高中英语写作基本句式

英语补弱之勇闯书面表达篇

河北省易县育英高级中学（074200）庞永升

英语书面表达是英语知识的综合运用；是基础知识升华。高考书面表达占30分，是分量较重的部分。因此掌握句式结构，准确翻译句子是基础。

（一）补习句式结构

下面以作文中经常出现的经典句式为例，对基本句型的运用作些说明，以提高书面表达能力。【句型1】主语+ 不及物动词（S+V）

【例句】

（1）I hesitated for a moment.

（2）The next day, we set off early in the morning.

练一练：

（1）为了赶上别人，你最好努力学习。To catch up with others, you’d better work harder.（2）事故是怎样发生的呢？How did the accident occur/happen?

（3）在刚刚过去的30年里，我们的生活发生了很大的变化。Our life has changed a lot in the past thirty years.

（4）她正沿着湖边走。She is walking along the lake.

【句型2】主语+ 系动词+ 表语（S+V+P）

常见的系动词有：be, seem, appear, become, go, get, grow, turn, look, sound, feel, taste, smell 【例句】

(１). As the saying goes, eyes are the window of our hearts.

众所周知的是，眼睛是心灵的窗户。

好处：谚语的使用增光添彩。

(2). Everyone is born equal.

每个人生来平等。

好处：意思表达准确。

练一练：

（1）那人看起来很善良。That man seems kind.

（2）我们以我们的朋友而自豪。We are proud of our friends.

【句型3】主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语

【例句】

(1). If your eyes are aching, doing some eye exercises can relieve your eye tiredness.

如果你的眼睛感到疼痛，做眼操可以缓解你的视力疲劳。

好处：动名词作主语引导从句。

(2).I believe after I fulfill these plans,1 will be able to lead a happy life in college.

我认为在我完成这些计划的时候，我将可以过上新的生活。

好处：lead a happy life，过上快乐的生活。

(3).I look forward to hearing from you.

我期待能收到你的消息。

好处：这个句子常用在信件的结尾，look forward to后面加分词或者名词。

(4). The striking differences between the two show rapid changes in people's life in China.

这两人着装上的巨大的差距，昭示了我国人民生活水平的巨大变化。

好处：striking修饰主语，表示强烈的语气。

练一练：

（1）我们欣赏着温暖的阳光和美丽的景色。we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful

view.

（2）年轻人喜欢听流行音乐。Young people enjoy listening to pop music.

【句型4】主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语+ 宾补

【例句】

（1）She wanted you to call her back as soon as you are home.

（2）Relying too much on mouse clicking makes us lazier and less creative both mentally and physically.

练一练：

（1）不幸的是，他们发现还钱有点难。Unfortunately they find it difficult to repay this money. （2）我们正在使我们的国家变得越来越漂亮。We are making our country more and more beautiful.

【句型5】There be 句型。表示某处有/存在/某物

be （must be/lives）

stands/exists/lies

There seems/happens to be +主语+状语

occurs/appears

【例句】

(1).Seeing her children flying happily in the sky, she feels very delighted.

看到孩子们在空中自由地翱翔，她感到很愉悦。

好处：现在分词作状语表示伴随状态。

(2). With the help of glasses, they can see the blackboard clearly.

在眼镜的辅助之下，他们才能将黑板看得更清楚。

好处：with引导状语表示伴随。

练一练：

（1）上个月以来这座博物馆前面常有小汽车被盗。There have often been stolen cars in front of the museum since last month.

（2）机器肯定是出故障了，因为它运转不正常。There must be something wrong with the machine, for it doesn’t run well.

（3）过去有一条小河环绕这个小村庄流过。There used to be a river around the small village. 【句型6】并列句：

【例句】

（1） A convenient tool can certainly make our work easier, but it doesn’t always help in a positive way.

（2）we can take part in some activities together and I can introduce you to others.

练一练：

（1）他脾气很好, 可是我还是不喜欢他。He is good-natured; still I don’t like him.

（2）她看上去很年轻, 可是她已三十多岁了。She looks very young, but she is already in her 30’s.

【句型7】状语从句

【例句】

(1). The hotel is located 500 meters far from the entrance of Baishan Moun-tain,a very convenient position to go sight-seeing in the Baishan Mountain.

宾馆在距离白山入口处500米的地方，这对于参观白山来说是一个很方便的位置。

好处：伴随状语的使用很到位。