基础翻译课后答案
《英语翻译基础》讲义及《样题和答案》
英语翻译基础讲义第一章翻译的基本原则1.Nature of Translation(翻译的性质)Translation is a science.Translation is an art.Translation is a craft.Translation is a skill.Translation is an operation.Translation is a language activity.Translation is communication2.Principles of Translation(翻译的原则)Three characters “信，达，雅”（faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance）———严复《天演论》Three characters “信，达，切”(faithfulness, expressiveness and closeness) ———刘重德《翻译十讲》Summary:忠实与通顺(1) Faithfulness of Translation (翻译的忠实)Strictly speaking, faithfulness is the generalization of the principles of translation. That’s to say, true translation demands that the translator be faithful to the content, language and style of the original at the same time.Eg. 1.War, pestilence and famine consumed one million people.战争，瘟疫和饥馑毁掉了一百万人。
该句译文从三个方面与原文都是一致的。
内容上，措辞完全对应；形式上，中英文都是陈述句，且语序相同。
新起点大学基础英语教程读写教程2课后翻译题答案
新起点大学基础英语教程-读写教程2：课后翻译1~8单元UNIT 11. His work has someth ing to do with animal s.2. In orderto arrive before dark, we starte d early.3. Judgin g by her accent, she must be from the North.4. If you want her to come, inform her in advanc e.5. I don't know why he change d his mind.6. Most people like to swim once they have learne d how (to swim).7. The more prepar ation s you make now, the more confid enceyou'll have in the exam.8. If you learnEnglis h wll, you will use it often. The freque nt use, in turn, will make you learnbetter.UNIT 21. I am taking care of a worker from a neigho ringfactor y.2. Aftergoingto bed last night, I turned the matter over and over in my mind and stillcould't finda soluti on.3. No matter how cold or hot it is, I keep practi cingeveryday.4. To achiev e what yo haopefor, you should startworkin g hard from today.5. Althou gh we have been apartfrom each otherfor threeyears, we stillkeep our friend shipgoing.6. It rained. As a result, none of us couldgo to the concer t.7. Like many colleg e studen ts, studen ts of our univer stity love to read the novels of this author.8. My health is to a largeextent due to the care by the doctor s and nurses.UNIT 31. An estima ted 200 people attend ed yester day's meetin g.2. I like thehou se with two largewindow s facing the sea, but just can't afford it.3. Accori ng to the new regula tion,postin g ads withou t permis sioncan be finedfor as much as 10,000 yuan.4. To a greatextent, we are respon sible for what we say and (what you) do.5. We should make the most of all kindsof resour ces on the Intern et.6. If you are conten t to make such a smallamount of moneyeverymonth, sellin g newspa persis a pretty good job for you.7. Observ ation and explor ation are common meansin scient ificresear ch that couldbringmajordiscov eries.8. You can't unders tandthe relati onshi ps untill you analyz e the situat ion in greatdepth.UNIT 41. Nowada ys we are increa singl y relyin g on inform ation and comput er techno logy.2. This meansthe new regula tionis of greatbenefi t to both the state-ownedand the privat e busine sses.3. He is slowly adapti ng to the life of a laid-off worker.4. The person nel manage r said, "First, you must focuson the follow ing proble ms."5. A dreamwill neverbecome a realit y unless one unders tands what it will take to achiev e the dream.6. As busine ss is bad, the compan y laid off twenty worker s.7. The produc ts manufa cture ed by this compan y are for specif ic purpos es.8. Peteris huntin g for a job now, as his moneywill only last him one month.UNIT 51. We have decide d to settle the matter once and for all.2. I feel happythat my younge r brothe r has passed the entran ce examin ation of that famous univer sity.3. The love affair betwee n the two beganwith that strang e quarre l.4. As we expect, they have made greatprogre ss in theirresear ch on the causes of SARS.5. He accomp anied his speech with a lot of gestur es.6. So far, therehas been a lot of discus sionon whethe r destro yingthe enviro nment is agains t law.7. Gaspin g for breath, he ran out of the office, and took a taxi to the city librar y.8. I don't thinkyou should worryaboutyour compan y's curren t troubl es.UNIT 61. I rememb er the wholethingclearl y as if it happen ed yester day.2. I regard that movieas one of the worstI've ever seen.3. The new Five-Year-Plan is beingcarrie d out in all fields.4. In spiteof all his effort s, he failed in the end.5. When the rightopport unity comesalong, he'll take it.6. The planet was namedafterits discov erer.7. It took them one year to buildthe house.8. I'm sure her knowle dge of Englis h is adequa te for the job.UNIT 71. She is very carefu l. She won't take a risk when drivin g.2. Thosewho have a passio n for footba ll can experi encegreatenjoym ent.3. In additi on to teenag ers, malesand female s of otherages also enjoymounta ineer ing.4. His studen ts looked upon him with respec t.5. It was Dr. Smiththat/ whom we invite d/ who was invite d to give us a lectur e.6. One of the advant agesof e-mail over regula r mail is that it is fast.7. Only with good health, can we studywell and work well.8. If you compar e Tom with his classm ates, you will find he workshard and knowshow to relax. UNIT 81. The mother went out to work, so the father took respon sibil ity for lookin g afterthe childr en at home.2. Resear ch showsthat smokin g is direct ly relate d to lung cancer.3. Parent s should be concer ned abouttheirchildr en's perfor mance at school.4. Your too much worryover your health may really make you sick.5. The head of the villag e pointe d out that the tree had become a source of income, as touris ts had been coming from all partsof the countr y to see it.6. Mother said, "Chocol ate is okay, but only if you have one bar a day."7. Whethe r people are satisf ied with this policy outwei ghs all otherconsid erati ons.8. We should take less greasy food such as butter and eat as much fruitand vegeta blesas possib le to keep a balanc e diet.。
Translation基础英语4课本翻译参考答案
基础(jīchǔ)英语4 课本(kèběn)翻译(fānyì)参考答案Unit 2(Page37)1.Mary saw a shifty-eyed man walking into a neighbor’s house.2.Bob always sneers at my taste in clothes.3.It is impolite to pry into other’s secrets.4.I think Chris is after my job.5.She trailed off,silenced by the look Chris gave her.6.The branches were dry and brittle.7.The radio cracked so much that we could hardly hear what was said.8.The land slopes down to the sea.9.His pockets were bulging with money.10.I had to haggle with the taxi driver over the fare.Unit3(Page 58)1.An opportunity as good as this arises/occurs only once in a blue moon.2.The boy felt guilty for taking money from his mother’s handbagwithout permission.3.She did not give credence to a single word of his story.4.Generally speaking,teachers are tolerant of their students’mistakes.5.I took it for granted that you’d want to come with us ,so I bought youa ticket.6.Thanks to the manager’s repeated counseling ,the staff soon broke thebad habit of coming late to work.7.He’s furious with her now,but he’ll forgive her soon.It is just/only amatter of a few hours,that’s all.Unit 5(Page 100)1.If you can’t afford to pay in cash,you can buy the car on credit.2.I said I’d help him and that’s what I’m going to do .I shall keep myword.3.I ’ve a stake in this company and don’t wish to see it go bankrupt.4.With the development of industrial production ,the old feudal systembegan to fall apart.5.He is very competent and keeps everything straight on the farm.6.The new educational system aims to give the students the initiative tolearn more subjects.7.Before starting on our trip we should tune the car up.Unit6(Page 118)1.They are to have their wedding next month.2.He is to be congratulated on his brilliant discovery.3.If it were to rain tomorrow,the match would be postponed.4.Do not despair .The best is yet to come.5.That was in 1550.He was to sail to the New World of America in thefollowing year.6.You are not to talk in the reading room.7.The new traffic regulation are to be observed.8.The route is to be planned before the expedition.(Page120)1.The landlady told me that the rent must be paid in advance.2. Although this company boasts that its products are superior to those of other companies, they are actually inferior in quality.3. What lies at the root of the problem is their lack of interest.4. The police interviewed several witnesses, but none of them could tell how the accident came about.5. The new building of the department store does not conform to the safety regulations.6. She derived great satisfaction from her stamp collection.7. Colorful balloons and flags added to the festive atmosphere of the small town.8. Money is very important, but happiness is not always associated with wealth.Unit7(Page 137)1. It is a disgrace that he (should) lie in public.2. It is a pity that he should be so upset.3. It is a nuisance that I should have forgotten my ticket.4. It is a shame that our picnic should be spoiled by the rain.5. It is essential that you should attend the meeting.6.It is important that we should keep up with the most recent development in the world.7. It is desirable that university students should know how to work with computers.8. It is strange that he should have gone away without letting us know. (Page138)1. There is a Greek art collection on display at the museum at the moment.2. Lost in the forest and out of food, he was reduced to eating wild herbs and fruit to keep himself alive.3. This area has been marked off as a future playground.4. There was no choice but to wade through the muddy water.5. The congressman appealed to the government to set up more schools.6. They were in a dreadful plight when their money and passports were stolen while they were on holiday in a foreign country.7. At the urging of her friends, I arranged for a doctor to see her.8. He tried to keep up a calm appearance, but his trembling voice gave him away.Unit9(Page 187)1.She seems to take little pleasure in doing such things.2.The professor told us that the tradition of landscape painting coulddate from the prehistoric age.3.After attending the lecture of the famous writer ,he decided to give upmedicine and take to literature.4.Let’s dispense with the formalities and go directly into the discussion.5.These animals run extraordinarily fast and in consequence theirhunting methods are very efficient indeed.6.The police searched every house in the district for the escapedcriminal,but to no avail.7.Parents tend to take very great pride in the achievements of theirchildren.Unit 10(Page 206)1.Many developing countries,after independence,were afflicted witheconomic problems to begin with.2.In order to protect domestic industries,the government decided toimpose anti-dumping tariff on imported products.3.Knowledge without practical experience counts for little.4.Thousands of people were forced to abandon their homes to theinvading enemy troops.5.I’ve lived in Shanghai so long that I’ve looked upon/on the city as mysecond hometown.6.The roof will have to be propped up while repairs are being carried out.7.In (the) face of great hardship,he managed to keep his sense of humor.Unit 14(Page 289)1.The people in the flooded area are hungry for provisions,clothes andmedicine.2.As he sat up late watching TV,(It’s) no wonder that he looks so tired.3.If I were you,I wouldn’t get involved with/in those complicated affairs.4.Her skills are so excellent that the cakes she makes are simply worksof art.5.I know it was my fault but there is no need to rub it in.6.This sort of work calls for a lot of patience.7.The government declared that its foreign currency reserve is strongenough to resist the financial crisis.Unit15(Page 309)1.The tourists cheered with excitement when they saw water cascadingdown the mountainside.2.Owing to the policy of reform,the small town is thriving day by day.3.Could you read through this for me and highlight the important points?4.At times I wonder if rote lerning is worthwhile.5.The superstitions that used to prevail in Old China are disappearinggradually.6.Thanks to the improvement in export sales,the company hassuccessfully fulfilled its marketing plan.7.内容总结8.。
大学基础英语教程1课后翻译答案
Unit 11、我不知道是否把我的意思讲清楚了。
I don’t know if I (have) made myself understood.2、你在课堂上应该更加积极主动一些，努力与同学练习口语。
You should take a more active part in class and try to practice speaking English.3、在学习英语的过程中，我们克服了许多困难。
In the process of English learning ,we have overcome many difficulties.4、你到国外上大学会有很多花费的。
Attending a university abroad can cost you a lot of money.5、朗读可以改进你的发音。
Reading aloud can improve your pronunciation.6、听音乐是一种极好的放松方式。
Listening to music is an excellent means of relaxation.7、做一个好学生不一定要放弃休息和体育活动。
You don’t have to give up rest and sports to be a good student.8、你就应该不时地给父母写写信。
Every now and then, you should write to your parents.Unit 21、他穿着雨衣，带上手电，加入了抗洪的战斗。
Armed with raincoat and flashlight he joined in the fight against the flood2、有人选择在超市购物，而有人喜欢光顾旧货店。
Some people choose to shop in the supermarket while others like to hint foe goods in the second –hand shop3、有些人淘旧货只是为了省钱。
【优质】英汉翻译基础教程练习答案总主编冯庆华
6. If you do it like that, you'll be completely (gravely / seriously) mistaken (be absolutely wrong / make a big mistake / make a major blunder / commit a very gross error).
二、翻译下列句子，注意增补代词。
1. Hand in your exercise-books, please.
2. I can't express myself in English.
3. Liberalism manifests itself in various ways.
4. Don't overwork yourself.
2. Another example. The reading of Chinese classics is a must for all Chinese. Nevertheless, it was not until I was over 30 that I came to realize the importance of self-study in the matter of classics.
5. I wish to avail myself of this opportunity to express our gratitude to you.
7. turn a deaf ear to
8. burn one's boat
英译汉教程课后练习题含答案 (2)
英译汉教程课后练习题含答案本文包含英译汉教程课后练习题及其答案，分为初级、中级和高级三个部分。
读者可以根据自己的水平选择相应的部分进行练习，以加强自己的英译汉能力。
初级1.He is a teacher. 答案：他是一名教师。
2.She likes to play soccer. 答案：她喜欢踢足球。
3.They are brothers. 答案：他们是兄弟。
4.I have a black cat. 答案：我有一只黑猫。
5.We are students. 答案：我们是学生。
中级1.She is a talented singer and songwriter. 答案：她是一位有才华的歌手和词曲创作人。
2.The company is planning to launch a new product next year.答案：公司计划明年推出一款新产品。
3.He graduated from a prestigious university with a degree incomputer science. 答案：他从一所名牌大学毕业，拥有计算机科学学位。
4.The hotel offers a wide range of amenities and services toits guests. 答案：该酒店为客人提供了各种设施和服务。
5.The movie won several awards at international film festivals.答案：该电影在国际电影节上获得了几个奖项。
高级1.The scientific research project ms to explore the underlyingmechanisms of human cognition and perception. 答案：该科学研究项目旨在探索人类认知和知觉的基本机制。
2.The new policy proposes a comprehensive overhaul of theexisting health care system. 答案：新政策提出了对现有医疗保健系统进行全面改革。
基础口译参考答案解析
基础口译参考答案解析基础口译参考答案解析口译是一项需要高度专业技能和语言能力的任务，对于学习口译的人来说，参考答案的解析是非常重要的。
在这篇文章中，我将对一些基础口译题目的参考答案进行解析，并提供一些技巧和建议。
首先，让我们来看一个常见的口译题目：Question: 请将以下句子翻译成英文：我昨天去了一家很不错的餐厅，点了一份牛排和一杯红酒。
参考答案: Yesterday, I went to a very nice restaurant and ordered a steak and a glass of red wine.解析: 这道题目是一个简单的口译题目，要求将一句中文句子翻译成英文。
在翻译过程中，需要注意语法和词汇的正确使用。
参考答案中使用了正确的时态和词汇，准确地表达了原句的意思。
接下来，我们来看一个稍微复杂一些的题目：Question: 请将以下对话翻译成中文：A: How long have you been studying English? B: I have been studying English for five years.参考答案: A: 你学英语学了多久了？B: 我学英语学了五年了。
解析: 这道题目要求将一个英文对话翻译成中文。
在翻译过程中，需要注意语序和词汇的准确使用。
参考答案中使用了正确的语序和词汇，准确地表达了原对话的意思。
除了基础的口译题目，还有一些需要较高水平的技巧和知识的口译题目。
例如：Question: 请将以下段落翻译成中文：The Industrial Revolution, which tookplace from the 18th to 19th centuries, was a period of major industrializationand innovation. It marked a shift from an agrarian economy to one dominatedby industry and manufacturing. This period saw the development of new technologies, such as the steam engine and the spinning jenny, which revolutionized production processes.参考答案: 工业革命发生在18世纪到19世纪，是一个重要的工业化和创新时期。
英汉翻译基础教程练习答案
英汉翻译基础教程练习答案汉英翻译基础教程第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 (2)第二章词法翻译的一般技巧 (4)第三章名词的抽象和具体译法 (9)第四章动词的翻译 (11)第五章数词和冠词的翻译 (12)第六章成语的英译 (13)第七章修辞格的翻译 (17)笫八章文化词语的翻译 (19)第九章汉英句子比较与翻译 (20)第十章换序和转态译法 (23)笫十一章断句合句译法 (25)笫十二章长句的翻译 (27)第十四章汉英语篇比较与翻译 (29)第十五章风格与翻译 (30)第十六章语用与翻译 (32)第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译第一节翻译中的选义一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文1. b2. a3. b4. a二、译出下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配1． a swarm of beesa brood of chickensa litter of pups2. a bevy of beautiful ladiesa pack of houndsa team of ducksa herd of antelopes3. unfailing supportproactive fiscal policymake effective use of overseas resources4. make a phone calltake a taxiknit a woolen sweaterfetch waterplay basketballspray insecticide5. basic wagecapital constructionessential commodityprimary industryfundamental interest三、翻译下列句子，注意画线词语的理解1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.4. Everyone complained against such a practice.5. They had a dispute at the meeting.6. You should follow the doctor's advice.7. They reached a consensus on this issue.8. There is still some unfinished business to settle.9. We have consulted him about the matter.10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now第二节翻译中的选词一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。
基础英语第二册课后翻译题参考答案
基础英语第二册课后翻译题参考答案综合教程第二册(Book 2)各单元课后翻译题参考答案Unit 11.动物保护主义者强烈反对用动物做实验。
(disapprove of)Key: Animal conservationists strongly disapprove of experimenting on animals.2.在馆长的严厉的注视下，莎莉走进了博物馆。
(stern)Key: Shelly walked into the museum under the stern gaze of the curator.3.在广告行业干了一阵之后，吉姆去了一家大保险公司。
(spell)Key: After a spell in the advertising business, Jim began to work for a large insurance firm.4.周末期间估计有50000人涌向伦敦观摩英联邦运动会的开幕式。
(flood) Key: It was estimated that 50000 people flooded into London over the weekend for the opening of the Commonwealth Games.5.他冲进了热闹的大街，混入人群中，希望那样警察就认不出他了。
(mingle with) Key: He rushed into the busy street and mingled with the crowd, hoping in that way the police would not spot him.6.他蹑手蹑脚地从房间里走出去，以免吵醒她。
(tiptoe)Key: He tiptoed quietly out of the room so as not to wake her up.7.他买那幅油画是作为一种地位的象征，而并非对艺术有特别的兴趣。
《基础翻译》课程讲义练习答案
Unit 1 Introduction: Translation & Translation Techniques绪论：翻译与翻译技巧预习作业1：按照忠实原文和译文流畅两项标准，把下列句子译成汉语：1.她来得正是时候。
2.她的丈夫去世至今不过半年。
3.我认为那篇讲话口气强硬，大可不必。
4.马其顿之争同希腊也有关系。
5.英国人同其他民族一样，也有丰富的感情。
6.他一点不显老，面容年轻得令人惊讶。
7.她再也不愿相信任何男人了。
8.尼克松对受到破格礼遇非常高兴，但并没受宠若惊。
9.而中国是一片令人惊讶、日新月异的土地。
10.他上一部小说写砸了，名声从此岌岌可危。
11.“我要丽萨去哪她就得去哪儿。
”/“我得让丽萨听从我的调遣。
”12.还是那句老话：物失方知可贵，病时倍思健康。
13.从物理学的观点来看，不同的波长有多少种，颜色就有多少种。
14.但下个世纪我们将能根本改变DNA，能在构建新的生命时把我们的种种想象、种种出于虚荣的要求，都编入遗传密码。
15.作为人，我们应该不问他人的身份如何都尊重他们，从而显示出自己高超的智慧和道德，而不要因为他们没有某种身份或地位而去卑视他们。
预习作业2：按照忠实原文和译文流畅两项标准，修改一下译文中的错误：1.brand-name products2.solo dance; lyrical dance3.former officials/veteran writers4.break one’s promise5.traditional Chinese music6.to build a well-off society in an all-round way（原译文对“全面”理解不准确，偏离了愿意。
“小康”原译文较长，含义较泛。
）7.With every bit we dig, they will be that much lower (Or: the more we dig, the lower themountains will be. How on earth can’t we clear them away?)8.He is as wise as Solomon.（原译文只表达出了原文的喻意，而原文鲜明的文化形象和修辞效果不复存在，我们可以借用西方国家具有同样寓意的历史人物替换原文的形象。
【VIP专享】英汉翻译基础教程练习答案总主编冯庆华
汉英翻译基础教程第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 (2)第二章词法翻译的一般技巧 (4)第三章名词的抽象和具体译法 (9)第四章动词的翻译 (11)第五章数词和冠词的翻译 (12)第六章成语的英译 (13)第七章修辞格的翻译 (17)笫八章文化词语的翻译 (19)第九章汉英句子比较与翻译 (20)第十章换序和转态译法 (23)笫十一章断句合句译法 (25)笫十二章长句的翻译 (27)第十四章汉英语篇比较与翻译 (29)第十五章风格与翻译 (30)第十六章语用与翻译 (32)第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译第一节翻译中的选义一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文1. b2. a3. b4. a二、译出下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配1． a swarm of beesa brood of chickensa litter of pups2. a bevy of beautiful ladiesa pack of houndsa team of ducksa herd of antelopes3. unfailing supportproactive fiscal policymake effective use of overseas resources4. make a phone calltake a taxiknit a woolen sweaterfetch waterplay basketballspray insecticide5. basic wagecapital constructionessential commodityprimary industryfundamental interest三、翻译下列句子，注意画线词语的理解1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.4. Everyone complained against such a practice.5. They had a dispute at the meeting.6. You should follow the doctor's advice.7. They reached a consensus on this issue.8. There is still some unfinished business to settle.9. We have consulted him about the matter.10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now第二节翻译中的选词一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。
英汉翻译入门第二版课后答案
Exerci s101．他上了年纪，记性不好，喝了酒就更不能清晰地思考了。
2．泥沙泛起来，水都浑了，使我们向安全通道摸索时迷失了方向3．因肩部受伤，他没有能继续部队生涯4．他是从生活中学会这一切的5．这个八音盒是用一个完整的椰子壳做成的6．和平时一样，约翰对这个问题也是低调处理7．他和我们一起干，查询数据库中心8．母亲第二天达到旧金山，倒不过时差很不舒服9．这次战役规模大，火力猛，相比之下，那次对抗简直不值得一提。
10.我看到一个看管停车计时收费器的女孩在停车超时的汽车上贴罚款通知书，于是赶紧溜走11.几杯酒下肚，谈话顺畅多了12这里下起雨来可不是一般地下，而是哗啦啦来的倾盆瓢泼大雨13.我不想花那么多钱蜗居在香港弹丸大的公寓里14.她找到了一条精心修建的大路，蜿蜒向上达540度，犹如一条滑水道15．他只用了20秒钟就冲到了这座25层高楼的顶层16.这些戏剧般的变化使全世界的人都充满了想象，其原因是显而易见的17．由于对历史有不同看法，决策当局的每一个决定、每盖一座大楼或每修建一座纪念碑，都会引起争议。
Exerci s 141.拉尔夫的蓝眼睛眯成了一条缝，看着十分友善2.铁暴露在潮湿的空气里会生锈3.她坐在河边一块石头上，撩起上衣的一角，擦去脸上的汗水4.他在没有客人的空当儿抓紧时间看书5.处于顺境时交朋友易如反掌；处于逆境时比登天还难6.几个世纪来诺曼农民们修筑堤岸，开掘沟渠或种植树篱，用各种方法将田分成小块7.穿上牛仔裤，活泼可爱；穿上绒线衫，潇洒迷人8.14%的女性开车时会打瞌睡9.公开追求物质享受的风气迅速蔓延开来，引起了古巴政府的警觉10.我认为他说的话离题十万八千里，于是我打断了他11.许多学生因为担心考试而感到紧张，因此没能正常发挥12.他要是动作慢上几秒钟，就会被狗咬成重伤13.参观的客人大量融入，拥挤不堪。
大学英语基础教程课后翻译答案
Unit11. Dark clouds denote a coming storm.2. He scored a bull’s eye in their argument with that witty retort.3. I love seeing animated cartoons.4.Agleam of interest came into her eye.5. His present salary is rather meager.6.At first glance, it looked like unalloyed good news.7. I couldn’t convince him of my innocence.8. John fell and chipped one of his front teeth.B1. 人生中有很多财富，这好像是理所当然的事情。
2. 对我们这个很大的移民家庭来说，妈妈的汤就是一种保证，我们永远都不会挨饿。
3. 在我家里，热烈的拥抱是从来不变的事情。
4. 和我们一家人吃饭会让索尔完全感到厌烦的。
5. 我相信这是我最后一次看到我的朋友索尔了Unit21. After World War II, while the primary industry of agriculture and the second industry of manu- facturing remain to be important, there have been rapid advances in the tertiary industry of ser- vices.2. It is argued that c rime doesn’t always go with poverty.3. I have come to understand why my father was always in a rush when I was very young.4. More and more people are working hard at the task of learning foreign languages and using computers in order to be more competent.5. In future, it will be knowledge managers but not non-knowledge worker who will take the lead.6. It is said that the total of man’s knowledge doubles every ten years.7. She became a distinguished scholar at the expense of her health.8.Americans believe no one stands still. If you are not moving ahead, you are lagging behind.B1. 二战后，微集成电路块的发明和推广应用使人类社会的生产结构发生了巨变。
英汉翻译入门第二版课后答案
Exercis101．他上了年纪，记性不好，喝了酒就更不能清晰地思考了。
2．泥沙泛起来，水都浑了，使我们向安全通道摸索时迷失了方向3．因肩部受伤，他没有能继续部队生涯4．他是从生活中学会这一切的5．这个八音盒是用一个完整的椰子壳做成的6．和平时一样，约翰对这个问题也是低调处理7．他和我们一起干，查询数据库中心8．母亲第二天达到旧金山，倒不过时差很不舒服9．这次战役规模大，火力猛，相比之下，那次对抗简直不值得一提。
10.我看到一个看管停车计时收费器的女孩在停车超时的汽车上贴罚款通知书，于是赶紧溜走11.几杯酒下肚，谈话顺畅多了12这里下起雨来可不是一般地下，而是哗啦啦来的倾盆瓢泼大雨13.我不想花那么多钱蜗居在香港弹丸大的公寓里14.她找到了一条精心修建的大路，蜿蜒向上达540度，犹如一条滑水道15．他只用了20秒钟就冲到了这座25层高楼的顶层16.这些戏剧般的变化使全世界的人都充满了想象，其原因是显而易见的17．由于对历史有不同看法，决策当局的每一个决定、每盖一座大楼或每修建一座纪念碑，都会引起争议。
Exercis 141.拉尔夫的蓝眼睛眯成了一条缝，看着十分友善2.铁暴露在潮湿的空气里会生锈3.她坐在河边一块石头上，撩起上衣的一角，擦去脸上的汗水4.他在没有客人的空当儿抓紧时间看书5.处于顺境时交朋友易如反掌；处于逆境时比登天还难6.几个世纪来诺曼农民们修筑堤岸，开掘沟渠或种植树篱，用各种方法将田分成小块7.穿上牛仔裤，活泼可爱；穿上绒线衫，潇洒迷人8.14%的女性开车时会打瞌睡9.公开追求物质享受的风气迅速蔓延开来，引起了古巴政府的警觉10.我认为他说的话离题十万八千里，于是我打断了他11.许多学生因为担心考试而感到紧张，因此没能正常发挥12.他要是动作慢上几秒钟，就会被狗咬成重伤13.参观的客人大量融入，拥挤不堪。
有坐半轮来的，有坐包船来的，还有驾着游艇来的，码头通道上整天挤满了人，不知道有什么好看的1.she left the child to my care2.The young man went for a ride on horseback against the wind and through the rain3.The meeting ended in disagreement4.the river rushed passionately past boulders and over waterfalls5.with a rifle on shoulder,he marched away with the army6.the plan shall be puplicized upon its approval7.the flood drove people to higher groundExercis151.詹尼坐在哪儿，别人说什么她都没听见，她的调羹稳稳搁在稀饭上，眼神朦朦胧胧的，心里在美滋滋地猜吃过饭之后要打开的那个大包里会是什么礼物。
基础英语I Unit 10 课后翻译答案
P221-U101. If they refused to give back these small islands, the two countries would not be able to normalize their diplomatic relations completely.2. I know that it is stupid to give up this opportunity, but I have no other choice /alternative.3. For lack of public support, the White House had to give in at last.4. It be not possible to eliminate drugs all at once/immediately/at one go, but now there are millions of people throughout the world who succeed in kicking the habit of cigarette smoking every year.5. We have already made contact with the representatives of the other side and arranged to meet in Xiamen before long to discuss important issues we are both interested in .6. One day, that new building suddenly gave away /collapsed/fell down, burying many people under it .7. Love requires nourishment from both sides, and true love is in the giving, not in the taking.8. As soon as Grandma’s health improved, she began to give out her belongings to her folks and friends9. It requires perfect honesty on both sides to cultivate a lasting/an enduring friendly relationship.10. It is announced that our economic plan this year has been fulfilled and our domestic/home market has also been flourishing.P225-Unit101. He said again and again that he had come to broaden his horizons.2. Julia says she has neither the time nor the energy for sports after a day’s hard work.3. Sometimes it takes courage to disagree openly with one’s immediate boss.4. Neither the teachers nor the students here believe there is any shortcut in learning English.5. Upon graduation , most college students have two options : either to find a job or to go to graduate school.6. To see all the flood victims properly housed is the relief worker’s number one task at present.7. During my stay in China, I would like you to arrange for me to see some of my old friends.8. In order to prevent the price of houses from going up too fast, the government promised to adopt/launch a series of policies.9. Such interviews are generally conducted either in a hotel or in a café, never in offices.10. They opened a shelter for the city’s homeless to stay overnight in extreme weather conditions.。
大学基础英语4课后翻译
新编大学基础英语综合教程4课后翻译答案UNIT 1Page104. 1.I have offered her a wide range of choices。
我给了她很大的选择范围2.We can’t identify fortune with happiness.幸福和财富不能混为一谈3.People constantly search for better career prospect。
人们总是不断地寻找更好的职业前景4。
Teaching is not a highly rewarding job。
教书酬劳不太高5.Busy work can take one’s mind off family issues。
繁忙的工作总会使人不去想家庭问题Page113.1。
I want to apply for a visa。
我想申请签证2。
It is difficult to speak in public。
当众演讲是很难的3.The old man wishes to go back to his hometown。
这位老人的愿望是回到故乡4。
She covers her face with her hands to conceal her excitement。
或She buries her face in her hands to conceal her excitement.她用手捂着脸来掩饰她的激动情绪5.It would be good to see him again。
能再见到他该多好啊Page125. 1.The police appealed to the crowd not to panic.警方向人群呼吁不要惊慌2.We should assume that he is innocent until he is proven guilty。
要是还没有证实他有罪,我们就得认为他无罪3.His wife's death made him feel vulnerable and depressed.妻子的去世使他感到十分脆弱和消沉4。
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I 课内练习答案第一章翻译理论第一节翻译的基本原理课前活动第一句来自自马克吐温《密西西比河上的生活》。
原文是优美的景物描写。
（见“补充文字材料”。
）译文1没有翻译出原文风格；译文2是百度翻译的，完全不通顺。
译文3较好地做到了信达雅。
第二句来自一篇科普文章。
第一个翻译文白间杂，滥用四字成语，不符合原文的语体风格。
第二个较好地做到了“信达切”，但对kingdom的词义选择有误。
第一二句分别属于不同的genre(体裁)，这就意味两个文本的语体风格不同：第一个语篇为散文语体，第二个语篇为说明文，因此属于不同的register(语域，指因使用场合、对象、领域等不同有不同的语体；语言的具体变体),而语域的不同决定了语言词汇范围选择不同。
散文体使用优美的文字和四字描写成语比较多，而说明文体的语言要求文字严谨、准确、易懂。
通过分析两个源语文本的文体风格，两个语篇的翻译选项谁优谁劣就不难做出选择了。
第三句来自Thomas Henry Huxley 的Evolution and Ethics, 译文1来自2010年的版本《进化论与伦理学》（宋启林等译），译文2来自1896年严复的版本《天演论》。
由于历史的原因，两个版本不存在孰优孰劣。
老师可以借讨论最后一个例子引入严复“信达雅”的翻译标准，并鼓励学生各抒己见。
思考与练习1.翻译的定义五花八门，对它们的归类可以因角度而异。
根据你的阅读积累和思考，对翻译定义还可以如何进行分类？答：翻译定义可以因为翻译的视角、翻译的目的、翻译所涉的领域不同而不同；也可以因为翻译时代的不同而不同以及翻译的诉求不同而不同。
例如，有基于语言层面的定义、超越语言层面的、有交际理论层面的还有艺术层面的等等。
2.请你介绍一两个令你印象最为深刻的翻译定义。
答：美国当代语言学家以翻译理论家和实践家尤金.A.奈达的著名翻译论断：Translation means translating meaning. 这个定义既简练又不简单。
翻译是一种跨语言跨文化的交际活动，交际双方相互达到沟通要把信息传达清楚，就要先要译意，译意就意味着要改变形式，这就是这句定义的核心。
但是改变形式并不等于不要形式，特别是当形式是内容的一部分的时候，译者更需要注意将源语形式表达的语义先搬到译入语中、然后再用译入语的语言形式（词汇结构、语音结构、语法结构）表达出来这个翻译过程的重要性。
3.尤金·奈达将语言符号学的研究成果应用到翻译理论中，并将翻译定义为“Translation means translatingmeaning”。
请指出这里的“meaning”包含哪三个方面的内容。
答：这里的meaning应该包括内容和形式两个部分，即semantic meaning和style两个部分。
4.课外阅读：奈达的社会符号学是如何阐明翻译的实质和指出翻译的目的和任务的？试举例说明。
答：奈达将社会符号学的观点和方法来研究翻译问题，将翻译中的“意义”分为了“指称意义”（语言符号所指向的客观世界，是一种规约意义）、“言内意义”（语言符号与语言符号排列所形成的意义，涉及到语音、词、句子和段落等修辞手段）和“语用意义”（语言符号和使用者之间的关系，即语言在上下文中所产生的意义）。
这就明确了翻译的目的就是翻译文本中这三个层面的意义，从而明确了翻译工作者的任务。
社会符号学被普遍用于商标和广告的翻译之中，产生很多脍炙人口的翻译，例如：Coca-Cola翻译成“可口可乐”既有音译的成分，暗示了指称意义是一种非洲的用于饮料的“植物”，又有很强的言内意义：两个“可”分别对应了原商标中的“头韵”，在音节上也是四个；最后，这个翻译还有很好的语用意义：听到和看到“可口”和“可乐”就会联想到和原词语中一样的好材料做成的饮料。
5. 下面是《江雪》中“千山鸟飞绝，万径人踪灭”的几种译文，谈谈译者分别是怎样兼顾“指称意义”和“言内意义”的。
（1）O’re any hills no birds are seen;In any paths no footprints show. (赵甄陶译)（2）From hill to hill no bird in flight.From path to path no man in sight. (许渊冲译)（3）A hundred mountains and no bird.A thousand paths without a footprint. (Witter Bynner 译)答：原文是五言绝句，“千山”工整对应“万径”、“鸟”工整对应“人”、“飞绝”工整对应“踪灭”；译本一、译本二和译本三都既再现了原文中“千山”、“万径”、“鸟”“人”、“飞绝”、“踪灭”的指称意义，用了hills或mountains、birds、paths 、man、footprint、seen、show、in flight、in sight来表达这些词语所指向的客观世界，同时又在言内意义上用排列工整的介词短语或动词来达到英语句型的同样工整。
6. 译文必须做到忠实与通顺，请指出下面句子的译文不够忠实或通顺的地方并修改。
“Enjoyed” is too mild a word. I walked on air. I really lived.“享受”是太温和的一个字。
我行走在空气中。
我真正地活着。
改译：“享受”_____________________________________________________________“享受”这个词已不足以表达我的心情，我如走在空中飘飘然，我活出了自我。
7. 你能找到一些奈达的符号学翻译法用在文学、广告、影视作品台词等翻译里的例子吗？例如，商标的翻译：Kiss me将这种口红商标的翻译成“骑士美”既保留了原文的音韵美又关照了中国人的文化习惯，语用意义翻译得很成功。
第二节：翻译的基本方法课前活动两个例子中，b为直译，c为意译，a是逐字死译。
有的学生对直译的看法有误，可能会认为a是直译。
老师借此向他们介绍直译和意译的翻译方法。
思考与练习1.什么是直译和意译？直译和死译的区别在哪儿，意译与乱译和胡译的区别在哪儿？试举例说明。
答：直译是翻译中将原语的形式不作改变或不作大的改变的翻译法，意译是翻译时舍弃原文的形式，改作用译入语的形式表达的方法。
直译不等于死译，死译是一种逐字翻译或一种不顾译入语形式的硬翻译，这种硬翻译貌似形式上忠实原文的，可是却不是地道的译入语的用法，让译入语读者读起来佶屈聱牙；而意译也不等于胡译或乱译，在于意译是一种用译入语形式创造性再现原文的内容和形式的翻译法，而胡译或乱译翻译者貌似也发现了不能将原文照搬到译入语之中这个现象，因而也会尝试去改变原文的形式，可是这样的形式改变往往脱离原文的内容因而也改变了原文的语义。
例子见课本。
2.什么是归化与异化？归化与异化和直译与意译的相似点与不同点在哪儿？答：归化主要是指将翻译文本中所涉及的文化因素替换成译入语的文化翻译方法，异化是指翻译中将涉及到原文的文化现象在译入语中保留下来的翻译方法。
归化与异化和直译与意译的区别在于归化与异化主要是针对翻译中所涉及的文化的处理方法，而直译与意译主要是指在翻译中针对语言形式所采用的方法。
3.请指出电视剧《生活大爆炸》中应用的归化翻译法成功在哪儿。
答：在于用了归化翻译法，而且用了很多时下很流行的网络语言，很符合中国年轻人的口味。
4.杨宪益英文版的《红楼梦》与霍克斯版的《红楼梦》在翻译方法上有什么不同？各自的翻译目的是什么？答：杨宪益夫妇用的是直译和异化，其目的是传播原汁原味的中国文化，保持中国对于英美国家的异国情调；大卫霍克斯用的是译意和归化，其目的是关照译入语读者，让译文的可读性更强。
5. 请将以下的词组翻译成汉语，根据需要使用直译或意译的方法：(1) pillar industry答：支柱产业（直译）(2) Wet paint!答：油漆未干（意译）(3) Exporting to a certain number of countries is made difficult by the quantity of red tape.答：政府部门的繁文缛节使得向某些国家的出口贸易困难重重。
（意译）6. 翻译时应将文化因素纳入考虑，不可望文生义。
请判断以下译文中哪个才是正确的？(1)b (2)b (3) b (4) b (5)b第三节汉英语比较课前活动1.你有种，我要给你点颜色瞧瞧。
译文一：You have seed. I will give you some color see see.译文二：You have guts. I will teach you a lesson.此例翻译涉及俗语。
译文一是典型的死译，仅仅从汉英词典里机械照搬字面对应的词语（注意：只是字面对应，并非意义对应），丝毫不顾及译入语的语法，来自非汉语文化背景的译文读者只能是一头雾水，无法领会整句话要表达的真实意思。
译文二使用了表达相应含义的英语俗语，虽然没有seed/color之类的词语，却真正起到了桥梁和沟通的作用。
2.七八个星天外，两三点雨山前。
Beyond the clouds seven or eight stars twinkle;Before the hills two or three raindrops sparkle.从词汇上看，此例显示汉英两种语言的名词在单复数方面的差异。
英语可数名词有单复数形式之别，汉语名词则没有。
故而“星”“雨”“天”“山”分别译为stars, raindrops, clouds, hills. 从句法上看，主语“七八个星”加上地点状语“天外”就可以构成一个竹型结构的汉语句子；但是在英语译文中需要加入动词twinkle充当谓语，才是一个符合树形结构要求的英语句子。
3. It was understood that atoms were the smallest elements. It is known that atoms are further divided into nuclei and electrons, neutrons and protons, etc.以前人们认为原子是最小的元素，现在才知道原子还可以分为原子核与电子、中子与质子等。
从语态上看，此例显示在陈述客观事实时，英语句子多采用被动语态，而汉语句子则倾向使用主动语态，并搭配表示泛指的主语，如“人们”、“大家”等。
从动词和时态上看，英语句子可以通过be动词的形式随时态的改变来展示今昔对比，如”is” 和”was”；汉语的动词形式不因时态而变化，所以需要通过添加时间状语“以前”和“现在”来明确时态，以便今昔对比。