新概念英语第二册笔记Lesson51

Lesson 51 Reward for Virtue

【New words and expressions】生词和短语（10）

reward n. 报偿virtue n. 美德diet n. 节食

forbid v. 禁止hurriedly adv. 匆忙地embarrass v. 使尴尬guiltily adv. 内疚地strict adj. 严格的reward v. 给奖赏occasionally adv. 偶尔地

★reward n. 报偿；v. 给奖赏

give sb. reward给……报偿

reward sb. with sth.用……奖赏...

reward sb. for sth.因为……给某人奖赏

…reward him for the first prize

★virtue n. 美德

strongpoints n. 长处，

merit n. 优点

shortpoints n. 短处，

weak points弱点

★diet n. 节食

go on a diet =be on a diet实行节食

★forbid（forbade，forbidden）

v.禁止

forbid sb. to do sth.禁止某人做某事

allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事

Forbidden City紫禁城(被禁止的城市)；Forbidden fruit禁果

★embarrass v. 使尴尬

sth. embarrass sb.……让……感到尴尬

You embarrassed me.你让我感到尴尬

embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬地；embarrassed adj. 感到尴尬embarrassment n. 尴尬To my embarrassment，…让我感到尴尬的是……

★guiltily adv. 内疚地

guiltily conscience问心有愧

clear conscience问心无愧

★strict adj. 严格的

be strict with sb.对某人严格

My father is strict with me.

be strict in sth.对……严格

★occasionally adv. 偶而地

on the occasion偶尔，sometimes偶尔，at times偶尔

off and on偶尔，now and again偶尔

【Text】

My friend, Hugh, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet. He began his diet a week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden. The list included most of the things Hugh loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate; and sweets. Yesterday I paid him a visit. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Hugh was still as fat as ever. He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk. It was obvious that he was very embarrassed. When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk. He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally. Then he showed me the contents of the parcel. It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets!

参考译文

我的朋友休一直很胖, 但是近来情况变得越发糟糕, 以致他决定节食. 他是一星期前开始节食的. 首先, 他开列了一张长长的单子, 上面列了所有禁吃的食物. 这张单子上的大多数食物都是休喜欢吃的: 黄油、土豆、米饭、啤酒、牛奶、巧克力和糖果. 昨天我去看望了他. 我按响了门铃. 当看到休仍和往常一样胖时, 我并不感到惊奇. 他把我领进屋, 慌忙把一个大包藏到了桌子下面. 显然他感到很尴尬. 当我问他正干什么时, 他内疚地笑了, 然后把那个大包拿到了桌上. 他解释说, 他的饮食控制得太严格了, 以致不得不偶尔奖赏自己一下. 接着他给我看了包里的东西. 里面装了5大块巧克力和3袋糖果!

【课文讲解】

1、My friend, Hugh, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet.

things（要用复数形式）可以表示“情况，情形，状况，形势”等含义：

You’re surely made things worse.

How are things going on with you?

get作不及物动词时可以表示“变得”：

I got interested in French.

diet用于表示治疗某种疾病或调节体重的“特种饮食”、“规定饮食”时通常与on连用：The doctor put him on a strict diet.医生让他严格控制饮食。

I once went on a diet for a week and then I gave up.

2、First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden.

first of all首先, 首要(许多事情中首要的, 即最重要的)

First of all I must see your passpart.

at first首先（句型at first…, then…起先……然后……)

write out写出，（正式）写，全部写出

You should werite out a report.

3、The list included most of the things Hugh loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate; and sweets. most of…大部分……

includ和contain都有“包含”的意思，但contain可以用于表示所包含的全部事物；include 则只表示其中的一部分。contain一定是容器里面装，include则含义更广，在这里不能用contain。It included three bags of sweets. We’re including you in our team.