高考语法复习之非谓语动词做定语及与定语从句的转换
非谓语动词和从句的转换
She looked into the window, and wanted to see what was going on inside.
She looked into the window to see what was going on inside.
从你的话看，他应当能成功。
Considering the distance, he arrived very quickly.
考虑路程，他到达得很快。
Taking everything into consideration, you should leave.
考虑到各种因素，你最好离开。
B. 不定式作状语
三、 非谓语使用条件
一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句 （谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下
She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.
WhenWthenbSaseebeeyiinnsgagw its mother, it smiled. As theHy ohpoipnegd to get our support, they sent us their statement.
The snow lasted a week, so irterseuslutilntegd in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area. WWhihleilheWewwoororkkrikinneggd in the factory, he was an advanced worker.
定语从句与非谓语动词作定语
非谓语动词在句子中充当成分
成份
类别
主语
宾语
表语
定语
状语Biblioteka 补语动词不定 式 动名词 现在分词 过去分词
the changing world the changed world boiling water boiled water a developing country
• 变化中的世界
• 变了的世界
• Don’t eat too many like fried chicken
legs • He is a retired worker. 退休的工人
定语从句与分词短语的转换 The conversion of attributive clause and participle phrase
定语从句转换成现在分词短语做后置定语, 有主动或进行的意思。先行词与现在分词
2013年11月
定语从句定义及基本结构
• 在复合句中，充当 形容词 用的从句是定 语从句。 • ☆ 被定语从句限定的词是 先行词 ，引导 定语从句的词叫做 关系代词 和 关系副词 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 • 定语从句分为： • 定语从句基本结构为： •
关系代词
先行词 + n/pron/句子
with the teacher?
• 不定式作定语，常置于被修饰的名词 或代词之后。 • He was the last one to leave school yesterday. • Tom has a lot of work to do.
Choose the best answer
• 1. Yao Ming is a famous basketball star ____ in the NBA. • A. who playing B. played C. playing • 2. The boy ______ the prize is called Ray. • A. won B. wins C. winning • 3. The girl _____ under the tree is my sister. • A. reading B. wins C. won • 4. The town _____ by us years ago is much larger than before. • A. visits B. visited C. visiting
定语从句和非谓语做定语的转换
定语从句和非谓语做定语的转换非谓语做定语是定语从句的简化形式Please replace the underlined part with relative clauses1.The picture hanging on the wall is painted by my nephew.2.The Olympic Games, held in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912.3.The first text books written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.4.Are you going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow?5. a developed/developing country6.He is a student loved by all the teachers.7.The building being built will be the third Teaching Building of our school.8.She is always the first (one) to come and the last to leave.9.Let's first find a room to live in / to put the things in.10.We have nothing to worry about.11.I have a lot of things to do today.12.Have you got anything to say at the meeting?总结：现在分词做定语从时态上表示_______ 或_________ 从语态上表示________;若表示被动；可以用_______过去分词做定语从时态上表示_____或______ 从语态上表示____________不定式做定语从时态上表示__________ 从逻辑上可以表示动词和先行词之间的_______ 同时要注意加上相应的介词，若先行词被________________________所以修饰，定语从句部分可以用不定式替代Replace the underlined part with ing/ ed / to do1. The computer center which was opened last year, is very popular among the students. in the school.2. Most of the artists who were invited to the party were from South Africa.3. There was a terrible noise which followed he sudden burst of light.4. Do you know the boy who is lying under the big tree?5. Are you going to attend the meeting which will be held tomorrow?6. I like most of the books which are published in this publishing house.7. This is one of the questions which are being discussed at the meeting now.8. Would you please give me a piece of paper which I can write with ?9. The next train which will arrive is from Washington.非谓语动词作定语练习11. Here are some new computer programs _________ for home buildings.A. designingB. designC. designedD. to design2. The price will save you one dollar for each dozen.A. reduceB. reducingC. reducedD. reduces3. The wallet several days ago was found in the dustbin outside the building.A. stolen, hiddenB. stealing, hidingC. stealing, hiddenD. stolen, hiding4. A person_______ a foreign language must be able to use the foreign language ___all about his own.A. to learn, to forgetB. learning, to forgetC. to learn, forgettingD.learning, forgetting6. Many things__________ impossible in the past are very common today.A. considerB. consideringC. consideredD. be considered7 What's the________ language in GermanyA. speakingB. spokenC. be spokenD. to speak8. They found a old _______woman________ on the ground when the door was broken down.A. dying, lyingB. dead, liedC. death, layingD. died, lain9. On a _________morning the little girl was found ________at the corner of the street.A. freezing freezingB. freezing frozenC. frozen frozenD. frozen freezing10. ---I'd like to buy an expensive camera.---Well, we have several models _______ .A. to choose fromB. to chooseC. to be chosenD. for choice11.The meeting_______ this evening is of great importance.A.holdingB.heldC.to holdD.to be held12.—How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers—The key______ the problem is to meet the demand_________ by the customers.A.to solving; makingB.to solving; madeC.to solve; makingD.to solve; made13.The computer centre,_________last year,is very popular among the students in this schoo1.A.openB.openingC.having openedD.opened14.The man _________on now is my brother.A.to be operatedB.being operatedC.operatedD.been operated15.The first textbooks_______ for teaching English as a foreign 1anguage came out in the 16th century.A.have writtenB.to be writtenC.being writtenD.written16.The 0lympic Games, _________in 776 B.C,did not include women players until 1912.A.first playedB.to be first playedC.first playingD.to be first playing17 The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the ._________________________A.20 dollars remainedB.20 dollars to remainC.remained 20 dollarsD.remaining 20 dollars非谓语动词作定语相关练习21. The picture ________ on the wall is painted by my nephew.A. having hungB. hangingC. hangsD. being hung2. Mr. Smith, _______of the _______speech, started to read a novel.A.tired; boringB.tiring; boredC.tired; boredD.tiring; boring5. Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, ____ as 3M.A. knowingB. knownC. being knownD. to be known6. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _____ in your mind instead of before your eyes.A. to formB. formC. formingD. having formed7. The flowers ____ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A. to smellB. smellingC. smeltD. to be smelt8. The disc, digitally _____ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.A.recordedB. recordingC. to be recordedD. having recorded9. I'm going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything ________A. to be buyingB. to buyC. for buyingD. bought10. The prize of the game show is $30,000 and an all expenses _________ vacation to China.A. payingB. paidC. to be paidD. being paid关系代词的用法(1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。
定语从句与非谓语动词的转换
定语从句和非谓语动词是高中阶段重要的两大语法项目。
定语从句的应用可以使语言表达更精确更生动，显得使用者具有较高的英语文化底蕴，但也是中学英语的难点语法项目，许多同学在学习和运用定语从句时，感到很难理解。
若将其简化，理解起来就比较简单了。
而非谓语动词的正确使用，就可以使定语从句的理解容易化，简单化，而且使语句简练、更有文采。
掌握二者的转换，有助于我们更好的理解其用法，并能够自如地运用。
下面我就着重谈谈如何将定语从句转换成非谓语动词以及转换时应注意的事项。
1定语从句转换成不定式“to do”。
定语从句的谓语动词是将来时或含有情态动词或含有序数词the next，the last等时，该定语从句转换为不定式“to do”.（1）The plane which will arrive is from Hubei.→The plane to arrive is from Hubei。
（2）The students will go to a party that will be held in our class at 7：45.→The students will go to a p arty to be held in our class at 7：45.（3）He was the first boy who came to school.→He was the first boy to come to school..2定语从句可转换成为“介词+关系代词或副词+不定式”。
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句和“介词+关系代词或副词+不定式”充当的定语，可以相互转换。
被这种定语修饰的名词往往在逻辑上充当不定式动作的地点、时间或工具。
例：（1）She wanted a room in which she could do her homework.→She wanted a room in which to do her homework.（2）She had only a pen with which she can write.→She had only a pen to write with.或She had only a pen with which to write.注：定语从句转换成“介词+ 关系代词+不定式”时，此时的不定式一定是及物动词，如是不及物动词，则需在动词后面加上相应的介词。
The transformation between the attributive clause and the non定语从句和非谓语动词作定语的转换
定语从句和非谓语动词都是高中阶段的重要语法知识点，应用十分的广泛。
无论是阅读理解、完形填空还是其他题型，往往都成为理解句意的关键。
很多同学因为无法正确判断主从句和非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系，导致无法正确判断句子结构，从而错误理解或曲解了原句意思，导致失分。
另外，定语从句和非谓语动词也常常是是写作中提升作文层次和增加句式结构灵活多样性的重要句型，能够熟练掌握两者之间的相互转换，对于理解句子和提升运用能力都十分重要。
一、当定语从句是be doing,be done,be to do结构时与非谓语动词的转换规则1：如果先行词在从句中作主语，直接将引导词和be动词去掉，翻译方法与定语从句的翻译方法相同。
E.g.1：定语从句：The girl who is wandering on the pavement is a star in our school.非谓语动词：The girl wandering on the pavement is a star in our school.在人行道上漫步的那个女孩在我们学校是一个明星。
E.g.2：定语从句：Journey To The West which was written by Wu Cheng’en is very famous in Asian countries.非谓语动词：Journey To The West written by Wu Cheng’en is very famous in Asian countries.吴承恩的西游记在亚洲国家中非常出名。
E.g.3：定语从句：The speech which will be given in the central hall is about environmental protection.=The speech which is to be given in the central hall is about environmental protection.(在变成非谓语动词时will要变成to)非谓语动词：The speech to be given in the central hall is about environmental protection.即将在中心大厅举行的演讲是关于环境保护的。
非谓语从句和定语从句
非谓语从句和定语从句非谓语从句和定语从句非谓语从句英语中的非是整个当中非常重要的部分，也是学生学习的一个难点。
其实，我们可以从从句的角度来解释非，弄清非谓语动词与从句的关系，这样会使学生对非谓语动词有更好的了解，学习起来更容易。
I. v-ing 形式与从句之间的转换1. v-ing形式作主语可换成that引导的主语从句Tom's knowing English helps him in learning French. That Tom knows English helps him in learning English.Her being out of work was unexpected. That she was out of work was unexpected.2. v-ing形式作宾语或宾补可换成that引导的宾语从句I remember having paid him for his work. I remember that I have paid him for his work.He suggests our making better use of the school library. He suggests that we (should) make better use of the school library.3. v-ing形式作表语可换成that引导的表语从句Our worry is your depending too much on him. Our worry is that you depend too much on him.The question is many people's being trapped in the fire. The question is that many people are trapped in the fire.4. v-ing形式作定语可换成that, who, which引导的定语从句We will study in the house facing south. We will study in the house that / which faces south.The man talking to my teacher is my father. The man who / that is talking to my teacher is my father.5. v-ing形式作状语可换成相应状语从句On arriving there, I will telephone you. As soon as I arrive there, I will telephone you.While waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her. While I was waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her.另外，v-ing形式在句中表伴随或作结果状语，相当于一个并列句，也可和with结构转换。
非谓语作定语和定语从句的区别
非谓语作定语和定语从句的区别
非谓语动词作定语和定语从句在语法结构和表达方式上有一些区别，具体如下：
1. 语法结构：
- 非谓语动词作定语：非谓语动词包括动词的现在分词(-ing)、过去分词(-ed)和不定式(to do)，它们可以在句中作定语，修饰名词或代词。
非谓语动词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的前面。
- 定语从句：定语从句是一个句子，由关系代词(who, whom, whose, that, which)引导，用来修饰先行词(即被修饰的名词或代词)。
2. 表达方式：
- 非谓语动词作定语：非谓语动词作定语可以提供更简洁、紧凑的表达方式。
它可以通过一个动词形式来描述被修饰词的特征、状态或行为。
- 定语从句：定语从句可以提供更详细、具体的信息，通过一个完整的句子来描述被修饰词的性质、特点或关系。
3. 语义和功能：
- 非谓语动词作定语：非谓语动词作定语主要强调动作或状态，它们可以表示正在进行的动作(-ing 形式)、已完成的动作(-ed 形式)或将要进行的动作(to do 形式)。
- 定语从句：定语从句可以提供更丰富的语义信息，包括对被修饰词的进一步解释、限定或描述。
总的来说，非谓语动词作定语和定语从句在语法结构和表达方式上有所不同。
非谓语动词作定语更简洁，强调动作或状态；而定语从句更详细，提供更多的语义信息。
在使用时，需要根据具体语境和表达需要选择合适的结构。
非谓语与定从状从并列句转换.ppt
The student who is wearing a jacket is from my class.
=The student_w_e_a_r_in__g is from my class.
This is a book that is worth
_B_e_in_g__il_l ___, he can't attend the meeting.
3). When he was buying the books, he met an old friend.
B_u_y_in_g__th_e_b_o_o_k__, he met an old friend.
and his wife was doing
housework. He was reading a book, h__is__w_if_e__d_o_in_g__h_o_u_s_e_w__o_rk_.
2). They listened to the moved story about Ren Changxia and tears ran down their cheeks.
此处也要注意到方法（二） 中的“一个补充”和“一个 注意”。
三、并列句改为非谓语（分词）
转换练习：
1. 并列句主语相同时，保留一个主语 。
1). My train starts at 12 and will arrived in Wuhan at 3.
My train starts at 12 , _a_r_riv_i_n_g_in__W_u_h_a_n_a_t_3____.
1、将下列复合句或并列句改为含 分词短语的句子
1). When he left the classroom, he didn't say goodbye to me.
(2021年整理)定语从句和非谓语做定语的转换
定语从句和非谓语做定语的转换编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（定语从句和非谓语做定语的转换）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
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定语从句和非谓语做定语的转换非谓语做定语是定语从句的简化形式Please replace the underlined part with relative clauses1.The picture hanging on the wall is painted by my nephew。
2.The Olympic Games， held in 776 B。
C.， did not include women players until 1912。
3. The first text books written for teaching English as a foreign language came outin the 16th century。
4.Are you going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow？5. a developed/developing country6. He is a student loved by all the teachers.7.The building being built will be the third Teaching Building of our school.8.She is always the first (one) to come and the last to leave。
（完整）高考语法复习之非谓语动词做定语及与定语从句的转换
（完整）⾼考语法复习之⾮谓语动词做定语及与定语从句的转换⾮谓语动词作定语⼀：如何轻松精准的做此类题呢只需把握住两点：⼀先看⾮谓语动词与其逻辑主语（即定语的先⾏词）之间的关系，主动与被动⼆看⾮谓语动词与谓动的时间关系1与谓动同时发⽣2在谓动之前3在将来发⽣⼆：做题步骤：先搞清⾮谓语动词与先⾏词之间的逻辑关系1如果是主动关系，再看时间，与谓动同时发⽣⽤doing 将来发⽣⽤to do2如果是被动再看时间，与谓语动词同时发⽣⽤being done 在谓动之前⽤done表将来⽤to be done⼀．⽤不定式做定语的⼏种情况：（1）不定式表将来。
如：The car to be bought is for his sister.（2）⽤来修饰被序数词、最⾼级或no, all, any 等限定的中⼼词。
如：He is the best man to do the job.She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.（3）⽤来修饰的词是抽象名词时⽤不定式，常见的有：ability, chance, idea, fact, excuse, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time 等Do you have the ability to read and write in English?I have no chance to go sightseeing.⼆．分词作定语doing 主动进⾏being done 被动进⾏done 被动完成The houses being built are for the teachers.Things lost never come again.I have never seen a more moving movie.三、to be done , done, being done 做定语的区别三者的语态同为被动语态，区别主要集中在时态上Have you read the novel witten by Dickens?Listen! The song being sung is very popular with the students.The question to be discussed at tomorrow's meeting is a very important one.（⼀）、-ing形式作定语-ing 形式在句中做定语时有两种情况。
定语从句和非谓语形式的相互转换逻辑关系
定语从句和非谓语形式的相互转换逻辑关系1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.说明：以上的定语从句部分可以用更加简单的非谓语形式表达出来：1. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.说明：修饰一个名词除了后面用定语从句以外，还可以用非谓语动词形式：doing短语，done短语，being done短语，to be done 短语修饰。
其结构和意思如下：1. 被修饰名词+doing短语：正在做….的人/正在发生的事。
2. 被修饰名词+ done短语：被…..的人/事3. 被修饰名词+being done短语：正在被…..的人/事4. 被修饰名词+ to be done短语：将要被…..的人/事总结：以上做定语的那些短语就是英语语法中所说的分词，不定式的各种形式作定语。
1. 这些短语作定语应放在被修饰名词的后面。
如果单独一个V-ing或V-ed形式作定语，则可以放在被修饰名词前面。
2. 分词作定语时，其动作应与全句动作同时发生。
V-ing表示主动意义和正在做，V-ed表示被动意义。
being done表示正在被做的3. 不定式作定语表示将要发生的，to be done表示将要被做的。
定语从句和非谓语动词
定语从句和非谓语动词定语从句和非谓语动词一直是SAT/ACT语法，甚至是理解阅读文章中长难句的重点，也是困扰很多考生的难点之一。
下面是店铺收集整理的定语从句和非谓语动词的相关内容，希望对您有所帮助!定语从句和非谓语动词解析：熟悉非谓语动词的同学们应该都知道，非谓语动词包括to do, doing和done，这三类动词的特别之处就在于它们可以在句子里面充当除谓语以外的任何成分，其中一个非常重要的用法就是位于名词后作为名词的后置定语，比如：The semiarid lands bordering the deserts exist in a delicate ecological balance and are limited in their potential to adjust to increased environmental pressures.以上例句里的非谓语动词的短语“bordering the deserts”就是用作定语来修饰前面的名词短语“the semiarid lands”。
很多同学很熟悉定语从句，而对非谓语动词的'用法总是有种望而却步的感觉。
但是细心的同学肯定会发现，其实在语法家族里，当将非谓语动词用作后置定语的时候，它与定语从句的用法是一样的，两者是名副其实地长相不同，但却有血缘关系的“远房表亲”。
比如，上面的例子我们就可以改写成定语从句：The semiarid lands which border the deserts exist in a delicate ecological balance and are limited in their potential to adjust to increased environmental pressures.再如以下带有非谓语动词短语的句子：Theorist adopting the psychodynamic approach hold that inner conflicts are crucial for understand human behavior, including aggression.我们可以改成定语从句：Theorist who adopt the psychodynamic approach hold thatinner conflicts are crucial for understand human behavior, including aggression.又如，以下的两个句子的意思是相同的：1.What audience came to see was the magic made possible by trick photography and manipulation of the cinema.2.What audience came to see was the magic that was made possible by trick photography and manipulation of the cinema.在很多情况下，学生更容易理解定语从句。
非谓语从句和定语从句
非谓语从句和定语从句导语：关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
以下店铺为大家介绍非谓语从句和定语从句文章，欢迎大家阅读参考!非谓语从句和定语从句非谓语从句英语中的非是整个当中非常重要的部分，也是学生学习的一个难点。
其实，我们可以从从句的角度来解释非，弄清非谓语动词与从句的关系，这样会使学生对非谓语动词有更好的了解，学习起来更容易。
I. v-ing 形式与从句之间的转换1. v-ing形式作主语可换成that引导的主语从句Tom's knowing English helps him in learning French. That Tom knows English helps him in learning English.Her being out of work was unexpected. That she was out of work was unexpected.2. v-ing形式作宾语或宾补可换成that引导的宾语从句I remember having paid him for his work. I remember that I have paid him for his work.He suggests our making better use of the school library. He suggests that we (should) make better use of the school library.3. v-ing形式作表语可换成that引导的表语从句Our worry is your depending too much on him. Our worry is that you depend too much on him.The question is many people's being trapped in the fire. The question is that many people are trapped in the fire.4. v-ing形式作定语可换成that, who, which引导的定语从句We will study in the house facing south. We will study in the house that / which faces south.The man talking to my teacher is my father. The man who / that is talking to my teacher is my father.5. v-ing形式作状语可换成相应状语从句On arriving there, I will telephone you. As soon as I arrive there, I will telephone you.While waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her. While I was waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her.另外，v-ing形式在句中表伴随或作结果状语，相当于一个并列句，也可和with结构转换。
（完整版）非谓语动词与从句的转换
（完整版）非谓语动词与从句的转换高考写作一非谓语动词与从句的转换知识讲解知识点1：不定式（短语）与从句的关系1.【考查点】：不定式（短语）在句中作主语，其功能相当于一个主语从句，因此二者之间可以转换。
(1).To be able to help you is really an honor.(=That I’m able to help you)(2).He seemed to know the way.(=It seemed that he knew the way.)(3).Bush is said to have decided to attack North Korea.(= It is said that Bush has decided to attack North Korea.)2.【考查点】：不定式（短语）在句中作宾语或宾补，相当于一个宾语从句when and where to build a school.(宾语)(1).We still don’t know(=when and where we should build a school)(2).I advised him to go and see the doctor.(宾补)(=that he should go and see)(3).He thought it a great pity not to have invited her. .(宾语)(=That he hadn’t invited her.)3.【考查点】：不定式（短语）在句中作表语.，相当于一个表语从句(1).My suggestion is for them to leave as soon as possible.(=that they should leave)(2).My chief purpose has been for them to get a good understanding. (=that they can get a good understanding)4.【考查点】：不定式（短语）在句中作定语.，相当于一个定语从句(1).The question will be discussed at the conference shortly to open in Beijing. (=that is shortly to open in Beijing)(2).All dead, I was the only one to grow up.(=that grew up)5.【考查点】：不定式（短语）在句中作目的．结果状语.，相当于一个目的．结果状语从句(1).He came to the area in order/so as to study the folk music there.(=in order/so that)(2).The lady was so excited as not to say a word.(=so excited that she couldn’t…）6.【考查点】：不定式（短语）在句中作原因状语.，相当于一个原因状语从句(1).I trembled to think of being punished by the boss.(=because I though of being punished by the boss)(2).We were disappointed to have lost the game.(=that we have lost the game)知识点2：动名词（短语）与从句的关系1.【考查点】：动名词（短语）在句中作主语，相当于一个主语从句(1).Your going away (=That you went away) made the professor angry.(=That Mary was not made monitor ) made us sad.(2).Mary’s not being made monitor被动的动名词在句中作主语时一般不能省(3).Being called a fool(=That he was called a fool) hurt Bob badly.2.【考查点】：动名词（短语）再句中作宾语或宾补语，相当于一个宾语从句(1).I remember being taken to Beijing(=that I was taken to Beijing) when I was five.(2).He admitted having married Mary to a soldier(=that he had married Mary to a soldier).3.【考查点】：动名词（短语）在句中作表语.，相当于一个表语从句(1).My duty is serving the people heart and soul.=(that I’ll serve the people heart and soul).(2).The problem is his not having prepared his lessons for the exam.r the exam）.=（that he hasn’t prepared his lessons fo(3).The difficulty is Mary’s being caught between the two trees.=（that Mary is caught between the two trees）.4.【考查点】：介词＋动名词（短语），相当于一个从句(1).He was afraid of being scolded by his mistake.(=that he was…）(2).He was astonished at her knowing you.(=that she knew you)(3).We heard the news of our team having won.(=that our team had won)知识点3：分词（短语）与从句的关系1.【考查点】：分词（短语）作定语，相当于一个定语从句(1).The hospital was an old building built in 1931(=that was built in 1931).(2).Do you know the girl standing over there(=who is standing over there)?(3).The man speaking to us the other day(= who spoke to us the other day) has gone to Japan.2.【考查点】：分词独立结构，相当于一个状语从句，其中伴随状语多与并列句转换(1).Weather permitting, we’ll have the match tomorrow.(=If weather permits)(2).The dark clouds having disappeared, the sun shone again.(=When the dark clouds had disappeared)(3).The monitor being ill we’d better put the meting off.(=As the monitor was ill)uy the black dress.(4).Other things being equal(=If other things are equal), I’d b(5).Given more time(=If we were given more time), we could have done it better.(6).He came back, his hands tied to his back(=his hands were tied to his back).3.【考查点】：分词短语，相当于一个状语从句（时间）(1).On arriving(=As soon as I arrive) there, I’ll telephone you.(2).(While)waiting(=While I was waiting )for the bus, I caught sight of her．（时间）（原因）(3).Educated(=As he was educated ) by the party, he becamea great fighter.an answer, I wrote to him again.（原因）(4).Not having received(=Because I hadn’t received(5).(If) given(=If we had been given )enough time, e could have done it better.（条件）让步) (6).(Though) having made(=Though he had made) great achievements, he didn’t pride.(4.【考查点】：分词短语作状语，可表伴随，结果，相当于and 的并列句，也可和with 转换(1).He died, leaving his daughter much money.(=and left)(2).The teacher entered the lab, followed by our students.(=and he was followed by our students =with us following him=and we followed him)5.【考查点】：分词短语在句中作宾语或宾语补足语，相当于一个宾语从句(1).He found the windows broken.(=He found that the windows were broken.)(2).I felt my heart beating fast at the news of bomb explosion.(=I felt that my heart was besting fast at the news of bomb explosion)知识点4：特殊转换1.【考查点】：动名词复合结构相当于从句(1).Sophia’s having seen them(=That Sophia had seen them) didn’t surprised us.his (him) staying up so late(=that he stays up so late).(2).I can’t bear(3).We encourage students’ living in the school(=that students live in the school).(4).What was disappointing was our not being able to go fora picnic (that we were not able to go for a picnic).2.【考查点】：there+being+其他成分原因) (1).There being nothing to do, we played games.(=Because there was nothing to do) (原因) (2).They closed the store, there being no customers.(=Because ther was no customers) (四、例题精析【例题1】Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _______ a good college.A. enterB. to enterC. enteringD. entered【答案】B【解析】容易误选A。
非谓语动词和从句的转换
We will study in the house that / which faces south. The man talking to my teacher is my father.
The man who / that is talking to my teacher is my father.
The question is many people's being trapped in the fire. The question is that many people are trapped in the fire.
4. v-ing形式作定语可换成that, who, which引导的定语从句
非
非
谓
谓
语
语
动
动
词
词
与
与
从
从
句
句
间
间
的
的
转
转
换
换
三、 非谓语使用条件
一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句 （谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下
She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.
II. V-ed形式与从句之间的转换
1. v-ed形式作定语可换成定语从句
The question discussed yesterday is very important.
The question that / which was discussed yesterday is very important.
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非谓语动词作定语一：如何轻松精准的做此类题呢只需把握住两点：一先看非谓语动词与其逻辑主语（即定语的先行词）之间的关系，主动与被动二看非谓语动词与谓动的时间关系1与谓动同时发生2在谓动之前3在将来发生二：做题步骤：先搞清非谓语动词与先行词之间的逻辑关系1如果是主动关系，再看时间，与谓动同时发生用doing 将来发生用to do2如果是被动再看时间，与谓语动词同时发生用being done 在谓动之前用done表将来用to be done一．用不定式做定语的几种情况：（1）不定式表将来。
如：The car to be bought is for his sister.（2）用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no, all, any 等限定的中心词。
如：He is the best man to do the job.She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.（3）用来修饰的词是抽象名词时用不定式，常见的有：ability, chance, idea, fact, excuse, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time 等Do you have the ability to read and write in English?I have no chance to go sightseeing.二．分词作定语doing 主动进行being done 被动进行done 被动完成The houses being built are for the teachers.Things lost never come again.I have never seen a more moving movie.三、to be done , done, being done 做定语的区别三者的语态同为被动语态，区别主要集中在时态上Have you read the novel witten by Dickens?Listen! The song being sung is very popular with the students.The question to be discussed at tomorrow's meeting is a very important one.（一）、-ing形式作定语-ing 形式在句中做定语时有两种情况。
1. -ing 形式和所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系,表示这个名词(人或物)的动作或状态,相当于一个定语从句。
如:These dancing girls are from my class.At 11 o’clock，please find the waiting bus at the entrance.We should show respect for the working people注意:①表示现在(或当时)的状态,变为定语从句时常用一般时态。
The temple standing on the top of the hill was built in the Ming Dynasty.②表示正在进行的动作,变为定语从句时要用进行时态。
Do you see the woman talking to the secretary？The song being broadcast is very popular with the young students.③-ing形式的完成式一般不能用作定语,除非为非限制性的后置定语。
The manager wasn’t angry with the man who had been so rude. (不用having been so rude)The problem，having been discussed for many years，has now been solved.（1） I don`t know the man ________ over there.A. to standB. standingC. stoodD. being stood（2） It seems that I once met with the man _____ us.A. servedB. being servedC. to have servedD. serving（3）The old man _______ has been ill for months.A. to operate onB. operate onC. operatedD. being operated on（4） The Three Gorge project ____ on the middle reaches of Yangtse River is the biggest dam of its kind.A. to buildB. buildingC. being builtD. built（5）I’ve lived here for twenty years, but I don’t know the family ______ next to my door.A. to liveB. livingC. livedD. having lived（6）Last year we had a drought ______ 80 days.A. lastedB. lastingC. to lastD. being lasted（二）、过去分词作定语1.过去分词所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生,并且表被动。
A letter posted this morning will probably reach her tomorrow.2. 没有一定的时间性,仅表示被动。
I don’t like to see the letter written in pencil.我3.如过去分词作定语时所表示的动作正在发生,其结构为being done。
The question being discussed is important.现在正在讨论的问题很重要。
（1）From the dates ____ on the gold coin, we decided that it was made five hundred years ago.A. markingB. markedC. to be markedD. having been marked（2） Any applicant form ______ properly will not be accepted by the company.A. not filledB. not to be filledC. not being filledD. not having been filled（3） The amount of money _____ for the seriously sick child was soon collected.A. to needB. neededC. needingD. which needed非谓语动词作定语练习1.Here are some new computer programs _________ for home buildings.A. designingB. designC. designedD. to design2. The wallet several days ago was found in the dustbin outside the building.A. stolen, hiddenB. stealing, hidingC. stealing, hiddenD. stolen, hiding3. Many things impossible in the past are very common today.A. considerB. consideringC. consideredD. be considered4 What’s the language in Germany?A. speakingB. spokenC. be spokenD. to speak5. They found a old woman on the ground when the door was broken down.A. dying, lyingB. dead, liedC. death, layingD. died, lain6．The meeting this evening is of great importance．A．holding B．held C．to hold D．to be held7．—How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?—The key the problem is to meet the demand by the customers．A．to solving；making B．to solving；made C．to solve；making D．to solve；made 8．The computer centre，last year，is very popular among the students in this schoo1．A．open B．opening C．having opened D．opened9．The man on now is my brother．A．to be operated B．being operated C．operated D．been operated10．The first textbooks for teaching English as a foreign 1anguage came out in the 16th century．A．have written B．to be written C．being written D．written11．The 0lympic Games，in 776 B．C，did not include women players until 1912．A．first played B．to be first played C．first playing D．to be first playing12. The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the ．A．20 dollars remained B．20 dollars to remain C．remained 20 dollars D．remaining 20 dollars 13. Mr. Smith, of the speech, started to read a novel.A．tired; boring B．tiring; bored C．tired; bored D．tiring; boring14. The old man, ____________abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.A. to workB. workingC. to have workedD. having worked15. Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, ____ as 3M.A. knowingB. knownC. being knownD. to be known16. The flowers ____ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A. to smellB. smellingC. smeltD. to be smelt17. At present, English is the main subject ___________ here.（teach）18. Snow was falling when they went along a mountain path __________ to the front.（lead）19. ---“Who are those people with the banner?”---“A group __________ itself the League for peace.”（call）20. “The picture writing” __________ long long ago is hard for us to understand today.（draw）21. He loves parties. He is always the first __________ and the last __________（. come, leave）22. This is the best play __________ last year.（perform）23. How I regret the days __________ in doing the useless work!（waste）24.. The students, _____ at the way the questions were put, didn’t know the answers to them.（surprise）25. ____ in ancient times, the book still appeals to readers today.A. Though it writtenB. Though writtenC. It was writerD. Written it was26.After a whole day’s heavy work, the old worker returned home, ______.A. hungry and felt exhaustingB. hunger and exhaustedC. hungry and exhaustedD. hungry and having been exhausted27. Some people are sitting on the grass; others are strolling along the lake side, _____.A. chatting and to laughB. to chat and to laughC. chatting and laughingD. chatting and laughedReplace the underlined part with ing/ ed / to do1. The computer center which was opened last year, is very popular among the students. in the school.2. Most of the artists who were invited to the party were from South Africa.3. There was a terrible noise which followed he sudden burst of light.4. Do you know the boy who is lying under the big tree?5. Are you going to attend the meeting which will be held tomorrow?6. I like most of the books which are published in this publishing house.7. This is one of the questions which are being discussed at the meeting now.8. Would you please give me a piece of paper which I can write with ?9. The next train which will arrive is from Washington.。