冬天的故事(The Winter’s Tale)简介
英国文学文学作家及作品汇总
The Tempest暴风风雨;The Two Gentlemen of Veronaz维罗纳二绅士;The Mercy Wives of Windsor温莎的风流妇人;Measure for Measure恶有恶报;The Comedy of Errors错中错;Much Ado about Nothing无事自扰;Love’s Labour’s Lost空爱一场;A Midsummer Night’s Dream仲夏夜之梦;The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人;As You Like It如愿;The Taming of the Shrew驯悍记;All’s Well That Ends Well皆大欢喜;Twelfth Night第十二夜;The Winter’s Tale冬天的故事;The Life and Death of King John/Richard the Second/Henry the Fifth/Richard the Third约翰王/理查二世/亨利五世/理查三世;The First/Second Part of King Henry the Fourth亨利四世（上、下）;The First/Second/Third Part of King Henry the Sixth亨利六世（上、中、下）;The Life of King Henry the Eighth亨利八世；Troilus and Cressida脱爱勒斯与克莱西达;The Tragedy of Coriolanus考利欧雷诺斯;Titus Andronicus泰特斯·安庄尼克斯;Romeo and Julet罗密欧与朱丽叶；Timon of Athens雅典的泰门;The Life and Death of Julius Caesar;朱利阿斯·凯撒；The Tragedy of Macbeth麦克白;The Tragedy of Hamlet哈姆雷特/王子复仇记;King Lear李尔王;Othello奥塞罗;Antony and Cleopatra安东尼与克利欧佩特拉;Cymbeline辛白林;Pericles波里克利斯;Venus and Adonis维诺斯·阿都尼斯;Lucrece露克利斯;The Sonnets十四行诗
莎士比亚最著名的十首诗
莎士比亚最著名的十首诗篇一：莎士比亚是文艺复兴时期最重要的文学家之一,他的诗歌作品广受欢迎,其中一些作品被认为是莎士比亚最著名的十首诗。
以下是这些诗歌的标题和简要介绍:1. "As You Like It" (《欢乐颂》) - 这是莎士比亚最著名的诗歌之一,被认为是世界文学史上最伟大的诗歌之一。
这首诗歌以轻快的旋律和生动的人物形象描绘了一个贵族家庭的快乐时光。
2. "冬天的故事" (The Winter"s Tale,《冬天的故事》) - 这是莎士比亚最著名的喜剧之一,讲述了一个冬天的故事,其中包括许多戏剧性的场景和对话。
3. "冬天的故事" (The Winter"s Tale,《冬天的故事》) - 这是莎士比亚最著名的喜剧之一,讲述了一个冬天的故事,其中包括许多戏剧性的场景和对话。
4. "哈姆雷特" (Hagioagios,《哈姆雷特》) - 这是莎士比亚最著名的戏剧之一,讲述了一个悲剧性的故事,主人公哈姆雷特在复仇和生死之间挣扎。
5. "李尔王" (Lorelei,《李尔王》) - 这是莎士比亚最著名的悲剧之一,讲述了一个贵族人物李尔王的故事,他因为自己的错误和残忍而受到惩罚。
6. "暴风雨" (The Tempest,《暴风雨》) - 这是莎士比亚最著名的悲剧之一,讲述了一个海上冒险的故事,其中包括许多戏剧性的场景和人物关系。
7. "黎明" (Othello,《奥赛罗》) - 这是莎士比亚最著名的戏剧之一,讲述了一个海盗奥赛罗的故事,他在与伊莎贝拉的爱情和与敌人的战斗之间挣扎。
8. "哈姆雷特" (Hagioagios,《哈姆雷特》) - 这是莎士比亚最著名的喜剧之一,讲述了一个悲剧性的故事,主人公哈姆雷特在复仇和生死之间挣扎。
英国文学作家作品
Part one. Early and medieval English literature1.Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) the founder of English poerty(1)1355-1372, French period: translating period:The Romance of Rose 《玫瑰传奇》(France)(2)1372-1385, Italian period: adapting periodThe Parliament of Fowls《白鸟会议》，The House of Fame《声誉殿堂》, The Legend of Good Women 《好女人的故事》Troilus and Criseyde《特罗伊勒斯和克莱西》--only complete long poem (3)1385-1400, English period: creating periodMasterpiece:The Canterbury Tales 《坎特伯雷故事集》Part two:The English renaissance（1）Thomas More: Utopia 乌托邦（2）Philip Sidney: Apology for Poetry（3）Edmund Spenser: The Faerie Queene (《仙后》）（4）John Lyly: Euphues（5）Francis Bacon: philosopher, scientist and prose writer;the founder of Englishmaterialist philosophy（6）Marlowe：The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus《浮士德博士的悲剧》Tamburlaine the Mongol 《帖木儿》(7)William Shakespeare，威廉.莎士比亚（1564-1616）&Period of Early Experimentation (1590—1594)Historical plays:King Henry VI(Parts 1,2 and 3, Richard IIIComedies:The Comedy of Errors （错误的喜剧）The Taming of the Shrew（驯悍记）The Two Gentlemen of Verona （维洛那两绅士）Love‟s Labor Lost （爱的徒劳）Tragedies:Titus Andronicus （泰特斯·安特洛尼克斯）Romeo and Juliet（罗密欧和朱莉叶）Two narrative poems:Venus and Adonis（维纳斯与安东尼斯）The Rape of Lucrece （鲁里克斯受辱记）&Period of Rapid Growth and Development (1595—1600)ComediesA Midsummer Night‟s Dream（仲夏夜梦）The Merchant of Venice（威尼斯人）As You Like It （皆大欢喜）Twelfth Night（第十二夜）The Merry Wives of Windsor (温莎的风流妇人)Much Ado About Nothing (无事生非)Historical plays: Richard II，Henry IV (Parts 1 and 2，Henry V, King John Roman tragedy: Julius Caesar（裘利斯.凯撒）&Period of Gloom and Depression (1601—1608)Tragedies:Macbeth（麦克白）King Lear（李尔王）Hamlet ( 哈姆雷特) Othello(奥赛罗)Comedies:Troilus and Cressida (特洛伊斯与克雷西达)All‟s Well That Ends Well(终成眷属)Measure for Measure (一报还一报)Roman Tragedies:Antony and Cleopatra （安东尼与克里奥佩特拉）○4Period of Calm after Storm (1609—1612)The Winter‟s Tale（冬天的故事）Cymbeline, King of Britain （辛白林）The Tempest（暴风雨）HenryⅧ（亨利八世）(8) Ben Jonson : Senjanus CatilinePart three : the period of the English bourgeois revolution (1) John Milton(1608—1674) the Puritan poets清教徒派诗人Milton’s Works of His Early Days•Poems written in Cambridge and at Horton: 1. On the Morning of Christ‟s Nativity《基督诞生晨颂》, first important work• 2. L‟Allegro《快乐的人》Penseroso《幽思的人》• 3. Comus《科玛斯》a mask假面剧, in blank verse• 4. Lycidas《利西达斯》, expressing the pathos(哀颂)of his friend Edward Kin g’s (爱德华·金)premature(过早的)death•The early poetic works:L'Allegro, Il Penseroso, and the elegy Lycidas(1637) •The middle prose pamphlets:Defensio pro Populo Anglicano, Areopagitica•The last great poems: Paradise Lost (1667) , Paradise Regained (1671) and the poetic drama Samson Agonistes《力士参孙》(1671).（2）John Bunyan(1628—1688) the Puritan poets清教徒派诗人The Pilgrim‟s Progress 天山历途——“Vanity Fair” is a remarkable passage.（3）John Donne ——Metaphysical poets 玄学派诗人（4）John Dryden——the Cavalier poets 保皇派诗人“All for Love” “一切为了爱情”“Essay of Dramatic Poesy” “论戏剧诗”Part four : The Enlightenment century（1）The representative writer of the neo-classical school:•Addison(艾迪生）——The Spectator 旁观者Steele（斯梯尔）——the Tatler 闲谈者Pope（蒲柏)——a master in satire and heroic coupletthe Pastorals (1709)（田园诗歌）•the Essay on Criticism (1711) （论批评）The Rape of the Lock (1714)（卷发遇劫记）,•Essay on Man(p137) The Dunciad(P136)（2）the representative of modern novelist in the 18th century○1Jonathan Swift（乔纳森·斯威福特）(P138):The Battle of Books A Tale of a Tub Gulliver‟s travels○2Daniel Defoe（笛福）:The True-born Englishman 《纯血统英国人》The Shortest Way with the Dissenters《铲除新教徒的捷径》Hymn to the Pillory 《木枷颂》Robinson Crusoe(1719, at the age of 58, he published his Robinson Crusoe, the book which made him immortal) 《鲁滨逊漂流记》Captain Singleton (1720)《辛格顿船长》Moll Flanders (1722)《摩尔.弗兰德斯》Colonel Jacque《陆军上尉大人》○3Samuel Richardson(塞缪尔·理查逊) 1689-1761•Pamela《帕米拉》•Clarissa Harlowe 《克拉丽莎》•Sir Charles Grandison《查尔斯.格兰迪森爵士的历史》○4Henry Fielding（亨利·菲尔丁）•The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling《弃婴汤姆琼斯的故事》•Joseph Andrews《约瑟夫·安德鲁斯》•The History of Jonathan Wild the Great《伟大的乔纳森·王尔德》Amelia 《艾米莉亚》（his last novel)○5Smollett(斯摩莱特）: a Scottish poet and novelist.●Roderick Random (《蓝登传》) (P172)●Peregrine Pickle《匹克尔传》(P173)●Humphry Clinker (《汉弗莱·克林克历险记》)(P173)○6Sterne（斯特恩）:an Irish novelist. Sterne was a representative of sentimentalism in the 18th century.●The life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy (《项狄传》)● A Sentimental Journey (《感伤旅行》)(P175)18th Century Drama Sheridan—— The Rivals (《情敌》)（P178)The School for Scandal (《造谣学校》)(P179)Samuel Johnson （塞缪尔·约翰逊）The Preface to Shakespeare (《莎士比亚戏剧集序言》)Lives of Poets 《英国诗人传》（P181)Oliver Goldsmith(奥利弗.戈德史密斯）A. Poems:The Traveller (1764)The Deserted Village (1770) (《荒村》) （P184）B. Novel:The Vicar of Wakefield (1766), (《威克菲尔德牧师传》)（P187）C. Comedies:The Good-Natured Man (1768)（《好心人》）(P 187)She Stoops to Conquer (1773).(《屈身求爱》)(P188)D. Essay: The Citizen of the World (《世界公民》)（P187)1. William Blake: 威廉·布莱克Song of Innocence and Songs of Experience 天真之歌和经验之歌Poetical Sketches 素描诗集(P195) The Tiger 老虎2. Robert Burns:罗伯特·彭斯(1759—1796)A Red Red Rose《一朵红红的玫瑰》, Auld Lang Syne.《友谊地久天长》3．Edward Gibbon：“The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire”（《罗马帝国衰亡史》）4.Thomas Gray：“Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”《墓园挽诗》Part five : romanticism in EnglandPoetry: (1) the elder generation escapist romanticistsWordsworth, Coleridge, Southey,(2) younger generation active romanticistsByron, Shelly and KeatsProse: Lamb, Hazlitt, De Quincey and HuntNovels: Walter Scott, historical novelistPeriodicals 期刊杂志: 1)The Edinburgh Review 2)Quarterly Review 3)Blackwood‟s Edinburgh Magazine4)The Examiner(1)William Wordsworth（威廉.华兹华斯）Lyrical Ballads 《抒情歌谣集》1798“The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” (“古舟子咏”; “老水手之行”)Poetry takes its originFrom emotion recollected tranquility.诗歌源于平静中重新积聚起来的情感。
英语专八 马思特英国作家作品[重点]
![英语专八 马思特英国作家作品[重点]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/3fd0e5c34028915f804dc2e9.png)
英美文学资料( I )英国文学Chapter 1 Renaissance文艺复兴时期The father of English poetry: Geoffrey Chaucer：heroic couplet The Canterbury Tales英国文学史上现实主义第一部杰作（他是最早有人文主义思想的作家，现实主义文学的奠基人）The House of FameI. Edmund Spenser : ―the poet’s poet‖Epithalamion 《贺新婚曲》The Faerie Queene 《仙后》II．Christopher MarloweTamburlaine 铁木耳转Dr. Faustus 浮士德悲剧The Jew of Malta 马乐他岛的犹太人Edward II 爱德华二世Hero and Leander 海洛与勒安德尔Thomas More: Utopia 乌托邦III. William ShakespeareRape of Lucrece 鲁克斯受辱记Venus and Adonis 维纳斯与安东尼斯Titus Andronicus 泰托斯安东尼The Comedy of Errors 错误的喜剧The Two Gentlemen of Verona 维洛那二绅士The Taming of the Shrew 驯悍记Love’s Labour’s Lost 爱的徒劳Richard II 理查二世King John 约翰王Henry IV, Parts I and II, Henry VSix Comedies:A Midsummer Night’s Dream 仲夏夜之梦The Merchant of Venice 威尼斯商人Much Ado About Nothing 无事无非As You Like It 皆大欢喜Twelfth Night 第十二夜The Merry Wives of Windsor 温莎的风流娘儿们Two Tragedies:Romeo and Juliet 罗米欧与朱丽叶Julius Caesar 凯撒HamletOthelloKing LearMacbethAntony and Cleopatra 安东尼与克里佩特拉Troilus and Cressida, and Coriolanus 特洛伊勒斯与克利西达All’ s Well That Ends Well (comedy) 终成成眷属Measure for Measure (comedy) 一报还一报Pericles 伯里克利Cymbeline 辛白林The Winter’s Tale 冬天的故事The Tempest 暴风雨Henry VIIIThe Two Noble Kinsmen两位贵族亲戚IV. Francis Bacon：philosopher, scientist, essayist the first English essayist The Advancement of Learning 论科学的价值与发展Novum Organum (New Instrument) 新工具Apophthagmes New and Old 新旧格言录The History of the Reign of Henry VIIThe New Atlantis 新大西岛Maxims of Law 法律原理The Learning Reading upon the Statute of Uses法令使用读书Essays 论说文集，随笔V. John Donne: the leading figure of the ―Metaphysical school‖玄学派Conceit ―奇喻‖: a far-fetched metaphor or simileThe Elegies and Satires挽歌与十四行诗The Songs and Sonnets 歌谣与十四行诗Holy Sonnets 圣十四行诗A Hymns to God the Father 给圣父的赞美诗VI. John Milton: the greatest English poet and writer of political pamphlets Paradise Lost 失乐园Paradise Regained 复乐园Samson Agonistes力士参孙Lycidas 利西达斯Areopagitica 论出版自由Chapter 2 The Neoclassical Period 新古典主义时期(1660-1798)Enlightenment literature:The reign of so-called classicismThe revival of romantic periodThe beginnings of the modern novelThe Realistic Novel：pioneers: Daniel Defoe ，Samuel Richardson，Henry Fielding，Laurence Sterne，Tobias Creorge Smollott，& Oliver Goldsmith.I． John BunyanThe Pilgrim’s Progress 天路历程Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners 罪人头目的赫免The Life and Death of Mr. Badman 拜德门先生生死录The Holy War 圣战II． Alexander Pope --poet & satiristThe Dunciad 群愚史诗;愚人志An Essay on Criticism 论批评The Rape of the Lock 夺发记III. Daniel DefoeRobinson Crusoe 鲁宾逊漂流记Captain Singleton 辛立顿船长Moll Flanders 莫尔弗兰德斯A Journal of the Plague Year 灾疫之年的日记Colonel Jack 杰克上校Roxana 罗克萨那IV. Jonathan Swift : Proper words in proper places make the true definition of a style.A Tale of a Tub 木桶传The Battle of the Books 书籍的战斗Gulli ver’s Travels 格列弗游记A Modest Proposal 一个小小的建议The Drapier’s Letters 布商的书信V. Henry Fielding: Father of the English NovelThe Coffee House Politician 咖啡屋的政治家The Tragedy of the Tragedies 悲剧中的悲剧The Historical Register for the Year 1736 1736历史年鉴The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews and of His Friend Mr. Abraham Adam s, Written in Imitation of the Manner of CervantesThe History of Jonathan Wild the GreatThe History of Tom Jones, a Foundling 汤姆琼斯The History of Amelia 阿米亚Joseph AndrewsVI. Samuel Johnson English writer，critic，& lexicographerThe Vanity of Human Wishes 人生希望多空幻The History of Rasselas, Prince of Abyssinia (a romance)阿比西尼亚王子的故事Irene (a tragedy) 艾琳The Rambler and The Idler 漫游者和闲散者Lives of PoetsA Dictionary of the English LanguageVII. Richard Brinsley Sheridan: British dramatist & statesmanThe Rivals 情敌The School for Scandal 造谣学校St. Patrick’s Day圣特帕里克节日Scheming Lieutenant 诡计多端的中尉The Duenna 少女的监护人The Critic 批评家Pizarro 比扎罗VIII． Thomas GrayElegy Written in a Country Churchyard 写在教堂墓地的挽歌Ode on a Spring 春之颂Ode on a Distant Prospect of Eton College 伊顿远眺Ode on the Death of a Favourite Cat 爱猫之死颂Hymn to Adversity 逆境颂Chapter 3 The Romantic Period 浪漫住义时期Lyric Ballads Wordsworth and ColeridgeI． William BlakePoetic Sketches 诗歌扎记The Songs of Innocence 天真之歌The Songs of Experience 经验之歌Marriage of Heaven and Hell 天堂与地狱联姻The Book of Urizen 尤里曾的书The Book of Los 洛斯的书The Four Zoas 四个成熟的个体Milton 弥尔顿Robert Burns: A Red, Red Rose, My Heart’s in the HighlandAn excellent native poet of ScotlandII. William Wordsworth (Worshiper of Nature): Lake Poets Coleridge, Robert Southey Wordsworth is regarded as a " worshipper of nature."Lyrical Ballads (抒情歌谣集)The PreludeThe ExcursionWorshipper of Nature(The Sparr,w’s Nest, To a Skylark, To the Cuckoo, To a Butterfly, I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud, An Evening Walking, My Heartn Leaps up, Tintern Abbey)She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways, The Solitary ReaperIII. Samuel Taylor Coleridge ：poet & criticLyrical BalladsThe Rime of the Ancient Mariner （古舟子咏）Kubla Khan （忽必烈汗）This Lime Free Bower My Prison （酸橙树亭------我的监牢）Frost at Midnight 午夜霜The Nightingale 夜莺Biographia Literaria文学传记ChristabelIV． George Gordon ByronHours of Idleness 闲散的时光Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage恰尔德哈罗德游记Oriental Tales 东方化的传奇The Prisoner of Chillon 锡庸的囚徒Manfred 曼弗雷德Don Juan 唐璜Cain 该隐The Island 岛屿The Vision of Judgement 审判的想象V. Percy Bysshe ShelleyOde to the West WindTo a SkylarkThe CloudThe Necessity of Atheism 无神论的必要性Queen Mab: A Philosophical Poem 仙后麦布Alastor, or The Spirit of Solitude 复仇者或隐居者的精神Julian and Maddalo 朱利安与麦达格The Revolt of Islam 伊斯兰的反叛The Cenci 钦契一家The Prometheus Unbound解放了的普罗米修斯Adomais 阿多尼斯Hellas 海娜斯A Defense of Poetry 诗之辩护VI. John Keats: pursuits a kind of romantic beauty iOn First Looking into Chapman’s HomerEndymion[希神]恩底弥翁(月神)Lamia, Isabella, The Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems (Ode on Melancholy, Ode on a Grecian Urn, Ode to a Nightingale, Ode to Psyche)Lyric masterpiece (To Autumn, Hyperion)VII. Jane AustenSense and Sensibility 理智与情感Pride and Prejudice 傲慢与偏见Northanger Abbey 诺桑觉寺Mansfield Park 曼斯菲尔德花园Emma 埃玛Persuasion 劝导The Watsons 屈陈氏一爱Fragment of a Novel 小说的片断Plan of a Novel 小说的计划Walter Scott : the first major historical novelistWaverleyIvanhoeRob RoyChapter 4. The Victorian Period 维多利亚时期(1836-1901)I． Charles Dickens：the greatest representative of English critical realism Sketches by Boz 博兹特写集The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club 皮克威克外传Oliver Twist 雾都孤儿The Old Curiosity Shop 老古玩店Nicholas Nickleby 尼古拉斯尼克尔贝American NotesDavid Copperfield 大卫科波菲尔Martin Chuzzlewit 马丁朱尔述维特A Christmas CarolDombey and Son 董贝父子Barnaby RudgeBleak House 荒凉山庄Hard Times 艰难时世Little Dorrit 小杜丽A Tale of Two Cities 双城记Great Expectations 远大前程Our Mutual Friend 我们共同的朋友II. The Bronte SistersPoems by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell (Charlotte, Emily, Anne)Agnes Grey（Anne）The Tenant of Wildfell Hall（Anne）The Professor (Charlotte) 教师Jane Eyre (Charlotte Bronte) 简爱Wuthering Heights (Emily Bronte) 呼啸山庄III. Alfred TennysonPoems by Two Brothers 两兄弟诗集Poems, Chiefly Lyrical 诗集，主要是抒情诗Poems 诗集The Princess 公主In Memoriam 悼念Idylls of the King 国王叙事集Crossing the BarBreadk, Breadk, BrealIV. Robert Browning: Dramatic MonologueMy Last DuchessPauline 波琳Sordello 索尔戴洛Dramatic Lyrics 戏剧抒情诗Dramatic Romances and Lyrics 戏剧罗曼史和抒情诗Bells and Pomegranates 铃铛与石榴Men and Women 男人与女人Dramatic Personae 剧中人The Ring and the Book指环与书Dramatic Idylls 戏剧田园诗V. George Eliot:woman novelist psychological analysisMost of her novels are characterized by two features：moral teaching & psychological realism. Scenes of Clerical Life 教区生活场景Adam Bede 亚当比德The Mill on the Floss 弗洛斯河上的磨坊Romola 罗慕拉Felix holt, the Radical 激进分子菲尼克斯霍尔特Middlemarch 米德尔马契Daniel Deronda 但尼尔狄隆达VI. Thomas Hardy: novels of Character and Environment―Fatalism‖—pessimistic philosophyThe Dynasts 列后A Pair of Blue EyesThe Trumpet Major 号兵长Desperate RemediesThe Hand of EthelbertaThe Mayor of Casterbridge 卡斯特桥市长Under the Greenwood 林间居民Far from the Madding Crowd 远离尘嚣The Return of the Native 还乡Tess of the D’Urbervilles苔丝Jude the Obscure 无名的裘德Chapter 5 现代主义时期(end of the 19c –20c)I. George Bernard Shaw: dramatistCashel Byron’s Profession 卡歇尔拜伦的职业[novel]Our Theaters in the Nineties 90年代的英国戏剧[criticism]Widowers’ Houses 鳏夫的房产Candida 堪迪达Mrs. Warren’s Profession 沃伦夫人的职业Caesar and Cleopatra 凯撕与克利奥佩特拉 [history play]St. Joan 圣女贞德[history play]Back to Methuselah 回归玛士撒拉 [life power]Man and Superman人与超人[life power]Apple CartJohn Bull’s Other Island 约翰布尔的另外岛屿Pygmalion 茶花女Getting Married 结婚Misalliance 不合适的媳妇Fanny’s First Play 范尼的第一部戏剧The Doctor’s Dilemma医生的困境Too True to Be Good 难以置信II. John GalsworthyFrom the Four Winds 来自四位吹奏者The Man of Property 财主;The Silver Box 银盒The Forsyte Saga弗尔赛特三部曲 ( The Man of Property, 有产业的人 In Chancery 骑虎难下, To Let 出租)A Modern Comedy 现代喜剧End of the Chapter 篇章未尾III. William Butler Yeats: In 1923，he was awarded NobeI Prize for 1iterature.The Lake of Innisfree 伊尼斯岛Easter of 1916New Era 新的纪元Sailing to Byzantium 驶向拜占庭：explored the problems of death, love,old age and art Down by the Salley GardensHis Play:The Countess Cathleen 女伯爵凯瑟琳Cathleen ni Houlihan 故里痕的凯瑟琳The Land of Heart’s Desire 心里渴望的地方The Shadowy Waters 浅水区Purgatory 炼狱IV. T. S. EliotHis play:Murder in the Cathedral （1935）教堂里的谋杀The Family Reunion （1939）家人团聚The Cocktail Party （1950）鸡尾酒会The Confidential Clerk （1954）机要秘书The-Elder Statesman （1959）政治家His poem:The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock 布鲁富劳克的情歌The Waste Land 荒园His prose:Tradition and Individual TalentV. D. H. LawrenceSons and Lovers 儿子与情人The White Peacock白孔雀The Trespasser 过客The Rainbow彩虹Women in Love 恋爱中的女人Aaron’s Rod亚伦神仗Kangaroo 袋鼠The Plumed Serpent带羽毛的蛇Lady Chatterley’s LoverSt. Mawr 圣摩尔The Daughter of the Vicar 主教的女儿The Horse Dealer’s Daughter贩马人的女儿The Captain’s Doll 般长的娃娃The Prussian Officer 普鲁士军官The Virgin and the Gypsy贞女和吉普塞人Trilogy(A Collier’s Friday Night, 矿工周五的夜晚The Daughter-in-law,儿媳The Widowing of Mrs. Holroyed 守寡的霍尔伊德夫人VI. James Joyce: the most prominent stream of consciousness novelistDubliner 都柏林人A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man青年艺术家的自画像Ulysses 尤利西斯Finnegans Wake 为芬尼根守灵Herbert George WellsThe Time MachineThe Island of Dr.MoreauWilliam Somerset Maugham毛姆Of Human bondageThe Moon and SixpenceVirginia Woolf 沃尔夫novelist and essayistMr. DallowayTo the Lighthouse 到登塔去The WavesWilliam Golding：was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1983Lord of the Flies 蝇王美国文学Chapter 1 The Romantic Period (the end of 18c ---the outbreak of the Civil War)Longfellow 朗费罗：poetEvangeline (1847) 伊凡吉兰The Song of Hiawatha (1885) 海华沙之歌[在美国文学史上这是描写印第安人的第一部史诗]I． Washington Irving : Most of Irving's subject matter are borrowed heavily from European sources，which are chiefly Germanic. He was the first American writer of imaginative literature to gain international fame.A History of New York form the Beginning of the World to the End of Dutch Dynasty 自古至荷兰占领为止的纽约史The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent 见闻扎记Bracebridge Hall 布雷斯布里奇庄园Tales of a Travel 旅行者的故事Rip Van WinkleThe Legend of Sleepy Hollow 睡谷的传说II. Ralph Waldo Emerson：Transcendentalism 超验主义–an American version of Romantism Emersonian Transcendentalism inspired a whole generation of famous American authors like Thoreau，Whitman，and Dickinson.Nature 论自然Essay 散文集The American Scholar 论美国学者Self-Reliance 论自助The Over-Soul 论超灵Henry David Thoreau: transcendentalist writerWalden瓦尔登湖James Fenimore Cooper: the first great American writer of fictionThe PioneersThe Last of the MohicansThe PrairieThe PathfinderThe DeerslayerEdgar Allan Poe: poet and critic, the first master of the short story formThe Murder in the Rue MorgueIII. Nathaniel HawthorneMosses from an Old Manse古宅青苔The Snow-Image and Other Twice-Told Tales 雪像和其他故事新编The Scarlet Letter 红字The House of Seven Gables 七个尖角阁的房子The Blithedale Romance 福谷传说The Marble Faun 大理石雕像IV. Herman Melville : Moby-dick is regarded as the Great American Novel，the first American prose epic（散文史诗：a long narrative poem telling of heroic deeds of reflecting the values of the society from which it originated），though it is presented in the form of a novel. Typee 泰比Omoo 奥穆Mardi 玛迪Redburn 雷德本White Jacket 白外衣Pierre 皮埃尔Confidence-Man 信心人Moby-Dick 白鲸：It is a mixture of romanticism and realismBilly Budd 比利伯德V.Harriet Beecher StowerUncle Tom’s CabinWalt Whitman: He is the poet of the common people and the prophet and singer of democracy. Leaves of GrassChapter 2 The Realistic Period 现实主义时期(1865-1914)I. Mark Twain : Mark Twain is a great literary giant of America, whom H.L.Mencken considered ―the true father of our national literature.‖Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: The book marks the climax of Twain's literary creativityLife on MississippiThe Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras CountyInnocent Abroad 傻瓜出国记Roughing It 含莘如苦The Adventures of Tom SawyerThe Gilded Age 镀金时代A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court 亚瑟王宫庭中的美国佬The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson 傻瓜威尔逊The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg 败坏哈德莱堡的人The Mysterious Stranger 神秘的陌生人II. Henry James: a novelist and criticThe American 美国人Daisy Miller 黛西米勒The European 欧洲人The Protrait of A Lady 贵妇人的画像The Bostonians 波士顿人Princess Casamassima 卡撒玛西公主The Private Life 私生活The Middle Years 中年The Turn of the Screw 螺丝的拧紧The Beast in the Jungle 丛林猛兽What Maisie Knows 梅西所知道的The Wings of the Dove 鸽翼The Ambassadors 大使The Golden Bowl 金碗The Death of a Lion 狮之死The Art of Fiction：literary criticismIII. Emily Dickinson: American best known female poetIf you were coming in the fallThere came a day Summer’s fullI cannot live with YouI’m ceded-I’ve stopped being theirsI like to see it lap the MilesBecause I could not stop for deathIV． Theodore Dreiser [naturalism]Sister Carrie 嘉莉妹妹 Nigger Jeff 黑人杰夫Old Rogaum and His Theresa 老罗格姆和他的特里萨 Jennie Gerhardt珍妮姑娘Trilogy of Desire The Financier 金融家 The Titan The Stoic The Genius 天才An American Tragedy 美国悲剧 Dreiser at Russia 德莱塞对俄罗斯的观感Stephen Crane [naturalism]The red badge of courageJack LondonThe Call of the WildThe Sea WolfWhite FangThe Iron HeelMartin EdenChapter 3 The Modern Period 现代主义时期[20世纪初期至中叶]I. Ezra Pound : Imagist MovementHis poetic works：The Cantos 诗章Collected Early Poems of Ezra Pound 庞德的诗章Personae 人物Cantos Hugh Selwyn Mauberley 休塞尔温莫伯利His critical essays：Make It New 要革新Literary Essays 文学散文The ABC of Reading 阅读入门Polite Essays 优雅的随笔His translations：The Translations of Ezra Pound 庞德译文集Confucius 孔子Shih-Ching 诗集II. Robert Lee Frost ：He won the Pulitzer Prize four times and read poetry at the inauguration of President John F. Kennedy in 1961.Known for his verse concerning New England life.After Apple-PickingThe Road Not TakenA Boy’s Will 一个男孩儿的愿望North of Boston 波士顿以北Mountain IntervalNew Hampshire 新罕布什尔Snowy Evening 雪夜停马在林边West-Running Brook 向西流去的小溪Collected Poems 诗选A Winter TreeIII. Eugene O’Neill: the Greatest American playwright, Nobel Prize 1936Eugene O'Neill is unquestionably America's greatest playwright. He won the Pulitzer Prize four times and was the only dramatist ever to win a Nobel Prize （1936）。
冬天的故事读后感作者莎士比亚读后感
冬天的故事读后感作者莎士比亚读后感英文版"The Winter's Tale: Shakespeare's Touch of Humanity"William Shakespeare, the Bard of Avon, has left a rich legacy of masterpieces that have defined the very essence of English literature. Among his various tragedies and comedies, "The Winter's Tale" stands out as a unique blend of both genres, offering a profound commentary on the complexities of human nature and the resilience of love.The play opens with a familiar Shakespearean trope - a kingdom in turmoil. King Leontes of Sicilia疑忌 his wife, Hermione, of infidelity with his friend Polixenes. This suspicion, fuelled by the malicious whispers of a jealous courtier, leads to a series of tragic events that shatter the lives of many. Hermione is wrongfully accused, Polixenes is banished, and the king's daughter, Perdita, is lost at sea.The play then shifts to a different setting, where Perdita is found and raised by a shepherd named Florizel. Here, Shakespeare introduces another layer of complexity with the love story between Perdita and Florizel. Despite their humble backgrounds, their love is pure and strong, a testament to the power of love transcending social barriers.The play reaches its climax with a series of revelations and reunions. Leontes's jealousy is exposed, and he is forced to reconcile with his past actions. Hermione, having been wrongly imprisoned, is revealed to be alive and well. Polixenes returns, and the long-lost Perdita is reunited with her family.The ending of "The Winter's Tale" is a triumph of hope and reconciliation. It is a powerful reminder of the resilience of human spirit and the healing power of love. Shakespeare's skillful handling of themes such as jealousy, love, and redemption give the play a timeless appeal that resonates with audiences across centuries.What makes "The Winter's Tale" particularly noteworthy is Shakespeare's unique approach to comedy and tragedy. The play opens with a tragic note, but gradually shifts towards comedy as the characters are forced to confront their flaws and seek redemption. This blend of genres creates a unique emotional experience for the audience, who are taken through a rollercoaster of emotions that range from anger, sadness, and despair to joy, hope, and love.The characters of "The Winter's Tale" are also remarkably well-drawn. King Leontes, while flawed by jealousy, undergoes a profound transformation that leads him to repent his past actions. Hermione's unwavering loyalty and love for her husband are truly heartwarming. Polixenes's banishment and subsequent return add another layer of drama to the story. And Perdita's innocence and purity of heart are a refreshing reminder of the goodness that lies within each of us.The language of Shakespeare is also a treat to behold. His use of metaphor, simile, and rhyme creates a rich tapestry ofwords that are both beautiful and profound. His ability to convey complex emotional and psychological states through language is truly remarkable.In conclusion, "The Winter's Tale" is not just another Shakespearean play; it is a masterpiece that offers a profound commentary on human nature and the power of love. It is a timeless story that continues to resonate with audiences across the globe, reminding us of the importance of overcoming our flaws, embracing love, and cherishing the moments that make life worth living.“冬天的故事”读后感：莎士比亚的人性之笔威廉·莎士比亚，艾文的吟游诗人，留下了许多杰作，这些杰作定义了英国文学的本质。
关于冬天的故事6篇
关于冬天的故事6篇（经典版）编制人：__________________审核人：__________________审批人：__________________编制学校：__________________编制时间：____年____月____日序言下载提示：该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的，希望大家下载后，能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
文档下载后可定制修改，请根据实际需要进行调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文，如教案资料、说课稿、教育笔记、教师寄语、家园共育、儿童歌谣、工作总结、工作计划、活动方案、其他范文等等，想了解不同范文格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor.I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!In addition, this shop provides various types of classic sample essays, such as lesson plan materials, lecture notes, educational notes, teacher messages, home education, children's songs, work summary, work plan, activity plan, other sample essays, etc. Please pay attention to the different formats and writing methods of the model essay!关于冬天的故事6篇冬天故事。
英语专业英国文学总结
一、The Anglo-Saxon period (449-1066)1、这个时期的文学作品分类：pagan(异教徒) Christian(基督徒)2、头韵体代表作：The Song of Beowulf《贝奥武甫》( national epic 民族史诗) 采用了隐喻手法【Alliteration 押头韵（写作手法）和metaphor暗语understatement婉转表达】3、散文Bede比德Alfred二、The Anglo-Norman period (1066-1350)1、romance 传奇文学佚名诗人：代表作：Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (高文爵士和绿衣骑士) 是一首押头韵的长诗2、Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) 杰弗里.乔叟时期① the father of English poetry 英国诗歌之父②heroic couplet 英雄双韵体：a verse unit consisting of two rhymed(押韵) lines in iambic pentameter(五步抑扬格)③代表作：the Canterbury Tales 坎特伯雷的故事(英国文学史的开端)3、Langland 朗格兰Piers the plowman《农夫彼尔斯》4、Malory 马罗礼Le Morte D'Arthur亚瑟王之死5、Popular Ballads大众民谣：a story hold in 4-line stanzas with second and fourth line rhymed 代表人物：Bishop Thomas Percy 托马斯.帕希主教代表作：Robin Hood and Allin-a-Dale 罗宾汉和阿林代尔三、The Renaissance (16世纪) 文艺复兴时期十四行诗sonnet和对白体无韵诗（主体）1、key work: humanism 人文主义：admire human beauty and human achievement2、代表人物：（第一阶段）1)、Thomas More 托马斯.莫尔Utopia 乌托邦Book two is more important2）、Wyatt 魏阿特1st man to introduce into England sonnet3)、Surrey 萨利1st man to reform sonnet/ to use blank verse/ to use sonnet series（二、伊莉沙白时代:)4)、Sidney 锡特尼（田园）阿斯特罗菲尔与斯黛拉Astrophel and StellaApology for poetry 诗辨（人文主义、文学批评）5）Spenser斯宾塞（田园）poet's poet① The Faerie Queene仙后(epic poem 史诗) The Shepherds Calendar牧人日历② Amoretti爱情小唱Epithalamion婚后曲Colin Clouts Come Home Againe柯林•克劳特回来了Foure Hymnes四首赞美歌6）、Lyly 李雷Euphues 尤菲倚斯7)、Marlowe马洛（戏剧）Doctor Faustus浮士德博士的悲剧（代表作）desire for knowledgeTamburlaine帖木耳大帝desire for powerThe Jew of Malta马耳他的犹太人desire for moneyblank verse(无韵体：不押韵的五步抑扬格) 是十六世纪英国戏剧的主要表现形式。
莎士比亚作品赏析
莎士比亚生平创作年表1564年4月23日威廉·莎士比亚生于艾汶河畔的斯特拉福镇Stratford-upon-Avon， Henley Street.一个富裕的市民家中，于此度过童年和少年时代。
七岁起在文法学校读书，十四岁辍学。
1582年10月28日十八岁和安尼·哈瑟维Anne Hathaway结婚。
1583年5月26日女儿珊娜Susanna受洗。
1585年2月2日儿子哈姆涅特Hamnet和女儿裘迪斯Judith受洗。
1586年离开家乡，奔赴伦敦1590年"亨利六世"中篇、下篇 Henry VI1591年"亨利六世"上篇1590年—1592年"亨利六世"公演。
1592年"错误的喜剧"The Comedy of Errors"理查三世" The Tragedy of King Richard III1592—1598年十四行诗 Sonnets1593年"泰特斯·安德洛尼克斯"Titus Andronicus"驯悍记"The Taming of The Shrew长诗"维纳斯与安东尼斯"Venus and Andonis刊印1594年长诗"鲁克丽丝受辱记"The Rape of Lucrece刊印。
"泰特斯·安德洛尼克斯"公演"维洛那二绅士"The Two Gentlemen of Verona"爱的徒劳"Love’s Labour’s Lost"罗密欧与朱丽叶"Romeo and Juliet参加"宫大臣供奉〞剧团，后创立"环球剧场〞 Globe Theater1595年"理查二世"King Richard II"仲夏夜之梦"A Midsummer Night’s Dream1596年"约翰王"King John、"威尼斯商人"The Merchant of Venice儿子哈姆涅特夭亡1597年"亨利四世"上篇、下篇 Henry IV1598年"无事生非"Much ado About Nothing、"亨利五世"King Henry V"温莎的风流娘儿们"The Merry Wives of Windsor1599年"裘力斯·凯撒"Julius Caesar、"皆大欢喜"As You Like It修建"环球〞剧院1600年"第十二夜" Twelfth Night1601年"哈姆雷特" Hamlet1602年"特洛伊勒斯和克瑞西达"Troilus and Cressida"终成眷属"All’s Well That Ends Well1603年女王伊利莎白Queen Elizabeth I 去世，詹姆斯一世登基。
专八人文知识英国文学作家作品整理详细版
Alexander Pope蒲柏
1688-1744
Heroic couplet 英雄双韵体
Pastorals田园诗集;
An Essay on Criticism批评论;
An Essay on Man人论;
The Duncial愚人志;
Moral Essays道德论;
Windsor Forest温莎林;
The Two Dogs两只狗;
Holy Willie’s Prayer威利长老的祈祷;
My Heart’s in the Highlands我的心呀在高原;
A Red,Red Rose一朵红红的玫瑰;
John Anderson约翰·安德生,
My Jo;A Man’s A Man for A’That不管身在何处都须保持尊严;
Moll Flanders莫尔弗兰德斯;
A Journal of the Plague Year大疫年日记
Jonathan Swift斯威夫特
1667-1745
The Battle of Books书的战争;
A Tale of A Tub一个木桶的故事;
The Drapier’s Letters布商的书信;
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner老船夫;
Kubla Khan忽必烈汗;
Ode on Intimations of Immorality不朽颂;
Ode to Duty义务颂;
The Excursion远足; The Prelude序曲
Samuel Taylor Coleridge
柯勒律治1772-1834
Lyrical Ballads;The Fall of the Bastille巴士底狱的毁灭;
英国文学史刘炳善版重点整理
Part 1. Early and Medieval English Literature Epic Beowulf 贝奥武甫(the national epic of the English people)striking feature: alliteration头韵, metaphors暗喻 and understatements低调陈述. BalladFolk literatureThe Robin Hood Ballads罗宾汉民谣Geoffrey Chaucer 杰弗里·乔叟1340-1400The Messenger of Humanism, the first Realistic writer, the founder of English poetry and master ofEnglish Language 他是最早有人文主义思想的作家，现实主义文学的奠基人长诗：翻译法语The Romaunt of the Rose玫瑰传奇; 改编意大利Troilus and Criseyde特罗勒斯与克丽西德小说：The Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集(英国文学史上现实主义第一部杰作)one of the monumental works in ELTCT is more than a mere collection of true-to-life pictures. Taking the stands of rising bourgeoisie, Chaucer affirms men and women’s right to pursue their happiness on earth and opposes the dogma of asceticism preached by the church.As a forerunner of humanism, he praises man’s energy, intellect, quick of wit and love of life. His tales expose and satirize the evils of the time, as the degeneration of the noble, the heartlessness of the judge and so on. With especially formidable force Chaucer attacks the corruption of the church.Chaucer’s English, now called Middle English, is vivid and exact. He is a master of word-pictures.Chaucer’s contribution to English poetry: 1.introduced from France the rhymed couplet of 5 accents in iambic meter (the heroic couplet). 2.is the first great poet who wrote in the English language. 3.he make the dialect of London the standard for the modern English speech.Part 2. The English RenaissanceThomas More托马斯·莫尔The greatest of the English humanists and the one of the forerunner of modernsocialist thought Utopia乌托帮 Greek words “no place” ideal commonwealth conversation between More and voyager Hythloday Book one: contemporary England labouring class poor, the rich greed and luxury, ruler eager for warBook two: ideal commonwealth in some unknown ocean property in held in common, there is no povertyFrom everyone according to his capacities, to everyone according to his need; separation of town and country; the importance of labour for every member.Edmond Spenser 埃德蒙·斯宾塞The Poet’s Poet The Faerie Queene 仙后 dedicated to Queen ElizabethThe Shepherd’s Calendar牧羊人日记mark the budding of the Renaissance flower in the northern island of England Morden English. Spencer was the first master to make the language the natural music of his poetic effusions.Francis Bacon培根1561-1626The founder of English materialist philosophy Founder of modern science in England: Advancement of Learning学术的进展; New Instrument新工具 Inductive Method of reasoningFirst English essayist: Essay subjects: love, truth, friendship, parents &children, beauty, studies, riches, youth &age, garden, death…Precision准确, clearness清晰, brevity简洁, force力度ChristopherMarlowe克里斯托夫·马洛The most gifted of the “university wits”The greatest of the pioneers of Englishdrama Tamburlaine帖木耳(ambition); The Jew of Malta马耳他的犹太人(wealth);Doctor Faustus浮士德博士(knowledge) humanist colour insatiable thirst for knowledge剧作意义：1.show the spirit of the rising bourgeoisie, its eager curiosity for knowledge, its towering pride, its insatiable appetite for power. 2.theme:praise individuality freed from the restraints of medieval dogmas and law, and the convictions of the boundless possibility of human efforts in conquering the universe. 3.the heroes are merely individualists. their individualistic ambition often brings ruin to the world and sometimes to themselves.He reformed the English drama and perfected the language and verse of dramatic works. He first made blank verse the principle instrument of English drama. His work paved the way for the plays of ShakespeareWilliamShakespeare莎士比亚1564-16161.he is one of the founders of realism in world literature.2.his dramatic creation often used the method of adaptation.3.his long experience with the stage and his intimate knowledge of dramatic art thus acquired make him a master hand for playwriting.4.he was skilled in many poetic forms: the song, the sonnet, the couplet, and the dramatic blank verse.5.he was a great master of the EL. Shakespeare and the Authorized Version of the English Bible are the two great treasuries of the EL.The popularity of S is aworldwidephenomenon The Comedy of Errors错误的喜剧; Hamlet哈姆雷特/王子复仇记;The Taming of the Shrew驯悍记 Measure for Measure一报还一报/请君入瓮Love’s Labour’s Lost爱的徒劳; Othello奥塞罗;Romeo and Juliet罗密欧与朱丽叶tragi-comedy King Lear李尔王;Macbeth麦克白;A Midsummer Night’s Dream仲夏夜之梦; Antony and Cleopatra安东尼与克利欧佩特拉;The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人 Timon of Athens雅典的泰门;Much Ado about Nothing无事生非;The Mercy Wives of Windsor温莎的风流娘们儿; Pericles佩里克尔斯Julius Caesar朱利亚斯·凯撒； Cymbeline辛白林;As You Like It皆大欢喜; The Winter’s Tale冬天的故事;Twelfth Night第十二夜; The Tempest暴风雨;The Sonnets十四行诗⑴His drama relies not so much on characters as on witty speech and situation. His plays are poetical dramas. A great number of important dialogues and soliloquies in his plays assume the form of poetry.⑵This period is S’s sweet and joyful time, in which he succeeds in portraying a magnificent panorama of the manifold pursuit of people in real life. There is a great lift in characterization. Heroines⑶The third period is mainly the period of “great tragedies” and “dark comedies”(give somber pictures of the world) . The tragic note is aggravated.⑷The fourth period is the period of romantic drama. HenryⅧ Global TheatreThe Great Comedies: A Midsummer Night’s Dream仲夏夜之梦;The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人;As You Like It皆大喜欢;Twelfth Night第十二夜The general spirit is optimism. Young people just freed from feudal fetters/youth love and ideal of happiness/humanist ideal/fight against destiny/mould their own fate.The Great Tragedies:Hamlet哈姆雷特a man genius, highly accomplished and educated, a man of far-reaching perception and sparking wit. 1.humanist/free from medieval prejudices and superstitions/cherish a profound reverence for man/firm belief in man’s power and destiny. 2.love of man. 3.intellectual genius is outstanding/a close observer of man and manners. Melancholy: character/penetrating habit of mind/impossible ideal/personal wrong& fate of the country/active energy Othello奥塞罗new man of the R/integrity, sincerity,loftiness of mind/falsehood truth/evil good/tragedy of humanismKing Lear李王尔national unity and royal responsibility,divide up/insincere flattery/genuine love/betray trust/condemnMacbeth麦克白complicated contradictory/courageous clever/pray of ambition/tyrants oppressors/doom to defeat Part 3. The English Bourgeois Revolution PeriodJohn Milton约翰·弥尔顿1608-1674Paradise Lost失乐园(greatest epic in English Literature); Paradise Regained复乐园; Samson Agonistes力士参孙表面:to justify the way God to man/to advocate submission to the Almighty 实际:a revolt against God’s authority Adam& Eve: Milton’s belief in the power of man/craving for knowledgeSatan: real hero of the poem/a conquered and banished giant/obeyed and admired by those who follow him down to hellPolitical in life and art; wrote greatest epic/influence is omnipresent; master of blank verse; stylist/grand style; sublimity of thought and majesty of expressionJohn Bunyan班扬1628-1688The Pilgrim’s Progress天路历程(religious allegory)1678出狱后 Vanity Fair名利场Bunyan cherish deep hatred of both the king and his government. He saw and detested the injustice of laws, trials and judges. His prose is admirable. It is popular speech ennobled by the solemn dignity and simplicity of the language of Bible.John Donne Songs and Sonnets Devotions upon emergent Occasions约翰·多恩(The founder of the Metaphysical school of poetry)John Dryden约翰·德莱顿Father of E criticism All for Love一切为了爱 An Essay of Dramatic Poesy论戏剧诗（most famous prose composition）Restoration period/Model on literature of France/classicism prevailing/reason, law and orderHe was the forerunner of the English classic school of literature in the next century. Heroic couplet/ principle verse formPart 4. The Eighteenth CenturyJoseph Addison 约瑟夫·艾迪生The Tatler 闲话者报 The Spectator 旁观者报贡献: 1.Their writing afford a new code of social morality for the rising bourgeoisie.2.They give a true picture of the social life of England in the 18th century.3.The English easy had completely established itself as a literary genre.Richard Steele 理查德·斯梯尔Alexander Pope蒲柏Satire!! An Essay on Criticism论批评; The Rape of the Lock卷发遇劫记; The Dunciad 愚人记Pope was an outstanding enlightener and the greatest poet of the classical school in the first half the 18th century. Pope was a diligent reader. His style depends upon his great patience in elaborating his art. Most important representativeJonathan Swift 斯威夫特1667-1745Gulliver’s Travels格列佛游记 gives an unparalleled satirical depiction of the vices of his age.He hated all kinds of oppression-political, economical and religious. But he cherished a great love for the people. Swift is one of the greatest masters of English prose. His language is simple, clear and vigorous./ he seems to have no difficulty in finding words to express exactly the impression he wish to convey. In simple, direct and precise prose, he is almost unsurpassed in EL./ he is a master satirist, and his irony is deadly.Danniel Defoe 丹尼尔·迪福1660-1731Robinson Crusoe鲁宾孙飘流记 one of the forerunners of the English realistic novelsAttach great importance to the moulding of character and to education through the influence of varied environment/ is representative of the English bourgeoisie at the earlier stage of development/ does not condemn Negro-slavery Defoe was a kind of jack-of-trades. Journalism &authorship/ pure naked English: smooth, easy, colloquial, never coarse.Samuel Richardson理查逊Pamela帕米拉（Virtue Rewarded贞洁回报） first English psycho-analytical novel心理分析小说1.it discarded the “impossible and marvellous” accomplishment of the former heroic romances, and pictured the life and love of ordinary people.2.its intention was to afford not merely entertainment but also moral instruction道德说教.3.it described not only the sayings and doings of the characters but also their secret thoughts and feelings. Richardson “had enlarged the knowledge of human nature”/ his technique to show character as personalitiesHenry Fielding亨利·菲尔丁1707-1754Founder of the English realistic novelFather of the English novel(established once for all the forms of the modern novel)Joseph Andrew约瑟·安德鲁 disgusted with the excessive sentimentality and poor ethics of PamelaJonathan Wild大伟人江奈生·魏尔德传 satirical novel/exposes the English bourgeois society and mock political syst The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling汤姆·琼斯portrays the real life of men without disguise/ expose the hypocrisy and depravity of the ruling class, and pictures the poverty of the working masses who are driven by want to crime.现实主义小说：The basis of Fielding’s work is the exact observation and study of real life. The centre of Fielding’s work philosophy is MAN, common earthly man with his earthly interests, needs and passions.小说的特点：1.展开方式told directly by the author/full, free, clear and straightforward, give personal explanation 2.Satire无处不在，两种：humorous satire which is mean to be instructive and corrective/grim satire which is used to lash the cardinal evils of the corrupt ruling classes. 3.he believed in the educational function of the novel(moral teaching). 4.he is a master of style/easy unlaboured and familiar/sentence logical and musical rhythm.Tobias Smollett 斯摩莱特Use the form of Picaresque novels流浪汉小说, the novel of travels and adventures 被Dickens效仿—Pickwick Papers匹克威克外传Richard Brinsley Sheridan理查德·谢立丹The School for Scandal造谣学校a great comedy of manners/gives a brilliant portrayal and biting satire of E high societyThe Rivals对手He was the most important English playwright of the 18th century.William Blake Songs of Innocence天真之歌; Songs of Experience经验之歌; The Marriage of Heaven and Hell天堂与地狱的婚布莱克1757-1827姻1.the whole temper of his genius was essentially opposed to the classical(=formalism) tradition of that age.2.his revolutionary passion came near to that of Shelley.Blake is called a Pre-Romantic or a forerunner of the Romantic poetry of the 19th century.Robert Burns彭斯1759-1796 National poet of Scotland Poems Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect苏格兰方言诗集名诗:A Red, Red Rose一朵红红的玫瑰;Auld Lang Syne他的诗歌：1.Burns is remembered mainly for his songs written in the Scottish dialect on a various of subjects.2.Numerous are Burn’s songs of love and friendship, which describes the poet’s own emotions with such vividness and simplicity that they appeal directly to the reader’s heart.3.patriotism4.was an outspoken supporter of the French Revolution5.sympathy for the miseries of the Negro slaves transported from their African motherland to America.6.achieved success in the field of satire.7.characterized by humour and lightheartedness/optimismHis great success was also largely due to his comprehensive knowledge and excellent mastery of the old song tradition. His peasant origin and environment especially aided him in mastering the happy simplicity, humour, directness and optimism.Part 5. Romanticism in EnglandWilliam Wordsworth 威廉·华兹华斯1770-1850Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集（与柯勒律治合编）marked the break with classicism and the beginning of Romantic revival The Solitary Reaper孤独的刈麦女; Above Tintern Abbey丁登寺旁(lyrical hymn of thanks to nature)He based his poetical principle on the premise that “all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings”/ individual sensations, for example, pleasure, excitement and enjoyment as the foundation in the creation and appreciation of poetry. Wordsworth’s poetry id distinguished by the simplicity and purity of his language. It was his theory that the language spoken by the peasant was the best of all.George GordonByron乔治·戈登·拜伦1788-1824拜伦的诗在清末传入中国Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage恰尔德·哈罗德游记;Don Juan唐·璜(16000lines long, in 16 cantos, written in ottava rima, each stanza containing 8 iambic pentameter lines rhymed a bababcc)It is Byron’s masterpiece, written in the prime of his creative power. His aim in writing it was “to remove the cloak which the manners and the maxims of high society throw over their secret sins, and show them to the world as they really are”（揭去上流社会以冠冕堂皇的方式掩盖下的罪恶面纱，.让人们看到真实世界）He call this poem an “epic satire”,“a satire on abuse of the present state of society.(历史讽刺诗/对现今社会恶习弊端的绝佳讽刺)Percy Bysshe Shelley 波西·比希·雪莱1792-1822Queen Mab麦布女王a revolutionary poem condemning tyranny and exploitation and the unjust war waged by the rich to plunder wealthThe Revolt of Islam伊斯兰的起义; The Masque of Anarchy女王的假面舞会; Ode to the West Wind西风/云雀颂Prometheus Unbound解放了的普罗米修斯symbolized the victory for man’s struggle against tyranny and oppressions.The figure of Prometheus has been symbolic of those noble-hearted revolutionaries, who devote themselves to the just cause of the people and suffer great pains at the hands of tyrants.小的时候：displayed a inclination for independent thinking and a strong love of literature/glorified freedom, exposed tyranny and expressed his sympathy for the oppressed.Byron called Shelley “the best and least selfish man I ever knew.’ Mrs. Shelley wrote: “Shelley loved the people; and respected them as often more virtuous, as always more suffering, and therefore more deserving of sympathy.”John Keats 约翰·济兹1795-1821Endymion恩底弥翁;Isabella伊莎贝拉;The Eve of Sanit Agnes圣爱尼节前夜; Hyperion赫披里昂（未完成）Ode on a Grecian Urn希腊古瓮颂; Ode to a Nightingale夜莺颂; Ode To Autumn秋颂; Ode on Melancholy忧郁颂Of the numerous short poems by Keats, the most important are his sonnets and odes.It is said that all Keats’s personality seems to be breathed onto his odes,Poor, obscure and brutally attacked during his short lifetime, Keats became well-known after death.Part 6. English Critical RealismThe Pickwick Papers匹克威克外传(the supreme epic of English life/naïve youthful optimism);Oliver Twist雾都孤儿( improbability/unconvincingness/sympathize miseries/not know responsible);The Old Curiosity Shop老古玩店Dombey and Son董贝父子(open & ruthless attack/money power); David Copperfield大卫·科波菲尔(favorite);Charles Dickens狄更斯1812-1870Bleak House荒凉山庄; Hard Times艰难时世(frontal attack upon the whole moral and ethical system); Little Dorrit小杜丽(imprisonment); A Tale of Two Cities双城记(French Revolution/ where there is oppression, there is revolution/against privileged classes); Great Expectation远大前程; Our Mutual Friend我们共同的朋友Politically and ideologically, he was a Radical. He showed great concern about social problems, supported all proposals for social reform, advocated an increase of democracy in all spheres of life, and championed the cause of the oppressed. His love for the working people is deep and sincere. As a novelist, he is remembered first of all for character-portrayal.Upper class—“outcasts of humanity”; lower class—his enthusiastic readersWilliam Makepeace Thackeray萨克雷1811-1863Vanity Fair名利场(a classical example of social satire up to the present day) Bunyan—Pilgrim’s ProgressIn this novel Thackeray describes the life of the ruling classes of England in the early decades of the 19th century, and attacks the social relationship of the bourgeois world by satirizing the individuals in the different strata of the upper society.Rebecca/Becky Sharp: money-grubbing instinct/gifted/keen sense of humour and deep understanding of human Amelia Sedley: a tame, sentimental but useless womanJane Austin 简·奥斯丁1775-1817Pride and Prejudice傲慢与偏见; Sense and Sensibility理智与情感; Emma爱玛; Mansfield Park曼斯菲尔德公园;Persuasion劝诫; Northanger Abbey诺桑觉寺She is at her best in writing about young girls, because she understood them astonishingly well.Bronte Sisters夏洛蒂/爱米丽/安妮·勃朗特1816-1855Charlotte Bronte: Jane Eyre简爱 criticism of the bourgeois system of education (Lowood—obedient slaves for the rich) In her novels,Charlotte attacked the greed,pretty tyranny and lack of culture among the bourgeoisie and sympathized with the sufferings of the poor people.Emily Bronte: Wuthering Height呼啸山庄 hierarchy等级制度Heathcliff is a rebel against the bourgeois matrimonial system/love crushed by the class prejudice/the oppressed becomes the oppressor/theme: a full human life in a capitalist society was impossible of attainment.Anne Bronte: Agnes Grey艾格尼斯·格雷Gaskell盖斯凯尔Mary Barton玛丽·巴顿George Eliot艾略特(Mary Ann Evans)Adam Bede亚当·贝德; The Mill on the Floss弗洛斯河上的磨坊; Silas Marner织工马南Part 7. Prose-writers & Poets of the Mid & Late 19th centuryThomas Carlyle 卡莱尔1795-1881Sartor Resartus旧衣新裁; The French Revolution法国大革命;Heroes and Hero-worship论英雄与英雄崇拜(the history of the world is the biography of great men)Alfred Tennyson丁尼生1809-1892The Princess公主; Maud默德; 名诗：Ulysses尤利西斯; Break, Break, Break; Crossing the Bar过沙洲In Memoriam 悼念集 in memory of A.H.Hallam, his close friend and the fiancé of his sisterThe poet tried to find some consolation for himself and for the pious Victorians who were thrown into a crisis in faith by the new discovery in scienceIdylls of the King国王之歌 based on the stories of King Arthur and his Knights of Round Table “灵与肉的永恒冲突”Robert Browning 罗伯特·布朗宁1812-1889Men and Women男人和女人; The Ring and the Book指环与书;My Last Duchess我的前公爵夫人His principle achievement ies in his introducing to English poetry a new form, the dramatic monologue戏剧独白. /though for most part Lyric in expression, Dramatic in principle, and so many utterance of so many imaginary persons, not mine./a dramatic story in his work is not told through action but by the monologue of the characters concerned.Elizabeth Browning Sonnets from the Portuguese葡萄牙十四行诗;The Cry of the Children孩子们的哭泣George Gissing 吉辛1857-1903New Crub Srreet新格鲁勃街The most significant figure in the period of transition from Victorian to the modern novel.Robert LouisStevensonTreasure Island金银岛史蒂文森1850-1894Oscar Wilde王尔德1856-1900 Spokesman of the aesthetic movement 长篇小说：The Picture of Dorian Gray道林·格雷的画像童话：The Happy Prince and Other Tales快乐王子剧作：Lady Windermere’s Fan温德米尔夫人的扇子;A Woman of No Importance一个无足轻重的女人;An Ideal Husband理想丈夫;The Importance of Being Earnest埃耐斯特的重要性; 悲剧:Salome莎乐美Both of them are typical unwholesome products of the decadent literary trend.颓废文学倾向的不健康产物Part 8. 20th century English literatureSamuel Butler 勃特勒1835-1902The Way of All Flesh众生之路; Erewhon埃瑞洪; Erewhon Revisited重游埃瑞洪 Erewhon=nowhere Satirize the sham morality of the British BourgeoisieJoseph Conrad康拉德1859-1924Lord Jim吉姆老爷;Nostromo诺斯特罗莫; An Outpost of Progress文明的前哨后殖民主义Henry James 亨利·詹姆士Daisy Miller黛西米勒(international theme); The Wings of the Dove鸽翼; The ambassadors使节; The Golden Bowl金碗Forerunner of the “stream of the consciousness” literatureHis fundamental theme is the innocence of the New World and the corruption(and wisdom) of the Old.Thomas Hardy哈代1840-1928 Representative of E critical realistic at the turn of the 19thcentury Under the Greenwood Tree绿荫下;Far from the Madding Crowd远离尘嚣;The Return of the Native还乡;The Mayor of Casterbridge卡斯特桥;Tess of the D’Urbervilles德伯家的苔丝:filled with a feeling of dismal foreboding and doom/ Fatal circumstance and tragic coincidenceJude the Obscure无名的裘德:the theme is “a deadly war waged between flesh and spirit” and “the contrast between the ideal life a man wish to lead and the squalid real life he was fated to lead”/epitomizes Hardy’s longing for spiritual values and his despair of them Wessex Novel—the novels describing the characters and environment of his native countryside.环境与性格小说George BernardShaw萧伯纳1856-1950Widoer’s Houses鳏夫的房产; Mrs. Warren’s Profession华伦夫人的职业; Major Barbara巴巴拉少校; Pygmalion 卖花女; Arms and Man武器与人（condemns militarism and wars）He laid bare the gross injustice and utter inhumanity of the bourgeoisie society/by the brilliant dialogue between the characters/pretty bourgeois and idealistic nature of Shaw’s philosophy/his exposure of the capitalist society is very significant/among the most mportant representative of critical realism in modern English literatureWilliam Butler Yeats叶芝1865-1939The Tower塔; The Winding Stair盘旋的楼梯; The Wild Swans at Coole库勒的野天鹅Symbolist poetThomas Stearns Eliot艾略特1888-1965The Waste Land荒原 a landmark in E poetry, ending the Romantic period and signifying the emergence of Modernism.Expressed the disillusionment of a generation of intellectuals. Symbols taken from ancient myths are used in the poem to describe the decay and fragmentation of Western culture.Four Quarters四重奏 the main ideas are time and eternityTradition and the Individual Talent传统与才智David Herbert Lawrence劳伦斯1885-1930Sons and Lovers儿子与情人(Oedipus Complex); The Rainbow虹(rainbow is a symbol of “the rounded perfection of relationship” between men and women); Women in Love恋爱中的女人(expresses his ideal of love and marriage as “a pure balance of two single beings); Lady Chatterley’s Lover查泰莱夫人的情人D. H. Lawrence is well-known for his novels written under the influence of Freud’s theory of psychological analysis. He an original novelist, whose artistic achievement has been affirmed by many critics. He was dissatisfied with the Western industrial civilization.James Joyce 乔伊斯1882-1941A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man青年艺术家的画像; Ulysses尤利西斯; Finnegans Wake芬尼根的守灵He was one of the most original novelists of the 20th century, whose work shows a unique synthesis of realism, the “stream of consciousness” and symbolism.三位一体Virginia Woolf The V oyage Out远航; Mrs. Dalloway达罗卫夫人; To the Lighthouse到灯塔去; Orlando奥兰多;The Waves海浪;伍尔芙1882-1941The point of departure in Virginia Woolf’s literary experimentation lay in her rejection of realism. In her novels, the element of plot and story is reduced as far as she could. They become series of impressions, musings, and reflections.。
英国文学整理
古英语Anglo-Saxon PoetryRepresentative:The Story of Beowulf (national epic)Features:①alliteration头韵，②metaphors,③understatements中世纪英语1. The RomanceMatters流派: matters of Britain亚瑟王和圆桌骑士matters of Francematters of Rome起源：Celtic legends高潮: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight结束: Le Morte D’Arthur 亚瑟王之死(Thomas Malory)2. LanglandPiers the Plowman 农夫皮埃尔斯Features:①alliteration②written in the form of a dream vision通过梦揭露社会现象③an allegory using symbolism to relate truth运用象征手法的寓言故事3. The BalladsThe Geste of Robin Hood多重性格: ①勇敢聪明②慈善③敌对上层社会④宗教信仰虔诚⑤尊敬国王4. Chaucer1).the founder/father of English poetry.2).studied the poems of Dante, Petrarch, Boccaccio.文艺复兴先驱，但没传播3).French/first period:The Romaunt of the Rose玫瑰传奇(translated fromFrench)Italian/second:Troilus mand Criseyde特洛伊拉斯和克莱西德English/third:The Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集（英语写作）4). The Canterbury Tales①Chaucer’s masterpiece, one of the monumental works in EnglishLiterature 巨作，英国文学里程碑作品之一②两方面把故事联系起来：the personality of the host & intimate connection between the tales and the Prologue.③The Wife of Bath④His Language:a).full of humor and satireb).vivid and exact.c).the “heroic couplet”第一个用英雄双行体d).he is the first great poet who wrote in the English language.文艺复兴时期(16th c)1.More1).prose writer2).UtopiaMore’s masterpiece, 对话形式，分两册，第一册说英国社会状况，第二册说Utopia3).评价：a far-sighted thinker有远见；one of the forerunners of modern socialist thought.社会主义思想先驱2.Edmund Spenser1).poetry writer2).The Shepherd’s Calendar3).The Faerie Queene①Spenser’s greatest work②dedicated to Queen Elizabeth献给伊莉莎白女王③主导思想：nationalism民族主义,humanism人文主义,puritanism清教主义④Spenserian Stanza斯宾塞诗节4).评价：the poet’s poet of the period.3.Francis Bacon1).essayist2).the founder of English materialist philosophy英国唯物主义思想奠基者the founder of modern science in England英国现代科学奠基者the first English essayist3).哲学作品：Advancement of Learning; New Instrument4.Drama1).the Miracle Play神秘剧the Morality Play道德剧the Interlude幕间剧the Classical Drama古典剧2).the London Theatre/Globe theatre3).university wits大学6才子Marlowe①Tamburlaine铁木耳The Jew of Malta马耳他岛的犹太人Doctor Faustus浮士德博士的悲剧（Marlowe’s masterpiece）②评价：a.the most gifted of the university wits大学6才子中最有才的b.the greatest of the pioneers of English drama英戏剧最伟大的先驱c.His work paved the way for Shakespeare为莎士比亚扫清道路5.Shakespeare(1564-1616)1). The 1st period(学徒阶段)Historical play: HenryⅥ,Parts 1,2,3亨利六世上，中，下RichardⅢ理查德三世Comedy：The Comedy of Errors错中错The Taming of the Shrew驯悍妇The Two Gentlemen of Verona委洛那二绅士Love’s Labour’s Lost空爱一场Tragedy:Titus Andronicus泰特斯•安庄尼克斯Romeo and Juliet罗密欧与朱丽叶The 2nd period(成熟阶段)Comedy: A Midsummer Night’s Dream仲夏夜之梦The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人As You Like It 皆大欢喜Twelfth Night 第12夜The Merry Wives of Windsor温莎的风流女人Much Ado about Nothing无事生非Historical plays: RichardⅡ理查德二世HenryⅣParts1,2 亨利四世上，下HenryⅤ亨利五世King John约翰王Tragedy: Julius Caesar凯撒The 3rd period(巅峰时期)Tragedy:HamletOthelloKing LearMacbeth*Timon of Athens雅典的泰蒙Comedy:Troilus and Cressida特洛爱丽丝和克莱西达All’s Well That Ends Well终成眷属Measure for Measure恶有恶报Roman tragedy:Antony and Cleopatra安东尼和克里奥佩特拉Coriolanus克里奥兰纳斯The 4th period(暴风雨之后的宁静)Romances/reconciliation play:Pericles佩利克里斯Cymbeline辛柏林The Winter’s Tale冬天的故事Tempest暴风雨Historcal play:HenryⅧ亨利八世2).Hamlet①a book-worm书呆子a).humanist, free from medieval prejudices and superstitions.人文主义者，不受偏见和迷信影响b).he turns to those around him with the same eagerness对周边人很热心c).his intellectual genius is outstanding. He is a close observer of men and manners.对人洞察秋毫②m elancholy忧郁a).melancholy is the keynote of Hamlet性格最重要特点是忧郁b).He is beyond himself with the joy of dicoveryc).In spite of the melancholy and delay in action, he still retains his active energy.③Hamlet is a hero of the Renaissance.3).PoemsVenus and adonisThe rape of lucreceSonnets十四行诗4).Features of Shakespeare’s Drama①One of the founders of realism in world literature现实主义奠基者之一②His dramatic creation often used the method of adoption③A master hand for playwriting④Skilled in many poetic forms⑤Great master of the English language词汇量大6.Ben Jonson1).Every Man in His Humour 人人高兴Volpone 狐狸The Alchemist炼金术师Bartholomew Fair 巴托罗缪市集2).评价：literary king晚年成为当时的文学王A forerunner of classicism in English literature英文学古典主义先驱资产阶级革命时期(17th c)ton1).On the Morning of Christ’s Nativity基督诞生晨颂L’Allegro快乐的人ⅡPenseroso幽思的人Comus科玛斯（假面剧）Lycidas利西达斯Of Reformation in England论英国改革Pamphlets on MarriageAreopagitica论出版自由Defence of the English People为英国人民声辩Second Defence of the English People再为英国人民声辩Paradise Lost失乐园Paradise Regained复乐园Samson Agonistes力士参孙2).评价：①Milton was political in both his life and his art.②Milton wrote the greatest epic in English literature.③Milton is a master of the blank verse.④Milton is a great stylist.文体家⑤Milton has always been admired for his sublimity of thoughtand majesty of expression.思想崇高&表达方式华丽2.BunyanThe Pilgrim’s Progress天路历程an allegory3.Metaphysicals形而上学，玄学John Donne①The founder of the Metaphysical school of poetry.玄学创始人②Representative: Holy Sonnets4.John Dryden1).The most distinguished literary figure of the Restoration Period.2).The forerunner of the English classical school of literature in the next century.英古典主义先驱启蒙运动时期(18th c)1.Classicism2.Addison and Steele1).The Tatler闲谈者（a paper,3 times a week）In order to carry on his social criticism more effectively:①Steele wrote under the pseudonym of “Isaac Bickerstaff”.用笔名②Steele used frequently the correspondence.来信选登2).The Spectator旁观者(a daily paper)3).different stylesSteele: intimate, easy-going, carelessAddison: careful, a great stylist.His essays were the model of English composition by Britishauthors all through the 18th c.4).评价They ushered in the dawn of modern English novel迎来英小说曙光3.Pope1). Pastorals田园组诗Essay on Criticism论批评The Rape of the Lock夺发记The Iliad of Homer荷马的伊利亚特The Odyssey of Homer荷马的奥德赛The Works of Shakespeare莎士比亚集The Dunciad愚人志Essay on Man人论2).评价①an outstanding enlighterner②a master in the art of poetry③perfect in the form of heroic couplets④the most representative of the English classical poetry⑤at his best in satire and epigram擅长讽刺4.Swift1).A Tale of a Tub一个木桶的故事The Battle of the Books书的战争Bickerstaff Almanac比克斯达夫的历书Gulliver’s Travels格列佛游记The Draper’s Letters一个麻布商的书信A Modest Proposal一个小小的建议2).评价：①One of the greatest masters of English prose.②语言特色：simple,clear,vigorous,direct,precise③a master satirist, his irony is deadly讽刺大师5.Defoe1).Robinson Crusoe鲁宾孙漂流记Captain SingletonMoll Flanders 摩尔·弗兰德斯Colonel Jacque 雅克上校2).Robinson Crusoe①The writers of the Enlightenment attached great importance to the moulding of character注重人物性格塑造②Defoe glorified human labour.赞美人类劳动③The character of Robinson Crusoe is representative of the English bourgeoisie at the earlier stages of its development.书中人物是英早期资产阶级人物代表6.RichardsonPamela 帕梅拉7.Fielding1).Joseph Andrews约瑟夫•安德鲁斯的经历Jonathan Wild大人物Tom Jones汤姆琼斯Amelia阿米莉亚2).评价①Point of view:letters ; principal character ; author②Satire in Fielding’s Novels③Fielding believed in the educational function of the novel④A master of style: easy,unlaboured and familiar, but extremely vivid and vigorous 文体：不费力，随便，但生动有力⑤He established once for all the form of the modern novel.8.Johnson - Lexicographer字典编写家9.Sentimentalism3个代表：Thomas Gray；William Cowper；George Crabbe10.Pre-Romanticism前浪漫主义BlakeSongs of Innocence天真之歌Songs of Experience经验之歌The Marriage of Heaven and Hell天堂与地狱的婚姻●Burns作品特征：Scottish dialect苏格兰方言主题特征：①love & friendship②Patriotism③Supporter of the French Revolution④Sympathy for the miseries of the poor people⑤Humor and lightheartedness自由自在浪漫主义时期（1798-1832）1.escapist romanticists消极浪漫主义Passive romanticists. Lake poets湖畔诗人。
冬天的故事精选5篇
冬天的故事精选5篇在寒冷的冬天读一些温暖的小故事，会让我们的心变的暖暖的，即使在狂风暴雪的冬天，也感受不到丝毫的寒冷。
下面小编给大家介绍关于冬天的故事，方便大家学习。
冬天的故事1《冬天的故事》是侯麦1992年的作品，是“人间四季”系列中的第二部，在《春天的故事》之后上映。
“人间四季”系列电影包含着侯麦对于四季的理解，每一部都精准地触摸到了四季的痕迹，带给观众圆满的四季想象。
看完侯麦的“人间四季”，就像是走过人生的四季——如获新生的春日，浪漫大胆的夏日，葡萄丰收的秋日，暗藏希望的冬日。
抉择的重量可以说，“人间四季”的每一位主人公，都在不约而同地经历着抉择时刻。
春天，珍妮要在相信娜塔莎和相信伊芙之间做出选择;夏天，贾斯伯要在三个女孩之间做出选择;秋天，马嘉利要在两个陌生男人之间做出选择。
而最后，这种令主人公煎熬的抉择似乎无疾而终，被一个冬天的“奇迹”圆满化解。
是的，在“人间四季”中，当属《冬天的故事》的结局最为离奇。
《冬天的故事》建立在夏季的浪漫之上。
影片开头，菲莉茜和查理戏水的场景如梦似幻。
白日里，他们像孩子一样，让阳光尽情亲吻无瑕的肉体;晚上则游荡在情欲的海洋，将那禁果采撷。
他们拥有的是无尽的甜蜜，就连海浪也忍不住和他们逗趣玩闹。
但越美的东西似乎就越是易碎，随着画面上浮现出“五年后”，影片也从夏日里的浪漫切换到冬日里的孤寂。
泛着光泽的青春肉体已然不见，只剩厚重的外衣和烦闷的生活。
菲莉茜在街头独自徘徊菲莉茜独自徘徊在冬日街头，徘徊在马桑和路易之间。
一个体贴成熟，一个有才华见地，但却没人能够让她燃起夏日那样浓烈的爱意。
她在两个男人之间做出的选择，也绝不是因为她爱他们，而是因为她对查理的爱。
也许对她来说，抉择根本不存在。
无论如何，她的内心始终为查理保留着最重要的位置。
《冬天的故事》与《夏天的故事》似乎在某种意义上形成互文，一男三女变成一女三男。
如果说夏天里的自由氛围已经在《夏》里得到充分展现，那么《冬》则自有其厚重所在。
willia shakespeare英文介绍
1564-1616
Born:
William Shakespeare was the son of John Shakespeare who was a well-to-do trader in wool and leathern articles,and Mary Arden, the daughter of an affluent landowning farmer.
Well-known Saying
• The course of true love never did run smooth. 真爱无坦 途。 ——《仲夏夜之梦》
• Love is blind and lovers cannot see the pretty follies that themselves commit. 爱情是盲目的，恋人们看不到自己做的 傻事。——《威尼斯商人》
Birthplace: Warwickshire
When he was 14,his father fell into debt, and the boy left school and helped support his familly.
Marry:
At the age of 18, Shakespeare married the 26-year-old Anne Hathaway. And six months after the marriage Anne gave birth to a daughter, Susanna. Twins, son Hamnet and daughter Judith, followed almost two years later in 1585. Afterwards Shakespeare had lived in London alone for years, and finally came back in 1614, two years before his death. However, his wife had lived in their hometown all the time.
英国文学史作家作品
1728-1774
The Deserted village荒村
She Stoops to Conquer屈身求爱
The Vicar of Wakefield威克菲尔德牧师传
RichardBringsley Sheridan
理查德·布林斯利·谢里丹
The School for Scsanda造谣学校
To Autumn秋颂
11.The VictorianPeriod
ThomasCarlyle
托马斯·卡莱尔1795-1881
Sartor Resartus: Thelife and opinions of Herr Teufelsdrockh再造的裁缝
Pastand Present过去与现在
JohnStuart Mill
A Modest Proposal一个小小的建议
Guilliver’s Travels格列佛游记
DanielDefoe
丹尼尔•迪福
1660-1731
Robinson Crusoe鲁宾孙飘流记
Samuel Richardson
塞缪尔·理查逊
1689-1751
Pamela帕美拉
Clarissa Harlowe克拉瑞莎
Rasselas拉塞勒斯
名文：Letter to Lord Chesterfield给吉士菲尔伯爵的信
Thomas Gray
托马斯·格雷
Odeon a distant prospect of eton college伊顿远眺
Hymnsto adversity逆境颂
Elegy墓园挽歌
Oliver Goldsmith
Bible翻译
5.The17thCentury
william shakespeare英文介绍
Well-known Saying
• The course of true love never did run smooth. 真爱无坦 途。 ——《仲夏夜之梦》
• Love is blind and lovers cannot see the pretty follies that themselves commit. 爱情是盲目的，恋人们看不到自己做的 傻事。——《威尼斯商人》
Birthplace: Warwickshire
When he was 14,his father fell into debt, and the boy left school and helped support his familly.
Marry:
At the age of 18, Shakespeare married the 26-year-old Anne Hathaway. And six months after the marriage Anne gave birth to a daughter, Susanna. Twins, son Hamnet and daughter Judith, followed almost two years later in 1585. Afterwards Shakespeare had lived in London alone for years, and finally came back in 1614, two years before his death. However, his wife had lived in their hometown all the time.
The Second Period(1601-1608) Tragedy
英美文学欣赏课程笔记
English1.An Introduction to Old and Medieval English Literature 上古及中世纪英国文学简介The period of Old English :450~1066Genesis A创世纪甲本,Genesis B 创世纪乙本and Exodus出埃及记based on the Old Testament 旧约全书The Dream of the Rood 十字架之梦comes from the New Testament新约全书Beowulf 贝奥武甫the national epic poemThe Wanderer, Deor流浪者，狄奥尔；The Seafarer航海者, The Wife’s Complaint 妻子的抱怨Medieval period 中世纪from 1066 up to the mid-14th centurySir Gawain and the Green Kinght 高文爵士与他的绿衣骑士John Gower 约翰·高厄Piers Plowman 农夫皮尔斯William Langland 威廉·兰格伦The Canterbury Tales 坎特伯雷故事集Geoffrey Chaucer吉奥弗雷·乔叟The Romaunt of the Rose 玫瑰传奇；The Legend of Good Women好女人的故事John Dryden 约翰·德莱顿called Chaucer the father of English poetry2.The Renaissance Period 文艺复兴时期Ⅰ.Edmund Spenser埃德蒙·斯宾塞（1552-1599）The Shepheardes Calender 牧人日记Epithalamion 新婚喜歌The Faerie Queene 仙后The five main qualities of Spenser’s poetry are 1)a perfert melody;2)a rare sense of beauty;3) a splendid imagination;4)a lofty moral purity and seriousness; and 5) a dedicated idealism, he also uses strange forms of speech and obsolete words in order to increases the rustic effectⅡ.Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593) 克里斯托夫·马洛Tamburlaine (1587-1588)帖木儿Dr. Faustus (1589)浮士德博士的悲剧The Jew of Malta(1590) 马耳他岛的犹太人Edward II(1592-1593)爱德华二世Hero and Leander 海洛与勒安得耳The Passionate Shepherd to His Love激情的牧人致心爱的姑娘Translation : Amores 爱的艺术---Ovid奥维德Ⅲ. William Shakespeare (1564-1616) 威廉·莎士比亚Frist period – five history plays:Henry VI,Parts I,II,and III 亨利六世（上，中，下）；Richard III 理查三世；Titus Andronicus 泰托斯·安东尼；four comedies:The Comedy of Errors 错误的喜剧；The Two Gentlemen of V erona维洛那二绅士；The Taming of the Shrew 驯悍记；Love’s Labour’s Lost 爱的徒劳；Second period – five histories: Richard II 理查二世；King John 约翰王；Henry IV, Parts I and II 亨利四世（上，下）；Henry V 亨利五世；six c omedies:A Midsummer Night’s Dream 仲夏夜之梦；The Merchant of V enice 威尼斯商人；Much Ado About Nothing 无事生非；As Y ou Like It 皆大欢喜；Twelfth Night 第十二夜；The Merry Wives of Windsor 温莎的风流娘儿们；two tragedies:Romeo and Juliet 罗密欧与朱丽叶；Julius Caesar 裘利斯·凯撒Third period – his greatest tragedies:Hamlet 哈姆莱特；Othello奥赛罗；King Lear 李尔王；Macbeth 麦克白；Antony and Cleopatra 安东尼与克利奥佩特拉；Troilus and Cressida 特洛伊勒斯与克利西达；Coriolanus 科里奥拉那斯and his so-called dark comedies：All’s well That Ends Well 终成眷属；Measure for Measure 一报还一报The last period – principal romantic tragicomedies: Pericles 伯里克利；Cymbeline 辛白林；The Winter’s Tale 冬天的故事；The Tempest 暴风雨；two final plays: Henry VIII 亨利八世；The Two Noble Kinsmen 两位贵族亲戚Two long narrative poem: V enus and Adonis 维纳斯与安东尼斯(1593)；The Rape of Lucrece 鲁克里丝受辱记（1594）Sonnet 18 第18号十四行诗one of the most beautiful sonnetsⅣ.Francis Bacon (1561-1626) 弗兰西斯·培根philosopher scientist and essayist The Advancement of Learning (1605) 学术的进展Novum Organum(1620)新工具an enlarged Latin version of The Advancement of Learning Essays 散文集of Studies 论读书the most popular of Bacon’s 58 essaysApophthagmes New and Old (1625) 新旧格言集The History of the Reign of Henry VII(1622)亨利七世的统治The New Atlantis新大西岛；unfinishedMaxims of Law 法律原理The Learned Reading upon the Statue of Uses(1642) 法令使用读本Ⅴ. John Donne（1572-1631）约翰·邓恩metaphysical poetry 玄学派诗歌The Elegies and Satires 挽歌与讽刺；The Songs and Sonnets 歌与短歌Farewell to Love 告别爱情Holy Sonnets圣歌集；A Hymn to God the Father 圣父赞美诗The Sun Rising 升引的太阳Death, Be Not Proud 死神，休得狂妄written in the strict Petrarchan pattern 彼特拉克Ⅵ.John Milton约翰·弥尔顿（1608-1674）Paradis Lost (1665)失乐园the only generally acknowledge epic in English literature since BeowulfParadise Regained (1671)复乐园Samson Agonistes (1671)力士参孙the most perfect example of the verse drama after the Greek style in EnglishLycidas (1637)利西达斯composed for a collection of elegies dedicated to Edward King Areopagitica (1644) 论出版自由his most memorable prose3.The Neoclassical Period★Literature of Neoclassicism is different from that of Romanticism in that the former celebrates reason, rationality, order and instruction while the latter sees literature as an expression of an individual’s feeling and experiences.Ⅰ.John Bunyan约翰·班杨（1628-1688）The Pilgrim’s Progress 天路历程The V anity Fair 名利场Ⅱ. Alexander Pope 亚历山大·蒲柏（1688-1744）The Dunciad 群愚史诗An Essay on Criticism(1711) 论批评The Rape of the Lock (first version 1712) 夺法记An Essay on Man(1733-1734) 论人类Eloisa to Abelard(1717) 埃洛伊斯致亚伯拉德Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot (1735)Translate: Homer’s Iliad(1720)荷马伊利亚特Odysey(1726) 奥德赛；some Shakespeare’s plays(1713-1726)Ⅲ.Daniel Defoe（1660-1731）丹尼尔·笛福The Shortest Way with the Dissenters（1702）成为异教徒的捷径The True-born Englishman（1701）地地道道的英国人Robinson Crusoe 鲁滨逊漂流记Captain Singleton (1720) 辛利顿船长Moll Flanders(1722)莫尔·弗朗德斯Colonel Jack(1722) 杰克上校Roxana(1724)罗克萨那A Journal of the Plague Y ear (1722) 灾疫之前的日记Great Plague in 1664-1665 1664年到1665年大瘟疫Ⅳ.Jonathan Swift(1667-1745) 乔森特·斯威夫特A Tale of a Tub (1704)桶的故事The Battle of the Books(1704)书籍的战斗Gulliver’s Travels（1726）格列佛游记The Drapier’s Let ters(1724-1725) 德莱皮尔的信A Modest Proposal（1729）一个温和的建议Ⅴ.Henry Fielding (1707-1754) 亨利·菲尔丁Coffee-House Politician (1730)咖啡屋的政治家The Tragedy of Tragedies (1730)悲剧中的悲剧Pasquin (1736)巴斯昆The Historical Register for the Y ear 1736(1737) 1736年历史年鉴The Historical of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews and of his friend Mr. Abraham Adams (1742) 约瑟夫·安德鲁与亚伯拉罕·亚当斯历险记written in imitation of the manner of CervantesThe History of Jonathan Wild the Great （1743）伟大的乔纳森·怀尔德传记The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling (1749)汤姆·琼斯，一个弃儿的故事The History of Amelia(1751)阿米莉亚传记Ⅵ.Samuel Johnson 塞缪尔·约翰逊（1709-1784）London（1738）伦敦The V anity of Human Wishes (1749)人类欲望的虚幻The History of Rasselas, Prince of Abyssinia (1759) 拉塞拉斯的历史，阿比西尼亚王子Irene (1749)艾琳The Rambler and The Idler随笔闲谈Lives of the Poets(1779-1781) 诗人传A Dictionary of the English Language (1755)英文大词典the author of the first English dictionary by an EnglishmanTo the Right Honorable the Earl of Chesterfield 致切斯特菲尔德勋爵的信Ⅶ.Richard Brinsley Sheridan(1751-1816)理查德·比·谢拉丹The Rivals （1775）情敌The School for Scandal（1777）造谣学校St.Patrick’s Day = the Scheming Lieutenant (1775)圣帕特里克日The Duenna (1775)杜安纳The Critic (1779)批评家Pizarro(1799)皮扎罗Ⅷ.Thomas Gray （1716-1771）托马斯·格雷Horace Walpole 沃尔波The Old Castle of Otranto奥特兰多古堡Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard (1751)写在教堂墓地的挽歌the Graveyard School 墓地诗歌Ode on the Spring (1742)春之颂Ode on a Distant Prospect of Eton College(1747)伊顿公学展望Ode on the Death of a Favourite Cat (1748) 爱猫之死Hymn to Adversity(1742)逆境的赞歌Translation : The Descent of Odin (1761)；奥丁的血统The Fatal Sisters (1761)命运姐妹4.The Romantic Period浪漫主义时期Ⅰ.William Blake（1757-1827）威廉·布莱克Poetical Sketches(1783) 诗草The songs of Innocence(1809)天真之歌“The Chimney Sweeper ”扫烟囱小男孩His Songs of Experience (1794) 经验之歌“The Chimney Sweeper ”扫烟囱小男孩Marriage of Heaven and Hell (1790) 天堂与地狱的结合The Book of Urizen(1794) 尤莱森之书The Book of Los(1795) 洛斯之书The Four Zoas(1796-1807) 四个挪亚Milton(1804-1820) 弥尔顿The Tyger 虎Ⅱ. William Wordsworth (1770-1850) 威廉·华兹华斯Lake Poets 湖畔诗人Robert Southey ，Samuel Taylor Coleridge；Lyrical Ballads (1798)抒情歌谣集Samuel Taylor Coleridge 塞缪尔·泰勒·科勒津治and WordsworthA Phantom of Delight （1802）快乐的化身Descritptive Sketches, an Evening Walk(1793) 描绘速写，黄昏漫步The Prelude(1790-1805)序曲Poems in Two V olumes （1807）双卷诗Ode: Intimations of Immortality 颂歌：永存的暗示；Resolution and Independence 决心与独立autobiographical narrativeThe Excursion (1814)远足Poems: The Sparrow’s Nest麻雀巢;To a Skylark 致云雀; To the Cuckoo 致杜鹃; To a Butterfly 致蝴蝶; I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud 我如行云独自游；An Evening Walk傍晚漫步; My Heart Leaps up我心飞动；Tintern Abbey厅特恩教堂；The Thorn荆棘; The Sailor’s Mother水手的母亲; Michael 麦克尔;The Affliction of Margaret 玛格丽特所受的折磨;The Old Cumberland Beggar老坎伯兰的乞丐The Idiot Boy 白痴男孩;The Solitary Reaper孤独的收割者;To a Highland Girl致高地的姑娘；The Ruined Cottage 被摧毁的茅屋Composed upon Westminster Bridge, September 3,1802 威斯敏斯特桥即景1802年9月3日Lucy pomes 露西：She Dwelt Among the Untrodden ways 独自幽居Ⅲ. Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772-1834)塞·特·科勒津治Lyrical Ballads (1798)抒情歌谣集The Rime of the Ancient Mariner 古航海家之歌Kubla Khan忽必烈汉Christabel克丽斯塔贝尔Frost at Midnight子夜寒霜The Nightingale 夜莺Dejection, an Ode沮丧，一段颂歌Remorse 忏悔（1813）tragic dramaBiographia Literaria （1817）文学传记proseⅣ. George Gordon Byron (1788-1824)乔治·戈登·拜伦Edinburgh Review爱丁堡评论周刊Hours of Idleness 闲散的时光（1807）English Bards and Scotch Reviewers（1809）英格兰诗人与苏格兰诗评家Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage （1812）恰尔德·哈洛尔德游记Oriented Tales 东方故事集Childe Harold 哈洛尔德游记The Prisoner of Chillon（1816）齐伦的囚犯Manfred(1817)曼弗雷德Don Juan（1818-1823）唐·璜The Isles of Greece 哀希腊Cain (1821) 该隐verse dramaThe Island （1821）岛narrative poemThe V ision of Judgment （1822）审判的幻景attack on Southey ，political satireSong for the Luddites 路德党人之歌Ⅴ.Percy Bysshe Shelley(1792-1822) 珀·比·雪莱The Necessity of Atheism（1811）无神论的必然性The Spirit of Solitude(1816) 孤独之精神Hymn to Intellectual Beauty(1816) 内秀之咏Mont Blanc(1816) 蒙特·布兰卡Julian and Maddalo (1818)朱利安与麦达罗The Revolt of Islam(1818) 伊斯兰的起义The Cenci (1819)钦契一家Prometheus Unbound（1819）解放的普罗米修斯Adonais (1821)阿多那伊斯Hellas(1822)赫拉斯A Defence of Poetry （1822）诗辩Love for freedom and hatred toward tyanny: Ode to Liberty 自由颂; Ode to Naples 那不勒斯颂Sonnet: England in 1819十四行诗：英格兰1819；Men of England致英格兰人民--- greatest political lyricsThe Cloud (1820)云之歌To a Skylark（1820）致云雀Ode to the West Wind (1819)西风颂Ⅵ. John Keats（1795-1821）约翰·济慈O n First Looking into Chapman’s Homer(1816)读恰普曼译荷马published in ExaminerSleep and Poetry(1817)睡与诗Endymion（1818）安狄弥翁Lamia, Isabella, The Eve of St. Agnes and Other Poems（1820）拉米亚·伊莎贝拉，圣阿格尼斯节前夕及其他诗歌：Ode on Melancholy; 忧郁颂Ode on a Grecian Urn希腊古瓮颂; Ode to a Nightingale 夜莺颂Ode to Psyche普赛克颂;To Autumn秋日颂；Hyperion 希波里恩(unfinished)Ⅶ.Jane Austen（1775-1817）简·奥斯汀Sense and Sensibility(1811) 理智与情感first novelPride and Prejudice （1813）傲慢与偏见=First ImpressionsMansfield Park（1814）曼斯菲尔德花园Emma （1815）埃玛Persuasion(1818)劝告Northanger Abbey(1818)诺桑觉寺Incomplete works: The Watsons (1923)沃特森一家Fragment of a Novel (1925)小说的未完稿Plan of a Novel（1926）小说的构思5.The Victorian Period 维多利亚时期Ⅰ.Charles Dickens(1812-1870)查尔斯·狄更斯Sketches by Boz(1836) 勃兹的速写The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club 皮克威克外传（1836-1837）Oliver Twist(1837-1838)雾都孤儿Nicholas Nickleby(1838-1839)尼古拉斯·尼克尔比The Pickwick Paper 皮克威克外传David Copperfield（1849-1850）大卫·科波菲尔Martin Chuzzlewit(1843-1845)马丁·瞿述伟Dombey and Son（1846-1848）董贝父子A Tale of Two Cities(1859)双城记Bleak House(1852-1853)荒凉山庄Little Dorrit(1855-1857)小多利特Hard Time(1854)艰难时刻Great Expectations(1860-1861)远大前程Our Mutual Friend(1864-1865)我们共同的朋友Ⅱ.The Bronte Sisters 勃朗蒂姐妹Charlotte Bronte（1816-1855）夏洛特·勃朗蒂Emily Bronte （1818-1848）艾米丽·勃朗蒂Ann Bronte(1820-1849) 安妮·勃朗蒂The Professor 教授(1847)；Charlotte；rejected by the publisher；1857 published posthumously Jane Eyre(1847)简·爱CharlotteAngrian 安格里昂Charlotte and their brother BranwellGondal 刚朵儿Emily and AnnePoems by Currer, Ellis and Acton Bell 科勒尔·艾丽斯·贝尔特诗集（1845）Charlotte Emily Anne Wuthering Heights (1847)呼啸山庄EmilyAgnes Grey(1847)阿格尼斯·格雷AnneThe Tenant of Wildfell Hall(1848) 维尔德费尔·霍的佃户Shirley 雪莉（1849）CharlotteVillette 维莱特（1853）CharlotteⅢ.Alfred Tennyson（1809-1892）阿尔弗雷德·丁尼生Poet Laureate桂冠诗人（1850）Chiefly Lyrical (1830) 抒情诗集Poems （1832）诗集Poems （1842）诗集Ulysses 尤利西斯dramatic monologue; Morte d’ Arthur 摩尔特·亚瑟epic narrative；Dora朵拉exquisite idylls; The Gardener’s Daughter 园丁的女儿The Princess （1847）公主blank verse 无韵体；Tears, Idle Tears 泪水，无聊的泪水；Come down, O Maid来吧，美人；The Splendor Falls壮美的瀑布；Sweet and Low 甜蜜与低缓In Memoriam(1850)悼念Maud 摩德抒情短歌集monodramaRizpah 里兹帕Enoch Arden 伊诺克·阿顿Merlin and the Gleam 魔法师与灵光Crossing the Bar跨越沙洲the fearlessness towards deathIdylls of the King 国王诗歌集（1842-1885）Break, Break, Break 浪花啪、啪、啪in memory of Tennyson’s best friend Arthur HallamⅣ. Robert Browning (1812-1889) 罗伯特·布朗宁Pauline(1833)保林Sordello(1840) 索德罗Dramatic Lyrics(1842)戏剧抒情诗Dramatic Romances and Lyrics(1845)戏剧浪漫诗与抒情诗Bells and Pomegranates (1846)铃铛与石榴树Men and Women (1855)男人与女人Dramatic Personae(1864)戏剧人物The Ring and the Book(1868-1869)指环与书Dramatic Idylls(1880) 戏剧田园诗Sonnets from the Portuguese 葡萄牙十四行诗Mrs.BrowningDramatic monologue 戏剧独白: Pippa Passes 匹帕·帕索斯;My Last Duchess我前一位公爵夫人; Fra Lippo Lippi芙拉·丽波·丽匹; The Bishop Orders His Tomb主教下令修陵; Porphyria’s Lover波菲莉娅的情人; A Grammarian’s Funeral语法学家的葬礼; The Ring and the Book 指环与书；Meeting at Night夜晚幽会Parting at Morning清晨告别Ⅴ.George Eliot（1819-1880）乔治·艾略特translation ：Leben Jesu(life of Jesus) 耶稣的一生；Ethics 伦理学Spinoza; Das Wesen des Christentums(The Essence of Christianity)基督教的精髓Scenes of Clerical Life 牧师生活一瞥Adam Bede(1859)亚当·贝德The Mill on the Floss(1860)弗洛斯河上的磨房Silas Marner(1861)织工拉斯·马奈尔Romola （1863）罗摩拉Felix Holt, the Radical 菲利克斯·霍特，一个激进派only novel on English politicsMiddle march (1872) 米德尔马契Daniel Deronda（1876）丹尼尔?德隆达 a preachment against anti-SemitismⅥ.Thomas Hardy (1840-1928) 托马斯·哈代Desperate Remedies（1871）计出无奈Under the Greenwood Tree（1872）格林伍德的绿林荫下Far from the Madding Crowd（1874）远离尘嚣Tess of the D’Urbervilles(1891)德伯家的苔丝Jude the Obscure(1896)无名的裘德The Dynasts 列王a long epic-drama about the Napoleonic WarsThe Return of the Native(1878)还乡The Trumpet Major(1880)号兵长The Mayor of Casterbridge(1886)卡斯特桥市长The Woodlanders(1887)林地居民6.The Modern Period 现代时期Ⅰ.George Bernard Shaw 乔治·萧伯纳（1856-1950）Cashel Byron’s Profession(1886) 卡歇尔·拜伦的职业Our Theaters in the Nineties (1931) 九十年代的英国戏剧Widower’s Houses(1892) 鳏夫的房产Mrs . Warren’s Profession(1893~1898)沃伦夫人的职业Candida(1895)堪迪达Caesar and Cleopatra(1898) 凯撒与克利奥佩特拉St . Joan (1923) 圣女贞德Man and Superman(1904) 人与超人Back to Methuselah(1921) 回归玛士撒拉The Apple Cart(1929) 苹果车about politicsJohn Bull’s Other Island(1904) 约翰·布尔的另外岛屿about racial problemPygmalion(1912) 皮格马利翁about culture and artabout the problem of family and marriage：Getting Married (1908) 结婚；Misalliance(1910) 不合适的婚姻；Fanny’s First Play (1911) 法妮的第一场戏The Doctor’s Dilemma (1906) 医生的进退两难about the ignorance，incompetence, arrogance and bigotry of the medical professionToo True to Be Good(1932) 难以置信How He Lied to Her Husband 他是怎样欺骗她的丈夫的Ⅱ.John Galsworthy（1867-1933）约翰·高尔斯华绥From the Four Winds (1897)来自四位吹奏者a volume of short storiesThe man of Property(1906)财主The Silver Box (1906)银盒The Forsyte SagaⅠ弗尔塞特世家三部曲Ⅰ: The Man of Property财主；In Chancery(1920) 骑虎难下；To Let (1921)出租；The Forsyte SagaⅡ: A Modern Comedy(1929)现代戏剧The Forsyte Saga Ⅲ: End of the Chapter （posthumously 1934）篇章末尾Ⅲ. William Butler Yeats(1865-1939) 威廉·巴特勒·叶芝The Lake Isle of Innisfree 茵尼斯弗莉的湖中沙洲The Man Who Dreamed of Faeryland 梦想仙境的人No Second Troy 没有第二个特洛伊September 1913 1913年9月Sailing to Byzantium 驶向拜占庭Leda and the Swan 丽达与天鹅The countess Cathleen(1892) 凯瑟琳伯爵夫人Cathleen ni Houlihan(1902) 凯瑟琳·尼·霍利翰The Land of Heart’s Desire(1894) 心欲的土地The Shadowy Waters(1900)布满荫影的水域Purgatory（1935）炼狱Down by the Salley Gardens 来到柳园= An Old Song Resung老歌新唱Ⅳ. T.S.Eliot （1888-1965）T·S·艾略特The Criterion（1922）标准the editor; Nobel Prize; the Order of MeritThe Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock (1915) J·A·布鲁富劳克的情歌The Egoist（1917-1919）自我主义者The Waste Land(1922)荒原Poems 1909-25(1925)1909至1925年诗歌总集Prufrock and Other Observation(1917) 布鲁富劳克与其它情况Prufrock 布鲁富劳克a poem of dramatic monologueGerontion 衰老The Hollow Men 空洞的人Ash Wednesday(1930)星期三的烟灰Four Quartets(1944)四个四重奏Murder in the Cathedral(1935)教堂里的谋杀The Family Reunion(1939)家人团圆The Cocktail Party(1950)鸡尾酒会The Confidential Clerk(1954)机要人员The Elder Statesman(1959)年长的政客Tradition and Individual Talent传统与个人天才essayⅤ.D.H. Lawrence （1885-1930）戴维·赫伯特·劳伦斯Sons and Lovers(1913)儿子与情人autobiographical novelThe White Peacock(1911)白孔雀The Trespasser(1912)过客The Rainbow(1915)虹Women in Love(1920)恋爱中的女人Aaron’s Rod(1922) 亚伦神杖Kangaroo(1923)袋鼠The Plumed Serpent(1926) 羽蛇Lady Chatterley’s Lover(1928)查泰莱夫人的情人Short stories:St. Mawr 圣摩尔;The Daughter of the V icar 主教的女儿;The Horse Dealer’s Daughter贩马人的女儿;The Captain’s Doll 船长的娃娃;The Prussian Officer 普鲁士军官;The Virgin and the Gypsy贞女和吉卜赛人The Lawrence trilogy: A Collier’s Friday Night(1909)矿工的周五夜晚;The Daughter-in-Law(1912)儿媳;The Widowing of Mrs.Holroyed(1914)守寡的霍尔罗伊德夫人Ⅵ.James Joyce 詹姆斯·乔伊斯（1882-1941）Dubliners(1914)都柏林人Araby阿拉比A Portrait of the Artist as a Y oung Man（1916）艺术家年轻时代的肖像Ulysses(1922)尤利西斯Finnegans Wake(1939)菲尼根斯·韦克American1.The Romantic Period 浪漫主义时期Ⅰ. Washington Irving 华盛顿·欧文（1783-1859）early Romantic writer in the American literary history and Father of the American short storiesThe Letters of Jonathan Oldstyle, Gent.（1802-1803）江奈生·欧德斯黛尔先生书信集A History of New Y ork from the Beginning of the World to the End of the Dutch Dynasty (1809)自古至荷兰人占领为止的纽约史The Sketch Book(1819-1820)见闻札记―Rip V an Winkle‖瑞普·凡·温克尔‖The Legend of Sleepy Hollow‖睡谷的传说Bracebridge Hall(1822)布雷斯桥之厅堂Tales of a Traveler (1824)一个旅行者的故事The Alhambra(1832)艾尔哈布拉Spanish Sketch bookⅡ.Ralph Waldo Emerson(1803-1882)拉尔夫·华尔多·爱默生a transparent eyeball 透明眼球Nature(1836)论自然first little bookThe Dial日晷edit for a time the Transcendental journalEssays(1841)散文集‖The American Scholar‖（1837）论美国学者;‖Self-Reliance‖论自助;‖The Over-Soul‖论超灵Second Series(1844) 散文续集‖The Poet‖论诗人；‖Experience‖论经验Thoreau (1817-1862) embraced Emerson’s idea Walden（1854）沃尔登Ⅲ.Nathaniel Hawthorne 纳撒尼尔·霍桑（1804-1864）interior of the heart ;most ambivalent writerTwice-Told Tales(1837)尽人皆知的故事a collection of short storiesMosses from an Old Manse(1846)古屋青苔The Scarlet Letter(1850)红字The Custom-House 海关----an introductory note to The Scarlet LetterThe Snow-Image and Other Twice-Told Tales(1851)雪的形象及其他尽人皆知的故事The House of the Seven Gables(1851)有七个尖角阁的房子The Blithedale Romance(1852)福谷传奇The Marble Faun(1860)玉石雕像Y oung Goodman Brown 小伙子布朗The Minister’s Black V eil 牧师的黑面纱The Birthmark胎记Rappaccini’s Daughter拉帕西尼的女儿Ⅳ.Walt Whitman 沃尔特·惠特曼(1819-1892) both the Revolutionary War in the United States and the Civil WarLeaves of Grass 草叶集Drum Taps(1865)鼓点When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d小院子丁香花开时There was a Child Went Forth 有个孩子在长大Cavalry Crossing a Ford骑兵过河the Drum-Taps sectionSong of Myself 自我之歌Ⅴ.Herman Melville 赫尔曼·麦尔维尔（1819-1891）Moby-Dick(1851)白鲸Chapter 135 . The Chase – Third Day第135章：追鲸----第三天Billy Budd 比利·伯德（1924）Typee(1846)泰比Omoo(1847)奥穆Mardi(1849)玛地Redburn(1849)雷得本semi-authobiographicalWhite Jacket(1850)白外衣Pierre(1852)皮埃尔Bartley, the Scrivener 文书巴特勒比Short storyBenito Cereno 本尼托·切利诺novellaThe Confidence-Man自信人（1857）2.The Realistic Period现实主义时期Local colors: Mark Twain; Sarah Orne Jewett沙拉·奥恩·朱威特; Joseph Kirkland约瑟夫·克科兰德; Hamlin Garland汉姆林·加兰德;Ⅰ. Mark Twain 马克·吐温（1835~1910）H.L. Mencken consider “the true father of our national literature”The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras Country （1865）加拉维县有名的跳蛙frontier tale Innocents Abroad (1869) 傻瓜出国记Roughing It (1872) 含辛茹苦The Gilded Age (1873) 镀金时代The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) 汤姆·索亚历险记Life on the Mississippi(1883)密西西比河上的生活Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884)哈克贝利·芬历险记A Connection Y ankee in King Arthur’s Court (1889) 亚瑟王宫廷中的美国佬The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson (1894) 布丁·海德威尔逊的悲剧The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg (1900) 败坏哈德莱堡的人The Mysterious Stranger (1916) 神秘的陌生人Ⅱ.Henry James 亨利·詹姆斯(1843~1916) the first American writer to conceive his career in international termsThe American(1877) 美国人Daisy Miller (1878) 黛西·米勒In The Europeans(1878) 欧洲人The Portrait of A Lady (1881) 贵妇人的画像The Bostonians (1886) 波士顿人The Princess Casamassima (1886) 卡撒玛西玛公主Short fiction:The Private Life(1893) 私生活；The Death of a Lion (1894) 狮之死；The Middle Y ears (posthumously 1917)中年Another Short fiction:Turn of the Screw(1898) 螺丝在拧紧；The Beast in the Jungle (1903)丛林猛兽What Maisie Knows(1897)梅西所知道的The Wings of the Dove(1902)鸽翼The Ambassadors (1903)专使The Golden Bowl (1904)金碗Essay: The Art of Fiction 小说的艺术Ⅲ.Emily Dickinson （1830-1886）艾米莉·狄金森1775 poems ,only sevenappeared during her lifetime; letter to the worldThis is My Letter to the World 这是我给世人的书信I heard a Fly buzz---when I died---我死时----听见一只苍蝇嗡鸣I like to see it lap the Miles---我喜欢看它舔食着一路向前Because I could not stop for Death—因为我不能为死神停下Ⅳ.Theodore Dreiser 西奥多·德莱赛(1871-1945) one of American’s literary naturalistShort fictions: Nigger Jeff 黑人杰夫;Old Rogaum and His Theresa 老罗高姆和他的特丽萨; Sister Carrie(1900)嘉莉妹妹The Way of the Beaten:A Harp in the Wind失败者之路：寒风中的竖琴Jennie Gerhardt (1911)詹妮·杰哈特TRILOGY of Desire: 欲望三部曲The Financier(1912) 金融家；The Titan (1914) 巨头；The Stoic (posthumously 1947) 斯多葛The Genius（1915）天才An American Tragedy (1925)美国悲剧Dreiser Looks at Russia （1928）德莱塞眼中的俄国3. The Modern Period 现代时期Ⅰ. Ezra Pound 埃兹拉?庞德（1885-1972）Imagist Movement 意像主义运动The translations of Ezra Pound (1953) 埃兹拉?庞德译诗集Confucius （1969）孔子Shih-Ching (1954) 诗经The Cantos （1917-1959）诗章Collect of Early Poems of Ezra Pound (1982) 埃兹拉?庞德早期诗集Personae (1909) 人物Hugh Selwyn Mauberley (1920) 休.赛尔温.莫伯利In a Station of the Metro地铁站一瞥The River-Merchant’s Wife: A Letter 河商的妻子A Pact 盟约Critical essays ：Make It New (1934) 推陈出新；Literary Essays (1954) 论文散文集；The ABC of Reading (1934) 阅读入门；Polite Essays(1937) 论礼教文集Ⅱ.Robert Lee Frost罗伯特?李?弗洛斯特(1874~1963) Pulitzer Prize winner on four occasionsThe Road Not TakenA Boy’s Will (1913) 一个男孩的愿望North of Boston （1914）波斯顿以北Mending the Wall 补墙Home Burial 家葬Mountain Interval （1916）山间低地“The Road Not Taken”没有走的路“Birches”白桦；New Hampshire（1923）新罕布什尔―Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening‖雪野林边停First Pulitzer PrizesWest-Running Brook (1928)西流之溪Collected Poems (1930) 诗集Second Pulitzer PrizesA Further Range (1935)更远的境界Third Pulitzer PrizesA Witness Tree （1942）证人树“The Gift Outright”直率的礼物Fourth Pulitzer PrizesA Masque of Reason (1945)理性假面剧A Masque of Mercy (1947)怜悯假面剧After Apple-Picking 摘苹果后The Road Not Taken未选择的路Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening雪夜林边停Ⅲ. Eugene O’Neill尤金?奥尼尔(1888~1953)the only dramatist ever to win a Nobel PrizeBound East for Cardiff (1916) 驶向东边的卡尔笛福Beyond the Horizon （1920）天外边First Pulitzer Prize 普利策文学奖The Straw (1921) 草Anna Christie （1921）安娜?克里斯蒂1920-1924 symbolic expressionism 象征表现主义：The Emperor Jones(1920) 琼斯皇帝；The Hairy Ape(1922) 毛猿；All God’s Chillun Got Wings (1924) 所有上帝烟斗都有翅膀；Desire Under the Elms (1924) 榆树下的欲望Non-realistic forms非现实主义：The Great God Brown (1926) 伟大的布朗；Lazarus Laughed (1927) 拉扎拉斯笑了Strange Interlude（1928）奇怪的幕间戏Third Pulitzer PrizeThe Iceman Cometh （1946）冰人来了L ong Day’s Journey Into Night (1956) 直到夜晚的漫长的一天Ⅳ.F .Scott Fitzgerald F.司格特.菲茨杰拉德(1896~1940)Literary spokesman of the Jazz AgeThis Side of Paradise(1920)人间天堂The Beautiful and Damned(1922) 美丽而遭骂的人The Great Gatsby（1925）了不起的盖茨比Tender Is the Night（1934）夜色温柔The Last Tycoon （1940）最后的巨头unfinishedShort-story: Flappers and Philosophers (1921)吹捧者与哲学家;Tales of the Jazz Age (1922)爵士时代的故事; All the Sad Y oung Men (1926)所有悲惨的小伙子; Taps and Reveille (1935)里维尔的鼓点; Babylon Revisited重访巴比伦Ⅴ.Ernest Hemingway欧内斯特.海明威(1899~1961)In Our Time (1925) 在我们的时代里The Sun Also Rises(1926)太阳照样升起first true novelA Farewell to Arms(1929)永别了，武器For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940)The Old Man and the Sea (1952)老人与海Men Without Women (1927)没有女人的男人，collection of short stories, ―The Undefeated‖战不败的人；‖The Killers‖杀手；‖Fifty Grand‖五十个大人物；In Death in the Afternoon (1932)死在下午The Green Hills of Africa(1935)美国的绿山The Snow of Kilimanjaro (1936)乞力马扎罗之雪Have and Have Not (1937) 有钱人和没钱人Indian Camp印第安人营地one of fourteen short stories collected under the title of In Our Time.Ⅵ.William Faulkner 威廉.福克纳(1897~1962)The Marble Faun(1924) 玉石雕像Soldiers’ Pay （1926）士兵的薪水Sartoris (1929) 萨托黑斯The Sound and the Fury（1929）喧哗与骚动As I Lay Dying (1930) 我弥留之际Light in August(1932)八月之光Absalom, Absalom!(1936) 押沙龙，押沙龙！Wild Palms(1939)疯狂的手掌The Hamlet (1940)小屋Two novels consisting of stories which are thematically interwoven: The Unvanquished （1938）未被征服者；Go Down, Moses(1942)摩西，走下去Intruder in The Dust (1948)红尘入侵者；anti-racist；Nobel PrizeRequiem for a Nun(1951) 修公安魂曲The Fable (1954)寓言The Town (1957)城镇The Mansion(1959)豪宅A Rose for Emily 给爱米莉的玫瑰。
冬天的故事莎士比亚英文版
冬天的故事莎士比亚英文版The Story of Winter by William ShakespeareThe winter season, with its biting chill and glistening snow, has long been a source of inspiration for writers and poets. In the hands of the legendary William Shakespeare, the essence of this frosty time of year is woven into a captivating tale that delves into the depths of human emotion and the ever-changing cycles of nature.In the Shakespearean play, the story unfolds against the backdrop of a world blanketed in a pristine layer of white. The characters, each with their own unique perspectives and struggles, navigate the challenges and joys that arise during the winter months. Through their interactions and the unfolding of events, the playwright masterfully captures the essence of this season, weaving it into a tapestry of themes that resonate with audiences both in his time and ours.One of the central themes that emerges is the dichotomy between the external world and the inner landscape of the human soul. The harsh, unyielding nature of winter serves as a metaphor for the trials and tribulations that the characters face, both individually andcollectively. The biting cold and the relentless snowfall become a backdrop against which the characters' emotional journeys unfold, mirroring the turmoil and transformation that often accompany this time of year.Shakespeare's use of imagery and symbolism is particularly striking in his portrayal of winter. The snow, for instance, becomes a symbol of both purity and isolation, as it covers the land in a pristine blanket while simultaneously separating and isolating the characters from one another. The bare, skeletal trees and the dwindling daylight hours serve to heighten the sense of melancholy and introspection that permeates the narrative.Yet, amidst the bleakness of winter, Shakespeare also weaves in moments of hope and renewal. The characters, in their struggles to overcome the challenges presented by the season, often find themselves confronted with opportunities for growth, self-discovery, and the rediscovery of their humanity. The thawing of the ice and the gradual return of the sun become metaphors for the characters' own inner transformations, as they learn to navigate the complexities of their relationships and their place in the world.One of the most compelling aspects of Shakespeare's winter tale is the way in which he explores the universal human experiences that are amplified by the season. The loneliness and isolation that canaccompany the long, dark nights of winter are juxtaposed with the warmth and camaraderie that can arise from shared experiences and the desire for connection. The characters' grappling with themes of love, loss, and the search for meaning take on a heightened poignancy against the backdrop of the winter landscape.Throughout the play, Shakespeare's masterful use of language and his keen understanding of the human condition come to the fore. His characters, with their complex motivations and flawed yet relatable personalities, become vessels through which the audience can explore the universal truths that lie at the heart of the winter experience. The playwright's ability to weave together the external world of nature and the internal world of the human psyche is a testament to his unparalleled storytelling prowess.As the reader or audience member delves into Shakespeare's winter tale, they are transported into a world that is both familiar and extraordinary. The characters' struggles and triumphs, their joys and sorrows, become a mirror in which we can see reflections of our own experiences, our own hopes and fears. In this way, the story of winter becomes a universal narrative, one that speaks to the very essence of what it means to be human, to navigate the changing seasons of life.In the end, Shakespeare's winter tale stands as a testament to the enduring power of storytelling and the timeless themes that can beexplored through the lens of a single, yet profoundly significant, season. Through his masterful crafting of characters, setting, and language, the playwright invites us to embrace the beauty and the challenges of winter, to find solace in the cyclical nature of the natural world, and to ultimately emerge from the cold, renewed and transformed.。
描写冬天的英文诗莎士比亚
描写冬天的英文诗莎士比亚莎士比亚是英国文艺复兴时期最伟大的诗人和剧作家之一，他的作品中充满了对自然、爱情、人性和社会的深刻洞察。
冬天在他的诗歌中常常被用来象征衰老、死亡以及生命的轮回。
以下是十首莎士比亚描写冬天的英文诗及其简要赏析：1. Sonnet 12: "When I do count the clock that tells the time"赏析：这首十四行诗描述了时光流逝，青春不再的主题。
通过将冬天与夜晚、老年与消亡相提并论，表达了诗人对时间无情流逝的感慨。
2. Sonnet 18: "Shall Ipare thee to a summer's day?"赏析：虽然这首诗主要赞美的是夏天，但间接也反映了冬天的寒冷和严酷。
诗人通过对比，表达出他对爱人美丽永驻的期待。
3. Sonnet 97: "How like a winter hath my absence been"赏析：在这首诗中，冬天代表了分离和冷淡的感情。
诗人通过描绘冬日的景象来表达他离开爱人的痛苦心情。
4. Sonnet 60: "Like as the waves make towards the pebbled shore"赏析：诗人在诗中以海洋波浪比喻时间的流逝，提到冬天是对生命衰败的隐喻。
5. Sonnet 73: "That time of year thou mayst in me behold"赏析：此诗是诗人对年老和死亡的思考，其中冬天的形象代表着生命的暮年。
6. Sonnet 104: "To me, fair friend, you never can be old"赏析：尽管这首诗没有直接描写冬天，但它在探讨永恒之美时，暗示了四季更迭、岁月流转的概念。
7. The Winter's Tale (Act IV, Scene 4): "Exit pursued by a bear"赏析：《冬天的故事》是莎士比亚的一部戏剧，剧中第四幕第四场以“被熊追赶而出”这一著名场景结束，这里的冬天暗指人生困境和挑战。
罗伯特·格林和他的“警世通言”
一个话题可能都兴味盎然，借鉴和改编也就不难想象了。格林被抢了商机，
又被抢了票房，对于他一个大学才子，拥有两个牛校的学位，且有两个硕
士学位，更何况满腹经纶、才华横溢，愤怒之情自然是可想而知的。在一
个希腊语和拉丁文都捉襟见肘、中学都还没有毕业的乡巴佬面前，他的傲
气是情有可原的。
一个署名为 R. B. Gent.［据推测是理查德·巴恩菲尔德（Richard Barnfield）］
Purloined his plumes: can they deny the same?
□
Copyright©博看网. All Rights Reserved.
英语世界 2022·10
的一部经典莎传，就叫作《莎士比亚史料传记》（William Shakespeare: A Documentary Life）。因此，格林这样的史料，在莎士比亚的生平事实像泥鳅 一样滑头难抓的情况下，也就显得非常可贵了。格林写的这个册子是 1592 年出版的。六年后，弗朗西斯·米尔斯（Francis Meres）提到“莎士比亚甜 蜜的十四行诗在密友中流传”（his sugred Sonnets among his private friends）。 米尔斯的这部册子叫作《智慧的宝库》（Palladis Tamia: Wits Treasury），在 文案公署的注册时间是 1598 年 9 月 7 日。有意思的是，这一正一反的，都 与“智慧”有关。
Tempest）对《修士培根与修士邦吉》（Friar Bacon and Friar Bungay）的借
鉴就是明显脱不了干系的了。
应该明白，莎士比亚不是神仙。他只不过是比普通人高明许多，善于
借鉴，也善于出新。这一点高过了许多人。不论是当今还是当时，人们都
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
小编给你一个美联英语官方试听课申请链接：
/test/waijiao.aspx?tid=16-73675-0
美联英语提供：冬天的故事(The Winter’s Tale)简介
The Winter's T ale is Shakespeare's most fully realized tragicomedy, noted for the richness and complexity of its poetry. Though the title may suggest an escapist fantasy, recent criticism has seen in the play a profoundly realistic psychology and a keen commentary on the violence implicit in family relationships and deep friendships. Orgel traces the changing critical and theatrical attitudes towards the play, and places its psychological and dramatic conflicts within the Jacobean cultural and political context. This edition is made complete with a reprint of Shakespeare's source for the play, Pandosto, by Robert Greene.
This richly annotated edition takes a fresh look at the first part of Shakespeare's second tetralogy of history plays, showing how it relates to the other plays in the sequence. Forker places the play in its political context, discussing its relation to competing theories of monarchy, looking at how it faced censorship because of possible comparisons between Richard II and Elizabeth I, and how Bolingbroke's rebellion could be compared to the Essex rising of the time. This edition also reconsiders Shakespeare's use of sources, asking why he chose to emphasise one approach over another. Forker also looks at the play's rich afterlife, and the many interpretations that actors and directors have taken. Finally, the edition looks closely at the aesthetic relationship between language, character, structure and political import.
The Arden Shakespeare is the established edition of Shakespeare's work. Justly celebrated for its authoritative scholarship and invaluable commentary, Arden guides you a richer understanding and appreciation of Shakespeare's plays. This edition of King Richard III provides, a clear and authoritative text, detailed notes and commentary on the same page as the text, a full introduction discussing the critical and historical background to the play and appendices presenting sources and relevant extracts.
小编给你一个美联英语官方试听课申请链接：
/test/waijiao.aspx?tid=16-73675-0。