最新-2015专八改错真题及答案
专八改错真题与答案
2000 年 -2015 年专八短文改错试卷2015 年 3 月 21 日专业八级考试改错When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular showon ice by the mother of a friend. Looked round a the luxury of the rink, my friend ’s mother remarked on the “plush ”seats we had been given. I did not know what she meant, and being proud of my vocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context.“Plush”was clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation 。
that much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context. So Istarted to use the word. Yes, I replied, they certainly are plush, andso are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, aren’tthey? My friend ’s mother was very polite to correct me, but I could tell from her expression that I had not got the word quite right.Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughly means, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire bothnew words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in ourown first language. But sometimes we need to ask, as I should have asked for Plush, and this is particularly true in theaspect of a foreign language. If you are continually surrounded by speakers of the language you are learning, you can ask them directly, but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English.So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap.1.______2. ______3.______4.______5.______6.______7.______8.______9.______10.______2014 改错There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions (1) ______have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (2) ______l Is it possible to acquire an additional language in thesame sense one acquires a first language? (3) ______l What is the explanation for the fact adults have (4) ______more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?l What motivates people to acquire additional language?l What is the role of the language teaching in the (5) ______acquisition of additional languages?l What social-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studyingthe learning of additional languages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (6) ______the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far haveone thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiringof an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (7) ______so. Whether one labels it “learning ” or “acquiritionalg ” an addi language,it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (8) ______focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of anindividual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities areinvolving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (9) ______or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in theclassroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (10) ______2013 专八短文改错试卷．Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processesinvolved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding,production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with(1) _____listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language.One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually(2) ______happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately.(3) ______Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page,(4) ______you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptionalcircumstances we might become aware of the complexity(5) ______involved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it 。
专八改错真题及答案
2000 年-2015年专八短文改错试卷2015年3月21日专业八级考试改错When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular showon ice by the mother of a friend. Looked round a the luxury of the 1.______rink, my friend’s mother remarked on the “plush” seats we had beengiven. I did not know what she meant, and being proud of my 2. ______ vocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context. “Plush”was clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation。
that 3.______much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context. So I 4.______started to use the word. Yes, I replied, they certainly are plush, andso are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, aren’t they? Myfriend’s mother was very polite to correct me, but I could tell from her 5.______ expression that I had not got the word quite right.Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughlymeans, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both 6.______new words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in our 7.______own first language. But sometimes we need to ask, as I should haveasked for Plush, and this is particularly true in the 8.______aspect of a foreign language. If you are continually surrounded by 9.______speakers of the language you are learning, you can ask them directly,but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English.So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap. 10.______2014改错There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions (1) ______have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (2) ______l Is it possible to acquire an additional language in thesame sense one acquires a first language? (3) ______l What is the explanation for the fact adults have (4) ______more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?l What motivates people to acquire additional language?l What is the role of the language teaching in the (5) ______acquisition of additional languages?l What social-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying thelearning of additional languages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (6) ______the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far haveone thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiringof an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (7) ______so. Whether one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an addi tionallanguage, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (8) ______focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of anindividual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities areinvolving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (9) ______or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in theclassroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (10) ______2013 专八短文改错试卷．Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processesinvolved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding,production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) _____listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language.One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2) ______happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3) ______Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page, (4) ______you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptionalcircumstances we might become aware of the complexity (5) ______involved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it。
专八改错真题及答案
2000 年-2015年专八短文改错试卷2015年3月21日专业八级考试改错When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular show on ice by the mother of a friend. Looked round a the luxury of the 1.______plush”” seats we had been “plushrink, my friend’s mother remarked on the given. I did not know what she meant, and being proud of my 2. ______Plush””vocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context. “Plushwas clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation。
that 3.______much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context. So I 4.______started to use the word. Yes, I replied, they certainly are plush, and ’t they? My so are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, arenfriend’’s mother was very polite to correct me, but I could tell from her 5.______friendexpression that I had not got the word quite right. Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughly means, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both 6.______new words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in our 7.______own first language. But sometimes we need to ask, as I should have asked for Plush, and this is particularly true in the 8.______aspect of a foreign language. If you are continually surrounded by 9.______speakers of the language you are learning, you can ask them directly, but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English. So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap. 10.______2014改错There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s. There is a high level of agreement that the following questions (1) ______ have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (2) ______ l Is it possible to acquire an additional language in the same sense one acquires a first language? (3) ______ l What is the explanation for the fact adults have (4) ______ more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have? l What motivates people to acquire additional language? l What is the role of the language teaching in the (5) ______ acquisition of additional languages? l What social-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying the learning of additional languages? From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (6) ______ the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far have one thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiring of an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (7) ______ tional so. Whether one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an addilanguage, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (8) ______ focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of an individual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities are involving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (9) ______ or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in the classroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (10) ______ 2013 专八短文改错试卷．Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processes involved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding, production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) _____ listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language. One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2) ______ happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3) ______ Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page, (4) ______ you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptional circumstances we might become aware of the complexity (5) ______ involved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it 。
英语专八试题改错练习附答案解析
英语专八试题改错练习附答案解析英语专八试题改错练习附答案解析学习有如母亲一般慈爱，它用纯洁和温柔的欢乐来哺育孩子，如果向它要求额外的报酬，也许就是罪过。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的英语专八试题改错练习附答案解析，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助! part 1Creating the proper atmosphere for a party is a difficult and excited job. Gone are the days when one could simply call__1__up one's friends and invite them on a Saturday evening for__2__a game of bridge. A hostess must make certain that her party is perfect, if she is to aid her career or those of her husband.__3__The first element that must be considered is the guest list. Since there are certain guests that must be invited,there are__4__just as many guest whom one must avoid. The wise hostess makes a list of five parts: those who must be invited, such as __5__an employer or persons whose hospitality must be returned:those who should be invited, but are not necessary to make the party to run smoothly, such as one's neighbors or personal__6__friends: those who must never be invited, such as the present__7__spouse of any guest or a business adversary; and those who would not be appropriate guests at that particular type of party, such as immigrants at a Daughters of the American Revolution(DAR)party. The secondary element critical to the success of a party is__8_its theme. Each party might have a definite reason for being, a __9__certain idea or mood running throughout the evening. While many persons consider such "gimmicky" as costume parties or Mexican fiestas passe, there are many alternative themes to choose between.__10__答案及解析：1. excited—exciting：两者都为形容词，但意义上有区别：excited意为“兴奋的，激动的，活跃的”，常常表示一种状态。
2015专八真题
2015专⼋真题2015专⼋真题TEXT A11. A the family structure12. B English working clahomes have spacious sitting rooms13. C stark14. A togetherness15. B constant pressure from the stateTEXT B16. A it further explains high-tech hubris17. B slow growth of the US economy18. A integrated the use of pa-pe-r and the digital form19. C more digital data use leads to greater pa-pe-r use20. A he review the situation from different perspectivesTEXT C21. D because Britons are still conscious of their clastatus22. D income is unimportant in determining which claone belongs to23. C Occupation and claare no longer related to each other24. C fewer types of work25. A showing modestyTEXD D26. D awkwardness27. B luxurious28. A they the couple as an object of fun29. C sweeping over the horizon, a precipice30. B the couple feel ill at easeFrom a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew that when I grew up I should be a writer. Between the ages of about seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so with the consciousness that I was outraging my true nature and that sooner or later I should have to settle down and write books.I was the middle child of three, but there was a gap of five years on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developed disagreeable mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my schooldays.I had the lonely child's habit of ma-ki-ng up stories and holding conversations with imaginary persons, and I think from the very start my literaryambitions were mixed up with the feeling of being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with words and a power of facing unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created a sort of private world in which I could get my own back for my failure in everyday life. Nevertheless the volume of serious — i.e. seriously intended — writing which I produced all through my childhood and boyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my first poem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.2015年专⼋真题参考答案改错部分（思版）1. grew 后加 up2. conscience 改成 consciousness3. soon 改成 sooner4. the 去掉5. disagreeing 改成 disagreeable6. imaginative 改成 imaginary7. literal 改成 literary8. in 去掉9. which 前加 in10. Therefore, 改成 Nevertheless原⽂出处：Why I Write by George OrwellFrom a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew that when I grew up I should be a writer. Between the ages of about seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so with the consciousnethat I was outraging my true nature and that sooner or later I should have to settle down and write books.I was the middle child of three, but there was a gap of five years on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developed disagreeable mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my schooldays.I had the lonely child's habit of ma-ki-ng up stories and holding conversations with imaginary persons, and I think from the very start my literary ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with words and a power of facing unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created a sort of private world in which I could get my own back for my failure in everyday life. Neverthelethe volume of serious — i.e. seriously intended — writing which I produced all through my childhood and boyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my first poem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation. I cannot remember anything about it except that it was about a tiger and the tiger had ‘chair-like teeth’ — a good enough phrase, but I fancy the poem was a plagiarism of Blake's ‘Tiger, Tiger’. At eleven, when the war or 1914-18 broke out, I wrote a patriotic poem which was printed in the local newspa-pe-r, as was another, two years later, on the death of Kitchener. From time to time, when I was a bit older, I wrote bad and usually unfinished ‘nature poems’ in the Georgian style. I also attempted a short story which was a ghastly failure. That was the total of the would-be serious work that I actually set down on pa-pe-r during all those years.However, throughout this time I did in a sense engage in literary activities. To begin with there was the made-to-order stuff which I produced quickly, easily and without much pleasure to myself. Apart from school work, I wrote vers d'occasion, semi-comic poems which I could turn out at what now seems to me astonishing speed — at fourteen I wrote a whole rhyming play, in imitation of Aristophanes, in about a week — and helped to edit a school magazines, both printed and in manuscript. These magazines were the most pitiful burlesque stuff that you could imagine, and I took far letrouble with them than I now would with the cheapest journalism. But side by side with all this, for fifteen years or more, I was carrying out a literary exercise of a quite different kind: this was the ma-ki-ng up of a continuous ‘story’ about myself, a sort of diary existing only in the mind. I believe this is a common habit of children and adolescents. As a very small child I used to imagine that I was, say, Robin Hood, and picture myself as the hero of thrilling adventures, but quite soon my ‘story’ ceased to be narcissistic in a crude way and became more and more a mere description of what I was doing and the things I saw. For minutes at a time this kind of thing would be runningthrough my head: ‘He pushed the door open and entered the room. A yellow beam of sunlight, filtering through the muslin curtains, slanted on to the table, where a match-box, half-open, lay beside the inkpot. With his right hand in his pocket he moved acroto the window. Down in the street a tortoiseshell cat was chasing a dead leaf’, etc. etc. This habit continued until I was about twenty-five, right through my non-literary years. Although I had to search, and did search, for the right words, I seemed to be ma-ki-ng this descriptive effort almost against my will, under a kind of compulsion from outside. The ‘story’ must, I suppose, have reflected the styles of the various writers I admired at different ages, but so far as I remember it always had the same meticulous descriptive quality.When I was about sixteen I suddenly discovered the joy of mere words, i.e. the sounds and associations of words. The lines from Paradise Lost —So hee with difficulty and labour hardMoved on: with difficulty and labour hee.which do not now seem to me so very wonderful, sent shivers down my backbone; and the spelling ‘hee’ for ‘he’ was an added pleasure. As for the need to describe things, I knew all about it already. So it is clear what kind of books I wanted to write, in so far as I could be said to want to write books at that time. I wanted to write enormous naturalistic novels with unhappy endings, full of detailed descriptions and arresting similes, and also full of purple passages in which words were used partly for the sake of their own sound. And in fact my first completed novel, Burmese Days, which I wrote when I was thirty but projected much earlier, is rather that kind of book.I give all this background information because I do not think one can assea writer's motives without knowing something of his early development. His subject matter will be determined by the age he lives in — at least this is true in tumultuous, revolutionary ages like our own — but before he ever begins to write he will have acquired an emotional attitude from which he will never completely escape. It is his job, no doubt, to discipline his temperament and avoid getting stuck at some immature stage, in some perverse mood; but if he escapes from his early influences altogether, he will have killed his impulse to write. Putting aside the need to earn a living, I think there are four great motives for writing, at any rate for writing prose. They exist in different degrees in every writer, and in any one writer the proportions will vary from time to time, according to the atmosphere in which he is living. They are:【2015专⼋真题】。
1995-2015年历年英语专业八级改错真题(窄页边距)
1995-2015年英语专业八级短文改错真题解析及参考答案2015年3月21日专业八级考试改错When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular showon ice by the mother of a friend. Looked round a the luxury of the 1. ______ rink, my friend’s mother remarked on the “plush” seats we had beengiven. I did not know what she meant, and being proud of my 2. ______ vocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context. “Plush”was clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation; that 3. ______ much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context. So I 4. ______ started to use the word. Yes, I replied, they certainly are plush, andso are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, aren’t they? Myfriend’s mother was very polite to correct me, but I could tell from her 5. ______ expression that I had not got the word quite right.Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughlymeans, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both 6. ______ new words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in our 7. ______ own first language. But sometimes we need to ask, as I should haveasked for Plush, and this is particularly true in the 8. ______ aspect of a foreign language. If you are continually surrounded by 9. ______ speakers of the language you are learning, you can ask them directly,but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English.So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap. 10. ______1.looked改成looking2.she后面加had3.去掉第二个a4.去掉it5.polite改成politely6.which改成that7.specially改成especially8.this改成it9.continually改成often10.mend改成narrow2014年英语专八改错真题答案There is widespread consensus among scholars that second languageacquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s toearly 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions ( a 前面加also) have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (possessed 改为captured) Is it possible to acquire an additional language in thesame sense one acquires a first language? (one前面加as ) What is the explanation for the fact adults have (fact后面加that) more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?What motivates people to acquire additional languages?What is the role of the language teaching in the (language前面去掉the) acquisition of an additional language?What socio-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying thelearning of additional languages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (去掉the)the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far haveone thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiringof an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (attempts改为attempting)so. Whether one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an additionallanguage, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (or 改为and)focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of anindividual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities areinvolving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (involving改为involved)or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in theclassroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (touch改为contact)2013英语专八改错真题答案Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processesinvolved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding,production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) _____listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language.One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2) ______happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3) ______Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page, (4) ______you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptionalcircumstances we might become aware of the complexity (5) ______involved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it;if a relative or colleague has had a stroke which has influenced (6) ______their language; if we observe a child acquire language; if (7) ______we try to learn a second language ourselves as an adult; orif we are visually impaired or hearing-impaired or if we meetanyone else who is. As we shall see, all these examples (8) ______of what might be called “language in exceptional circumstances”reveal a great deal about the processes evolved in speaking, (9) ______listening, writing and reading. But given that language processeswere normally so automatic, we also need to carry out careful (10) ______experiments to get at what is happening.1. production改成producing2. 去掉the3. 去掉accurately前面的so4. looking改为look5. we前面加that6. 去掉colleague后面的has7. their改成his8. anyone改成pure老师someone9. evolved改成involved10. were改成are2012年专八真题改错部分The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. Theargument has been going since at least the first (1) ______century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writersfavoured certain kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2) _______sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _______the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the turn of 19th (5) _______century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested thatthe linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _______gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _______literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the (9) _______extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, thenature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Toooften, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified witheach other. Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains. (10) _____参考答案：going后加on2. certain改为a certain3. rather改为not4. is 改为was5. in 改为at6. 去掉第二个the7. view后面加that8. 去掉was9. culminated后面加in10. and 改为but2011年专八真题改错部分From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knewthat when I grew I should be a writer. Between the ages of about 1__________seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did sowith the conscience that I was outraging my true nature and that 2___________soon or later I should have to settle down and write books. 3___________I was the child of three, but there was a gap of five years 4__________on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. Forthis and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developeddisagreeing mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my 5_____________schooldays. I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories andholding conversations with imaginative persons, and I think from 6_________the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of 7________being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with wordsand a power of facing in unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created 8________a sort of private world which I could get my own back for my failure 9________in everyday life. Therefore, the volume of serious — i.e. seriously 10________intended — writing which I produced all through my childhood andboyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my firstpoem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.1.在grow后加up, 考固定短语2. 改consience为consciousness 考词语区别，consience翻译为“良心，道德心”, consiousness翻译为“意识”3.改soon为sooner，sooner or later是固定短语4. 在child前加middle, 考上下文理解。
专八_改错_练习15篇 带答案解析
Error-correction Exercise 16NASA is about to launch a large satellite that will monitorthe health of Earth's atmosphere in unprecedented detail, and 1____________ keeping daily track of everything from the upper ozone layer,that guards against solar radiation, to the air near the 2____________ ground that people breathe. The $785 million missionis to be launched Saturday from Vandenberg Air Force Basein California. A Boeing Delta II rocket will send the 6,542-poundspacecraft into a 438-mile-high polar orbit. That is to scan the 3____________ atmosphere for at least six years.The craft, naming Aura, is the third and final addition to a series 4____________ of major satellites making up NASA's Earth Observing System,an initial set of spacecraft that designed to study all of the processes 5____________ that affect the Earth's climate and weather. Terra, which monitorsland-based processes, was launched in 1999; Aqua, which observesthe oceans and water cycle of Earth, sent up in 2002. These flagship 6____________ spacecrafts, joined by more than a dozen of other satellites launched by 7____________ the United States and several other nations, allow long-term studiesof the factors that influence climate change, using many differentinstruments. The launching is fundamentally a mission to understandand protect the very air we breathe. In conjunction with the 8____________ climate observatories, Aura should make a major contribution todetermine the causes, extent and consequences of global change. 9____________ The spacecraft carries four instruments that will survey theatmosphere from top to bottom, including monitoring ozonein its good and bad forms. In the upper atmosphere, ozone in thestratosphere provides a protective barrier for harmful ultraviolet 10___________ radiation from the Sun. In the troposphere, the atmospheric layerthat goes from the ground up to about six miles, ozone producedby combustion is a major pollutant in smog.Error-correction Exercise 17Mars has provoked much speculation on the possibilities 1___________ of life on Earth than any other planet in the Solar System. 2___________ The presence of water is a prerequisite forexisting of life. Therefore, “follow the water” has 3___________ been NASA’s chief guideline for the exploration of 4___________ a red planet. Although Mars experiences seasons likeon Earth an has polar caps which composed of 5___________ carbon dioxide and water ice, today it is bone-dry andfrigidly cold. But evidence is rapidly accumulating thatMars is once much wetter, with a more clement climate. 6___________This evidence comes from orbiting satellites and fromdata collected by roving landers.Since the 1970’s, space probes of Mars have revealed 7___________ numerous features apparent carved by flowing water, 8___________ such as winding, branched valleys resemblingdriedout streambeds and giant outflow channels gougedby catastrophic floods. Recent high-resolution imageryfrom the Mars Global Surveyor, Mars Orbiter Cameraand the Mars Odyssey Themis reveal numerous examples 9___________ of branched valleys that form tightly-packed integrateddrainage system. There channels origins at topographichigh points; the valleys widen “downstream”, someeven displaying inner valleys. The valley networksexhibit morph metric characteristics, including networksdensities, comparative to those of terrestrial drainage basins. 10__________ These features were most likely produced by rainfall, duringwetter, warmer periods in the past.Error-correction Exercise 18The word petroleum has its root in the Latin word oleum, 1___________ which means oil, and the Greek word petra, which means rock..The word petrified shares with the same Greek root. As the 2___________ price of oleum has soared up, the links between fear and petroleum 3___________ have become clear to economists as well as etymologists.Fears of heating-oil shortage this winter helped to push thebenchmark price of crude over $55 per barrel, a new record, onMonday October 18th. The spike in oil prices, up by over60% since the start of the year, is by turn, raising fears for the 4___________ global recovery. Even oil exporters are worried. The high pricesthey currently enjoy will slow economic growth next year,warned the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries(OPEC) on Monday. If oil remains expensive, cartel 5___________ Pointed out, people will by less of it. The last week, for the 6___________ first time since June, American motorists paid more than $2average for a gallon of petrol. To fill their tank these days,they must shell out almost 30% more than last year. Therefore 7___________ the anxiety is not confined to the petrol pump. About 7.7mAmerican households, most of whom in the north-east, rely 8___________ on oil to warm their homes. In a cold snap, they draw onstockpiles of heating oil, amassed at various points around thecountry.Inflation remains at bay, for the moment, most workers 9___________ expect it to stay that way. There is a little sign yet that higher 10___________oil prices are feeding into higher wage demands. It would thusbe too much to say that central bankers are petrified by petroleum.But as the price of oil sets new records, their rock-like confidenceis beginning to crumble.Error-correction Exercise 19When an invention is made, the inventor has threepossible courses of action open for him: he can give the 1___________ invention to the world by publishing it, keep the ideasecrete, or paten it.A granted paten is the result of a bargain betweenan inventor and the state, by which the inventor gets alimited period of monopoly and publishes full detailsof his invention to the public after that period terminates.Only in the most exceptional circumstances are the life-span 2___________ of a patent extended to alter this normal process of events.The longest extension never granted was to Georges Vlensi; 3___________ his 1939 patent for color TV receiver circuitry was extendeduntil 1971 because for most of the patent’s normal life therewas no colorful TV to receive and thus no hope of reward to 4___________ the invention.Because a patent remains permanently public afterit has terminated, the shelves of the library attaching to the 5___________ patent office contain details of literally millions of ideasthat are free for anyone advise to use and, if older thanhalf a century, sometimes even patent,. Indeed, patent 6___________ experts often advise anyone wishing to avoid the highcost of conducting a search through live patent that theone sure of avoiding violation of any other inventor’sright is to plagiarize a dead patent. Likely, because 7___________ publication of an idea in any other form permanentlyinvalidates further patent on that idea, it is traditionally 8___________ safe to take ideas from other areas of print. Much moderntechnological advance is based on these presumptions oflegal security.Anyone closely involved in patents and inventionssoon learn that most “new” ideas are, in fact, as old as thehills. It is their reduction to commercial practice, neither 9___________ through necessity or dedication, or through the availabilityof new technology, which makes news and money. 10___________ Error-correction Exercise 20How can an organization’s sales operation beimproved? One of the key to becoming more effective 1___________ is to first determine the type of “selling process” whichneeds to be used. With other words, the role the salesperson 2___________ must play has to be identified. There are three differentprocesses sales staff can adapt: narrative, suggestive and 3___________ consultative.The narrative approach depends on the salespersonmove quickly into a standardized presentation. Every buyer 4___________ receives the same presentation. Emphasis is to highlighting 5___________ benefits and how the product or services can help the buyer.This is an effective approach if the buying motive for allcustomers is basically the same. This process is well suitedwhich there are a great number of prospects to be called on. 6__________ The suggestive approach depends on the sellerbeing in a position to offer alternated recommendations. 7__________ This is quite different from the narrative approach as thepresentation is tailored to the individual customer. Here,the salesperson must initiate some discussion in order toget the buyer in a negative frame of mind. 8__________ The consultative approach requires the salespersonto have a thorough understanding of the customer and whatthe customer is trying to achieve. The role of the salespersonis to become an adviser or consultant and she/he must acquire agreat deal of informations from the customer. With this information 9__________ the salesperson can plan what to offer the customer.Hiring, training, motivating and rewarding salespersonneed to be linked the type of sales process being used and 10__________ that where the problem starts. A key issue in developing aprofessional sales organization is in first establishing thesales process. When the decision has been made, all othersales decisions, including hiring, training and rewards canbe linked to it.Error-correction Exercise 21Ethnography is the study of a particular humansociety or the process of making such a study.Contemporary ethnography is based almost entirelyon fieldwork and requires the complete immersionof the anthropologist on the culture and everyday life 1___________ of the people who are the subject of this study. Ethnography,by virtue with its intersubjective nature, is necessarily 2___________ comparative. Giving that the anthropologist in the field 3___________necessarily retains certain cultural biases, his/herobservation and description must, to certain degree, 4___________ be comparative. Thus the formulating of generalizationabout culture and the drawing of comparisons inevitablybecomes components of ethnography. 5___________ Modern anthropologists usually identify theestablishment of ethnography as a professional field and 6___________ the pioneering work of the Polish-born British anthropologistBronislaw Malinowski in the Trobriand Islangs of Melanesia.Ethnographic field word has since become a sort of rite ofpassage into the profession of cultural anthropology. Manyethnographers reside above the field for a year or more, learning 7___________ the local language or dialect and, to the greatest extentpossible, participating in everyday life while at the sametime maintain an observer’s objective detachment. 8___________ Contemporary ethnographies usually adhere to acommunity, rather than individual, focus and concentrateon the description of current circumstance ratherthan historical event. Traditionally, commonalities amongmembers of the group have been emphasized, because recent 9___________ ethnography has begun to reflect an interest in theimportance of variation within cultural systems. Ethnographicstudies are no longer restricted to small primitive societies butmay also focus on such social units as urban ghettos. The toolof the ethnographer have changed ra dically since Malinowaski’stime, while detailed notes are still a mainstay of field word,ethnographers have taken full advantage over technological 10___________ development such as motion pictures and tape recorders toargument their written accounts.Error-correction Exercise 22Unlike those other notoriously missing items - the weapons ofmass destruction - television's missing young men appear tohave found, back in front of their TV sets. 1___________ The case of the missing young men began roiling the televisionindustry a year ago. Droves of men from ages 18 to 34, one ofthe groups most coveted by advertisers, had seemly stopped 2___________ watching television, according to the sole ratings arbiter, NielsenMedia Research. Commentary abounded that a significant culturalshift had taken place and that a generation of men were steadily 3____________ quitting television-viewing, forsook both network and cable 4____________ programs in favor of video games, DVD's and the Internet.Nielsen stands by its ratings, therefore in a development that several 5___________Nielsen critics call utterly it predictable, the most recent evidence indicates 6___________ that the young men are back, watching television in pretty much thesame numbers they were two years before. 7___________ In July, one year after the falloff was detected, an average of 25.8percent of men from ages 18 to 34 were watching television at anygiving moment in prime time. That figure was up from the 24.7 8___________ percent that Nielsen reported a year ago - and virtually the same as the25.9 percent that it reported for the group in July 2002."It kind of went right back to what God intended it to be," the president 9___________ for research for NBC, Alan Wurtzel, said. Mr. Wurtzel's facetiousness wasmatched by a real sense of vindication. He was among the most vocalof the critics who took on Nielsen last year, saying its numbers - whichin September showed a drop in viewing by young men of more than10 percent - could possibly be accurate because they were so inconsistent 10__________ with viewing patterns established over years of measurement.Error-correction Exercise 23The stunningly slow pace of job creation, which sank to growthof just 32,000 in July, has provided new ammunition in an intense politicaldebate in job quality. For months, Democrats have said that the 1___________ long-delay employment recovery was concentrated in low-wage jobs 2___________ that paid far less than those that lost. White House officials replied 3___________ that the available data failed to settle the matter one way or the other.The data is still inconclusive. But the weakness in job creation andthe apparent weakness in high-paying jobs may be opposite sides ofa coin. Companies still seem cautiously, relying on temporary workers 4___________ and anxious about rising health care costs associating with full-time workers. 5___________ Many economists say that over the long term, the most vulnerable positionsare those at the low end of the wage scale that requires fewer skills and are 6___________ easily replicated. Even now, at a time when a proportionate number of 7___________ new jobs appear to be lower-paying ones, there has been growth in somehigh-income occupations like accounting, architecture and software.Yet the earnings gap between the highest-paid employees and the rest ofthe work force is still widening, as it was over most of the last 30 years. 8___________ The trend is most striking in factories, which accounted for the bulk of joblosses in the last three years and tending to pay above-average wages. 9___________ In contrast with previous recoveries, when companies rehired a large 10___________ proportion of laid-off workers, manufacturers have added only 91,000jobs this year, having eliminated more than two million jobs in the previousthree years.Not too many decades ago it seemed “obvious” both to the generalpublic and to sociologists that modern society has changed people’snatural relations, loosed their responsibilities to 1_____________ kins and neighbors, and substituted in their place 2_____________ for superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. 3_____________ However, in recent years a growing body of research has re-vealed that the “obvious” is not true. It seems that if you are a cityresident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighborsthan you if you are a resident of a smaller community. 4_____________ But, for the most part, this fact has a few significant 5_____________ consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you knowfew of your neighbors you will know no one else.Even in very large cities, people maintain close social tieswithin small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and quality ofmeaningful relationship do not differ between more and less urban 6____________ people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than do 7____________ big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friend-ships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanismmay produce a different style of life, but the quality of life does notdiffer between town and city. Or are residents of large communities 8___________ any likely to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation 9___________ than are residents of smaller communities. However, citydwellers do worry more about crime, and thisleads them to a distrust for strangers. 10___________Error-correction Exercise 25The violence within a society is controlled through institutionsof law. The most developed a legal system becomes, the more 1____________ societies takes responsibility for the discovery, control, and punish- 2____________ ment of violent acts. In most tribal societies the only means todealing with an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may 3____________ have the responsibility for personal carrying out judgment and 4____________ punishment upon the person who did the offense. 5____________ But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomespersonalized and diffused. The society assumes the responsibility for 6___________ protecting individuals form violence. In cases where he cannot be 7___________ protected, the society is responsible for committing punishment. 8___________ In a state controlling legal system, individuals are removed 9___________ from the circle of revenge motivated by acts of violence, and the 10___________ state assumes responsibility for their protection.Now, it is clear that the decline of a language must ultimatelyhave political and economical causes: it is not due simply to the bad 1____________ influence of this or that individual writers. But an effect can become 2____________ a cause, reinforce the original cause and producing the same effect 3____________ in an intensified form, and so on indefinitely. A man may take drink 4____________ because he feels himself to be a failure, and then fail all the most 5____________ completely because he drinks. It is rather the same thing that ishappening to the English language. It becomes ugly and inaccuratebecause our thoughts are foolish, but the sloven of our language makes 6____________ it easier for us to have foolish thoughts. The point is that the processis irreversible. Modern English, especially written English, is full of 7____________ bad habits which spread by imitation and which can be avoided if oneis willing to take the necessary trouble. If one gets ride of these habitsone can think more clearly, and think clearly is a necessary first 8____________ step toward political regeneration: so that the fight against badEnglish is not frivolous and is not the exclusive concerning of pro- 9____________ fessional writers. I will come back to this present, and I hope that by 10____________ that time the meaning of what I have said here will have becomeclearer.Error-correction Exercise 27This brings us to a seeming paradox. Acutely aware of the smallestconstitution particles of time, industrialized man has to a great 1____________ extent lose the old awareness of time in its larger divisions. The 2____________ time which we have knowledge is artificial, machine-made time. 3____________ Natural, cosmic time, as is measured out by the sun and the moon, 4____________ we are for the most part almost wholly unconscious. Pre-industrialpeople know time in its daily, monthly and seasonal rhythms. Theyare aware of sunrise and of spring and summer, autumn and winter.All the old religions, including Catholic Christianity, has insisted on 5____________ this daily and seasonal rhythm. Pre-industrial man was never allowedto forget the majestic movement of cosmic time.Industrialism and urbanism have changed all this. One can liveand work in a town without aware of the daily march of the sun 6____________ across the sky. Broadway and Piccadilly are our Milky Way；ourconstellations are outlined in neon tubes. Even changes of seasonaffect the townsman very a little. He is the inhabitant of an artificial 7____________ universe that, to a great extent, walled off from the world of nature. 8____________ Outside the walls, time is cosmic and moves with the motion ofthe sun and stars. Within, it is an affair of revolving wheals and ismeasured by seconds and minutes----at its longest, in eight-hour days 9____________and six-day weeks. We have a new conscience, but it has been pur- 10____________ chased at the expense of the old.Error-correction Exercise 28Culture in general is concerned about beliefs and values on the 1___________ basis of which people interpret experiences and behave, individuallyand in groups. Broadly an d simply putting, “culture” refers to a 2___________ group or community with that you share common experiences that 3___________ shape the way how you understand the world. Culture is the “lens” 4___________ through which you view the world. It is central to what you see,how you make sense of what you see, and how you express your-self. Culture is often at the root of communication challenges. Explo-ring historical experiences and the ways in which various culturalgroups have related to each other is key to open channels for cross- 5___________ cultural communication. Becoming more beware of cultural differ- 6___________ ences, as well as exploring cultural similarities, can help you com-municate with the others more effectively. Next time you find your- 7___________ self a confusing situation, ask yourself how culture may be shap- 8___________ ing your own reactions, and try to see the world from the other’spoint of view. Anthropologists discovered that, when faced by inter-action that we do not understand, people tend to interpret the othersinvolved as “abnormal”, “weird” or “wrong”. Awareness of culturaldifferences and recognizing where cultural differences are in 9___________ work is the first step toward understanding each other and establish 10___________ a positive working environment. Use these differences to challengeyour own assumptions about the “right” way of doing things and as achance to learn new ways to solve problems.Error-correction Exercise 29In May, dozens of factory workers and landscapers lined up outside athree-story concrete building here on Drift Street, snaking aroundthe block to register their children for classes at a preschool that run by 1___________ the Puerto Rican Action Board, a private nonprofitable group. 2___________ On Monday, many of them will gather together at the State House in Trenton 3___________ to try to keep their beloved school from closing. They plan to protestthat they claim is a form of institutional bias. The New Jersey Department 4___________ of Education, they argue, wants to eliminate the community-based,most nonprofit private preschool programs like the one that the 5___________ Puerto Rican Action Board runs.The group, which started offering preschool in 1973, maintains thatthe state is refusing to cover raising costs in violation of a 1998 6___________ state Supreme Court ruling mandating that 30 poor districts will receive 7___________everything they need to create "well-planned, high-quality" preschools.Without the money, it says, it will have to close its three preschools here.The Department of Education says the Puerto Rican Action Boardreceives plenty of money - about $9,700 for each of its 225 children,close to $1,000 on average than the state's public preschools, and 8___________ more than twice what public preschools receive in New York.At the heart of the battle, however, it lies a much larger debate about 9___________ the role of private nonprofit agencies in a public system. The Puerto RicanAction Board and other social service agencies have been offering preschoolfor decades, and the court decision explicitly states that any schoolunable to meet the court's education standard "should be supplied with 10__________ the necessary funding to be able to do so."Error-correction Exercise 30For many materials the process of turning them back into usefulraw materials are straightforward: metals are shredded into pieces, 1____________ paper is reduced to pulp and glass is crushed into cullet. Metalsand glass can be remelted almost indefinitely without any lossof quality, while paper can be recycled up to six times. 2____________ Plastics, which are made of fossil fuels, are somewhat different. 3____________ Because they have many useful properties—they are flexible, 4____________ lightweight and can be shaped into any form—there are manydifferent types, most of them need to be processed separately. 5____________ In 2005 less than 6% of the plastic from America's municipalwaste stream was recovered. And of that small fraction, the onlytwo types recycling in significant quantities were PET and HDPE. 6____________ For PET, food-grade bottle-to-bottle recycling exists. But plasticis often “down-cycled” into other products such as plastic lumber,drain pipes and carpet fibres, which tend to end up in landfills and 7___________ incinerators at the end of their useful lives.And so, plastics are being used more and more, not just for packaging, 8___________ but also in consumer goods such as cars, televisions and personalcomputers. Because such products are made of a variety of materialsand can contain multiple types of plastic, metals and glass, they areespecially difficult and expensive to dismantle and recycle.Europe and Japan have initiated “take back” laws that requireelectronics manufacturers recycle their products. But in America 9___________ only a handful of states have passed such legislation. That has causedproblems for companies that specialise in recycling plastics fromcomplex waste streams and dependent on take-back laws for getting 10___________ the necessary feedstock.Key to Error-correction Ex. 161．答案：去掉and，语法辨析题。
专八改错 (2000年-2015年)真题及答案
2000 年-2015 年专八短文改错试题，参考答案以及答案分析2005年3月21日专业八级考试改错When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular showon ice by the mother of a friend. Looked round a the luxury of the 1. ______rink, my friend’s mother remarked on the “plush” seats we had beengiven. I did not know what she meant, and being proud of my 2. ______ vocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context. “Plush”was clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation; that 3. ______much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context. So I 4. ______started to use the word. Yes, I replied, they certainly are plush, andso are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, aren’t they? Myfriend’s mother was very polite to correct me, but I could tell from her 5. ______ expression that I had not got the word quite right.Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughlymeans, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both 6. ______new words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in our 7. ______own first language. But sometimes we need to ask, as I should haveasked for Plush, and this is particularly true in the 8. ______aspect of a foreign language. If you are continually surrounded by 9. ______speakers of the language you are learning, you can ask them directly,but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English.So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap. 10. ______1.looked改成looking2.she后面加had3.去掉第二个a4.去掉it5.polite改成politely6.which改成that7.specially改成especially8.this改成it9.continually改成often10.mend改成narrow2014改错There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions (1) ______have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (2) ______l Is it possible to acquire an additional language in thesame sense one acquires a first language? (3) ______l What is the explanation for the fact adults have (4) ______more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?l What motivates people to acquire additional language?l What is the role of the language teaching in the (5) ______acquisition of additional languages?l What social-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying thelearning of additional languages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (6) ______the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far haveone thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiringof an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (7) ______ so. Whether one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an additionallanguage, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (8) ______focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of anindividual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities areinvolving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (9) ______ or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in theclassroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (10) ______1. 把of去掉。
专八改错真题及答案
2000 年-2015年专八短文改错试卷2015年3月21日专业八级考试改错When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular showon ice by the mother of a friend. Looked round a the luxury of the 1.______rink, my friend’s mother remarked on the “plush” seats we had beengiven. I did not know what she meant, and being proud of my 2. ______ vocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context. “Plush”was clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation。
that 3.______much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context. So I 4.______started to use the word. Yes, I replied, they certainly are plush, andso are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, aren’t they? Myfriend’s mother was very polite to correct me, but I could tell from her 5.______ expression that I had not got the word quite right.Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughlymeans, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both 6.______new words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in our 7.______own first language. But sometimes we need to ask, as I should haveasked for Plush, and this is particularly true in the 8.______aspect of a foreign language. If you are continually surrounded by 9.______speakers of the language you are learning, you can ask them directly,but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English.So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap. 10.______2014改错There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions (1) ______have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (2) ______l Is it possible to acquire an additional language in thesame sense one acquires a first language? (3) ______l What is the explanation for the fact adults have (4) ______more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?l What motivates people to acquire additional language?l What is the role of the language teaching in the (5) ______acquisition of additional languages?l What social-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying thelearning of additional languages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (6) ______the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far haveone thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiringof an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (7) ______so. Whether one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an addi tionallanguage, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (8) ______focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of anindividual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities areinvolving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (9) ______or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in theclassroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (10) ______2013 专八短文改错试卷．Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processesinvolved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding,production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) _____listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language.One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2) ______happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3) ______Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page, (4) ______you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptionalcircumstances we might become aware of the complexity (5) ______involved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it。
专八改错精选15篇及详细答案
TEXT 1About half of the infant and maternal deaths in developing countries couldbe avoided if women had used family planning methods to prevent high risk ____1____pregnancies, according to a report publishing recently by the Johns Hopking ____2____University.The report indicates that 5.6 million infant deaths and 2,000,000 maternalDeaths could be prevented this year if women chose to have theirs children ____3____within the safest years with adequate intervals among births and limited their ____4____families to moderate size.This amounts to about half of the 9.8 million infant and 370.000 maternaldeaths in developing countries, excluded China, estimated for this year by ____5____the United Nation’s Children’s Fund and the US Centers for Disease Controlrespectably. China was excluded because very few births occur in the high ____6____risk categories.The report says that evidences from around the world shows the risk of ____7____maternal or infant ill and death is the highest in four specific types of ____8_____pregnancy; pregnancies before the mother is 18 year old; those after the ____9____mother is 35 years old; pregnancies after four births; and those lesser than ____10____two years apart.Key:1 将had used 改为used。
20082015专八改错真题及答案
2000 年-2015 年专八短文改错试题2015年3月21日专业八级考试改错When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular showon ice by the mother of a friend. Looked round a the luxury of the 1. ______rink, my friend’s mother remarked on the “plush” seats we had beengiven. I did not know what she meant, and being proud of my 2. ______ vocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context. “Plush”was clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation; that 3. ______much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context. So I 4. ______started to use the word. Yes, I replied, they certainly are plush, andso are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, aren’t they? Myfriend’s mother was very polite to correct me, but I could tell from her 5. ______ expression that I had not got the word quite right.Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughlymeans, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both 6. ______new words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in our 7. ______own first language. But sometimes we need to ask, as I should haveasked for Plush, and this is particularly true in the 8. ______aspect of a foreign language. If you are continually surrounded by 9. ______speakers of the language you are learning, you can ask them directly,but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English.So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap. 10. ______2014改错There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions (1) ______have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (2) ______l Is it possible to acquire an additional language in thesame sense one acquires a first language? (3) ______l What is the explanation for the fact adults have (4) ______more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?l What motivates people to acquire additional language?l What is the role of the language teaching in the (5) ______acquisition of additional languages?l What social-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying thelearning of additional languages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (6) ______the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far haveone thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiringof an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (7) ______so. Whether one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an additionallanguage, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (8) ______focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of anindividual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities areinvolving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (9) ______or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in theclassroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (10) ______2013 专八短文改错试题．Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processesinvolved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding,production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) _____listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language.One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2) ______happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3) ______Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page, (4) ______you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptionalcircumstances we might become aware of the complexity (5) ______involved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it;if a relative or colleague has had a stroke which has influenced (6) ______their language; if we observe a child acquire language; if (7) ______we try to learn a second language ourselves as an adult; orif we are visually impaired or hearing-impaired or if we meetanyone else who is. As we shall see, all these examples (8) ______of what might be called “language in exceptional circumstances”reveal a great deal about the processes evolved in speaking, (9) ______listening, writing and reading. But given that language processeswere normally so automatic, we also need to carry out careful (10) ______experiments to get at what is happening.2012年The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. The argument has been going since at least the first (1) ______century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writersfavoured certain kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2) _______sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _______the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the turn of 19th(5) _______century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested thatthe linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _______gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _______literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the (9) _______extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, thenature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Toooften, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified witheach other. Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains. (10) _____2011年专八真题改错部分From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knewthat when I grew I should be a writer. Between the ages of about 1__________ seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did sowith the conscience that I was outraging my true nature and that 2___________soon or later I should have to settle down and write books. 3___________I was the child of three, but there was a gap of five years 4__________on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. Forthis and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developeddisagreeing mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my 5_____________ schooldays. I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories andholding conversations with imaginative persons, and I think from 6_________the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of 7________being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with wordsand a power of facing in unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created 8________a sort of private world which I could get my own back for my failure 9________in everyday life. Therefore, the volume of serious — i.e. seriously 10________ intended — writing which I produced all through my childhood andboyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my firstpoem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.2010年专八真题改错部分So far as we can tell, all human languages are equallycomplete and perfect as instruments of communication: that is,every language appears to be well equipped as any other to say 1________________ the things their speakers want to say. 2________________ There may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive 3________________peoples or cultures, but that is another matter. Certainly, not allgroups of people are equally competent in nuclear physics orpsychology or the cultivation of rice . Whereas this is not the 4_____________fault of their language. The Eskimos , it is said, can speak aboutsnow with further more precision and subtlety than we can in 5______________English, but this is not because the Eskimo language (one of thosesometimes miscalled 'primitive') is inherently more precise andsubtle than English. This example does not come to light a defect 6______________in English, a show of unexpected 'primitiveness'. The position issimply and obviously that the Eskimos and the English live in similar 7____________ environments. The English language will be just as rich in terms 8____________for different kinds of snow, presumably, if the environments in whichEnglishwas habitually used made such distinction as important. 9_____________ Similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo languagecould be as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufactureor cricket if these topics formed the part of the Eskimos' life. 10____________2009The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passesfrom one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference (1)___________between school lore and nursery lore. In nursery lore a verse,learnt in early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the (2)___________ little listener has grown up, and has children of their own, or even (3)____________ grandchildren. The period between learning a nursery rhyme andtransmitting it may be something from twenty to seventy years. With (4)_____________ the playground lore, therefore, a rhyme may be excitedly passed (5)___________ on within the very hour it is learnt; and in the general, it passes (6)_____________ between children of the same age, or nearly so, since it is uncommonfor the difference in age between playmates to be more than fiveyears. If ,therefore, a playground rhyme can be shown to have beencurrently for a hundred years, or even just for fifty, it follows that it (7)__________ has been retransmitted over and over; very possibly it has passed (8)___________ along a chain of two or three hundred young hearers and tellers, andthe wonder is that it remains live after so much handling, (9)____________to let alone that it bears resemblance to the (10)____________2008年专八真题短文改错The desire to use language as a sign of national identity is avery natural one, and in result language has played a prominent ____1____part in national moves. Men have often felt the need to cultivate ____2____a given language to show that they are distinctive from another ____3____race whose hegemony they resent. At the time the United States ____4____split off from Britain, for example, there were proposals thatindependence should be linguistically accepted by the use of a ____5____different language from those of Britain. There was even one ____6____proposal that Americans should adopt Hebrew. Others favouredthe adoption of Greek, though, as one man put it, things wouldcertainly be simpler for Americans if they stuck on to English ____7____and made the British learn Greek. At the end, as everyone ____8____knows, the two countries adopted the practical and satisfactorysolution of carrying with the same language as before. ____9____Since nearly two hundred years now, they have shown the world ____10____that political independence and national identity can be completewithout sacrificing the enormous mutual advantages of a commonlanguage.customer.20151.looked改成looking2.she后面加had3.去掉第二个a4.去掉it5.polite改成politely6.which改成that7.specially改成especially8.this改成it9.continually改成often10.mend改成narrow20141. 把of去掉。
2015年专业英语八级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2015年专业英语八级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 2. READING COMPREHENSION 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 4. PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION 5. TRANSLATION 6. WRITINGPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREDirections: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.听力原文：Understanding Academic Lectures Good morning, everybody. Now, at the university, you, as students, are often called on to perform many types of listening tasks, listening in a group discussion, listening to a teacher on a one-to-one basis, and listening to academic lectures. So, what I’m going to talk about today is what a listener needs to be able to do in order to comprehend an academic lecture efficiently. OK. What do you need to do in order to understand the lecture? Now, there are four things that I’m going to talk about. (1)The first thing is that you need to be aware of all of the parts of the language that carry meaning. You all know that words carry meaning. So you’ve got to be aware of the vocabulary of the language.(2)But there are some other features. For one thing, you need to be aware of stress. Let me give you an example: I went to the bar. I went to the bar. It makes a difference. In the second example, I’m stressing the fact that it was me and not someone else. So that this means stress has some meaning. Now the next thing you might want to listen for is intonation. For example, if I say “He came. ““He came?” There are two different meanings. One is a statement: the other one is a question.(3)And another thing you need to listen for is rhythm. For instance, “Can you see, Mary?” versus “Can you see Mary?” da-da-Da-da-da, da-da-da-Da-da. Those two mean something different. In the first one, they’re talking directly to Mary while the second one means “Can you see Mary, over there?”Now the next thing you must do when you listen is that you need to add information that the lecturer expects you to add. All lecturers assume that they share some information with their audience and that their audience does not need them to explain every word.(4/5/6)And listeners have an ability to add this information due to two sources of information, that is, one, their knowledge of a particular subject, and two, their knowledge or experience of the world. So remember, listening is not a matter of just absorbing the speaker’s words. The listener has to do more than that. The listener is not a tape recorder absorbing the speaker’s words and putting them into his or her brain.(7)Rather, listening involves hearing the speaker’s words and reinterpreting them. Adding information if necessary.So the meaning is not in the word alone. Rather, it is in the person who uses it or responds to it. So that the second dung that a listener must do: add information that the lecturer assumes that they share. OK.(8)The third thing mat a listener needs to do, and this is to me the most important thing of all, and that’s to predict as you listen. Now let me give you two reasons why you have to predict. For one thing, if you predict, it helps you overcome noise. What do I mean by noise? Maybe there’s noise outside and you can’t hear me. Maybe you’re in the back of the room and you can’t hear all that well. Maybe the microphone doesn’t work. Maybe there’s noise inside your head. By that I mean maybe you’re thinking of something else and men all of a sudden you’ll remember, “Oh! I’ve got to listen!” By being able to predict during me lecture you can just keep listening to me lecture and not lose the idea of what’s going on. So predicting is important to help you overcome outside noise and inside noise. And another reason that predicting is important is because it saves you time. Now when you listen, you need time to think about the information, relate it to old ideas, take notes. And if you’re only keeping up with what I’m saying or what the lecturer’s saying, you have no time to do that. And I’ll bet a lot of you are having that problem right now. Because it’s so hard just to follow everything I’m saying that you don’t have time to note down ideas. So predicting saves you time. If you can guess what I’m going to say, you’re able to take notes, you are able to think, you have more time. OK?(9)And there are two types of predictions that you can make: predictions of content and predictions of organization. Let me give you an example in terms of content. If you hear the words “because he loved to cook, his favorite room was...”What would you expect? Kitchen. You can guess this because you know people cook in the kitchen. OK? And you can also predict organization. So if I was going to tell you a story, you’d expect me to tell you why the story is important. If you are setting for the story, so you have expectations of what the speaker is going to talk about and how the speaker will organize his or her words. Now, let’s come to the last thing a listener must do: the listener must evaluate as he or she is listening, decide what’s important, what’s not, decide how something relates to something else. OK? There are again two reasons for this.(10)The first one is evaluating helps you to decide what to take notes about, what’s important to write down, what’s not important to write down. And the second reason is that evaluating helps you to keep information. Studies have shown that we retain more information if ideas are connected to one another, rather than just individually remembered. So for example, if I give you five ideas that are not related to one another, that’s much more difficult to remember than five ideas that are related. So you can see, evaluating helps you to remember information better because it connects ideas to one another. OK, from what I’ve said so far, you can see there’s a lot involved in listening to lectures—language awareness, adding information, making predictions and evaluations. I hope these will be useful to you in lecture comprehension.Understanding Academic Lectures Listening to academic lectures is an important task for university students. Then, how can we comprehend a lecture efficiently?I. Understanding all【B1】______【B1】______A. wordsB.【B2】______【B2】______ —stress —intonation —【B3】______【B3】______II.Adding informationA. lecturers: sharing information with audienceB. listeners:【B4】______【B4】______C. sources of information—knowledge of【B5】______【B5】______—【B6】______of the world【B6】______D. listening involving three steps: —hearing—【B7】______【B7】______—adding III.【B8】______【B8】______A. reasons:—overcome noise —save timeB.【B9】______【B9】______—content—organization IV. Evaluating while listeningA. helps to decide the【B10】______of notes【B10】______B. helps to remember information1．【B1】正确答案：parts of language解析：细节理解题。
最新英语专八改错练习题带答案
最新英语专八改错练习题带答案最新英语专八改错练习题带答案知识是引导人生到光明与真实境界的灯烛，愚暗是达到光明与真实境界的障碍，也就是人生发展的障碍。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的最新英语专八改错练习题带答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!Humankind’s future safety and longevity of life on Earth largely depend on the environment which we live. Keeping the air we __1__ breathe free of pollution is a major priority towards making this earth a safe place. Other areas of concern are water, land, the ozone layer, and the preservation of flora and fauna of the planet.Every country has ecological issues to deal. In South America, __2__ the rain forests are rapidly disappearing as people burn and cut down trees to make for farmland. Many Middle-Eastern and Asian countries __3__ have a battle to fight with air, water, and land pollution. Lakes and swamps are spread with debris. __4__ Mass chemical spraying is used to kill pests on trees and plants. Abundant __5__ use of water in countries as China has caused major water shortage. __6__ Rivers become polluted by factories and the populations that live on their banks. Global warming is considered a major factor caused __7__ the droughts in eastern China, the Sudan, Ethiopia, and northern Kenya.The reduction of the ozone layer is blamed for the global warming trends in variant countries of this globe, and the spread of disease like skin __8__ cancer. Societies at large need to pay attention to the existing problems in order to get of the imminent danger of famine, drought and diseases __9__ that rise from the damage that pollution causes. __10__参考答案及解析：1.^which-in 此处的介词其实是和live连用的，live in the environment。
专八改错2000年-2015年真题及答案
2000 年-2015 年专八短文改错试题，参考答案以及答案分析2005年 3月 21日专业八级考试改错When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular showon ice by the mother of a friend. Looked round a the luxury of the 1. __________rink, my friend 's mother remarked on the “plush ”seats we had beengiven. I did not know what she meant, and being proud of my 2. __________ vocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context. “Plush”was clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation; that 3. __________much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context. So I 4. __________started to use the word. Yes, I replied, they certainly are plush, and so are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, aren't they? Myfriend 's mother was very polite to correct me, but I could tell from her 5. __________expression that I had not got the word quite right.Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughlymeans, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both 6. new words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in our 7.own first language. But sometimes we need to ask, as I should haveasked for Plush, and this is particularly true in the 8.aspect of a foreign language. If you are continually surrounded by 9.speakers of the language you are learning, you can ask them directly,but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English.So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap. 10. ____________1.looked 改成looking2.she 后面加had3.去掉第二个a4.去掉it5.polite 改成politely6.which 改成that7.specially 改成especially8.this 改成it9.continually 改成often10.mend 改成narrow2014 改错There is widespread consensusamong scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions (1) __________have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (2) ___________l Is it possible to acquire an additional language in the same sense one acquires a first language?(3) ________________________________________________________l What is the explanation for the fact adults have (4) _________more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?l What motivates people to acquire additional language?l What is the role of the Ian guage teachi ng in the (5) _______acquisiti on of additi on al la nguages?I What social-cultural factors, if any, are releva nt in study ing the lear ning of additi on al languages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (6) _________the approaches adopted to study the phe nomena of SLA so far have one thi ng in com mon: The perspective adopted to view the acquiri ng of an additi on al la nguage is that of an in dividual attempts to do (7) ____________________________________________________so. Whether one labels it “ learning ” or “acquiring ” an additionalIan guage, it is an in dividual accomplishme nt or what is un der (8) _______focus is the cog nitive, psychological, and in stituti onal status of an in dividual. That is, the spotlight is on what men tal capabilities are involving, what psychological factors play a role in the lear ning (9) ________________________________________________________________or acquisiti on, and whether the target Ian guage is lear nt in the classroom or acquired through social touch with n ative speakers. (10) ____________________________________________1.把of去掉。
(完整版)专八改错(2000年-2015年)真题及答案
2000 年-2015 年专八短文改错试题，参考答案以及答案分析2005年3月21日专业八级考试改错When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular showon ice by the mother of a friend. Looked round a the luxury of the 1. ______rink, my friend 's mother remarked on the “plush ”seats we had beengiven. I did not know what she meant, and being proud of my 2. ______ vocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context. “Plush”was clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation; that 3. ______much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context. So I 4. ______started to use the word. Yes, I replied, they certainly are plush, and so are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, aren't they? Myfriend 's mother was very polite to correct me, but I could tell from her 5. ______ expression that I had not got the word quite right.Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughlymeans, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both 6. new words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in our 7.own first language. But sometimes we need to ask, as I should haveasked for Plush, and this is particularly true in the 8.aspect of a foreign language. If you are continually surrounded by 9.speakers of the language you are learning, you can ask them directly,but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English.So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap. 10. _______1.looked 改成looking2. she 后面加had3. 去掉第二个a4. 去掉it5. polite 改成politely6. which 改成that7. specially 改成especially8. this 改成it9. continually 改成often10. m end 改成narrow2014 改错There is widespread consensusamong scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions (1) _____have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (2) _____l Is it possible to acquire an additional language in the same sense one acquires a first language? (3) _______________________________l What is the explanation for the fact adults have (4) _____more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?l What motivates people to acquire additional language?l What is the role of the language teaching in the (5) _____acquisition of additional languages?l What social-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying the learning of additionallanguages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (6) _____the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far have one thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiring of an additional language is that of anindividual attempts to do (7) ____________________________________so. Whether one labels it “learning ” or “ acquiring ” an additional language, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (8) ___________________focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of an individual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities are involving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (9) ____________________________________________or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in the classroom or acquiredthrough social touch with native speakers. (10) ________________________1. 把of 去掉。
专八改错答案
专八改错答案【篇一：2000-2015专八改错真题及答案】class=txt>2015年3月21日专业八级考试改错when i was in my early teens, i was taken to a spectacular showon ice by the mother of a friend. looked round a the luxury of the 1. ______ rink, my friend?s mother remarked on the “plush” seats we had beengiven. i did not know what she meant, and being proud of my 2. ______ vocabulary, i tried to infer its meaning from the context. “plush”was clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation; that 3. ______ much i could tell it from the tone of voice andthe context. so i 4. ______ started to use the word. yes, i replied, they certainly are plush, andso are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, aren?t they? myfriend?s mother was very polite to correct me, but i could tell from her 5. ______ expression that i had not got the wordquite right.often we can indeed infer from the context what a wordroughlymeans, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both 6. ______ new words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in our7. ______ own first language. but sometimes we need to ask, as i should haveasked for plush, and this is particularly true in the 8. ______ aspect of a foreign language. if you are continually surrounded by9. ______ speakers of the language you are learning, youcan ask them directly,but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of english.so dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap. 10.______2014改错there is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (sla) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s.there is a high level of agreement that the following questions (1) ______have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (2) ______l is it possible to acquire an additional language in thesame sense one acquires a first language? (3) ______l what is the explanation for the fact adults have (4) ______more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?l what motivates people to acquire additional language?l what is the role of the language teaching in the (5) ______acquisition of additional languages?l what social-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying thelearning of additional languages?from a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (6) ______the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of sla so far haveone thing in common: the perspective adopted to view the acquiringof an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (7) ______so. whether one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an additionallanguage, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (8) ______focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of anindividual. that is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities areinvolving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (9) ______or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in the classroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (10) ______2013 专八短文改错试题．psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processesinvolved in language. psycholinguistics study understanding,production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) _____listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language. one reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2) ______happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3)______indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page,(4) ______you normally cannot help but understand it. it is only in exceptionalcircumstances we might become aware of the complexity (5) ______involved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it;if a relative or colleague has had a stroke which has influenced (6) ______their language; if we observe a child acquire language; if(7)______we try to learn a second language ourselves as an adult; orif we are visually impaired or hearing-impaired or if we meetanyone else who is. as we shall see, all these examples(8)______of what might be called “language in exceptional circumstances”reveal a great deal about the processes evolved in speaking,(9) ______listening, writing and reading. but given that language processeswere normally so automatic, we also need to carry out careful (10) ______experiments to get at what is happening.2012年the central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. the argument has been going since at least the first (1) ______century b.c. up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writersfavoured certain kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2) _______sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _______the manner. this is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______wanted the truth to be read and understood. then in the turn of 19th(5) _______century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested thatthe linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible(7) _______gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as(8) _______literal as possible. this view culminated the statement of the (9) _______extreme “literalists” walter benjamin and vladimir nobokov.the argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, thenature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. toooften, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified witheach other. now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains.(10) _____2011年专八真题改错部分from a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, i knewthat when i grew i should be a writer. between the ages of about 1__________seventeen and twenty-four i tried to abandon this idea, but i did sowith the conscience that i was outraging my true nature and that 2___________soon or later i should have to settle down and write books.3___________i was the child of three, but there was a gap of five years4__________on either side, and i barely saw my father before i was eight. forthis and other reasons i was somewhat lonely, and i soon developeddisagreeing mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my 5_____________schooldays. i had the lonely childs habit of making up stories andholding conversations with imaginative persons, and i think from6_________the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of7________being isolated and undervalued. i knew that i had a facility with wordsand a power of facing in unpleasant facts, and i felt that this created 8________a sort of private world which i could get my own back for my failure 9________in everyday life. therefore, the volume of serious — i.e. seriously 10________intended — writing which i produced all through my childhood andboyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. i wrote my firstpoem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.2010年专八真题改错部分so far as we can tell, all human languages are equallycomplete and perfect as instruments of communication: that is,every language appears to be well equipped as any other to say 1________________ the things their speakers want to say. 2________________ there may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive 3________________ peoples or cultures, but that is another matter. certainly, not allgroups of people are equally competent in nuclear physics or psychology or the cultivation of rice . whereas this is not the 4_____________fault of their language. the eskimos , it is said, can speak aboutsnow with further more precision and subtlety than we canin5______________ english, but this is not because theeskimo language (one of thosesometimes miscalled primitive) is inherently more precise and subtle than english. this example does not come to light a defect 6______________in english, a show of unexpected primitiveness. the position is simply and obviously that the eskimos and the english live in similar 7____________environments. the english language will be just as rich in terms8____________for different kinds of snow, presumably, if the environments in whichenglishwas habitually used made such distinction as important. 9_____________similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the eskimo languagecould be as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufactureor cricket if these topics formed the part of the eskimos life.10____________2009the previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passesfrom one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference (1)___________between school lore and nursery lore. in nursery lore a verse,learnt in early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the (2)___________ little listener has grown up, and has children of their own, or even(3)____________ grandchildren. the period between learning a nursery rhyme andtransmitting it may be something from twenty to seventy years. with(4)_____________ the playground lore, therefore, a rhyme may be excitedly passed (5)___________ on within the very hour it is learnt; and in the general, it passes(6)_____________ between children of the same age, or nearly so, since it is uncommonfor the difference in age between playmates to be more than fiveyears. if ,therefore, a playground rhyme can be shown to have beencurrently for a hundred years, or even just for fifty, it follows that it (7)__________ has been retransmitted over and over; very possibly it has passed (8)___________ along a chain of two or three hundred young hearers and tellers, andthe wonder is that it remains live after so much handling, (9)____________ to let alone that it bears resemblance tothe(10)____________2008年专八真题短文改错the desire to use language as a sign of national identity is avery natural one, and in result language has played a prominent____1____part in national moves. men have often felt the need to cultivate____2____a given language to show that they are distinctive from another ____3____race whose hegemony they resent. at the time the united states ____4____split off from britain, for example, there were proposals thatindependence should be linguistically accepted by the use of a ____5____different language from those of britain. there was even one ____6____proposal that americans should adopt hebrew. others favouredthe adoption of greek, though, as one man put it, things would certainly be simpler for americans if they stuck on toenglish____7____and made the british learn greek. at the end, as everyone____8____knows, the two countries adopted the practical and satisfactorysolution of carrying with the same language as before.____9____since nearly two hundred years now, they have shown the world ____10____that political independence and national identity can be completewithout sacrificing the enormous mutual advantages of a commonlanguage.2007专八真题短文改错from what has been said, it must be clear that no one canmake very positive statements about how language originated. there is no material in any language today and in theearliest1__________records of ancient languages show us language in a new and 2__________emerging state. it is often said, of course, that the language3_________originated in cries of anger, fear, pain and pleasure, and the4__________necessary evidence is entirely lacking: there are no remotetribes, no ancient records, providing evidence ofa language with a large proportion of such cries5__________ than we find in english. it is true that the absenceof such evidence does not disprove the theory, but in6__________other grounds too the theory is not very attractive.people of all races and languages make rather similarnoises in return to pain or pleasure. the fact that7___________such noises are similar on the lips of frenchmenand malaysians whose languages are utterly different,serves to emphasize on the fundamental difference8___________between these noises and language proper. we maysay that the cries of pain or chortles of amusementare largely reflex actions, instinctive to large extent,9____________whereas language proper does not consist of signsbut of these that have to be learnt and that are 10___________ wholly conventional.2006专八短文改错we use language primarily as a means of communication with other human beings. each of us shares with the community in which welive a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conventions as 1_______to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a particular2_______message: the english speaker has in his disposal vocabulary and a 3_______set ofgrammatical rules which enables him to communicate his4_______thoughts and feelings, in a variety of styles, to the other english 5_______speakers. his vocabulary, in particular, both that which he uses active-ly and that which he recognises, increases in size as he grows old as a result of education and experience.6_________but, whether the language store is relatively small or large, the systemremains no more than a psychological reality for the individual, unlesshe has a means of expressing it in terms able to be seen by another 7_________member of his linguistic community; he bas to give the system aconcrete transmission form. we take it for granted the two most 8____________common forms of transmission-by means of sounds produced by ourvocal organs (speech) or by visual signs (writing). and these are9_____________among most striking of human achievements. 10____________2005年专八真题短文改错the university as businesa number of colleges and universities have announced steeptuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,very low rate of inflation. they say the increases are needed becauseof a loss in value of university endowments heavily investingin common 1 ________stock. i am skeptical. a business firm chooses the price that maximizesits net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the2 _________outlook of universities in the united states is indistinguishable from those of 3 ___________ business firms. the rise in tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty4__________increases the demand for education. the biggest cost of being【篇二：历年专八改错(2000年-2014年)真题及答案】>2014年英语专八改错真题答案there is widespread consensus among scholars that second languageacquisition (sla) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s toearly 1960s.there is a high level of agreement that the followingquestions( a 前面加also)have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area:(possessed 改为captured) is it possible to acquire an additional language in thesame sense one acquires a first language? (one前面加as )what is the explanation for the fact adults have (fact后面加that)more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?what motivates people to acquire additional languages?what is the role of the language teaching in the (language前面去掉the)acquisition of an additional language?what socio-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying the learning of additional languages?from a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all(去掉the)the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of sla so far haveone thing in common: the perspective adopted to view the acquiringof an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (attempts改为attempting) so. whether one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an additionallanguage, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (or 改为and) focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of anindividual. that is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities areinvolving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (involving改为involved) or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in theclassroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (touch改为contact) 2013英语专八改错真题答案psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processesinvolved in language. psycholinguistics study understanding, production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) _____listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language. one reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2) ______happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3)______indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page,(4) ______you normally cannot help but understand it. it is only in exceptionalcircumstances we might become aware of the complexity (5) ______involved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it;if a relative or colleague has had a stroke which has influenced (6) ______their language; if we observe a child acquire language; if(7)______we try to learn a second language ourselves as an adult; orif we are visually impaired or hearing-impaired or if we meetanyone else who is. as we shall see, all these examples(8)______of what might be called “language in exceptional circumstances”reveal a great deal about the processes evolved in speaking,(9) ______listening, writing and reading. but given that language processeswere normally so automatic, we also need to carry out careful (10) ______experiments to get at what is happening.1. production改成producing2. 去掉the3. 去掉accurately前面的so4. looking改为look5. we前面加that6. 去掉colleague后面的has7. their改成his8. anyone改成 pure老师someone9. evolved改成involved10. were改成are2012年专八真题改错部分 the central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. theargument has been going since at least the first (1) ______ century b.c. up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writersfavoured certa in kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2) _______ sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _______ the manner. this is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______wanted the truth to be read and understood. then in the turn of 19th(5) _______ century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested thatthe linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible(7) _______ gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as(8) _______ literal as possible. this view culminated the statement of the (9)_______extreme “literalists” walter benjamin and vladimir nobokov.the argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, thenature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. toooften, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified witheach other. now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains.(10) _____参考答案：1. going后加on2. certain改为a certain3. rather改为not4. is 改为was5. in 改为 at6. 去掉第二个the7. view后面加that8. 去掉 was9. culminated后面加in10. and 改为but2011年专八真题改错部分from a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, i knewthat when i grew i should be a writer. between the ages of about 1__________seventeen and twenty-four i tried to abandon this idea, but i did sowith the conscience that i was outraging my true nature and that 2___________soon or later i should have to settle down and write books.3___________i was the child of three, but there was a gap of five years4__________on either side, and i barely saw my father before i was eight. forthis and other reasons i was somewhat lonely, and i soon developeddisagreeing mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my 5_____________schooldays. i had the lonely childs habit of making up stories andholding conversations with imaginative persons, and i think from6_________the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of7________being isolated and undervalued. i knew that i had a facility with wordsand a power of facing in unpleasant facts, and i felt that this created 8________a sort of private world which i could get my own back for my failure 9________in everyday life. therefore, the volume of serious — i.e. seriously 10________intended — writing which i produced all through my childhood andboyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. i wrote my firstpoem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.1.在grow后加up, 考固定短语2. 改consience为consciousness考词语区别，consience翻译为“良心，道德心”, consiousness翻译为“意识”3.改soon为sooner，sooner or later是固定短语4. 在child前加middle, 考上下文理解。
大学专八英语考试改错练习题及答案
大学专八英语考试改错练习题及答案大学专八英语考试改错练习题及答案Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.以下是WTT为大家搜索整理的大学专八英语考试改错练习题及答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时____应届毕业生考试网!Demographic indicators show that Americans in the post war period were more eager than ever to establish families. They quickly brought down the age at marriage for both men and women and brought the birth rate to a twentieth century height __1__ after more than a hundred years of a steady decline, producing the “baby boom.” __2__These young adults established a trend of early marriage and relatively large families that went for more than two decades and caused a major but temporary __3__ reversal of long-term demographic patterns.From the 1940s through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high rate and at a younger age than their __4__Europe counterparts. __5__ Less noted but equally more significant, the men and women who formed __6__ families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced the divorce rate after a __7__ postwar peak; their marriages remained intact to a greater extent than did that of __8__ couples who married in earlier as well as later decades.Since the United States __9__ maintained its dubious distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world, the temporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent in Europe. __10__ Contrary to fears of the experts, the role of breadwinner and homemaker was not abandoned.参考答案及解析:1. 将height改为high/peak。
-专八改错真题及答案之欧阳历创编
2000 年-2015年专八短文改错试题2015年3月21日专业八级考试改错When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular showon ice by the mother of a friend. Looked round a the luxury of the 1.______rink, my friend’s mother remarked on the “plush”seats we had beengiven. I did not know what she meant, and being proud of my 2. ______vocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context. “Plush”was clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation; that 3.______much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context. So I 4.______started to use the word. Yes, I replied, theycertainly are plush, andso are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, aren’t they? Myfriend’s mother was very polite to correct me, but I could tell from her 5.______expression that I had not got the word quite right.Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughlymeans, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both 6.______new words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in our 7.______own first language. But sometimes we need to ask, as I should haveasked for Plush, and this is particularly true in the 8.______aspect of a foreign language. If you are continually surrounded by 9.______ speakers of the language you are learning, you can ask them directly,but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English.So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap.10.______2014改错There is widespread consensus among scholars thatsecond language acquisition (SLA) emerged as adistinct field of research from the late 1950s toearly 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that thefollowing questions (1) ______have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (2) ______l Is it possible to acquire an additionallanguage in thesame sense one acquires a first language? (3)______l What is the explanation for the fact adultshave (4) ______more difficulty in acquiring additionallanguages than children have?l What motivates people to acquire additional language?l What is the role of the language teaching inthe (5) ______acquisition of additional languages?l What social-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying thelearning of additional languages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (6) ______the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far haveone thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiringof an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (7) ______so. Whether one labels it “learning”or “acquiring” an additionallanguage, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (8) ______focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of anindividual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities areinvolving, what psychological factors play arole in the learning (9) ______or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in theclassroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (10) ______2013 专八短文改错试题．Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processesinvolved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding,production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) _____listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language.One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2) ______happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3) ______Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page, (4) ______you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptionalcircumstances we might become aware of the complexity (5) ______involved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it;if a relative or colleague has had a stroke which has influenced (6) ______their language; if we observe a child acquire language; if (7) ______we try to learn a second language ourselves as an adult; orif we are visually impaired or hearing-impaired or if we meetanyone else who is. As we shall see, all these examples (8) ______of what might be called “language in exceptional circumstances”reveal a great deal about the processes evolved in speaking, (9) ______listening, writing and reading. But given that language processeswere normally so automatic, we also need to carry out careful (10) ______experiments to get at what is happening.2012年The central problem of translating has alwaysbeen whether to translate literally or freely. Theargument has been going since at least the first (1) ______century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19th century,many writersfavoured certain kind of “free”translation: thespirit, not the letter; the (2) _______sense not the word; the message rather the form;the matter not (3) _______the manner. This is the often revolutionary sloganof writers who (4) _______wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then inthe turn of 19th (5) _______century, when the study of cultural anthropologysuggested thatthe linguistic barriers were insuperable and thatthe language (6) _______was entirely the product of culture, the viewtranslation was impossible (7) _______gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _______literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the (9) _______extreme “literalists”Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, thenature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Toooften, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified witheach other. Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains. (10) _____2011年专八真题改错部分From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knewthat when I grew I should be a writer. Between the ages of about 1__________seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did sowith the conscience that I was outraging my truenature and that 2___________soon or later I should have to settle down and write books. 3___________I was the child of three, but there was a gap of five years 4__________on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. Forthis and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developeddisagreeing mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my 5_____________schooldays. I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories andholding conversations with imaginative persons, and I think from 6_________the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of 7________being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with wordsand a power of facing in unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created 8________a sort of private world which I could get my ownback for my failure 9________in everyday life. Therefore, the volume of serious — i.e. seriously 10________intended —writing which I produced all through my childhood andboyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my firstpoem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.2010年专八真题改错部分So far as we can tell, all human languages are equallycomplete and perfect as instruments of communication: that is,every language appears to be well equipped as any other to say 1________________the things their speakers want to say.2________________There may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive 3________________peoples or cultures, but that is another matter.Certainly, not allgroups of people are equally competent in nuclear physics orpsychology or the cultivation of rice . Whereas this is not the 4_____________fault of their language. The Eskimos , it is said, can speak aboutsnow with further more precision and subtlety than we can in 5______________English, but this is not because the Eskimo language (one of thosesometimes miscalled 'primitive') is inherently more precise andsubtle than English. This example does not come to light a defect 6______________in English, a show of unexpected 'primitiveness'. The position issimply and obviously that the Eskimos and the English live in similar 7____________ environments. The English language will be just as rich in terms 8____________for different kinds of snow, presumably, if theenvironments in whichEnglishwas habitually used made such distinction as important. 9_____________ Similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo languagecould be as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufactureor cricket if these topics formed the part of the Eskimos' life. 10____________2009The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passesfrom one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference (1)___________ between school lore and nursery lore. In nursery lore a verse,learnt in early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the (2)___________little listener has grown up, and has children of their own, or even (3)____________ grandchildren. The period between learning a nursery rhyme andtransmitting it may be something from twenty to seventy years. With (4)_____________the playground lore, therefore, a rhyme may be excitedly passed (5)___________on within the very hour it is learnt; and in the general, it passes (6)_____________between children of the same age, or nearly so, since it is uncommonfor the difference in age between playmates to be more than fiveyears. If ,therefore, a playground rhyme can be shown to have beencurrently for a hundred years, or even just for fifty, it follows that it (7)__________has been retransmitted over and over; very possibly it has passed (8)___________along a chain of two or three hundred young hearers and tellers, andthe wonder is that it remains live after so much handling, (9)____________to let alone that it bears resemblance to the (10)____________2008年专八真题短文改错The desire to use language as a sign of national identity is a very natural one, and in result language has played a prominent ____1____ part in national moves. Men have often felt the need to cultivate ____2____ a given language to show that they are distinctive from another ____3____ race whose hegemony they resent. At the time the United States ____4____ split off from Britain, for example, there were proposals that independence should be linguistically accepted by the use of a ____5____ different language from those of Britain. There was even one ____6____ proposal that Americans should adopt Hebrew. Others favouredthe adoption of Greek, though, as one man put it, things wouldcertainly be simpler for Americans if they stuck on to English ____7____ and made the British learn Greek. At the end, as everyone ____8____ knows, the two countries adopted the practical and satisfactorysolution of carrying with the same language as before. ____9____ Since nearly two hundred years now, they have shown the world ____10____ that political independence and national identity can be complete without sacrificing the enormous mutual advantages of a common language.customer.20151.looked改成looking2.she后面加had3.去掉第二个a4.去掉it5.polite改成politely6.which改成that7.specially改成especially8.this改成it9.continually改成often10.mend改成narrow20141. 把of去掉。
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精品文档2000 年-2015 年专八短文改错试题日专业八级考试改错21年3月2015When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular show______ 1. on ice by the mother of a friend. Looked round a the luxury of therink, my friend's mother remarked on the “plush”seats we had been______ 2. given. I did not know what she meant, and being proud of my vocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context. “Plush”______ 3. was clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation; that ______ 4. much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context. So I started to use the word. Yes, I replied, they certainly are plush, andso are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, aren't they? My______ 5. friend's mother was very polite to correct me, but I could tell from her expression that I had not got the word quite right.Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughly______ 6. means, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both______ 7. new words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in ourown first language. But sometimes we need to ask, as I should have______ 8. asked for Plush, and this is particularly true in the______9. aspect of a foreign language. If you are continually surrounded by speakers of the language you are learning, you can ask them directly,but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English.______ 10. So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap.2014改错There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (SLA)emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions (1) ______have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (2) ______l Is it possible to acquire an additional language in thesame sense one acquires a first language? (3) ______l What is the explanation for the fact adults have (4) ______more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?l What motivates people to acquire additional language?l What is the role of the language teaching in the (5) ______acquisition of additional languages?l What social-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying thelearning of additional languages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (6) ______the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far haveone thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiringof an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (7) ______so. Whether one labels it “learning”or “acquiring”an additional language, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (8) ______focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of an精品文档．精品文档individual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities areinvolving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (9) ______or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in theclassroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (10) ______2013 专八短文改错试题．Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processesinvolved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding,production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) _____listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language.One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2) ______happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3) ______Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page, (4) ______you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptionalcircumstances we might become aware of the complexity (5) ______involved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it;if a relative or colleague has had a stroke which has influenced (6) ______their language; if we observe a child acquire language; if (7) ______we try to learn a second language ourselves as an adult; orif we are visually impaired or hearing-impaired or if we meetanyone else who is. As we shall see, all these examples (8) ______of what might be called “language in exceptional circumstances”reveal a great deal about the processes evolved in speaking, (9) ______listening, writing and reading. But given that language processeswere normally so automatic, we also need to carry out careful (10) ______ experiments to get at what is happening.2012年The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. The argumenthas been going since at least the first (1) ______th century, many writerscentury B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19favoured certain kind of “free”translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2) _______sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _______the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______th wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the turn of 19 (5) _______ century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested thatthe linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _______gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _______literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the (9) _______ extreme “literalists”Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, thenature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Toooften, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified witheach other. Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains. (10) _____精品文档．精品文档2011年专八真题改错部分From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knewthat when I grew I should be a writer. Between the ages of about 1__________ seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did sowith the conscience that I was outraging my true nature and that 2___________soon or later I should have to settle down and write books. 3___________I was the child of three, but there was a gap of five years 4__________on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. Forthis and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developeddisagreeing mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my 5_____________ schooldays. I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories andholding conversations with imaginative persons, and I think from 6_________the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of 7________being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with wordsand a power of facing in unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created 8________a sort of private world which I could get my own back for my failure 9________in everyday life. Therefore, the volume of serious —i.e. seriously 10________intended —writing which I produced all through my childhood andboyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my firstpoem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.2010年专八真题改错部分So far as we can tell, all human languages are equallycomplete and perfect as instruments of communication: that is,every language appears to be well equipped as any other to say 1________________the things their speakers want to say.2________________There may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive 3________________ peoples or cultures, but that is another matter. Certainly, not allgroups of people are equally competent in nuclear physics orpsychology or the cultivation of rice . Whereas this is not the 4_____________fault of their language. The Eskimos , it is said, can speak aboutsnow with further more precision and subtlety than we can in 5______________ English, but this is not because the Eskimo language (one of thosesometimes miscalled 'primitive') is inherently more precise andsubtle than English. This example does not come to light a defect 6______________in English, a show of unexpected 'primitiveness'. The position issimply and obviously that the Eskimos and the English live in similar 7____________ environments. The English language will be just as rich in terms 8____________for different kinds of snow, presumably, if the environments in whichEnglishwas habitually used made such distinction as important. 9_____________ Similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo languagecould be as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufactureor cricket if these topics formed the part of the Eskimos' life. 10____________2009The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passes精品文档．精品文档from one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference (1)___________ between school lore and nursery lore. In nursery lore a verse,learnt in early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the (2)___________ little listener has grown up, and has children of their own, or even (3)____________ grandchildren. The period between learning a nursery rhyme andtransmitting it may be something from twenty to seventy years. With (4)_____________ the playground lore, therefore, a rhyme may be excitedly passed (5)___________ on within the very hour it is learnt; and in the general, it passes(6)_____________between children of the same age, or nearly so, since it is uncommonfor the difference in age between playmates to be more than fiveyears. If ,therefore, a playground rhyme can be shown to have beencurrently for a hundred years, or even just for fifty, it follows that it (7)__________has been retransmitted over and over; very possibly it has passed (8)___________ along a chain of two or three hundred young hearers and tellers, andthe wonder is that it remains live after so much handling,(9)____________to let alone that it bears resemblance to the(10)____________2008年专八真题短文改错The desire to use language as a sign of national identity is avery natural one, and in result language has played a prominent ____1____part in national moves. Men have often felt the need to cultivate ____2____a given language to show that they are distinctive from another ____3____race whose hegemony they resent. At the time the United States ____4____ split off from Britain, for example, there were proposals thatindependence should be linguistically accepted by the use of a ____5____ different language from those of Britain. There was even one ____6____ proposal that Americans should adopt Hebrew. Others favouredthe adoption of Greek, though, as one man put it, things wouldcertainly be simpler for Americans if they stuck on to English ____7____ and made the British learn Greek. At the end, as everyone ____8____ knows, the two countries adopted the practical and satisfactorysolution of carrying with the same language as before. ____9____ Since nearly two hundred years now, they have shown the world ____10____that political independence and national identity can be completewithout sacrificing the enormous mutual advantages of a commonlanguage.customer.20151.looked改成looking2.she后面加had3.去掉第二个a4.去掉it精品文档．精品文档5.polite改成politely6.which改成that7.specially改成especially8.this改成it9.continually改成often10.mend改成narrow20141. 把of去掉。