初中英语综合能力测试

八年级英语综合能力测试注意：本试卷有五个部分，共100道题目和一篇作文（共12面）。

答题时间180分钟，共180分。

所以，请同学们掌握好答题的速度和质量。

并请将答案填写在“答题卡”的相应位置。

相信同学们一定会取得满意的成绩！祝你成功！第一部分：阅读理解阅读下面的五篇短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并填写在答题卷的相应位置。

本部分共有20小题，共40分。

AShopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something. His purpose is settled and decided in advance. He knows what he wants, and his objective is to find it and buy it; the price is a secondary consideration. All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it in stock, the salesman promptly produces it, and the business of trying it on follows at once. All being well, the deal can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly any chat and to everyone's satisfaction.For a man, slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants, or does not have exactly what he wants. In that case the salesman, as the name implies, tries to sell the customer something else, he offers the nearest he can to the article required. No good salesman brings out such a substitute impolitely; he does so with skill: “I know this jacket is not the style you want, sir, but would you like to try it for size? It happens to be the color you mentio ned.” Few men have patience with this treatment, and the usual response is: “This is the right color and may be the right size, but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on.”Now how does a woman go about buying clothes? In almost every respect she does so in the opposite way. Her shopping is not often based on need. She has never fully made up her mind what she wants, and she is only “having a look round”. She is always open to persuasion; indeed she sets great store bywhat the saleswoman tells her, even by what companions tell her. She will try on any number of things. Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her. Contrary to a lot of jokes, most women have an excellent sense of value when they buy clothes. They are always on the lockout for the unexpected bargain. Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spendan hour going from one rail to another, to and fro, often retracing her steps, before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It is a laborious process, but apparently an enjoyable one. Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands. 1.The passage mainly talks about ________.A. differences between men and women shoppersB. A man goes shopping because he needs somethingC. How women go about buying clothes.D. Women are better at shopping than men2.The underlined sentence “the price is a secondary consideration”in the first paragraph means when a man is shopping ________.A. he buys good quality things, so long as they are not too dearB. he buys whatever he likes without considering its valueC. he does not mind how much he has to pay for the right thingsD. he often buy things without giving the matter proper thought.3. What does a man do when he can not get exactly what he wants?A. He buys a similar thing because of the color he wants.B. He usually does not buy anything.C. At least two of his requirements must be met before he buys.D. So long as the style is right, he buys the thing.4.What is the most obvious difference between men and women shoppers?A. Men do not try clothes on in a shop while women do.B. Women bargain for their clothes, but men do not.C. The time they take over buying clothes.D. Men go shopping based on need, but women never.BMillions of women use cosmetics, often called “make-up”. The cosmetics industry is one of the biggest in the world. Most large stores sell cosmetics, and there are always shops at airports selling them cheaply.The word “cosmetics” refers to anything that people put on their faces to make them look better. Lipstick, face powder and cream, and eye make-up are the most popular. Although more women than men use cosmetics, there are cosmetics for men as well as women.Some people even have cosmetic surgery to make their faces look different. They have the shape of their noses and eyes changed.The most widely used cosmetic is probably lipstick, as many women who do not wear any other make-up will often put on a little lipstick.Lipstick is made by mixing together different oils and colors. This mixture is then allowed to get hard and is cut into the shape of a small pencil. When a woman presses the lipstick to her lips, the end of it becomes soft, and some of it sticks to her lips, giving them extra color.Cosmetics were probably first used in India, but it was the Egyptians, six thousand years ago, who made the most use of them. Rich Egyptian women painted their eyes green and black. They used a red color to paint pretty designs on their fingernails, the palms of their hands and the soles of their feet. Pictures of Cleopatra always show her wearing a lot of make-up.The Romans also used cosmetics. They liked to make their skin very white and to paint their eyes. They also used a kind of lipstick.In England at one time, very rich women had baths in milk to make their skin beautiful. They also useda lot of sweet-smelling powder to stop people smelling their bodies, which were often very dirty because they did not wash very often or change their clothes.At one time, some cosmetics were not safe. They were bad for the skin, and some of the lipsticks and powders that people used were even poisonous. Nowadays, people in the cosmetics industry take great care to make sure that everything they use is completely safe.5. What does the word “Cosmetics” refer to ________.A. lipstickB. make-upC. creamsD. surgery6.According to the passage people use cosmetics ________.A. only at airportsB. only to color their feetC. to make themselves look betterD. instead of surgery7. From the passage we know that in earlier times ________.A. cosmetics were never used in milk bathsB. cosmetics were never used on the eyesC. cosmetics were never used on the skinD. sometimes cosmetics were harmful to the skin8. Which of the following statements is true?A. In order to make their faces look different some people even have cosmetic surgery.B. In England, women have baths in milk to make their skin beautiful.C. Cosmetics were probably first used by the Egyptians six thousand years ago.D. Not all cosmetics are safe so we should be careful to use them.CThe impression you make at the beginning of an interview is very important. Employers often decide to hire someone in the first three minutes of the interview. They judge you by your appearance, attitude and manners.A friendly smile when you walk into the room is important. A smile shows a confident and positive attitude.When you introduce yourself, make eyes contact with the interviewer. Some interviewers offer a hand??shake. Others don't.Try to be as natural as possible. But pay attention to your body language. The way you sit, walk, gesture, use your voice and show feeling on your face are all parts of your body language. It makes the interviewer know how you feel about yourself and the situation you are in. Are you feeling positive about yourself? Your abilities? Your interest in the job?Speak clearly and loudly enough. Show interest and enthusiasm in your voice. When you speak, look at the interviewer. Also don't say negative things about yourself, or former employers.Listen to questions carefully. If you don't understand a question, ask the interviewer to repeat or explain."I'm sorry, but I didn't catch that.""I'm not sure exactly what you mean."Almost everyone is nervous in a job interview. Interviewers know that. They don't expect you to be totally calm and relaxed. But they expect you to try to control your nervousness. They expect you to show confidence in your ability to do the job.At the end of the interview, thank the interviewer for her or him. It's a good idea to send a short thank-you letter right after the interview, or deliver it by hand.Phone the company if you have not heard anything after one week. Ask if they have make a decision about the job.9.It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A. you should always put on a smile when meeting the employerB. you should stand still with respect before the employerC. the first impression is very important in an interviewD. employers understand and like employees' nervousness10. Why should we pay attention to our body language?A. Because it can help us win the employer's positive impression.B. Because it can help us feel about the employer.C. Because it is needed by our employer.D. Because we need it to improve our feeling.11.The main purpose of the passage is ________.A. to give you some advice on the art of finding a jobB. to tell from wrong about job interviewsC. to explain why we should do something about an interviewD. to suggest not being shy in an interview12.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. A Friendly SmileB. Making a Good ImpressionC. Don't Be NervousD. Sending a Thank-You LetterDIn a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan,a country of high academic achievement and economic success,for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction.In one investigation, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents listed "to give children a good start academically" as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices.Toprepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond,Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to function as a member of a group. The majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.In the recent comparison of Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reasons for asociety to have preschools. 62 percent of the more individually oriented Americans listed group experience as one of their top three choices. An emphasis on the importance of the group seen in Japanese early childhoodeducation continues into elementary school education.Like in America, there is diversity in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools.Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children's chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens.13.We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe ________.A. Japanese parents pay more attention to preschool education than American parentsB. Japan's economic success is a result of its scientific achievementsC. Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic in??structionD. Japan's higher education is better than theirs14.Most American respondents believe that preschools should also attach importance to ________.A. problem solvingB. group experienceC. parental guidanceD. individually oriented development15. In Japan's preschool education, the focus is on ________.A. preparing children academicallyB. developing children's artistic interestsC. tapping children's potentialD. shaping children's character16. Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?A. They can do better in their future studies.B. They can gain more group experience there.C. They can be individually oriented when they grow up.D. They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education.EThe question of what children learn, and how they should learn, is continually being debated and redebated. Nobody dares any longer to defend the old system, the learning of lessons parrot-fashion, the grammar-with-a-whip system, which was good enough for our grandparents. The theories of modem psychology have stepped in to argue that we must understand the need of children. Children are not just small adults; they are children who must be respected as much.Well, you may say, this is as it should be, a good idea. But think further. What happens? "Education" becomes the responsibility not of teachers, but of psychologists. What happens then?Teachersworry too much about the psychological implications of their lessons,and forget about the subjects themselves.If a child dislikes a lesson, the teacher feels that it is his fault, not the child's. So teachers worry whether history is "relevant" to modern young children.And do they dare to recount stories about violence? Or will this make the children themselves violent? Can they tell their classes about children of different races,or will this encourage racial hatred? Why teach children to write grammatical sentences? Verbal expression is better. Sums? Arithmetic? No: Real-life mathematical situations are more understandable.You see, you can go too far. Influenced by educational theorists, who have nothing better to do than to write books about their ideas, teachers leave their teacher-training colleges filled with grand, psychological ideas about children and their needs. They make elaborate, sophisticated preparations and try out their "modem methods"on the long-suffering children. Since one "modem method " rapidly replaces another the poor kids will have had a good bellyful by the time they leave school. Frequently the modem methods are so sophisticated that they fail to be understood by the teachers, let alone the children; even more often, the relaxed discipline so essential for the " informal" feelings the class must have, prevents all but a handful of children from learning anything.17. People do not dare defend the old system mainly because under the old system________.A. too much grammar was taught to childrenB. children were spoiledC. children were treated as grown-upsD. children were made to learn passively18.What view do the modem psychologists hold?A. Children must be understood and respected.B. Children are small adults and know what they need.C. Children are better off without learning lessons.D. Education of children is the responsibility of psychologists.19. What happens when teachers pay too much attention to the psychology of their lessons?A. They find that the children dislike the lessons.B. They tend to blame students for their failure.C. They do not pay enough attention to the actual lessons.D. They no longer want to teach children history.20.Grammatical sentences are regarded as unimportant because ________.A. it is better to use verbs onlyB. words are said out of natural feelings onlyC. talking freely and naturally without sentences is a better form of expressionD. it is felt that formal grammar rules might cause unnatural expressions第二部分：完型填空阅读下面的两篇短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。