翻译理论与实践课件3-4周

他消瘦而憔悴，看上去一副可怜相。
(2) He who never reached the Great Wall is not a true man.
不到长城非好汉。
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第四章：翻译技巧（上）——省译法
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3). Everywhere you can find new types of men and objects 例2、3英语句子的主语都是 in new Campus.
Omission
1. Rhetorical Omission
2. Grammatical Omission
Rhetorical Omission
A. 英语句子中重复出现的某些短语可省略 Part-time waitress applicants who had worked at a job would receive preference over those who had not. 应聘兼职女招待，有工作经验者优先。 Her dark eyes made little reflected stars. She was looking at him as she was always looking at him when he awakened. 她那双乌黑的眼睛就像亮晶晶的星星在闪烁，他平素 醒来的时候，她也是这样望着他。
If winter comes, can spring be far behind? （如果）冬天来了，春天还会远吗？
There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, the grass was dead. 无雪，叶落，草枯。 （天上没下雪，树叶已经从树上飘落下来，草也 枯死了。）
E.g. If you study English very hard and practice it constantly, you will be able to use it freely. 只要努力学习英语，并经常练习不断实践(…)， 就能应用(…)自如。
英语中有些作宾语的代词，不管前面是否提 到过，翻译时往往可以省略。
B. 根据汉语习惯，在译文中省略可有可无的词 E.g. Neither party shall cancel the contract without sufficient cause or reason. 双方均不得无故解除合同。 （如果没有足够的原因或理由，双方均不能解除合同。)
• 、
The price of the products should be fixed by the two parties at a level that will bring profit to both. 产品价格应该由双方共同商定，（价格水平）须照 顾到双方的利益。
Try to tr convicted and sentenced to prison. 他已被捕判刑，监禁在狱。
The true joy of joys is the joy that joys in the joy of others. 与人同乐才是真乐。 独乐乐不如众乐乐。
4). If winter comes, can spring be far behind? （表条件）
冬天来了，春天还会远吗？
5). When it is dark in the east, it is light in the west; when things are dark in the south there is still light in the north. （表时间） 东方不亮西方亮，黑了南方有北方。
新校区处处可以看到新人、新事物。
得寸进尺。
泛指的，在译成汉语时，多 省掉。又如: “You can never tell.”译为：“很难说”。
4). If you give him an inch, he will take a mile. 5). I have received your letter and read it with delight. 我收到了你的信，愉快地读了。 6)有条件要上；没有条件，创造条件也要上。 When conditions exist, go ahead; when they don’t, create them and go ahead.
温度增高，水的体积就增大。
一、 从语法角度来看
第四章：翻译技巧（上）——省译法
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3). We knew winter vocation was coming as (because) we had seen the big stone in the River. （表原因）
（我们）看见了河里大石头，就知道寒假要来了。
3) The significance of a man is not in what he attained but rather in what he longs to attain. 人生的意义不在于已经获得什么，而在于渴望得到什么。
一、 从语法角度来看
2) Omit some pronouns as objects
Practice: The government has put the new coins into circulation, but only a small number of people have ever seen them. 政府已经发行了新的硬币，但只有少数人 见到过。
Practice: Her dark hair waved untidy across her broad forehead, her face was short, her upper lip short, showing a glint of teeth, her brows were straight and dark, her lashes long and dark, her nose straight. 她一头乌黑卷发，蓬松凌乱地垂在宽阔的前 额上；脸短短的，上唇薄薄的，露出一排闪 亮的牙齿；眉毛又直又黑，睫毛又黑又长， 鼻子笔直笔直的。
• 通过上述的讨论，我们不难看出：把 原句每一部分加在一起，并不等于原 句的全部意义。
• 所以，有时省略原句中一些次要的部 分，使所译文字简洁明了，文笔流畅 自然，从而更加突出原句的主要部分， 这正是省略法的精髓所在。
Appreciation
Poison to a snake is merely a luxury; it enables it to get its food with very little effort, no more effort than one bite. 毒液对于毒蛇来讲，只不过是如虎添翼；有了 毒液，蛇就能够毫不费力地咬上一口，猎到食 物。 • 该例中，no more effort than one bite 中的effort 是为呼应强调前面的with very little effort。 effort显然是one bite的上义词，译出下译词one bite的含义可表示effort的含义，故可将effort省 略，这样既忠实原文，又可保持行文的简洁。
（一） 操 作 方 翻译理论与实践
法
Translation Theory & Practice
Presented by
金红梅 Anne 1004821189@
省 译 法
Opposite to the principle of amplification, omission is however not contradictory to it. On contrary, omission supplementary to amplification, omits what is considered necessary and indispensable in English may be deemed useless, superfluous and even encumbrance. This principal makes the version brief, concise and clear. For example,

2. Grammatical omission
• Omission of …
Pronoun Conjunction Article Preposition
第四章：翻译技巧（上）——省译法
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1. 省略代词
根据汉语习惯，在指代关系明确的情况下，假如前后 两句主语相同，就不必重复出现。英语通常每句都有 主语， 因此做主语人称代词往往多次出现，这种代词汉译时 常常 可以省略。 1).He was thin and haggard and he looked miserable.
一、 从语法角度来看
2.省略主从连接词 ● 省略原因状语从句、条件状语从句、时间 状语从句中的连接词
1) I knew the train was coming as I had seen the passengers swarm into the platform. 我看到乘客们涌向站台，知道火车就要进站了。 2) If I had known it, I would not have joined in it. 早知如此，我就不参加了。 3) As the temperature increases, the volume of water becomes greater.
3) It was on a small Pacific island that they found this rare kind of spiders. 正是在太平洋的一个小岛上,他们发现了这种稀有的蜘蛛。
一、 从语法角度来看
Omission of Conjunction
• 汉语词语之间连接词用得不多，其上下逻 辑关系常常是暗含的，由词序来表示。英 语则不然，连接词用得比较多。