand more rapidly.B) It will be create a harmoniousworking atmosphere.C) It may prevent your businessand career from advancing.D) It may make you fell uncertainabout your own decision.62.What does the author suggest leaders do?A) Avoid arguments with businesspartners.B) Encourage people to disagreeand argue.C) Build a wide and strongbusiness network.D) Seek advice from their worthycompetitors.63.What is the purpose of holding a debate?A) To find out the truth about anissue.B) To build up people’s moralstrength.C) To remove misunderstandings.D) To look for worthy opponents.64.What advice does the author give topeople engaged ina fierce debate?A) They listen carefully to theiropponents’ views.B) They slow due respect for eachother’s beliefs.C) They present their viewsclearly and explicitly.D) They take care not to hurt eachother’s feelings.65.How should we treat our rivals after asuccessful debate?A) Try to make peace with them.B) Try to make up the differences.C) Invite them to the ring nexttime.D) Acknowledge their contribution.英语四级真题：翻译云南省的丽江古镇是中国著名的旅游目的地之一。
河北省历年英语四级考试真题及答案
河北省历年英语四级考试真题及答案全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1河北省历年英语四级考试真题及答案1. Listening SectionPart ADirections: In this part of the test, you will hear short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A) At 3:00 p.m.B) At 6:00 p.m.C) At 7:00 p.m.D) At 9:00 p.m.Answer: A) At 3:00 p.m.2. A) Less than 3 hoursB) About 3 hoursC) More than 3 hoursD) About 6 hoursAnswer: B) About 3 hoursPart BDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear longer conversations. After each conversation, you will hear several questions. Remember, you are not allowed to take notes. The conversations and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the questions about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questions you have heard.3. A) The woman is a librarian.B) The woman is going to the library.C) The library is closed now.D) The library closes at 5:30.Answer: D) The library closes at 5:30.4. A) A harpB) A guitarC) A violinD) A pianoAnswer: A) A harp2. Reading SectionPart ADirections: In this part of the test, there are several passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 5 to 8 are based on the following passage.Every day you must make choices that will affect your life. According to a recent survey, decisions have to be made quickly and too many choices can lead to mistakes. Research indicates that we have a limited amount of internal energy and willpower. Mental activity consumes a great deal of this energy. So if you are faced with many choices, it may be better to put off some ofthose decisions until your energy has returned. Therefore, prioritize your life choices.5. The passage suggests that making quick decisions can lead to _____.A) successB) satisfactionC) mistakesD) energyAnswer: C) mistakes6. According to the passage, what consumes a great deal of energy?A) Physical activityB) Mental activityC) Limited amount of energyD) Different researchAnswer: B) Mental activityPart BDirections: In this part, you are asked to read a passage in which there are some words missing. You are to choose the most suitable words from the list provided below each passage. You can use these words to fill in the blanks in the passage. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words given in the list.7. Pollution is one of the biggest problems facing humankind today. (4 points) A _____ (1) may be defined as the contamination of soil, water, or the atmosphere by the discharge of harmful substances. Efforts to control pollution is the joint responsibility of individuals, groups, companies, and governments. A thorough understanding of the _____ (2) of which we live is essential. All life forms depend on clean air, _____ (3) and soil.A) SoilsB) PollutionC) ProcessD) Sources8. Providing clean water to the people living in the world has become increasingly difficult. (4 points) In many parts of the world, water is (1) _____ for drinking. The truth is that water is the world's most valuable (2) _____ and it is extremely clear thatwithout it human beings could not (3) _____ . It is crucial for daily activities such as drinking, cooking, washing and agriculture.A) ScarceB) ResourceC) SurviveD) Essential3. Writing SectionPart ADirections: In this part of the test, you are required to write a letter. You should write it spontaneously on the Answer Sheet.9. Write a letter to your friend describing your favorite hobby and persuading him/her to join you.Sample Answer:Dear friend,I hope this letter finds you well. I am writing to tell you about my favorite hobby and to persuade you to join me. My favorite hobby is hiking in the mountains. I find it very refreshing to be surrounded by nature, and it helps me to clear my mind andrelax. I believe you would enjoy it too. The scenery is breathtaking, and the exercise is good for our health.I hope you will consider joining me next weekend for a hike in the mountains. I promise you won't regret it. We can pack a picnic lunch and spend the whole day exploring the trails and taking in the beauty of the landscape. It will be a great way to spend time together and enjoy the outdoors.I look forward to hearing from you soon.Sincerely,[Your Name]Overall, the key to success in the English Four-Level exam is practice and preparation. By familiarizing yourself with past exam questions and practicing regularly, you will be better equipped to tackle the test with confidence. Good luck!篇2Title: Past English CET-4 Exam Questions and Answers in Hebei ProvinceIntroductionThe English College English Test Level 4 (CET-4) is a standardized English proficiency test in China. It is widelyrecognized by universities and employers as a benchmark for English language skills. For students in Hebei province, preparing for the CET-4 exam is crucial as it can open up opportunities for further education and employment. In this document, we will provide a compilation of past CET-4 exam questions and answers from Hebei province to help students prepare effectively.Reading Comprehension1. Passage 1In today's fast-paced society, time management has become more important than ever before. With so many tasks and responsibilities, it is easy to feel overwhelmed and stressed. However, by prioritizing tasks and setting realistic goals, one can effectively manage their time and achieve success.Questions:1) Why is time management important in today's society?2) What are some strategies for effective time management?Answers:1) Time management is important in today's society because it helps individuals handle the numerous tasks and responsibilities they face.2) Some strategies for effective time management include prioritizing tasks, setting realistic goals, and avoiding procrastination.2. Passage 2Global warming is a pressing issue that requires immediate action. The rise in temperatures has led to more frequent natural disasters and threatens the livelihoods of millions of people. It is essential for governments and individuals to take steps to reduce carbon emissions and protect the environment.Questions:1) Why is global warming a pressing issue?2) What can governments and individuals do to address global warming?Answers:1) Global warming is a pressing issue because it leads to more frequent natural disasters and poses a threat to people's livelihoods.2) Governments and individuals can address global warming by reducing carbon emissions, supporting renewable energy sources, and promoting sustainable practices.Listening Comprehension1. Conversation 1A: Have you finished the assignment for tomorrow?B: No, I haven't started yet. I've been so busy with other things.A: You should manage your time better. Procrastinating will only make things harder.Questions:1) Why hasn't the speaker started the assignment?2) What advice does the speaker give to the other person?Answers:1) The speaker hasn't started the assignment because they have been busy with other things.2) The speaker advises the other person to manage their time better and avoid procrastinating.2. LectureThe lecturer discusses the impact of social media on society. He explains how social media can influence people's opinions and behavior, for better or worse. It is important for individualsto critically evaluate the information they consume on social media and be aware of its potential impact.Questions:1) What does the lecturer discuss?2) What advice does the lecturer give to individuals regarding social media?Answers:1) The lecturer discusses the impact of social media on society.2) The lecturer advises individuals to critically evaluate the information they consume on social media and be aware of its potential impact.Writing1. Essay Topic: The Importance of EducationEducation plays a crucial role in shaping individuals and society. It provides knowledge, skills, and values that are essential for personal and professional growth. In today's globalized world, education is more important than ever before. Discuss the importance of education and its impact on individuals and society.Sample Answer:Education is the cornerstone of personal and professional development. It equips individuals with the knowledge, skills, and values necessary to succeed in their careers and contribute to society. In today's increasingly competitive and globalized world, education is more important than ever before. It opens up opportunities for individuals, improves their quality of life, and promotes social mobility. Furthermore, education empowers individuals to think critically, solve problems, and make informed decisions. Overall, education is the key to personal growth and societal progress.ConclusionIn conclusion, the CET-4 exam is a significant milestone for students in Hebei province. By familiarizing themselves with past exam questions and answers, students can prepare effectively and improve their chances of success. We hope this compilation of past CET-4 exam questions and answers will be a valuable resource for students in Hebei province as they prepare for the exam. Good luck!篇3Hebei Province is one of the largest provinces in China, and every year thousands of students from Hebei and beyond take the English Level 4 Exam. This exam is a standardized test to measure English proficiency and is often required for college admissions and job applications. As such, studying past exam questions and answers is essential for success.Here are some past English Level 4 exam questions from Hebei Province, along with their answers:1. Reading Comprehension:Text:It's widely believed that laughter is the best medicine. It can relieve stress, improve cardiovascular health, and boost the immune system. So, next time you're feeling down, try watching a funny movie or hanging out with friends who make you laugh.Question: According to the text, what are the benefits of laughter?Answer: The benefits of laughter include stress relief, improved cardiovascular health, and a boosted immune system.2. Listening Comprehension:Audio:Speaker 1: I can't believe it's already November. Where did the time go?Speaker 2: I know, right? It feels like just yesterday it was summer.Question: What is the main topic of the conversation?Answer: The main topic of the conversation is about how fast time has flown by and how it feels like it was just summer yesterday.3. Writing:Write an essay of at least 200 words on the following topic: "The importance of protecting the environment."Answer: The environment is essential for our survival, yet it is under constant threat from pollution, deforestation, and climate change. It is crucial for us to protect the environment by reducing our carbon footprint, recycling, and conserving resources. If we don't take action now, future generations will suffer the consequences of our neglect.Studying past exam questions and answers like these can help students prepare for the English Level 4 exam in HebeiProvince and improve their chances of success. Good luck to all the students taking the exam!。
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英语四级考试真题
Part I Writing （30 minutes）
Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, "Quitting
smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I've done it hundreds of times." You should
write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)
Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7 choose the
best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions
8-10, complete the sentence with the information given in the passage.
Why Integrity Matters
What Is Integrity?
The key to integrity is consistency- not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each and every day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical (道德上的) standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.
What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse (缺失) of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus integrity must be one of our most important goals.
Risky Business。