高二英语-合成词的构成和使用

派生法（derivation ）

复合法（compounding ）--合成词

转化法（conversion ）

逆成法 缩略法

首字母拼音法

拟声法

合成词的构成和使用

一、合成词的概念和意义

★ 构词法

★ 概念： 英语构词法中合成法是把两个或两个以上的单词合成一个新词的构词方法。有的可以直接写在一起构成一个新单词，有的在词与词之间用连字符“-”构成一个新单词，有的则是以词组的方式构成新词。通常把这个新词叫做合成词。

二、合成词的构成

★ 理解合成词的角度：

1）从词性角度认识其不同构成方式 2）常见书写形式 3）理解词义的方法 4）特殊之处

★合成词

1. 合成名词

（1）名词+名词

词义理解：____________________________________________________________________

Exercise: Exercise: homeland_________ tea-table_________ mother tongue________

（2）形容词+名词

词义理解：____________________________________________________________________

1.合成名词

2.合成形容词

3.合成动词

4.合成副词

5.合成介词

6.合成代词

Exercise: freshman____________ musical instrument__________

词义理解：____________________________________________________________________ Exercise: weightlifting_______ zebra crossing_________

（4）动词-ing+名词

词义理解：____________________________________________________________________ Exercise: 游泳池________________ 驾驶执照_________________

词义理解：____________________________________________________________________ Exercise: daybreak________ heartbeat_______ typewriter_________

词义理解：____________________________________________________________________

Exercise: get-together_____________ outlet______________

upgrade _________________ put-off_____________

合成名词Tip: 合成名词变复数的规律

合成名词综合练习: Translate the underlined words into Chinese.

1. There has been an uptrend in tourism over the last few decades, especially in Europe. ___________

2. Just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past decades has gone on reducing risks in advance.________________

3. Many of the problems were caused by a breakdown in communications_______________

4. The play was really boring. It was as if the actors were moving in slow motion the whole time!__________________

5. There has been a break-out from the local prison.________________

6. TV companies always welcome feedback from viewers.____________

2.合成形容词

（1）名词+形容词

词义理解：____________________________________________________________________ Exercise: care-free_____________ nation-wide______________

（2）形容词+形容词

词义理解：____________________________________________________________________ Exercise: bitter-sweet_____________ wide-awake______________

词义理解：____________________________________________________________________ Exercise: mouth-watering_____________ world-shaking______________

词义理解：____________________________________________________________________ Exercise: 令人心碎的______________ w eather-beaten_____________

（5）形容词+动词-ing

词义理解：____________________________________________________________________ Exercise: long-suffering______________ smooth-running_____________

词义理解：____________________________________________________________________ Exercise: long-lost ______________ full-blown________________