2000年至2006年全部托福考试作文考题汇总
(作文)2000年-2006年四六级作文真题总结
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历年托福考试写作真题汇总
1. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television, newspapers, magazines, and other media pay too much attention to the personal lives of famous people such as public figures and celebrities. 2. Some people believe that the Earth is being harmed (damaged) by human activity. Others feel that human activity makes the Earth a better place to live. What is your opinion? 3. Some people spend their entire lives in one place. Others move a number of times throughout their lives, looking for a better job, house, community, or even climate. Which do you prefer: staying in one place or moving in search of another place? 4. Is it better to enjoy your money when you earn it or is it better to save your money for some time in the future? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion. 5. You have received a gift of money. The money is enough to buy either a piece of jewelry you like or tickets to a concert you want to attend. Which would you buy? 6. Businesses should hire employees for their entire lives. Do you agree or disagree? 7. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Attending a live performance (for example, a play, concert, or sporting event) is more enjoyable than watching the same event on television. 8. Choose one of the following transportation vehicles and explain why you think it has changed people‘s lives. (1) automobiles (2) bicycles (3) airplanes 9. Do you agree or disagree that progress is always good? 10. Learning about the past has no value for those of us living in the present. Do you agree or disagree? 11. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? With the help of technology, students nowadays can learn more information and learn it more quickly. 12. The expression “never, never give up” means to keep trying and never stop working for your goals. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? 13. Some people think that human needs for farmland, housing, and industry are more important than saving land for endangered animals. Do you agree or disagree with this point of view? Why or why not? 14. What is a very important skill a person should learn in order to be successful in the world today? Choose one skill and use specific reasons and examples to support your choice. 15. Why do you think some people are attracted to dangerous sports or other dangerous activities? 16. Some people like to travel with a companion. Other people prefer to travel alone. Which do you prefer? 17. Some people prefer to get up early in the morning and start the day‘s work. Others prefer to get up later in the day and work until late at night. Which do you prefer? 18. What are the important qualities of a good son or daughter? Have these qualities changed or remained the same over time in your culture? 19. Some people prefer to work for a large company. Others prefer to work for a small company. Which would you prefer? Use specific reasons and details to support your choice. 20. People work because they need money to live. What are some other reasons that people work? Discuss one or more of these reasons. 21. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Face-to-face communication is better than other types of communication, such as letters, email, or telephone calls. 22. Some people like to do only what they already do well. Other people prefer to try new things and take risks. Which do you prefer? 23. Some people believe that success in life comes from taking risks or chances. Others believe that success results from careful planning. In your opinion, what does success come from? 24. What change would make your hometown more appealing to people your age? 25. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The most important aspect of a job is the money a personearns. 26. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? One should never judge a person by external appearances. 27. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? A person should never make an important decision alone. 28. A company is going to give some money either to support the arts or to protect the environment. Which do you think the company should choose? 29. Some movies are serious, designed to make the audience think. Other movies are designed primarily to amuse and entertain. Which type of movie do you prefer? 30. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Businesses should do anything they can to make a profit. 31. Some people are always in a hurry to go places and get things done. Other people prefer to take their time and live life at a slower pace. Which do you prefer? 32. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Games are as important for adults as they are for children. 33. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents or other adult relatives should make important decisions for their older (15 to 18 year-old) teenage children. 34. What do you want most in a friend ?someone who is intelligent, or someone who has a sense of humor, or someone who is reliable? 35. Which one of these characteristics is most important to you? 36. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Most experiences in our lives that seemed difficult at the time become valuable lessons for the future. 37. Some people prefer to work for themselves or own a business. Others prefer to work for an employer. Would you rather be self-employed, work for someone else, or own a business? 38. Should a city try to preserve its old, historic buildings or destroy them and replace them with modern buildings? 39. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Classmates are a more important influence than parents ona child‘s success in school. 40. If you were an employer, which kind of worker would you prefer to hire: an inexperienced worker at a lower salary or an experienced worker at a higher salary? 41. Many teachers assign homework to students every day. Do you think that daily homework is necessary for students? 42. If you could study a subject that you have never had the opportunity to study, what would you choose? 43. Some people think that the automobile has improved modern life. Others think that the automobile has caused serious problems. What is your opinion? 44. Which would you choose: a high-paying job with long hours that would give you little time with family and friends or a lower-paying job with shorter hours that would give you more time with family and friends? 45. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Grades (marks) encourage students to learn. 46. Some people say that computers have made life easier and more convenient. Other people say that computers have made life more complex and stressful. What is your opinion? 47. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The best way to travel is in a group led by a tour guide. 48. Some universities require students to take classes in many subjects. Other universities require students to specialize in one subject. Which is better? 49. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Children should begin learning a foreign language as soon as they start school. 50. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Boys and girls should attend separate schools. 51. Is it more important to be able to work with a group of people on a team or to work independently? 52. Your city has decided to build a statue or monument to honor a famous person in your country. Who would you choose? 53. Describe a custom from your country that you would like people from other countries to adopt. Explain your choice,using specific reasons and examples. 54. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Technology has made the world a better place to live. 55. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Advertising can tell you a lot about a country. 56. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Modern technology is creating a single world culture. 57. Some people say that the Internet provides people with a lot of valuable information. Others think access to so much information creates problems. Which view do you agree with? 58. A foreign visitor has only one day to spend in your country. Where should this visitor go on that day? Why? 59. If you could go back to some time and place in the past, when and where would you go? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your choice. 60. What discovery in the last 100 years has been most beneficial for people in your country? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice. 61. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Telephones and email have made communication between people less personal. 62. If you could travel back in time to meet a famous person from history, what person would you like to meet? 63. If you could meet a famous entertainer or athlete, who would that be, and why? 64. If you could ask a famous person one question, what would you ask? Why?f i d = " 1 3 3 " > 0 0 6 5 . S o m e p e o p l e p r e f e r t o l i v e i n p l a c e s t h a t h a v e t h e s a m e w e a t h e r o r c l i m a t e a l l y e a r l o ng . O th e r s li k e t o l i v e i n a r e a s w h e r e t h e w e a t h e r c h a n g e s s e v e r a l t i m e s a y e a r . W h i c h d o y o u p r e f e r ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 4 " > 0 0 6 6 . M a n y s t u d e n t s h a v e t o l i v e w i t h r o o m m a t e s w h i l e g o i n g t o s c h o o l o r u n i v e r s i t y . W h a t a r e s o m e o f t h e i m p o r t a n t q u a l i t i e s o f a g o o d r o o m m a t e ? U s e s p e c i f i c r e a s o n s a n d e x a m p l e s t o e x p l a i n w h y t h e s e q u a l i t i e s a r e i m p o r t a n t . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 5 " > 0 0 6 7 . D o y o u a g r e e o r d i s a g r e e w i t h t h e f o l l o w i n g s t a t e m e n t ? D a n c i n g p l a y s a n i m p o r t a n t r o l e i n a c u l t u r e . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 6 " > 0 0 6 8 . P e o p l e h a v e d i f f e r e n t w a y s o f e s c a p i n g t h e s t r e s s a n d d i f f i c u l t i e s o f m o d e r n l i f e . S o m e r e a d ; s o m e e x e r c i s e ; o t h e r s w o r k i n t h e i r g a r d e n s . W h a t d o y o u t h i n k a r e t h e b e s t w a y s o f r e d u c i n g s t r e s s ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 13 7 " > 0 0 6 9 . D o y o u a g r e e o r d i s a g r e e w i t h t h e f o l l o w i n g s t a t e m e n t ? T e a c h e r s s h o u l d b e p a id a c c o r d i n g t o h o w m u c h t he i r s t u d e n t s l e a r n . / p > p b d sf i d = " 1 3 8 " > 0 0 7 0 . I n y o u r o p i n i o n , w h a t i s t h e m o s t i m p o r t a n t c h a r a c t e r i s t i c ( f o r e x a m p l e , h o n e s t y , i n t e l l ig e n c e , a s e n s e o fh u m o r ) t h a t a p e r s o n c a n h a v e t o b e s u c c e s s f u li n l i f e ? ( n o t l i m i t e d t o t h e e x a m p l e s l i s t e d i n t h e q u e s t i o n . ) / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 9 " > 0 0 7 1 . P e o p l e l e a r n i n d i f f e r e n t w a y s . S o m e p e o p l e l e a r n b y d o i n g t h i n g s ; o t h e r p e o p l e l e a r n b y r e a d i n g a b o u t t h i n g s ; o t h e r s l e a r n b y l i s t e n i n g t o p e o p l e t a l k a b o u t t h i n g s . W h i c h o f t h e s e m e t h o d s o f l e a r n i n g i s b e s t f o r y o u ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 40 " > 0 0 7 2 . D e c i s i o n s c a n b e m a d e q u i c k l y , o r t h e y c a n b e m a d e a f t e r c a r e f u l t h o u g h t . D o y o ua g r e e o r d i s a g r e e w i t h t h e f o l l o w i n g s t a t e m e n t ? T h e d e c i s i o n s t h a t p e o p l e m a k e q u i c k l y a r e a l w a y s w r o n g . / p > pb d s f i d = " 1 4 1 " > 0 0 7 3 . D o y o u a g r e e o r d i s a g r e e w i t h t h e f o l l o w i n g s t a t e m e n t ? A l l s t u d e n t s s h o u l d b e r e q u i r e d t o s t u d y a r t a n d m u s ic i n s e c o nd a r y s c h o o l . b r b d s f i d = " 1 4 2 " > 0 7 4 . I f y o u c o u l d i n ve n t s o m e t h i n g n e w , w h a t p r o d u c t w o u l d y o u d e v e l o p ? U s e s p e c if i c d e t a i l s t o e x p l a i n w h y t h i s i n v e n t i o n i s n e e d e d . b r b d s f i d = " 1 4 3 " > 0 0 7 5 . P l a n t s c a n p r o v i d e f o o d , s h e l t e r , c l o t h i ng , o r m e d i c i n e . Wh a ti s o n e k i n d o f p l a n t t h a t i s i m p o r t a n t t o y o u o r t h e p e o p l e i n y o u r c o u n t r y ? U s e s p e c i f i c r e a s o n s a n d d e t a i l s t o e x p l a i n y o u r c h o i c e . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 4 " > 0 0 7 6 . T h e t w e n t i e t h c e n t u r y s a w g r e a t c h a n g e . I n y o u r o p i n i o n , w h a t i s o n e c h a n g e t h a t s h o u l d b e r e m e m b e r e d a b o u t t h e t w e n t i e t h c e n t u r y ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 5 " > 0 0 7 7 . I s t h e a b i l i t y t o r e a d a n d w r i t e m o r e i m p o r t a n t t o d a y t h a n i n t h e p a s t ? W h y o r w h y n o t ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 6 " > 0 0 7 8 . P e o p l e d o m a n y d i f f e r e n t t h i n g s t o s t a y h e a l t h y . W h a t d o y o u d o f o r g o o d h e a l t h ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 7 " > 0 0 7 9 . Y o u h a v e d e c i d e d t o g i v e s e v e r a l h o u r s o f y o u r t i m e e a c h m o n t h t o i m p r o v e t h e c o m m u n i t y w h e r e y o u l i v e . W h a t i s o n e t h i n g y o u w i l l d o t o i m p r o v e y o u r c o m m u n i t y ? W h y ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 8 " > 0 0 8 0 . P e o p l e r e c o g n i z e a d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n c h i l d r e n a n d a d u l t s . W h a t e v e n t s ( e x p e r i e n c e s o r c e r e m o n i e s ) m a k e a p e r s o n a n a d u l t ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 9 " > 0 0 8 1 . P e o p l e l i s t e n t o m u s i c f o r d i f f e r e n t r e a s o n s a n d a t d i f f e r e n t t i m e s . W h y i s m u s i c i m p o r t a n t t o m a n y p e o p l e ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 0 " > 0 0 8 2 . G r o u p s o r o r g a n i z a t i o n s a r e a n i m p o r t a n t p a r t o f s o m e p e o p l e s l i v e s . W h y a r e g r o u p s o r o r g a n i z a t i o n s i m p o r t a n t t o p e o p l e ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 1 " > 0 0 8 3 . I m a g i n e t h a t y o u a r e p r e p a r i n g f o r a t r i p . Y o u p l a n t o b e a w a y f r o m y o u r h o m e f o r a y e a r . I n a d d i t i o n t o c l o t h i n g a n d p e r s o n a l c a r e i t e m s , y o uc a n t a k e o n e ad d i t i o n a l t h i n g . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 2 " > 0 0 8 4 . W he n s t u d e n t s m o v e t o a n e w s c h o o l , t h e y s o m e t i m e sf a c e p r o b l e m s . H o w c a n s c h o o l s h e l p t h e s e s t u d e n t s w i t h t h e i r p r o b l e m s ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 3 " > 0 0 8 5 . S o m e s t u d e n t s l i k e c l a s s e s w h e r e t e a c h e r s l e c t u r e ( d o a l l o f t h e t a l k i ng ) i n c l a s s . O th e r s t u d e n t s p r e f e r c l a s s e s w h e r e t h e s t u d e n t s d o s o m e o f t h e t a l ki n g . W h i c h t y p e o f c l a s s d o y o u p r e f e r ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 4 " > 0 0 8 6 . H o l i d a y s h o n o r p e o p l e o r e v e n t s . I f y o u c o u l d c r e a t e a n e w h o l i d a y , w h a t p e r s o n o r e v e n t w o u l d i t h o n o r a n d h o w w o u l d y o u w a n t p e o p l e t o c e l e b r a t e i t ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 5 " > 0 0 8 7 . T h e 2 1 s t c e n t u r y h a s b e g u n . W h a t c h a n g e s d o y o u t h i n k t h i s n e w c e n t u r y w i l l b r i n g ? U s e e x a m p l e s a n d d e t a i l s i n y o u r a n s w e r . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 6 " > 0 0 8 8 . W h a t a r e s o m e o f t h e q u a l i t i e s o f a g o o d p a r e n t ? U s e s p e c i f i c d e t a i l s a n d e x a m p l e s t o e x p l a i n y o u r a n s w e r . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 7 " > 0 0 8 9 . M o v i e s a r e p o p u l a r a l l o v e r t h e w o r l d . E x p l a i n w h y m o v i e s a r e s o p o p u l a r . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 8 " > 0 0 9 0 . I n y o u r c o u n t r y , i s t h e r e m o r e n e e d f o r l a n d t o b e l e f t i n i t s n a t u r a l c o n d i t i o n o r i s t h e r e m o r e n e e d f o r l a n d t o b e d e v e l o p e d f o r h o u s i n g a n d i n d u s t r y ? U s e s p e c i f i c r e a s o n s a n d e x a m p l e s t o s u p p o r t y o u r a n s w e r . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 9 " > / p > / d i v > / d i v > d i v b d s f i d = " 1 6 0 " > i f r a m e w i d t h = " 6 4 0 " f r a m e b o r d e r = " 0 " h e i g h t = " 3 0 0 " s c r o l l i n g = " n o " s r c = " / / p o s . b a i d u . c o m / s ? w i d = 6 4 0 &a m p ; h e i = 3 0 0 &a m p ; d i = u 4 9 1 5 4 9 3 &a m p ; s 1 = 2 3 5 6 4 7 4 7 1 7 &a m p ; s 2 = 3 6 2 7 9 2 7 1 &a m p ; l t u = h t t p s % 3 A % 2 F % 2 F m . 5 1 t e s t . n e t % 2 F s h o w % 2 F 4 7 5 5 0 . h t m l &a m p ; t r = 1 6 4 3 0 7 4 5 2 7 &a m p ; m t = 3 6 1 1 1 5 f e 5 d 6 b 9 5 4 c &a m p ; d c = 3 &a m p ; t i = % E 5 % 8 E % 8 6 % E 5 % B 9 % B 4 % E 6 % 8 9 % 9 8 % E 7 % A 6 % 8 F % E 8 % 8 0 % 8 3 % E 8 % A F % 9 5 % E 5 % 8 6 % 9 9 % E 4 % B D % 9 C % E 7 % 9 C % 9 F % E 9 % A 2 % 9 8 % E 6 % B 1 % 8 7 % E 6 % 8 0 % B B &a m p ; p s = 8 6 7 2 x 4 8 0 &a m p ; d r s = 4 &a m p ; p c s = 1 6 0 0 x 1 6 0 0 &a m p ; p s s = 1 6 0 0 x 9 8 2 3 &a m p ; c f v = 0 &a m p ; c p l = 0 &a m p ; c h i = 2 &a m p ; c c e = t r u e &a m p ; c e c = G B K &a m p ; t l m = 1 6 4 0 9 2 3 7 8 2 &a m p ; p s r = 1 6 0 0 x 1 6 0 0 &a m p ; p a r = 1 6 0 0 x 1 6 0 0 &a m p ; p i s = - 1 x - 1 &a m p ; c c d = 2 4 &a m p ; cj a = f a l s e &a m p ; c m i = 0 &a m p ; c o l = z h - C N &a m p ; c d o = - 1 &a m p ; t c n = 1 6 4 3 0 7 4 5 2 6 &a m p ; d t m = H T M L _ P O S T &a m p ; t p r = 1 6 4 3 0 7 4 5 2 6 1 7 4 &a m p ; a r i = 2 &a m p ; a n t = 0 &a m p ; p s i = 8 7 2 c 9 2 7 1 7 1 f 6 8 2 c 6 &a m p ; e x p s = 1 1 0 2 5 7 , 1 1 0 0 0 9 , 1 1 1 0 0 0 , 1 1 0 0 1 1 &a m p ; p r o t = 2 &a m p ; d i s = 0 &a m p ; d a i = 1 &a m p ; d r i = 0 &a m p ; f p = a 9 6 1 a 6 7 0 c 1 a a 4 e 2 e d f d 9 8 f 5 c 6 f 4 7 d 4 b 4 " b d s f i d = " 1 6 1 " > / i f r a m e > e m s t y l e = " d i s p l a y : n o n e ; " b d s f i d = " 1 6 2 " > / e m > / d i v > s c r i p t i d = " s h o w _ g _ d 1 " s r c = " / / m 1 . 5 1k a o w a n g . c o m / p r o d u c t i o n / n i e / q / r e s o u r c e / r f / e _ q a . j s " b d s f i d = "1 6 3 " > / s c r i p t > s c r i p t s r c = " / / j s . 5 1 t e s t . n e t / m _ j s _ n e w / m _ s h o w _ d o w n . j s " b d s f i d = " 1 6 4 " > / s c r i p t > d i v c l a s s = " c o n t e n t _ d o w n l o a d " b d s f i d = " 1 6 5 " >。
新托福全球历年作文命题题库
Pool of Independent WritingNorth American1.20080112NA(08年共39套北美题)The government should focus more on environmental problems and less on economic development.2.20080118NAPeople are happier when they finish a challenging or difficult job than when they complete an easy task.3.20080127NASuccessful people accept new things and take risks rather than hold on to the things that they have done well.4.20080201NABeing creative is more important in finding the best solution to a problem than planning carefully.5.20080208NAAdvertisements targeting children aged between 2 and 5 should be banned.6.20080215NAIt is important for families to have meals together regularly.7.20080223NATechnology makes people’s lives simpler rather than makes people’s lives more complicated.8.20080301NATo solve the present and future problems, it is necessary to understand the past.9.20080307NAPeople today spend too much time on enjoyment. We only do what we like to do rather than what we should do.10.20080314NAThe environmental issue is too complex to be solved by the individuals.11.20080329NAIt is more important to have rules about the types of clothing that people wear at work and at school.12.20080426NAThe government should give priority to improving healthcare than to solving environmental problems.13.20080503NATechnology has made children less creative than children were in the past.14.20080509NAThe government should spend more money on improving access to the Internet than on the public transportation.15.20080516NATelephone has greater influe nce on people’s lives than TV.16.20080530NAPeople today are not as friendly as people were in the past.17.20080606NAPlaying computer games is a waste of time for children.18.20080621NAGood looks and clothing are more important for success than good ideas.19.20080628NAPeople should live in a city or a country all their lives instead of moving to another place.20.20080711NAToday, parents do not understand their children as well as the parents did 50 years ago.21.20080802NAIt was easier to achieve success in the past than it is today.22.20080808NAAll university students should take basic science courses, regardless of their field of concentration.23.20080816NAMost businesspeople are motivated only by the desire for more money.24.20080823NAA serious and strict teacher is more effective than a teacher who is humorous and easygoing.25.20080905NAWhich source is more dependable for news, TV or newspapers?26.20080921NAChildren should play and study rather than learn how to do household chores.27.20080927NAPrinted books have greater effects on society than TV does.28.20081012NAIn order to succeed, we should be more like others than be different from others.29.20081017NAPeople benefit more from traveling in their own country than traveling in a foreign country.30.20081025NAStudents who can keep their own rooms organized are more likely to succeed.31.20081031NAIt is more fun to see a movie in the cinema with other people than see a movie at home.32.20081108NAScientists should be responsible for the negative impact that is brought by their discoveries or inventions.33.20081114NAChildren should only play sports for fun rather than play sports in competitions or contests.34.20081122NAStudents are more influenced by teachers than by their friends.35.20081205NASports teach us lessons about life.36.20081207NASpending time alone is the best way to relieve stress.37.20081210NAPeople who have interest in different things cannot be friends.38.20081212NASports and exercises are more important to elderly people than to young people.39.20081220NAPeople should be allowed to use cell phones on public transportation such as buses and trains.40.20090110(09年共36套北美题)Improving schools is the most important factor in the successful development of a country.41.20090117Advertising is the most important cause of unhealthy eating habits.42.20090123NA*Young people should take several different kinds of jobs before they decide which career to take in the long term.43.20090214NAIn order to become well-informed, one has to get information from different news resources.44.20090221NANewspapers and magazines are the best ways to learn about a foreign country.45.20090227NA**A job with more vacation time but a low salary is better than a job with a high salary but less vacation time.46.20090307NAIt is better to use one’s own knowledge and e xperience to solve problems than to get advice from others.47.20090314NAIt is better to spend money on traveling and vacation than to save money for the future.48.20090321NATo remain happy and optimistic when you fail is more important than achieving success.49.20090327NA*Teachers should not show their political or social views known in the classroom.50.20090329NATwenty years from now on, students will not use printed books anymore.51.20090403NA**The best way to improve education is to raise teachers’ salaries.52.20090509NA**To become financially responsible individuals, people should be taught how to manage money at a young age.53.20090515NAProfessional athletes who receive high salaries, such as football or basketball players, deserve what they get. 54.20090530NAYounger school children (aged five to ten) should be required to study art and music in addition to math, language, science and history.55.20090605NA***Solving environmental problems is the best way for the government to improve public health.56.20090612NAUniversity students should take part-time jobs.57.20090620NASuccessful leaders should make others part of the decision-making process.58.20090626NA***For future career success, is relate to other people more important than working hard at school?59.20090725NAMovi es and TV programs made in one’s own country is always more interesting than those made in other countries.60.20090801NASome people think making sure that others(influential people or potential employers) know about your strengths and accomplishments can help you succeed, if you do not do this, you won`t have a successful life. 61.20090807NA*Parents should allow children to make their own choices rather than determine their children’s future for them.62.20090822NA**It is more important to work quickly and risking making mistakes than to work slowly and making sure everything.63.20090829NA**The government should focus more on preserving the natural environment and less on the economic developments.64.20090911NA***It is only worth watching movies that can teach us something about real life.65.20090919NA***It is more important for the government to spend money on art museums and concert halls than on recreational facilities such as swimming pools and playgrounds.66.20090925NADo you prefer to take a low-paid but secure job or a job with a high salary but easy to lose?67.20091017NA***Movies and televisions should always show audience that good people are rewarded and bad people are punished.68.20091024NAParents should help their children prepare for future life through encouraging them to take part-time jobs. 69.20091031NA ***It is not good to move to a new city or a new country because you will lose old friends.70.20091107NA ***To achieve successful development of a country, a government should focus its budgets more on young children’s education rather than on universities.71.20091120NA **Parents should give money to their children for their high marks at school.72.20091121NA**（重复08-10-17北美考题）People benefit more from traveling in their own country than traveling in a foreign country.73.20091204NAPeople should buy things that are made in their own country, even if the price of these products is higher than that of the products made in other countries.74.20091211NAParents do not understand their children as well as the parents did 50 years ago.75.20091219NA***People would be happier with fewer possessions.76.20100115NA(10年共30套北美题)In order to become financially responsible adults, children should manage their own money at the young age. 77.20100116NA (重复大陆本日机经)Is it good or not for ch ildren to choose a job similar to their parents’ jobs?78.20100122NA***People who go outside are more successful and happier than people who stay in villages.79.20100130NAThe government should support scientific research that does not have any practical use.80.20100213NA***People holding different views cannot achieve success as a team.81.20100227NA**All high-school students should take basic economic courses.82.20100306NA***Which is better, challenging plans about one's future or practical plans about one's future?83.20100312NA**If parents want their children to dowell at school, they should limit the time their children spend on watching TV.84.20100320NAPeople can solve important problems by themselves or with the help from their family members so there's no need for the government to help them.85.20100327NA( 与2010年03月27日大陆重题，这是2008年1月以来的第7次同周末重题）In order to make ourselves happy, we should learn how to make others happy first.86.20100410NA*People should have hobbies and do physical activities that are very different from their own work.87.20100424NA**The way a person is dressed in is a good indicationof his/her character or personality.88.20100508NA( 与 2010年05 月08日大陆重题，这是 2008 年 1 月以来的第 8 次同周末重题）The best way for parents to teach their children about responsibility is to have them care for animals.89.20100508NAWe need to have different sources of news and information to know which one is the real one or who is telling the truth.90.20100514NA*People should gather information from different ways and channels.91.20100522NAWorking at home and using computers or telephones is better than working in the office.92.20100612NA( 与 2010年06 月12日大陆重题，这是 2008 年 1 月以来的第 9 次同周末重题）People should take a secure job immediately when finding one instead of waiting for the job that they find more satisfying.93.20100619NAIf you need to discuss upsetting or controversial problems with others, will you use e-mail/text messaging OR use telephone/voice-messaging?94.20100626NAIt is more likely for people with more skills to succeed.95.20100710NAMany countries are paying attention to environmental problems. But the attention is not making the environmental situations better.96.20100724NAThe personal and work-related challenges that young people face today are not any different from the challenges their parents and grandparents faced when they were young.97.20100813NAMore and more people arespending money on their pets, even though there can be other good ways to spend money.98.20100828NAPeople care more about public recognition than about money. Even if no more money is given, public recognition can still make people work harder.99.20100911NA（2008 年以来两大考区同周末第 10 次重题）Parents today are more involved in their children's education than parents were in the past.100.20101009NACompared with people who live in urban areas, the people who live in rural areas can take better care of their families.101.20101022NAThe advice from the grandparents is of no use to their grandchildren because the world has changed a lot over the past 50 years.102.20101106NAIt is easier for parents to raise their children than 50 years ago.103.20101113NA（2008年以来两大考区同周末第 11 次重题）To improve the quality of education, universities should spend more money on professors' salaries.104.20101211NA (2008 年以来两大考区同周末第 12 次重题）It is more enjoyable to have a job and work long hours for three days in a week than to work shorter hours for five days in a week.105.20101218NA(10年共29套北美题)Two people can still become friends if one of them has more money than the other one does.106.20110115NASome people think university professors should spend more time doing research while others think they should spend more time educating students. What is your view?107.20110121NAThe rapid growth cities today's should have a positive effect on the development of the society.Another edition: The fast development of society today is a positive trend.108.20110129NA（2008 年以来两大考区同周末第 13 次重题）Because the world is changing so quickly, people now are less happy and less satisfied than people in the past. Another edition: The world is changing quickly. People are less happy than before.109.20110205NAOne of the characteristics of successful leaders is the sense of responsibility for admitting their mistakes.110.20110211NAParents should let children make mistakes and let them learn from their own mistakes.111.20110226NAYoung people have no influence on important decisions that determine the future of society as a whole.112.20110304NAThe most important problems in today’s world will be solved in our lifetime.China113.20060915C(2006年共18套国内题)Recently, we have so many sources of news and information, so that we cannot tell which one is the real one or who is telling the truth.114.20061008CIn twenty years there will be fewer cars in use than there in today?115.20061015CIf a person wants to be successful in life, knowledge gained through study is more important than the ability to be creative.116.20061021北美It is better to take the most difficult or challenging classes in college or at university even if it means that you probably will not get top grades (marks) in them.117.20061022CIt is not realistic for people to expect to work at the same company or employer all of their life.118.20061028北美Young people enjoy life much better than older people?119.20061029CThe renewable sources of energy, such as sun, wind and water will soon replace the fossil energy such as gas, oil and coal.120.20061103北美It is better to work in a larger company than a small one.121.20061105CUniversity students accomplish a project by teamwork, and the members share the same mark.122.20061117CBeing happy with a job is more important than having a high salary.123.20061118CThe best way to travel is in a group led by a guide.124.20061119CIt is more important to choose a subject of your interest than subjects which prepare you for a job or career. 125.20061201CDo you agree or disagree with the following statement?Classmates are a more important influence than parents on a child’s success in school.126.20061203CGrades (marks) encourage students to learn.127.20061208CIt is better to learn broad subjects than to specialize in a special subject.128.20061210CHuman needs for farmland, housing and industry are more important than saving land for endangered animals. 129.20061215CThe Internet provides people with a lot of valuable information.130.20061216CA friend who is intelligent is much better than a friend with a good sense of humor.131.20070113C(2007年共47套国内题)Many teachers assign homework to students every day. Do you think that daily homework is necessary for students?132.20070114CDrivers should pay a fee for driving in busy city streets when traffic is in a great amount.133.20070119CMost people prefer others making decision for them than making a decision for themselves.134.20070127CIn today’s world, to speak well is more important than to write well.135.20070203CPeople can learn more from watching than they can by reading books.136.20070210CLife is easier and more comfortable today rather than the days when your grandparents were children.137.20070224CIt is more important for students to understand ideas and concept or learn facts.138.20070303CBecause people are busy with doing so many things, they can do few things well.139.20070304CPeople now are in greater need of the ability of cooperating with others than before.140.20070310CIt is more important for a teacher to help students gain self-confidence than to teach specific knowledge. 141.20070323CIt is better to watch serious movies that are designed to make us think than to watch movies designed to amuse and entertain us.142.20070421CMovies and television have more negative effects than positive effects on young people.143.20070429CIt is important to know events happening around the world, though sometimes they will not affect your daily life.144.20070518CIn your opinion, which one is better, to spend money on something that lasts for a long time, such as valuable jewelry, or spend your money on short term pleasure such as vacation?145.20070519CTeachers should be paid at least as much as lawyers, doctors, and business leaders are paid.146.20070609CIn the twenty years, people will lead a more leisure life.147.20070616CChildren now are not controlled by their parents but are more influenced by the media and others that outside home.148.20070624CIs it better to finish a project completely and then start another project or finish two projects at one time?Letting a friend make a mistake is better than saying or doing something that may destroy the friendship. 150.20070707CUniversity students should be required to take basic science classes even they are not part of the field of the study.The basic science should be a mandatory course for all students even whose studying field is not related. 151.20070714CNewspapers can truly help people understand world events. Television news doesn’t provide enough information.152.20070721CModern society has become more complex, so it is essential for the young people to have the ability to plan and organize.153.20070728CIn university students should take the history courses no matter what field they study.154.20070804CTwenty years from now, students will not use printed book to study.155.20070811CThe only effective way to encourage energy conservation is by increasing prices of gasoline and electricity. 156.20070817CGetting advice from the older friends is more valuable than the friends on the same age to you.157.20070825CHigh school, colleges, universities should spend less the time teaching subjects and more time preparing the students of specific careers and jobs.158.20070908CA teacher’s ability to relate well with the students is more important than have sufficient k nowledge being taught.159.20070912CPeople should not be allowed to use mobile phones when using public transportation.160.20070915CHaving a job to work with other people is better than having a job to work alone.161.20070922CThe extended family (grandparent, cousin, aunts, and uncles) has become less important in modern society than the past.162.20070929CThe best way to truly relax and reduce stress is to spend time alone.163.20071005CIt is better to watch serious television plays that are designed to make us think than to watch those designed to amuse and entertain us.164.20071006CAward student’s efforts or achievement, which one is better?165.20071017CUniversity students should learn one more course about culture of a country rather than of their own.166.20071020CIt is important to spend more time working at job than spending time with families.167.20071021CIt is better to spend money traveling and vocation instead of saving it in the bank for future.168.20071027CObserving and studying animal’s behavior is us eful to know human nature.Teachers should be paid according to what their students perform.170.20071103CPeople who do not have to work because they have enough money are barely happy.171.20071111CMost of the advertisement make products appear better than they really are.172.20071124CPeople will spend less time in cooking or preparing food in twenty years than nowadays.173.20071201CPeople should pay to use public transportation.174.20071208CAdvertisement is a waste of time and money, because customers already know what they want.175.20071210CWe live a more comfortable and easier life than our grandparents when they were children.176.20071212 北美People with different interests and personalities cannot be friends177.20071215CIt is more important for students to understand ideas and concept or learn facts.178.20080113C(2008年共42套国内题)Choose the difficult or challenging classes in college or university though you cannot get a great grade.179.20080118CPeople are happier when they have pressure (or competition) in their jobs and schoolwork than when they have easy work?180.20080119CNowadays each group member get same grade (mark). Is it a good method to evaluate students?To give the same grade to all the members who do the same project together. What do you think of the way of evaluation?181.20080127CSuccessful people try new things and take risks rather than people just doing what they already know.182.20080202CMost people prefer others making decision for them than making a decision by themselves.183.20080216CGrades (marks) encourage students to learn. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion. 184.20080224Renewable resources of energy (Sun, wind, water) will soon replace fossils fuels such as gases, oil, and coal. 185.20080302CThe best way to travel is in a group and leaded by a tour guide.186.20080308CAt present, people spend too much time doing things for their enjoyment rather than do the things they should do.187.20080315CIt is more important to use the lands for farming, housing and industry than save the land for endangered animal.188.20080330CStudents would receive a better, effective education if they were required to attend classes for 11 months of a year.189.20080427CTeachers should assign homework for students every day.Technology has made children less creative than they were in the past.191.20080510CGovernments should spend more money in support of the arts than in the athletics, like an Olympic team. 192.20080517CSome movies are serious, designed to make the audience think. Other movies are designed primarily to amuse and entertain. Which type of movie do you prefer?193.20080531CIt is better to solve the problem by your own knowledge and experience than asking others for advice.194.20080607CDo you think children should play computer games?195.20080622CMost important thing that government can do in improve health care is to clean the environment196.20080629CUniversity Education is the most important factor of success in life197.20080712CDo you agree or disagree that drivers should pay a certain amount of fees so that they can be permitted to drive out in traffic busy time.198.20080802北美(unconfirmed)People will feel happier when they finish a challenging or difficult work than they finish an easy work.199.20080803CTwenty years from now on, people will have more leisure time than they do now.200.20080809CUniversity students should be required to take basic science classes even if they are not part of the field of the study.201.20080817CIt is important to know about events happening around the world, even if it is unlikely affect our daily life. 202.20080824CA teacher who is serious and strict is more efficient than a teacher who uses humors and is easygoing?203.20080905CNewspapers can truly help people understand world events. Television news do esn’t provide enough information.204.20080906CPeople should not cell phones when on the public transport.205.20080921CThe only way government can do to energy conservation is to increase the price of gasoline and electricity People are buying products they don’t need because others have them.206.20080928CThe only effective way to encourage energy conservation is by increasing prices of gasoline and electricity．207.20081012CVisiting museums is the best way to know a country.208.20081018People benefit more from traveling in their own country than traveling in a foreign country.209.20081026CPeople can learn more from watching television than reading books.210.20081101CAfter high school, students should have a least one year to work or travel better than go to study on university first.211.20081109CMovies and televisions make more negative effects than positive effects on young people’s behavior.212.20081115CParents can’t control children. What the children do is easily influenced by TV, radio, the outside world?213.20081122CInstead of spending money on exploration of outer space, government should spend money on environment. 214.20081123CWhich are more influenced students, teachers or friends?215.20081130CPeople who do not work because they have enough money are rarely happy.216.20081206Do you prefer to finish a project completely then to another one or do two or several projects at a time?217.20081213CIn your opinion, which one is better, to spend money on something last for a long time, such as valuable jewelry, or spend your money on short term pleasure such as vacation?218.20081220CPeople with different interests and personalities cannot be friends219.20081221CTelevision advertising directed toward young children should be allowed.220.20090110C(2009年共36套国内题)The public need not to pay for public transport.221.20090118CIt is important for families to regularly eat their meals together.222.20090222CThe purpose of television should be all educative, not entertaining.223.20090228CTeachers should be paid at least as much as doctors, lawyers or business leaders are paid.224.20090307CIt’s better to use own knowledge and experience to solve question than to ask other people for advice.225.20090314CIt is better to spend money on traveling and vacation than to save money for the future.226.20090322CGovernments should focus more on preservation of environment rather than economic development.227.20090327CTeachers should make their political or social views known in the classroom.228.20090329CIn 20 years from now, students will not use printed books anymore.229.20090509CIn order to become a financially responsible adult, people should be taught how to manage money at an early age.230.20090516CSchools should add one course of culture of a country rather than their own.231.20090531CPeople will spend less time on cooking food.232.20090605CTo improve health care in society, do you think it is better to put environmental construction in the first place or to improve other things?233.20090607CIn twenty years from now, people will lead a more leisure life.234.20090613CAll university students should be required to take history courses no matter what field they study in.235.20090621CTechnology makes people’s lives simpler in turn to make people’s lives more complicated.236.20090627CFor future career success, is relating well to other people more important than studying hard at school?237.20090725CDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? Being creative, rather than planning carefully, will come up with best solution to a problem?238.20090802CPeople will feel happier when they finish a challenging or difficult work than they finish an easy work.239.20090808CTeachers should be paid according to how well their students perform.240.20090822CIt is more important to working quickly and risking making mistakes than to work slowly and making sure everything is241.20090830CThe most important thing that the governments should improve health care is clean the environment.242.20090912CSome people think children should study and play, other people think children should help with household chores.243.20090920CPast people are friendlier than they are today.244.20090926CGovernment should pay more attention on health care issues than on environmental issues.245.20091010C**It is easier to succeed nowadays than in the past.246.20091018CSome people think to watch a movie in a cinema (theater) is better, but others think at home is better, which one do you prefer?247.20091024COne of the best ways for parents to help their teenage children prepare for adult life is to encourage them to take the part-time job.248.20091025CVisiting museums is the best way to learn about a country.249.20091101C(重复北美09年3月24日考题。
托福作文真题及范文模板
托福作文真题及范文模板托福作文是托福考试的一部分，对于很多考生来说是一个比较头疼的部分。
因此，熟悉托福作文的真题及范文模板是非常重要的。
本文将为大家介绍一些常见的托福作文真题及范文模板，希望对大家备考托福作文有所帮助。
一、托福作文真题。
1. Some people believe that it is better to live in a small town, while others think that living in a big city is better. Which do you prefer?2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important for students to study history and literature than it is for them to study science and mathematics.3. Some people prefer to spend their free time with people from different age groups. Others prefer to spend their free time with people from the same age group as themselves. Which do you prefer?4. Some people believe that the best way of learning about life is by listening to the advice of family and friends. Other people believe that the best way of learning about life is through personal experience. Which do you think is better?二、托福作文范文模板。
托福英语考试作文题选编50题（最终定稿）
托福英语考试作文题选编50题（最终定稿）第一篇：托福英语考试作文题选编50题托福英语考试作文题选编50题1.Some people think that parents should plan their children’s leisure time carefully.Other people believe that children should decide for themselves how to spend their free time, Which idea do you agree with? Give reasons for your choice.2.People should be realistic rather than romantic in order to live a better life.Do you agree or disagree with the e specific reasons to support your answer.3.People should never be satisfied with what they have;they should always want something new or something different.Do you agree or disagree with the statement.Give reasons for your choice.4.Some people think that the family is the most important influence on young adults.Other people think that friends are the most important influence on young adults.Which view do you agree with? Use examples to support your position.5.Some students participate in school activities such as clubs and sports.Other students do not take part in such activities because they spend more time on their studies.Tell why you think the two groups of students spend their time differently? Which type of student do you prefer to be? Explain why.6.Travelling is more important than reading books insgroupsto understand the people and the world.Do you agree or disagree with the e specific reasons to support your answer.7.Some people like different friends.Others like similar pare the advantages of these two kinds of friends.Which kind of friend do you prefer.Explain why?8.After they complete their university studies, some students live in their hometowns, others live in differenttowns or cities.Which do you think is better, living in your hometown or living in different towns or cities? Give specific reasons for your answer.9.Some people believe that newspaper are the best source of news.Others think that the news is presented better on radio or television.Which of these sources of news do you prefer? Use specific examples to support your choice.10.Some people learn best when a classroom lesson is presented in an entertaining , enjoyable way.Other people learn best when a lesson is presented in a serious, formal way.Which of these two ways of learning do you prefer? Give reasons to support your answer.11.Some people say that the best preparation for life is learning to be cooperative.Others take the opposite view and say that learning to be competitive is the best preparation.Tell which one you agree with and explain why.12.Some people pay money for the things they want or need.Other people trade products or goods for what they pare the advantages of these two ways of obtaining things.Which way do you prefer? Explain why.13.Some people believe that growing up in a large family, with several sisters and brothers, offers more advantages than disadvantages.Other people think that being the only child is more advantageous.Write a short essay in which you discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each position.Explain which position you support.14.Some people think studying in a university is worthwhile only because you can get a degree.Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Give specific reasons to support your answer.15.Inventions such as eyeglasses and the sewing machine have had an important effect on our lives.Choose another invention that you think is important.Give specific reasons for your choice.16.Someone think that playing agame is fun only when you win.Do you agree or disagree with the e specific reasons to support your answer.17.A research center is going to be established in a university.There is an argument whether to establish an agricultural center or a business one.Which do your think is e specific reasons to support your answer.18.“Fiction(such as short stories or novels)can teach us more about life than textbooks can”.Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Use specific examples to support your answer.19.Living in big cities has more advantages than living in small towns or countryside.Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Use specific reasons to support your answer.20.Some university students want to live in a room alone.Others prefer having roommates.Which do you like better, living alone or living with roommates? Give specific examples to support your answer.21.Some people like to travel alone, others like to travel together with several friends.Which do you prefer, Why? 22.Which is more important for you in your life, knowledge from books you read, or personal experiences in reality? Please use details to explain your answer.23.Newspapers contain many information topics such as sports, current event, business and entertainment.Which topic do you like to read most often.Give reasons to explain your answer.24.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: People should always show their strong emotions(such as excitement, anger, or joy).Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.25.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Dissatisfaction leads to e specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.26.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement.A student’s main purpose in getting an education is to earn a lot of e specific reasons and examples tosupport your opinion.27.Some students like to attend a large university that has many students.Others prefer to attend a small university that has fewer students.Which type of university do you prefer?Use specific reasons and example to support your answer.28.Some students like to have outdoor activities.Others like indoor activities.Which do you prefer? Give specific reasons and examples to illustrate your answer.29.How do movies or TV influence people’s behavior? Use reasons and specifi c examples to support your answer.30.Some people like to buy books to read, others like to borrow books from libraries or from other pare the advantages of these two ways of reading.Which do you prefer? Why? 31.Some universities arrange a long period of vacation for students in the school year, others arrange several short vacations.Which kind of vacation do you prefer---a long vacation or a short one? Give specific reasons and examples for your answer.32.Some people like to communicate by telephone, Other people like to communicate by letter.Which do you prefer to communicate-by phone or by letter? Use specific and details to explain your answer.33.Some people like to listen to classical music, others like to listen to popular music(including popular songs).Which kind of music do you prefer? Give specific reasons for your answer.34.Games teach people about life.Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Give specific s for your answer.35.Many important natural resources such as water, forests, oil, etc, are running out in the world today.What should we do to protect them? Give specific examples to support your idea about one kind of these resources.36.“When people succeed, it is because of hard work;luck has nothing to do with success.” Do you agr ee or disagree with the quotation above? Use specific reasons andexamples to explain your position.37.Sometimes it is fun to think of living in another time and place.If you could experience a different time and place, what time and what place would you choose? Use reasons and specific details to support your answer.38.Neighbors are the people who live near us.In your opinion, what are the qualities of a good neighbor? Use specific details and examples in your answer? 39.Some people like to eat at home and prepare food for themselves, others like to eat outside in restaurants or foodstands.Which way of eating do you prefer? give specific reasons and examples to illustrate your answer.40.Some say that the world would be a better place now if the automobile had never been invented.Decide if you agree or disagree with this statement and give specific reasons for your decision.41.Some people say that the best way to raise children is to encourage them to be independent thinkers.Others disagree and say that children need to be taught discipline insgroupsto become ing specific examples, discuss these two opinions.State which one you agree with and why? 42.Some people like to work or study at night, others like to work or study during the day.Which do you prefer-work or study at night or during the day? Give specific reasons and examples to illustrate your answer.43.Some people like to study alone, others like to study with several people together.Which do you prefer—study alone or study with other people? Give specific reasons and examples to illustrate your answer.44.Some people like to use computers to type letter, others like to write letters with a pen.Which do you prefer and why? 45.Some companies like to employ younger and enthusiastic people, other companies like to employ older and experienced people.If you were a boss, which kind of people do you like to employ.Give reasons andspecific examples to illustrate your answer.46.“It’s better to make wrong decision than make no decision at all” Do you agree or disagree with the statement.Give reasons or specific examples to illustrate your answer.47.Some people tend to work only for money, while others believe that people should enjoy what they do.Which opinion do you prefer? Explain why?48.Some people tend to study a subject in a very intensive way over a short period of time, while others tend to study a subject constantly over a long period of time.What do you think is a better way of learning? Explain why.49.Should the money invested into a university be used to improve the library or to improve the physical training facilities? What do you think? Why?50.Should the money invested into a university library be used to buy books or to buy computer? What do you think? Why?第二篇：小学英语考试作文题小学英语考试作文题Life is full of trial and error.One failure doesn't mean you're out of thepicture.人生充满了尝试与错误。
年托福写作真题(实用5篇)
年托福写作真题（实用5篇）1.年托福写作真题第1篇托福综合写作：主题：防止海龟减少的办法是否有用。
阅读：有3种办法防止海龟减少建立金属围栏，防止海龟蛋被素食者吃掉禁用塑料袋，海龟吃了塑料袋，消化道会被堵塞把传统渔网改成只能捕鱼而不会限制海龟的，海龟被渔网捉住，会溺水听力：上述办法都不行金属围栏会阻碍小海龟的磁场发育，海龟靠磁场导航，找食物，找配偶，找地方产卵。
没有发育好的磁场，海龟根本无法生存，繁衍。
限制塑料袋或许有用。
问题是，现在海里已经有成千上万的塑料袋了，即使分解成了小片，一样会危害海龟。
所以限塑解决不了燃眉之急。
改进的渔网，渔民会拒绝使用，因为网到的鱼会减少，收入会减少。
即使有法律规定必须使用，渔民也会趁没人使用传统渔网，回到岸上再换成改进渔网。
托福独立写作：You are helping to select a leader for a student organization or a Do you think a person's honest is the most important characteristic for being a leader?2.年托福写作真题第2篇综合Whether the three methods to stop snakeheads from spreading is Reading：The reading raises three methods to stop the spread of snakehead fish because it threatens theMaking laws to prevent people from transporting snakehead Some people in the fish market will illegally transport or release unsold snakehead Educating fishers to catch If they recognize that people actually can eat snakehead as a food source, they will catch many to eat and to Researching some poison to kill the Though poison will also kill native fishes in the river, people can restock nativeListening:The listening contradicts all methods proposed by the author of the passage and points out their potentialEven if people do not transport the snakehead, the spread will still The reason is that there are already many snakeheads, and these snakeheads will move to other rivers even without human's efforts, because they can live and move on land as long as they areEducating fishers to catch snakehead will not help stop the spread of Conversely, it may lead to the increase of Because when fishers realize they can make profit by catching snakehead, they will introduce snakehead to other water bodies and raise snakehead in order to catch more snakehead, even this isIt is true that native fishes can be restocked; however, poison will also kill some insects and micro organisms, which cannot be So, native fishes that feed on these insects and micro organisms cannot grow to their original This is独立As a student of university that has a long break between university semesters, the university requires all students to do one of the following for one month during the break:1、Students must take a course on the subject that has no direct connection to their majors of study ( For example, a student majoring in engineering may take course in fine arts or social )2、Students must volunteer to work in the university’s city or their hometowns to improve some aspects of life of the city or their own ( For example, students may help local primary school children with their ) Which one do you think is more beneficial for students in their university? Why?Given detailed examples and Use your OWN words, do NOT use memorized3.年托福写作真题第3篇托福写作字数越多分越高?关于这点，实在是众说纷纭。
托福(写作)历年真题试卷汇编1(题后含答案及解析)
托福（写作）历年真题试卷汇编1(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.jpg /> Question Summarize the points made in the lecture you just heard, explaining how they cast doubt on points made in the reading passage.正确答案：The reading passage takes a skeptical approach to the authenticity of the famous “Maine penny”found at an ancient Native American excavation known as the Goddard site, and argues that any claim of this coin being a Viking relic is false. The professor disagrees entirely, and counters each argument against the coin’s legitimacy. First, the reading points out that no other coin like this was ever found anywhere near the site in Maine. In fact, it was probably brought there by Native American trade many years later. The professor rebuts that just because no other coins like this have been found does not mean Vikings were not in the area. He describes their world travels and various proven trips they made to North America at that time. The next problem, according to the reading, is that if this penny was really brought by Vikings, why have no others of its type been discovered anywhere north or west of Iceland? The professor’s answer is that the coins were far too valuable to the Vikings, even treasured as highly as gold. The Vikings probably took most of the coins back with them when they returned home. Finally, the author cites that Kolbjorn Skaare of the University of Oslo determined the coin was circulated in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. However, Native Americans at the time had no concept of money or the value of silver coins. Therefore, there would have been no reason for the Vikings to bring silver coins to America. However, the professor says that even though the natives did not use silver coins as currency, they still loved the shining, attractive quality of silver, and some evidence even suggests they used this coin as a necklace or pendant.解析：针对著名的“缅因硬币”，阅读文章认为这枚硬币不可能是维京人带到美国的。
历年托福独立写作题目整理
2011年2011．1.8CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: The food we ate in the past was healthier than the food we eat today.2011.1.15CNSome people think university professors should spend more time doing research while others think they should spend more time educating students. What is your view? 2011.1.21CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: The rapid growth of cities can be seen as a positive development of society.2011.1.22CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: For parties celebrating occasions such as graduation or birthday, it is better to invite a lot of people instead of only inviting friends and family members.2011.1.29CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: The world is changing quickly. People are less happy than before.2011.1.30CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: The world is changing quickly. People are less happy than before.2011.2.5CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: The most important characteristic for a political or business leader is the ability to accept the responsibility for their mistakes.2011.2.11CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Parents should allow children to make mistakes and let them learn from their own mistakes.2011.2.12CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: In a busy and crowded world, we should not expect people to be polite to others.2011.2.26CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Young people do not have any influence on decisions that may affect the future of the world.2011.3.4CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: The most important problems in today's world will be solved in our lifetime.2011.3.11CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? Although science and technology will continue to improve, the most significant improvement for the quality of people’s lives have already taken place.2011.3.12CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: People should buy things made in their own country, even if the price is higher than the things made elsewhere. 2011.3.19CNAgree or disagree: Movies and televisions make more negative effects than positive effects on young people’s behavior.2011.3.20CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: People would be happier if they had fewer possessions.2011.3.26CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? Young people should take several different kinds of jobs before they decide which career to take in the long term.2011.4.2CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better to choose a university whose graduates have good job opportunities than a university who has famous professors.2011.4.9CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: It is more important for the government to spend money on art museums and concert halls than on recreational facilities such as swimming pools and playgrounds.2011.5.14CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: It's easier to identify what kinds of careers or jobs are secure and successful ones in the past than at present. 2011.5.28CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: The way a person is dressed in is a good indication of his/her character or personality.2011.5.28NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: We can know more about a person from the types of friends he/she has.2011.5.29CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is easier to succeed nowadays than in the past.2011.6.11CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Many countries are paying attention to environmental problems. But the attention is not making the environmental situations better.2011.6.19CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: All high-school students should take basic economic courses.2011.6.25CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Movies and televisions should always show audience that good people are rewarded and bad people are punished. 2011.7.8CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important to choose friends that can have fun with you than to choose friends that will help you when you need them.2011.7.9CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: People should have hobbies and do physical activities that are very different from their own work.2011.7.23CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Teachers should give students more group assignments because students work more efficiently in groups.2011.7.23NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Teachers should give students more group assignments because students work more efficiently in groups.2011.8.5CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: It is better for your friend to ask you for help (suppose you are good at the subject) than to turn to a tutor when he finds it hard to pass an examination.2011.8.13CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: The young people today arefacing more personal and work-related challenges than their parents did fifty years ago.2011.8.20NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: The most important investment of a company is to improve the skills of its employees.2011.8.21CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: To achieve successful development of a country, a government should focus its budgets more on young children’s education rather than on u niversities.2011.8.27CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: People who try to acquire more than one skills are more likely to become successful than people who just focus on one skill.2011.8.28NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Patience is usually not a good strategy. We should take action now rather than later.2011.9.16NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: It's better for children to choose jobs that are similar to their parents' jobs.2011.9.17NADo you agree or disagree with the statement? Car has had a great effect on the society than the airplane.2011.9.18CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: The rapid growth of cities can be seen as a positive development of society.2011.9.24CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Educating children is a more difficult task now because children spend too much time on cell phones, online games and social networking websites.2011.9.25CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: It is much easier to for parents to raise children now than fifty years ago.2011.9.28CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: To solve the problems of thepresent and the future, people should review the past.2011.10.8NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement? The best way to increase students' interest in a subject is to teach them the significance of the subject outside of school.2011.10.20CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Printed books have greater effects on society than TV does.2011.10.29NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: It is much easier for people to achieve success without their family members help now than in the past.2011.10.30CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement:The most important characteristic for a political or business leader is the ability to accept the responsibility for their mistakes.2011.11.5NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: The competition between friends always has negative effect.2011.11.11NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Young people today are less dependent on their parents than young people in the past.2011.11.13CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: We can know more about a person from the types of friends he/she has.2011.11.19NAWhich is better, having a high-salary job but living away from your family members, or having a low-salary job but living with your family?2011.11.20CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Communication skill is the most important characteristic of successful leadership.2011.11.26CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Working at home using computers or telephones is better than working in the office.2011.12.9NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement? Your job has more effect on your happiness than your living environment does.2011.12.18CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: The government should spend money on the construction of new buildings rather than on the preservation of old buildings2012年2012-01-013Out of the following three things, which one would you prefer to regulate in order to improve your health? 1）The kind of food you eat 2）The amount of exercise 3）The amount of stress in your life.2012-01-14CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: All school teachers should be required to attend some courses every five years to update their knowledge.2012-01-18CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: People can solve important problems by themselves or with the help from their family members so there's no need for the government to help them.2012-01-21CNDo you agree with the statement that the opinions of celebrities, such as famous entertainers and athletes, are more important for the young people than they are to the older people.2012-02-03CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? The government and corporation should share all their scientific discoveries with other countries in the world? Please use specific details and examples to support your opinion.2012-02-05Some people have ambitious dreams and keep following them, but other people always focus on realistic goals and try to achieve them. Which do you think is better? Some people have ambitious dreams and keep following them, but other people always focus on realistic goals and try to achieve them. Which do you think is better? 2012-02-11Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Parents should allow children to make mistakes and let them learn from their own mistakes.2012-02-17Which do you prefer, to buy new technological devices immediately after they become available or to wait until many people have adopted(=accepted and started to use) them?2012.2.18.NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Working at home using computers or telephones is better than working in the office.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: People holding different views cannot achieve success as a team.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Two people can still be good friends if one of them has much more money than the other?2012.3.3NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Employees who follow instructions from their managers are more valuable than employees who try to find new ways to perform their tasks.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Employees who follow instructions from their managers are more valuable than employees who try to find new ways to perform their tasks.2013.03.09.NAAgree or disagree, young people now are more likely to help others than young people were in the past.If you need to discuss upsetting or controversial problems with others, will you use e-mail/text messaging or use telephone/voice-messaging?Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? There is never a reason to be impolite (rude) to another person.2012.3.23.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Governments should focus its budgets more on environmental protection than on economic development.2012.3.24.To make children do well in school, parents should limit the hours that children spendon watching TV or movies.2012.04.14.Do you agree or disagree: It is important for government to protect animals and wilderness areas for future generations.2012.04.14.NADo you agree or disagree: It is important for government to protect animals and wilderness areas for future generations.2012.04.20.NAContributes on an enjoyable vacation, please select one of three selection. Good food, Good location and with good friends to travel.2012.04.27.NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Students are more interested in politics than before.2012.04.28 CNPeople should know events happening around the world even if they have little influence on their daily lives. Use specific reasons, examples and details to support your opinion.2012.05.05 CNWhich way do you think is the best for a student to make new friends. a. joing a sports team, b. participate in community activities, c. traveling.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better to choose a university whose graduates have good job opportunities than a university who has famous professors.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People care more about public recognition than about money. Even if no more money is given, public recognition can still make people work harder.2012.05.25.NAIs there a good reason to be impolite(rude) to another person?2012.05.26.NANowadays it's easier to maintain health than the past.Do you agree or disagree teachers now have greater influence on students than they had in the past.2012.06.08.NAShould company use public recognition to reward hard working, not to use money.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is often not a good thing for people to move to a new town or a new country because of the lose of old friends.2012.06.15CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? The most important characteristics for a politician or leader is good communication skills.2012.06.15NAMost problems can be solved by people or their families, help from the government is unnecessary.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Rather than help their children do school work, parents should encourage their children to do work independently.2012.06.23.NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: All school teachers should be required to attend some courses every five years to update their knowledge.2012.06.30CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? The best way to learn about a foreign country is to read the newspapers and magazines from that country.2012.07.06.NA你同不同意that 学生参加学校的organization和activities club is as important as their academic class.2012.07.08.NAWhen you are assigned an important presentation for work or school, you prefer to work on it right away so that you can work on it a little bit every day, or wait until you have a good idea about the presentation?Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: It is better for your friend to ask you for help (suppose you are good at the subject) than to turn to a tutor when hefinds it hard to pass an examination.Is it important for government to provide money for the things that are beautiful than things that are practical.Which is better, having a high-salary job but living away from your family members, or having a low-salary job but living with your family?2012.07.28.NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Two people can still be good friends if one of them has much more money than the other?2012.08.04.NADo you think teachers have greater influence on young children in the past than today?2012.08.17.NADo you agree or disagree that universities should spend money on improving facilities (labs and general requirements) rather than hiring famous teachers?同不同意，现在的人不如以前的人respect teachers.Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Car has had a great effect on the society than the airplane.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Parents should allow children to make mistakes and let them learn from their own mistakes.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: The competition between friends always has negative effect.2012.09.07NA如果学校拿到了一笔钱，improve the food of cafe in school or invest in social activity for students after school.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: The advice from the grandparents is of no use to their grandchildren because the world has changed a lot over the past 50 years.2012.09.15.NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teachers' performance should be evaluated by students rather than by other teachers.2012.09.16CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: The most important investment of a company is to improve the skills of its employees.2012.09.21.NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement? Your job has more effect on your happiness than your living environment does.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Although science and technology will continue to improve, the most significant improvement for the quality of people’s lives have already taken place.2012.09.29.NADo you agree or disagree the best leaders should admit if they made a bad decision? 2012.10.06.NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Nowadays, neighbors depend on each other less than the people in the past.2012.10.12.NADo you agree or disagree: the rules that the whole societies today expect to young people to follow and obey are too strict.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: It is much easier for people to achieve success without their family members help now than in the past.To make children do well in school, parents should limit the hours that children spend on watching TV or movies.2012.10.19.NADo you agree or disagree: Younger people spend more time on improving the world than in the past.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Reading a student does on his/her own is as important as, or even more important than reading a student does because it is assigned by teachers.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: The most important problems in today's world will be solved in our lifetime.2012.10.28CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? The government and corporation should share all their scientific discoveries with other countries in the world? Please use specific details and examples to support your opinionOut of the following three things, which one would you prefer to regulate in order to improve your health? 1）The kind of food you eat 2）The amount of exercise 3）The amount of stress in your life.2012.11.03.NA父母应该多陪孩子玩游戏或体育运动, 还是陪孩子做和学校学习有关的事情? Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The best way to increase students' interest in a subject is to teach them the significance of the subject outside of school.2012.11.17.NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: One can learn another person from books and movies the person likes.Some people think university professors should spend more time doing research while others think they should spend more time educating students. What is your view? Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People now are easier to become educated than in the past. Use specific reasons to support your answer. 2012.11.30.Do you agree university should spend more money on improving facility(technology，libraries，computer lab) than hiring famous teacher.2012.12.01NADo you agree or disagree: People living in small villages are more satisfied with their life than those who live in cities.Agree or disagree: Movies and televisions make more negative effects than positive effects on young people’s behavior.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Patience is usually not a good strategy. We should take action now rather than later.2012.12.22CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important to choose friends that can have fun with you than to choose friends that will help you when you need them.2013-01-13 ML It is important to make sure that others know about your strengths and accomplishments; if you are not so, you will be never successful in life.2013-01-26 ML Young people today are more likely to help others than young people in the past. Use specific examples to support your answer.2013-01-27 ML The place you choose to live has a greater effect on your overall happiness than the job.2013-03-02 ML Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Our society today is so busy and crowded that people do not need to be polite to each other.2013-03-03 ML Do you agree or disagree：Young people today are more likely to give time and effort to improve the world than young people were in the past.2013-3-16 ML Movies and TV programs made in one’s own country are more interesting than those made in other countries.2013-3-17 ML A leader should admit if they made a bad decision.2013-3-22 ML Though modern agricultural practices damage the environment, feeding the world's growing population is more important than protecting against environmental damage.2013-3-24ML It is easier for parents to raise children nowadays than 50 years ago.2013-03-30 ML Despite the fact that many countries say they care about environmental problems, the environmental situation will not improve significantly in the future.重复2012.3.23NA2013年4月14日ML重复2012年4月20日NAWhich contributes the most to an enjoyable vacation?Good food, good location, good friends to travel with2013年4月20日ML重复2009.9.19北美It’s more important for the government to spend money to build ar t museums and music performance centers than to build recreational facilities (such as swimming pool and playgrounds).2013年5月11日MLPeople often buy products not because they really need them but because other people have them.2013年5月18日MLGovernment should support scientific research even if the research does not have any practical use.2013年5月26日MLThe personal and work-related challenges that young people face today are not very different from the challenges their parents and grandparents faced in the past.2013年6月8日MLSome students prefer to have their final grades determined by numerous small assignments, whereas others prefer to have their final grades determined by only a few large ones. Which do you prefer and why?2013年6月15日MLThe way a person dresses in is a good indication of his/ her personality and character.2013年6月30日MLPeople will feel happier if they have fewer possessions?2013年7月13日MLPeople rely on their neighbors less now than in the past.2013年7月日14 MLPeople are more friendly in the past than today.2013年7月20日MLParents now spend too much time on determining the future of their children; children should be allowed to make their own choices.2013年7月21日MLIt is impossible to be completely honest with your friends.2013年8月17日MLWould you rather your school spend money on social events and facilities or on improving the cafeteria menus?2013年8月24日MLIt is important to have rules about the type of clothing that people are allowed towear at work and at school.2013年8月25日MLIt is less important to eat with families regularly nowadays.2013年9月1日MLOnly movies that can teach us something about real life are worth watching.2013年9月8日MLTo increase economic growth, the government should ignore the environmental concerns.2013年9月14日People who keep their room clean and tidy are more likely to be successful in the future.2014年托福独立写作题目：常考题目1.13Many teachers assign homework to students every day. Do you think that daily homework is necessary for students？Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.1.14是否要在繁忙时间对繁忙路段课税1.19 Agree or disagree：Most people often let others make decisions for them rather than make decisions by themselves.1.26speaking important or writing important？2.3看电视比看书学的多3.3Because people are too busy doing many things，they can do few things well.3.4intoday’s world，the ability to cooperate well with others is more important than before. Agree or not3.10老师给学生自信比教专门知识更重要3.23你喜欢看严肃题材的电影还是商业题材的电影？4.21电影和电视[movies and television]对年轻人的行为方式[the way young people behavior]主要是消极的影响。
老托福真题2
2000年5月TOEFL试题Section Three: Reading ComprehensionQuestion 1-9The canopy ,the upper level of the trees in the rain forest, holds a plethora of climbing mammals of moderately large size, which may include monkeys, cats, civets, andporcupines. Smaller species, including such rodents as mice and small squirrels ,are not line as prevalent overall in high tropical canopies as they are in most habitats globally.(5) Small mammals, being warm blooded, suffer hardship in the exposed and turbulentenvironment of the uppermost trees. Because a small body has more surface area per unitof weight than a large one of similar shape, it gains or loses heat more swiftly. Thus, inthe trees, where shelter from heat and cold may be scarce and conditions may fluctuate, asmall mammal may have trouble maintaining its body temperature.(10) Small size makes it easy to scramble among twigs and branches in the canopy forinsects, flowers, or fruit, but small mammals are surpassed, in the competition for food,by large ones that have their own tactics for browsing among food-rich twigs. The weightof a gibbon (a small ape) hanging below a branch arches the terminal leaves down so thatfruit-bearing foliage drops toward the gibbon‟s face. Walking or leaping species of a (15) similar or even larger size access the outer twigs either by snapping off and retrieving thewhole branch or by clutching stiff branches with the feet or tail and plucking food withtheir hands.Small climbing animals may reach twigs readily, but it is harder for them than for large climbing animals to cross the wide gaps from on tree crown to the next that typify the(20) high canopy. A macaque or gibbon can hurl itself farther than a mouse can: it can achievea running start, and it can more effectively use a branch as a springboard, even bouncingon a climb several times before jumping. The forward movement of a small animal isseriously reduced by the air friction against the relatively large surface area of its body.Finally, for the many small mammals that supplement their insect diet with fruits or seeds (25) an inability to span open gaps between tree crowns may be problematic, since trees thatyield these foods can be sparse.1. The passage answers which of the following questions?(A) How is the rain forest different from otherhabitats?(B) How does an animal‟s body size influencean animal‟s need for food?(C) Why does the rain forest provide anunusual variety of food for animals? (D) Why do large animals tend to dominate theupper canopy of the rain forest?2.Which of the following animals is less common in the upper canopy than in other environments?(A) Monkeys(B) Cats(C) Porcupines(D) Mice3. The word “they” in line 4 refers to(A) trees(B) climbing mammals of moderately large size(C) smaller species(D) high tropical canopies4. According to paragraph 2, which of the following is true about the small mammals in the rain forest?(A) They have body shapes that are adapted tolife in the canopy.(B) They prefer the temperature and climate ofthe canopy to that of other environments. (C) They have difficulty with the changingconditions in the canopy.(D) They use the trees of the canopy for shelterfrom heat and cold.5. In discussing animal size in paragraph 3, the author indicates that(A) small animals require proportionately morefood than larger animals do(B) a large animal‟s size is an advantage inobtaining food in the canopy(C) small animals are often attacked by largeanimals in the rain forest(D) small animals and large animals areequally adept at obtaining food in thecanopy6. The word “typify” in line 19 is closest in meaning to(A) resemble(B) protect(C) characterize(D) divide7. According to paragraph 4, what makes jumping from one tree crown to another difficult for small mammals?(A) Air friction against the body surface(B) The thickness of the branches(C) The dense leaves of the tree crown(D) The inability to use the front feet as hands8. The word …supplement” in line 24 is closest in meaning to(A) control(B) replace(C) look for(D) add to9. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage?(A) canopy(line 1)(B) warm blooded(line 5)(c) terminal leaves(line13)(D) springboard(line 21)Question 10-19During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newlyformed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women line were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant 5) poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced the best contemporaryhistory of the American Revolution, and Abigail Adams penned important letters showingshe exercised great political influence over her husband, John, the second President of theUnited States. But little or no notice was taken of these contributions. During theseCenturies, women remained invisible in history books.(10)Throughout the nineteenth century, this lack of visibility continued, despite the effortsof female authors writing about women. These writers, like most of their male counterparts, were amateur historians. Their writings were celebratory in nature, and they were uncritical in their selection and use of sources.During the nineteenth century, however, certain feminists showed a keen sense of (15)history by keeping records of activities in which women were engaged. National, regional,and local women‟s organizations compiled accounts of their doings. Personalcorrespondence, newspaper clippings, and souvenirs were saved and stored. These sourcesfrom the core of the two greatest collections of women‟s hi story in the United States one atthe Elizabeth and Arthur Schlesinger Library at Radcliffe College, and the other the Sophia (20)Smith Collection at Smith College. Such sources have provided valuable materials for laterGenerations of historians.Despite the gathering of more information about ordinary women during the nineteenth Century, most of the writing about women conformed to the “great women” theory ofHistory, just as much of mainstream American history concentrated on “great men.” To (25)demonstrate that women were making significant contributions to American life, femaleauthors singled out women leaders and wrote biographies, or else important womenproduced their autobiographies. Most of these leaders were involved in public life asreformers, activists working for women‟s right to vote, or authors, and were notrepresentative at all of the great of ordinary woman. The lives of ordinary people(30)continued, generally, to be untold in the American histories being published.10. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The role of literature in early Americanhistories(B) The place of American women in writtenhistories(C) The keen sense of history shown byAmerican women(D)The “great women” approach t o historyused by American historians11. The word “contemporary” in line 5 meansthat the history was(A) informative(B) written at that time(C) thoughtful(D) faultfinding12. In the first paragraph, Bradstreet, Warren, andAdams are mentioned to show that(A) a woman‟s status was changed by marriage(B) even the contributions of outstandingwomen were ignored(C) only three women were able to get theirwriting published(D) poetry produced by women was morereadily accepted than other writing bywomen13. The word “celebratory” in line 12 means thatthe writings referred to were(A) related to parties(B) religious(C) serious(D) full of praise14. The word “they” in line 12 refers to(A) efforts(B) authors(C) counterparts(D) sources15. In the second paragraph, what weakness innineteenth-century histories does the authorpoint out?(A) They put too much emphasis on dailyactivities(B) They left out discussion of the influence ofmoney on politics.(C) The sources of the information they werebased on were not necessarily accurate. (D) They were printed on poor-quality paper. 16. On the basis of information in the thirdparagraph, which of the following wouldmost likely have been collected bynineteenth-century feminist organizations?(A) Newspaper accounts of presidentialelection results(B) Biographies of John Adams(C) Letters from a mother to a daughteradvising her how to handle a familyproblem(D) Books about famous graduates of thecountry‟s first college17. What use was made of the nineteenth-centurywomen‟s history materials in the SchlesingerLibrary and the Sophia Smith Collection? (A) They were combined and published in amultivolume encyclopedia(B) They formed the basis of college courses inthe nineteenth century.(C) They provided valuable information fortwentieth—century historical researchers.(D) They were shared among women‟s collegesthroughout the United States.18. In the last paragraph, the author mentions allof the following as possible roles ofnineteenth-century “great women” EXCEPT(A) authors(B) reformers(C) activists for women‟s rights(D) politicians19. The word “representative” in line 29 is closestin meaning to(A) typical(B) satisfied(C) supportive(D) distinctiveQuestion 20-29The end of the nineteenth century and the early years of the twentieth century were Marked by the development of an international Art Nouveau style, characterized by sinuous Lines, floral and vegetable motifs, and soft evanescent coloration. The Art Nouveau style Line was an eclectic one, bringing together elements of Japanese art, motifs of ancient cultures, (5) and natural forms. The glass objects of this style were elegant in outline, although oftendeliberately distorted, with pale or iridescent surfaces. A favored device of the style was to imitate the iridescent surface seen on ancient glass that had been buried. Much of the ArtNouveau glass produced during the years of its greatest popularity had been genericallyTermed “art glass.” Art glass was intended for decorative purposes and relied for its effect (10) pon carefully chosen color combinations and innovative techniques.France produced a number of outstanding exponents of the Art Nouveau style; among The most celebrated was Emile Galle (1846-1904). In the United States, Louis ComfortTiffany (1843-1933) was the most noted exponent of this style, producing a great variety of Glass forms and surfaces, which were widely copied in their time and are highly prized(15) today. Tiffany was a brilliant designer, successfully combining ancient Egyptian, Japanese,and Persian motifs.The Art Nouveau style was a major force in the decorative arts from 1895 until 1915, Although its influence continued throughout the mid-1920‟s. It was eventually to beOvertaken by a new school of thought known as Functionalism that had been present since (20) the turn of the century. At first restricted to a small avant-garde group of architects anddesigners, Functionalism emerged as the domiant influence upon designers after the First World War. The basic tenet of the movement-that function should determine from-wasnot a new concept. Soon a distinct aesthetic code evolved: from should be simple, surfaces plain, and any ornament should be based on geometric relationships. This new design (25) concept, coupled with the sharp postwar reactions to the styles and conventions of thepreceding decades, created an entirely new public taste which caused Art Nouveau types of glass to fall out of favor. The new taste demanded dramatic effects of contrast, stark outline and complex textural surfaces.21. What does paragraph 1 mainly discuss?(A) Design elements in the Art Nouveau style(B) The popularity of the Art Nouveau style(C) Production techniques for art glass(D) Color combinations typical of the ArtNouveau style22. The word “one” in line 4 refers to(A) century(B) development(C) style(D) coloration23. Paragraph 1 mentions that Art Nouveau glasswas sometimes similar to which aspect ofancient buried glass？(A) The distortion of the glass(B) The appearance of the glass surface(C) The shapes of the glass objects(D) The size of the glass objects24. The word “prized” in line 14 is closest inmeaning to(A) valued(B) universal(C) uncommon(D) preserved25. The word “overtaken” in line 19 is closestin meaning to(A) surpassed(B) inclined(C) expressed(D) applied26. What does the author mean by stating that“function should determine form” (line 22)?(A) A useful object should not be attractive.(B) The purpose of an object should influenceits form.(C) The design of an object is considered moresignificant than its function.(D) The form of an object should not includedecorative elements.27. It can be inferred from the passage that onereason Functionalism became popular wasthat it(A) clearly distinguished between art anddesign(B) appealed to people who liked complexpainted designs(C) reflected a common desire to break fromthe past(D) was easily interpreted by the general public28. Paragraph 3 supports which of the followingstatements about Functionalism?(A) Its design concept avoided geometricshapes.(B) It started on a small scale and thenspread gradually.(C) It was a major force in the decorative artsbefore the First World War.(D) It was not attractive to architects alldesigners.29. According to the passage, an object made inthe Art Nouveau style would most likelyinclude(A) a flowered design(B) bright colors(C) modern symbols(D) a textured surfaceQuestion 30During most of their lives, surge glaciers behave like normal glaciers, traveling perhaps only a couple of inches per day. However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciersmove forward up to 100 times faster than usual. The surge often progresses along a glacier line like a great wave, proceeding from one section to another. Subglacial streams of meltwater (5) water pressure under the glacier might lift it off its bed, overcoming the friction between iceand rock, thus freeing the glacier, which rapidly sliders downhill Surge glaciers also mightbe influenced by the climate, volcanic heat, or earthquakes. However, many of theseglaciers exist in the same area as normal glaciers, often almost side by side.(10) Some 800 years ago, Alaska‟s Hubbard Glacier advanced toward the sea, retreated, andadvanced again 500 years later. Since 1895, this secentry-mile-long river of ice has beenflowing steadily toward the Gulf of Alaska at a rate of approximately 200 feet per year. InJune 1986, however, the glacier surged ahead as much as 47 feet a day. Meanwhile, awestern tributary, called Valerie Glacier, advanced up to 112 feet a day. Hubbard‟s surge (15) closed off Russell Fiord with a formidable ice dam, some 2,500 feet wide and up to 800feet high, whose caged waters threatened the town of Yakutat to the south.About 20 similar glaciers around the Gulf of Alaska are heading toward the sea. If enough surge glaciers reach the ocean and raise sea levels, West Antarctic ice shelves couldrise off the seafloor and become adrift. A flood of ice would then surge into the Southern (20) Sea. With the continued rise in sea level, more ice would plunge into the ocean, causing sealevels to rise even highter, which in turn would release more ice and set in motion a viciouscycle. The additional sea ice floating toward the tropics would increase Earth‟s albedo andlower global temperatures, perhaps enough to initiate a new ice age. This situation appearsto have occurred at the end of the last warm interglacial (the time between glacations), (25) called the Sangamon, when sea ice cooled the ocean dramatically, spawning the beginningof the Ice Age.30.What is the main topic of the passage?(A) The classification of different types ofsurge glaciers(B) The causes and consequences of surgeglaciers(C) The definition of a surge glacier(D) The history of a particular surge glacier31.The word “intervals” in line 2 is closes t inmeaning to(A) records(B) speeds(C) distances(D) periods32.The author compares the surging motion of asurge giacier to the movement of a(A) fish(B) wave(C) machine(D) boat33.Which of the following does the author mention as a possible cause of surging glaciers?(A) The decline in sea levels(B) The occurrence of unusually large oceanwaves(C) The shifting Antractic ice shelves(D) The pressure of meltwater underneath theglacier34.The word “freeing” in line 7 is closest inmeaning to(A) pushing(B) releasing(C) strengthening(D) draining35. According to the passage, the HubbardGlacier(A) moves more often than the Valerie Glacier(B) began movement toward the sea in 1895(C) is 800 feet wide(D) has moved as fast as 47 feet per day36. Yakutat is the name of(A) an Alaskan town(B) the last ice age(C) a surge glacier(D) an Antarctic ice shelf37.The word “plunge” in line 20 is closest in meaning to(A) drop(B) extend(C) melt(D) drift38.The te rm “vicious cycle” in lines 21-22 refersto the(A) movement pattern of surge glaciers(B) effect surge glaciers could have on thetemperature of tropical areas(C) effect that repeated rising sea levels mighthave on glacial ice(D) constant threat surge glaciers could pose tothe Gulf of Alaska39.The author provides a definition for which ofthe following terms?(A) Tributary (line 14)(B) Ice dam (line 15)(C) Albedo (line 22)(D) Interglacial (line 24)40.Which of the following statements issupported by the passage?(A) The movement of surge glaciers can beprevented.(B) The next ice age could be caused by surgegiaciers.(C) Surge glaciers help to support Antarctic iceshelves.(D) Normal glaciers have little effect onEarth‟s climate.Question 40-50According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group in the United States. In the family,traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, line such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although (5) there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formallythrough election or recruitment.Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of “natural leaders.” It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common;(10) rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities thatmeet the needs of that particular group.Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader, research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held bydifferent individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion (15) of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things”done.” Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes thecollective well-being of a social group‟s member. Expressive leader are less concernedwith the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to groupmembers and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them. Group members (20) expect expressive leaders to maintain stable relationships within the group and providesupport to individual members.Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give orders and may discipline group members who inhibit attainment ofthe group‟s goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to (25) others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties or issubjected to discipline, are quick to lighten a serious moment with humor ,and try toresolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the differences in these two rolessuggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members;instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a motedistant respect.41.What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The problems faced by leaders(B) How leadership differs in small andlarge groups(C) How social groups determine who willlead them(D) The role of leaders in social groups42. The passage mentions all of the followingways by which people can become leadersEXCEPT(A) recruitment(B) formal election process(C) specific leadership training(D) traditional cultural patterns43. In mentioning “natural leaders” in lines 8-9,the author is making the point that(A) few people qualify as “natural leaders”(B) there is no proof that “natural leaders”exist(C) “natural leaders‟ are easily accepted by themembers of a social group(D) “natural leaders” share a similar set ofcharacterisitics44.Which of the following statements aboutleadership can be inferred from paragraph 2?(A) A person who is an effective leader of aparticular group may not be an effectiveleader in another group.(B) Few people succeed in sharing a leadershiprole with another person.(C) A person can best learn how to be aneffective leader by studying research onleadership.(D) Most people desire to be leaders but canproduce little evidence of theirqualifications.45.The passage indicates that instrumentalleaders generally focus on(A) ensuring harmonious relationships(B) sharing responsibility with group members(C) identifying new leaders(D) achieving a goal46.The word “collective” in line 17 is closest inmeaning to(A) necessary(B) typical(C) group(D) particular47.The word “them” in line 19 refers to(A) expressive leaders(B) goals of the group(C) group members(D) tension and conflict48. A “secondary relationship” mentioned inline 22 between a leader and the membersof a group could best be characterized as(A) distant(B) enthusiastic(C) unreliable(D) personal49.The word “resolve” in line 27 is closest inmeaning to(A) avoid repeating(B) talk about(C) avoid thinking about(D) find a solution for50. Paragraphs 3 and 4 organize the discussionof leadership primarily in term of(A) examples that illustrate a problem(B) cause and effect analysis(C) narration of events(D) comparison and contrast。
托福历年真题题目及答案
托福历年真题题目及答案托福历年真题题目及答案在平平淡淡的日常中，我们时常需要做些练习题，而与练习题如影随形的.则是答案，借助答案我们可以更好地掌握此类题型的解题思路和方法。
以下是店铺帮大家整理的托福历年真题题目及答案，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
托福历年真题题目及答案篇1Part VDirection : In this part of the test has incomplete sentences. Four words or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C) and (D) are given beneath each sentence. You are to choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and mark on your answer sheet.101. For several years now, we have seen a marked in attendance and exhibitions at thePCB design conferences.(A) increase (B) increased (C) increasing (D) TO increase102. Make sure that transportation to and from the river is arranged to your .(A) satisfactory (B) satisfaction (C) satisfy (D) to satisfy103. The imposing that will soon be Rand Corporation's R&D center wasrenovated by the highly admired designer Haewook Lee.(A) structural (B) structure (C) structurally (D) in structural104. Employees may receive 50% tuition reimbursement for job-related courses taken with asupervisor's .(A) approves (B) approval (C) approve (D) to approve105. Mr. Hui, a freelance writer here at ESS Newspapers, hasimpeccablefor the position of senior editor.(A) qualified (B) qualifications (C) qualify (D) be qualified106. Because of an illness is much cheaper than treatment, the local health clinic will be offering free flu vaccinations this weekend.(A) prevention (B) prevent (C) to prevent B) prevented107. Legal experts have presented that the DNA samples and fingerprints match.(A) evident (B) evidence (C) evidently (D) to evident108. Mach Corp. has a system that allows clients to manage to employees' files.(A) access (B) accessible (C) to accessible (D) accessibly109. The average listener will not be able to notice any between audio CD and MP3 files.(A) differences (B) different (C) differently (D) of different110. Without your , we cannot guarantee your room after 6 p.m.A) confirm B) confirming C) confirmation D) confirmative111. of countries belonging to GATT approved the agreement yesterday in Geneva.A) Represents B) Representations C) Representatives D) Representing112. Officials of the Sydney head of office will hold a conference to talk about goals for the next ten years.A) them B) their C) theirs D) they113. As a customer service representative, Mrs. Lee tried to solve complaints from customersbefore asking for ______ supervisor's advice.(A) she B) her C) hers D) herself114 Mr. Alfred and I extend thanks to those that have helped this project in the past.(A) us (B) ours (C) our (D) ourselves115. Pioneer Corp. is considering--------- the release of the new equipment scheduled for later this month.(A)postponing (B) postpone (C) to postpone (D) postponement116. The company's business plan includes ---------- revenue from magazine and event promotions designed to help recruiters find qualified applicants.(A) draw (B) drawing (C) to draw (D) drawer117. This guideline is intended to -------- information about our databases and to provide a clear definition of how these database get updated and who has responsibilities(A) clarification (B) classified (C) cleared (D) clarify118. As of July 7, basic monthly telephone service will increase by $1.50 due to the new federal telecommunication tax, -------- state-to-state long-distance rates will decrease an average of 10 percent.(A) otherwise (B) therefore (C) however (D) in addition to119. He makes $20 an hour, has more work than he can handle.(A) and (B) than (C) so (D) but120. Their products are known not only for their low price, __________ for their high quality.(A) but (B) but also (C) and also (D) as well as托福历年真题题目及答案篇2During the second half of the nineteenth century, the production of food and feed crops in the United States rose at an extraordinarily rapid rate. Corn production increased by four anda half times, hay by five times, oats and wheat by seven times. The most crucial factor behind this phenomenal upsurge in productivity was the widespread adoption of labor-saving machinery by northern farmers. By 1850 horse-drawn reaping machines that cut grain were being introduced into the major grain-growing regions of the country. Horse-powered threshing machines to separate the seeds from the plants were already in general use. However, it was the onset of the Civil War in 1861 that provided the great stimulus for the mechanization of northern agriculture. With much of the labor force inducted into the army and with grain prices on the rise, northern farmers rushed to avail themselves of the new labor-saving equipment. In 1860 there were approximately 80,000 reapers in the country; five years later there were 350,000.After the close of the war in 1865, machinery became ever more important in northern agriculture, and improved equipment was continually introduced. By 1880 a self-binding reaper had been perfected that not only cut the grain, but also gathered the stalks and bound them with twine. Threshing machines were also being improved and enlarged, and after 1870 they were increasingly powered by steam engines rather than by horses. Since steam-powered threshing machines were costly items —running from $ 1,000 to $4,000 —they were usually owned by custom thresher owners who then worked their way from farm to farm during the harvest season. "Combines" were also coming into use on the great wheat ranches in California and the Pacific Northwest. These ponderous machines — sometimes pulled by as many as 40 horses — reaped the grain, threshed it, and bagged it, all in one simultaneous operation.The adoption of labor-saving machinery had a profoundeffect upon the sale of agricultural operations in the northern states — allowing farmers to increase vastly their crop acreage. By the end of century, a farmer employing the new machinery could plant and harvest two and half times as much corn as a farmer had using hand methods 50 years before.1. What aspect of farming in the United States in the nineteenth century does the passage mainly discuss?(A) How labor-saving machinery increased crop Production(B) Why southern farms were not as successful as Successful as northern farms(C) Farming practices before the Civil War(D) The increase in the number of people farming2. The word "crucial" in line 4 is closest in meaning to(A) obvious(B) unbelievable(C) important(D) desirable3. The phrase "avail themselves" in line 11 is closest in meaning to(A) take care(B) make use(C) get rid(D) do more4. According to the passage , why was the Civil War a stimulus for mechanization?(A) The army needed more grain in order to feed the soldiers.(B) Technology developed for the war could also the used by farmers.(C) It was hoped that harvesting more grain would lower the price of grain.(D) Machines were needed to replace a disappearing labor force.5. The passage supports which of the following statements about machinery after the Civil War?(A) Many farmers preferred not to use the new machinery.(B) Returning laborers replaced the use of machinery.(C) The use of farm machinery continued to increase.(D) Poor-quality machinery slowed the pace of crop production.6. Combines and self-binding reapers were similar because each(A) could perform more than one function(B) required relatively little power to operate(C) was utilized mainly in California(D) required two people to operate7. The word "they" in line 19 refers to(A) grain stalks(B) threshing machines(C) steam engines(D) horses8. It can be inferred from the passage that most farmers did not own threshing machines because(A) farmers did not know how to use the new machines(B) farmers had no space to keep the machines(C) thresher owner had chance to buy the machines before farmers did(D) the machines were too expensive for every farmer to own9. The word "ponderous" in line 21 is closest in meaning to(A) advanced(B) heavy(C) complex(D) rapid正确答案： ACBDC ABDB 【托福历年真题题目及答案】。
2000年10月TOEFL试题含答案
2000年10月TOEFL试题含答案2000年10月TOEFL试题Section One: Listening ComprehensionPart A1. (A) She has had the man's calculator since Thursday.(B) The man's calculator is broken.(C) The man may use her calculator.(D) She'll return the man's calculator onThursday.2. (A) Buy a different kind of medicine.(B) See a doctor.(C) Take a second pill.(D) Avoid taking any medication.3. (A) He'll go running after his study group meeting.(B) He doesn't agree with the woman about the weather.(C) He doesn't like to go running.(D) He'll go with the woman this afternoon.4. (A) Another friend commented on his haircut too.(B) The woman has mistaken him for another person.(C) He decided to try a new barbershop.(D) A different person cut his hair this time.5. (A) The man shouldn't be surprised at how busy he is.(B) The man should leave more time for his studies.(C) The man should try to find a different job.(D) The bookstore will be hiring more people.6. (A) The woman should get more sleep.(B) The woman may be sicker than she realizes.(C) He isn't sick.(D) He doesn't think the woman is sick.7. (A) The art museum isn't open today.(B) The number 42 bus doesn't run on Mondays.(C) The man should wait for the number' 42 bus.(D) She has never taken the bus to the art museum.8. (A) The man should buy a jacket instead of a suit.(B) The green jacket doesn't fit as well as the blue one.(C) The style of clothing is more important than the color.(D) The man looks better in blue.9. (A) The woman will get to her class on time.(B) The woman should go to a different counter.(C) He doesn't like sandwiches very much.(D) He's having trouble deciding what to eat.10. (A) Her sister's train is late.(B) Her sister will visit in three months.(C) She'll have to leave without her sister.(D) She's eager to see her sister.11. (A) She's pleased they were invited.(B) Susan gave them the wrong directions.(C) They'll probably be late for dinner.(D) Susan's house is probably nearby.12. (A) Buy some orange juice for the woman.(B) Borrow some money from the woman.(C) Drive the woman to the store.(D) Pay back money the woman lent him.13. (A) She hasn't worn the dress in a long time.(B) She doesn't like the dress very much.(C) She intends to give the dress to her sister.(D) She doesn't remember where her sister bought the dress.14. (A) She never cleans the apartment.(B) She's doing a report with her roommate.(C) She's too busy to clean the apartment.(D) She doesn't like sharing an apartment.15. (A) He'll try to finish the novel tonight.(B) He liked the novel very much.(C) He doesn't remember where he put the novel.(D) He's looking forward to the next literature assignment.16. (A) He doesn't like to wake up early in the morning.(B) The woman seems unusually sad.(C) There's no special reason for his good mood.(D) He wasn't in a good mood when he woke up.17. (A) Get a ride to the station with the woman.(B) Take the woman to the station.(C) Borrow the woman's car to go to the station.(D) Drive his car instead of taking the train.18. (A) Review the assignment by himself.(B) Wait a few minutes before trying to phone John again.(C) Ask one of John's housemates about the assignment.(D) Go over to John's house.19. (A) He won't vote for the woman.(B) He may also run for class president.(C) The woman already asked him for his vote.(D) The woman should ask his roommate to vote for her.20. (A) She isn't sure that the author's ideas would work.(B) The author isn't an expert in economics.(C) She has a better theory about the economy.(D) The author spends too much time arguing about details.21. (A) She doesn't agree with the man.(B) The man doesn't need an official grade report.(C) Official copies of grades used to be cheaper.(D) The man should go to a different office.22. (A) Take her bicycle to the repair shop.(B) Leave her bicycle outside.(C) Go to work when it stops raining.(D) Check to make sure the garage is dry.23. (A) Others should hear about the man's accomplishment.(B) The man should avoid talking about his accomplishment.(C) The man's parents helped him gel the scholarship.(D) The man's parents already told her about his scholarship.24. (A) The course is too difficult,(B) The professor changed his mind.(C) The final exam was cancelled.(D) The woman misunderstood the professor.25. (A) The coffee used to taste better.(B) He's surprised that the woman drinks coffee.(C) He'd rather drink something other than coffee.(D) The coffee tastes the same as before.26. (A) Come back later in the day.(B) Join the staff meeting. .(C) Wait for the pool to open.(D) Wait for the competition to begin.27. (A) He'd like to go to the theater Friday night.(B) He already has a ticket for the Friday night performance.(C) He doesn't think he can exchange his ticket.(D) He rarely goes to the movies.28. (A) She took a history class last year.(B) She doesn't trust the man's opinion.(C) She probably won't take any history classes.(D) She didn't like her sociology professor.29, (A) The other job wouldn't have paid for her tuition.(B) The woman should have taken the other job offer.(C) The woman should get an advanced degree.(D) Paid tuition is only a small benefit.30. (A) The man should have signed her up for the class.(B) The man needs to pay more attention in class.(C) She warned the man not to take an early morning class.(D) She thought the chemistry class was difficult.PartB31. (A) To return some business books.(B) To apply for a new library card.(C) To check out some books from the library(D) To find out where the art books are located.32. (A) The library assistant thinks he has an overdue book.(B) The books he needs have been checked out by someone else.(C) The library assistant is unable to locate the books that he needs.(D) A library notice was sent to him at his previous address.33. (A) To explain why he had difficulty finding the library.(B) To explain why he couldn't have borrowed library books in June.(C) To explain why he doesn't yet have a library card,(D) To explain why he needs assistance in locating a book.34. (A) The man has mistakenly received someone else's books.(B) The man changed his major from art to business.(C) The man recently moved off campus.(D) There are two students named Robert Smith.35. (A) See if he is related to any of the students.(B) Apply for a job as a library assistant.(C) Use his middle name.(D) Use a different library.36. (A) Its similarities to previous architecture.(B) Its impressive and distinctive features.(C) Methods used in its construction.(D) How it was preserved for later generations.37. (A) Public market days.(B) Races and sporting events.(C) Processions of priests.(D) Speeches by politicians.38. (A) It was removed by an invading army.(B) It broke off when part of the hall collapsed.(C) It was cut away to let banners pass through the entrance.(D) It was later used in building another temple.39. (A) Its lighting.(B) Its sound quality.(C) Its air circulation.(D) Its stability in an earthquake.Part C40. (A) The relationship between physics and philosophy.(B) Ancient Greek beliefs about matter and motion.(C) The effects of Aristotle's philosophy on current theories of physics.(D) Aristotle's use of fire in scientific experiments.41. (A) Earth.(B) Water.(C) Air.(D) Fire.42. (A) Pulling and pushing motions.(B) Throwing motions.(C) Planetary motions.(D) Natural downward or upward motions.43. (A) It's pushed away from Earth by fire.(B) It's trying to return to its natural resting place.(C) It's attracted to other planets.(D) Its main substance is water.44. (A) To solicit volunteers for Turtle Watch.(B) To give an assignment to a biology class.(C) To warn students not to hurt green turtles.(D) To describe the nesting and hatching activities of the green turtle.45. (A) The lights attract predators.(B) They need to save electricity.(C) The baby turtles are attracted to light.(D) The volunteers use lights for signals.46. (A) Write a report about their activities.(B) Attend make-up classes with Dr.Webster.(C) Help find turtle eggs before they hatch.(D) Spend two hours working for the project.47. (A) How people in rural areas preserved food.(B) The construction of icehouses.(C) An important industry in the nineteenth century.(D) How improvements in transportation affected industry.48. (A) Modem technology for the kitchen.(B) Improved transportation systems.(C) Industrial use of streams and rivers.(D) Increased temperatures in many areas.49. (A) Only wealthy families had them.(B) They were important to the ice industry.(C) They were built mostly on the east coast.(D) They are no longer in common use.50. (A) To keep train engines cool.(B) To preserve perishable food.(C) To store ice while it was being transported.(D) To lift blocks of ice from frozen lakes and ponds.Section Two: Structure and Written Expression1. The role of the ear is acoustic disturbances into neural signals suitable for transmission to the brain.(A) to code(B) so that coded(C) coded(D) it coding2. The imagist movement in poetry arose during the second decade of the twentieth century----against romanticism,(A) when a revolt(B) as a revolt(C) a revolt was(D) that a revolt3. Virtually species have biological clocks that regulate their metabolism over a 24-hour period.(A) all there are(B) all(C) all are(D) they all4. According to United States criminal law, insanity may relieve a person from the usual legal consequences(A) what his or her acts have(B) of his or her acts are(C) of his or her acts(D) what of his or her acts5. In addition to a place where business deals are made, a stock exchange collects statistics, publishes price quotations, and sets rules and standards for trading.(A) being(B) it is(C) that which(D) where is6. The first inhabitants of the territories ------Canada came across the Bering Strait and along the edge of the Arctic ice.(A) make up that now(B) make up now that(C) that make up now(D) that now make up7. need for new schools following the Second World War that provided the sustained thrust for the architectural program in Columbus, Indiana.(A) Since the(B) To be the(C) The(D) It was the8. The soybean contains vitamins, essential minerals, high percentage of protein.(A) a(B) and a(C) since a(D) of which a9. Hail is formed when a drop of rain is carried by an updraft to an altitude where -----to freeze it.(A) is the air cold enough(B) the air cold enough(C) the cold enough air(D) the air is cold enough10. Geometrically, the hyperbolic functions are related to the hyperbola,------the trigonometric functions are related to the circle.(A) just as(B) same(C) similar to(D) and similar11. , Kilauea is one of the world's mostactive volcanoes, having erupted dozens of times since 1952.(A) The big island of Hawaii's location(B) Locates the big island of Hawaii(C) Located on the big island of Hawaii(D) On the big island of Hawaii's location12. Not until the eighteenth century the complex chemistry of metallurgy(A) when scientists began to appreciate(B) did scientists begin to appreciate(C) scientists who were beginning to appreciate(D) the appreciation of scientists began13. 1810, water-powered textile manufacturing arrived in New Hampshire with the founding of a company in Manchester that manufactured cotton and wool.(A) Early(B) In the early(C) As early as(D) When early14. The settings of Eudora Welty's stories may be rather limited, but--------about human natureis quite broad.(A) exposes(B) exposes that(C) she exposes(D) what she exposes15. Lichens grow extremely well in very cold parts of the world -------- plants can survive.(A) where few other(B) few others(C) where do few others(D) there are few others16．The pear tree has simple, oval leaves that are smoother and shinier than them of theA B C D apple.17．In the orbit of a planet around the Sun, the point closest to the Sun is called it theA B C D perihelion.18．In the early 1900’s, Roy Harris created and promoted a distinctly American style of A B Cclassical music and greatly influenced a number of composer in the United States.D19．The eighteenth century witnessed the emergence of North American ports,Aparticular Boston, New York, and Philadelphia, as major commercial centers within theB C D British empire.20．Guitarlike instruments have exist since ancient times, but the first written mentionA B Cof the guitar itself is from the fourteenth century.D21．The law of biogenesis is the principle what all living organisms are derived from aA B Cparent or parents.D22．Onyx is a mineral that can be recognized its regular and straight parallel bands ofA B Cwhite, black, or brown.D23．There are as many as 200 million insects for every human beings, and in fact theirA Btotal number exceeds that of all other animals taken together.24．Native to South America and cultivated there for thousands of years, the peanutA Bis said to have introduced to North America by early explorers.C D25．Originally canoes were made by the hollowing out of logs and used were for combatA B Cas well as transport.D26．Among the symptoms of measles, which takes about twelve days to incubate, are a highA B C fever, swelling of glands in the neck, a cough, and sensitive to light.D27．Ice crystals in a glacier tends to melt and recrystallize within a brief moment of travel A B C Don a downhill glide.28．Photograph was revolutionized in 1851 by the introduction of the collodion processA B Cfor making glass negatives.D29．The piano is a stringed musical instrument in which the strings are strike byA B Cfelt-covered hammers controlled by a keyboard.D30．The sounds used in human languages to create meaning consist of small variation inA Bair pressure can be sensed by the ear.C D31．The mountains, especially the Rocky Mountains, formerly constituted a seriouslyA Bbarrier to east-west trade in British Columbia.C D32．Telescope are frequently used in astronomy to collect light from a celestial object,A Bbring the light into focus, and producing a magnified image.C D33．Diamond is the hardest known substance, so diamond can be cut only by anotherA B C D diamonds.34．There are about 350 species and subspecies of birds in danger of become extinct,A Bwith a large number of them, 117 in all, found on oceanic islands.35．The nineteenth-century romantic movement in art was partially a reaction to whatA B Cwas perceived as overemphasis on reasonable and order in neoclassicism.D36．Like triglycerides, cholesterol is a type of fat that is both consumed in the diet butA B C D manufactured by the body.37．Both the United States silver dollar and half-dollar, first minted in 1794, had a figureA B Cof Liberty on one side and a eagle on the reverse side.D38．For an advertisement to be effective, its production and placement must to be basedA B Con a knowledge of human nature and a skilled use of the media.D39．While photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured and used to convertA B Cwater, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds.D40．The Democratic Party, the most oldest existing political party in the United States,A Bhas played a vital role in the nation’s history.C DSection Three: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 1-10One area of paleoanthropological study involves the eating and dietary habits of hominids, erect bipedal primates—including early humans. It is clear that at some stage of history, humans began to carry their food to central places, called home bases, where itLine was shared and consumed with the young and other adults. The use of home bases is a(5) fundamental component of human social behavior; the common meal served at a common hearth is a powerful symbol, a mark of social unity. Home base behavior does not occur among nonhuman primates and is rare among mammals. It is unclear when humans began to use home bases, what kind of communications and social relations were involved, and what the ecological and food-choice contexts of the shift were. Work on early tools,(10) surveys of paleoanthropological sites, development and testing of broad ecological theories, and advances in comparative primatology are contributing to knowledge about this central chapter in human prehistory.One innovative approach to these issues involves studying damage and wear on stone tools. Researchers make tools that replicate excavated specimens as closely as possible(15) and then try to use them as the originals might have been used, in woodcutting, hunting, or cultivation. Depending on how the tool is used, characteristic chippage patterns andmicroscopically distinguishable polishes develop near the edges. The first application of this method of analysis to stone tools that are 1.5 million to 2 million years old indicates that, from the start, an important function of early stone tools was to extract highly(20) nutritious food—meat and marrow-from large animal carcasses. Fossil bones with cut marks caused by stone tools have been discovered lying in the same 2-million-year-old layers that yielded the oldest such tools and the oldest hominid specimens (including humans) with larger than ape-sized brains. This discovery increases scientists' certainty about when human ancestors began to eat more meat than present-day nonhuman(25) primates. But several questions remain unanswered: how frequently meat eating occurred; what the social implications of meat eating were; and whether the increased use of meat coincides with the beginnings of the use of home bases.1. The passage mainly discusses which of the following aspects of hominid behavior?(A) Changes in eating and dietary practices(B) The creation of stone hunting tools(C) Social interactions at home bases(D) Methods of extracting nutritious food from carcasses2. According to the passage, bringing a meal to a location to be shared by many individuals is(A) an activity typical of nonhuman primates(B) a common practice among animals that eat meat(C) an indication of social unity .(D) a behavior that encourages better dietary habits3. The word "consumed" in line 4 is closest in meaning to(A) prepared(B) stored(C) distributed(D) eaten4. According to paragraph 2, researchers make copies of old stone tools in order to(A) protect the old tools from being worn out(B) display examples of the old tools in museums(C) test theories about how old tools were used(D) learn how to improve the design of modern tools5. In paragraph 2, the author mentions all of the following as examples of ways in which early stone tools were used EXCEPT to(A) build home bases(B) obtain food(C) make weapons(D) shape wood6. The word "innovative" in line 13 is closest in meaning to(A) good(B) new(C) simple(D) costly7. The word "them" in line 15 refers to(A) issues(B) researchers(C) tools(D) specimens8. The author mentions "characteristic chippage patterns" in line 16 as an example of(A) decorations cut into wooden objects(B) differences among tools made of various substances(C) impressions left on prehistoric animal bones(D) indications of wear on stone tools9. The word "extract" in line 19 is closest in meaning to(A) identify(B) remove(C) destroy(D) compare10. The word "whether" in line 26 is closest in meaning to(A) if(B) how(C) why(D) whenQuestions 11-20In seventeenth-century colonial North America, all day-to-day cooking was done in the fireplace. Generally large, fireplaces were planned for cooking as well as for warmth. Those in the Northeast were usually four or five feet high, and in the South, they wereLine often high enough for a person to walk into. A heavy timber called the mantel tree was(5) used as a lintel to support the stonework above the fireplace opening. This timber might be scorched occasionally, but it was far enough in front of the rising column of heat to be safe from catching fire.Two ledges were built across from each other on the inside of the chimney. On these rested the ends of a "lug pole" from which pots were suspended when cooking. Wood(10) from a freshly cut tree was used for the lug pole, so it would resist heat, but it had to be replaced frequently because it dried out and charred, and was thus weakened. Sometimes the pole broke and the dinner fell into the fire. When iron became easier to obtain, it was used instead of wood for lug poles, and later fireplaces had pivoting metal rods to hang pots from. (15) Beside the fireplace and built as part of it was the oven. It was made like a small, secondary fireplace with a flue leading into the main chimney to draw out smoke. Sometimes the door of the oven faced the room, but most ovens were built with the opening facing into the fireplace. On baking days (usually once or twice a week) a roaring fire of "oven wood," consisting of brown maple sticks, was maintained in the oven until its(20) walls were extremely hot. The embers were later removed, bread dough was put into the oven, and the oven was sealed shut until the bread was fully baked.Not ai! baking was done in a big oven, however. Also used was an iron "bake kettle," which looked like a stewpot on legs and which had an iron lid. This is said to have worked well when it was placed in the fireplace, surrounded by glowing wood embers, with more(25) embers piled on its lid.11. Which of the following aspects of domestic life in colonial North America does the passage mainly discuss?(A) Methods of baking bread(B) Fireplace cooking(C) The use of iron kettles in a typical kitchen(D) The types of wood used in preparing meals12. The author mentions the fireplaces built in the South to illustrate(A) how the materials used were similar to the materials used in northeastern fireplaces(B) that they served diverse functions(C) that they were usually larger than northeastern fireplaces(D) how they were safer than northeastern fireplaces13. The word "scorched" in line 6 is closest in meaning to(A) burned(B) cut(C) enlarged(D)bent14. The word "it" in line 6 refers to(A) the stonework(B) the fireplace opening(C) the mantel tree(D) the rising column of heat15. According to the passage, how was food usually cooked in a pot in the seventeenth century?(A) By placing the pot directly into the fire(B) By putting the pot in the oven(C) By filling the pot with hot water(D) By hanging the pot on a pole over the fire16. The word "obtain" in line 12 is closest in meaning to(A) maintain(B) reinforce(C) manufacture(D) acquire17. Which of the following is mentioned in paragraph 2 as a disadvantage of using a wooden lug pole?(A) It was made of wood not readily available.(B) It was difficult to move or rotate.(C) It occasionally broke.(D) It became too hot to touch.18. It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that, compared to other firewood, "oven wood" produced(A) less smoke(B) more heat(C) fewer embers(D) lower flames19. According to paragraph 3, all of the following were true of a colonial oven EXCEPT:(A) It was used to heat the kitchen every day.(B) It was built as part of the main fireplace.(C) The smoke it generated went out through the main chimney.(D) It was heated with maple sticks.20. According to the passage, which of the following was an advantage of a "bake kettle"?(A) It did not take up a lot of space in the fireplace.(B) It did not need to be tightly closed.(C) It could be used in addition to or instead of the oven.(D) It could be used to cook several foods at one time.Questions 21-29Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects—an estimated 90 percent of theworld's species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies alsohave a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an excellent group for(5) communicating information on science and conservation issues such as diversity.Perhaps the aspect of butterfly diversity that has received the most attention over the past century is the striking difference in species richness between tropical and temperate regions.For example, in 1875 one biologist pointed out the diversity of butterflies in the Amazon when he mentioned that about 700 species were found within an hour's walk, whereas the total (10) number found on the British islands did not exceed 66, and the whole of Europe supported only321. This early comparison of tropical and temperate butterfly richness has been well confirmed.A general theory of diversity would have to predict not only this difference betweentemperate and tropical zones, but also patterns within each region, and how these patterns vary (15) among different animal and plant groups. However, for butterflies, variation of species richnesswithin temperate or tropical regions, rather man between them, is poorly understood. Indeed, comparisons of numbers of species among the Amazon basin, tropical Asia, and Africa are still mostly "personal communication" citations, even for vertebrates, In other words, unlike comparison between temperate and tropical areas, these patterns are still in the documentation(20)phase.In documenting geographical variation in butterfly diversity, some arbitrary, practicaldecisions are made. Diversity, number of species, and species richness are used synonymously; little is known about the evenness of butterfly distribution. The New World butterflies makeup the preponderance of examples because they are the most familiar species. It is hoped that (25) by focusing on them, the errors generated by imperfect and incomplete taxonomy will be minimized.21. Which aspect of butterflies does the passage mainly discuss?(A) Their physical characteristics(B) Their names(C) Their adaptation to different habitats(D) Their variety22. The word "consequence" in line 2 is closest in meaning to(A) result(B) explanation(C) analysis(D) requirement23. Butterflies are a good example for communicating information about conservation issues because they(A) are simple in structure(B) are viewed positively by people(C) have been given scientific names(D) are found mainly in temperateclimates24. The word "striking" in line 7 is closest in meaning to(A) physical(B) confusing(C) noticeable(D) successful25. The word "exceed" in line 10 is closest in meaning to(A) locate(B) allow(C) go beyond(D) come close to26. All of the following are mentioned as being important parts of a general theory of diversity EXCEPT(A) differences between temperate and tropical zones(B) patterns of distribution of species in each region(C) migration among temperate and tropical zones(D) variation of patterns of distribution of species among different animals and plants。
托福独立写作常考题目汇总
托福独立写作常考题目汇总初入托福备考的学生可能会感受到，托福写作也许并不是我们想象中的那么简单。
相比托福口语，对于中国学生来说，托福写作也可以算的上是第二大弱项了。
其中语法、用词以及逻辑思维是写作的问题所在。
只有在日常生活中多读些范文，了解托福写作中满分作文的逻辑思维，从哪方面考虑问题，句型难度，才可更好的进行锻炼。
在以下内容中，我们就为大家分类整理一下常见的托福写作题目，希望能为你的备考带来帮助。
托福独立写作常考题目汇总2022年1月6日独立写作Do you agree or disagree with the following statement.Nowadays it is not important for people to have regularly family meals together.2022年1月13日独立写作你同意还是不同意以下观点：政府投资太空旅行或太空探索完全是浪费钱2022年1月27日独立Which one do you think is the most important factor for a student to success at college or university?1. Tutors in university.2. The encouragement from family and friends.3. High-quality education from high school.2022年1月28日独立写作政府想资助以下方面来提高孩子的教育，Which approach is the best?1. Hire more teachers to teach in a small class2. Preschool education before kindergarten3. To provide some training courses so that teachers can be more professional2022年2月4日独立写作：Agree or disagree? It is better for the younger people to take risk and e某plore new things than the older people.2022年3月10日独立写作：People can solve important problems bythemselves or with the help from their family members, so there is no need forthe government to help them.2022年3月11日独立写作Do you agree or disagree with the following statement：Most people can solve important problems in their lives by themselves or with the help of their families; help from the government is often unnecessary.2022年3月24日独立写作重复2022年7月6日(A/D) People should take time to rela某 with hobbies or physical activities that are very different from what they do at work.√ Agree:Point 1: to broaden one’s horizons/develop one’s intere sts.Point 2: to enlarge one’s friend circle.Point 3: combination of one’s career & interestSimilar Topics:Topic 1: Workers would be much happier if they are doing different types of tasks during their workday than doing the same task.Topic 2: It is more likely for people with more skills to succeed.托福写作范文:要想取得成功必须接受新观点6月18日托福独立写作真题回顾To be a successful person, one must be open to new ideas and willing to change his or her mind. (大陆)6月18日托福独立写作点睛：题目大意：要想取得成功，人们必须要接受新的观点并且愿意改变自己原有的观点。
06=07题目
附录一：2006年所有新托福独立写作题目总结(1)9.15现在信息很多，人们不知道是否该听谁的，真假难辨(2)9.23THE MOST IMPORTANT EDUCATION FOR STUDENTS是不是在CLASSROOM和SCHOOL实现的问题。
(3)10.8问car use20年后会减少，你同意吗？(4)10.15knowledge learned through study和ability to be creative那个重要。
(5)10.21选课挑难的，即使分数不高也在所不惜。
(6)10.22现在这个年代，一个人想一辈子呆在一个单位工作是不可能的，是不现实的。
你是否同意这个观点？(7)10.28 would you agree that young people enjoy life more better than older people。
(8) 10.29新能源(太阳能、风能)很快会代替传统能源(天然气、煤)。
(9) 11.3为大公司工作好还是为小公司工作好(10) 11.5 agree or disagree that Pro. gives the same grade to all the members of a project group(11) 11.17工作为了快乐还是MONEY？(12) 11.18 The best way to travel is in a group led by the guide.(13) 11.19 选课根据爱好还是将来工作和职业的需要？(14) 12.1Do you agree or disagree with the opinion that: The influence of classmates are more important than that from the parents on the children.？(15)12.3 Grades(marks) encourage students to learn(16)12.8 It is better to broad knowledge of many academic subjects than specialize on one specific subject.(17)12.10把土地给人用是不是比给濒危动物用更重要(18)12.15有的人认为网络给人们带来了大量的信息，好啊，也有的人觉得这些信息带来了麻烦，你的观点(19)12.16同意不同意：一个聪明的朋友比一个幽默的朋友重要07(1)1.13Many teachers assign homework to students every day. Do you think that daily homework is necessary for students? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.(2)1.14是否要在繁忙时间对繁忙路段课税(3)1.19 Agree or disagree: Most people often let others make decisions for them rather than make decisions by themselves.(4)1.26speaking important or writing important?(5)2.3看电视比看书学的多(6)3.3Because people are too busy doing many things，they can do few things well.(7)3.4intoday's world, the ability to cooperate well with others is more important than before. Agree or not(8)3.10老师给学生自信比教专门知识更重要(9)3.23你喜欢看严肃题材的电影还是商业题材的电影？(10)4.21电影和电视［movies and television］对年轻人的行为方式［the way young people behavior］主要是消极的影响。
托福(写作)历年真题试卷汇编2(题后含答案及解析)
托福（写作）历年真题试卷汇编2(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.8 million years ago, weaker animals tended to die from the severe cold or other harsh physical conditions. Smilodons, however, were hardy enough to resist the cold and survive, despite the unforgiving nature of the world in which they lived. As to the fossil evidence discovered in the tar pit, there may be other explanations for the death of so many smilodons in one place at the same time. Upon seeing a wounded animal caught in the sticky tar, several individual smilodons probably attempted to capture the animal and became stuck themselves. One smilodon entered the pit, became trapped, and in turn attracted other smilodons to the pit as well. Smilodons, due to their natural physical prowess, were gifted hunters. They had thick fur and were equipped with long, sharp teeth capable of ripping the flesh from prey. Therefore, they had little need to hunt in groups: a lone smilodon could easily fend for itself and survive.4．Writing Based on Reading and Listening Directions: For this task, you will read a passage about an academic topic and you will listen to a lecture about the same topic. You may take notes while you read and listen. Then you will write a response to a question that asks you about the relationship between the lecture you heard and the reading passage. Try to answer the question as completely as possible using information from the reading passage and the lecture. The question does not ask you to express your personal opinion. You may refer to the reading passage again when you write. You may use your notes to help you answer the question. Typically, an effective response will be 150 to 225 words. Your response will be judged on the quality of your writing and on the completeness and accuracy of the content. You should allow 3 minutes to read the passage. Then listen to the lecture. Then allow 20 minutes to plan and write your response. Write your response in the space provided. Reading You will have 3 minutes to read the passage. The smilodons, a type of sabre-toothed tiger, despite having been extinct for thousands of years, nevertheless continue to attract much scientific research. Recently the question of whether they were social animals or not has aroused a heated debate. As far as we are concerned, they belong to the social animal classification, which is explained in the following paragraphs. First, smilodons lived in both South and North America from 1.8 million to 100,000 years ago, and through observing fossils from that period, scientists found evidence that some smilodons were wounded but still managed to survive. This raises an obvious question: Without the company of other members, how could the wounded smilodons survive? The wounded tigers needed other members of the pack to hunt for them and tend to their wounds. Fossils suggest that smilodons are social animals. Second, smilodon fossils discovered in the Rhea Kapoor tar pit in Los Angeles reflect a scene of their joint hunting at that time. An herbivore was caught in the sticky tar pit and on the verge of dying, and began attracting many hungry predators such as smilodons. However, during the process of capturing and eating the wounded beast stuck in the tar, many smilodons were also trapped in the gooey mess and died together as a group.Third, living and hunting together would have improved smilodons’competitive advantages. Though nowadays most tigers live and hunt alone, smilodons were quite different. Living in a time period where the natural environment was harsh and game was limited, smilodons had to cooperate with each other to hunt successfully, and in turn survive as a species. Then you will hear: Now listen to part of a lecture on the topic you just read about. Lecture Question Summarize the points made in the lecture you just heard, explaining how they cast doubt on points made in the reading passage.正确答案：The reading hypothesizes that smilodons, the extinct sabre-toothed tiger, were in fact social animals. The professor discounts the evidence given, claiming that none of it sufficiently proves the smilodon was a social animal. First, the reading claims that wounded smilodons were still able to survive, and this would have been virtually impossible without the aid and protection of other tigers within a pack. The professor is unconvinced, and says that smilodons were such powerful and tenacious animals that even the wounded could survive by scavenging for corpses left behind by other predators. Additionally, even wounded smilodons could have survived in harsh conditions due to their natural hardiness and physical resilience. Next, the reading suggests that fossils found in the Rhea Kapoor tar pit in California indicate a group of smilodons all drowned in the tar while trying to surround and feed on a wounded herbivore. Instead of agreeing that they died together as a pack, the professor posits that many individual smilodons became stuck in the muck at different times, while trying to get to the wounded prey. Last, the passage describes the natural advantages of smilodons cooperating as a pack. The professor disagrees, and says that smilodons were evolved perfectly for their harsh environment, with strong, furred bodies and long sharp teeth for hunting. They needed no help in surviving solo.解析：针对剑齿虎是否是群居动物，阅读文章认为它是，并提出三点理由：首先，受伤的剑齿虎存活下来可能得益于其他同伴的帮助；其次，化石上发现了一群剑齿虎留下的信息；最后，恶劣的生存环境使它们必须群体生活。
2000年1月5月8月10月TOEFL托福语法题笔记
2000年01月语法题1. Amanda Way’s career as a social reformer____ in 1851 when, at an antislavery meetingin Indiana, she called for a state woman’s rights convention.(A) begin(B) began(C) have begun(D) to have begun2. The celesta, an orchestral percussion instrument, resembles___(A) a small upright piano(B) how a small upright piano(C) a small upright piano is(D) as a small upright piano3. Thomas Paine, _____, wrote Common Sense, a pamphlet that identified the American colonies with the cause of liberty.(A) writer of eloquent(B) whose eloquent writing(C) an eloquent writer(D) writing eloquent4. Although beavers rarely remain submerged for more than two minutes, they can stay underwater___fifteen minutes before having to surface for air.(A) as long(B) as long as(C) so long(D) so long that5. Protein digestion begins in the stomach ____ends in the small intestine.(A) while(B) and(C) how(D) because6. When natural gas burns, its___ into atoms of carbon and hydrogen.(A) hydrocarbon molecules, breaking up(B) broke up by hydrocarbon molecules(C) hydrocarbon molecules break up(D) broken up hydrocarbon molecules7. _____ ballet dancers learn five basic positions for the arms and feet.(A) All of(B) Of every(C) All(D) Every8. Some colonies of bryozoans, small marine animals, form ___with trailing stems.(A) creeping colonies(B) which colonies creep(C) creeping colonies are(D) colonies creep9. Ruth Bader Ginsburg argued six women’s rights cases before the United States Supreme Court in the 1970’s,____(A) of five winning them(B) five winning of them(C) of them five winning(D) winning five of them10. Natural selection is defined as the process ___the course of evolution by preserving those traits best adapted for an organism’s survival.(A) to which directs(B) of which directs it(C) directs it(D) that directs11. ____ 363 miles between the cities of Albany and Buffalo in New York State, the Eric Canal helped link the Atlantic Ocean with the Great Lakes.(A) The extension of(B) The extension(C) Extending(D) Extends12.The chief sources of B12,a water-soluble vitamin ____ stored in the body, include meat, milk and eggs.(A) is not(B) that is not(C) not that is(D) that not13. ____ is rooted in experiments in iron and steel conducted in the nineteenth century.(A) While the history of twentieth-century architecture(B) The history of twentieth-century architecture(C) That the history of twentieth-century architecture(D) Both twentieth-century architecture and its history14.The primary source of energy for tropical cyclones is the latent heat released when ____(A) does water vapor condense(B) condensed water vapor(C) water vapor condenses(D) the condensation of water vapor15. Maufacturing is Canada’s most important economic activity, ____17 percent of the workforce.(A) engages(B) and to engage(C) that it engage(D) engaging16. The outer layer of the heart, called the pericardium, forms a sac in what the heart lies.17. Wood from the ash tree becomes extremely flexibly when it is exposed to steam.18. The ability to talk is one of the skill that make humans different from the rest of the animalworld.19. In plane geometry, the sum of the internal angles of any triangle has always equal to 180degrees.20. Polar bears are bowlegged and pigeon-toed, adaptations that enable this massive animals tomaintain their balance as they walk.21. Caves are formed by the chemical or action mechanical of water on soluble rock, byvolcanic activity, and by earthquakes.22. Celery, an edible plant is having long stalks topped with feathery leaves, grows best in coolweather.23. The first fiction writer in the United States to achieve international fame was WashingtonIrving, who wrote many stories, included“ Rip Van Winkle” and“The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”.24. Three fundamental aspects of forest conversation are the protection of immature trees, the useof proper harvesting methods, and provide for anenvironment that supports reproduction.25. For each enzyme reaction there is an optimum temperature which maximum efficiency isachieved.26. Adolescence is a transitional stage in human development from the beginning of puberty tothe attainment of the emotion, social, and physical maturity ofadulthood.27. The people native to the northwest coast of North American have long be known for woodcarvings of stunning beauty and extraordinary quality.28. Colonial efforts to manufacture glass at Jamestown---- and later attempts near Philadelphiaand Boston---failed despite the abundant of fuel and good rawmaterials.29. The orbit of a celestial body is usually in the shape of ellipse.30. Chicago is the third largest publishing center in the United States, exceeding only by NewYork City and San Francisco.31. North American bison differ from domestic cattle in have 14 rather than 13 pairs of ribs.32. Female sea turtles, before laying her eggs, swim as much as 2,000 kilometers to return to thebeaches where they themselves were hatched.33. Water is the only substance that occur at ordinary temperatures in all three states of matter:solid, liquid and gas.34. Despite the growth of manufacturing and other industries, the economy of the state of Texashas remained heavily dependence on oil and gas.35. Lyndon B. Johnson was the only United States President who oath of office was administeredby a woman Judge Sarah Tilghman Hughes.36. It took more than fourteen years to carve the faces of four United States Presidents into thegranite cliffs to Mount Rushmore, South Dakota.37.Charles Bullfinch was the architect who design the original red brick core of the State Housein Boston.38.Rarely has a technological development had as great an impact on as much aspects of social,economic, and cultural development as the growth ofelectronics.39. Lowell, Massachusetts, known as the “Spindle City” since 1822 when its first textile mills werebuilt, attracted worldwide attention as textile center.40.Strange Victory, Sara Teas dale’s smallest and most perfect collection of poems, appear inprint in 1933.2000年05月语法题1.From 1949 onward, the artist Georgia O’ Keeffe made New Mexico ______.(A) her permanent residence was(B) where her permanent residence(C) permanent residence for her(D) her permanent residence2. Just as remote-controlled satellites can be employed to explore outer space,_______employed to investigate the deep sea.(A) can be robots(B) robots can be(C) can robots(D) can robots that are3. In ______ people, the areas of the brain that control speech are located in theleft hemisphere.(A) mostly of(B) most(C) almost the(D) the most of4. Stars shine because of _______ produced by the nuclear reactions taking placewithin them.(A) the amount of light and heat is(B) which the amount of light and heat(C) the amount of light and heat that it is(D) the amount of light and heat5. ________ is not clear to researchers.(A) Why dinosaurs having become extinct(B) Why dinosaurs became extinct(C) Did dinosaurs become extinct(D) Dinosaurs became extinct6.Although many people use the word “milk” to refer cow’s milk, _______ to milkfrom any animal, including human milk and goat’s milk.(A) applying it also(B) applies also(C) it also applies(D) but it also applies7. The first transatlantic telephone cable system was not established _______ 1956.(A) while(B) until(C) on(D) when8. _______ no two people think exactly alike, there will always be disagreement,but disagreement should not always be avoided; it can be healthy if handled creatively.(A) There are(B) Why(C) That(D) Because9.Drinking water ________ excessive amounts of fluorides may leave a stained ormottled effect on the enamel of teeth.(A) containing(B) in which containing(C) contains(D) that containC 同B10. In the 1820’s physical education became_______ of the curriculum of Harvardand Yale Universities.(A) to be part(B) which was part(C) was part(D) partA 不定式不能做表语11. Pewter, _______ for eating and drinking utensils in colonial America, is aboutninety percent tin, which copper or bismuth added for hardness.(A) was widely used(B) widely used it(C) widely used(D) which widely used12.A moth possesses two pairs of wings _____ as single pair and are covered with dustlike scales.(A) function(B) are functioning(C) that function(D) but functions13.Soap operas, a type of television drama series, are so called because at first,they were ________.(A) often which soap manufacturers sponsored(B) sponsored often soap manufacturers(C) often sponsored by soap manufacturers(D) soap manufacturers often sponsored them14.The Woolworth Building in New York was the highest in America when _______ in1943 and was famous for its use of Gothic decorative detail.(A) built(B) it built(C) was built(D) built it15.Humans, ________, interact through communicative behavior by means of signs orsymbols used conventionally.(A) like other animals(B) how other animals(C) other animals that(D) do other animals16.More and 90 percent of the calcium in the human body is in the skeleton.17. Perhaps the most popular film in movie history, Star Wars was written anddirection by George Lucas.18. Some animal activities, such as mating, migration, and hibernate, have ayearly cycle.19. Geographers were once concerned largely with exploring areas unknown tothem and from describing distinctive features of individual places.20. In his animated films, Walt Disney created animals that talk and act likepeople while retaining its animal traits.21. The first city in the United States that put into effect major plan for theclustering of government buildings was Washington, D.C.22. In a microwave oven, radiation penetrates food and is then absorbedprimarily by water molecules, caused heat to spread through the food.23.The cultures early of the genus Homo were generally distinguished byregular use of stone tools and by a hunting and gathering economy.24. Dolphins are sleek and powerful swimmers that found in all seas and unlikeporpoises have well defined, beaklike snouts and conical teeth.25. The velocity of a river is controlled by the slope, the depth, and thetough of the riverbed.26. The phonograph record was the first successful medium for capturing,preservation and reproducing sound.27. Generally, the pattern of open space in urban areas has shaped bycommercial systems, governmental actions, and cultural traditions.28. A liquid that might be a poor conductor when pure is often used to makesolutions that readily transmits electricity.29.The initial discovery by humans almost 10,000 years ago that they couldexploit metallic mineral deposits was an important milestone in thedevelopment civilization.30. In 1989 Tillie Fowler a Republican, became the first member of her party toserving as president of the city council of Jacksonville, Florida.31. General anesthesia, which is usually used for major surgery, involves acomplete loss of consciousness and a relaxed of the muscles.32. After first establishment subsistence farms along the Atlantic seaboard,European settlers in North America developed a maritime and shipbuilding industry.33.The legs of a roadrunner are enough strong that it can run up to 24kilometers per hour to catch lizards and small rodents.34. For the immune system of a newborn mammal to develop properly, thepresence of the thymus gland is essentially.35. Physicians working in the field of public health are mainly concerned withthe environmental causes of ill and how to eliminate them.36.By 1850, immigration from distance shores, as well as migration from thecountryside, had caused New York City’s population to swell.37.By identifying similar words or structures in different languages, we findevidence that those languages are related and may be derived from same ancestor.38. Astronomers use photography and sighting telescopes to study the motions ofall of the bright stars and many of the faint one.39.In the nineteenth century a number of Native American tribe, such as theComanche, lived a nomadic existence hunting buffalo.40. The average elevation of West Virginia is about 1,500 foot above sealevel.2000年08月语法题1. 1.The gray scale, a progressive series of shades ranging from black to white, is used incomputer graphics _____ detail to graphical images.(A)(A)added(B)(B)to add(C)(C)are added(D)(D)and add答案：B分析：考察点为动词不定式做目的状语。
历年专四考试作文真题及范文2000--2011
TEM-2011: Should private car owners be taxed for polluti on?With the developme nt of society, many people can afford a car. As the nu mberof the cars is rising, we are facing some problems. One big problem is the polluti on caused by the use of cars .In order to solve this problem, gover nmentagencies in some big cities recently suggest that a “ pollution taxon private cars in order to control the number of cars and reduce pollution in thecity. For my part, I agree to this viewpo int, and my reas ons are as follows:To begi n with, cars con tribute to the environmen tal polluti on. For example, a lotof big cities in China are now plagued by serious air pollution. Then it is theresp onsibilityof these private car owners to pay for the pollution and they should be taxed. The purpose of collect ing environmen tal pollutio n tax is to raise the fun d, and the n utilize the tax revenue lever to protect our en viro nment.Secondly, it is a good way to raise people ' s environmental awareness by putting a pollution tax on private cars. If people suffer from the financial loss when making a decision, they will think more about their decision. Then they willcon sider more whe n decid ing to buy a private car. Con seque ntly, the in creaserate of the nu mber of the private cars can be con trolled.In a word, it is a very good and n ecessary attempt to use the means of taxati onto treat the pollution. Of course, it must be kept in mind that all people, in cludi ng the private car own ers, should try their best to protect the en viro nment.272wordsTEM-2010: Should College Stude nts Hire Cleaners? _____________Accord ing to a rece nt report, six uni versity stude nts hired clea ners to clea n theirdorm and do their laundry every week. Although we have no right to tell themwhat to do with their mon ey, as a uni versity stude nt myself, I find this practice absurd.For a start, away from our parents, it is in university that we learn to bein depe ndent adults. Clea ning the room and doing onebasic living skills. If we always depend on others to take care of us, how can we survive whe n there is no one to help us? How can we take on any resp on sibility whe n we step into society? should be puts laundry are the mostFor another, the practice reflects their flippant attitude towards money. The money they paid for the clea ners probably comes from their pare nts, who must be very depressed once they know the truth. It also sets a very bad precede nt on campus. Other stude nts may follow suit to show the wealth of their families;or worse, they tend to think money can buy them anything in this world, which obviously is wrong.All in all, I think we must do away with this practice. Otherwise, we may n ever appreciate the good value of money and an in depe ndent way of life. The better and sooner we can take care of ourselves, the more proud our pare nts will be.226word TEM-2009: Will Tourism Bring Harm to the Environment? ________________In recent years, tourism has developed rapidly in China. Many people believethat tourism produce positive effects on econo mic growth and we should try our best to promote tourism. But what these people fail to see is that tourism may bring about a disastrous impact on our environment. As for me, rm firmly convinced that too much tourists bring harm to the environment.The bad impact of tourism on the environment has mainly expressed itselfin various ways. One way is the process of exploit ing a new scenic spot. In orderto attract tourists, a lot of artificial facilities have been built, which have certainunfavorable effects on the environment. This process usually breaks theecological bala nee of the area. In some mountainous places, trees are being cut dow n to build hotels for others to see and explore the beauty of the mountains.Then land slides and mud-rock flows come up. Ano ther way the developme nt of tourism has damaged the environment occurs whe n tourists go to sce nic spots.Some tourists don't have the aware ness to protect the environment, andignoran tly throw their garbage here and there. Some people even kill the local wildlife to eat, which badly damages the balance of the natural environment.It is wrong to sacrifice the environment for the growth of tourism. We mustkeep in mind that too much tourists bring harm to the environment. We need to find a balance between satisfying the needs of tourists and reducing to a minimum the pollution they cause.251wordsTEM-2008:The Ben efits of Volu nteeri ngVolun teeri ng means being willi ng to help people in n eed and make con tributi ons to society for no finan cial rewards. Needless to say, volun teeri ng is of treme ndous ben efits to both those in n eed and the society. Yet, despite the fact that volunteers are not paid for what they have done, serving as a volunteer,I believe, is also ben eficial to the volun teers themselves.First, volun teeri ng helps volun teers improve their in terpers onal skills. They can un dersta nd people better and have better skills to motivate others and to deal with difficult situati ons in collaborati on with people of differe nt personalities in their volunteering work.Besides, volun teeri ng serves as a good opport un ity for volun teers to applytheir knowledge to practical problems. This is especially useful for suddenvolun teers. For in sta nee, stude nts volun teeri ng to assist foreig n guests on big occasions like Canton Fair can not only practice their oral English, but also have first hand experience on the latest development of their field.Fin ally, volun teeri ng satisfies one ' psychological n eed for respect and self-fulfillme nt, and it gives the volun teers a sense of achieveme nt.In a word, volun teeri ng helps to improve one ' in terpers onal skills, applyone ' knowledge to practice, and give the volunteers a sense of self-fulfillment.It is of great ben efits to the society, but it ben efits the volun teers even greater.(216 words)TEM-2007: Is It Wise to Make Frie nds On li ne?(1) Is it wise to make friends online? (2) People ' s views about this issue varyfrom one to ano ther. (3) Some people think that it is un wise to make friendson li ne while others think that there is nothing wrong with on li ne frien ds. (4) Inmy point of view, although on li ne friends cannot be always trusted, the ben efitsfar outweigh the risks. (5) The reasons are mainly as follows:(6) First of all, it is easy and quick to get to know people and make new friends on li ne. (7) We know friends are in dispe nsable in our daily life but they cannot stay with us wherever we go. (8) For many people, especially college freshme n, leaving friends and the security of home for a new place where they don anyone can be overwhelming. (9)t know With some online chatting tools such as QQ and MSN, they can talk to people they like and find people withcom mon in terests easily. (10) In additi on, on li ne friends can help broade n our kno wledge about differe nt cultures and customs. (11) Chatti ng with people from differe nt places and social backgro unds is surely an effective way to un dersta nd other cultures and develop cross-cultural com muni cati on skills. (12) We can alsopractice our English in speaking and writing.(13) To sum up, making friends online is amazing. In the online globalcommunity we can enjoy an active social life with rewarding experienee, so it iswise to make on li ne frien ds.241wordsTEM-2006: Saving Money is a Good Habit _________(1 ) Recen tly the result of a survey con ducted by a Beiji ng in formatio ncompa ny has show n that the majority of Chin ese stude nts think that savi ngmoney is a good habit while the rest prefer to use tomorrow ' s money. (2) As isseen to me, the principle of “ hard work and thrift ” is still at work in China, andI absolutely believe that we will profit more from saving money than fromspending tomorrow ' s money.(3) Through savi ng mon ey, we ' ll be better prepared for our life. (4) There is anold saying that “ a penny saved is a penny earned ” . (5) In modern society, life isso changeable that we c an ' t predict what will happen in the future. (6) So we ' d better get prepared for unexpected emergencies. (7) What ' s more,psychologically speak ing, sav ing money means con troll ing money rather tha n being con trolled by mon ey, and it en ables us to be freer and more in depe ndent.(8) With the money we ' ve saved, we don ' t need to be too much concerned aboutthe old age or the monthly installment that we owe to the bank.Of course I don ' t mean that we cannot loan money to buy a house or for someenjoyment. What I ' m saying is that we must think twice before spendingtomorrow ' s money. (9) To put it in a nutshell, I ' m a great believer that savingmoney is a good habit.230wordsTEM-2005: My Idea of a Un iversity Arts Festival ____________An arts festival will no doubt add much to our campus life, since it, like othergroup activities, will be a stage on which stude nts from differe nt colleges and departme nts com mun icate and share their in terests. This festival, of course, n eeds to be well orga ni zed, so as to get every one in volved. While all kinds of activities con tribute to this great festival, lectures by lead ing artists in thiscountry will surely make it more successful.First of all, i nflue ntial ‘ stars ' are always an attract ion to in volve the greatestnu mber of participa nts. The main purpose of this festival, just as other campusactivities, is to add variety to stude nts ' life. Its results and in flue nee n eed to bemeasured more by the nu mber of participa nts tha n by their artistic level it will display. The more people get involved, the more successful the festival. While afew of the stude nts are busy perform ing duri ng the festival, lectures permit the majority to sit there listening and asking their‘ masters ' questions. Secon dly, face-to-face com muni catio n betwee n stude nts, some of whomare potential artists, and the leading artists is always a bridge linking textbook kno wledge and practice. Uni versity stude nts spe nd most of their time lear ning from textbooks or at the library, but knowing how to do is quite differe nt from doing it. The experie nee of and advice from those practiti oners in the fields of music, movie, and painting help universitystudents to think what else they need to learn and what they will do in the future.What ' s more, lectures by well -known experts will enhance the in flue nee ofthe arts festival and the uni versity. Arts festivals are held in many uni versities inthe city, but they are orga ni zed in more or less the same way. As far as I know, lectures are seldom part of them. Therefore, it will promote the reputatio n of our festival, which is a new comer in the city.In a word, it will be ben eficial to invite some experts to give lectures. It willget more stude nts to get in volved, stude nts will ben efit from lectures by experts, and it will draw more public attention to the festival.(353 words) TEM-2004: Will Phones Kill Le tter Writ ing?Teleph one is said to be one of the greatest inven tio ns of the world, which has's way of life. Although more and more people nowadayswritte n form is con sidered to be more formal tha n that done orally. Therefore, letters are always the preferred way of com mun icati on whe n it comes to formaloccasi ons like job applicati on, n ail ing dow n a con tract or traveli ng in formatio nin dispe nsable no wadays.In a word, letters have their unique features to satisfy certa in com muni cati on purposes and will therefore n ever be replaced by phones in people It ' s perhaps more appropriate to say that they suppleme nt each other in stead of replaci ng eachother.187wordsTEM-2003: The Importa nee of Keep ing a Good Moodrevoluti oni zed peopletend to phone more than write letters, I still don 't believe phones will kill letter writing in people's daily communication. People com muni cate for different purposes and in different ways. Letters, though traditi onal in a way, help people express their ideas in a more exact way , without the careless ton gue slips of teleph one con versati ons. More importa ntly, it is long held that"To see is to believe.and com muni catio n in con firmati on. It is not en tirely groun dless to say that lettersare still's daily life.With the developme nt of moder n scie nee, tech no logy and economics, our living sta ndard has reached an ever higher level. But more and more people are livi ng under greater pressure than ever before. As a consequenee, people arein creas in gly sufferi ng from various distorti ons both physically and men tally. To help out, it is importa nt that every one keep a good mood today.There are several reas ons for my argume nt. First, a good mood can create highefficie ncy. When you work with a good mood, you will feel happy and be willi ngto do some work which used to be bori ng. On the con trary, a bad mood canmake you passive and do things with reluctanee. Second, a good mood isben eficial to your health. If you fail to keep a good mood, you will be feeli ng depressed and fed up, which is apt to cause some psychological diseases. Third, whe n you have a good mood, other people around you will be in flue need. Thus more and more people will feel happy to com muni cate with you.To sum up, keep ing a good mood is very importa nt both for yourself and for the people around you. If you want to have a happy and successful life, please keep a good mood every day.206wordsTEM-2002: The Best Way to Stay Healthy __________Nowadays , the desire for good health is universal. Wherever you are andwhatever you do, stay ing healthy is always importa nt. With the improveme nt ofour liv ing sta ndards, people are attachi ng more and more importa nee to theirhealth. However, which do you think is the best way to keep healthy?Different people come up with different views: eating green food, doingoutdoor exercises or going to hospital for medical treatme nt freque ntly. As faras I am concern ed, the best way to keep healthy is to develop a good quality of psychology.Accord ing to some surveys, no wadays, most patie nts are not physically sickbut men tally ill. The burde n on their shoulders is much heavier tha n others, sothey can ' t step out of the shadow of depressi on and sad ness. They n eed torelease their spirit to the n ature.ll become Beside s, if you have developed a good quality of psychology, youmore sociable and thus more willi ng to play your part in the society. En rolli ng forsome keep-fit clubs or joining some travel age ncy, which by themselves arevarious versions of physical exercise, will ben efit you a lot.As a poem says, youth is not a period of time; it ' as state of mind.Everybody wants to keep young at heart because youth is a symbol for en dlessen ergy and passi on for livi ng.Keep ing a good quality of mind and keep ing a sense of humor are really good. Even if you are 80, and you ' ll never be old.(254 words)TEM-2001: Travel Broade ns the Mind_________Nowadays more and more people choose to travel duri ng their holidays, since travel not only brings leisure and joy but also broade ns the mind. As for me, not only can it bring me more historical knowledge, but it can also add to my social experie nee.Take my trip to Mount Tai for example. As is known to all, it ' s a magnificent mountain famous for both the beautiful scenery and the sple ndid culturalheritage. At the very sight of her, my soul was attached to her. I remembered the poem “ Wang Yue ” written by Du Fu, I remembered many historic events which happe ned on this land and I also recalled the resp on sibility to con serve this heritage. As I climbed up the mountain, our guide told me many things I had never got to know before, which of course broadened my scope of kno wledge. It was also on this trip that I made many new friends with whom I excha nged my opinions, and that I got acqua in ted with some in formati on about first aid and package tour. All this in deed added to my social experie nee.In short, travel offers a good cha nee for me to ope n my eyes and en rich my experience while I can enjoy myself. It broadens the mind in a relaxing way.212wordsTEM-2000:The Importance of Extracurricular Activities ___________People have differe nt ideas about how stude nts should spe nd their school days. Some believe that students should spend the whole day on academicstudies. While others believe that extracurricular activities should be a required part of every school day. Both ways have their adva ntages. But I prefer the latter. The follow ing are my reas ons.As a stude nt, our main task is to concen trate on our academic study. We have to atte nd classes, readi ng books and doing assig nmen ts. Only by work ing hard can we learn our courses well. But I don ' t think we should spend every hourand minute on academic study. A proverb says, “ All work and no play makesJack a dull boy. ” Without goodeahlth and strong body, how can we improve our study efficiency and make great achievements in our academic study? Besides, spending the whole day on academic study may make us exhausted and weak. We should find other meaningful things to do besides studying. For example, doing extracurricular activities can make students 'life more colorful and beneficial. There are various forms of exercise. My favorite one is football. I play football with my classmates for one hour every afternoon. After a day ' s hardwor k, how nice it is to stretch my arms and legs! By playing football I ' ve got both joy and strength. I always look energetic.Actually doing extracurricular activities doesn ' t disturb our study if we makefull use of our time. Instead it does help us study more efficiently. We can be good at learning as well as extracurricularactivities. So I suggest that students do extracurricular activities along with their academic studies.(277 words)。
2000-2006年全部托福作文考题总结及其范文
2000-2006年全部托福作文考题总结及其范文(00-01)(00-08) 45) Many students choose to attend schools or u niversities outside their home countries. Why do some students s tudy abroad? Use specific reasons and details to explain your ans wer. 很多学生选择国外读书。
为什么？(00-05) 63) Some people think that they can learn better by the mselves than with a teacher. Others think that it is always better to have a teacher. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons to develop your essay. 有人喜欢自己学习，有人喜欢跟老师学。
你喜欢什么？(00-10)3) It has recently been announced that a large shopping center may be built in your neighborhood. Do you support or opp ose this plan? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support y our answer. 你家附近将要建一个大型购物中心。
你同意还是反对，详细阐述支持你看法的原因。
(01-01) 89) People recognize a difference between children and a dults. What events (experiences or ceremonies) make a person a n adult? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your answ er. 童年和成人之间有差异。
2000年旧托福真题
[2000年1月TOEFL试题]TWESome student want to attend a university in their home country, others desire to finish their university education abroad. Which do you think is a better way to get university education? Why? Give specific reasons.Section One : Listening ComperhensionPart A1.(A) Spend more time working on calculus problems.(B) Talk to an advisor about dropping the course.(C) Work on the assignment with a classmate.(D) Ask the graduate assistant for help.2.(A) Go home to get a book.(B) Return a book to the library.(C) Pick up a book at the library for the woman.(D) Ask the librarian for help in finding a book.3.(A) The woman could use his metric ruler.(B) He'll finish taking the measurements for the woman.(C) The woman's ruler is better than his.(D) He's faster at making the conversions than the woman.4.(A) She wants the man to attend the tournament with her.(B) The tournament begins next week.(C) The man should check with his doctor again(D) She hopes the man will be able to play in the tournament.5.(A) The advisor has already approved the man's class schedule.(B) The man should make an appointment to see his advisor.(C) The man should change his course schedule.(D) The man should sign the document before leaving.6.(A) She didn't teach class today.(B) She noticed that the students didn't do their homework.(C) She usually assigns homework.(D) She usually talks quietly.7.(A) It started to rain when she was at the beach.(B) She'd like the man to go to the beach with her.(C) The forecast calls for more rain tomorrow.(D) She won't go to the beach tomorrow if it rains.8.(A) She disagrees with the man.(B) She doesn't enjoy long speeches.(C) She hadn't known how long the speech would be.(D) She doesn't have a strong opinion about the speaker9.- 1 -(A) He makes more money than the woman.(B) He's satisfied with his job.(C) He had trouble finding a job.(D) He doesn't like working outdoors.10.(A) He has already finished his report.(B) He hasn't chosen a topic for his report.(C) The woman's report is already long enough.(D) The woman will have time to finish her report11.(A) She'll speak to Larry about the problem.(B) Larry has apologized to his roommate.(C) Larry should find a new roommate.(D) Larry's roommate may be partly responsible for the problem.12.(A) The man should take his vacation somewhere else.(B) She doesn't know when her semester ends.(C) She hasn't called the travel agent yet(D) The man may have to reschedule his trip.13.(A) She didn't work hard enough on it(B) It'wasn't as good as she thought(C) Her professor was pleased with it.(D) It was written according to the professor's guidelines.14.(A) Go to the ballet later in the year.(B) Take ballet lessons with his sister.(C) Get a schedule of future performances.(D) Get a ticket from his sister.15.(A) Her hotel is located far from the conference center(B) She didn't want to stay at the Gordon.(C) The man should consider moving to a different hotel.(D) She isn't sure how to get to the conference center.16.(A) Few readers agreed with his ideas.(B) Very few people have read his article.(C) He doesn't expect the article to be published.(D) The woman doesn't fully understand the article.17.(A) He'll go with the woman to the next hockey game.(B) He missed the hockey game because he was ill.(C) He forgot about the hockey game.(D) He doesn't like to go to hockey games.18.(A) Karen can drive to the airport on Tuesday.(B) Karen can attend the meeting on Tuesday.(C) Karen had to change her plans at the last minute.(D) Karen is returning from a trip on Tuesday.- 2 -19.(A) Call her after five.(B) Make calls from her phone.(C) Go to the meeting with her.(D) Fix her phone.20.(A) Look for more information for their financial plan.(B) Ask for more time to finish their financial plan.(C) Finish their financial plan with the material available to them.(D) Turn in their financial plan late.21.(A) He doesn't want to drive anymore.(B) The road to Bridgeport just opened.(C) It doesn't take long to get to Bridgeport.(D) He has memorized every part of the drive.22.(A) She doesn't have time to work in a garden.(B) She'll consider the man's invitation.(C) She doesn't want to join a gardening club.(D) She was never formally invited to join a gardening club.23.(A) She's enjoying the music.(B) The music will keep her awake.(C) The music doesn't bother her .(D) She would prefer a different style of music.24.(A) His house can accommodate a meeting of the entire committee.(B) The woman should find out when the meeting starts.(C) The meeting should be held at the library.(D) A smaller committee should be formed.25.(A) She doesn't have time to collect the data.(B) She prefers to wait until after the election.(C) She needs to decide on a method soon.(D) She'll send out the questionnaire in a month.26.(A) He's angry with the woman,(B) He feels sick.(C) He doesn't get along well with some people.(D) He prefers to study alone.27.(A) It provides reading material for people waiting to get in.(B) He had to wait a long time for a seat there.(C) He wasn't able to find a seat there.(D) The seats used there are uncomfortable.28.(A) Students still have time to apply for a loan.(B) Students must wait until next month to submit loan applications.- 3 -(C) The woman should find out whether her loan application was accepted.(D) The woman should ask for an extension on the application deadline.29.(A) The casserole usually contains fewer vegetables.(B) She wishes she hadn't ordered the casserole(C) The cafeteria usually uses canned vegetables.(D) She doesn't usually eat in the cafeteria,30.(A) Stay in the dormitory.(B) Find out the cost of living in the dormitory.(C) Ask for a reduction in her rent.(D) Move into an apartment with a roommate.Part B31.(A) They're classmates.(B) They're roommates.(C) They're cousins.(D) They're lab partners.32.(A) He couldn't decide on a topic for his paper.(B) He thought his paper was late.(C) He hadn't heard from his family in a while.(D) He thought the woman had been ill.33.(A) To find their way back to the nest.(B) To locate plant fibers.(C) To identify kinds of honey.(D) To identify relatives.34.(A) Visit his parents.(B) Write a paper.(C) Observe how bees build nests(D) Plan a family reunion.35.(A) An alternative use of fuel oil.(B) A way to make fuel oil less polluting.(C) A new method for locating underground oil.(D) A new source of fuel oil36.(A) She was doing research for a paper on it,(B) She read a newspaper article about it.(C) She was told about it by her roommate.(D) She heard about it in class.37.(A) To produce a gas containing carbon and hydrogen.(B) To remove impurities from methanol.(C) To heat the reactors(D) To prevent dangerous gases from forming- 4 -(A) It hasn't been fully tested.(B) It's quite expensive.(C) It uses up scarce minerals.(D) The gas it produces is harmful to the environment.Part C39.(A) The influence of European popular music on non-Western music.(B) The musical background of the director of the Broadway version of The Lion King(C) The types of music used in the Broadway version of The Lion King.(D) Differences between the music of the film version and the Broadway version of The Lion King.40.(A) It was performed by the Zulu people of South Africa.(B) It developed outside the musical traditions of Europe.(C) It's familiar to most audiences in the United States.(D) The students heard it performed in New York City.41.(A) The director is of African ancestry.(B) The director wanted the songs in the Broadway version to be identical to the songs in the film.(C) The Broadway version was first performed in Africa.(D) The story takes place in Africa.42.(A) A type of music that originated in Indonesia.(B) The meaning of non-English words used in a song(C) The plot of The Lion King(D) Popular rock and jazz music performed in43.(A) How ancient philosophers measured the distance between heavenly bodies.(B) How ancient philosophers explained the cause of an eclipse of the Moon.(C) Why ancient philosophers thought the Earth was a sphere.(D) Why ancient philosophers thought the Earth moved around the Sun.44.(A) How the natural world was described in Greek mythology.(B) What they observed directly.(C) The writings of philosophers from other societies.(D) Measurements made with scientific instruments.45.(A) They noticed an apparent change in the position of the North Star.(B) They observed eclipses at different times of the year.(C) They were the first to estimate the distance between heavenly bodies.(D) They wanted to prove that the Earth was flat.46.(A) A place for making astronomical observations.(B) An instrument used for observing stars.(C) A unit of measurement.(D) The North Star.- 5 -(A) One of the students asked him about it in the previous class.(B) He read about it the previous day.(C) He had just read Dr. Frederick Cock's travel log(D) The students were required to read about it for that day's class48.(A) That Peary bad announced his success prematurely.(B) That the investigation of Peary's expedition wasn't thorough.(C) That Peary wasn't an experienced explorer.(D) That he had reached the pole before Peary did.49.(A) They talked to one of Peary's companions.(B) They interviewed Peary.(C) They conducted a computer analysis of photographs.(D) They examined Peary's navigation tools,50.(A) Dr. Cook's expedition.(B) The conclusions of the Navigation Foundation.(C) Exploration of the Equator.(D) Exploration of the South Pole.Section Two: Structure and Written Expression1. Amanda Way's career as a social reformer____ in 1851 when, at an antislavery meetingin Indiana, she called for a state woman's rights convention.(A) begin(B) began(C) have begun(D) to have begun2. The celesta, an orchestral percussion instrument, resembles___(A) a small upright piano(B) how a small upright piano(C) a small upright piano is(D) as a small upright piano3. Thomas Paine, _____, wrote Common Sense, a pamphlet that identified the American colonies with the cause of liberty.(A) writer of eloquent(B) whose eloquent writing(C) an eloquent writer(D) writing eloquent4. Although beavers rarely remain submerged for more than two minutes, they can stay underwater ___fifteen minutes before having to surface for air.(A) as long(B) as long as- 6 -(C) so long(D) so long that5. Protein digestion begins in the stomach ____ends in the small intestine.(A) while(B) and(C) how(D) because6. When natural gas burns, its___ into atoms of carbon and hydrogen.(A) hydrocarbon molecules, breaking up(B) broke up by hydrocarbon molecules(C) hydrocarbon molecules break up(D) broken up hydrocarbon molecules7. _____ ballet dancers learn five basic positions for the arms and feet.(A) All of(B) Of every(C) All(D) Every8. Some colonies of bryozoans, small marine animals, form ___with trailing stems.(A) creeping colonies(B) which colonies creep(C) creeping colonies are(D) colonies creep9. Ruth Bader Ginsburg argued six women's rights cases before the United States Supreme Court in the 1970's,____(A) of five winning them(B) five winning of them(C) of them five winning(D) winning five of them10. Natural selection is defined as the process ___the course of evolution by preserving those traits best adapted for an organism's survival.(A) to which directs(B) of which directs it(C) directs it(D) that directs11. ____ 363 miles between the cities of Albany and Buffalo in New York State, the Eric Canal helped link the Atlantic Ocean with the Great Lakes.(A) The extension of(B) The extension(C) Extending(D) Extends- 7 -12.The chief sources of B12,a water-soluble vitamin ____ stored in the body, include meat, milk and eggs.(A) is not(B) that is not(C) not that is(D) that not13. ____ is rooted in experiments in iron and steel conducted in the nineteenth century.(A) While the history of twentieth-century architecture(B) The history of twentieth-century architecture(C) That the history of twentieth-century architecture(D) Both twentieth-century architecture and its history14.The primary source of energy for tropical cyclones is the latent heat released when ____(A) does water vapor condense(B) condensed water vapor(C) water vapor condenses(D) the condensation of water vapor15. Maufacturing is Canada's most important economic activity, ____17 percent of the workforce.(A) engages(B) and to engage(C) that it engage(D) engaging16. The outer layer of the heart, called the pericardium, forms a sac in what the heart lies.A B C D17. Wood from the ash tree becomes extremely flexibly when it is exposed to steam.A B C D18. The ability to talk is one of the skill that make humans different from theA B Crest of the animal world.D19. In plane geometry, the sum of the internal angles of any triangleA B Chas always equal to 180 degrees.D20. Polar bears are bowlegged and pigeon-toed, adaptations that enable thisA Bmassive animals to maintain their balance as they walk.C D21. Caves are formed by the chemical or action mechanical of water on solubleA Brock, by volcanic activity, and by earthquakes.C D- 8 -22. Celery, an edible plant is having long stalks topped with feathery leaves,A B Cgrows best in cool weather.D23. The first fiction writer in the United States to achieve international fameA B Cwas Washington Irving, who wrote many stories, included " Rip Van Winkle" andD"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow".24. Three fundamental aspects of forest conversation are the protection ofAimmature trees, the use of proper harvesting methods, and provide for anB Cenvironment that supports reproduction.D25. For each enzyme reaction there is an optimum temperature which maximumA B Cefficiency is achieved.D26. Adolescence is a transitional stage in human development from the beginningA Bof puberty to the attainment of the emotion, social, and physical maturity ofCadulthood.D27. The people native to the northwest coast of North American have longAbe known for wood carvings of stunning beauty and extraordinary quality.B C D28. Colonial efforts to manufacture glass at Jamestown---- and later attemptsA Bnear Philadelphia and Boston---failed despite the abundant of fuel and good raw Cmaterials.D29. The orbit of a celestial body is usually in the shape of ellipse.A B C D30. Chicago is the third largest publishing center in the United States,A B Cexceeding only by New York City and San Francisco.D31. North American bison differ from domestic cattle in have 14 rather than 13A B C Dpairs of ribs.32. Female sea turtles, before laying her eggs, swim as much as 2,000 kilometersA B- 9 -to return to the beaches where they themselves were hatched.C D33. Water is the only substance that occur at ordinary temperatures in all threeA B Cstates of matter: solid, liquid and gas.D34. Despite the growth of manufacturing and other industries, the economyA Bof the state of Texas has remained heavily dependence on oil and gas.C D35. Lyndon B. Johnson was the only United States President who oath of office wasA B Cadministered by a woman Judge Sarah Tilghman Hughes.D36. It took more than fourteen years to carve the faces of four United StatesA B CPresidents into the granite cliffs to Mount Rushmore, South Dakota.D37.Charles Bullfinch was the architect who design the original red brick core ofA B Cthe State House in Boston.D38.Rarely has a technological development had as great an impact on as muchA Baspects of social, economic, and cultural development as the growth ofC Delectronics.39. Lowell, Massachusetts, known as the "Spindle City" since 1822 when its firstA Btextile mills were built, attracted worldwide attention as textile center.C D40.Strange Victory, Sara Teas dale's smallest and most perfect collectionA Bof poems, appear in print in 1933.C DSection Three: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 1-10As Philadelphia grew from a small town into a city in the first half of the eighteenth century, it became an increasingly important marketing center for a vast and growingagricultural hinterland. Market days saw the crowded city even more crowded, asline fanners from within a radius of 24 or more kilometers brought their sheep, cows, pigs, (5) vegetables, cider, and other products for direct sale to the townspeople. The High StreetMarket was continuously enlarged throughout the period until 1736, when it reachedfrom Front Street to Third. By 1745 New Market was opened on Second Streetbetween Pine and Cedar. The next year the Callowhill Market began operation.Along with market days, the institution of twice-yearly fairs persisted in Philadelphia (10) even after similar trading days had been discontinued in other colonial cities. The fairsprovided a means of bringing handmade goods from outlying places to would-be buyers- 10 -in the city. Linens and stockings from Germantown, for example,were popular items.Auctions were another popular form of occasional trade. Because of the competition, retail merchants opposed these as well as the fairs. Although governmental attempts to (15) eradicate fairs and auctions were less than successful, the ordinary course of economicdevelopment was on the merchants' side, as increasing business specialization became the order of the day. Export merchants became differentiated from their importingcounterparts, and specialty shops began to appear in addition to general stores selling a variety of goods.(20) One of the reasons Philadelphia's merchants generally prospered was because thesurrounding area was undergoing tremendous economic and demographic growth. Theydid their business, after all, in the capital city of the province. Not only did they cater to the governor and his circle, but citizens from all over the colony came to the capital for legislative sessions of the assembly and council and the meetings of the courts of justice.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) Philadelphia's agriculture importance(B) Philadelphia's development as a marketing center(C) The sale of imported goods in Philadelphia(D) The administration of the city of Philadelphia2. It can be inferred from the passage that new markets opened in Philadelphia because(A) they provided more modem facilities than older markets(B) the High Street Market was forced to close(C) existing markets were unable to serve the growing population(D) farmers wanted markets that were closer to the farms.3. The word "hinterland " in line 3 is closest in meaning to(A) tradition(B) association(C) produce(D) region4. The word "it" in line 6 refers to(A) the crowded city(B) a radius(C) the High Street Market(D) the period5. The word "persisted" in line 9 is closest in meaning to(A) returned(B) started(C) declined(D) continued6. According to the passage, fairs in Philadelphia were held(A) on the same day as market says(B) as often as possible(C) a couple of times a year(D) whenever the government allowed it- 11 -7. It can be inferred that the author mentions "Linens and stockings" in line 12 to show that they were items that(A) retail merchants were not willing to sell(B) were not available in the stores in Philadelphia(C) were more popular in Germantown man in Philadelphia(D) could easily be transported8. The word "eradicate" in line 16 is closest in meaning to(A) eliminate(B) exploit(C) organize(D) operate9. What does the author mean by stating in line 17 that "economic development was on the merchants' side "?(A) Merchants had a strong impact on economic expansion.(B) Economic forces allowed merchants to prosper.(C) Merchants had to work together to achieve economic independence(D) Specialty shops near large markets were more likely to be economically successful.10. The word "undergoing" in line 22 is closest in meaning to(A) requesting(B) experiencing(C) repeating(D) includingQuestions 11-22Avicolturists, people who raise birds for commercial sale, have not yet learned how to simulate the natural incubation of parrot eggs in the wild. They continue to look for better ways to increase egg production and to improve chick survival rates.line When parrots incubate their eggs in the wild, the temperature and humidity of the nest (5) are controlled naturally. Heat is transferred from the bird's skin to the top portion of theeggshell, leaving the sides and bottom of the egg at a cooler temperature. Thistemperature gradient may be vital to successful hatching. Nest construction can contribute to this temperature gradient Nests of loosely arranged sticks, rocks, or dirt arecooler in temperature at the bottom where the egg contacts the nesting material. Such (10) nests also act as humidity regulators by allowing rain to drain into the bottom sectionsof the nest so that the eggs are not in direct contact with the water. As the water that collects in the bottom of the nest evaporates, the water vapor rises and is heated by the incubating bird, which adds significant humidity to the incubation environment.In artificial incubation programs, aviculturists remove eggs from the nests of parrots (15) and incubate them under laboratory conditions. Most commercial incubators heat theeggs fairly evenly from top to bottom, thus ignoring the bird's method of naturalincubation, and perhaps reducing the viability and survivability of the hatching chicks.When incubators are not used, aviculturists sometimes suspend wooden boxes outdoors to use as nests in which to place eggs. In areas where weather can become cold after eggs are (20) laid, it is very important to maintain a deep foundation of nesting material to act asinsulator against the cold bottom of the box. If eggs rest against the wooden bottom in extremely cold weather conditions, they can become chilled to a point where the embryo can no longer survive. Similarly, these boxes should be protected from direct sunlight to- 12 -avoid high temperatures that are also fatal to the growing embryo. Nesting material (25) should be added in sufficient amounts to avoid both extreme temperature situationsmentioned above and assure that the eggs have a soft, secure place to rest.11. What is the main idea of the passage?(A) Nesting material varies according to the parrots' environment.(B) Humidity is an important factor in incubating parrots' eggs.(C) Aviculturists have constructed the ideal nest box for parrots.(D) Wild parrots' nests provide information useful for artificial incubation.12. The word "They" in line 2 refers to(A) aviculturists(B)birds(C)eggs(D) rates13. According to paragraph 2, when the temperature of the sides and bottom of the egg are cooler than the top, then(A) there may be a good chance for successful incubation(B) the embryo will not develop normally(C) the incubating parent moves the egg to a new position.(D) the incubation process is slowed down14. According to paragraph 2, sticks, rocks, or dirt are used to(A) soften the bottom of the nest for the newly hatched chick(B) hold the nest together(C) help lower the temperature at the bottom of the nest(D) make the nest bigger15. According to paragraph 2, the construction of the nest allows water to(A) provide a beneficial source of humidity in the nest(B) loosen the materials at the bottom of the nest(C) keep the nest in a clean condition(D) touch the bottom of the eggs16. All of the following are part of a parrot's incubation method EXCEPT(A) heating the water vapor as it rises from the bottom of the nest(B) arranging nesting material at the bottom of the nest(C) transferring heat from the parent to the top of the eggshell(D) maintaining a constant temperature on the eggshell17. The word "suspend" in line 19 is closest in meaning to(A) build(B) paint(C)hang(D) move- 13 -18. The word "fatal" in line 25 is closest in meaning to(A) close(B) deadly(C) natural(D) hot19. The word "secure" in line 27 is closest in meaning to(A) fiesh(B)diy(C)safe(D)warm20. According to paragraph 3, a deep foundation of nesting material provides(A) a constant source of humidity(B) a strong nest box(C) more room for newly hatched chicks(D) protection against cold weather21. Which of the following is a problem with commercial incubators?(A) They lack the natural temperature changes of the outdoors.(B) They are unable to heat the eggs evenly(C) They do not transfer heat to the egg in the same way the parent bird does.(D) They are expensive to operate.22. Which of the following terms is defined in thepassage?(A) Aviculturists (line I)(B) Gradient (line 8)(C) Incubation (line 15)(D) Embryo (line 24)Questions 23-33The mineral particles found in soil range in size from microscopic clay particles to large boulders. The most abundant particles—sand, silt, and clay—are the focus of examination in studies of soil texture. Texture is the term used to describe the composite line sizes of particles in a soil sample, typically several representative handfuls.(5)To measure soil texture, the sand, silt, and clay particles are sorted out by size andweight. The weights of each size are then expressed as a percentage of the sampleweight. In the field, soil texture can be estimated by extracting a handful of sod and squeezing the damp soil into three basic shapes; (1) cast, a lump formed by squeezing a (10) sample in a clenched fist; (2) thread, a pencil shape formed by rolling soil between thepalms; and (3) ribbon, a flatfish shape formed by squeezing a small sample between the thumb and index finger. The behavioral characteristics of the soil when molded into each of these shapes, if they can be formed at all, provides the basis for a general textural classification. The behavior of the soil in the hand test is determined by the amount of (15) clay in the sample. Clay particles are highly cohesive, and when dampened, behave as aplastic. Therefore the higher the clay content in a sample, the more refined and durable the shapes into which it can be molded.Another method of determining soil texture involves the use of devices called sediment sieves, screens built with a specified mesh size. When the soil is filtered through a group of sieves, each with a different mesh size, the particles become grouped (20) in corresponding size categories. Each category can be weighed to make a texturaldetermination. Although sieves work well for silt, sand, and larger particles, they are not- 14 -。
2000年8月TOEFL考试试题
Section One: Listening Comprehension1. (A) She doesn’t think the shirt comes in a bigger size.(B) She thinks shirt will fit the man.(C) A checked shirt won’t look good on the man.(D) The bigger sizes are more expensive.2. (A) She expects the man to have it.(B) She’s angry with the man for forgetting it.(C) She doesn’t know where it is.(D) She’d like the man to return it by tonight.3. (A) She didn’t buy the ticket.(B) The ticket was expensive.(C) She doesn’t know how much the ticket cost.(D) There are still a few tickets left.4. (A) Eat a bigger breakfast.(B) Make time for lunch in her schedule.(C) Take only morning classes next semester.(D) Change her schedule after she eats lunch.5. (A) He’s quitting the band for academic reasons.(B) He d idn’t enjoy being a member of the band.(C) He’s getting academic credit for being in the band.(D) He’s taking time off from his studies to join the band.6. (A) His suit is too old to wear.(B) He doesn’t want to buy new clothes.(C) He doesn’t want to w ear a suit.(D) He’ll go shopping with the woman.7. (A) Calculate the bill again.(B) Refuse to pay the bill.(C) He doesn’t want to wear a suit.(D) He’ll go shopping with the woman.8. (A) Sara rarely makes mistakes.(B) Sara usually says what she thinks.(C) Sara’s boss is hard to work with.(D) The secretary wasn’t hard worker.9. (A) She’d prefer to see a different type of movie than a comedy.(B) She has already finished her research paper.(C) She won’t be able to go to a movie with the man.(D) She’d like the man to help her with her research paper.10. (A) He prefers to work part time.(B) He wants to change his class schedule.(C) He’s having a difficult time finding a part-time job.(D) He doesn’t want to work on campus.11. (A) She doesn’t think it will snow.(B) The location of the session has been changed.(C) The session might be canceled.(D) She’ll probably be too tired to walk to the session.12. (A) Use bleach on his socks.(B) Buy new white socks.(C) Wash his red T-shirt again.(D) Throw away his pink socks.13. (A) He hasn’t talked to his brother since he transferred.(B) He doesn’t think his brother should transfer.(C) His brother doesn’t want to transfer.(D) He hadn’t heard the news about his brother.14. (A) Which seminar the woman wants to sign up for.(B) If the woman keeps money at the bank.(C) Where the woman learned about the seminar.(D) If the woman has taken other classes on personal finances.15. (A) He’s used to cold weather.(B) He expected the weather to be warmer over the weekend.(C) He has never liked the weather in October.(D) He didn’t see the forecast for the weekend.16. (A) Leave the art exhibit.(B) Help the man understand the display.(C) Take the artwork down.(D) Call the museum director.17. (A) He thinks h e’s very organized.(B) He doesn’t want to join the display.(C) He doesn’t think he should lead the study group.(D) He knows someone who can lead the study group.18. (A) He doesn’t know where his brother keeps his computer.(B) The woman should buy a used computer.(C) He doesn’t know how much computers cost.(D) His brother paid too much for the computer.19. (A) It’s been to warm to wear the jacket.(B) The jacket is too big for him.(C) He doesn’t like cold weather.(D) He didn’t buy the jacket until cooler weather arrived.20. (A) He started the semester in a bad mood.(B) He’s not usually bad-tempered.(C) He has few responsibilities.(D) He doesn’t like the man.21. (A) He forgot to cancel the reservation.(B) They can go to the restaurant after the woman has finished working.(C) He has to work late tonight.(D) They don’t have a reservation at the restaurant.22. (A) Watch a TV program related to his project.(B) Think about taking a less advanced sociology class.(C) Finish his project as soon as possible.(D) Reconsider his decision to interview so many people.23. (A) Try on a smaller sweater.(B) Look for another style at a different store.(C) Give the sweater away as a gift.(D) Exchange the sweater for a bigger one.24. (A) She plans to send a package to Canada.(B) She doesn’t know the postage for a package to Australia.(C) She has relatives in Australia.(D) She’ll help the man wrap the package.25. (A) Send back his food.(B) Compliment the waiter on the food.(C) Tell the waiter about the mistake.(D) Order something else.26. (A) She doesn’t speak Spanish very well.(B) She doesn’t have to study a foreign language.(C) She performed poorly on a recent Spanish test.(D) She doesn’t remember living in Mexico.27. (A) He’s taking the next t rain to Philadelphia.(B) He has an extra train schedule.(C) He missed his train.(D) He’s familiar with the train station.28. (A) He’d like the woman to take his picture.(B) He’d like to borrow the woman’s camera this weekend.(C) His camera takes bett er pictures than the woman’s camera.(D) His camera is smaller than the woman’s camera.29. (A) Ask Professor Bell to help the club.(B) Introduce the woman to Professor Bell.(C) Write an article about Professor Bell’s interests.(D) Find out which biology classes Professor Bell teaches.30. (A) She wasn’t wearing a scarf when she arrived.(B) She’ll help the man look for his scarf.(C) She likes the color the man’s scarf.(D) The man didn’t take her scarf.31. (A) A concert the woman attended.(B) The man’s collection of CD’s.(C) A new software programs.(D) An instrument the woman is learning to play.32. (A) She lost one of his CD’s.(B) She didn’t invite him to the concert.(C) She missed class.(D) She forgot about a meeting.33. (A) It does not need to be turned.(B) It has two sets of strings.(C) Its pitch is exceptionally high.(D) It is played with the hands and feet.34. (A) A baritone.(B) Some CD’S.(C) A computer program.(D) His class notes.35. (A) The woman’s house.(B) The concert.(C) The club meeting.(D) The music shop.36. (A) How rocks are eroded.(B) How sediment hardens into rock.(C) How flood plains develop.(D) How minerals are extracted from rock.37. (A)How rocks are eroded.(B)How strata are formed in rock.(C)Why flooding makes geological investigations difficult.(D)Which minerals can be found in rock.38. (A)The deposits aren’t made of organic material.(B)The deposits aren’t found everywhere in the world.(C).The deposits harden under conditions of heat and pressure.(D)Th e deposits don’t form at regular time invervals.39. (A) Where fossils are most commonly found.(B) How a geological discovery was made.(C).Why rivers flood.(D)The differences between two geological periods.40. (A) A museum exhibition of African baskets.(B) Changes in basket-weaving.(C) Differences between African and American baskets.(D)The development of basket weaving in one town.41. (A)Their mothers taught them.(B)They traveled to Africa.(C)They learned in school.(D)They taught themselves.42. (A)Fruit baskets.(B)Work baskets.(C)Baby cradles.(D)Clothes baskets.43. (A)They sell them as a hobby.(B)They make them as a hobby.(C)They use them on their farms.44. (A)How insects breed in extreme desert temperatures.(B)Different types of beetles.(C)They send them to museums.(D)How beetles can defeat a plant’s defense system.45. (A)Its resin isn’t poisonous.(B)It can shoot its resin a great distance.(C)It leaves have no veins.(D)It doesn’t need much water to grow well.46. (A)By severing the veins that carry the poison.(B)By eating only the stem of the plant.(C)By changing the plant’s chemistry.(D)By eating only at night.47. (A)Their literary value.(B)The debate over who wrote them.(C)The time period in which they were written.(D)Why they are still popular today.48. (A)The Iliad was written after the Odyssey.(B)The first European poems weren’t written in Greek.(C)The poet called Homer wrote the Iliad but not the Odyssey.(D)The poet called Homer never existed.49. (A)The portrayal of the characters in the poems.(B)Archaeological findings in Greece.(C)Research conducted by Milman Parry.(D)Claims made by ancient Greed authors about the poems.50. (A) Other poems written by Homer.(B) A comparison of modern versus ancient Creekpoetry.(C) A twentieth-century scholar’s conclusions about Homer.(D)Poetry by Milman Parry.Section Two Structure and Written ExpressionTime: 25 minutes1. The gray scale, a progressive series of shades ranging from black to white, is used incomputer graphics ---- detail to graphical images.(A) added(B) to add(C) are added(D) and add2. By ---- excluding competition from an industry, governments have often created public service monopolies.(A) they adopt laws(B) laws are adopted(C) adopting laws(D) having laws adopt3. ---- skeleton of an insect is on the outside of its body.(A) Its(B) That the(C) There is a(D) The4. Lenses, ---- are used to correct imperfections in eyesight.(A) are the forms of glasses and contact lenses(B) in the form of glasses and contact lenses(C) glasses and contact lenses which form(D) glasses and contact lenses may be formed5. In eighteenth-century North America, printed engravings provided ---- of rococo style.(A) the most manifestation widespread(B) manifestation widespread the most(C) the widespread manifestation most(D) the most widespread manifestation6. In the Arctic tundra, ice fog may form under clear skies in winter, ---- coastal fogs or low status clouds are common in summer.(A) because of(B) whereas(C) despite(D) that7. On attaining maximum size, ---- by drawing itself out and dividing into two daughter amoebas, each receiving identical nuclear materials.(A) the reproduction of the amoeba(B) the amoeba, which reproduces(C) reproducing the amoeba(D) the amoeba reproduces8. For the advertiser, one of the greatest appeals of radio is ---- an audience all day long.(A) that it has(B) that to have(C) to have it(D) having it9. Charles Schulz’s comic strip, “Peanuts,” features children who make --- about life.(A) funny, wise statements that(B) which funny, wise statements(C) statements are funny but wise(D) funny but wise statements10. One of the major rivers of the western United States, ---- flows for some 1,500 miles fromColorado to northwestern Mexico.(A) it is the Colorado River(B) the Colorado River which(C) and the Colorado River(D) the Colorado River11. In art, the tendency of gouache colors to lighten on drying makes ---- a wide range ofpearly or pastel-like effects.(A) it is possible(B) possible(C) possible to be(D) it possible the12. Isabel Bishop was one of many American artists ---- by the government during theDepression years on various federal art projects.(A) employed(B) whose employment(C) to employ(D) had been employed13. Outbreaks of diseases in trees commonly occur ---- stressed because of drought or otherenvironmental factors.(A) as forests that become(B) in forests become(C) that become forests(D) when forests become14. To break thick ice, an icebreaker boat moves fast enough to ride up on the ice, ---- under its weight.(A) so then breaks(B) when breaks it(C) which then breaks(D) for which then breaks15. Cholesterol is present in large quantities in the nervous system, where ---- compound ofmyelin.(A) it a(B) a(C) being a(D) it is a16. Painters of the early twentieth century who were known primarily for they colorful landscapes, the A B C Group of Seven changed is name to the Canadian Group of Painters in 1933.D17. Most animals have nervous systems, sense organs, and specialized modes of locomotion, and are A B C capable of securing ingesting, and to digest food.D18. The cork oak tree has a layer of cork several inches thickness that can be stripped every ten years.A B C D19. Inflation, interest rates, and overall economic active can be governed by the United States Federal A B CReserve’s decision to adjust the supply of money to the economy.D20. Free radicals of oxygen, which common by-products of metabolic processes in the body, are capable A B C Dof causing tissue damage.21. By 1830 the glass industry in the United States had become too well established that the country no A B Clonger needed to depend on imported glass.D22. Free land, cheaply transportation, and powerfully persuasive railroad advertising all helped flood the A B western part of the United States with farmers in the nineteenth century.C D23. Coral formations have known as fringing reefs are located close to shore, separated from land onlyA B Cby shallow water.D24. For a seagoing, cargo-carrying sailing vessels, the clipper ship was remarkably fast.A B C D25. Visibly only through large telescopes, Pluto has a yellowish color, which indicates that there is veryA B Clittle atmosphere.D26. Diamond is the hardest known substance, so diamonds can be cut only by another diamonds.A B C DInternational Monetary Fund was created in a effort to stabilize exchange rates without A Binterfering with the healthy growth of trade.C D28. Butterflies and moths undergo complete metamorphosis, them changing from caterpillar to adult viaA B Cone intermediate stage, the pupa.D29. Thousands of meteorite hit Earth each year, but most fall into the sea or in remote areas and are neverA B C Drecovered.30. Alaska became the forty-ninth state in 1959, and Hawaii became the fiftieth state lately that year.A B C D31. A sponge feeds itself by drawing water through tiny pores on its surface, filtering out food particles, A Band then expel the water through larger vents.C D32. Toward the end of his life, john Singer Sargent returned to the painting of landscapes and the use ofA B Cwatercolors, of which he excelled.D33. Pythons differ than most other snakes by having two well-developed lungs rather than a much A B Csmaller left lung or no left lung at all.D34. Weighing among two to five kilograms in adults, the skin is the largest organ of the human body.A B C D35. Rodents dwell in various habitat, some species being aquatic, some terrestrial.A B C D36. The nectar of flowers are ingested by worker bees and converted to honey in special sacs in theirA B C Ddigestive systems.37. Lucid dreaming, the ability dreamers to become aware of and to control their dreams whileA B Cdreaming, is the focus of some current psychological research.D38. The sensation of sound is produced how vibrations transmitted through the air strike the eardrum.A B C D39. The musical tone of an electric guitar is created not by the resonance of the body of the guitar but byA B Celectronically amplification.D40. Considered one of the most beautiful of the fine art, ballet is a combination of dance and mimeA B Cperformed to music.DSection Three Reading ComprehensionTime: 55 minutesQuestions 1-8Prehistoric mammoths have been preserved in the famous tar pits of Rancho La Brea(Brea is the Spanish word for tar) in what now the heart of Los Angeles, California.These tar pits have been known for centuries and were formerly mined for their naturalLine asphalt, a black or brown petroleum-like substance. Thousands of tons were extracted(5) before 1875, when undertaken that established the significance of this remarkable site.excavations were undertaken that established the significance of this remarkable siteThe tar pits were found to contain the remains of scores of species of animals from the last30,000 years of the Ice Age.Since then, over 100 tons of fossils, million from vertebrates, million from(10) invertebrates, have been recovered, often in densely concentrated tangled masses. Thecreatures found range form insects and birds to giant ground sloth’s, but a total of 17proboscides (animal with a proboscis or long nose)- including mastodons andColumbian mammoths- have been recovered, most of them from Pit 9, the deepestbone-bearing deposit, which was excavated in 1914. Most of thefossils date to between(15) 40,000 and 10,000 years ago.The asphalt at La Brea seeps to the surface, especially in the summer, and formsshallow puddles that would often have been concealed by leaves and dust. Unwaryanimals would become trapped on these thin sheets of liquid asphalt, which are extremelysticky in warm weather. Stuck, the unfortunate beasts would die of exhaustion and(20) hunger or fall prey to predators that often also became stuck.As the animals decayed, more scavengers would be attracted and caught in their turn.Carnivores greatly outnumber herbivores in the collection: for every large herbivore,there is one saber-tooth cat, a coyote, and four wolves. The factthat some bones areheavily weathered shows that some bodies remained above the surfacefor weeks or(25) months. Bacteria in the asphalt would have consumed some of the tissues other thanbones, and the asphalt itself would dissolve what was left, at the same time impregnatingand beautifully preserving the saturated bones, rendering then dark brown and shiny.aspect of the La Brea tar pits does thepassage mainly discuss?(A)The amount of asphalt that was mined there(B) The chemical and biological interactions between asphalt and animals(C) The fossil remains that have been found there(D) Scientific methods of determining the age of tar pits2. In using the phrase “the heart of Los Angeles” in line 2, the author is talking about the city’s(A) beautiful design(B) central area(C) basic needs(D) supplies of natural asphalt3. The word “noticed” in line 5 closest in meaning to(A) predicted(B) announced(C) corrected(D) observed4. The word “tangled” in line 10 is closest in meaning to(A) buried beneath(B) twisted together(C) quickly formed(D) easily dated5. The word “them” in line 13 refers to(A) insects(B) birds(C) cloths(D) proboscideans6. How many probosicdeans have been found at the La Brea tar pits?(A) 9(B) 17(C) million(D) million7. The word “concealed” in line 17 is closest in meaning to(A) highlighted(B) covered(C) transformed(D) contaminateddoes the author mention animals such as coyotes and wolves in paragraph 4?(A) To give examples of animals that are classified as carnivores(B) To specify the animals found least commonly at La Brea(C) To argue that these animals were especially likely to avoidextinction.(D) To define the term “scavengers”Questions 9-19The principal difference between urban growth in Europe and in the Americancolonies was the slow evolution of cities in the former and theirrapid growth in the latter.In Europe they grew over a period of centuries from town economies to their present](Line) urban structure. In North America, they started as wilderness communities and developed(5) to mature urbanism’s in little more than a century.In the early colonial day in North America, small cities sprang up along the AtlanticCoastline, mostly in what are now New America, small cities sprang up along the AtlanticUnited States and in the lower Saint Lawrence valley in Canada. This was naturalbecause these areas were nearest England and France, particularly England, from which(10 ) most capital goods (assets such as equipment) and many consumer goods were importedMerchandising establishments were, accordingly, advantageouslylocated in port citiesfrom which goods could be readily distributed to interior settlements. Here, too, were thefavored locations for processing raw materials prior to export. Boston, Philadelphia, NewYork, Montreal, and other cities flourished, and, as the colonies grew, these cities(15) increased in importance.This was less true in the colonial South, where life centered around large farms, knownas plantations, rather than around towns, as was the case in theareas further north alongthe Atlantic coastline. The local isolation and the economic self-sufficiency of theplantations were antagonistic to the development of the towns. The plantations(20) maintained their independence because they were located on navigable streams and eachhad a wharf accessible to the small shipping of that day. In face, one of the strongestfactors in the selection of plantation land was the desire to have it front on a waterhighway.When the United States became an independent nation in 1776, it did not have a single(25) city as large as 50,000 inhabitants, but by 1820 it had a city of more than 10,000 people,and by 1880 it had recorded a city of over one million. It was not until after 1823, afterthe mechanization of the spinning had weaving industries, that cities started drawingyoung people away from farms. Such migration was particularly rapid following the CivilWar (1861-1865).9. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) Factors that slowed the growth of cities in Europe.(B) The evolution of cities in North America(C) Trade between North American and European cities(D)The effects of the United Sates’independence on urban growth in New England.10. The word “they” in line 4 refers to(A) North American colonies(B) cities(C) centuries(D) town economies11. The passage compares early European and North American cities on the basis of whichof the following?(A) Their economic success(B) The type of merchandise they exported(C) Their ability to distribute goods to interior settlements(D)The pace of their developmentWord “accordingly” in line 11 is closest in meaning to(A) as usual(B) in contrast(C) to some degree(D)for that reason13. According to the passage, early colonial cities were established along the Atlantic coastline of North America due to(A) an abundance of natural resources(B) financial support from colonial governments(C) proximity to parts of Europe(D) a favorable climate14. The passage indicates that during colonial times, the Atlantic coastline cities preparedwhich of the following for shipment to Europe?(A) Manufacturing equipment(B) Capital goods(C) Consumer goods(D) Raw materials15. According to the passage, all of the following aspects of the plantation systeminfluenced the growth of southern cities EXCEPT the(A) location of the plantations(B) access of plantation owners to shipping(C) relationships between plantation residents and city residents(D) economic self-sufficiency of the plantation16. It can be inferred from the passage that, in comparison with northern, cities, mostsouthern cities were(A) imagined(B) discovered(C) documented(D)planned17. The word “recorded” in line 26 is closest in meaning to(A) imagined(B) discovered(C) documented(D) plannedword “drawing” in line 27 is closest in meaning to(A) attracting(B) employing(C) instructing(D) representing19. The passage mentions the period following the Civil War (line28-29) because it was atime of(A) significant obstacles to industrial growth(B) decreased dependence on foreign trade(C) increased numbers of people leaving employment on farms(D) increased migration from northern states to southern states Questions 20-28During the second half of the nineteenth century, the production of food and feed cropsin the United States rose at an extraordinarily rapid production increased by fourand a half times, hay by five times, oats and wheat by seven times. The most crucial factorLine behind this phenomenal upsurge in productivity was the widespread adoption of(5) labor-saving machinery by northern farmers. By 1850 horse-drawn reaping machines thatcut grain were being introduced into the major grain-growing regions of the country.Horse-powered threshing machines to separate the seeds from the plants were already ingeneral use. However, it was the onset of the Civil War in 1861 that provided the greatstimulus for the mechanization of northern agriculture. With much of the labor force(10) inducted into the army and with grain prices on the rise, northern farmers rushed to availthemselves of the new labor-saving equipment. In 1860 there were approximately 80,000reapers in the country; five years later there were 350,000.After the close of the war in 1865, machinery became ever more important in northernagriculture, and improved equipment was continually introduced. By 1880 a self-binding(15) reaper had been perfected that not only cut the grain, but also gathered the stalks andbound them with twine. Threshing machines were also being improved and enlarged, andafter 1870 they were increasingly powered by steam engines rather than by horses. Sincesteam-powered threshing machines were costly items-running from$ 1,000 to $4,000-they were usually owned by custom thresher owners who then worked their way from(20) farm to farm during the harvest season. “Combines” were also coming into use on thegreat wheat ranches in California and the Pacific Northwest. These ponderous machines—sometimes pulled by as many as 40 horses – reaped the grain, threshed it, and baggedit, all in one simultaneous operation.The adoption of labor-saving machinery had a profound effect upon the sale of(25) agricultural operations in the northern states-allowing farmers to increase vastlytheir crop acreage. By the end of century, a farmer employing the new machinerycould plant and harvest two and half times as much corn as a farmer had using handmethods 50 years before.20. What aspect of farming in the United States in the nineteenth century does the Passagemainly discuss?(A) How labor-saving machinery increased crop Production(B) Why southern farms were not as successful as Successful as northern farms(C) Farming practices before the Civil War(D) The increase in the number of people farmingword “crucial” in line 3 is closest in meaning to(A) obvious(B) unbelievable(C) important(D) desirablephrase “avail themselves” in lines 10-11 is closest in meaning to(A) take care(B) make use(C) get rid(D) do more23. According to the passage, why was the Civil War a stimulus for mechanization?(A) The army needed more grain in order to feed the soldiers.(B) Technology developed for the war could also the used by farmers.(C) It was hoped that harvesting more grain would lower the price of grain.(D) Machines were needed to replace a disappearing labor force.passage supports which of the following statements about machinery after the Civil War?(A) Many farmers preferred not to use the new machinery.(B) Returning laborers replaced the use of machinery.(C) The use of farm machinery continued to increase.(D) Poor-quality machinery slowed the pace of crop production.and self-binding reapers were similar because each(A) could perform more than one function(B) required relatively little power to operate(C) was utilized mainly in California(D) required two people to operateword “they” in line 17 refers to(A) grain stalks(B) threshing machines(C) steam engines(D) horses。
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2000年至2006年全部托福考试作文考题汇总00-01)(00-08) 45) Many students choose to attend schools or universities outside their home countries. Why do some students study abroad? Use specific reasons and details to explain your answer. 很多学生选择国外读书。
为什么？(00-05) 63) Some people think that they can learn better by themselves than with a teacher. Others think that it is always better to have a teacher. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons to develop your essay. 有人喜欢自己学习，有人喜欢跟老师学。
你喜欢什么？(00-10)3) It has recently been announced that a large shopping center may be built in your neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer. 你家附近将要建一个大型购物中心。
你同意还是反对，详细阐述支持你看法的原因。
(01-01) 89) People recognize a difference between children and adults. What events (experiences or ceremonies) make a person an adult? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your answer. 童年和成人之间有差异。
什么事件或经历是一个小孩成长成大人？(01-05）1) A company has announced that it wishes to build a large factory near your community. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this new influence on your community. Do you support or oppose the factory? Explain your position.一个公司要在你家附近建一个大工厂。
讨论好处与坏处，你同意还是反对，阐明原因。
(01-08) 19) If you could invent something new, what product would you develop? Use specific details to explain why this invention is needed.如果你能够发明一件新的东西，你会发明什么？（01-10)(05-01) 73) It is generally agreed that society benefits from the work of its members. Compare the contributions of artists to society with the contributions of scientists to society. Which type of contribution do you think is valued more by your society? Give specific reasons to support your answer. 比较艺术家和科学家对社会的贡献，在你们国家哪种贡献受到更加的尊重？（2002/1/19）155) How do movies or television influence people’s behavior? Use reasons and specific examples to support your answer. 电影电视如何影响人们的行为？(02--05) 173) When people move to another country, some of them decide to follow the customs of the new country. Others prefer to keep their own customs. Compare these two choices. Which one do you prefer? Support your answer with specific details.当人们移居到另外一个国家时候，有些人决定入乡随俗，另外有些人则保持自己的风俗，比较这两种选择。
你喜欢哪个？(02-08) 132) Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People are never satisfied with what they have; they always want something more or something different. Use specific reasons to support your answer. 人们永远对自己拥有的不满意，总是希望一些更多更不同的东西，同意与否？(02-09) 117) Some people like doing work by hand. Others prefer using machines. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.有些人喜欢做手工，另外有些人喜欢机器，你喜欢哪个？（02-10) 57) Some people choose friends who are different from themselves. Others choose friends who are similar to themselves. Compare the advantages of having friends who are different from you with the advantages of having friends who are similar to you. Which kind of friend do you prefer for yourself? Why?有些人喜欢和自己不同的人交朋友，另外有些人选择和自己相似的人交朋友。
比较两者的好处。
你喜欢什么样的朋友？(03-01) 87) Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?A person’s childhood years (the time from birth to twelve years of age) are the most important years of a person’s life. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.童年是一生最重要的时间。
(03-08) 75) Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? High schools should allow students to study the courses that students want to study. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion. 高中应该准许学生学习他们喜欢的课程吗？(03-10) 38) Some people think governments should spend as much money as possible exploring outer space (for example, traveling tothe Moon and to other planets). Other people disagree and think governments should spend this money for our basic needs on Earth. Which of these two opinions do you agree with? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.有些人认为政府应当尽可能地花钱探索宇宙（比如登月或其他星球）。
令有些人认为政府应该把钱用在我们基本的需求上。
你赞同哪种观点？(04-01) 124) Schools should ask students to evaluate their teachers. Do you agree or disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.学校应该让学生评价老师，同意与否？(04-05) 42) Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Universities should give the same amount of money to their students’ sports activities as they give to their university libraries. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.学校花在图书馆上的钱应该和学生体育活动的钱一样多？你赞同该观点吗？（04-08) 164) Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Watching television is bad for children. Use specific details and examples to support your answer.看电视对孩子有坏处，同意与否？K1W(04-10) 71) Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People should read only those books that are about realevents, real people, and established facts. Use specific reasons and details to support your opinion 人们只应该读关于现实的书，比如关于真实的人和事的书，同意与否？（04－11）People have different ways of escaping the stress and difficulties of modern life. Some read; some exercise; others work in their gardens. What do you think are the best ways of reducing stress? Use specific details and examples in your answer.（05－01）（此题目2001.10已考过）It is generally agreed that society benefits from the work of its members. Compare the contributions of artists to society with the contributions of scientists to society. Which type of contribution do you think is valued more by your society? Give specific reasons to support your answer.（05－05）Some people think that they can learn better by themselves than with a teacher. Others think that it is always better to have a teacher. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons to develop your essay.（05－10）本次作文题目166. People recognize a difference between children and adults. What events (experiences or ceremonies) make a person an adult? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your answer.。