第7讲 公示语和翻译中的文化 汉英翻译 教学课件
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– 请勿在此喂养动物！
• DO NOT LEAN OUT OF THE WINDOW
– 请勿探出窗外！
• KEEP OFF THE GRASS
– 勿踏草坪！
• ADMISSION TO TICKET HOLDERS ONLY
– 凭票入场！
• 警告性 • MIND THE STEP
注意路滑
• FRAGILE
中国农业大学人文与发展学院
外语系教案
课程名称：汉英翻译 单元主题：公示语与翻译中的文化 任课教师：赵挺 授课班级：英语071/072
公示语和翻译中的文化传递
• 公示语是指在公共场所向公众公示须知内 容的语言，它包括标识、批示牌、路牌、 标语、公告、警示等等。公示语范围非常 广泛，在英语里没有一个与之相对应的统 称。
with an adult.
公示语的翻译
• 常采用三种不同的翻译方法： • Borrow:借用英语中对应的表达方法 • Adapt:参照英语中类似的表达方式进行适当
的更改 • Create:在前两种情况都不存在的情况下，
按照英语的习惯和思路进行创译。
一条原则
• 充分考虑英语的表达习惯
“请勿吸烟”和“严禁吸烟”
• 可直接从下面现有的几种表达方法中加以 选择：
• NO SMOKING • NO SMOKING IN THIS ESTABLISHMENT
/ BUILDING • NO SMOKING EXCEPT IN DESIGNATED
GUEST ROOMS • designated room / area 指定的吸烟区
• Little grass has life, please watch your step.
• Little grass is smiling slightly. Please walk on the pavement.
• Protect a piece of green leaf and dedicate a share of love.
• CYCLISTS DISMOUNT HERE. 骑自行车者在此下车 • Cyclists should get off their bicycles here.
• NO ADMISSION TO UNACCOMPANIED MINORS. • Young people under 18 years old can only come if they are
“请勿践踏草坪”： • Please keep off the grass. • Please stay off the grass. Thank you. • Please be advised: stay off the grass. • 另一种选择是按照英语的思维习惯进行翻译使译文更为生动活泼，
• 此处为无烟区。
• For hygiene’s sake please refrain yourself from smoking in this room.
• 为了您和他人的健康，请勿在此吸烟。 • 以上均属于照搬借用（borrow）的翻译方法。
• 保护绿地的警示语 • 保护绿草，留住绿意。 • 小草有生命，脚下请留情。 • 小草微微笑，请您走便道。 • 护一片绿叶，献一份爱心。 • Preserve green grass and retain the green color.
• 意译：
• It’s far better to arrive late in this world than early in the next.
• Better late than never. • 译文更生动、地道。
翻译中的文化传递
• 中外语言学理论都认为，语言是文化的载 体。语言所传递的是一个民族的传统、思 想、习俗、情感等内容。汉英翻译实践证 明，只注重语义信息的传递而忽视文化信 息传递的翻译，很难真实的反映原文的思 想。
• I greet you with a smile and you should behave with a style.
• If you stay off my ground, I’ll be green all the year round.
• The smiling grass would like to say: “Please walk on the pathway.”
百度文库
• 若仔细挑选，在廉价商店可以买到很便宜 的东西。
• You can buy very cheap products at discount stores if you shop with care.
• You can find bargains if you shop with care.
• 各民族文化的多样性决定了各语言群体的 价值观念、民族特色、表达习惯、比喻意 象和社会特点均有较大差异。
更有艺术性。如： • 保护绿草，留住绿地。 • Keep the grass green and fresh. • Color our city green with well-attended grass. • For our environment’s sake, keep the grass in top shape.
• 护一片绿叶，献一份爱心。
• A little turf of grass grows with the care of everyone.
• My healthy growth calls for everybody’s tender care.
• Let the grass thrive with our care. • 类似的公示语还有： • 请勿乱扔垃圾，保持环境清洁。
易碎品
• BEWARE OF PICKPOCKETS 严防小偷
英语公示语的特点
• 语言简洁明了，正式规范。可用下面五 个由字母C开头的单词来概括：
• concise, conventional, consistent, conspicuous, conveniet
• 简洁、规范、统一、醒目、方便
英语公示语的语体比较正式
• Don’t be a litterbug / litter lout. Help keep the city / environment clean.
• 英语里找不到对等表达方法时，就采用“创译”的方法，如： • 司机一滴酒，亲人两行泪
• When a man mixes drink with drive,
• 如： • Offenders selling tobacco to minors will be fined.
• 不准向未成年人销售香烟，违者罚款。
• We are authorized to demand proof of buyer’s age.
• 本店有权要求购烟者提供年龄证明。
• 下面这些例句显示了公示语和日常口语的对照： • FEEDING ANIMALS STRICTLY PROHIBITED. • You are not allowed to feed the animal.
• 更为简洁的译文是：
• Drink and drive costs your life. • 宁停三分，不抢一秒 • 直译：
• Three minutes wait is safe, one second rush is risky.
• It pays to stop to wait for three minutes rather than rush to gain one second.
• 跳进黄河洗不清
• One cannot be cleaned if one takes a bath in the Yellow River.
• One cannot clear up his bad fame if it is put on him.
• ①情不分贫富。 • Love lives in cottages as well as in courts.
• 译文不规范(make no sense)
• 可取的翻译应是： • Take care of the grass to keep the place green. • Treading on grass is treading on life. • Little grass says smilingly: “walk on the pathway, please.” • Your care for the green is your love of the community. • 如果用规范正宗的英语重新翻译，可直接借用英语中现成的说法
• 这些差异难免会导致各语言之间的翻译中 出现文化差异信息传递障碍。如：
• 有钱能使鬼推磨
• With money you can make the devil turn millstone.
• Money makes the mare go. • Money is a good servant. • Money talks.
• ⑤绣花枕头，虚有其表。 • Many a fine dish has nothing on it.
• ⑥金玉其外，败絮其中。 • A fair complexion covers seven defects.
• ⑦牛头不对马嘴。 • He gives straw to his dog and bones to his horse.
• PENALTY FOR DROPPING LITRE ---- UP TO ￡100 FINE. • You can be taken to court and made to pay ￡100 for dropping
rubbish.
• NO THROUGH ROAD FOR MOTOR VEHECLES. 车辆不通 • There is no way out at the other end of this road for cars.
• 小草有生命，脚下请留情。
• Please give me a chance to grow.
• Grass grows in silence. Please leave it alone.
• If I am trampled like a weed, I’d be dying at your feet. • 小草微微笑，请您走便道。
• he is likely to bring tears to his wife. • 司机一滴酒，亲人两行泪 • 如果要强调“一滴酒”和“两行泪”的对应，也可这样译：
• One drop of alcohol on the part of the driver can result in two lines of tears for his family.
• ②初生牛犊不怕虎。 • New born calves don’t fear wolves.
• ③病来如山倒;病去如抽丝。 • Diseases come on wings and depart on foot.
• ④红颜多薄命。 • Beautiful flowers are soon picked.
就内容而言，公示语可分为四类：
1. 提示性（Information） 2. 2. 指示性（Instructions）
3. 告示性（Notices）
4. 警告性（Warnings）
3. 告示性的regulatory notices:
• PLEASE DO NOT FEED THE ANIMALS
• 如要特别强调“严禁吸烟”还可这样说：
• ABSOLUTELY NO SMOKING
• Danger: No smoking or open flame • 危险：禁止吸烟和明火 • 如果要想语气婉转些，也可以这样表达：
• Thank you for not smoking.
• Notice: This is a smoke-free / non-smoking facility / building.
• DO NOT LEAN OUT OF THE WINDOW
– 请勿探出窗外！
• KEEP OFF THE GRASS
– 勿踏草坪！
• ADMISSION TO TICKET HOLDERS ONLY
– 凭票入场！
• 警告性 • MIND THE STEP
注意路滑
• FRAGILE
中国农业大学人文与发展学院
外语系教案
课程名称：汉英翻译 单元主题：公示语与翻译中的文化 任课教师：赵挺 授课班级：英语071/072
公示语和翻译中的文化传递
• 公示语是指在公共场所向公众公示须知内 容的语言，它包括标识、批示牌、路牌、 标语、公告、警示等等。公示语范围非常 广泛，在英语里没有一个与之相对应的统 称。
with an adult.
公示语的翻译
• 常采用三种不同的翻译方法： • Borrow:借用英语中对应的表达方法 • Adapt:参照英语中类似的表达方式进行适当
的更改 • Create:在前两种情况都不存在的情况下，
按照英语的习惯和思路进行创译。
一条原则
• 充分考虑英语的表达习惯
“请勿吸烟”和“严禁吸烟”
• 可直接从下面现有的几种表达方法中加以 选择：
• NO SMOKING • NO SMOKING IN THIS ESTABLISHMENT
/ BUILDING • NO SMOKING EXCEPT IN DESIGNATED
GUEST ROOMS • designated room / area 指定的吸烟区
• Little grass has life, please watch your step.
• Little grass is smiling slightly. Please walk on the pavement.
• Protect a piece of green leaf and dedicate a share of love.
• CYCLISTS DISMOUNT HERE. 骑自行车者在此下车 • Cyclists should get off their bicycles here.
• NO ADMISSION TO UNACCOMPANIED MINORS. • Young people under 18 years old can only come if they are
“请勿践踏草坪”： • Please keep off the grass. • Please stay off the grass. Thank you. • Please be advised: stay off the grass. • 另一种选择是按照英语的思维习惯进行翻译使译文更为生动活泼，
• 此处为无烟区。
• For hygiene’s sake please refrain yourself from smoking in this room.
• 为了您和他人的健康，请勿在此吸烟。 • 以上均属于照搬借用（borrow）的翻译方法。
• 保护绿地的警示语 • 保护绿草，留住绿意。 • 小草有生命，脚下请留情。 • 小草微微笑，请您走便道。 • 护一片绿叶，献一份爱心。 • Preserve green grass and retain the green color.
• 意译：
• It’s far better to arrive late in this world than early in the next.
• Better late than never. • 译文更生动、地道。
翻译中的文化传递
• 中外语言学理论都认为，语言是文化的载 体。语言所传递的是一个民族的传统、思 想、习俗、情感等内容。汉英翻译实践证 明，只注重语义信息的传递而忽视文化信 息传递的翻译，很难真实的反映原文的思 想。
• I greet you with a smile and you should behave with a style.
• If you stay off my ground, I’ll be green all the year round.
• The smiling grass would like to say: “Please walk on the pathway.”
百度文库
• 若仔细挑选，在廉价商店可以买到很便宜 的东西。
• You can buy very cheap products at discount stores if you shop with care.
• You can find bargains if you shop with care.
• 各民族文化的多样性决定了各语言群体的 价值观念、民族特色、表达习惯、比喻意 象和社会特点均有较大差异。
更有艺术性。如： • 保护绿草，留住绿地。 • Keep the grass green and fresh. • Color our city green with well-attended grass. • For our environment’s sake, keep the grass in top shape.
• 护一片绿叶，献一份爱心。
• A little turf of grass grows with the care of everyone.
• My healthy growth calls for everybody’s tender care.
• Let the grass thrive with our care. • 类似的公示语还有： • 请勿乱扔垃圾，保持环境清洁。
易碎品
• BEWARE OF PICKPOCKETS 严防小偷
英语公示语的特点
• 语言简洁明了，正式规范。可用下面五 个由字母C开头的单词来概括：
• concise, conventional, consistent, conspicuous, conveniet
• 简洁、规范、统一、醒目、方便
英语公示语的语体比较正式
• Don’t be a litterbug / litter lout. Help keep the city / environment clean.
• 英语里找不到对等表达方法时，就采用“创译”的方法，如： • 司机一滴酒，亲人两行泪
• When a man mixes drink with drive,
• 如： • Offenders selling tobacco to minors will be fined.
• 不准向未成年人销售香烟，违者罚款。
• We are authorized to demand proof of buyer’s age.
• 本店有权要求购烟者提供年龄证明。
• 下面这些例句显示了公示语和日常口语的对照： • FEEDING ANIMALS STRICTLY PROHIBITED. • You are not allowed to feed the animal.
• 更为简洁的译文是：
• Drink and drive costs your life. • 宁停三分，不抢一秒 • 直译：
• Three minutes wait is safe, one second rush is risky.
• It pays to stop to wait for three minutes rather than rush to gain one second.
• 跳进黄河洗不清
• One cannot be cleaned if one takes a bath in the Yellow River.
• One cannot clear up his bad fame if it is put on him.
• ①情不分贫富。 • Love lives in cottages as well as in courts.
• 译文不规范(make no sense)
• 可取的翻译应是： • Take care of the grass to keep the place green. • Treading on grass is treading on life. • Little grass says smilingly: “walk on the pathway, please.” • Your care for the green is your love of the community. • 如果用规范正宗的英语重新翻译，可直接借用英语中现成的说法
• 这些差异难免会导致各语言之间的翻译中 出现文化差异信息传递障碍。如：
• 有钱能使鬼推磨
• With money you can make the devil turn millstone.
• Money makes the mare go. • Money is a good servant. • Money talks.
• ⑤绣花枕头，虚有其表。 • Many a fine dish has nothing on it.
• ⑥金玉其外，败絮其中。 • A fair complexion covers seven defects.
• ⑦牛头不对马嘴。 • He gives straw to his dog and bones to his horse.
• PENALTY FOR DROPPING LITRE ---- UP TO ￡100 FINE. • You can be taken to court and made to pay ￡100 for dropping
rubbish.
• NO THROUGH ROAD FOR MOTOR VEHECLES. 车辆不通 • There is no way out at the other end of this road for cars.
• 小草有生命，脚下请留情。
• Please give me a chance to grow.
• Grass grows in silence. Please leave it alone.
• If I am trampled like a weed, I’d be dying at your feet. • 小草微微笑，请您走便道。
• he is likely to bring tears to his wife. • 司机一滴酒，亲人两行泪 • 如果要强调“一滴酒”和“两行泪”的对应，也可这样译：
• One drop of alcohol on the part of the driver can result in two lines of tears for his family.
• ②初生牛犊不怕虎。 • New born calves don’t fear wolves.
• ③病来如山倒;病去如抽丝。 • Diseases come on wings and depart on foot.
• ④红颜多薄命。 • Beautiful flowers are soon picked.
就内容而言，公示语可分为四类：
1. 提示性（Information） 2. 2. 指示性（Instructions）
3. 告示性（Notices）
4. 警告性（Warnings）
3. 告示性的regulatory notices:
• PLEASE DO NOT FEED THE ANIMALS
• 如要特别强调“严禁吸烟”还可这样说：
• ABSOLUTELY NO SMOKING
• Danger: No smoking or open flame • 危险：禁止吸烟和明火 • 如果要想语气婉转些，也可以这样表达：
• Thank you for not smoking.
• Notice: This is a smoke-free / non-smoking facility / building.