高一英语概要写作专项练习(一)

概要写作专项练习（一）
1.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

While many of us go to sleep before midnight, some teenagers choose to stay up much later. They are not driven by the burning desire to write a better essay or achieve a higher grade. Instead, they are busy playing online games. Known as young Internet addicts, they have long been a problem in China. A report released in 2016 by the China Youth Association for Network Development showed that there were over 24 million young Internet addicts among China’s young urban Internet users. The report also said that over 18 million youths had a tendency to develop Internet addiction.
To deal with the problem of Internet addiction among teenagers, the Cyberspace Administration of China has released draft regulations which carried out a ban on online gaming. If the regulations are adopted，under-18s would be banned from playing online games between midnight and 8 am.
As soon as the government’s draft l aw surfaced, it drew great attention from the public. Some applauded the law as a way to better protect minors (未成年人)，saying that too much overnight gaming is harmful to minors’health and believing the period between midnight and 8 am to be vital to human physical functions. However, others wondered whether it would be practical if it came into effect, as minors could just borrow their parents’IDs to register accounts to play online games. The Guangming Daily suggested that parents should help their teenagers find a balance between the cyber world and the real world.
China is by no means the only one trying to fight against teenager gaming addiction. Germany introduced a regulation in 2002 in an attempt to stop minors from playing online games from 10 pm to 6 am. Meanwhile，the UK，the US and Australia have forced a rating system on computer games to make sure that teenagers cannot access “adult” content such as violence，sex or bad language.
【答案】
Many teenagers in China have become addicted to overnight online games. Thus，the government released a draft law to solve the long-lasting issue. Some people welcomed the law because it is beneficial to the teenagers’ health，while others doubted whether it would be effective. Actually, many other countries have also been making laws against the youth online addiction.
2.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

A group of scientists led by Song Mingyang at the Massachusetts General Hospital analyzed data from two major studies involving more than 150,000 participants to determine whether people who consumed protein(蛋白质) from red and processed meats had a significantly higher death rate than those who got their protein from plants. The analysis of the 32­year Nurses’ Health Study, followed by the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study at Harvard University，didn’t just look at the diets of the participants over a year. It stared repeatedly—specifically how often they consumed portions of particular types of food during the previous years—every four years.
Song’s team found that a 10 percent increase generally in proteins from animals resulted in a 2 percent increase in death，and an 8 percent rise in death risk from heart disease. But a 3 percent increase in protein from plants led to a 10 percent decrease in death and a 12 percent drop in risk of death from cardiovascular-related (心血管相关的) death.
“The findings are clear,” said Song.“A research fellow at the hospital’s Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit concluded that plant-based proteins from sources such as beans，nuts，quinoa and seeds are a healthier choice than steaks or beef products such as hot dogs. I wouldn’t suggest that everyone switch to people not eating any animal products. That’s because certain meats—chicken and fish，for example—also result in a much lower death risk overall and from heart disease.”
“But the traditional American diet，popular with animal products such as burgers，
meatballs，meatloaf，steaks，eggs and dairy，is associated with a variety of bad outcomes, ” Song said. In some cases, it’s not just that meat is bad and plants are good. Processed meats are filled with potentially unhealthy additives (添加剂)．Song said he set about the study because while others have suggested healthy benefits from a plant-based diet, none looked at the source of protein. “We were able to link information over the years. The data from the two large, long-term studies provided a unique opportunity to look at long-term health outcomes, ” he said.
【答案】Some researchers surveyed many people for years to find whether protein from meat or plants brings a higher death rate to human. Researchers have found that protein from plants works better at reducing death rate. But a balanced amount of meat is also good at reducing death rate. Song’s study has stated the source of prote ins and figured out the benefits of animal products.
3.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Mount Fuji is a world-famous mountain in Japan. It is one of Japan’s “Three Holy Mountains” along with Mount Tate and Mount Haku.
Mount Fuji is 3,776 meters high，and its perfect beautiful shape can be seen from all around. Mount Fuji presents different faces in different seasons. In Japan，people describe the mountain as “Diamond Fuji” when it is at dawn or dusk and as “Red Fuji” when the mountain is lit by the early morning sun.
Mount Fuji is an important part of Japanese culture. The mountain has been the subject of numerous works of art. It has also been part of Japan’s ancient faiths.
Mount Fuji is one of the world’s classic examples of a strato volcano(层状火山), meaning that it is formed from many layers (层) of hardened lava (硬化熔岩) that has spread to produce a huge base. The last eruption (爆发) of Mount Fuji was in 1707.
There is a collection of hot springs and lakes nestled around Mount Fuji. The views over the springs are wonderful，with endless blue water，fresh green water plants and fish swimming lazily. You can soak (浸泡) in outdoor hot springs while admiring the view of Mount Fuji and have Japanese food，such as fresh sweet fish.
At the northern foot of the mountain, about 1,000 meters above sea level, is the Fuji Five Lake area. The shores of the lakes are decorated with seasonal flowers. The image of Mount Fuji reflected on a lake surface is called “Upside­Down Fuji” in Japan.
The Japanese used to believe that God lived on Mount Fuji. Japan’s highest mountain and highest volcano is closely woven (编织) into the country’s legends and art，and is drawing thousands of tourists.
【答案】The passage is about Mount Fuji, one of Japan’s “Three Holy Mountains”.It presents different faces in different seasons. It is one of the world’s classic examples of a strato volcano. Around it there is a collection of hot springs and lakes. Seasonal flowers make the shores of the lakes beautiful. It attracts thousands of tourists.
4.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

A million people will live on Mars within one hundred years. This is the brave expectation of Elon Musk，the founder of the space technology company Space X．“We need to fully focus on becoming a multi-planet civilization. That’s the next step,” he said in a recent interview with Aeon. Musk expects to see about 80,000 people living on Mars by 2040.
It’s all about protecting the human race from extinction，according to Musk. The Earth has always been a ticking (滴答作响的) time bomb. As the sun begins to die，it will grow bigger，becoming what is known as a Red Giant. In 500 million years，the sun will have become large enough to kill any plant and animal life on the Earth，according to US scientist Edward Guinan. In a billion years，the Earth will have become a hot planet with little or no water.
The brave dream of getting the human race to Mars is not only Musk’s；others have made plans，too. A Dutch company set up the Mars One Foundation，hoping to be the first project to put humans on Mars. It received over 200,000 applications to become part of the first group of astronauts to go there. According to Mars One，human settlement on Mars is possible with existing technologies.
Water，food，energy and oxygen are needed for life anywhere. According to Mars One，water that was still in the Martian soil would be boiled and taken out. By using a process called “electrolysis”，astronauts could turn water into hydrogen and oxygen for breathing. Astronauts on the international space station have already done similar things. Food can also be grown in space. Certain plants such as lettuces and onions can be grown using LED light for different color spectra(光谱) and much less heat. NASA has been reaching this to prepare for visiting Mars.
【答案】According to Elon Musk, many people will live on Mars in the near future. By doing so, human beings can avoid being ruined by the increasingly bigger sun. Luckily, the dream for human to settle on Mars is made possible. Continuous scientific research can make water, food, energy and oxygen available in space and on Mars.
5.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Computers have changed the way a business functions to a large extent. In the past, corporate houses rented spaces for running accounting departments.It took months together to figure out profit or loss that a business had made or suffered.However, computers have become the backbone of all businesses now. Today, computers are used beyond bookkeeping (记账) purposes too. Almost everything that happens in an organization is recorded, worked upon and evaluated with the help of computers.
Imagining our lives without computers is next to impossible. Computers were initially used only in workplaces. However, they soon became a household name, which
revolutionized everything from school homework to grocery shopping. When the Internet came into being，it caused a great change in the way we functioned. Over a period of time，computers enabled working from home, which created a new type of employment.This gave usage of computers, within the confines (界限) of homes，a new part.As technology progressed，simple things such as shopping，booking tickets，buying a new house，searching for schools and colleges, researching for projects and medical information became a lot easier with entry of computers in every household.
As an indispensable tool in our lives, computers have changed the way we think in more ways than one. Today, all you have to do about finding answers is just “Google it”! The online world of blogging, instant messaging, chatting and social networking not only leaves virtual traces, but unites the world in a completely unimagined way.This powerful medium is the great mode of mass communication which affects our thinking by providing people with a platform to voice their opinions and begin discussions that have brought about a change in the world.
Computers have pushed us to see different worlds and experience different cultures.The revolution in Egypt is the latest example of how computers changed the world. Today the identity of information technology is computers. Invention of this machine has changed the world’s perspective about cultures, economics, history and current affairs.The advent (到来) of computers has no doubt brought a revolutionary change in our existence.
【答案】Computers have brought great changes to our lives for the past few years.Firstly，computers have changed the traditional way that people do business greatly.Secondly, computers have become an important part of our lives and benefited us in many ways. Besides, computers have changed our way of thinking. More importantly, computers allow us to experience different cultures without leaving home. In conclusion, computers have been one of the greatest inventions.
6.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Punishing children is a controversial (争议的) topic. Everybody has different opinions about how to act to correct a child’s behavior. People have disagreements about whether it is good for a child’s education to punish him.
The word “punish” means different things to different peo ple. Punishment can be physical or emotional. Physical punishment is when the parent hits the child. On the other hand, emotional punishment is when the parent, in order to educate the child, doesn’t let him watch TV, go to play with his friends, or do things like that.
Although many surveys and studies have showed what the correct way is to raise a child，nobody has the answer or the truth. There is no such thing as agreed standard about raising a child, so I think it will be very difficult to get everyone to agree.
I think parents should love their child and give him or her the best education, but at the same time, they should punish the child properly if he or she deserves it. The parent’s goal is to have a good man or woman in society in the future, so sometimes you should do what is necessary to get your child to behave well.
【答案】People have mixed opinions towards punishment to children. There are mainly physical and emotional punishment. As a matter of fact, it is difficult to find the agreed standard to raise a child. Proper punishment can be instructive and necessary to children while love and education are the most important for us to make our kids behave well.
7.阅读下面短文，根据内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

While contact between adolescents (between the ages of fifteen and nineteen) and their peers (同龄人) is a universal characteristic of all cultures, the nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal. In American contemporary society, adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults.
This pattern of age segregation (隔离) in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society. Changes in the workplace separated children from adults, with adults working and children attending school. The dramatic increase of mothers
in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults.
School reform efforts during the nineteenth century, which resulted in age-segregated schools and grades, have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children.
Finally, the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture. From 1955 to 1975，the adolescent population increased dramatically, from 11 percent to 20.9 percent. This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size as well as in term s of its impact on society’s other cultures (adults, younger children)．
Research supports the view that adolescents spend a great deal of time with their peers. Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents’ daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity. In a typical week，high school students will spend twice as much time with their peers as with adults. This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence. In sixth grade, adults (excluding parents) account for only 25 percent of adolescent social networks. Another important characteristic of adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous (自治的) function. While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents，adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so.
【答案】Adolescent peer culture is a universal phenomenon and for American adolescents more time is spent with peers than with younger children or adults. Firstly, changes in workplace reduce the amount of time adolescents spend with their parents. School reforms also result in less time spent with younger children. Additionally, the increase in adolescent population is another contributing factor. A research shows adolescents’ gradual separation from adults starts in their early teens when they manage to escape adult supervision.
8.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

As a natural emotion that everyone experiences in life，anger is in many cases a perfectly healthy emotion. Anger can motivate (激发) people to make very positive changes in their lives. Sometimes we have to be angry at injustice (不公正), or even at nature,before we can do what needs to be done to correct wrongs or make things better. But of course, that is not what we usually think of anger.
Most people think of anger as an emotion we must keep under control. Parents tell a child to “get control” of himself when the child shows anger. Children are sometimes sent to their rooms or punished for expressing anger in an extreme way. We may be angry with friends or at work, but we know it is usually not suitable to show it. We have to control the anger or suffer what may be the negative consequences. Very early in life, we learn that anger is something that must be controlled. We learn this for a good reason. We know that uncontrolled anger can lead to fights, car accidents, bad relationships with others, unacceptable social behavior, and many other problems.
Many experts say that if one holds his anger in, it can even lead to severe mental and physical health problems. So what can we do to understand and calm this natural emotion that we call anger?
Experts offer many solutions to harmful anger. Some of these solutions include expressing your feelings and talking about what has caused the anger with someone you trust, avoiding a situation that causes anger, beating a pillow, exercising more and many other methods. Whatever solution one chooses, it is good to know that by trying to find the solution to the problem of anger, the first step in the right direction to solving the anger problem has been taken.
【答案】Anger, as a natural emotion，is good for us. It can inspire us to make positive changes in our lives. And most people agree that we must keep anger under control. However, experts think holding back anger is harmful to our health. Therefore, some solutions should
be taken to deal with anger. For example, we can talk with friends, beat a pillow or take some exercise.
9.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Getting up early has been regarded as a good habit since ancient times. Many years ago, people thought that if we went to bed early and got up early, we would be energetic the whole day. So, getting up early is of great importance to us all.
In fact，morning is the best time of a day. In the morning，the air is the freshest and people are usually in the best condition. Many of us may have the experiences that we memorize some things more quickly and correctly in the morning than any other time of the day. And it is certain that we find it easier to understand what we learn. If we get up early and do some morning exercises or only take a short walk in the morning, without doubt we can build up our bodies and become much healthier. Also we will have enough time to make a plan and get ready for our work or study of the day if we get up early. For example, if everyone in the family gets up early, wife will have enough time to prepare the breakfast for the whole family. Children will have enough time to catch the school bus, and husband will never forget to change his dirty shirt. Everything is in order. However, if we get up late, we’ll probably have to do everything in a hurry.
Let us remember getting up early is a good habit and try our best to keep it. Late risers may find it difficult to form the habit of getting up early. They have to make an effort to do so. If we stick to getting up early every day, we will certainly benefit a lot from it.
【答案】Getting up early in the morning is a good habit that will benefit us a lot. First，it helps us in our studies because in the morning we can remember things quickly and correctly. Second，we can become healthier and healthier by breathing fresh air and doing exercises early in the morning. Third，it enables us to make a better preparation for the day. Getting up early is a good habit and we should try our best to keep it.
10.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Online schools are becoming very popular today. Whether it is working professionals who cannot afford the time to go to a full-time college because of their huge workload or stay-at-home moms who have many duties and cannot join in a college, online schools are much enjoyed at all. And now, even regular students, who have the time to go to college, are going in for online education, as it leaves them with enough time to pursue (追求) other things, such as a part-time job or a hobby, along with studying. However, as with everything, there are both advantages and disadvantages to online schooling.
Let’s start with the positives. These schools cost much less. You don’t have to spend on buying books or traveling. Another advantage is flexibility it provides. You can study at any time during the day. You can study wherever you want—in your house, at a cafe or even in a park.
Moving on to the disadvantage of school online. Those students who always need a push from their teachers to do well, are very likely not to do well in online schools. And the greatest disadvantage of going to school online: there are many employers who prefer students with a traditional degree over those who have an online degree. The employers feel that students who go to full-time colleges are more knowledgeable compared to those who have online degrees. Since the very purpose of an education is to land a person a good job, online degrees, many a time, do not serve this purpose.
No doubt that online schools offer the freedom which no regular college can provide. However，how much the employers will value the degrees and whether a student can actually make his own study schedule and most importantly, stick to it, depends upon individual (个人) to individual. So in the end, it can be rightly said，online schools are good for some, while others should give them a skip.
【答案】Nowadays online schools are enjoying great popularity because of their low cost and the freedom regular schools can’t provide.However, online schooling has its own
disadvantages. It is likely that those who need others to press them to study won’t be have well in online schools. Besides, many employers don’t value online degrees.So online education is not suitable for everyone.。