翻译家及翻译理论部分 测试题
翻译岗位专业测试题及答案
翻译岗位专业测试题及答案一、词汇翻译（每题2分，共20分）1. 请将“全球化”翻译成英文。
答案：Globalization2. 将“可持续发展”翻译成英文。
答案：Sustainable Development3. “人工智能”用英文如何表达？答案：Artificial Intelligence4. “网络安全”的英文是什么？答案：Cybersecurity5. “国际贸易”如何翻译成英文？答案：International Trade6. “市场营销”的英文表达是什么？答案：Marketing7. “环境保护”用英文怎么说？答案：Environmental Protection8. “电子商务”翻译成英文是？答案：E-commerce9. “文化交流”的英文表达是什么？答案：Cultural Exchange10. “科技创新”如何翻译成英文？答案：Technological Innovation二、句子翻译（每题3分，共30分）1. 请将“我们的公司致力于为客户提供最优质的服务。
”翻译成英文。
答案：Our company is committed to providing the best quality service to our customers.2. “这个项目的成功依赖于团队的共同努力。
”翻译成英文。
答案：The success of this project depends on the jointefforts of the team.3. “我们的产品在市场上享有很高的声誉。
”用英文如何表达？答案：Our products enjoy a high reputation in the market.4. “持续改进是我们公司的核心价值之一。
”翻译成英文。
答案：Continuous improvement is one of the core values of our company.5. “请确保所有文件在会议开始前准备就绪。
翻译理论试题及答案
翻译理论试题及答案翻译作为一门学科，涉及广泛，其中的理论内容是学习者们必须掌握的基础知识。
下面将为大家提供一些常见的翻译理论试题及其答案，希望对大家的学习有所帮助。
试题一：解释下列术语：源语、目的语、等效、文化转换、信达雅。
答案：- 源语（Source Language）：指待翻译的原始语言，即需要从中翻译出来的语言。
- 目的语（Target Language）：指翻译的目标语言，即需要将源语翻译成的语言。
- 等效（Equivalence）：翻译中的一个重要原则，指源语和目的语相互对等的关系，即通过翻译使得目的语的表达效果与源语相近。
- 文化转换（Cultural Turnover）：翻译过程中需要进行的一种转换，指将源语中的文化元素转化为目的语中的相应文化元素，以确保翻译的准确性和流畅性。
- 信达雅（Faithfulness, Expressiveness, and Elegance）：翻译的基本要求，即翻译要忠实于源语，表达得准确、清晰，并具有一定的文学美感。
试题二：请解释直译与意译的区别，并分别举例说明。
答案：- 直译（Literal Translation）：指将源语的字面意思翻译成目的语的过程，忠实于原文文字表达，不注重意思的转换。
例如，将英文句子"I am hungry"直译为汉语"我饿了"。
- 意译（Free Translation）：指在翻译过程中根据语境、文化等因素进行意思转换的过程，注重传达信息和意义。
例如，将英文句子"Break a leg"意译为汉语"祝你好运"。
试题三：简要解释语际翻译和语内翻译的概念，并分别阐述其应用场景。
答案：- 语际翻译（Interlingual Translation）：指将一种语言翻译为另一种完全不同的语言的过程，涉及到不同语言系统之间的转换。
这种翻译常用于国际交流、翻译出版等领域。
翻译理论与实践考试试卷
翻译理论与实践考试试卷I. Alternative Choice: 15 %1. There is a lot of luck in drilling for oil。
The drill may just miss the oil although it is near。
译文A：石油钻探很大程度上要靠运气。
哪怕钻机打到石油边上,也可能找不到石油.译文B:钻探石油有很大的运气，即使钻机就在附近也有可能错过石油.2．I have no manners whatsoever. If I feel like it，I eat with my fingers, or out of a can，or standing up---in other words, whichever is easiest。
译文A：事实上我没有任何规矩,如果我觉得喜欢，我就用手指吃，或用罐头吃,或站着吃—-换句话说，看那种吃法最容易。
译文B：我实在是一点规矩也没有。
只要觉得合适，我可用手抓着吃,直接拿着罐头吃，或是站着吃：反正怎么省事就怎么吃。
3。
过去的一年．全国人民团结奋斗，开拓进取，社会主义现代化事业取得重大成就。
译文A：In the past，the Chinese people worked hard with a united and pioneering spirit，achieving great success in the drive for socialist modernization。
译文B：In the last year，the Chinese people united and worked hard, pioneered and forged ahead, and made great achievements in the cause of China’s socialist modernization。
翻译期末考试试卷和答案
翻译期末考试试卷和答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 翻译理论中，通常认为翻译是一种______。
A. 语言转换B. 文化交流C. 信息传递D. 艺术创作答案：A2. 在翻译过程中，译者需要关注原文的______。
A. 语法结构B. 词汇选择C. 语境意义D. 以上都是答案：D3. 直译和意译是翻译中的两种基本方法，其中直译更侧重于______。
A. 忠实原文B. 传达原文风格C. 传达原文信息D. 适应目标语言习惯答案：A4. 翻译中的“信、达、雅”是哪位翻译家提出的？A. 严复B. 林语堂C. 傅雷D. 鲁迅答案：A5. 在翻译中，如何处理文化差异是一个重要的问题。
以下哪项不是处理文化差异的方法？A. 归化B. 异化C. 直译D. 增译答案：C6. 翻译中，对于专业术语的处理应该遵循______。
A. 直译B. 意译C. 音译D. 以上都不是答案：D7. 翻译中的“等效”概念是由哪位学者提出的？A. 尤金·奈达B. 彼得·纽马克C. 奈特·巴斯内特D. 詹姆斯·霍姆斯答案：A8. 在翻译实践中，译者需要考虑目标读者的______。
A. 语言习惯B. 文化背景C. 阅读偏好D. 以上都是答案：D9. 翻译中的“忠实”原则主要是指忠实于______。
A. 原文作者B. 原文内容C. 原文形式D. 原文风格答案：B10. 翻译中的“流畅性”主要是指译文的______。
A. 语言自然B. 信息完整C. 风格一致D. 结构清晰答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. 翻译是一种跨文化的______活动。
答案：交际12. 翻译的三大标准是信、达、______。
答案：雅13. 翻译中的“直译”是指尽可能保持原文的______和结构。
答案：语言14. 翻译中的“意译”是指在传达原文______的基础上，对原文进行适当的调整。
答案：信息15. 翻译中的“增译”是指在不改变原文______的前提下，增加一些内容以使译文更加流畅。
翻译理论与技巧(A)试题集及答案
翻译理论与技巧(A)试题集及答案work Information Technology Company.2020YEAR翻译理论与技巧(A)试题集及答案(红色为自己所出题)一 Fill in the blanks.1.According to sociosemiotic theories, meaning consists of three aspects:_________, ___________ and ____________ .2.As far as communicative function is concerned, English sentences can beclassified into four types: ____________ , ___________ , _____________ and___________ .3.Professor Xu Yuanzhong ever proposed that literary translation shouldconform to the principle of “____________, __________ and ___________”.4.The basic procedures of translation are made up of three steps: __________,___________ and ___________ .5.Peter Newmark divided the function of language into six kinds, among whichthe most important four functions are ____________, ___________ ,__________ and ___________ .6.“Literal translation” is based on -language-oriented principle, while“liberal translation” is based on -language-oriented principle.7.Translators often abide by -oriented principle when they translateliterary works8.When we see th e sun, we often think of hope. It’s the meaning of thesun we in fact think of.9.Yan Fu’s standard for good translation is , and .10.According to Peter Newmark, the expression “How do you do” performs___________ function.11.We should analyze , and before we really put somethinginto the target language.12.According to the structure, English sentences can be classified intosentences, ___________ sentences, sentences and sentences.13.The three principles for translation advocated by Alexander Fraser Tytler are:①②③14.The sentence “The earth goes around the sun” performs the function oflanguage.15.When we hear somebody speaks ungrammatically, we know that he is notwell-educated. Here the language carries the meaning.16.According to the different signs that translation deals with, translation can beclassified into , , .17.Translation can be regarded as a , a or a .18.According to different topics, translation can be classified into translation,translation and translation.二 Translating the following sentences into Chinese.1Their host carved, poured, served, cut bread, talked, laughed, proposed healths.2The crafty enemy was ready to launch a new attack while holding out the olive branch.3Her dark eyes made little reflected stars. She was looking at him as she was always looking at him when he awakened.4The pictures that linger in his mind, called up in a moment by such sensations as the smell of roses or of new-mown hay, are of a simpler nature.5 It’s not easy to become a member of that club—they want people who haveplenty of money to spend, not just every Tom , Dick, and Harry.6 The door was unlocked. She went inside and sat in a stupor. She was nearcollapse, barely able to move her swollen feet.7 But my mother had not passed this way for years. And the slimness and thestride were long past, too.8 I was limp as a dish rag. My back felt as though it had been beaten with wires.9 As you know, we operate in a highly competitive market in which we havebeen forced to cut our prices to the minimum.10 I sat with his wife in their living room, looking out the glass doors to thebackyards, and there was Allen’s pool, still covered wi th black plastic that hadbeen stretched across it for winter.11 Time did not spoil the beauty of the walls, nor the palace itself, lying like ajewel in the hollow of a hand.12It is obvious that this was merely a case of robbing Peter to pay Paul. There was no real clearing up of the outstanding debt.13He doubtlessly expected hugs, tablefuls of food, tears, laughter, and conversation followed by more conversation, then hugs and more hugs allover again, without end.14There is nothing more disappointing to a hostess who has gone to a lot of trouble or expanse than to have her guest so interested in talking politics orbusiness with her husband that he fails to notice the flavour of the coffee,the lightness of the cake, or the attractiveness of the house, which may beher chief interest and pride.15English prose is elaborate rather than simple. It was not always so.16When I go around on speaking engagements, they all expect me to assumea Quaker-Oats look.17The door was unlocked. She went inside and sat in a stupor. She was near collapse, barely able to move her swollen feet.18“It is true that the enemey won the battle, but theirs is but a Pyrrhic victory.”said the General.19 A dirty-yellow sky had threatened rain all day and a hollow stillness hungover the valley.20I pulled up a chair and sat down. I sat with my legs wide apart at first. But this struck me as being irreverent and too familiar. So I put my kneestogether and let my hands rest loosely on them.21One day, while out on the bleak moors, Pip is startled by a hulking, menacing man who threatens him if he does not bring him some food immediately.22Hygeia herself would have fallen sick under such a regimen; and how much more this poor old nervous victim?23Our Band-Aid approach to economic development must be changed.24It would have been only courteous to kneel at the proper time, as all did, since I had voluntarily come to the church.25It develops an argument; it cites instances; it reaches a conclusion.26Father’s attitude toward anybody who wasn’t his kind used to puzzle me.27Several blocks from the park, running parallel to it, Clement Street bustles like a second Chinatown with dozens of ethnic restaurants.28We know that a cat, whose eyes can take in many more rays of light than our eyes, can see clearly in the night.29She stopped listening. She felt as though she had been slapped to the extreme outer edge of life, into a cold darkness.30Nancy Reagan, and not George Gallup, may well have the final say.31Mr. Kingsley and his Red Brick boys will have to look to their laurels.32The hungry boy was wolfing down his dinner.33I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of the skin but by the content of their character.34The importance of oceanography as a key to the understanding of our planet is seldom as well appreciated.35I pulled up a chair and sat down. I sat with my legs wide apart at first. But this struck me as being irreverent and too familiar. So I put my knees together and let my hands rest loosely on them.36There is a mixture of the tiger and ape in the character of the imperialists. 37 A country that wishes to become a member of WTO is to send in itsapplication before a working party is formed by WTO for examination of the specific conditions of the country.38When prices range from $34,500 to $50,000 per car, evidence that these machines are more than a cut above the rest is essential.39One of the most heartwarming aspects of people who are born with a facial disfigurement, whether minor or major, is the number of them who do not allow it to upset their lives, even reaching out to help others with the same problem.40The heavily laden infantry, though enjoying a superiority of six-to-one, simply could not keep to schedule and lost 60000 men in one day.41I have a cake in the oven that I was making for the Senora’s dinner.42The world is scraping bottom in the deepest economic slump in a half-century.43Now, dear, hurry home and make yourself pretty in your pink dress.44Military strategy may bear some similarity to the chessboard but it is dangerous to carry the analogy too far.45Studies show that otherwise rational people act irrationally when forced to stand in line or wait in crowds, even becoming violent.46Prolonged high unemployment will threaten the current leadership in other capitals as well, and it could ignite violent upheavals in some of the most hard-pressed land.47Many advocated strong action to bring the Prime Minister into line.48He cannot wholly detach himself from the technicalities and personal inconveniences which accompany the battle for intelligence.49I will not have it said that I could never teach my daughter proper respect for her elders.50Although the recession has reached every corner of the planet, the impact is uneven.51I think lawyers mistakenly believe complex language enhances the mystique of the law.52Not long ago, a foreign visitor whose English is extremely good told me of his embarrassment in a tea shop.53Meanwhile individual schools are moving on their own to redress the imbalance between teaching and research.54We have created a faculty of scholars frequently so narrow in their studies and specialized in their scholarship they are simply incapable of teaching introductory courses.55Then the players find out the lottery is not particularly good bet and they find other forms of gambling.56The English language is in very good shape. It is changing in its own undiscoverable way, but it is not going rotten like a plum dropping off a tree.57There has always been a close cultural link, or tie between Britain and English-speaking America, not only in literature but also in the popular arts, especially music.58We must just make the best of things as they come along.59But once I made the decision, I went at it with all flags flying.60 Autumn’s mellow ha nd was upon the woods, as they owned already, touchedwith gold and red and olive.三 Translate the following passage into Chinese.1Be very wary of opinions that flatter your self-esteem. Both men and women, nine times out of ten, are firmly convinced of the superior excellence of theirown sex. There is abundant evidence on both sides. If you are a man, you can point out that most poets and men of science are male; if you are a woman,you can retort that so are most criminals. The question is inherently insoluble, but self-esteem conceals this from most people. We are all, whatever part ofthe world we come from, persuaded that our own nation is superior to allothers. Seeing that each nation has its characteristic merits and demerits, weadjust our standard of values so as to make out that the merits possessed by our nation are the really important ones, while its demerits are comparatively trivial. Here, again, the rational man will admit that the question is one to which there is no demonstrably right answer. It is more difficult to deal with the self-esteem of man as man, because we cannot argue out the matterwith some non-human mind. The only way I know of dealing with this general human conceit is to remind ourselves that man is a brief episode in the life ofa small planet in a little corner of the universe, and that for aught we know,other parts of the cosmos may contain beings as superior to ourselves as we are to jelly-fish.2 Reading is fun, not because the writer is telling you something, but becauseit makes your mind work. Your own imagination works along with theauthor’s or even goes beyond his. Your experience, compared with his, brings you to the same or different conclusions, and your ideas develop as youunderstand his.Every book stands by itself, like a one-family house, but books in a library are like houses in a city. Although they are separate, together they all add up to something; they are connected with each other and with other cities. The same ideas, or related ones, turn up in different places; the human problems that repeat themselves in life repeat themselves in literature, but with different solutions according to different writings at different times.Reading can only be fun if you expect it to be. If you concentrate on books somebody tells you “ought ” to read, you probably won’t have fun. But if you put down a book you don’t like and try another till you find one that means something to you, and then relax with it, you will almost certainly have a good time—and if you become as a result of reading, better, wiser, kinder, or more gentle, you won’t have suffered during the process.3 It is well that the commonest fruit should be also the best. Of the virtues ofthe orange I have not room fully to speak. It has properties of health giving, as that it cures influenza and establishes the complexion. It is clean, forwhoever handles it on its way to your table, but handles its outer covering, its top coat, which is left in the hall. It is round, and forms an excellentsubstitute with the young for a cricket ball. The pip can be flicked at yourenemies, and quite a small piece of peel makes a slide for an old gentleman.But all this would count nothing had not the orange such delightful qualities of taste. I dare not let myself go upon this subject. I am a slave to its sweetness. I grudge every marriage in that it means a fresh supply of orange blossom, the promise of so much golden fruit cut short. However, the world must go on.With the orange we do live year in and year out. That speaks well for theorange. The fact is that there is an honeaty about the orange which appeals to all of us. If it is going to be bad—for the best of us are bad sometimes—it begins to be bad from the outside, not from the inside. How many a pearwhich presents a blooming face to the world is rotten at the core. Howmany an innocent-looking apple is harbouring a worm in the bud. But theorange has no secret faults. Its outside is a mirror of its inside, and if you are quick you can tell the shopman so before he slips it into the bag.4 It is odd to watch with what feverish ardor the Americans pursue prosperityand how they are ever tormented by the shadowy suspicion that they may not have chosen the shortest route to get it.Americans cleave to the things of this world as if assured that they will never die, and yet are in such a rush to snatch any that come within their reach, as if expecting to stop living before they have relished them. They clutch everything but hold nothing fast, and so lose grip as they hurry after some new delight.An American will build a house in which to pass his old age and sell it before the roof is on; he will plant a garden and rent it just as the trees are coming into bearing; he will clear a field and leave others to reap the harvest;he will take up a profession and leave it, settle in one place and soon go off elsewhere with his changing desires. If his private business allows him amoment’s relaxation, he will plunge at once into the whirlpool of politics.Then, if at the end of a year crammed with work he has a little spare leisure, his restless curiosity goes with him traveling up and down the vastterritories of the United States. Thus he will travel five hundred miles in afew days as a distraction from his happiness.Death steps is in the end and stops him before he has grown tired of this futile pursuit of that complete felicity which always escapes him.5 Through all of our history we have pondered the stars and mused whetherhumanity is unique or if, somewhere else in the dark of the night sky, there are other beings who contemplate and wonder as we do, fellow thinkers in the cosmos. Such beings might view themselves and the universe differently.There might be very exotic biologies and technologies and societies. In a cosmic setting vast and old beyond ordinary human understanding, we are a little lonely, and we ponder the ultimate significance, if any, of our tiny but exquisite blue planet. The search for extraterrestrial intelligence is the search for generally acceptable cosmic context for the human species. In the deepest sense, the search for extraterrestrial intelligence is a search for ourselves. Along with the growing dedication to a serious search, a slightly negative note has merged which is nevertheless very interesting. A few scientists have lately asked a curious question: if extraterrestrial intelligence is abundant, why have we not already seen its manifestations?6 A real woman, by my definition, neither despises nor worships men, but isproud not to have been born a man, does everything she can to avoidthinking or acting like one, knows the full extent of her powers, and feels free to reject all arbitrary man-made obligations. She is her own oracle of rightand wrong, firmly believing in her five sound senses and intuitive sixth. Oncea real woman has been warned by her nose that those apples are tasteless orassured by her finger-tips that this material is shoddy, no salesman in theworld can persuade her to the contrary. Nor, once she has met some personage in private and summed him up with a single keen glance as weak, vain or crooked, will his mounting public reputation convince her otherwise. She takes pleasure in the company of simple, happy, undemanding women; but seldom or never finds a friend worthy of her full confidence.翻译理论与技巧（A）答案一 1 designative meaning or referential meaning, linguistic meaning and pragmatic meaning2 declarative sentences, interrogative sentences, imperative sentences and exclamatory sentences3beauty of meaning, beauty of sound and beauty of form4comprehension, expression and testing5informative function, expressive function, vocative function and aesthetic function6source, target7Aesthetics8Associative9Faithfulness, Expressiveness, Elegance10phatic11Grammar, meaning and structure.12Simple, compound, complex, compound complex131) A translation should give a complete transcript of the idea of the original work; 2) The style and manner of writing should be of the same character as that of the original; 3) A translation should have all the ease of the original composition.14informative15indexical meaning.16Intralingual translation, interlingual translation, intersemiotic translation17science, art, skill(craft)18professional translation, literary translation, general translation二 1他们的主人，又是割啊，又是倒啊，又是上菜啊，又是切面包啊，又是说啊，又是笑啊，又是敬酒啊，忙个不停。
翻译理论练习题
翻译理论练习题西方译论简介西塞罗：“我不是作为解释员而是作为演说家进行翻译的，不是字当句对，而是保留语言的总的风格和力量。
”泰特勒的“翻译三原则”： 1) 译文应完全传达原作的思想； 2）译文的风格与笔调应与原作属于同一性质；3）译文应具有原作的流畅性。
费道罗夫的等值翻译思想： 1）与原文作用相符（表达方面的等值）； 2) 译者所选用的语言材料的等值（语言和文体的等值）奈达的翻译思想：所谓翻译，是指用一种语言中的语言符号解释另一种语言中的语言符号；是指从语义和文体风格上采用最接近而又最自然的同义语再现原文的信息。
他主张把翻译的重点放在译文读者的反应上。
他认为判断译作是否翻译得正确，必须以译文的服务对象为衡量标准。
“衡量翻译质量的标准，不仅仅在于所译的词语能否被理解，句子是否合乎语法规范，而在于整个译文使读者产生什么样的反应。
”英国翻译理论家：纽马克（Peter Newmark)他提出真正的翻译应该充分体现作者的意图。
译者应忠实于原文读者和译文，并根据原文所使用的语言种类来确定原文读者群的特点，从而确定给予目的语读者多少注意力。
西方翻译理译理论练习题1. It is _______ that wrote Essay on the Principles of Translation in 1790.A. F. TylerB. Charles R. TaberC. Saint JeromeD. Eugene A. Nida2. According to The Art of Translation by Theodore Savory, faced with a passage in its original language, a translator must ask himself some questions except: A. What does the author say? B. What does he mean? C. How does he say it? D. Why does he say it? 3. The Art of Translation is written by _______. A. Theodore Savory B. George Steiner C. Eugene A. Nida D. Charles R. Taber4. Several thousand years ago, _______ did not think it necessary to translate word for word, and he preserved the general style and force of the language. A. Cicero B. Saint Jerome C. John SteinbeckD. Theodore Savory5. All of the following ideas are Cicero’s, except ________. A.It wasn’t necessary to translate word for word.B.He preserved the general style and force of the language.C.It wasn’t his duty to count out words to the re ader like coins, but rather ti pay them out by weight as it were.D.He aimed at translating sense, not words.6. A. F. Tytler thought the principles of translation included all the following except _______. A. the translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work. B. It is necessary to translate word for word. C. The style and manner of writing should be of the same character with that of the original. D. The translation should have all the ease of original composition.7. “______” is the idea of Saint Jerome. A.It isn’t necessary to translate word for word. B.I have always aimed at translating sense, not words. C.The translation should have all the ease of original composition. D.The style and manner of writing should be of the same character with that of the original.8. ________ is correct. A.Saint Jerome said that he had always aimed at translating sense, not words. B.Saint Jerome said that it was necessary to translate word for word. C.Saint Jerome said that it wasn’t his duty to count out words to the reader like coins, but rather to pay them out by weight as it were. D.ASaint Jerome said that he preserved the general style and force of the language when he was translating.9. ________ describes a good translation to be, that, in which the merit of the original work is so completely transfused into another language, as to be as distinctly apprehended, and as strongly felt, by a native of the country to which that language belongs, as it is by those who speak the language of the original work. A. Cicero B. Saint Jerome C. A. F. Tylter D. Charles R. Taber 10. 句法上下文是指——————。
翻译家及翻译理论部分 测试题
翻译家及翻译理论0204(二) 本部分共有5小题，在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，选择最佳答案完成句子。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
（10分）11.“凡是翻译，必须兼顾着两面，一当然力求其易解，一则保存着原作的丰姿。
”这是_______提出的。
A.鲁迅B.瞿秋白C.茅盾D.郭沫若12.杨宪益说：“译者应尽量忠实于原文的形象，既不要夸张，也不要夹带任何别的东西”。
他针对的是______。
A.任何一种翻译B.文学翻译C.诗歌翻译D.汉英翻译13.“上下文在解决语言单位的多义性问题上起着最重要的作用。
”这是______的论述。
A.林纾B.巴尔胡达罗夫C.泰特勒D.费多罗夫14.王力先生指出，中国语里多用意合法，______。
A.因此连词用得较多B.因为主从结构用得较多C.联结成分并非必需D.联结成分十分需要15.汉语有很多四字成语，译成英语时，译文______。
A.一定要保持原文的形象B.一定要脱离原文的形象C.一定要符合原文的意思D.一定要在英语中找到对应的成语02076.汉语语法单位的组合多用_______，连接成分并非必要。
A.意合法B.形合法C.意合法和形合法D.省略法7.在被动结构方面_______A.英语被动句用得少，汉语被动式用得多。
B.英语被动句用得多，汉语被动式用得少。
C.英语多用主动来表示被动。
D.英语和汉语被动句用的都很多。
8._______主张，在翻译过程中“与其失神韵而留形貌”还不如“形貌上有些差别而保留了神韵”。
A.郭沫若B.杨宪益C.茅盾D.钱钟书9.1954年_______在全国文学翻译工作会议上讲话，指出“翻译是一种创造性的工作，好的翻译等于创作，甚至还可能超过创作”。
A.郭沫若B.钱钟书C.茅盾D.杨宪益10._______ thought in translating one should aim at “translating sense,not words".A. Saint JeromeB. CiceroC. TytlerD. Nida030411．“重神似不重形似”，这是的主张。
翻译学考试题
翻译学考试题一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 翻译学研究的核心对象是什么？A. 语言学B. 文化学C. 翻译活动D. 交际学2. 翻译学中“等效性”的概念最早由哪位学者提出？A. 奈达B. 纽马克C. 贝克D. 巴斯内特3. 以下哪位学者提出了“交际翻译”和“语义翻译”的区分？A. 奈达B. 纽马克C. 贝克D. 巴斯内特4. 翻译中的“忠实性”原则主要强调的是：A. 形式的忠实B. 内容的忠实C. 风格的忠实D. 读者的忠实5. 翻译学中的“文化适应性”主要涉及哪些方面？A. 语言的适应B. 文化的适应C. 社会的适应D. 以上都是6. 翻译活动中的“创造性叛逆”是指：A. 完全按照原文翻译B. 在忠实原文的基础上进行创新C. 完全背离原文D. 只翻译原文的部分内容7. 翻译批评中“目的论”的提出者是：A. 奈达B. 纽马克C. 贝克D. 巴斯内特8. 翻译中的“动态对等”是由哪位学者提出的？A. 奈达B. 纽马克C. 贝克D. 巴斯内特9. 翻译学中的“功能主义”理论主要强调的是：A. 翻译的文学价值B. 翻译的交际功能C. 翻译的美学价值D. 翻译的教育功能10. 翻译学研究中“文化过滤”现象主要指的是：A. 翻译过程中对文化差异的忽视B. 翻译过程中对文化差异的过度强调C. 翻译过程中对源语言文化的筛选和调整D. 翻译过程中对目标语言文化的筛选和调整二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 翻译学是一门研究_________的学科。
2. 翻译的过程可以看作是_________和_________的转换过程。
3. 翻译的“忠实性”原则要求翻译者在翻译时既要忠实于原文的_________，也要忠实于原文的_________。
4. 翻译学中的“文化适应性”要求翻译者在翻译时考虑目标语言文化的_________和_________。
5. 翻译批评中的“目的论”强调翻译活动应该以_________为导向。
翻译考试题目和答案大全
翻译考试题目和答案大全一、选择题1. 翻译下列句子：“The sun rises in the east.”的正确翻译是：A. 太阳从西边升起。
B. 太阳从东边升起。
C. 月亮从东边升起。
D. 太阳从南边升起。
答案：B2. 将“Good morning, how are you?”翻译成中文是：A. 早上好，你好吗？B. 下午好，你好吗？C. 晚上好，你好吗？D. 晚安，你好吗？答案：A3. 翻译“Knowledge is power.”为中文，正确的是：A. 知识就是力量。
B. 知识就是财富。
C. 知识就是健康。
D. 知识就是美丽。
答案：A4. “I have a dream.”的正确翻译是：A. 我有一个梦想。
B. 我有一个计划。
C. 我有一个目标。
D. 我有一个想法。
答案：A5. “Time flies.”的中文翻译是：A. 时间会飞。
B. 时间过得很快。
C. 时间是一只鸟。
D. 时间在流逝。
答案：B二、填空题6. 请将“Just do it.”翻译成中文：_________。
答案：只管去做。
7. 将“Actions speak louder than words.”翻译成中文：_________。
答案：行动胜于言辞。
8. 翻译“Where there is a will, there is a way.”为中文：_________。
答案：有志者，事竟成。
9. 将“Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.”翻译成中文：_________。
答案：情人眼里出西施。
10. 翻译“Better late than never.”为中文：_________。
答案：迟做总比不做好。
三、阅读理解题阅读下面的段落，并回答问题。
“Many people believe that happiness is the key to success. If you are happy, you are more likely to be motivated, energetic, and able to overcome obstacles. Happiness can also lead to better relationships and improved mental health. Therefore, it is important to cultivate happiness in our daily lives.”11. 根据上文，幸福与成功的关系是什么？答案：幸福被认为是成功的关键，因为幸福的人更有可能被激励、充满活力，并能够克服障碍。
翻译理论英汉对比版 附带习题和部分答案(适合考试准备)
复习提纲：What is translation and its essence？（什么是翻译和其本质？）Translation is the expression in one language of what has been expressed in another language, preserving semantic and stylistic equivalence. It is a kind of cross-language, cross-culture and cross society language activity. Its essence is the meaning explanation and transformation翻译是用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思维内容准确完整地重新表达出来的，跨语言，跨交际，跨社会的语言活动。
其本质是释意，意义的转换。
types of translation（翻译的分类）From the stand point of signs: intralingual translation，interlingual translation and intersemiotic translation从涉及的符号来看：语内翻译，语际翻译，符际翻译From the stand point of the extent to which translation is done：full translation，partial translation and translation plus editing从翻译的方法来看：全译，摘译，编译From the stand point of way in translation is carried out：written interlingual translation，oral interlingual translation and machine translation从翻译的手段来看：笔译，口译，机器翻译From the stand point of the languages involved：native language into foreign language and foreign language into native language从source language and target language的角度：本族语译外族语，外族语译本族语From the stand point of the subject matter：professional translation（juristic and science writings），literary translation（novel，poem and drama）and general translation从翻译的题材来看：专业翻译（法律，科技文献），文学翻译（诗歌，散文，戏剧），一般性翻译（各种应用文和新闻报道）procedure of translation（翻译的过程）accurate comprehension，adequate expression and testing（理解，表达，校核）comprehension contains grammatical analysis，semantic analysis，stylistic analysis and discourse analysis理解分为：语法分析，意义分析，风格分析和语篇分析adequate expression：literal translation，translation by ideas and both of them表达分为直译，意译和两者并用criteria of translation（翻译的标准）Alexander F. Tytler（亚历山大F. 泰特勒）（1）A translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work（译作应完全复写出原作的思想）（2）The style and manner of writing should be of the same character as that of the original（译作的风格和手法应和原作属于同一性质）（3）A translation should have all the ease of the original composition.（译作应具备原作具有的通顺）Popular western criteria：equivalent value，equivalent effect and equivalent function（西方流行标准：等值，等效，功能对等）similarity in function and correspondence in meaning（功能相似，语义相符）Fedorov（费德罗夫）The exactness of translation means the exact rendering of the thought and content of the original and performs the same rhetorical function as the original. （翻译等值理论）Eugene Nida （尤金奈达）functional equivalence（功能对等）The crucial problem of translation is often stated in terms of conflict between formal correspondence and functional equivalence.Yan Fu（严复）faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance（信达雅）译事三难，信，达，雅，求其信已大难矣，顾信矣不达，虽译犹不译也，则尚达焉。
翻译理论——精选推荐
翻译理论教学点：___________________ 姓名：____________ 学号：____________________ ………………………………密………………………封………………………………线……………………………信阳师范学院成⼈⾼等教育《翻译理论》试卷说明：1．答卷前将密封线内的项⽬填写完整。
试卷满分100分，100分钟完成试卷；2．钢笔或圆珠笔答题（除题⽬有特殊规定外）；I. Fill in the blanks with the general knowledge in translation. (共10个空格，每空1分，共10分)。
）1、翻译就所涉及的语⾔⽽论，可以分为语内翻译和___________；就其活动⽅式⽽⾔，可以分为⼝译和___________。
2、著名学者季羡林在谈到翻译对中国⽂化的重要意义时，提到最⼤的影响有两次，⼀次是从印度来的⽔，⼀次是从西⽅来的⽔。
“从印度来的⽔”指的就是__________翻译，“从西⽅来的⽔”就是指明末清初⾄今的__________翻译活动。
3、英国著名的翻译家泰特勒提出的翻译三原则是：⼀、译作应完全复写出原作的__________；⼆、译作的风格和⼿法应和原作属于同⼀性质；三、译作应具备原创作品的_________。
4、鲁迅在谈论翻译时说过：“凡是翻译，必须兼顾着两⾯，⼀则⼒求其易解，⼀则___________。
”也即他提出的“___________”⼆字翻译原则。
5、从20世纪下半叶开始，国外翻译理论界涌现了众多的理论学派，如卡特福德、费道罗夫倡导的等值论，奈达的__________，佐哈尔的多元系统论、图⾥的描写翻译学、弗美尔的⽬的论等，以及结构主义、解构主义、⼥性主义等理论。
其中在我国影响最⼤的当数___________。
II.（Translate the following phrases into Chinese. (共20⼩题，每⼩题1分，共20分)1. intangible factors _________________2. mass-production _________________3. checkout counter _________________4. fashion icon_________________ 5. family/domestic violence _________________ 6. face job_________________ 7. academic threshold_________________8. mainstay TV host _________________ 9. admission scores_________________ 10. orange signal warning _________________ 11. affordable housing _________________ 12. whipping boy_________________ 13. partner assistance_________________ 14. foreign exchange reserve_________________ 15. data protection law_________________ 16. individual income tax threshold_________________ 17. IMF _________________ 18. ecological compensation _________________ 19. most favoured nation__________________________________III.Choose the best translation for each sentence.(共10⼩题，每⼩题2分，共20分)。
2023年翻译员资格考试试题及答案
2023年翻译员资格考试试题及答案
第一部分：中文翻译
题目1
请将以下英文句子翻译成中文：“The weather is very hot today.”
答案1
今天天气非常炎热。
题目2
请将以下中文句子翻译成英文：“我喜欢吃中国菜。
”
答案2
I like to eat Chinese food.
第二部分：英文翻译
题目3
请将以下中文段落翻译成英文：“我最喜欢的季节是春天。
春天的天气温暖宜人，万物复苏，花朵绽放。
在春天，我喜欢去公园散步，欣赏美丽的风景。
”
答案3
题目4
请将以下英文段落翻译成中文：“I enjoy reading books in my free time. It helps me relax and expand my knowledge. Fiction novels are my favorite genre, but I also enjoy reading non-fiction books about history and science.”
答案4
我喜欢在空闲时间阅读书籍。
它能帮助我放松身心并扩展我的知识。
虚构小说是我最喜欢的类型，但我也喜欢阅读有关历史和科学的非虚构书籍。
以上是2023年翻译员资格考试试题及答案的部分内容。
翻译理论试题及答案
翻译理论试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共10分）1. 翻译理论中的“直译”指的是：A. 逐字逐句翻译B. 保持原文风格C. 完全按照原文的字面意思翻译D. 根据目标语言习惯进行适当调整2. 以下哪位学者提出了“功能对等”理论？A. 尤金·奈达B. 彼得·纽马克C. 弗拉基米尔·普罗普D. 雅各布·格林3. 在翻译过程中，译者应该优先考虑的是：A. 原文作者的意图B. 目标语言读者的接受度C. 翻译的准确性D. 翻译的流畅性4. “动态对等”是以下哪位翻译理论家的观点？A. 尤金·奈达B. 彼得·纽马克C. 弗拉基米尔·普罗普D. 雅各布·格林5. 翻译理论中的“等效原则”主要强调的是：A. 语言的直接对应B. 信息的传递效果C. 文化的忠实度D. 风格的相似性二、简答题（每题5分，共20分）1. 简述翻译中的“忠实度”原则，并举例说明。
2. 解释“动态对等”和“形式对等”的区别，并说明在实际翻译中如何选择。
3. 描述翻译理论中的“交际翻译”和“语义翻译”的概念。
4. 阐述翻译过程中如何处理文化差异。
三、论述题（每题15分，共30分）1. 论述翻译理论中的“目的论”及其对翻译实践的影响。
2. 分析翻译中的“创造性”原则，并讨论其在文学翻译中的应用。
四、案例分析题（共40分）1. 阅读以下原文和译文，分析译者在翻译过程中可能采用的策略，并评价其翻译效果。
（20分）原文：“明月几时有？把酒问青天。
不知天上宫阙，今夕是何年。
”译文："When will the moon be clear and bright? With a cup of wine in my hand, I ask the blue sky. I do not know what year it is in the heavenly palace."2. 根据所提供的翻译理论，分析以下翻译案例中存在的问题，并提出改进建议。
翻译理论与实践复习题
范围主要包括翻译标准，直译与意译问题，翻译的定义，文化与翻译的问题以及翻译与文化的关系等等。
一、选择题（在四个选项中选择一个正确答案）：1. 明朝末年的翻译家徐光启主要从事---C---的翻译。
A. 佛教经典B. 文学作品C. 科技著作D. 哲学著作2. 《马氏文通》的作者马建忠提出了“---A---”的翻译观点。
A. 善译B. 化境C. 神似D. 信、达、雅3. 出版后即风靡海内的《巴黎茶花女遗事》是--B----的译作。
A．严复 B. 林纾C. 林语堂D. 梁实秋4.“意译”是指译文从意义出发，要求将原文的意义正确表达出来，不必拘泥于--D----的形式。
A. 词句B. 词句和比喻C. 各种修辞手段D. 词、句、以及各种修辞手段5. 翻译是一种（A）的交际活动。
A．跨语言，跨文化，跨社会 B. 跨语言C．跨语言，跨社会 D. 跨语言，跨社会6. 翻译的理想单位是：__________。
（A ）A．篇章 B. 句子 C.词语 D. 单词7．下列四个语言特点中，----B--不是广告英语的特点。
A. 多祈使句B. 多后置定语C. 多新词汇D. 多常用词汇8. 鲁迅曾提出过“-------B--------”的翻译观点。
A. 宁顺而不信B. 宁信而不顺C. 与其信而不顺，不如顺而不信D. 忠实、通顺、得体9．“Do you see any green in my eye?”可以翻译为：__B_____。
A. 你从我的眼睛里看到绿颜色吗？B. 你以为我是好欺骗的吗？C. 你从我的眼睛里看到嫉妒的感觉吗？D. 你以为我在嫉妒你吗？10. “Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market.”意思为( B )。
A．昨夜我听见他把他的猪赶到市场。
B．昨夜我听见鼾声如雷。
C．昨夜我听见他开车把猪送到市场。
D．昨夜我听见他开车去了市场。
11．“to laugh off one’s head”被译为“笑掉大牙”，这是运用了什么翻译方法？ CA．直译法 B. 意译法C. 汉语同义习语的套用法D. 归化法12．严复的“雅”是指：___A____。
翻译专业考试题目和答案
翻译专业考试题目和答案****一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 在翻译中，以下哪个选项不是直译的特点？A. 保持原文的字面意思B. 保持原文的修辞效果C. 保持原文的文化内涵D. 忽略原文的文化内涵答案：D2. 翻译中的“信、达、雅”是由哪位翻译家提出的？A. 严复B. 林语堂C. 傅雷D. 钱钟书答案：A3. 以下哪个术语不是翻译理论中的术语？A. EquivalenceB. TranslatabilityC. FidelityD. Hermeneutics答案：D4. 在翻译实践中，哪种类型的文本通常需要更多的创造性？A. 法律文件B. 技术手册C. 文学作品D. 新闻报道答案：C5. 翻译中的“忠实性”原则主要指的是什么？A. 忠实于原文的内容B. 忠实于原文的风格C. 忠实于原文的文化背景D. 所有以上选项答案：D6. 以下哪个选项不是翻译过程中可能遇到的问题？A. 语言差异B. 文化差异C. 个人偏好D. 语法规则的一致性答案：D7. 在翻译中，如何处理专业术语？A. 直接使用源语言的术语B. 查找对应的目标语言术语C. 创造新的术语D. 忽略专业术语答案：B8. 翻译中的“动态对等”是由哪位学者提出的？A. NidaB. CatfordC. Nida & TaberD. Venuti & Lawrence答案：C9. 以下哪个选项不是翻译质量评估的标准？A. 准确性B. 流畅性C. 创造性D. 速度答案：D10. 翻译中的“文化适应性”主要指的是什么？A. 使译文适应目标语言的文化B. 使译文适应源语言的文化C. 保持源语言和目标语言文化的平衡D. 忽略文化差异答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 翻译是一种跨文化交际活动，它涉及到两种不同语言和文化的________。
2. 在翻译中，________是指翻译者在翻译过程中对原文的理解。
答案：理解3. 翻译的________原则要求翻译者在忠实原文的基础上，使译文在目标语言中自然流畅。
翻译综合及翻译理论典型题详解
4.2 翻译综合及翻译理论典型题详解题1. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences.1．严复在《天演论·译例言》（1895）中提出：译事三难。
此后100多年来，这就成了我国译界的一个重要的翻译标准。
2．Six guidelines in the employment of dictionaries in translation: .3．英语重，汉语轻。
英语多，汉语少。
英语重，汉语轻。
4．用英语解释：Hypotaxis; Parataxis.5．用汉语解释：Theme; Rheme.参考答案：1．信达雅2.①Glaring errors in ECT derived from the take-it-for-granted attitude——Dictionary is indispensable.②Mechanical reference fails the translators——Dictionary is not always so reliable.③English to English dictionary is sometimes a better helper.④Never confine your reference to one dictionary.⑤Divergent thought works when dictionaries fail to work.⑥Dictionaries cannot be expected to be always correct, esp. the dictionaries compiled by Chinese.3．英语重形合，汉语重意合。
英语多省略，汉语少省略。
英语重时体，汉语轻时体。
4．用英语解释Hypotaxis: The dependent or subordinate construction or relationship of clauses with connectives, for example, I shall despair if you don’t come.Parataxis: The arranging of clauses one after the other without connectives showing the relation between them. Example: The rain fell; the river flooded; the house was washed away.5．Theme：句子陈述的对象（即话题），谈话的出发点，它是读者从上下文或由语言外的知识得到的内容。
英汉翻译试题
英汉翻译试题一、填空（每空1分，共20分）1、我国的翻译事业有约（）年的灿烂历史。
2、清未著名翻译家严复在《天演论. 译例言》中提出了著名的“（）、（）、（）”翻译标准。
3、（）是“五四”运动以后在翻译工作上理论与实践相结合的典范，他译过许多俄国和苏联的优秀文学作品，如《毁灭》、《死魂灵》等。
4、著名的语言学家雅各布森从广义上把翻译划分为三大类，（）、（）、（）。
5、翻译的过程可以分为三个步骤：（）、（）、（）。
6、按照英国翻译理论家纽马克的观点，在表达的过程中，译者必须在四个层次上对原文和译文负责，（）、（）、（）和（）（）7、词汇翻译的技巧很多，归结起来有移植法，（）、（）、（）、（）和（）。
二、概念解释（每小题2分，共10分）1、汉语词汇的对称性2、词类转换3、句子的分译4、语域5、文化的“不可译”现象三、简答（每小题5分，共10分）1、以英汉两种语言为例，说明源语和译入语语言系统之间的矛盾。
2、英语长句的翻译步骤四、按要求将下列各句译成汉语（每小题2分，共10分）1．Over the past 50 years scientists and psychologists have increasingly argued over whether genetics or environment has a greater impact upon human intelligence. (省略冠词)2．Computer viruses now rely as much on human foibles --- greed , fear , curiosity , loneliness --- to draw you in as they do any kind of technical trickery . (增词法)3. He had never seen her. but written words had been with him all along and sustained him unfailingly. (介词转换成动词)4. in order save time. she tried to prioritize work –related parties and attend only the most important ones. (单词分译法)5. What is surely and identifiably unique about the human species is not its possession of certain faculties or physical characteristics. but what it has done with them --- its achievement, or history. In fact. (句子分译法)五、按要求将下列各句译成英语（每小题2分，共10分）1、柔软的柳丝低垂在静谧的小河上，河边的顽童破坏了小河的安静。
2023年初级翻译员理论知识考试真题(含答案)
2023年初级翻译员理论知识考试真题(含
答案)
一、选择题：
1. 下列选项中，翻译是指（）
A. 将一种语言文字转化为另一种语言文字
B. 将一种语言口语转化为另一种语言口语
C. 将一种文字转化为另一种语言口语
D. 将一种口语转化为另一种文字
答案：A
2. 下列哪个是翻译过程中非常重要的一点（）
A. 速度快
B. 翻译准确
C. 文字排版美观
D. 翻译费用低
答案：B
二、简答题：
1. 简述翻译的基本原则。
答案：翻译的基本原则包括准确性、通顺性、信达性和达意性。
翻译应尽可能准确地表达源语言的意思，使译文通顺易懂，达到与
原文相似的效果，并且能够传达作者的意图和信息。
2. 请说明口译和笔译的区别。
答案：口译是指将源语言的口头表达转化为目标语言的口头表达，过程中需要即时的转化和传达能力。
笔译是指将源语言的书面
文字转化为目标语言的书面文字，需要较长时间来进行准确翻译。
三、论述题：
请论述机器翻译与人工翻译的优劣势。
答案：机器翻译的优点是可以高效快速地进行翻译工作，能够处理大量的文字，并且能够自动研究和优化翻译结果。
然而，机器翻译仍存在一定的局限性，不能完全理解语言的语境和文化背景，有时会出现词语义不准确、语法错误或上下文不通顺的问题。
而人工翻译可以更好地理解语言的含义、文化背景以及信息上下文，可以进行更准确、流畅的翻译。
同时，人工翻译具备较强的创造性和灵活性，能够根据具体情境进行适当的调整和转化。
翻译理论与实践考试题库
翻译理论与实践考试题库一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 翻译理论中的“信、达、雅”是由哪位翻译家提出的？A. 严复B. 林语堂C. 王力D. 钱钟书2. 在翻译过程中，哪种方法强调原文的忠实度？A. 直译B. 意译C. 音译D. 形译3. 翻译理论中，“功能主义”是由哪位学者提出的？A. 奈达B. 霍姆斯C. 斯奈尔-霍恩比D. 费舍尔4. 下列哪个选项不是翻译过程中可能遇到的问题？A. 文化差异B. 语言障碍C. 翻译技巧D. 语言风格5. 翻译理论中的“交际翻译”是指什么？A. 翻译者与原文作者的交流B. 翻译者与目标语言读者的交流C. 原文与译文的交流D. 原文与目标语言的交流6. 翻译理论中的“动态对等”是由哪位学者提出的？A. 奈达B. 霍姆斯C. 斯奈尔-霍恩比D. 费舍尔7. 在翻译实践中，哪种翻译策略更注重原文的文化内涵？A. 直译B. 意译C. 音译D. 形译8. 翻译理论中的“交际翻译”主要强调的是什么？A. 原文的忠实度B. 译文的流畅性C. 译文的可读性D. 译文的交际功能9. 翻译理论中的“翻译单位”通常指的是什么？A. 词汇B. 句子C. 段落D. 文章10. 在翻译实践中，哪种翻译方法更注重译文的可读性？A. 直译B. 意译C. 音译D. 形译二、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. 简述翻译理论中的“交际翻译”与“语义翻译”的区别。
2. 描述翻译过程中如何处理文化差异，并举例说明。
3. 阐述翻译理论中的“功能主义”对翻译实践的影响。
三、论述题（每题25分，共50分）1. 论述翻译理论中的“动态对等”理论，并结合实际翻译案例进行分析。
2. 论述翻译实践中如何处理语言风格的差异，并给出具体的翻译策略。
四、翻译实践题（共30分）请将以下中文段落翻译成英文，并注意保持原文的语义、风格和文化内涵。
原文：随着全球化的不断深入，跨文化交流变得越来越重要。
翻译作为跨文化交流的重要工具，不仅要忠实于原文，还要考虑到目标语言的文化背景和读者的接受能力。
《翻译理论与技巧》练习题库
华中师范大学网络学院《翻译理论与技巧》练习测试题在下列句中空白处填上合适的词语。
每空1分。
共10分。
1．翻译是跨（）、跨（）、跨（）的交际活动。
2．篇章的粘连分（）粘连和（）粘连两大类，粘连的目的是实现篇章的（）。
3．社会符号学的翻译标准是（）相符、（）相似。
4．格赖斯的（）原则和利奇的（）原则是促使语言交际成功的语用原则。
5. 社会符号学翻译法以韩礼德所述的语言的社会符号性为根据，以符号学的意义观为核心。
语言符号具备三种意义，它们是（）意义、（）意义和（）意义。
6. 语言对比是研究语言在（）中产生的意义。
7. 泰特勒在《翻译的原则》一书中提出了著名德三原则：A．译文应完整地再现原文的（）。
B．译文的（）（）应与原文的性质相同。
C．译文应像原文一样（）。
8. 汉语语法呈（）性，英语语法呈（）性。
9. 严复的三字翻译标准是_____、_____、____。
10. 鲁迅认为翻译标准可以用________和________这四个字来表示。
11．翻译的过程是______、_______和________。
12．英语翻译成汉语时，英语称之为____________________，汉语称之为______________。
13．翻译按其工作方式来分，有______ ________ __________三种。
14．许渊冲提倡文学翻译要做到_____________、_____________和________________。
15．在译文语言条件许可时，在译文中既保持原文的内容，有保持原文的形式—特别是保持原文的比喻、形象和民族地方色彩等，这种译法叫做___________。
16．把原文中两个或两个以上的简单句译成一个单句是________法。
17．翻译按其处理方式来分，有________、________和__________。
18．翻译是“从语义到文体在译入语中用最（）而又最（）的对等语再现原语的（）。
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翻译家及翻译理论0204(二) 本部分共有5小题，在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，选择最佳答案完成句子。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
（10分）11.“凡是翻译，必须兼顾着两面，一当然力求其易解，一则保存着原作的丰姿。
”这是_______提出的。
A.鲁迅B.瞿秋白C.茅盾D.郭沫若12.杨宪益说：“译者应尽量忠实于原文的形象，既不要夸张，也不要夹带任何别的东西”。
他针对的是______。
A.任何一种翻译B.文学翻译C.诗歌翻译D.汉英翻译13.“上下文在解决语言单位的多义性问题上起着最重要的作用。
”这是______的论述。
A.林纾B.巴尔胡达罗夫C.泰特勒D.费多罗夫14.王力先生指出，中国语里多用意合法，______。
A.因此连词用得较多B.因为主从结构用得较多C.联结成分并非必需D.联结成分十分需要15.汉语有很多四字成语，译成英语时，译文______。
A.一定要保持原文的形象B.一定要脱离原文的形象C.一定要符合原文的意思D.一定要在英语中找到对应的成语02076.汉语语法单位的组合多用_______，连接成分并非必要。
A.意合法B.形合法C.意合法和形合法D.省略法7.在被动结构方面_______A.英语被动句用得少，汉语被动式用得多。
B.英语被动句用得多，汉语被动式用得少。
C.英语多用主动来表示被动。
D.英语和汉语被动句用的都很多。
8._______主张，在翻译过程中“与其失神韵而留形貌”还不如“形貌上有些差别而保留了神韵”。
A.郭沫若B.杨宪益C.茅盾D.钱钟书9.1954年_______在全国文学翻译工作会议上讲话，指出“翻译是一种创造性的工作，好的翻译等于创作，甚至还可能超过创作”。
A.郭沫若B.钱钟书C.茅盾D.杨宪益10._______ thought in translating one should aim at “translating sense,not words".A. Saint JeromeB. CiceroC. TytlerD. Nida030411．“重神似不重形似”，这是的主张。
[A] 严复[B]林纾[C]傅雷[D]周煦良12．郭沫若先生说：“我们对翻译工作决不能采取轻率的态度。
翻译工作者必须具有高度的。
”[A]外语水平[B]责任感[C]政治敏感性[D]汉语功底13．茅盾先生说过：翻译文学作品，很重要的一点是。
[A]能将它的风格翻译出来[B]能将它的一部分风格翻译出来[C]译者要有自己的风格[D] 风格是无法翻译的14．Eugene. A. Nida says, “Each language has its own genius.”他的意思是。
[A]每一种语言有其自己的天才[B]各种语言都有其特有的创造力[C]一种语言有一种语言的特点[D] 凡是语言都具有语言的特征15．就汉译英而论，。
[A]断句的情况较多，并句的情况较少[B]断句的情况较多，并句的情况也较多[C]断句的情况较少，并句的情况较多[D]断句的情况较少，并句的情况也较少03076.就英汉两种语言对比而言，______这一说法不正确。
A.就句子内部而言，英语重形合，句内各成分联系紧密；汉语重意合，结构松散，更多依赖句内各成分的顺序。
B.就句子之间的联系而言，英语不太重视句子之间的联系，汉语则比较重视句子之间的联系。
C.英语多用实称，汉语多用代称。
D.英语无主句少，汉语无主句多。
7.就科技文体而言，下面关于英汉两种语言的比较哪一个说法不正确?A.汉语抽象名词远没有英语用得多。
B.汉语中多用多重复合结构表达，英语多用单句表达。
C.汉语词汇含义相对单一并且固定，而英语词汇含义内涵大，一词多义。
D.汉语中用被动语态表达的句子不多，而科技英语中被动语态使用广泛。
8.In his book The Art of Translation,______ says “Translation, the surm ounting of the obstacle, is made possible by an equivalent of thought which lies behind the different verbal expressions of a thought.”A. Theodore SavoryB. Eugene NidaC. Peter NewmarkerD. Saint Jerome9.钱钟书先生在“林纾的翻译”一文中提出了一条翻译的新标准______。
A.“神韵”说B.“化境”说C.“丰姿”说D.“信、达、雅”说10.在翻译过程中______倾向于意译，常对原文加以改动，以适应中国的文体，因此其译文既准确又流畅。
A.鸠摩罗什B.三支C.玄奘D.释道安040411. 针对鲁迅先生提出的“宁信而不顺”的主张，瞿秋白提出_________。
A. “宁顺而不信”B. “信”和“顺”不应对立起来C. 要容忍“多少的不顺”D. 要保存原作的丰姿12. 傅雷认为翻译重在_________。
A. 理论B. 实践C. 创新D. 观察13. 王佐良认为译者在处理个别的词时，他面对的是_________。
A. 两种语言B. 两种文体C. 两大片文化D. 两套语法体系14. According to Theodore Savory, a translator must ask himself: _________.A. (ⅰ) What does the author say?(ⅱ) What does he mean?(ⅲ) How does he say it?B. (ⅰ) What does the author mean?(ⅱ)What does he say?(ⅲ)What does he want?C. (ⅰ)What does the author say?(ⅱ) Where does he say it?(ⅲ) What does he mean?D. (ⅰ) What does the author mean?(ⅱ) How does he like it?(ⅲ) What does he say?15. 代词在英语和汉语里都经常使用，但总的说来，_________。
A. 英语代词用得多，汉语代词用得少B. 英语代词用得多，汉语代词也用得多C. 汉语代词用得多，英语代词用得少D. 汉语代词用得少，英语代词也用得少04076.我国古代著名的佛经译师______对自己提出的要求是：“既须求真，又须喻俗。
”A.竺法兰B.玄奘C.释道安D.鸠摩罗什7.______翻译《天演论》，宣传“物竞天择，适者生存”的观点，对其时思想界有很大影响。
A.鲁迅B.严复C.傅雷D.郭沫若8.就英汉语言特点而言，下列选项中不正确的一项是______.A.英语主从结构多，汉语并列结构多B.英语被动态多，汉语被动式少C.英语抽象名词多，汉语抽象名词少D.英语成语多，汉语成语少9.英语有时在句子里先出______，然后再出它所指的人或物。
汉语一般总是先出实词，然后才用______。
A.名词B.形容词C.副词D.代词10.英语有些词的用法和汉语是一致的，用起来不困难。
但也有些词，特别是______，用法和汉语不同。
A.名词B.动词C.副词D.代词050411．严复翻译的《天演论》，其原文的题目是（）A．Inquiry into the Nature of EvolutionB．Study of Evolution and EthicsC．Evolution and Ethics and Other EssaysD．Study of the System of Logic12．周煦良在“翻译三论”一文中写道：直译可以分为三类，其中不．包括（）A．译音而不译意B．照字面译C．不妄改原文的字句D．按照原文的结构或词序的翻译13．Cicero said,“In doing so, I did not think it necessary （）.”A．to translate word for wordB．to preserve the general styleC．to keep the force of the languageD．to change the form of the original14．不．符合科技英语特点的是（）A．严肃的书面语体B．词汇含义相对单一并且固定C．广泛使用被动语态D．趋向于使用多重复合结构15．一般来说，在用词方面，（）A．汉语喜欢重复，英语也喜欢重复B．汉语不怕重复，英语也不怕重复C．英语不喜欢重复，汉语也不喜欢重复D．英语不喜欢重复，汉语则不怕重复050711. 将“既须求真，又须喻俗”作为对自己做翻译的要求的是（）A. 鸠摩罗什B. 玄奘C. 释道安D. 慧远12. Tales from Shakespeare (1807)一书的书名，林纾的译文是（）A. 《吟边燕语》B. 《海外轩渠录》C. 《贼史》D. 《块肉余生述》13. 鲁迅的“宁信而不顺”，是针对当时“宁顺而不信”的翻译观提出来的；“宁顺而不信”的提出者为（）A. 胡适B. 周作人C. 瞿秋白D. 赵景深14. 郭沫若认为文学翻译上所谓的“雅”，就是（）A. 文学价值或艺术价值比较高B. 讲修饰C. 高深D. 采用汉以前的语言风格15. Cicero’s translating of ancient Greek speec hes is characterized by（）A. literal translationB. counting out words to the reader like coinsC. translating as an oratorD. translating as a poet060411. Gulliver’s Travels一书，林纾译作＿.A.《海外轩渠录》B.《吟边燕语》C.《块肉余生述》D.《鲁滨逊漂流记》12．王佐良说：我们必须不断地学习，不断地＿，不断地深人实践。
翻译者是一个永恒的学生。
A．总结规律B．深入观察C．探讨理论D．交流心得13. ＿said, “I have always aimed at translating sense, not words.”A. CiceroB. Saint JeromeC. A.F. TytlerD. Theodore Savory14．施觉怀在“翻译法律文献的几个特点”体现以下三个特点：＿。
A．条理清、文字美、格式规范。
B．条理清，文字美，意思全。
C. 条理清，文字明，意思全。