(完整)初中宾语从句讲解及练习.doc

宾语从句

在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。它在句中可以充当及物动词、介词或形容词的并与。宾语从句的三大考点即：引导词、时态和语序。

一、宾语从句的引导词

1.that 引导的宾语从句

当宾语从句是陈述句时，用连接词that 引导， that 在口语、非正式文体中常被省略。

He says(that) he has been to Shanghai twice.他说他去过上海两次。

She said (that) she went to the park last week. 她说她上周去公园了。

2.特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句

当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，特殊疑问词就是引导词。特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句疑问

词不可省略。

Could you please tell me where we will have a meeting? 你能告诉我们将在哪儿开会

吗？

I wondered what I should do next. 我想知道下一步该做什么。

3. if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句

（ 1）当宾语从句由一般疑问句变来时，要用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。If和只起到连接作用，不充当句子成分，一般情况下可互换，但if常用于口语中，常用于正式文体中。whether whether

I want to know if /whether he is waiting for me.我想知道他是否在等我。

Could you tell me if /whether you have been to Australia?你能告诉我你是否去过澳

大利亚吗？

（2）下列情况下一般只能用 whether：①

与 or not 连用时

I don’ t know whether he likes the movie or not我.不知道他喜不喜欢这部电影。

②作介词的宾语时

Everything depends on whether we have enough time. 一切取决于我们是否有足够的

时间。

③放在不定式前，与不定式组成词组时

She hasn ’ t decided whether to go or not她.还没决定去还是不去。

④作 discuss 等词的宾语时

We discussed whether we should close the shop.我们讨论了是否该关闭那家商店。二、宾语从句的时态

（1）如果主句是一般现在时，宾语从句可用其所需的任何时态。

He says (that) he has seen this film. 他说他已经看过这部电影了。

He says (that) he is watching TV. 他说他正在看电视。

（2）如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句常用过去的某种时态。

He said they would go to Hainan winter holiday.他说他们将去海南度假。

She didn’ t know if they had seen the movie她.不知道他们是否看过那部电影了。

注意：

如果从句的内容表示的是客观真理或不可改变的自然现象等，虽然主句用了过去时态，

从句仍然用一般现在时。

The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转动。

The teacher said light travels faster than sound. 老师说光比声音传播得快。

三、宾语从句的语序

当宾语从句是疑问句时，要用陈述语序。

What’ s his father’ s他name?父亲叫什么名字？

I don’ t know what his father’我s不name知道is?他父亲叫什么名字？

When will they leave for Shanghai? 你们什么时候去上海？

Can you tell me when they will leave for Shanghai?你能告诉我他们什么时候去上海吗？

四、宾语从句的否定转移

当宾语从句表示否定意义时，如果主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think, believe, suppose,

expect 等词时，通常将否定转移到主句的谓语动词中。

I don’ t believe he will come我.相信他不会来了。

I don’ t think there is anything wrong with the radio我.认为这台收音机没有毛病。

注意：

1.当宾语从句的否定转移时，若主句的主语是第一人称，则该句的反意思疑问句由从句来

决定。

I don ’ t think he is an honest boy, is he我?认为他不是一个诚实的孩子，对吗？

2.若主句的主语不是第一人称，则该句的反意疑问句由主句来决定。

You believe he will come here soon, don 你相’信他tyou很快?就会来这儿，不是吗？

练习

一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。

1. These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.

He said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong.

2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.

My teacher told me _____ light _______ faster than sound.

3. There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn ’ t know.

Jack didn ’ t know _____ there _____ ____ a meeting in five days.

4. Can they speak French? I want to know.

I want to know ______ _______ _______ _______ French.

5. Are the children playing games? Tell me.

Tell me ______ the children ______ ______ games.

6. Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang.

Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang ____ _____ ____ ____ ___ homework yet.

7. How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?

Who knows ______ _____ _____ ____ _____ ______ in the picture?

8.Where did she park her car? Do you know?

Do you know _____ _____ ____ her car?

9.What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.

10. Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don’ t know.

I don’ t know ____ _______ at the door so loudly.

11.Does he still live in that street? I don't know.

I don't know ______ he still _______ in that street.

12.What's his name? I asked him.

I asked him what _____ _____ _____.

13.When does the train arrive? Please tell me.

Please tell me ________ _________ ________ _________.