初中英语现在完成时考点分析及专项训练

初中英语现在完成时考点分析及专项训练

【考点分析】

考点一：考查基本概念

例：Both his parents look sad .Maybe they______what's happened to him .

A．knew B．have known C．must know D．will know

【解析】现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是B。

考点二：考查时间状语

例1：He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?

A．already B．never C．ever D．still

例2：Have you met Mr Li ______？

A．just B．ago C．before D．a moment ago

例3：The famous writer _____ one new book in the past

two year .

A．is writing B．was writing C．wrote D．has written

例4：-Our country ______ a lot so far .

-Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .

A．has changed; well B．changed; good

C．has changed; better D．changed; better

例5：Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for

two years .

A．was; studying B．will; study C．has; studied D．are; studying

例6：We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl.

A．know B．had known C．have known D．knew

例7：Harry Potter is a very nice film.I______it twice .

A．will see B．have seen C．saw D．see

【解析】现在完成时的时间状语常有如下四类：

（1）现在完成时常与already（已经）just（刚刚，正好）ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；从不）before（以前）yet（仍然）等连用。故例1应选B；例2应选C。

（2）现在完成时常与recently（近来），so far（到目前为止），in the past/"last + 一段时间"等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。故例3应选D，例4应选C。

（3）现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用（含从句，从句过去时）。故例5应选C，例6应选C。

（4）现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），three times（三次），several times（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。故例7应选B。

考点三：考查与一般过去时的区别

例1：-These farmers have been to the United States .

-Really ? When _____ there ?

A．will they go B．did they go

C．do they go D．have they gone

例2：-______ you ___ your homework yet ?

-Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .

A．Did; do; finished B．Have; done; finished

C．Have; done; have finished D．will; do; finish

【解析】现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作,它不与表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday,last week,a moment ago等）连用。故例1、2的正确答案皆为B。

考点四：考查非延续性动词的用法

例1：His father ______ the Party since 1978 .

A．joined B．has joined C．was in D．has been in

例2：-Do you know him well ?

- Sure.We _________friends since ten years ago .

A．were B．have been C．have become D．have made

例3：-How long have you ____ here ?

-About two months .

A．been B．gone C．come D．arrived

例4：Hurry up!The play __________ for ten minutes .

A．has begun B．had begun

C．has been on D．began

例5：His uncle died two years ago.（改变句子,句意不变）

His uncle has _______ for two years

例6：Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）

Her mother_______the Party three years ________ .

例7：It _____ten years since he left the army .

A．is B．has C．will D．was

【解析】现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用,通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。常用的非延续性动词及替代形式如下：

close-→be closed, put on→wear, open-→be open

get up-→be up, finish/end→be over, lose-→belost,

marry-→be married（to），

fall asleep/ go to sleep -→be asleep （sleep）,

get to know-→know come/arrive-→be here/in ,

come/get back-→be back , go/leave-be away , become -→be, borrow -→keep ,

buy-→have , begin/start-→be on ,

die-→be dead , join-→be in…，

catch a cold-→have a cold等，故例1、2、3、4的正确答案依次为：D、B、A、C。例5应填been dead 。其次，可以用相应的延续性动词的过去时表示，故例6应填joined；ago。再次，还可用"It is + 一段时间＋since从句"来表示，故例７应选A。

考点五：考查词组have/has been in / to与have/has gone to的区别

例1：Miss Green isn't in the office.she______to the library .

A．has gone B．went C．will go D．has been

例2：My parents ______Shandong for ten years .

A．have been in B．have been to

C．have gone to D．have been