古文称谓英译

古文称谓英译
天国：the Kingdom of Heaven/paradise
仙女：fairy maiden/female celestial
君王：king; lord
大王：Your Majesty
the chief of brigands(土匪)
丞相/宰相：prime minister; chancellor
领地：manor; territory
进谏: vt. admonish n. admonition
盛世 flourishing age/heyday
天平盛世 times of peace and prosperity; piping times of peace
盛衰兴废: prosperity and decline; rise and fall; ups and downs; vicissitudes; wax and wane
王法 the law of the land; the law
王道： kingly law, benevolent government
王位：throne
王朝： imperial court
封建王朝：feudal dynasties
王国： kingdom; realm; domain
社稷: the state/country
江山country, national territory, state power
王孙： prince’s descendants; offspring of the nobility
王府： palace of a prince
王公：princes and dukes
王公大臣： princes, dukes and ministers
公子王孙：sons of princes and nobles
公子：sons of a feudal prince or high official
王侯： princes and marquises
王侯将相：princes, nobles, generals and ministers
臣民: subjects of a feudal ruler
大臣：minister (of a monarchy)
大逆不道: treason and heresy(异端邪说); be treacherous; commit high treason; go against/violate all the heavenly laws of morality and filial love
贬官 demote an official
仕途：official career
功名利禄：high official positions and riches
金榜题名：Succeed in the government examination/ One’s name was put on the published list of successful candidates
爱戴：love and esteem
爱护：care/cherish/take good care of/treasure
拥护：support/uphold
丫鬟： servant girl; slave girl
先辈： ancestors
先烈： martyrs
仙丹： elixir of life; miracle drug
隐士： recluse; hermit
隐居：live in seclusion; withdraw from society and live in solitude; be a hermit
诸侯：the dukes or princes under an emperor; the feudal prince
诸侯争霸： The Princes vied for supremacy
独裁者：dictator; autocrat; despot; tyrant
残暴的：savage; cruel and heartless, cruel and ferocious, ruthless, brutal 残暴：ruthlessness, cruelty
暴政：tyrannical rule; tyranny/ti/; despotic rule,
暴行： savage act; act of violence; unruly conduct, outrage, atrocity 暴动：（武装叛乱）rebellion/ riot；（武装起义）uprising
暴徒：ruffian; thug; hoodlum; mobster; tearaway; bully; mob
智囊： brainpower; brain truster
谋士：adviser/advisor；counsel(l)or
智谋: resourcefulness
智谋之士： man of ideas/resourcefulness
智力：intelligence
精诚所至，金石为开：Complete sincerity can affect even metal and stone/Absolute sincerity will move a heart or stone
昏君: a fatuous(昏庸的) and self-indulgent ruler
道貌岸然：pose as a person of high morals; assume solemn airs; be sanctimonious(伪装圣洁的，伪装虔诚的); look gentlemanly, simulate solemnity
荒淫无度：excessive indulgence in lewdness; indulge in sensual pleasures ; be vicious beyond measure;
继承意志： carry on the unfinished lifework of the father[leader, etc.] ; carry out sb’s behest(s)【请求，吩咐】
嫔妃: concubine
妾: concubine
妾（指姓氏）：比如Qie Liu (=surname/family name 姓) ; first name/given name名
诸子百家：all classes of authors; the hundred schools of thought; the various schools of thought and their exponents(倡导者/代表者) during the period from pre-Qin times to the early years of the Han Dynasty
法家：Legalists
道家：Taoist school; Taoists
道教：Taoism
道士： Taoist priest
儒家：the Confucian school; the Confucianists
孔子： Confucius
Confucian: adj.儒家的，儒家学说的；n.儒士,儒家学者佛家： Buddhism
佛教徒：Buddhist
门生： disciple/disaipl/; pupil
四书：The Four Books
大学：The Great Learning
中庸：The Doctrine of the Mean
论语：The Confucian Analects(论集、文选)
孟子：The Works of Mencius
五经：the Five Classics
诗经：The Book of Songs
书经：The Book of History
礼经：The Book of Rites
易经：The Book of Changes
春秋：The Spring and Autumn Annals(编年史，历史记载)
君子: gentleman; a man of noble character
圣人：saint; sage; wise man
小人: a base man; villain, vile character
地位低的人: a person of low position
气量狭窄的，目光短浅的: narrow-minded
目光短浅：be shortsighted/nearsighted
伪君子：hypocrite /hip i/
虚伪的 hypocritical /hi/;
伪善 hypocrisy /hi/。