四川大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础真题2010年

合集下载

2010年四川大学英语专业(语言学)真题试卷答案

一、名词解释1 【正确答案】 Language as interaction involves not just vocal behavior but many kinds of behavior and to engage in face-to-face communication is to co-monitor with the other person on a behavioral continuum along which a succession of integrated events can be expected to occur.【试题解析】 (考查语言交际论的定义)2 【正确答案】 It refers to the use of language for the sheer joy of using it, such as singing or poetry writing.【试题解析】 (考查语言的娱乐功能)3 【正确答案】 Universal grammar holds that there are certain fundamental grammatical ideas which all humans possess without having to learn them, which acts as a way to explain how language acquisition works in humans by showing the most basic rules that all languages have to follow.【试题解析】 (考查普遍语法的定义)4 【正确答案】 Fricative consonant is produced when there is close approximation of two articulators so that the airstream is partially obstructed and turbulent airflow is produced, which includes[f],[v],[θ], and so on.【试题解析】 (考查摩擦音的定义)5 【正确答案】 IC analysis, short for Immediate Constituent Analysis, refers to the analysis of a sentence in terms of its immediate constituents—word groups(or phrases), which are in turn analyzed into the immediate constituents of their own, and the process goes on until the ultimate constituents are reached.【试题解析】 (考查直接成分分析法)6 【正确答案】 Conceptual meaning, also called denotative meaning, involves the relationship between a linguistic unit and the nonlinguistic entities to which it refers. Forexample, a desk is a piece of furniture with a flat top and four legs, at which one reads and writes; and a dog is an animal kept as a pet, for guarding buildings, or for hunting.【试题解析】 (考查概念意义)7 【正确答案】 Radiation is a semantic process in which the primary meaning stands at the centre and the secondary meanings proceed out of it in every direction like rays. The meanings are independent of one another, but can all be traced back to the central meaning. For example, the primary meaning of the word "neck" is that part of a man or animal jointing the head to the body, but it can also mean the neck of an animal used as food. Therefore, we can say "neck" has developed through the process of radiation. Another example is the word " head". In the phrases like the head of a school, to come to a head, the word " head" has different meanings, but they all derive from special application of the central idea of head as a part of the body.【试题解析】 (考查词义辐射)8 【正确答案】 Performative verbs are verbs carried out simply by means of uttering them aloud. The uttering of the verbs is, or is a part of, the doing of the action. Performative verbs include "promise" ,"invite" /'apologize" , and so on. For example, when a judge sentences someone to jail time, the action is completed when he or she says, "I hereby sentence you to five years in prison," or in sentences like "I name this ship the Queen Elizabeth. "【试题解析】 (考查施为性动词)9 【正确答案】 Conversational implicature is proposed by H. P. Grice. It refers to a type of implied meaning, which is deduced on the basis of the conventional meaning of words together with the context, under the guidance of the CP and its maxims. In this sense, implicature is comparable to illocutionary force in speech act theory in that they are both concerned with the contextual side of meaning, or 言外之意 in Chinese. For example, the sentence "Mary had a baby and got married" strongly suggests that Mary had the baby before the wedding, but the sentence would still be strictly true if Mary had her baby after she got married. To make it clearer, we can see another Chinese examplein a film. A boy says to a girl “你不戴眼镜时很漂亮”, and the girl immediately responds “我戴眼镜时一定很丑了”. Now the boy may have reason to deny that the girl's interpretation is what he said. But he may not be able to deny in all fairness that this is, at least partly, what he implied.【试题解析】 (考查会话含义理论)10 【正确答案】 Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis suggests that our language helps mould our way of thinking and, consequently, different languages may probably express our unique ways of understanding the world. The hypothesis has two important points, linguistic determinism and linguistic relativity. The principle of linguistic relativity holds that the structure of a language affects the ways in which its speakers are able to conceptualize their world, i. e. their world view. One of the examples is that there are many words for "snow" in the Inuit language, and the other example is that there are many words for "horse" in the Mongolian language.【试题解析】 (考查语言相对论)二、词汇题11 【正确答案】assets→asset12 【正确答案】 burgl ar→burgle13 【正确答案】enthusiasm→enthuse14 【正确答案】greedy→greed15 【正确答案】hushed→hush16 【正确答案】automation→automate17 【正确答案】donation→donate18 【正确答案】escalator→escalate19 【正确答案】homesickness→homesick20 【正确答案】amusingly→amusing三、简答题21 【正确答案】 We have to teach culture in the language classroom because language is an indispensable carrier of culture. Culture finds a better representation through language use. A joint study of these two subjects will definitely broaden the horizon of the students' knowledge and enhance the study of language. The correlation highlights the pursuit of the relationship between the two.(2 points)Therefore, we have to keep in mind that it is a rather difficult job to know another culture. At the same time, we have to realize the fascinating role of cultural knowledge in language teaching.(1 point)In language teaching, we have to get the students familiar with cultural differences; to help the students transcend their own culture and see things as the members of the target culture will; and to emphasize the inseparability of understanding language and understanding culture through various classroom practices. All in all, successful mastery of a given language has much to do with an understanding of that culture.(2 points)【试题解析】考查文化在外语教学中的重要意义。

翻译硕士英语2010答案

,
是蓝领工人 ,因为这些行业与经济运行的好坏最相关。D选项正是此意。A,B,C 选项与此无关。 ” “.B 由本文最后一段最后一句话 ,“ But in the long血 n。 ¨psychdogically dyna血 ℃ ,可知从长期来看 ,这种失业现象必然会导致政治上 ,经济上和心理上的危险。因此可推测失业问题最终会导致严重的社会问题。B选项正是此意。A,C,D选项与此无关。 Passage Two es枷,Ds36Jo40仞昭 Dc“ 〃 @刀仂纟roJJov枷留 pJfscgB。口刃 %.C 由文章第二段最后一句话 ,“ A homone。 ¨山ings hⅡ pen dsewhere。 ” ,可知 ,荷尔蒙是由一处组织产生而作用于另一处组织的化学组织。因此 ,C选项正是此意 ,它会对身体的另一个部分产生影响。A,B,D选项文中均未提及。 3T。 D 此题可用排除法。答案应定位在第三段。A选项中提到的 scientists,function在第三段中都从未出现过 ,所以为无关选项 ,排除。B选项中提到 frequentˇ ,而分泌荷尔蒙的频率在此段中也未提到 ,排除。C选项中的 aging process在此段中也没有出现排除。因此 ,此题应选 D选项。 38.D 原文高亮处的意思是 :最普遍的荷尔蒙的影响力是不显著的 ,但是却很深远而且难以追踪 :他们可以改变情绪 ,影响人类的行为 ,甚至会影响通常看来是自发的那些行为。A选项将句意的重点放在了情绪和行为上 ,但文中的句子的重点则是荷尔蒙及其作用 ,因此 A选项错误。B选项中提到的科学家现在还不肯定荷尔蒙的影响的深远程度 ,属于无关信息。C选项中的 urgent tre乱 ment属于无关信息。D选项的意思是 :荷尔蒙的影响难以衡量 ,但是它可以影响人类的心理和行动。正确。 40

川大2012年硕士研究生入学考试试题(英语翻译基础)

川大2012年硕士研究生入学考试试题（英语翻译基础）考试科目：351英语翻译基础适用专业：英语口译、英语笔译I. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target languages respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one pint for each. (30)CPISMEWWFISOCIFFoxconnMOFCOMTPPIPCCChemical Oxygen Demandthe 100,000 Strong Initiative by President Obama carbon foot printdebt ceilingsolar photovoltaicsStandard Poors非关税壁垒平板电视廉租房经济二次触底海选剩男剩女地沟油潜规则中国载人航天计划紧缩性货币政策云计算民心工程智能城市《海峡两岸经济合作框架协议》《中庸》II. Directions: Translate the following source texts into their target languages respectively. If the source text is in English, its target language is Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese, its target language is English. (120)Source Text 1:High-speed ground transportation (HSGT) technologies with vehicle speeds exceeding 150 mph can be divided into two basic categories: High-speed rail (HSR) systems, with top speeds between 150 and 200 mph, use steel wheels on steel rails, as with traditional railroads, but canachieve higher speeds because of the design of both the rail bed and cars.High-speed magnetic levitation (MAGLEV) systems, with top speeds between 250 and 300 mph, use forces of attraction or repulsion from powerful magnets placed in either the vehicle or the guideway beneath it both to lift the vehicle above the guideway and to propel it forward. A MAGLEV vehicle can be likened to a flying train or a guided aircraft.If linked effectively with highways and air service, HSGT technologies particularly MAGLEV could have a significant impact on congestion in the future.When comparing HSR with MAGLEV technologies, MAGLEV appears to be the technology of choice. Though the new generation of HSR technology can reach commercial speeds of up to 186 mph, additional increases in speed pose great engineering problems, suggesting that rail transportation is a mature technology. MAGLEV technology, on the other hand, is in its infancy and will improve substantially with additional engineering.Source Text 2:The fortunate people in the worldthe only really fortunate people in the world, in my mind, are those whose work is also their pleasure. Theclass is not a large one, not nearly so large as it is often represented to be; and authors are perhaps one of the most important elements in its composition. They enjoy in this respect at least a real harmony of life. To my mind, to be able to make your work your pleasure is the one class distinction in the world worth striving for; and I do not wonder that others are inclined to envy those happy human beings who find their livelihood in the gay effusions of their fancy, to whom every hour of labor is an hour of enjoyment, to whom repose however necessaryis a tiresome interlude, and even a holiday is almost deprivation. Whether a man writes well or ill, has much to say or little, if he cares about writing at all, he will appreciate the pleasures of composition. To sit at ones table on a sunny morning, with four clear hours of uninterruptible security, plenty of nice white paper, and a Squeezer penthat is true happiness. The complete absorption of the mind upon an agreeable occupationwhat more is there than that to desire? What does it matter what happens outside? The House of Commons may do what it likes, and so may the House of Lords. The heathen may rage furiously in every part of the globe. The bottom may be knocked clean out of the American market. Consols may fall and suffragettes may rise. Never mind, for four hours, at any rate, we will withdraw ourselves from a common, ill-governed, and disorderly world, and with the key of fancy unlock that cupboard where all the good things of the infinite are put away.Source Text 3:锦江在秦汉时代称为成都二江，包括郫江和检江。

2013年四川大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2013年四川大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 词语翻译 2. 英汉互译词语翻译英译汉1．SAARC正确答案：南亚区域合作联盟2．P5-plus-l正确答案：(联合国安全理事会的五个常任理事国+德国)P5+1集团3．QE 3正确答案：第三轮量化宽松政策4．CDM正确答案：清洁发展机制5．BRICS正确答案：金砖五国6．UNCTAD正确答案：联合国贸易发展会议7．SCO正确答案：上海合作组织8．Hamid Karzai正确答案：哈米德·卡尔扎伊9．Fiscal Cliff正确答案：财政悬崖10．mandatory evacuation正确答案：强制撤离11．Non Aligned Movement正确答案：不结盟运动12．CO2 equivalent正确答案：二氧化碳等价物13．social media正确答案：社交媒体14．UN General Assembly 67 th Session正确答案：第67届联合国大会15．hybrid cars正确答案：混合动力汽车汉译英16．亚欧首脑会议正确答案：Asia—Europe Summit Meeting17．中共十八大正确答案：the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China 18．移动媒体正确答案：mobile media19．光棍节正确答案：Singles’Day20．反倾销与反补贴正确答案：anti—dumping and anti-subsidy21．电视相亲正确答案：TV dating22．上海期货交易所正确答案：Shanghai Futures Exchange23．富二代正确答案：the affluent second generation24．海上风能正确答案：offshore wind energy25．早稻田大学正确答案：Waseda University26．车载信息系统正确答案：info-telematic system27．伦敦金融城正确答案：City of London28．资产负债表正确答案：balance sheet29．“被就业”正确答案：falsification of graduates employment status 30．《文心雕龙》正确答案：The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons 英汉互译英译汉31．The misfortunes of human beings may be divided into two classes: First, those inflicted by the non-human environment and, second, those inflicted by other people. As mankind has progressed in knowledge and technique, the second class has become a continually increasing percentage of the total. In old times, famine, for example, was due to natural causes, and although people did their best to combat it, large numbers of them died of starvation. At the present moment large parts of the world are faced with the threat of famine, but although natural causes have contributed to the situation, the principal causes are human. For six years the civilized nations of the world devoted all their best energies to killing each other, and they find it difficult suddenly to switch over to keeping each other alive. Having destroyed harvests, dismantled agricultural machinery, and disorganized shipping, they find it no easy matter to relieve the shortage of crops in one place by means of a superabundance in another, as would easily be done if the economic system were in normal working order. As this illustration shows, it is now man that is man’s worst enemy. Nature, it is true, still sees to it that we are mortal, but with the progress in medicine it will become more and more common for people to live until they have had their fill of life. We are supposed to wish to live forever and to look forward to the unending joys of heaven, of which, by miracle, the monotony will never grow stale. But in fact, if you question any candid person who is no longer young, he is very likely to tell you that, having tasted life in this world, he has no wish to begin again as a ‘new boy’in another. For the future, therefore, it may be taken that the most important evils that mankind have to consider are those which they inflict upon each other through stupidity or malevolence or both.正确答案：人类的不幸可以分为两种类型，第一种是非人类的环境因素强加的不幸，第二类是其他人造成的不幸。

四川大学翻译硕士英语真题2010年

四川大学翻译硕士英语真题2010年(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Part Ⅰ Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：30.00)1.Tom is the most ______ pupil in the class.（分数：1.50）A.industrious √B.indulgentC.industrialistD.industrial解析：indulgent放纵的；溺爱的。

industrialist工业家，实业家。

industrial工业的；产业的。

2.The mayor of the city is a ______ old man.（分数：1.50）A.respectiveB.respectfulC.respectingD.respectable √解析：respectable可敬的；有名望的。

respective各自的。

respectful有礼貌的；尊重人的。

respecting 动词现在分词形式。

3.I believe reserves of coal here ______ to last for fifty years.（分数：1.50）A.efficientB.sufficient √C.proficientD.effective解析：sufficient充足的，充分的。

efficient效率高的；有能力的。

proficient熟练的；能手。

4.Mr. Smith complained about the ______ air-conditioner he had bought from the company.（分数：1.50）A.infectiousB.deficientC.ineffectiveD.defective √解析：defective有缺陷的，有瑕疵的。

infectious传染的；有感染力的。

deficient不足的，缺乏的。

ineffective无效的，不起作用的。

[考研类试卷]2010年四川大学英语专业(语言学)真题试卷.doc

[考研类试卷]2010年四川大学英语专业（语言学）真题试卷一、名词解释1 State what you know about the following terms IN ONE SENTENCE FOR EACH; language as interaction2 recreational function of language3 UG(universal grammar)4 fricative consonant5 IC analysis6 Define the following terms with at least two examples;conceptual meaning7 radiation in word meaning8 performative verb9 conversational implicature10 linguistic relativity二、词汇题11 Determine the original term from which the following words were back-formed:(10 points)asset12 burgle13 enthuse14 greed15 hush16 automate17 donate18 escalate19 homesick20 amusing三、简答题21 Why do we need to teach culture in our language classroom?22 What is communicative competence? How should we develop it in our foreign language learning?23 Please briefly answer the following question IN ABOUT 500 WORDS:(10 points) Anthropological linguists E. Sapir and B. Whorf claim that the language a people use shapes their perspective of perception, which in turn shapes their thought. The key notions of their famous " Sapir-Whorfian Hypothesis" include " language determinism" and " language relativity". Do you know anything about the notions of theirs? If you do, what is your opinion on it? Please briefly express your ideas in a passage.。

四川大学357英语翻译基础2010-2016年专业课真题试卷

＂队叫大夕
2011 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题考试科目：英语翻译基础科目代码： 357 适用专业：英语笔译(MTD、英语口译(MTI)
（答案必须写在答题纸上， l Directions: Translate thefollowing words, abbreviations or ter. languages respectively. There are altogether 30 items· and 15 in Chinese, with one pintfor each. (3"'
the U.S. Still more animals are used to test the�afety ofcosmetics, household cleansers a
other consumer products. These innocent primates, dogs, cats, rabbits and other an·
used against their will as research subjects in experiments and procedure
considered claim that
sadistically cruel were they not conducted they must be allowed unfettered access to
1..
NBA
UNEP
DNA
principle ofcommon but differentiated responsibilities
1q.
Merg�r & Acquisition
11.
Fannie Mae & Freddie Mac

大学翻译硕士MTI历年考研真题-2010年四川大学翻译硕士357真题

2010年四川大学翻译硕士357真题翻译硕士（MTI）备考系列I. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one pint for each. (30’)1. OECD2. NASA3. IAEA4. ASEM5. UNICEF6. ASEAN7. APEC8. IPR9. CEPA10. Special Safeguard Mechanism11. Sub-prime Mortgage Crisis12. Free Trade Agreement13. bonded warehouse14. Encyclopedia Britannica15. binary opposition16. 《论语》17. 《红楼梦》18. 扫黄打非19. 西部大开发20. 高度自治21. 发烧门诊22. 转基因食品23. 小排量汽车24. 温室气体排放25. 创业板26. 中国特色的社会主义市场经济27. 选秀28. 外交庇护29. 稳健的货币政策30. 摸着石头过河II. Directions: Translate the following source texts into their target languages respectively. If the source text is in English, its target language is Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese, its target language is English. (120’)Source Text 1:For the Greeks, beauty was a virtue: a kind of excellence. Persons then were assumed to be what we now have to call--lamely, enviously-- whole persons. If it did occur to the Greeks to distinguish between a person's "inside" and "outside," they still expected that inner beauty would be matched by beauty of the other kind. The well-born young Athenians who gathered around Socrates found it quite paradoxical that their hero was so intelligent, so brave, so honorable, so seductive-- and so ugly. One of Socrates' main pedagogical acts was to be ugly-- and to teach those innocent, no doubt splendid-looking disciples of his how full of paradoxes life really was. They may have resisted Socrates' lesson. We do not. Several thousand years later, we are more wary of the enchantments of beauty. We not only split off--with the greatest facility--the 'inside" (character, intellect) from the "outside" (looks); but we are actually surprised when someone who is beautiful is also intelligent, talented, good.Source Text 2:Frankly speaking, Adam, I created Eve to tame you. Indeed she is wiser than you because she knows less but understands more. Charm is her strength just as your strength is charm. Doubtless you are active, eager, passionate, variable, progressive and original but she is passive, stable, sympathetic and faithful. In other words you are like animals which use up energy, whereas she is like the plants which store up energy. Henceforth you have got to get along with her willy-nilly in sun and rain, joys and sorrows, peace and turbulence. For you the Rubicon has been crossed. It is up to you now to make the situation a blessing or a curse. I would refuse to entertain any more request from you to take her back.Source Text 3:新疆维吾尔自治区地处中国西北边陲，亚欧大陆腹地，面积166.49万平方公里，占中国国土面积六分之一，陆地边境线5600公里，周边与8个国家接壤，是古丝绸之路的重要通道。

大学翻译硕士MTI历年考研真题-2013四川大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题(回忆版)(1)

2013四川大学翻译硕士MTI考研试题（回忆版）我尽量回忆全，水平太差，做题时间都不怎么够，整个状态都很紧张……所以记得不太全，以下顺序按记忆清晰程度排列。

一、汉语百科名词解释（25个）：1. 文艺复兴人文主义中世纪2. 易经形而上形而下3. 爱默生苏格拉底儒家4. 印度教伊斯兰教佛教5. 美国国会参议院众议院6. CPI PPI 通货膨胀7. 诺曼底登陆盟军第二战场8. 细胞学说能量守恒定律生物进化论马克思主义应用文：为某制药公司的中成药心血安康丸写说明书，450字左右。

考前看过一篇清热解毒丸的说明书倒是不难但我咋觉得要凑够450字那么不容易。

反正我应该是没够大作文：材料是今年关于央视“大裤衩”，苏州“秋裤楼”，以及传闻沈阳抚顺交界处即将修建的“大铁圈”等奇楼高楼引发的关于经济文化的质疑与思考，自拟题目800字。

二、英语翻译基础术语及缩略语翻译（30个）：P5+1，UNCTAD，SCO，CDM，BRICS，the 67th Session of the UN General Assembly 67th Session，fisical cliff，CO2 enquivalent，SAARC，QE 3，Social media，Mandatory evacuation，Non-Aligned movement，Hamid karzai中共十八大，移动媒体，亚欧首脑会议，光棍节，早稻田大学，海上风能，反倾销与反补贴，上海期货交易所，车载信息系统，伦敦金融城，电视相亲，文心雕龙英译汉：1. 罗素的文章网上有原文The misfortunes of humanbeings may be divided into two classes: First, thoseinflicted by the non-human environment and, second, those inflicted by otherpeople. As mankind have progressed in knowledge and technique, the secondclass has become a continually increasing percentage of the total. In oldtimes, famine, for example, was due to natural causes, and although peopledid their best to combat it, large numbers of them died of starvation. Atthe present moment large parts of the world are faced with the threat offamine, but although natural causes have contributed to the situation, theprincipal causes are human. For six years the civilized nations of the worlddevoted all their best energies to killing each other, and they find itdifficult suddenly to switch over to keeping each other alive. Having destroyedharvests, dismantled agricultural machinery, and disorganized shipping,they find it no easy matter to relieve the shortage of crops in one placeby means of a superabundance in another, as would easily be done if theeconomic system were in normal working order. As this illustration shows,it is now man that is man's worst enemy. Nature, it is true, still seesto it that we are mortal, but with the progress in medicine it will becomemore and more common for people to live until they have had their fill oflife. We are supposed to wish to live for ever and to look forward to theunending joys of heaven, of which, by miracle, the monotony will never growstale. But in fact, if you question any candid person who is no longer young, he is very likely to tell you that, having tasted life in this world, hehas no wish to begin again as a 'new boy' in another. For the future, therefore, it may be taken that much the most important evils that mankind have toconsider are those which they inflict upon each other through stupidityor malevolence or both.人的不幸可分为两类：第一类，乃由非人为的客观环境所造成，第二类，由他人所造成。

四川大学2010年翻译硕士MTI英语试题

考试科目：211翻译硕士英语适用专业：英语口译（MTI）、英语笔译（MTI）（试题共13页）（注意：答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题上不给分）I. Vocabulary and grammar (30’)Multiple choiceDirections: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.1. T om is the most ___________ pupil in the class.A. industriousB. indulgentC. industrialistD. industrial2. The mayor of the city is a ________old man.A. respectiveB. respectfulC. respectingD. respectable3. I believe reserves of coal here __________ to last for fifty years.A. efficientB. sufficientC. proficientD. effective4. Mr. Smith complained about the __________air-conditioner he had bought fromthe company.A. infectiousB. deficientC. ineffectiveD. defective5. All the students were excited at the __________of a weekend sports competition.A. opinionB. viewC. thoughtD. idea6. The traveler’s passport established his ___________.A. proofB. evidenceC. identityD. case7. When we credit the successful people with intelligence, physical strength or greatluck, we are making excuses for ourselves because we fall________ in all three.A. rareB. shortC. lackingD. scarce8. My sister is quite __________ and plans to get an M.A degree within one year.A. aggressiveB. enthusiasticC. considerateD. ambitious9. The twins are so much __________ that it is difficult to tell one from the other.A. similarB. sameC. likeD. alike10. His eyes were injured in a traffic accident, but after a __________ operation, hequickly recovered his sight.A. considerateB. delicateC. preciseD. sensitive11. The chief foods eaten in any country depend largely on _________ best in itsclimate and soil.A. it grownB. does it grownC. what growsD. what does it grow12. The fragrances of many natural substances come from oils, __________ these oilsmay be used in manufacturing perfumes.A. ofB. whetherC. fromD. and13. If only our team ___________ one more point!A. scoresB. had scoredC. scoredD. havescored14. ___________, he could not lift the weight.A. Strong while he wasB. However strong as he wasC. Strong as he wasD. Strong although he was15. T om is one of the top students who __________ by the headmaster.A. have been praisedB. has been praised dC. have praisedD. are praised16. Y ou could do it, if you _________ try hard enough.A. mightB. shouldC. couldD. would17. The chairman requested that ___________.A. the members studies the problem more carefullyB. the problem would be more carefully studiedC. the members had studied the problem with more careD. the problem be studied with more care18. George would certainly have attended the proceedings__________.A. if he didn’t get a flat tireB. if the flat tire hadn’t happenedC. had he not had a flat tireD. had the tire not flattened itself19. I would appreciate _________ it a secret.A. you to keepB. that you would keepC. your keepingD. that you are keeping20. W e _________ the letter yesterday, but it didn’t arriveA. must receiveB. must have receivedC. ought to receiveD. ought to have receivedII. Reading comprehension (40’)Section 1 Multiple choice (20’)Directions: In this section there are reading passages followed by multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your answer sheet. Passage AThis year some twenty-three hundred teen-agers from all over the world will spend about ten months in U.S. homes. They will attend U.S. schools, meet U.S. teen-agers, and form lifelong impressions of the real America. At the same time, about thirteen hundred American teen-agers will go abroad to learn new languages and gain a new understanding of world problems. On returning home they, like others who have participated in the exchange program, will pass along their fresh impressions tothe youth groups in which they are active.What have the visiting students discovered? A German boy says, “We often think of America only in terms of skyscrapers, Cadillacs, and gangsters. Americans think of Germany only in terms of Hitler and concentration camps. Y ou can’t realize how wrong you are until you see for yourself.”A Los Angeles girl says, “It’s the leaders of the countries who are unable to get along. The people get along just fine.”Observe a two-way student exchange in action. Fred Herschbach, nineteen, spent last year in Germany at the home of George Pfafflin. In turn, Mr. Pfafflin’s son Michael spent a year in the Herschbach home in T exas.Fred, lanky and lively, knew little German when he arrived, but after two months’study the language began to come to him. School was totally different from what he had expected--much more formal, much harder. S tudents rose respectfully when the teacher entered the room. They took fourteen subjects instead of the six that are usual in the United States. There were almost no outside activities.Family life, too, was different. The father’s word was law, and all activities revolved around the closely knit family unit rather than the individual. Fred found the food--mostly starches—monotonous at first. Also, he missed having a car.“At home, you pick up some kids in a car and go out and have a good time. In Germany, you walk, but you soon get used to it.”A warm-natured boy, Fred began to make friends as soon as he had mastered enough German to communicate. “I didn’t feel as if I were with foreigners. I felt as I did at home with my own people.” Eventually he was invited to stay at the homes of friends in many of Germany’s major cities. “One’s viewpoint is broadened,” he says, “by living with people who have different habits and backgrounds. Y ou come to appreciate their points of view and realize that it is possible for all people in the world to come closer together. I wouldn’t trade this year for anything.”Meanwhile, in T exas, Mike Pfafflin, a friendly German boy, was also forming independent opinions. “I suppose I should criticize the schools,”he says. “It was far too easy by our standards. But I have to admit that I liked it enormously. In Germany we do nothing but study. I think that maybe your schools are better training for citizenship. There ought to be some middle ground between the two.” He took part in many outside activities, including the dramatic group.Mike picked up a favorite adjective of American youth; southern fried chicken was “fabulous.”When expressing a regional point of view, he used the phrase “we T exans.” Summing up his year, he says with feeling, “America is a second home for me from now on. I will love it the rest of my life.”This exciting exchange program was government sponsored at first; now it is in the hands of private agencies, including the American Field Service and the International Christian Y outh Exchange. Screening committees make a careful check on exchange students and host homes. T o qualify, students must be intelligent, adaptable, outgoing-potential leaders. Each student is matched, as closely as possible, with a young person in another country whose family has the same economic, cultural, and religious background.After their years abroad, all students gather to discuss what they observed. For visiting students to accept and approve of all they saw would be a defeat for the exchange program. They are supposed to observe, evaluate, and come to fair conclusions. Nearly all who visited the United States agreed that they had gained faith in American ideals and deep respect for the U.S brand of democracy. All had made friendships that they were sure would last a life-time. Almost all were struck by the freedom permitted American youth. Many were critical, though, of the indifference to study in American schools, and of Americans’ lack of knowledge about other countries.The opinions of Americans abroad were just as vigorous. A U.S. girl in Vienna: “At home, all we talk about is dating, movies, and clothes. Here we talk about religion, philosophy, and political problems. I am going to miss that.”A U.S boy in Sweden: “I learned to sit at home, read a good book, and gain some knowledge. It I told them this back home, they would think I was a square.”An American girl in Stuttgart, however, was very critical of the German school. “Over here the teacher is king, and you are somewhere far below. Instead of being friend and counselor, as in America the teacher is regarded as a foe—and behaves like it too!”It costs a sponsoring group about a thousand dollars to give an exchange student a year in the United States. T ransportation is the major expense, for bed, board, and pocket money are provided by volunteer families. There is also a small amount of federal support for the program.For some time now, attempts have been made to include students from iron curtain countries. But so far the Communists have not allowed their young people to take part in this program which could open their eyes to a different world.In Europe, however, about ten students apply for every place available, in Japan, the ratio is fifty to one. The student exchange program is helping these eager younger citizens of tomorrow learn a lot about the world today.1. Exchange students are generally placed in homes that areA. very similar to their own homes.B. typical of homes in the land they are visiting.C. as different from their own homes as is possible.D. None of the above.2. The greatest value of the program is that each visiting studentA. has a chance to travel in foreign countries.B. shares what he learned with others.C. learns a new language.D. gains a new understanding of world problems.3. Fred Herschbach and Mike Pfafflin agreed thatA. Americans are friendlier than Germans.B. German food is more monotonous than American food..C. German schools are harder than American schools.D. The teacher in German is king.4. The major expense that a group sponsoring an exchange student must meet isA. bed and board.B. pocket money and incidentals.C. transportation.D. transportation, bed board and pocket money.5. It is reasonable to suppose that the author wishes thatA. American schools provided fewer outside activities.B. more money were available to finance the exchange program.C. the program were government sponsored.D. visiting foreign students will completely accept the culture of America. Passage B“How many copies do you want printed, Mr. Greeley?”“Five thousand!” The answer was snapped back without hesitation.“But, sir,”the press foreman protested, “we have subscriptions for only five hundred newspapers.”“We’ll sell them or g ive them away.”The presses started rolling, sending a thundering noise out over the sleeping streets of New Y ork City. The New York Tribune was born.The newspaper’s founder, owner, and editor, Horace Greeley, anxiously snatched the first copy as it came sliding off the press. This was his dream of many years that he held in his hand. It was as precious as a child. Its birth was the result of years of poverty, hard work, and disappointments.Hard luck and misfortune had followed Horace all his life. He was born of poor parents on February 3, 1811, on a small farm in New Hampshire. During his early childhood, the Greeley family rarely had enough to eat. They moved from one farm toanother because they could not pay their debts. Y oung Horace’s only boyhood fun was reading—when he could snatch a few moments during a long working day.The printed word always fascinated Horace. When he was only ten years old, he applied for a job as an apprentice in a printing shop. But he didn’t get the job because he was too young.Four years later, Horace walked eleven miles to East Poultney in Vermont to answer an ad. A paper called the Northern Spectator had a job for a boy. The editor asked him why he wanted to be a printer. Horace spoke up boldly: “Because, sir, I want to learn all I can about newspapers.”The editor looked at the oddly dressed boy. Finally he said, “Y ou’ve got the job, son.”For the first six months, room and board would be the only pay for his work. After that, he would get room and board and forty dollars a year.Horace hurried home to shout the good news to his family. When he got there, he learned that his family was about to move again—this time to Pennsylvania. Horace decided to stay and work. Mrs. Greeley hated leaving her son behind, but gave her consent. T wice during his apprenticeship Horace walked six hundred miles to visit his family. Each time, he took all the money he had saved and gave it to his father.The Spectator failed after Horace had spent four years working for it. He joined his family in Eric, Pennsylvania, and got a job on the Erie Gazette. Half the money he earned he gave to his family. The other half he saved to go to New Y ork.When he was twenty, Horance arrived in New Y ork with ten dollars in his pocket. He was turned down twice when he asked for a job. Finally he became a typesetter for John T West’s Printery. The only reason Horace got the job was that it was so difficult other printers wouldn’t take it. His job was to set a very small edition of the Bible. Horace almost ruined his eyes at that job.As young Greeley’s skill grew, better jobs came his way. He could have bought better clothes and moved out of his dingy room. But he was used to being poor, and his habits did not change. He spent practically nothing on himself. Even after his Tribune became a success, he lived as if he hadn’t enough money for his next meal.The Tribune grew and thrived. It was unlike any newspaper ever printed before in the United States. Greeley started a new type of journalism. His news stories were truthful and accurate. His editorials attacked as well as praised. Many people disagreed with what he wrote, but still they read it. The Tribune became America’s first nationwide newspaper. It was read as eagerly in the Midwest and Far West as it was in the East. Greeley’s thundering editorials became the most powerful voice in the land.Greeley and his Tribune fought for many causes. He was the first to come out for the right of women to vote. His Tribune was the leader in demanding protection for homesteads in the West. He aroused the north in the fight against slavery. During a depression in the East, jobless men asked what they could do to support themselves. Said Greeley: “Go W est, young man, go West!”As the Tribune gained more and more power, Greeley became more interested in politics. He led in forming and naming the Republican party. He, more than any other man, was responsible for Abraham Lincoln’s being named to run for President.Horace Greeley was first of all a successful newspaperman. He was also a powerful political leader. But he was not a popular man. In 1872 he ran for President against Ulysses S Grant. Grant was re-elected by an overwhelming margin.Greeley was then in deep mourning over the recent death of his wife. He was heart broken over losing the election. He never recovered from the double blow. Only weeks after his defeat, he died in New Y ork City. His beloved Tribune lived on after him as the monument he wanted. Just before he died, he wrote:“I cherish the hope that the journal I projected and established will live and flourish long after I shall have mouldered into forgotten dust, and that the stone that covers my ashes may bear to future eyes the still intelligible inscription, Founder of the New York Tribune.”6. Horace gladly accepted his first jobA. because of the kind of work it was.B. because of the high salary offered.C. because of the location of the office.D. because he couldn’t find any other job.7. When Horace founded the Tribune he wasA. already a rich and famous newspaperman.B. poor, but skilled in newspaper work.C. poor, but eager to learn newspaper work.D. rich and skilled in newspaper work.8. The Tribune was different from all other American papers because it wasA. available by subscription only.B. printed in New Y ork city.C. distributed throughout the nation.D. it offered the editor’s personal opinions only.9. Before the T ribune was founded, news reporting wasA. honest but uninteresting.B. distorted or dishonest.C. almost unknown.D. interesting but distorted.10. Greeley probably felt that his greatest accomplishment wasA. rising from poverty to wealth.B. becoming a popular political leader.C. founding the New York Tribune.D. All of the above.Section 2 Answering questions (20’)Directions: Read the following passages and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow each passage. Use only information from the passage you have just read and write your answer in the corresponding space in your answer sheet. Questions 1～3At seven o’clock each morning a bell sounds in the red brick buildings on the steep bank of the Hudson River at Ossining, New Y ork. As it rings, an entire, separate town of some 2300 persons comes to life. It is the prison town of Sing Sing, a world of men who are confined but also living, working, playing—and hoping. Sing Sing is a town that lives on hope.The seven o’clock bell is the signal for Sing Sing’s 1748 inmates and 514 man staff to begin another round of duties. The prisoners rise, wash and dress. They make up their narrow beds army-style and make certain that the objects on their dressers are regulation neat. By 7:15, when guards come along the runways to unlock the individual cells, the men are ready. They file slowly to the mess hall, falling into step along the way with friends and acquaintances. Each man grabs a tray and gets a breakfast of oatmeal with milk and sugar, bread, and coffee; he takes his seat at one of the long rows of eating benches, places the tray before him, and begins his breakfast. So starts the day in Sing Sing.Breakfast over, the men file from the mess hall and under the watchful eyes of guards, drop their eating utensils into boxes provided at the doors. At five minutes to eight they go outside in a long, chattering line down to the cluster of prison workshops.The prison has a dual function: it has its own permanent population, but it also serves as a receiving station for the great flow of prisoners from New Y ork City. Here they come to be examined, screened, and eventually transferred to upstate institutions.For the first two weeks, the new arrival is put through a series of mental, physical, and psychological examinations and given courses to prepare him for prison life. In each batch of new prisoners there are hardened men for whom prison can serve just one function—to remove them form society and keep them from doing further harm. But in each batch there are also those who can be helped and encouraged and turnedinto law-abiding citizens. It is toward these that most of the effort at the prison is directed.Sing Sing is a school, hospital, and factory as well as a prison. If initial tests show that a man is illiterate, he goes to the prison school to receive the equivalent of an eighth-grade education. If he needs medical treatment, he is sent to the prison hospital. If he shows some special aptitude, or appears capable of learning a trade, he is assigned to a regular job in one of the shops.The shops cover a wide range of activities. A man may be assigned to the printshop to learn the printer’s trade, or to the neighboring machine shop, where a twelve-month course turns raw trainees into good auto mechanics. Many of the prisons “graduates,”incapable of earning an honest living before, now support themselves on the good wages they make as skilled workers.The shops are busy until 11:40 a.m., when the men straggle up the slope to the mess hall for dinner. In the afternoons some men go back to the shops. Others may meet and talk with relatives in the prison’s visiting room. Athletes may spend hours running and drilling on the basketball court.The day’s work ends at 3:30, giving the men more than an hour of relative freedom before the supper whistle sounds at 4:40. With the evening meal, the day ends. The men go directly from the mess hall to their cell blocks and are locked in for the night. Each cell is equipped with a set of radio headphones tuned into programs sent over the prison circuit. A prisoner may read one of the well-thumbed volumes from the prison library, which circulates about 36,000 volumes a year, or he may work, as many inmates do, on a correspondence course to improve his chances of making a living when he gets out. Lights go out at ten o’clock. This routine does not vary greatly for any of Sing Sing’s inmates.“We run the prison like a city of eighteen hundred people, only of course with a lot more police,” says Warden Wilfred I. Denno. “Anything you couldn’t do on the outside, you can’t do on the inside. Y ou can’t fight, you can’t abuse an officer, you can’t steal. If you do, you’ll be punished. We hold court twice a week and try to make the punishment fit the crime.”This code is impressed on the prisoner from the start; it underlies his every move on every day he spends in Sing Sing. He is faced with clear alternatives. If he misbehaves, he received punishment in the form of restricted privileges or even strict confinement. In one typical week there were only five infractions of prison rules, most of which were minor. One man was reprimanded for not reporting to work on time, one for creating a disturbance by trying to shove his way into the mess-hall line ahead of those already waiting. In three weeks of reports there was only one case of serious,outright rebellion against prison discipline. An inmate who was to be released in a month suddenly refused to follow an officer’s order. He was promptly placed in segregation for the rest of his prison term. There are no dark holes or bread-and-water routines at Sing Sing—in segregation, the cells and the food are the same as in the rest of the prison. But a man’s movements are restricted. He is kept locked in his cell, isolated from his fellows, and cannot go to the movies or to the commissary.If a prisoner behaves, he accumulates “good time,” an important source of hope for most prisoners. Good time is the time by which, through his own good conduct, a prisoner may reduce his minimum sentence. Good behavior earns a man ten days good time a month. So a prisoner facing a three-to-six-year term would be able to appear before the parole board for possible release at the end of two years.Release then is not automatic. The parole board must consider many other factors. All that good time does is to guarantee a prisoner the right to appear before the parole board earlier than he otherwise could.The real importance of good time is that it gives a prisoner the one hope that stirs all Sing Sing—the hope of earlier parole, the hope of freedom. A prisoner has to hope, “Once you take away a man’s hope, you make a bitter man,”Warden Denno says. That is the problem of Sing Sing: to punish and yet avoid the deprivation of hope that can make an imprisoned man more desperate, more vengeful, and a greater menace to society.1. What is Sing Sing? Describe in your own words the functions of Sing Sing.2. Why would Warden Wilfred I. Denno compare running the prison to running acity?3. What does “good time” refer to? Does it have any importance to the prisoners? Questions 4～5T o all the world, nothing seems more completely American than the cowboy. Y et the truth is that the cowboy’s horse, clothes, and trade are all part of the rich heritage contributed by Mexico to her northern neighbor.Even the word cowboy is a translation of the Mexican term vaquero. The word cowboy was unknown to the American settlers who first headed west to T exas in the 1820’s. These people thought of themselves as farmers. In fact, the only cattle most of them brought were a cow or two for milk and a yoke of oxen to draw their plows. It was their Mexican neighbors—the Tejanos whose herds had roamed the open ranges since the early 1700’s—who introduced them to cattle raising, taught them to use the lariat, the branding iron, and the horned saddle, and showed them how to break the wild mustangs and round up the free-ranging longhorns. So well did the new T exans take to Tejano ways that soon you spoke fighin’words if you referred to them asanything as ordinary as mere “farmers.”They had been changed into saddle-proud ranchers.Later, as the cattle industry spread all over the W est, its Mexican origins were largely forgotten. But even today the language of the rangeland clearly shows how great were the cowboy’s borrowings. Corral, pinto, palomino, mesquite, bronco, rodeo, mesa, canyon, arroyo, loco, plaza, fiesta, pronto—by the hundreds Mexican words slipped into English with only a change in accent. Borrowed “by ear,”other words underwent weird alterations. From sabe came savvy, jàquima turned into hackamore, chaparajos was shortened to chaps, estampida was converted into stampede, vamos emerged as vamoose, and the juzgado gave birth to hoosegow. Even the famed ten-gallon hat got its name not from some T exan’s tall tale but from a Mexican song about a gaily decorated hat, or sombrero galoneado.In countless other ways the people of the United S tates are indebted to the Mexicans who once lived in the old Southwest. There were only seventy-five thousand of them when Mexico ceded the region to the United States, and these were scattered from the Gulf Coast in the east to the shores of the Pacific in the west. They had lived in the borderlands since 1598, more than twenty years before the Pilgrims sailed for the New World. In the course of more than 250 years they had left their mark on the land. Many of the western states in the United States still bear the lovely lyrical names the Mexican settlers first wrote upon their maps. So do countless rivers and mountains, and thousands of cities and towns—from Corpus Christi in T exas to all the Sans and Santas along the Pacific shore.Through trial and error, the rugged Mexicans had learned to survive and prosper in the dry, half-desert land, When English-speaking people poured into the region, the Spanish-speaking people shared their knowledge with the new settlers, making things much easier for them. Settlers in other parts of the United States did not have this advantage.In all the rest of the country, pioneers had to break their own trails. But those who headed west in gold rush days could follow the Santa Fe T rail from the Missouri to the Rockies. In the old settlements of New Mexico, the wagon trains could rest their oxen and replenish their supplies before moving on down the Old Spanish T rail on the T ucson-Yuma route.In the 1850’s, army engineers were sent west to survey the railroad routes that would link East with West. The northern parties had to find their own way through vast stretches of little-explored territory, but in the Southwest the surveyors merely remapped the trails that had been packed hard over the years by Mexican mule trains. Two major railroads—the Southern Pacific and the Santa Fe—and many mainhighways were built along the routes made by the early Spanish settlers when they first spread out into the new land.Early migrants from the East thought of the Southwest as a great desert, a land that had to be passed through, but was hardly to be settled upon. However, they changed their minds when they saw the rich green fields along the Rio Grande, fields that had been irrigated since the early 1600’s. In time the newcomers were able to turn even desert into some of the most fertile farmland in all the nation.Water laws gave the new settlers some trouble at first. They tried to use a syste m under which the landowners along the banks of a stream controlled its waters. This system worked well in the water-rich East, but in the dry lands of the Southwest it gave the lucky more water than they needed, while others on higher ground got none at all. In time all the western states had to switch over to the Mexican way—sharing water rights among all the owners whose land could be irrigated.Western sheep farmers, too, owe a great debt to their forerunners. For the small flocks that the early Mexican settlers had brought to Santa Fe had multiplied into large herds by the time the United States took over the Southwest. New Mexico supplied sheep to ranges all over the country. With the sheep went pastores, who still form a large percentage of the herdsmen in North America. Until the recent introduction of sheep clipping machines, sheepshearing was to a large extent a Mexican skill for which sheep ranchers in the States would bid eagerly.Mexicans have played an important part not only in cattle and sheep farming, but in mining as well. It was a Mexican who discovered the great Santa Rita copper deposit in New Mexico. T oday, miners of Mexican descent still form a major part of the work force in most of the copper mines of the Southwest. In industry, farming, and countless other fields, the United States owes a great deal to her neighbor.4. What is the purpose of this article, to demonstrate what Mexicans gave to theUnited States or how languages change and grow? Why?5. What does the fact that Easterners borrowed words such as corral, bronco,andcanyon suggest?III. Writing (30’)Write an essay of about 400 words to comment on the very short story below:Failed SAT. Lost scholarship. Invented rocket.。

2010年四川大学英语专业(语言学)真题试卷答案

2010年四川外国语大学翻译硕士英语真题答案

2010年四川外国语大学翻译硕士英语真题答案1. Evidence2. Precisely3. Distinction4. Distinguishes5. Constitute6. Interpolative (incarceration监禁，禁闭)7. justification8. Dialectics(descant:He is going to descant on the theme of our human mystery.他将在人类奥秘这个主题上作详细的评论。

)9. Highlighting 10. Commodification(商品化)（fortuitous adj.偶然发生的，偶然的adj.贸易的，商业的，商人的；重商主义的mercantile）11. Subversion 12. ConstantlyP322选择题6. B(incentive动机)7. A (洞悉)8. B9. A 10. D(tentative adj.试探性的；试验的；尝试性的；不确定的) 11. C(tow vt.拖，拉；牵引; toss vt.& vi.（轻轻或漫不经心地）扔；hurl用力投掷) 12. C13. B (compatible兼容的，相容的)14. C 15. C 16. A 17. B 18. D 19. D引诱(Elicit vt.引出，探出；诱出（回答等）) 20. D adv.唯一地；专门地III. Reading comprehensionReading passage 1Question 1~5BACEDQuestion 6~96. Phantom7. Sounds8. Depth9. SubmarinesQuestion 10~1310. Sonar 11. Radio waves 12. Underlying mathematical theories 13. ZoologistReading passage 214~26 14. xi 15. vii 16. v17. i 18.ix 19. ii 20. xQuestion 21~26 21. N 22. Y 23. N 24. Y 25. Y 26 NOT GIVENReading passage 3Question 27~30 DADBQuestion 31~36 F,F,F,T,NOT GIVEN,TQuestion 37~4037. placebo 38. Ritual 39. Well-known 40. spectacular第一部分：将下列术语翻译成中文，并用中文简单解释（本题共 15 分，每一题1 分）。

四川大学翻译硕士英语考试样题

翻译硕士英语考试科目：211翻译硕士英语适用专业：英语口译（MTI）、英语笔译（MTI）（试题共14页）（注意：答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题上不给分）I. Vocabulary and grammar (30’)Multiple choiceDirections: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.1. The forests were very dry because of the dry spell.A. tree lineB. explorersC. draftD. drought2. Self-denial is one of their tenets.A. reasonsB. doctrinesC. rentersD. figures3. The Iranians did not see eye to eye with the Americans about releasing the hostages.A. viewB. scareC. agreeD. quarrel4. The most pressing problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources.A. puzzlingB. difficultC. terrifyingD. urgent5. The firm of Bonnin and Morris in Philadelphia was probably the first American company to manufacture porcelain.A. silverwareB. crystalC. chinaD. linen6. Children who come from deprived families are frequently poor readers.A. without respectB. without experienceC. without fundsD. without legs7. They raised a hue and cry just outside the gate.A. surrenderedB. built a temporary shelterC. made a great deal of noiseD. flew the flag8. Carlo showed us his diagram if the machine.A. insidesB. screwsC. sketchD. masterpiece9. The beggar solicited passers-by for money.A. requestedB. scowled atC. bargained withD. chased10. He took on so much work, he had no time for pleasure.A. allowedB. increasedC. accomplishedD. assumed11. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of _________realityA. what it is conceivedB. that is conceivedC. what is conceived to beD. that is being conceived of12. Using many symbols makes _______ to put a large amount of information on a single map.A. possibleB. it is possibleC. it possibleD. that possible13. A vacuum tube is a glass tube from which most of the air has been removed, _______ an almost complete vacuum.A. creatingB. createsC. is creatingD. it creates14. Booker T. Washington, acclaimed as a leading educator at the turn of the century, _____ of a school that later became the Tuskegee Institute.A. took chargeB. taking chargeC. charge was takenD. taken charge15. True hibernation takes place only among _______ animals.A. whose blood is warmB. blood warmC. warm-bloodedD. they have warm blood16. In central Georgia, archaeological evidence indicates that Native Americans first inhabited the area________.A. since thirteen centuriesB. thirteen centuries agoC. the previous thirteen centuriesD. thirteen centuries were before17. In ________, the advent of the telephone, radio, and television has made rapid long-distance communication possible.A. one hundred years laterB. one hundred years agoC. the one hundred years sinceD. the last one hundred years18. ________, The Yearling, won a Pulitzer Prize.A. Marjorie Rawlings’best work wasB. Marjorie Rawlings’best workC. Her best work was Marjorie Rawlings’D. That Marjorie Rawlings’best work19. Abstraction goes into the making of any work of art, ________ or not.A. whether the artist being aware of itB. the artist is being aware whetherC. whether the artist is aware of itD. the artist is aware whether20. Not until 1931 ________ the official anthem of the United StatesA. “The Star-spangled Banner”did becomeB. when “The Star-spangled Banner”becameC. did “The Star-Spangle Banner”becomeD. became “The Star-spangled Banner”II. Reading comprehension (40’)Section 1 Multiple choice (20’)Directions: In this section there are reading passages followed by multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your answer sheet.Passage AJustice and injustice in criminal adjudication are more than abstract concept; in modern America each term conjures up its own paradigm image. Justice occurs in a somber courtroom where a robber reaches a legal decision. Injustice is a bloodthirsty mob bearing lit torches, intimidating on the doors of the jail desperate to wreak revenge upon the suspected wrongdoer held within.This image of injustice provides many normative insights. One that courts have frequently drawn is that in criminal adjudication emotion is unalterably opposed to reason and thus to justice itself. Taking this principle a step farther, courts have urged that the more a legal issue might provoke popular rage, the harder courts must work to insulate the legal decision from emotive influence. The classic example is capital sentencing, an occasion which evokes strong emotions. Here the Supreme Court has worked to ensure that “any decision to impose the death sentence be, and appear to be, based on reason rather than caprice or emotion”. The Court has, over a period of years, undertaken an extensive regulatory project aimed at suppressing emotive influence in capital cases by mandating rationalistic ruled to guide sentencing. This insistence upon the injustice of all emotion stems from a misconception of emotion and its influence upon criminal punishment. Although the mob at jail scene illustrates that anger can lead to injustice, it does not support the proposition that all decisions influenced by anger are morally tainted. Anger can be justified and have moral decision making is complex; untangling it involved a close examination of emotion than the law has generally undertaken.This has obvious significance for criminal law as a form of social concord. But it is also important or its alleged role as a restraint on power. Criminal law does little or nothing to restrict the efforts of the various professionals now responsible for preventing and reshaping deviant behavior. Rather it is them who have colonized its territory, as in the welfare of the professional authority that legitimates them and because they enter into the enabling role of the state as dispenser of benefits. This is to say nothing of other forms of market and bureaucratic power and social control exercised by groups other than government. Under these conditions the alleged protections of the criminal law seem premised on a nineteenth century view of the state and society; those interested in the law in the twentieth century must look to the potential of administrative law rather than to criminal law. Either way critical writers would be wasting their time here.Whilst there is a lot of truth in this picture of the declining importance of criminal law, it issensible not to exaggerate its loss of functions. From a critical point of view it would seem to retain a crucial ideological significance as being the form of closet touch with public. It is hard to credit the idea that these central liberal (bourgeois) notions have been displaced by the newer disciplines and strategies.1.The reason for the insulation of emotions in criminal adjudication is due to_______.A. the severity of the possible punishmentB. the social concern for the adjudicationC. the Supreme Court decisionD. the ideal of keeping order2. According to the author’s opinion, the origination of the insistence upon the injustice of all emotion is __________.A. that emotion is inevitably against reason and justiceB. the misunderstanding of emotion and its influenceC. the courts’hard work to prevent the legal decision from emotive influenceD. that the death sentence was based on reason through suppressing emotive influence3. Regards to the role of anger in adjudication, which statement is INCORRECT?A. Only part of the decisions is influenced by anger, though it can bring biases.B. Though moral decision-making is complex, anger can be justifiedC. Some decisions influenced by anger can be morally taintedD. Because of anger, moral decision-making is quite complicated4. The declining importance of criminal law is a consequence of ___________.A. the loss of importance of criminal law and increase of interest in government as a benefit dispenserB. the exaggeration of the importance of criminal law and decrease of interest in government affairsC. the new trend in legal studiesD. the new ideas pouring out in the administrative law field5. The review is primarily ___________.A. dubiousB. objectiveC. partialD. criticalPassage BThe Eskimos believe that a human being is made up of a body, a soul, and a name, and it not complete unless it has all three. This belief has a great effect on the Eskimo’s daily life and runs like a golden thread through the Eskimo culture.As for the soul of man, the Eskimos do not claim to know exactly what it is—but then, who does? They see it, however, as the beginning of life, the initiator of all activities within a being, and the energy without which life cannot continue.An Eskimo’s name is believed to have a life of its own. It combines all the good qualities and talents of all the persons who have been called by it. One may imagine it as a procession ofancestors stretching into the dim past and surrounding the present bearer of the name with a sort of magic protective aura.Many Eskimos believe that a newborn baby cries because it wants its name and will not be complete until it gets it. Immediately after a birth the angakok (medicine man) or some wise elders of the tribe gather to name the child. The name that is selected must be the name of someone who has died recently. The choice may in some cases call for much conjuring and soothsaying, and in other cases be self-evident. When my son was born, everyone realized that it was his great-grandfather, Mequsaq, who had died a few months before, who had been reborn in him. The newborn infant had a slight squint in the very same eye that old Mequsaq had lost to the cannibals in Baffin Land. This was taken as a sign from the name spirit that the baby should be called Mequsaq.When, in 1927, I returned to Thule for a visit, I found that no fewer than five little girls had been named Navarana after my dear late wife. So great was the confidence in Navarana’s ability and character that there was believed to be enough for all five children. It was thus a beautiful and touching memorial to her, though a slightly expensive one for me, since I had to give all the little girls presents.More often he newborn child was given several names, so as to have the highest possible protection, and certain names became great favorites. Calling so many by the same name was often very confusing. This custom was continued in Christianized Greenland. In the little settlement of Kook, in the Upernavik district, all five hunters were called Gaba (after the archangel Gabriel). I was told that some years before, a great man called Gaba had died, and after his death several unmistakable signs indicated that his spirit was still active. To please the spirit, many boy babies were named after it. In order to distinguish between them they called them “fat Gaba,”“Little Gaba,”etc.A Polar Eskimo would never mention himself by name. Doing so could break the name’s magic protection. And since the ever jealous spirits are always listening, it could cause great trouble. It seemed strange to me in the beginning, when I met somebody in the dark of winter, that I was never able to get any information other than “Oanga”(it is I). Finally I learned to know them all by their voices.The Eskimo people believe also in the magic protective power of amulets, However, it isn’t the amulet itself that protects from harm—it is the properties that the amulet possesses. It is almost always the boys and the men who are given amulets, for they are the ones who expose themselves to all the dangers of nature while the women stay at home. When a girl is given amulets, it is usually to insure that she have strong sons. Great care goes into the selection of amulets. My wife Navarana carried a little ball of polished wood with her always. Wood cannot feel pain, and possession of it means great wealth; thus it is thought that a wooden amulet can insure the owner a rich and painless life.One of the most popular amulets is the foot of a raven, which is put on a string around the necks of newborn babies. This is believed to be a very valuable charm because no bird can get along under as hard conditions as does the raven. The raven finds food where other animals starve to death—it can live on almost nothing.At the end of my first walrus hunt at Thule, Ayorsalik, one of the hunters, decided that raven meat was to be eaten in my honor. The purpose of the raven feast, he said, was to make sure that the good luck I had had that morning would continue indefinitely.Two of the younger men shot three ravens that had been hovering expectantly near our campfire. Ayorsalik out the pot on to boil, and the ravens were skinned and cooked.Their taste was revolting, and later I ate that bird only in times of great hunger. On this occasion Ayorsalik handed me all three hearts and livers with his fingers; they went down, but they almost came up again. I don’t know whether this ritual had any effect. But later on, whenever I had sizable game, Ayorsalik claimed I would lose the ravens’power if I were not to share with him.Another interesting custom of the Eskimos is their ceremony of reverence for ancestors. On the rock of Agpat, near Thule, where the burial ground was, both men and women would sit for hour after hour in quiet meditation. Dressed in their finest clothing, they would stare out over the horizon without moving. They believed that during this stillness they received the wisdomof their ancestors. It is the nearest thing to religious devotion I have seen among them, and it is, I think, the most beautiful form of worship I have ever seen.To the Eskimo, nature is full of evil spirits ready to work ill if a sin or breach of taboo is committed. When a tribe is afflicted with sickness or bad weather or starvation, it is up to the angakok to find out how the people, knowingly or unknowingly, have offended the spirits. He can summon his helping spirits, he can travel to the underworld, under the sea, and through rocks, and thus find out where the trouble is.Essentially, angakoks are people who are experienced in the state of trance. I have often observed even the people serving in our house at Thule in a state of trance, sometimes for days on end. To understand the Eskimos, it is necessary to remember the long depressing winter with its black darkness and its aura of lurking evil, and the summer with its perpetual sunshine that wearies the mind and confuses the senses. Every fall we had a veritable epidemic of evil spirits along with the storms and the darkness of winter setting in. There was always panic at this time.The Eskimos know no benevolent god. They believe that the spirits of the angakoks and the protective spells of names and amulets are their only defense against a cold and hostile land.6. If asked “Who is it?”an Eskimo would answer only “It is I,”because______.[A] he would not want anyone to know who he was[B] if he said his own name he would break its spell[C] he did not know his actual name[D] Both A and B.7. There is evidence in the passage that the author’s wife had______.[A] won the Eskimos’approval during several visits[B] many names[C] been accepted by the Eskimos only because of their love for her husband.[D] been an Eskimo herself8. According to the passage, Eskimos depend most heavily on______.[A] evil spirits[B] charms and magic[C] a helpful god[D] nature9. The word “revolting”in paragraph 12 means______.[A] shocking[B] rebellious[C] nauseating[D] wicked10. The Eskimo believed that sitting quietly near their buried ancestors_______.[A] was the best way to express faith in God[B] helped the hunters to find food[C] gave them the wisdom of their ancestors[D] was the best way to pay tribute to the dead.Section 2 Answering questions (20’)Directions: Read the following passages and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow each passage. Use only information from the passage you have just read and write your answer in the corresponding space in your answer sheet.Questions 1～3What do we mean by leisure, and why should we assume that it represents a problem to be solved by the arts? The great ages of art were not conspicuous for their leisure-at least, art was not an activity associated with leisure. It was a craft like any other, concerned with the making of necessary things. Leisure, in the present meaning of the word, did not exist. Leisure, before the Industrial Revolution meant no more than “time”or “opportunity”; “If your leisure serv'd, I would speak with you”, says one of Shakespeare's characters. Phrases which we still use, such as “at your leisure”, preserve this original meaning.But when we speak of leisure nowadays, we are not thinking of securing time or opportunity to do something; time is heavy on our hands, and the problem is how to fill it. Leisure no longer signifies a space with some difficulty secured against the pressure of events: rather it is a pervasive emptiness for which we must invent occupations-Leisure is a vacuum, a desperate state of vacancy--a vacancy of mind and body. It has been commandeered by the sociologists and the psychologists: it is a problem.Our diurnal existence is divided into two phases, as distinct as day and night. We callthem work and play. We work so many hours a day, and, when we have allowed the necessary minimum for such activities as eating and shopping, the rest we spend in various activities which are known as recreations, an elegant word which disguises the fact that we usually do not even play in our hours of leisure, but spend them in various forms of passive entertainment or entertainment--not football but watching football matches; not acting, but theatre-going; not walking, but riding in a motor coach.We need to make, therefore, a hard-and-fast distinction not only between work and play but, equally, between active play and passive entertainment. It is, I suppose, the decline of active play —of amateur sport—and the enormous growth of purely receptive entertainment which has given rise to a sociological interest in the problem. If the greater part of the popu1ation, instead of indulging in sport, spend their hours of leisure ‘viewing' television programmes, there will inevitably be a decline in health and physique. And, in addition, there will be a psychologicalproblem, for we have yet to trace the mental and moral consequences of a prolonged diet of sentimental or sensational spectacles on the screen. There is, if we are optimistic, the possibility that the diet is too thin and unnourishing to have much permanent effect on anybody. Nine films out of ten seem to leave absolutely no impression on the mind or imagination of those who see them: few people can give a coherent account of the film they saw the week before last, and at longer intervals they must rely on the management to see that they do not sit through the same film twice.We have to live art if we would be affected by art. We have to paint rather than look at paintings, to play instruments rather than go to concerts, to dance and sing and act ourselves, engaging all our senses in the ritual and discipline of the arts. Then something may begin to happen to us: to work upon our bodies and our souls.It is only when entertainment is active, participated in, practiced, that it can properly be called play, and as such it is a natural use of leisure. In that sense play stands in contrast to work, and is usually regarded as an activity that alternates with work. It is there that the most fundamental error enters conception of daily life.Work itself is not a single concept. We say quite generally that we work in order to make a living: to earn, that is to say, sufficient tokens which we can exchange for food and shelter and all the other needs of our existence. But some of us work physically, tilling the land, minding the machines, digging the coal; others work mentally, keeping accounts, inventing machines, teaching and preaching, managing and governing. There does not seem to be any factor common to all these diverse occupations, except that they consume our time, and leave us little leisure.We may next observe that one man's profession or work is often another man’s recreation or play. The merchant at the week-end becomes a hunter (he has not yet taken to mining); the clerk becomes a gardener; the machine-tender becomes a breeder of bull—terriers. There is, of course, a sound instinct behind such transformations. The body and mind are unconsciously seeking compensation--muscular coordination, mental integration. But in many cases a dissociation is set up and the individual leads a double life--one half Jekyll, the other half Hyde. There is a profound moral behind that story of Stevenson's for the compensation which a disintegrated personality may seek will often be of an anti-social nature. The Nazi party, for example, in its early days was largely recruited from the bored--not much from the unemployed as from the street-corner society of listless hooligansScientific studies have been made of street-corner society, out of which crime, gangsterdom, and fascism inevitably develop. It is a society with leisure--that is to say, spare time--and without compensatory occupation. It does not need a Satan to find mischief for such idle hands to do. They will spontaneously itch to do something: muscles have a life of their own unless they are trained to purposeful actions. Actions, or rather activities, are the obvious reflex to leisure; they consume it, and leave the problem solved.But work is also activity, and if we reach the conclusion that all our time must be filled with one activity or another, the distinction between work and play becomes rather meaningless, and what we mean by play is merely a change of occupation. We pass from one form of activity to another; one we call work, and for that we receive pay; the other we call play, and for that we receive no pay--on the contrary, we probably pay a subscription.1. The author points out two kinds of danger that may arise from the misuse of leisure. One of them is the result of purely passive entertainment; the other results when work and play are not properly coordinated What are the two dangers? Which of them is particularly harmful to society?2. The author says that most films are not good enough to leave a permanent impression on our minds. Is this, in his opinion, a good thing or a bad thing? In what way?3. What, in the author’s opinion, is the real difference between work and play? Or is there no difference at all between them? .Questions 4～5History tells us that in ancient Babylon, the cradle of our civilization, the people tried to build a tower that would reach to heaven. But the tower became the tower of Babel, according to the Old Testament, when the people were suddenly caused to speak different languages. In modern New York City, a new tower, that of the United Nations Building, thrusts its shining mass skyward. But the realization of the UN’s aspirations—and with it the hopes of the peoples of the world—is threatened by our contemporary Babel: about three thousand different languages are spoken throughout the world today, without counting the various dialects that confound communication between peoples of the same land.In China, for example, hundreds of different dialects are spoken; people of some villages have trouble passing the time of day with the inhabitants of the next town. In the new African state of Ghana, five million people speak fifty different dialects. In India more than one hundred languages are spoken, of which only fourteen are recognized as official. To add to the confusion, as the old established empires are broken up and new states are formed, new official tongues spring up at an increasing rate.In a world made smaller by jet travel, man is still isolated from many of his neighbors by the Babel barrier of multiplying languages. Communication is blocked daily in scores of ways. Travelers find it difficult to know the peoples of other nations. Scientists are often unable to read and benefit from the work being carried on by men of science in other countries. The aims of international trade, of world accord, of meetings between nations, are blocked at every turn; the work of scholars, technologists, and humanists is handicapped. Even in the shining new tower of the United Nations in New York, speeches and discussions have to be translated and printed in the five official UN languages—English, French, Spanish, Russian and Chinese. Confusion, delay, suspicion, and hard feelings are the products of the diplomatic Babel.The chances for world unity are lessened if in the literal sense of the phrase, we do not speak the same language. We stand in dire need of a common tongue a language that would cross national barriers, one simple enough to be universally learned by travelers, businessmen, government representatives, scholars, and even by children in school.Of course, this isn’t a new idea. Just as everyone is against sin, so everyone is for a common language that would further communication between nations. What with one thing and another —our natural state of drift as human beings, our rivalries, resentments, and jealousies as nations —we have up until now failed to take any action. I propose that we stop just talking about it, as Mark Twain said of the weather, and do something about it. We must make the concerted, massive effort it takes to reach agreement on the adoption of a single, common auxiliary tongue. Let’s take a quick look at the realities of the problem. One of the main barriers to the adoption of the common language is the fact that there is Babel even among the possible languages we canchoose. A number of different simplified languages vie for the spot of the language, and their respective advocates defend and attack with the fervor of political campaigners. Basic English, for example, with its vocabulary of only 850 words with which virtually anything can be expressed, has many advocates. But the Soviet Union and many nations of Asia and South America object to it. Why English? They ask. Why not Basic Russian, Basic Spanish, even Basic Latin?In addition to the “basics”of languages now in use, there is another type—the so-called “constructed languages,”of which some six hundred have made their appearance since the end of the nineteenth century, most of them almost immediate failures. The two best-known survivors among them are, of course, Esperanto and Interlingua.Esperanto was published in 1887 by a Russian-Polish physician names Zamenhof, who had worked on it for ten years. He gave it to the world not under his own name but under the pseudonym Doktoro Esperanto, meaning “Doctor Hopeful.”Esperanto is based on regularity and ease of grammar, with a vocabulary from Roman-Germanic roots. By the end of the century Esperanto had taken hold in western Europe.Interlingua made its appearance much later—in 1951. A group of linguists from many nations took nearly thirty years to perfect it. Essentially, Interlingua is Latin stripped of its difficulties. Its introducer, Dr. Alexander Gode, refers to it as “a kind of twentieth century kitchen Latin.”Indeed, Interlingua can be read by most college-trained people almost at sight.I do not by any means consider myself an authority on the relative merits of the various proposed common languages, but Dr. Mario Pei, of Columbia University in New York City, has written a fine book on the subject called One Language for the World. In this book Dr. Pei says he believes that it makes little difference which language or what kind of language becomes the international language, as long as agreement can be reached among the people of the world on any one.For my own part, it seems to me that the main requirement of an international language is that it be easily learned. Thus it should have the simplest possible spelling and grammar and pronunciation, and the smallest possible vocabulary. An adult should be able to master such a language within three months if he gives several hours a day to the study of it.What can be done concretely to achieve the goal of a working common language? I believe that the UNESCO arm of the United Nations should call a meeting of leading linguists from each of its member nations. (This would include most of the major populated areas of the world.) As Dr. Pei recommends, the purpose of the conference would be to select an already existing language agreeable to a preponderance of the nations represented. Such an agreement won’t come without determined effort: it may take more than one conference to reach agreement; it may take many more. The important thing is that some positive action be taken.Such a conference should be called without further delay; we are sorely in need of this first step. Only with an international language in use, with the proceedings of the UN published in it, with children in schools all over the world learning it as their second language, can we close the gap between the “one world”so recently established in terms of travel time and the one world we hope for in terms of human understanding and co-operations.Because I believe strongly that without the closing of this gap international accord is only a vain hope, I’ve taken it upon myself to try to implement this proposal. Since it is most unlikely that either UNESCO or the nations involved have funds to finance the linguists’conference, I think that one of the great philanthropic foundations, such as the Ford, Carnegie, or Rockefeller Foundation, should undertake to make it possible.。

2010年四川外国语大学英语翻译基础考研真题及其答案解析

北大、人大、中财、北外教授创办集训营、一对一保分、视频、小班
permeation, influencing and blending, leading to a cultural formation. There are book collection and stock activities, which are becoming more and more varied and colorful and fascinating with the progress of era, in ancient and modern times, in both China and foreign countries. This is really barometer for the progress of human civilization and the development of diversity of social cult合词)and electric vehicles
13)the Four Cardinal Principles
14)Development is the fundamental principle
15)Socialist Harmonious Society
二、外汉互译
据我们现在所知，起初，我们所生存的星球是个巨大的火球。是浩瀚无边的宇宙当中的一个小小的烟雾构成的云团。然后，经历了上百万年之后，星球表面渐渐自燃，沉积了一层薄薄的岩层。瓢泼大雨不断地冲刷这些没有生命的岩石，腐蚀着坚硬的花岗岩，然后将隐藏在热气腾腾的大地的高耸的悬崖间的尘土带入山谷。最后太阳冲破云层，见证了这个小小的星球是如何被若干小水坑覆盖的，而这些小水洼随即变成了东西半球恣肆汪洋。

2012年四川大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2012年四川大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 词语翻译 2. 英汉互译词语翻译英译汉1．CPI正确答案：居民价格消费指数(Consumer Price Index)2．SME正确答案：中小型企业(Small and Mediam Enterprises)3．WWF正确答案：世界野生动物基金(World wildlife Fund)4．ISO正确答案：国际标准化组织(International Organization for Standardization)5．CIF正确答案：到岸价格(Cost Insurance and Freight)6．Foxconn正确答案：富士康科技集团7．MOFCOM正确答案：中华人民共和国商务部(the Military of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China)8．TPP正确答案：泛太平洋战略经济伙伴关系协定(Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement)9．IPCC(Intergovernment Panel on Climate Change)正确答案：政府间气候变化专门委员会10．Chemical Oxygen Demand正确答案：化学需氧量11．the “100,000” Strong Initiative by President Obama 正确答案：奥巴马总统十万强计划12．carbon foot print正确答案：碳足迹13．debt ceiling正确答案：债务上限14．solar photovoltaics正确答案：太阳能光伏发电15．Standard & Poor’s正确答案：标准普尔汉译英16．非关税壁垒正确答案：non-tariff barriers17．平板电视正确答案：flat television18．廉租房正确答案：low-rent housing19．经济二次触底正确答案：double-dip recession20．海选正确答案：open audition21．剩男剩女正确答案：leftover women and men22．地沟油正确答案：swill-cooked dirty oil23．潜规则正确答案：hidden rules24．中国载人航天计划正确答案：China’s manned space program25．紧缩性货币政策正确答案：tightened monetary policy26．云计算正确答案：cloud computing27．民心工程正确答案：morale project28．智能城市正确答案：smart city29．《海峡两岸经济合作框架协议》正确答案：the Cross-Strait Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement 30．《中庸》正确答案：the Doctrine of the Mean英汉互译英译汉31．High-speed ground transportation(HSGT)technologies with vehicle speeds exceeding 150 mph can be divided into two basic categories;High-speed rail(HSR)systems, with top speeds between 150 and 200 mph, use steel wheels on steel rails, as with traditional railroads, but can achieve higher speeds because of the design of both the rail bed and cars.High-speed magnetic levitation(MAGLEV)systems, with top speeds between 250 and 300 mph, use forces of attraction or repulsion from powerful magnets placed in either the vehicle or the guideway beneath it both to lift the vehicle above the guideway and to propel it forward. A MAGLEV vehicle can be likened to a flying train or a guided aircraft.If linked effectively with highways and air service, HSGT technologies—particularly MAGLEV—could have a significant impact on congestion in the future.When comparing HSR with MAGLEV technologies, MAGLEV appears to be the technology of choice. Though the new generation of HSR technology can reach commercial speeds of up to 186 mph, additional increases in speed pose great engineering problems, suggesting that rail transportation is a mature technology. MAGLEV technology, on the other hand, is in its infancy and will improve substantially with additional engineering.正确答案：车速超过每小时150英里的高速地面交通系统技术，基本上可以分为两类：一种是最高速度每小时150～200英里的高速铁路系统，与传统铁路一样，在钢轨上用钢轮。

2013年四川大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2013年四川大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. V ocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. WritingV ocabulary1．Presumably, excessive consumption of fried foods has serious consequences as has been proved.A．TheoreticallyB．PracticallyC．IncrediblyD．Probably正确答案：D解析：句意：也许正如被证实的那样，摄人过多油炸食品会导致严重后果。

presumably据推测；大概，可能。

probably大概，或许，很可能。

theoretically理论地，理论上。

prac—tically实际上，事实上。

incredibly难以置信地。

2．Silk, although it is considered a delicate fabric, is in fact very strong, but it is adversely affected by sunlight.A．softB．sheerC．fragileD．refined正确答案：C解析：句意：虽然人们认为丝绸是精致脆弱的织物，但它实际上很牢固，太阳光对它有不利的影响。

delicate脆弱的，易碎的；精致的。

fragile易碎的，脆弱的。

soft柔软的，柔和的。

sheer纯粹的，绝对的；透明的。

refined精炼的，精制的。

3．It is anticipated that this contract will substantially increase sales over the next three years.A．apparentlyB．slightlyC．considerablyD．steadily正确答案：C解析：句意：据估计，这份合同会使销售额在未来三年里有相当大的增加。

翻译硕士(MTI)英语翻译基础真题

But the rejected lover or mate cannot afford to believe thathis beloved has freely turned away from him--- and so he ascribes sinister ormagical properties to the interloper. He calls him a hypnotist or a thief or ahome-breaker. In the vast majority of cases, however, when a home is broken,the breaking has begun long before any“third party”has appeared on the scene.
关于凯程：
凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直致力于高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。
But love is not a commodity; the real thing cannot be bought,sold, traded or stolen. It is an act of the will, a turning of the emotions, achange in the climate of the personality.
This is a prevalent misconception in many people'sminds---that love, like merchandise, can be“stolen”。Numerous states, in fact,have enacted laws allowing damages for“alienation of affections”。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

四川大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础真题2010年(总分：150.00，做题时间：180分钟)一、I.Directions:Translatethefollowingwords,abbreviationsorterminologyintotheirtarg etlanguagerespectively.Therearealtogether30itemsinthispartofthetest,15inEnglish and15inChinese,withonepintforeach.(30’)(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.OECD（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(经济合作与发展组织)解析：2.NASA（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(National Aeronautic and Space Administration 美国国家航空航天局)解析：3.IAEA（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(国际原子能机构)解析：4.ASEM（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(亚欧25国和欧盟委员会的政府间论坛)解析：5.UNICEF（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(联合国儿童基金会)解析：6.ASEAN（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(东南亚国家联盟 )解析：7.APEC（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(石油输出国组织)解析：8.IPR（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(知识产权)解析：9.CEPA（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(《更紧密经贸关系的安排》)解析：10.Special Safeguard Mechanism（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(特别安保机制)解析：11.Sub-prime Mortgage Crisis（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(次贷危机)解析：12.Free Trade Agreement（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(自由贸易协议)解析：13.bonded warehouse（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(保税工厂 )解析：14.Encyclopedia Britannica（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(大不列颠百科全书 )解析：15.binary opposition（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(二元对立)解析：16.《论语》（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(The Analects )解析：17.《红楼梦》（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(A Dream of Red Mansions )解析：18.扫黄打非（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Crack Down the Pornography and Illegal Publications )解析：19.西部大开发（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Development for Western Areas )解析：20.高度自治（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(High Degree of Autonomy )解析：21.发烧门诊（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Fever Clinic )解析：22.转基因食品（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(GM food (genetically modified food) )解析：23.小排量汽车（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Cars of Low Emission )解析：24.温室气体排放（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Greenhouse Gases Emission)解析：25.创业板（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(GEM; Growth Enterprise Market )解析：26.中国特色的社会主义市场经济（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Socialistic Market Economy with Chinese Characteristics )解析：27.选秀（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Talent Show )解析：28.外交庇护（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Diplomatic Asylum )解析：29.稳健的货币政策（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Stable and Healthy Monetary Policy)解析：30.摸着石头过河（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(feel one's way along inch by inch)解析：二、II.Directions:Translatethefollowingsourcetextsintotheirtargetlanguagesrespectiv ely.IfthesourcetextisinEnglish,itstargetlanguageisChinese.IfthesourcetextisinCh inese,itstargetlanguageisEnglish.(120’)(总题数：4，分数：120.00)31.Source Text 1: For the Greeks, beauty was a virtue: a kind of excellence. Persons then were assumed to be what we now have to call--lamely, enviously-- wholepersons. If it did occur to the Greeks to distinguish between a person's "inside" and "outside," they still expected that inner beauty would be matched by beauty of the other kind. The well-born young Athenians who gathered around Socrates found it quite paradoxical that their hero was so intelligent, so brave, so honorable, so seductive-- and so ugly. One of Socrates' main pedagogical acts was to be ugly-- and to teach those innocent, no doubt splendid-looking disciples of his how full of paradoxes life really was. They may have resisted Socrates' lesson. We do not. Several thousand years later, we are more waryof the enchantments of beauty. We not only split off--with the greatest facility--the 'inside" (character, intellect) from the "outside" (looks); but we are actually surprised when someone who is beautiful is also intelligent, talented, good.（分数：30.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：( 在希腊人看来，美丽是一种品德，一种优点。