大学英语四级新题型翻译练习(中译英)

1 红包

红包，又叫“压岁钱”，是用红色信封或纸包着钱的红纸包儿。红包，通常是用于中国农历新年或喜庆时馈赠的礼金。派:“红包”,是中国人过年的一种重要习俗。中国人喜爱红色，因为红色象征吉祥与好运，所以, 红包总是用红色的信封或纸来包。派红包或给压岁钱，是长辈们给未成年的晚辈。据说，压岁钱可以袪邪压祟，因为“岁”与“祟”谐音，晚辈得到压岁钱，就可以平平安安地度过一生。

Hong-Bao or Red Packet is also known as "a packet of lucky money", or simply "lucky money". Hong-Bao usually refers to a gift of money offered during the Chinese Lunar New Year and other celebrations/Giving or offering a Hong-Bao has been a traditional custom during the Chinese lunar New Year. Chinese people love the colour red as it is seen to represent good luck. A Hong-Bao is therefore usually made of red paper. Hong-Baos are normally given by seniors to the younger generation. It is said that lucky money helps drive away evil, because year and evil spirit sound alike. This means youngsters can protect themselves through the year.

2 北京

北京是有着三千多年建城史和八百五十多年建都史的历史文化名城。它荟萃伪(blend)由了元、明、清以来的中华文化，拥有众多名胜古迹和人文景观，是世界上拥有世界文化遗产(heritage sites)最多的城市。北京每年有超过一亿四千万的国内和国外旅客。北京城市面积为1.64万平方公里，常住人口约2000万。Beijing has a history of over three thousand years as a city, and over eight hundred and fifty years as a capital. It is a famous place that not only blends cultures of the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, but also boasts many historical, cultural and beautiful scenic places. In fact, Beijing now has more cultural heritage sites than any other city in the world. Each year, Beijing receives over 140 million visitors from China and abroad. Beijing covers some 16.4 thousand square kilometers and has a population of about 20 million.

3中国农历

相传在4000多年俞的夏朝，即中国历史上第一个奴隶制王朝就幵始有了历法(calendar)，后人把当时中国古老的传统历法叫“夏历”。夏历是按月亮的运赶周期(rotating cycle)制定的，故又称作“阴历”。由于夏历中有一年四季节气的变化和农事安排，所以后世又习惯称之为“农历”，字面上的意思是农事月相日历(moon calendar),也就是今天所说的“中国阴历”。

A ccording to legend, China's first slave dynasty in history — the Xia Dynasty dating back over 4000 years ago developed the first calendar. The ancient traditional Chinese calendar was later known as the "Xia Calendar". Since it was based on the rotating cycle of the moon, it is also known as the "Lunar Calendar". As the Xia revolves around farming arrangements based on the seasons, it is commonly called "Nong Li", literally the farming moon calendar, also known as the China Lunar Calendar.

4中国传统婚俗

中国传统婚俗源于中国几千年的文化积淀。古时候结婚时，新郎先要把新娘接回家，然后举行结婚仪式，俗称“拜天地”。“拜天地”时，一要先拜天地，二拜高堂，然后夫妻对拜，最后喝交杯酒。中国传统婚礼总爱以明亮的大红色来烘托喜庆、吉祥、热烈的气氛。吉祥、祝福、孝敬因此成为婚礼的主旨。婚礼中的每一项礼仪都渗透着中国人浓浓的传统哲学思想.

Traditional wedding customs originated from the Chinese traditions that go back thousands of years. In ancient times when a wedding ceremony was to be held, the groom would first go and bring the bride to his home before the marriage ceremony, colloquially known as "bowing to heaven and earth". When the ceremony begins, the couple is first supposed to bow to the heaven and earth, and then bow to their parents, and thirdly, they will bow to each other before they are supposed to drink the nuptial cup toast. The Chinese traditional weddings love to use bright red color to match the auspicious, warm and festive occasion. Blessing of good luck, happiness and filial piety have become the main theme of weddings. Every wedding tradition helps demonstrate the strong Chinese traditional philosophy.

5故宫

故宫，也就是今天的中国故宫博物院(the National Palace Museum of China), 位于北京市中心，天安门以北,又称紫禁城，曾是明清两代皇宫。故宫始建于明永乐四年，历经十八年建成。紫禁城曾是中国五个多世纪以来的最高权力中心，它以园林景观（landscape)和容纳了家具及工艺品的9000个房间的庞大建筑群，成为明清时代中国文明无价的历史见证。紫禁城宫城周围环绕着高10米、长3400米的宫墙，南、东、西、北有四个宫门，宫墙外有52米宽的护城河(moat)，独成体系。

Gu Gong, also the National Palace Museum of China today, is located in central Beijing. It is to the north of Tian'anmen and also known as the Forbidden City. It was the imperial palace for both the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The palace began to be built in the 4th year of Yongle period of Ming Dynasty and was completed after 18 years. The Forbidden City has been China's center of power for more than five centuries. With its landscape and massive architecture that includes its furniture and crafts and over 9,000 rooms, it is historical evidence of the priceless civilization of Ming and Qing Dynasties of China. Around the Forbidden City, there is a 10 meters tall and 3400 meters long palace wall, which opens on its south, east, west and north sides with four gates. Also surrounding the wall is a 52 meters wide moat that is an independent water system.

6文房四宝

文房四宝，是中国书画的主要工具和材料，它们是笔、墨、纸、砚，人们通常称它们为“文房四宝”，是说它们是文人书房中必备的四件宝贝。中国古代文人基本上都能书善画，是离不开笔墨纸砚这四件宝贝的。“文房”之名，起于我国历史上的南北朝时期，专指文人书房而言，以笔、墨、纸、砚为文房最常用。文房用具除四宝以外，还有笔筒、笔架、墨盒、笔洗、印泥、印章、印盒等等，也都是书房中的必备之品。

The Four Treasures of Chinese Study, i.e. brush, ink, rice paper and ink stone, are unique tools of Chinese painting and calligraphy. People refer them as "four treasures"