汽车专业英语unit1

UNIT 1 AUTOMOTIVE BASICS 背景知识：本节主要介绍汽车的基本组件。

Four major categories: engine, body, chassis and electrical equipment.

Engine:acts as the power unit. There are two types of engine: gasoline (also called a spark-ignition engine) and diesel (also called a compression-ignition engine).

Body: I t provides a protective covering for the engine, passengers, and cargo.

Chassis: support engine and any other assembly parts. It includes power train, running gear, and steering and brake system.

Power train（传动系）：― conve ys the drive to the wheels. Include: clutch、gear box （变速器）、universal joint、propeller shaft（传动轴）、drive axle（驱动桥）。

Running gear（行驶系）：― support the vehicle and ensure it stable running. Include: frame（车架）、axle housing（桥壳）、suspension（悬架）、wheel（车轮）。

Steering（转向系）：― controls the direction of the movement. Include: steering wheel, column（转向管柱）,steering gears（转向器）, linkages（转向传动机构）.

Brake（制动系）：― slows down the vehicle. Include: brake pedal, master cylinder, brake lines（油管），brake cylinder（制动缸）and brakes（制动器）。

New Words:

课文翻译：

Automobiles, trucks, and buses are essential forms of transportation. They are complex ma-chines made up of many parts. These parts can be grouped into a number of systems. An under-standing of how the systems work will help you understand how the automobile works.

汽车、卡车和客车是交通运输工具的基本组成部分。它们是由多个零件构成的复杂机械系统。这些零件可以组合成许多系统，因此了解各个系统如何工作有助于理解汽车是如何工作的。

An automobile can be divided into two basic parts—a body and a chassis. The body is the enclosure that houses the engine, passengers, and cargo. It is the part of the automobile that you see. The chassis is that part of the automobile beneath the body. Figure 1-1.

汽车可被分成两个主要的部件，车身和底盘。车身是覆盖发动机、乘客和货物的外壳，也就是你所看到的部分。底盘则是位于车身下方的部分。如图1－1所示。

1.1 The Body

An automobile body is a sheet metal shell with windows, doors, a hood, and a trunk deck built into it. It provides a protective covering for the engine, passengers, and cargo. The body is designed to keep passengers safe and comfortable. For example, insulation in the body reduces noise and protects against heat and cold. The body styling provides an attractive, colorful, modern appearance for the vehicle. It is stream-lined to lessen wind resistance and to keep the car from swaying at driving speeds. The automobile body has two basic parts—the upper body and the under body.

汽车车身是一个钣金件壳体，它上面有车窗、车门、发动机罩和行李舱门等部件。它为发动机、乘客和货物提供防护罩。车身设计要保证乘客安全和舒适性。比如：通过车身隔离可降低噪声和避免车内温度冷暖不均。通过车身（造型）设计可使汽车具用漂亮的、色彩丰富的现代车身外观。一般把它设计成流线型来减小空气阻力和防止在一定行驶速度时的车身摆动。汽车车身主要由上下两个部分构成，即车身外壳和底板。