高考英语语法复习 ---简单句并列句复合句

3.while表示对照关系
He asked his father why he couldn’t hatch chickens while hens could.
• 4. for, so 连接并列句表示因果关系
• for引导的分句是对前面的句子加以解释或推断, 一般用逗号隔开.引导的句子不用于句首. • Someone is coming , for the dog is barking .
并列连词是否连接同等的成分 改错 1.( 2015 II) A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop. 2.(2015II)We can lie on the grass for a rest ,or sat by the lake listening to music . 3.Not only did we write to her , but also telephoned her. 4.
4. My roommate was sleeping, we didn’t want to wake her up. 5. I went to bed. Because I was tired.
My roommate was sleeping . We didn’t want to wake her up. My roommate was sleeping, so we didn’t want to wake her up. I went to bed because I was tired.
5. You have to review all your lessons, and you won’t pass the exam. and→ or 因“祈使句+or(否则)+陈述句(用一般 将来时)”是固定句式。
6. The chance to win the match is slim, so they won’t easily give up. so → but/yet 前后意义是转折关系。
灵活运用
一、单句填空 and
1. Bring the flowers into a warm room ____ they’ll soon open. . but/yet 2. I have tried to advise her ________ she won’t listen or 3. I then realized she had no arms ____ legs， just a hea neck and torso. but 4. He took the old man not just across the river，____ t . his home for 5He found it increasingly difficult to read, ____his eyesight was beginning to fail.
6. Start out right away, ___ you’ll miss the first train. . 7 We were swimming in the lakewhen ____ suddenly the storm started. 8 We are going to the bookstore in John’s car. You can come with us ___ or you can meet us there later 9. Some of us don’t have much pocket so money, ___they feel unhappy. 10. 79.3％ of the surveyed netizens say that their main motivation is to help their parents to live a better life while ____67.7％ claim that they work hard in order to chang their own fate.
其它平行结构：not…but…, either…or…, neither…nor, not only…but also…, would rather…than…(宁愿……不愿 ……), rather than(而不), as well as(既……也……)等。
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1.when相当于and then, just then, at the time,一般放 在第二个分句句首.
主语、动词（不及物动词、及物动词、双宾动词、系动词、 宾补动词)、宾语及补语可以称为基本句子成分。
完整的句子一般至少包含2个基本成分，至多4个基本成分。
并 列 句
需把几个意思连接在一起时，可用分号 或把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接 起来，这种结构即构成一个并列句。
用分号： We fished all day; we didn’t catch a thing. 用分号，后跟一个连接副词： We fished all day; however, we didn’t catch a thing. 用并列连词（如and、but、so、yet等） We fished all day, but (we) didn’t catch a thing.
英语句子的种类
简单句 (simple sentence) 并列句 (compound sentence)
复合句 (complex sentence = 主句 + 从句)
简单句的五种基本句型
• 主语 ＋ 不及物动词 （ S + Vi ） • 主语 ＋ 及物动词 ＋宾语 ( S + Vt + O) • 主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋ 表 (S + LV + predicative) • 主语＋双宾动词+间宾+直宾(S +Vt +O.indir+O. dir) • 主语 ＋ 宾补动词 ＋宾语 ＋宾语补语 • (S + Vt. + O + O. compl) •There + be / stand/ lie / live...
7. Last year, Sandra immigrated to Spain and she didn’t seem to adapt to the life there, she move back to China.
(1) and → but 根据句子意思，前后是转折关系，用but。 (2) 在she moved之前加上so 这两个句子之间缺少连词，而且 “返回”是“不适应”的结果，引出结果的分句用so(因此)。
常用并列连词 coordinating conjunctions
表联合的连词 and, when(=and just at this time就在这时) 表转折或对比的连词： but(但是，可是), while(而，却), yet(可是 表选择的连词： or(或者, 还是；否则), otherwise(要不然)等。 表因果的连词： for(因为), so(因此)等
We played outside till sunset when it began to rain. I was about to go to bed when it began to rain. 2 比较but和 however 的用法 He said it was so; he was mistaken, however
(’06 四川, 24) Start out right away, ___ you’ll miss the first train. A. and B. but C. or D. while
(05’江苏, 34)Unlike watching TV, reading is a D it requires highly active process___ attention as well as money and imagination. A.until B. but C. unless D. for
• • • • • He shook his head, for he thought differently so表示因果关系 It was late, so I must go home. 比较:so 和therefore I know little about it; therefore I can’t give you any advice.
8. I will be free all the weekend, therefore, either Saturday and Sunday is OK. (1) therefore → so 因therefore只能做副词， 不能作为连词连接两个句子；或在 therefore前加and。
(2) and → or 因either…or 是固定搭配。
(武汉调研4月) Put yourself in situations where you will be forced to communicate in English, ___ you will see more progress over time. A. or B. so C. yet D. and (崇文4月) You must get up early in the morning, ___ we’ll have to leave without you A.and B. but C. or D. so
2. The climate hቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱre is pleasant. It is neither too hot or too cold. or → nor 因neither…nor.. (既不……也不……) 是固定搭配。
3. Although he was the wealthiest man in the town, but he didn’t feel happy at all. 去掉 but 因已有连词Although (虽然) 了，后面 就不再用but了。 4. He could have won the match. Otherwise, he broke his leg. Otherwise → However 句意是：他本来可以赢 这场比赛的，然而，他摔断了腿。
改错：并列连词的误用和 漏用
1 or与 and混用 2 but与and混用 3 but，although连用，但yet,still可与although连用 4 so与because连用。 5.并列连词的漏用 1) (2015) In the countryside , the air is clean or the mountain are clean. 2) (2013) He had a deep voice, which set him apart from others in our town, he was strong and powerful.
or
二、单句改错
1. Unfortunately, I won’t be able to meet you at the airport although I have an important meeting to attend. although→ because 因“我有一个重要的会议 要出席”是“我不能去机场接你”的原因， 引导原因状语从句，用because。
9. As the lecture is uninteresting and dull, so more and more listeners began to leave. 去掉so 因前面已有连词As (因为)了，就不再用 连词了。
10. All of us are in favor of the idea of doing sports every day, but it is beneficial to our health greatly. but → because 后句表示原因，引导原因状语从 句用because。