虹口区2014高三二模英语试卷及答案
2014上海市各区高三英语二模整理汇编【语法填空】
2014上海市各区高三英语二模整理汇编【语法填空】（1）虹口(A)One of my most surprising findings as a student is 25 parents do not always accept your adulthood. I was always told that once you get to college, your parents realize that you have been living 26 your own and can make your own decisions. This idea was rejected 27 I came home for Thanksgiving. At first, everything was going as 28 (smoothly) as possible. The first night I went to the Berkeley campus to visit my friend Sara, without any argument from my mother.29 when I called her to say I had decided to spend the night at Sara’s dorm, my mom i nformed me that she wanted me home at one a.m. I was wild with anger! I 30 (make) my own decisions how late a young man should stay out for several months. However much I tried to reason with my mother, she insisted things are different when I am home, and that they were the 31 paying my bills. And kids, this is true. No matter how much you want to fight it, mommy and daddy are still holding the purse strings, whether you are 18 or not. Sometimes it is best to sit back, shut up, and do 32 they ask.(B)A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supply — all these were important factors in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution, but they were not enough. Something else 33 (need) to start the industrial process. That “something special” was men — creative individuals 34 could invent machines, find new sources of power, and establish business organizations to reshape society.The men who created the machines of the Industrial Revolution came from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were more inventors than scientists. A pure scientist appreciates 35 (conduct) his research accurately. He is not necessarily working 36 ______ his findings can be used. An inventor or one interested in applied science is usually trying to make something that has a concrete use. He may strive 37 (solve) a problem by using the theories of science or by experimenting through trialand error. Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain 38 specific result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of many other objectives.Many of the people who developed the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors, not 39 (train) scientists. A few were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had little or no training in science 40 not have made their inventions if a groundwork had not been laid by scientists years before.（2）黄浦( A )Since my retirement from teaching music in 2001, I have spent a good deal of time 25. ______ (paint) as an artist. I actually began drawing in the summer of 1995 when my father died, so perhaps I was trying to recover 26. _____ the loss of my father, or maybe it was just paintings 27. _____ brought back memories of him. In any case, I drew pen and ink animals and landscapes much influenced by Krenkel and St. John for five years. For some strange reason, I had been waiting until my retirement to start doing watercolors again, but 28. _____ _____ ______ I walked out of the school door for the last time, I picked up my brushes and rediscovered Andrew Wyeth, who quickly became my favorite artist.I had looked through all the art books I had on my shelves and found his watercolors to be 29. _____ (close) to how I thought good watercolors should look. So I painted landscapes around Minnesota for three years and tried out many other types of painting. However, watercolors remained my first choice, and I think I did my best work there, 30. _____ (display) my paintings at a number of art shows.It is wonderful to have some time doing 31. _____ I want to do. As Confucius once said, “At seven ty I can follow my heart’s desire.”( B )In the last decade, research 32. _____ (show) that resistance exercise can help numerous disease states, including depression. You can improve your overall health just by watching your weight and taking walks in the neighborhood. But 33. _____ you want to improve your fitness —look better, maximize health, have more energy, prevent injuries —you need to do more.In recent years, emphasis has shifted to a type of resistance training 34. _____ builds muscles used inday-to-day tasks, helping avoid injury or re-injury. 35. _____ (call) functional strength training, it helps with tasks such as lifting infants in and out of car seats or lifting garage doors. Another goal is 36. _____ (reduce) the risk factors in patients with long-term diseases such as heart disease and diabetes.“Part of my job is trying to convince that 85-year-old woman that she really 37. _____ start weight lifting. 38. _____ who need persuading are women recently treated for breast cancer.” say s Dr. Dennis Kerrigan, at Henry Ford Health System’s Center for Athletic Medicine.“Friends and family tell them, ‘Take it easy,’ but chemotherapy(化疗) can reduce muscle mass, leaving body fat that is linked to cancer returning,”he says. “My suggestion? Strength training. It’s taken a long time for women to realize 39. _____ important strength training is, but once they try it, they 40. _____ (hook).”（3）静杨青宝(A)I have to say that my mom is stricter than most parents, and I’m the kind of kid who has a lot of my own thoughts.I used to think that she’s just a picky person that likes to make things more difficult for me, so we once sat down and talked face to face trying to clarify every misunderstanding we have (25)__________ us. I (26)__________ (convince) and decided to change my attitude towards her. My mom told me that as we grow, she’s also growing, too. Every day, she learns something new about being a mom, and her knowledge of becoming a good mom gradually grows.(27)__________ time passes by, I began to realize that most of her rules, or should I say “point of view”, are really to protect us. We teenagers often think that parents are conservative(保守的), and they know nothing about us, but honestly, we’re actually still too young (28)__________ (know) what’s really best for us.Parents can be wrong sometimes because nobody’s perfect, and they may be just like my mom who is still on her way to (29)__________ (be) a perfect parent! So, to those who often argue with their parents like me: next time, when you really disagree with (30)__________ your parents say, stop and tell yourself that your parents would never try to do (31)__________ to harm you because they love you before you yell at them.Finally, I really want my mom to know how sorry I am for always yelling at her breaking her heart. I really do want to change because I love her just as much as she loves me.(B)When I was in junior high school, darkness began filling my mind. I don’t know the day or the reason why it began. All I know is that I started feeling hopeless and worthless. I hid in my room, (32)__________ (stare) outof the window, thinking about all my failures. I even questioned (33)__________ being alive was worthwhile. My dark mood wasn’t constant. It would fade at times, but it always returned.It was my parents that helped me identify the shadow (34)__________ hung over my life —depression. Depression is (35)__________ mental illness that drains your energy and prevents you from enjoying life. It can keep you from succeeding at school or work or from connecting with others. At its (36)__________ (bad), depression can even lead to suicide.When your mood is dark, how do you know whether you are depressed or just sad? Think about how long the feelings (37)__________ (last). If they have persisted for weeks or months, get help.No one (38)__________ face depression alone. If you’re depressed, find someone — a friend, parent, teacher or pastor —and tell them your feelings. Consider seeing a doctor or psychologist, if they are getting worse.When I was depressed, I was (39)__________ (embarrass) to tell anyone. I didn’t want to seem weak or needy. But when I told my friends, they supportedand encouraged me.In fact, (40)__________ depression affects many people worldwide, treatments are available and can bring hope and joy back into their life.(4)浦东(A)One night I decided to spend some time building a happier and closer relationship with my daughter. As she _______25_______ (ask) me to play chess with here, I suggested a game and she eagerly accepted. It was a school night, however, and at nine o’clock my daughter asked if I _______26_______ hurry my moves, because she needed to go to bed; she had to get up at six in the morning. I knew she had strict sleeping habits, _______27_______ I thought she ought to be able to give up some of this strictness. I said to her, “What fun it is! Why not stay up late for once.”We played on for _______28_______ fifteen minutes, during which time she looked anxious. Finally she said, “Please, Daddy, do it quickly/”“No,”I replied, “_______29_______ you want to play it well, you’re going to play it slowly.” And so we continued until suddenly my daughter burst intotears, and admitted _______30_______(beat).Clearly, I had made a mistake. I had started the evening wanting to have a happy time with my daughter but had allowed my intention to win to become more important than my relationship with my daughter. When I was a child, my desire _______31_______(win) served me well. As a parent, I realized that it got in my way. So I had to change.(B)While income worry is a rather common problem of the aged, loneliness is another problem that aged parents may face. Of all the reasons _______32_______ explain their loneliness, a large geographical distance between parents and their children is the major one. This phenomenon is commonly known as “ Empty Nest Syndrome”(空巢综合症).In order to seek _______33_______ chances outside their countries, many young people have gone abroad, _______34_______ their parents behind with no clear idea of when they will return home. Their parents spend countless lonely days and nights, taking care of themselves, in the hope that someday their children will come back to stay with them. The fact_______35_______ most of these young people have gone to Europeanized or Americanized societies makes it unlikely that they will hold as tightly to the value of duty _______36_______ they would have if they had not left their countries. Whatever the case, it has been noted that the values they hold do not necessarily match _______37_______ they actually do. This geographical and cultural distance also prevents the grown-up children from providing response_______38_______ the needs of their aged parents.The situation in which grown-up children live far away from their aged parents _______39_______(describe) as “distant parent phenomenon”, _______40_______ is common both in developed countries and in developing countries. Our society has not yet been well prepared for “ Empty Nest Syndrome”.(5) 普陀(A)Madonna：Singer/actress, born Michigan, USA, 1959Originally a dancer, she had her first popularrecord ‘Holiday’in 1983. In 1985 she began her film career and also married actor Sean Penn, but (25)____ marriage lasted less than four years. Her ‘Blond Ambition Tour’in 1990 with special clothes(26)____(design) by Jean Paul Gaultier caused much conflict. Her career took a more respectable direction, however, with the birth of her first child, Lourdes, in 1997, and her performance in the title role of Evita.Pelé：footballer, born Edson Arantes do Nascimento, Tres Coracoes, Brazil, 1940(27)____(consider) by many to be the greatest footballer of all time, he became a world star at the age of only seventeen, when Brazil first won the World Cup in Sweden. Perhaps his (28)____(great) success in his life was to win the third World Cup in Mexico in 1970. He played in four World Cup competitions, and scored over 1,200 goals in his career before finally (29)____(retire) in 1977. He (30)____(appoint) Brazilian Special Minister for Sport in 1994.Steffi Graf：tennis player, born Neckerau, Germany, 1969(31)____ Graf turned professional at the age of thirteen, she won her first major tournament in 1986 and became the world’s number one a year later. In 1988 she became the first woman since 1970 to win ‘The Grand Slam’(Wimbledon, the US, Australian and French Open tournaments). She (32)____(win) over 100 titles in her career and earned up to $20 million.(B)One in three American children now live with onlyone parent. (33)____ ____ the traditional family of Japan is strong, divorce still went up quickly between 1980 and 1995. (34)____ is more important is that the nature of the family is changing. In Sweden and Denmark, around half of all babies are now born to unmarried parents, and in the United Kingdom and France more than a third.Families are getting smaller. The average Turkish family had seven members in 1970; today it has only five. And in Spain and Italy, (35)____ families were always traditionally large, the birthrate was the lowest in the developed world in 1995. This fall in the birthrate is due to the fact that, as more women have careers, they are waiting longer and longer (36)____(start) a family. The age (37)____ ____ the average woman has her first baby is now 28 in Western Europe, and it is getting later.So the nuclear family is clearly changing, but is it in danger of (38)____(disappear) completely?The truth is (39)____ it is still too early to tell. In some countries these patterns are actually reversing. In the United States, Scandinavia and the United Kingdom,the birthrate is rising once more; and in Denmark, for example, marriage is becoming more popular again. In the United States, the divorce rate in fact fell (40)____ 10 per cent between 1980 and 1990, and it is continuing to fall.（6）徐汇松江金山(A)The California state assembly recently approved the so-called Paris Hilton bill, which prevents dogs 25______ occupying the driver’s seat in a moving vehicle. The bill passed 26______ Democrats wanted to make an example of Miss Hilton. They think she is a “little rich girl” who always gets her way; plus, her daddy is a big contributor to the Republican Party. “The judge 27______ have put her in jail for four months,” said one Democrat when Paris got only a four-day jail sentence for driving while drunk.28______ (drive) around town with her little dog Lovey hanging out the driver's window, Paris is a familiar sight throughout Los Angeles. Pictures of her and Lovey are common in newspapers and magazines.“That dog is a deadly threat to everyone on thestreets and the sidew alks,” said assembly leader Fabian Nunez. “We wrote this bill to protect the public. There’s no telling 29______ the dog might cause her to drive into a crowd of pedestrians. 30______ Paris wants to be with her dog, let her chauffeur do the driving. The state assembly is responsible for protecting people, and we take that responsibility seriously.”The assembly bill passed by a vote of 44 to 11. The state senate(参议院) 31______(expect) to approve the bill, and Governor Schwarzenegger has promised to sign it. “I love dogs,” he said, “but when it comes to 32______ (protect) the people of California, dogs will have to take a back seat.”The eleven assembly members who objected to the bill were all Republicans. “While Californians,”said Republican Tom Ridge, “are being attacked daily by murderers, rapists, and muggers, who do the Democrats protect citizens from—a 33______ (spoil) little girl and her dog!”(B)He almost killed somebody, but one minute changed his life. This beautiful story comes fromSherman Rogers’ book, Foremen: Leaders or Drivers? .In his true-life story, Rogers illustrates the importance of effective relationships. During his college years, Rogers spent 34______ summer in an Idaho(爱达荷州) logging camp. When the superintendent had to leave for a few days, he put Rogers in charge.“35______ if the men refuse to follow my orders?”Rogers asked. He thought of Tony, an immigrant worker who roared all day, giving the other men a hard time.“Fire them,”the superintendent said. Then, as if 36______ (read) Roger’s mind, he added, “I suppose you think you are going to fire Tony if you get the chance. I’d feel badly about that. I have been logging for 40 years. Tony is the most reliable worker I’ve ever had. I know he hates everybody and everything. But he comes in first and leaves last. There has not been an accident for eight years on the hill 37______ he works.”Rogers took over the next day. He went to Tony and spoke to him.“Tony, do you know I’m in charge here today?”Tony grunted（发哼声）. “I was going to fire you the first time we fought, but I want you to know I’m not,”he told Tony, adding what the superintendent 38______(say).When he finished, Tony dropped the shovelful of sand he had held and tears streamed down his face.“Why he no tell me dat eight years ago?”That day Tony worked harder than ever before --- and he smiled! He later said to Rogers, “My first foreman who ever say, ‘Good work, Tony’ and it made me feel like Christmas.”Rogers went back to school after that summer. Twelve years later he met Tony again who was now superintendent for railroad construction for one of 39______ (large) logging companies in the West. Rogers asked him how he came to California and happened to have such success.Tony replied, “If it not be for the one minute you talk to me back in Idaho, I keel somebody someday. One minute change my whole life.”Effective managers know the importance of taking a moment to point out 40______ a worker is doing well. But what a difference a minute of affirmation can make in any relationship!（7）闸北ANo trip to South Korea is complete without a visit to its fascinating theme parks. For those who assume that amusement parks are just playgrounds teeming with kids, South Korea’s theme parks are sure (25)______(change) their minds.With their charming garden plantations, hot springs and exciting rides, they offer travellers a romantic and exciting getaway. Within the appropriate driving distance from the Korean capital Seoul, there are three theme parks worth (26)______ (visit)—Lotte World, Everland and Seoul Land.Everland, the (27)______(large) theme park in South Korea, covering various areas like Festival World, Caribbean Bay and Speedway. It is such (28)______ huge park that you will have to plan in advance where you are investing your time there.Lotte World, (29)_____ designer was determined to create a wonderland for fun-seekers, consists of Lotte World Adventure, and movie theatres. You (30)______ also take part in activities such as ice-skating or bowling there.(31)______ travellers want, South Korea is there toprovide. Hop on a heart-stopping ride, amuse yourself in one of the theme parks or simply enjoy a relaxing hot spring bath. Come and visit South Korea now!BFounded by Louis Cartier in Paris France in 1847, Cartier is well known in the fashion world. It is recognized as (32)______ of the world’s most distinguished luxury brands. Most early years of Cartier (33)______(devote) to serving royal families and celebrities. King Edward VII of England referred to Cartier as “the jeweller of kings and the king of jewellers.”The company remained under family control (34)______ 1964 when an investment group bought the business.Many of Cartier’s famous products were produced (35)______ chance. In 1904, the Brazilian pioneer pilot, Alberto Santos-Dumont complained to Louis Cartier about the unreliability and impracticality of using pocket watches (36)______ flying. In result, Cartier designed a flat wristwatch named “Santos”.(37)_____ _____ _____ it was available on the market, the watch was loved by not only Alberto Santos-Dumont but also other customers. It wasn’t long (38)______ theSantos watch became the most popular men’s wristwatch then.In 1907, Cartier began to work with a businessman named Edmond Jaeger, (39)______ agreed to exclusively supply the movements for Cartier watches. By that time, Cartier (40)______(establish) branches in many cities. It was these earliest shops that witnessed Cartier’s amazing development into today’s leading jewelry and watch brand.（8）长宁嘉定(A)A boy plays away from home and fights with others. He’s defeated, gets hurt and suffers shame. If he is strong-willed, he would clench (咬紧) his teeth, making a firm fist from (25) ______ (weep) in front of others. But as soon as he returns home he would burst out crying at the first sight of his close relatives. He would be all tears pouring out his sufferings.The same is true for a strong-willed grown-up. No matter what harm he suffers he would do his best (26) ______ (conceal) his feelings, trying not to let others know how he feels. He would swallow his bitter tearsand show a smiling face at others (27) ______ ______ he didn’t care a bit. But however strong-willed he is, most probably he would cry as soon as he meets his close relative who loves him and to (28) ______ he can pour out his heart unreservedly. Not only would he weep but he’d cry his eyes out (29) ______ grief.If somebody weeps in your face —the person never of the type doing this in front of others, you’d better sit by and let him cry to (30) ______ heart’s content, for it shows you are regarded as his dearest or (31) ______ (reliable) one.It’s much better to have someone crying in your face than be met exclusively by (32) ______ smiling face. Anyone can smile at you, but very few will weep in your face, because the latter is much harder for one to do than the former.(B)Some of young soldiers who had recently joined the army were being trained in modern ways of fighting. One of the lessons they should take was (33) ______ an unarmed man could trick an armed enemy, take his weapon away and have him (34) ______ (arrest). Firstone of their two instructors took a knife away from the other, using only his bare hands, and then he took a gun away from him in the same way.After the lesson, and before they went on to train the young soldiers to do these things themselves, the two instructors asked them a number of questions to see how well they had understood what (35) ______ (show). One of the questions was this, “Well, you now know (36) ______ an unarmed man can do against a man with a gun. Imagine that you (37) ______ (guard) a bridge at eight one night, and that you have a gun. Suddenly you see an unarmed enemy soldier (38) ______ (come) towards you, and what will you do?”The young soldier who (39) ______ ______ answer this question thought carefully for a few seconds (40) ______ he answered, and then said, “Well after what I have just seen, I think that the first thing I would do would be to get rid of my gun as quickly as I could so that the unarmed enemy soldier couldn’t take it from me and kill me with it!”（9）崇明(A)Senator Jeff Flake, an adventurous politician, went on a four-day Robinson Crusoe style holiday with his two sons, (25)_____ of whom are teenagers, to a remote, uninhabited island in the North Pacific Ocean. They traveled 5,200 miles from Phoenix, Arizona to the island of Biggarenn. They didn’t carry any food or water.The island is part of the Marshall Islands. It offered no basic facilities, (26)_____ the Flakes had to catch and cook their own food and purify their water. Their diet (27)_____(make) up of coconuts (椰子), fish and other seafood. They captured the fish and other sea creatures themselves and cooked the food over an open fire (28)_____(start) with a magnifying glass (放大镜).The Flakes brought along a lobster (龙虾) trap in hopes of having some delicious treats, but it was lost within the first few hours after (29)_____(attack) by a shark. They also carried two pumps to remove salt from ocean water. It took them hours each night (30)_____ (pump) for just a small amount of fresh water.One of the most memorable moments of the trip, the father said, was (31)_____ he and his 15-year-old son were chased by sharks after catching a fish in the ocean.Still, it was quite (32)_____ enjoyable holiday for the politician. “For a dad it was a wonderful thing. No video games around, no television, no texting,” Flake recalled.(B)Count to three and rip (撕) it off as fast as you can—this is how most people remove a band-aid (创可贴). (33)_____ _____ _____ fast you do it, it’s still going to be painful. That’s for sure. Or is it?A group of American scientists from Boston have just developed a band-aid that can be taken off without causing pain, reports the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Traditional band-aids are supposed to break apart (34)_____ the skin meets the glue, which is what makes taking them off so painful. But the new band-aid has an extra layer that sits (35)_____ the glue and the backing. When you tear off the band-aid, you remove the backing and middle layers, (36)_____(leave) the glue behind. The glue (37)_____ then be simply rubbed off with one’s fingers or left to fall off naturally. Importantly, this process is pain-free.This is not the first time scientists (38)_____(try) to solve this problem. But methods they tried in the past led to band-aids that were (39)_____(sticky) and therefore didn’t stay on for long.The Boston study was first aimed at helping babies (40)_____ skin is too delicate for standard band-aids. But adults with sensitive skin might also enjoy the benefits.(10) 奉贤(A)For most people, meat is a necessary part of any meal. But just ask yourself, would you still eat it if you knew that it had come from a cloned chicken or pig?The European Food Safety Authority has, so far, found no indication（25）______ food products, such as milk and meat, from cloned animals, are less safe than ones from normal animals. However, there are still economic and ethical(伦理的) concerns related to (26) ______(eat)cloned animals.That’s (27)______the European Union has launched a proposal to ban the sale and import of food from cloned animals.First of all, cloning is extremely costly. More importantly, cloning has a low success rate. It means that many cloned animals won’t survive into adulthood, and some (28)______ die before they are even born. This causes unnecessary suffering among animals and is opposed by animal rights supporters.While it would make it illegal to sell and import cloned animals, the proposal says that (29)______sale and import of food from the offspring(后代) of clones would be allowed since they are not considered to be thedirect products of cloning. But they are required to be clearly labeled (30)____________customers can choose whether they want them or not.The proposal (31)______ (put)to the European Parliament and member states, and it is not expected to come into force until 2016.(B)California has long attracted visitors seeking fortune, fame or both. Way back in 1849, hundreds of thousands started digging (32)______gold in the great Gold Rush of California, a historical event that(33) ______ (capture) the American imagination.Nowadays, the state is the most diverse（多元化的）in the entire mainland US – both in terms of the races of its people and the languages that(34)______ speak. Thu s, California is a true example of the “melting pot”, so often (35)______(associate) with the US.But why is it(36)______ all these different types of people choose to live and work in California? You’ve probably heard of Silicon Valley. Located outside of San Francisco in northern California, it is home to many of the world’s most successful technology companies. (37) ______ you ever send texts on an iPhone, e-mail with Yahoo, search on Google or edit pictures with Photoshop, then you have Silicon Valley to thank.But it’s not just electronic innovation that inspires people to move to California. Another major draw is one of (38)______ (old)American dreams — the chance (39)______ (become) a movie or TV star. People (40) ______ visit California get a special rush from going to Mount Lee in Santa Monica and seeing the famous Hollywood sign, a lasting symbol of the American film and television industries.(11)闵行(A)。
2014上海市各区高三英语二模整理汇编【阅读回答问题】
2014上海市各区高三英语二模整理汇编【阅读回答问题】（1）虹口“There is a senseless concept that children grow up and leave home when they are 18, and the truth is far from that,” says sociologist Larry Bumpass of the University of Wisconsin. Today, unexpected numbers of young adults are living with their parents.Analysts raised a variety of reasons for this return to the nest. One important reason is that the marriage age is rising, a condition that makes home and its pleasantness particularly attractive to young people, which is second to skyrocketing housing costs to which young people find their wings attached. Besides, a high divorce rate and a declining remarriage rate are sending economically pressed and emotionally hurt survivors back to parental shelters. For some, the expense of an away-from-home college education has become so great that many students now attend local schools.Living at home, says Knighton, a school teacher, continues to give her security and moral support. Her mother agreed, “It is ridiculous for the kids to pay all that money for rent. It makes sense for kids to stay at home.” But sharing the family home requires adjustments for all. There are the quarrels over bathrooms, telephones and privacy. Some families, however, manage the delicate balancing act. But for others, it proves too difficult. Michelle Del Turco, 24, has been home three times —and left three times. “What I considered a social drink, my dad considered an alcohol problem,” she explains. “He neve r liked anyone I dated, so I either had to hide away to meet them at friends? houses.”It is really hard to say how long adult children should live with their parents before moving on. Nevertheless, it is commonly recognized that lengthy homecomings are a mistake and they accidentally destroy the advantage of brief visits that will strengthen the relationship between parents and children. Children, struggling to establish separate identities, can end up with “a sense of inadequacy, defeat and failure.” And aging parents, who should be enjoying some financial and personal freedom, find themselves stuck with responsibilities, which is definitely a stress for them.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. What?s t he most important reason for young adults? returning to the nest?79. Knighton enjoys living at home due to ________.80. What has resulted in the Michelle Del Turco?s unhappy experience with her dad?81. From the passage, we can conclude it is ________ that benefit(s) both adult children and their parents to avoid lengthy homecomings.（2）黄浦Travelers arriving at Heathrow airport this year have been met by the smell of freshly-cut grass, pumped from a corner through an “aroma box”, a machine which blows warm, sweet-smelling air into the environment.Heathrow?s move into “sensory” marketing is the latest in a long line of attempts by businesses to use sensory psychology —the scientific study of the effects of the senses on our behavior to help sell products. Marketing people call this “atmosphere” —using smell s to influence consumer behavior. On Valentine?sDay two years ago, the chain of chemist?s Superdog scented one of its London shops with chocolate. “Chocolate is associated with l ove, ” said a marketing spokeswoman, “We thought it would get people in the mood for romance.” She did not reveal, though, whether the smell actually made people spend more money.However, research into customer satisfaction with certain scented products has clearly shown that smell does have a commercial effect, though of course it must be an appropriate smell. In a survey, customers considered a lemon-scented detergent(洗涤剂) more effective than another scented with coconut despite the fact that thedetergent used in both was similar. On the other hand, a coconut-scented sun cream was rated more effective than a lemon-scented one. A research group from Washington University reported that the smell of mint or orange sprayed in a store resulted in customers rating the store as more modern and more pleasant for shopping than other stores without the smell. Customers also rated the goods on sale as better, and expressed a stronger intention to visit the store again in the future.Writers and poets have often described the powerful effects of smell on our emotion, and smell is often considered to be the sense most likely to recall emotion-filled memories. Perhaps the reason is because smells are very difficult to give a name to. The fact that smell is invisible, and thus somehow more mysterious, may partly explain its reputation as our most emotional sense.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. What is the function of “aroma box” at Heathrow airport?79. The example of “coconut-scented detergent” and “coconut-scented sun cream” is used to show that__________.80. __________ is of help for the store to leave a better impression on customers.81. What is one of the reasons why smell is considered the most emotional sense?（3）静杨青宝Not for the first time, Paul Mathis wants us to change. But this time he isn?t trying to get us to go vegetarian, or dine only on locally grown ingredients. This time he?s trying to get us to type differently.Paul Mathis, a restaurateur from Melbourne who owns a string of dining establishments, has designed the letter “?” —representing the word “the”. Now he is pushing Apple to allow him to promote his app, which features the new character, in its iTunes store.In a move to branch out of the food business, Paul has invested AUS $38,000 (￡23,500) in the new app, but has so far been rejected by Apple. He is hoping he can change their mind, pointing out that reducing the word “the” — the most used word in the English language —to one character would be helpful for Twitter and swift typing.“Is this important?” he said, in an interview with The Sydney Morning Herald. “No. Is this going to change the world? Not really. But is it something that might be useful for people? I think so, because it can sa ve people lots of time on keyboard.”“The word …and? is only the fifth-most used word in English and it has its own symbol —the ampersand …&?,” said Mr. Mathis. “Isn?t it time we gave the same respect to …the??”The top five most commonly used words in the English language are said to be: the, be, to, of, and “and”. The ampersand “&” has at times been used as the 27th letter of the English alphabet.Paul has developed the typography — effectively an upper-case “T” and a lower-case “h” bunc hed together so they share the upright stem — and an app that puts it in everyone?s hand by allowing users to download an entirely new electronic keyboard complete not just with his symbol but also a row of keys of 15 most frequently typed words.So far, though, the take-up has been minimal. But that might change if he can get his innovation into Apple?s app store. The problem is, the Californian tech giant has so far resisted his advances. But who knows — maybe in 500 years? time people will be amazed that there was a tim e when we didn?t use …??.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS)78. What is Paul Mathis?________________________________________________________________ __________79. Paul designs the new letter “?” to repres ent the word “the” because he thinks________________________________________________________________ __________.80. The main difference between the new and the old electronic keyboard is that the new one________________________________________________________________ __________.81. How can Paul attract more people to download his new keyboard?________________________________________________________________ __________(4)浦东Now many people strive to be a follower of the LOHAS movement. LOHAS means “lifestyles of health and sustainability.” This term was coined in 2000 by two American scholars.Loha sians believe in leading a healthy lifestyle that is actively involved in preserving the earth?s environment and resources. According to Lohasians, respect for on?e own mental and physical health should exist in parallel with care for the earth?s ecology. They believe their actions, in this way, can have a positive effect on our global environment, and might be able to minimize the negative effects of people?s mindless and selfish consumption.Take organic foods for example. Lohasians prefer them,not only because they are chemical-free and good for the human body, but also because they are cultivated using natural fertilizers, which do not harm the soil. Even more Lohasians turn to locally grown produce, the transportation of which consumes far less than that of imported goods. As global warming has become a universal concern, Lohasians are anxious to find ways to cut down on energy consumption.Indeed, Lohasians are always considering the long-term impact of their behavior on the planet. As more consumers are adopting LOHAS values, this growing trend has dawned on the corporate world and they begin to practice responsible capitalism, which means providing goods and services using environmentally friendly and economically sustainable business practices. For instance, Coca-Cola?s effo rts in the area of sustainable packaging focus mainly on “using and reduce itsimpact on the environment. As a result, the company saved 89,000 metric tons of glass in 2007 alone, and, therefore, reduced carbon dioxide emissions to a level equivalent to that of the planting of more than 13,000 acres of trees.Clearly, LOHAS values have become a significant trend in the world today. Individ ual or corporate “cultural creatives”are promoting these values by challenging old traditions and habits, and building new lifestyles. Although whether these practices will bring immediate benefits to the environment and the health of people today remains unknown, Lohasians are confident that these practices will benefit their children and future generations. All individuals should evolve into Lohasians and take action to save the planet, before it is too late.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.)78. Lohasians are convinced that through their responsible actions, _____________________ might be reduced toa minimum.79. Why is locally grown produce favoured by Lohasians?80. Consumers? growing trend of LOHAS values has inspired companies to _____________________________ __________.81. In terms of their practices, Lohasians are not sure of _____________________________________________.(5) 普陀All of us exist in …bodies? of different shapes, heights, colors and physical abilities. The main reasons for the differences are genetic, and the fact that people?s bodies change as they age. However, a huge range of research indicates that there are social factors too.Poorer people are more likely to eat …unhealthy? food s, tosmoke cigarettes and to be employed in physically difficult work or the opposite: boring, inactive employment. Moreover, their housing conditions and neighbourhoods tend to be worse. All of these factors impact upon the condition of a person?s health: the physical shapes of bodies are strongly influenced by social factors.These social factors are also closely linked to emotional wellbeing. People with low or no incomes are morelikely to have mental health problems. It is not clear, however, whether poverty causes mental illness, or whether it is the other way around. For example, certain people with mental health issues may be at risk of becoming homeless, just as a person who is homeless may have an increased risk of illnesses such as depression.There are other types of social factors too. Bodies are young or old, short or tall, big or small, weak or strong. Whether these judgments matter and whether they are positive or negative depends on the cultural and historical context. In fact, the culture of different societies promote very different valuations of body shapes. What is considered as attractive or ugly, normal or abnormal varies enormously. Currently, for example, in rich societies the idea of slimness is highly valued, but historically this was different. In most societies the ideal body shape for a woman was a …full figure?, while in middle-aged man, a large stomach indicated that they were financially successful in life.Sociologists are suggesting that we should not just view bodies and minds in biological terms, but also in social terms. The physical body and what we seek to do with it change over time and society. This has important implications for medicine and ideas of health. Thus, the idea of people being …overweight?is physically related to large amounts of processed food, together with lack of exercise, and is therefore a medical issue. However, it has also become a mental health issue and social problem as a result of people coming to define this particular body shape as …wrong? and unhealthy.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. Besides social factors, what are the other two reasons for differences in bodies?79. The social factors are likely to have a great effect on people?s ______ and ______.80. Valuations of body shapes change with ______.81. The “This” in the last paragraph refers to ______.（6）徐汇松江金山Space Travel and Science FictionSpace travel and science fiction have long been connected. Early science fiction writers such as Jules Verne inspired scientists and engineers to develop new space technologies. Writers of science fiction, as well as creators of science fiction TV shows and movies, often study the latest scientific concepts and use or adapt them to help expose what future space travel, space ships, and space stations might look like. And while many of their predictions have come true, many others have not.Jules Verne (1828-1905) was a French author. He was a pioneer of science fiction. In his novels From the Earth to the Moon(1865) and Around the Moon(1870), a kind of space ship is fired from a 900-foot-long cannon(大炮) at the moon. On their journey, the three travelers are deprived of gravity at one point and float around their small ship. When landing on the moon, rockets are used to slow the ship down.Given the year in which he was writing, Verne?s predictions were v ery good. The size of his space ship is about the size of the first one to go to the moon, the Apollo, minus its large rockets. Both Verne?s ship and the Apollo carried three people into space. Furthermore, rockets were indeed used by the Apollo to slow its descent. However, Verne?s ship, by analogy(相似) with a gun, shot his travelers into space, which never could have worked. The intense pressure of such an event would cause great physiological damage to the crew.During the first half of the 20th century, science fiction novels and comic books were widely distributed in the United States. Their portrayal(描写) of space travel was less far-fetched than Verne?s. Pictures began showing astronauts in space suits, as writers realized that exposure of human beings to space was deadly. Ideas of other planets were still often wrong, though. A 1928 drawing of the surface of a moon of the planet Jupiter shows it covered in plant life. Only later was it discovered that other than Earth, the planets and moons around our sun are without life as we know it. Drawings in the early 20th century showed very large space ships and stations. They were like floating cities. Writers at the time knew that trips to other stars would take hundreds of years. Those who left Earth would die on the journey; their descendants would arrive. Some writers avoided this problem by usingthe concept of suspended animation—a deep sleep in which a person doesn't grow older. Such travelers would awaken at the end of their journey, hundreds of years in the future. It is not impossible that these ideas could become reality one day.After the American space program had begun, the television show Star Trek became very popular. It follows the adventures ofa large space ship with over 400 crew members that flies around the universe at speeds faster than light. This is a wonderful dream, but it will probably never come to fulfillment. The laws of physics tell us that it is quite impossible for any object to travel faster than the speed of light.It?s clear to see that science fiction has progressed along with science and technology. Science fiction writers continue to study scientific concepts and to use them to portray the future. Looking back at their ideas, some were correct and cannot be distinguished from today?s reality; many others were nothing but fiction. But, they have always inspired new generations of humans to dream of someday going into space.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in No More Than Twelve Words.)78.According to the passage, what did early science fiction writers do to help reveal what future space travelmight look like?79.If the modern spaceship were shot into space by analogy with a gun, the astronauts in it would___________________________.80.The space travelers in early science fictions didn?t wear space suits, because___________________________________________________.81.According to the passage, suspended animation was a concept used in science fiction to_______________________________（7）闸北In North America, the Colorado（科罗拉多）River is a legend. It has sustained generations of people and many generations of wildlife. Once free, the Colorado now has many dams along its1,450 miles. Its life-giving water is divided up among seven U.S. states according to several agreements, which has caused the heaviest hit on the eco-balance of the river as no region would lose advantages compared with neighbours in the use of the river, thus inappropriate use was well expected.The Colorado once supported a vast delta（三角洲）where it met the Gulf of California. T oday the lush plantations are just memories, displaced by invasive species capable of surviving in soils poisoned by salt. The drying of the delta has huge effect on the local people. As many as 5,000 people were living in the delta 400 years ago. Today, about 300 remain. There is a delta culture at risk of extinction, partly owing to outside job opportunities and marital mobility. However, the worsening living environment caused partly by horrible grab of the waters of the Colorado River has beaten all the other reasons.It?s easy to blame farmers along the Colorado for drawing waters from its channel to water their crops or quench the thirst of their cows. They are immediate consumers of water from the Colorado, but the truth is that we, ordinary American consumers, are all at least partially responsible. Many of us have bought products that come from the region, whether in the form of paper, hamburgers, or electronics. We live in an increasingly connected world, in which we take up “virtual water” in the form of products and even services. In the U.S., we use twice as much water per person as the global average.Though it may seem to work in the short term, we can barely fix the Colorado by piping water from another place. But change is urgent. Use a water calculator to see how much water you use every day. Pay special attention to saving every drop of water hidden in your diet and wardrobe. And keep away from life stylesthat might waste water. In all, try to form a water-efficient habit.Besides, technology improvement will also be explored to make change happen in the rescue efforts. These technologies include methods to increase farming efficiency, and ways to replace invasive, water-sucking plants with native species.Anyway, it?s time we humans rose up and repaid the mother river that has long been nurturing us.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. What is the biggest factor to damage the Colorado nature?79. The major reason of the Delta culture disappearance is _____.80. Who are the two groups of people to blame for Colorado water shortage?81. Two ways to turn around the Colorado situation are to ______.（8）长宁嘉定For decades, a small percentage of homeowners have been installing solar panels (嵌板) on their rooftops. Those panels collect solar energy and change it into electricity. Until recently, the panels were too expensive for average homeowners, and their designs were anything but appealing. Thanks to new advances, however, solar panels for homes are becoming cheaper and less awkward, causing more homeowners to consider installing them.Last fall furniture seller IKEA began selling solar panels in its U.K. stores. Of course, home improvement stores such as Home Depot have been selling panels for a while. But the initiative by IKEA is seen as a way to bring the Do It Yourself solar option tothe masses. While shopping for inexpensive furniture, shoppers could add a box or two of solar panels to their carts. IKEA is partnering with a company that handles installation and servicing of the panels, making the switch to solar easy for customers. If all goes well, IKEA plans to begin selling the panels in other countries soon.SolTech, a Swedish tech company, offers a solar-power solution that is much more pleasing to the eye than traditional solar panels. Instead of flat panels, SolTech offers a glass tile(瓦片) solution that goes well with existing tiled roof designs. The see-through tiles have a silver-gray color to them, and their shape fits traditional tiled roof designs. SolTech currently offers the solar systems that heat the home?s air or water and one solar PV system that produces electricity.New Energy Technologies, Inc. is developing a solar application that won?t be installed on rooftops. Instead, the first-of-its-kind SolarWindow TM technology enables see-through windows to produce electricity in the way of showering their glass surfaces with the company?s patent-pending (专利申请中的) electricity-producing coatings. Amazingly, SolarWindow TM can produce electricity in low-light conditions and can even turn indoor light into electricity! This product holds great promise for commercial buildings since about 60 percent of a commercial building?s surface is covered with windows.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. Solar panels on homeowners? rooftops work by __________.79. What is IKEA doing to popularize their DIY solar option?80. SolTech?s solar panels are prettier because the see-through glass tiles are __________.81. How is SolarWindow TM technology used to produce electricity?（9）崇明How many hours do you spend sitting in a chair every day? Eight hours in the office plus three hours in front of the TV after work is the usual situation for many people.You probably don?t need an expert to tell you that sitting too much is not good for your health —from an increased risk of heart disease and obesity (肥胖) in the long term, to reduced cholesterol (胆固醇) maintenance in the short term, not to mention the pressure on your neck and spine (脊柱).To make matters worse, a growing body of research suggests that the negative effects of sitting too much cannot be countered with a good diet and regular exercise, according to an article in The New York Times. Thearticle reported that a study of nearly 9, 000 Australians found that for each additional hour of television a person watched per day, the risk of dying rose by 11 percent. In other words, sitting is killing us.Stand up for health. Health experts suggest we break up those many hours spent sitting with more hours spent standing.The BBC and the University of Chester in the UK conducted a simple experiment with a small group of 10 volunteers who usually spent most of the day sitting. They were asked to stand for at least three hours a day. The researchers took measurements on days when the volunteers stood, and when they sat around. When they looked at the data, there were some striking differences. Blood sugar became level after a meal much quicker on the days when the volunteers in the study stood compared with the days they spent in a chair. Standing alsoburned more calories (热量单位：卡路里)—about 50 calories an hour. Over the course of a year that would add up to about 30, 000 extra calories, or around 3.63 kilograms of fat.John Buckley, a member of the research team, said that although doing exercise offers many proven benefits, our bodies also need the constant, almost imperceptible (感觉不到的) increase in muscle activity that standing provides. Simple movement helps us to keep our all-important blood sugar under control.The researchers believe that even small adjustments, like standing while talking on the phone, going over to talk to a colleague rather than sending an e-mail, or simply taking the stairs instead of the elevator, will help.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. Accordi ng to the context, the underlined expression “be countered with” in Paragraph 3 can best be replaced by “________”.79. The two findings of the simple experiment conducted by the BBC and the University of Chester in the UK arethat standing _________.80. Why is standing better than doing exercise according to John Buckley?81. What does the passage mainly want to tell us?(10) 奉贤Do you melt at the creaminess of full-fat yogurt? Well, chances are you?ve been told to resist the temptation if you?re on a diet. The reason behind this seems pretty straightforward: The extra calories packed into the fat are bad for our waistlines.But what if dairy fat isn?t the dietary evil we believe it is? Infact, two recent studies have concluded that the consumption of whole-fat dairy is linked to reduced body fat.In one paper, published by Swedish researchers in Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, middle-aged men who consumed high-fat milk, butter and cream were significantly less likely to become too fat over a period of 12 years compared with men who never or rarely ate high-fat dairy.The second study, published in the European Journal of Nutrition, is an analysis of 16 other studies. There has been an assumption that high-fat dairy foods contribute to overweight, but the reviewers concluded that the evidence does not support this assumption. In fact, the reviewers found that in most of the studies, high-fat dairy was associated with a lower risk of overweight.It?s not clear what might explain this phen omenon. Some researchers point to the satiety (饱腹感) factor. The higher levels of fat in whole milk products may make us feel fuller, faster. And as a result, the thinking goes, we may end up eating less.Or the explanation could be more complex. “There ma y be bioactive substances in the milk fat that may be altering our metabolism (新陈代谢) in a way that helps us use the fat and burn it for energy, rather than storing it in our bodies,” says Greg Miller, executive vice president of America?s National Dairy Cou ncil.Whatever the mechanism, this association between higher dairy fat and lower body weight appears to hold up in children, too. And in addition to the body weight association, whole milk contains beneficial omega3 fatty acids.However, some people should still avoid consuming too much whole-milk dairy products. These products are relativelyhigh in saturated fat (饱和脂肪), and eating too much saturated fat can increase the risk of heart disease. So many experts agree that adults with high cholesterol (胆固醇) should continue to limit dairy fat.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.)78. Why are dieters told to stay away from full-fat dairy products?_____________________________________________________________.79. Both studies came to the same conclusion that _____________.80. Besides the satiety factor, what might help explain the new findings?______________________________________________________________.81. Experts still agree that full-fat dairy products may not be good for those who _____________.(11)闵行By almost any measure, there is a boom in Internet-based instruction. In just a few years, 34 percent of American universities have begun offering some form of distance learning (DL), and among the larger schools, it?s close to 90 percent. If you doubt the popularity of the trend, you probably haven?t heard of the University of Phoenix. It grants degrees entirely on the basis of online instruction. It enrolls 90,000 students, a statistic used to support its claim to be the largest private university in the country.While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, DL usually indicates a course in which the instructors post syllabi (课程大纲), reading assignment, and schedules on websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail. Generally。
上海市虹口区2014届高三12月月考练习英语试题(A卷)及答案
虹口区2013学年度第一学期高三年级英语分层练习(A卷)考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1—9页）和第Ⅱ卷（第10页），全卷共10页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Kate. B. Anna. C. Jane. D. Mary.2. A. 2:05. B. 1:55. C. 1:45. D. 2:15.3. A. Malaysia. B. Korea. C. Japan. D. Singapore.4. A. A doctor. B. A professor. C. A guide. D. A businessman.5. A. She hasn’t a dictionary. B. She is not sure how to read the word.C. She has looked the word up in the dictionary.D. She is going to buy a dictionary.6. A. To live in the country. B. To live in a big city alone.C. To live with her parents.D. To live in a big city.7. A. Buying another bicycle. B. Buying a used bicycle.C. Buying a new bicycle.D. Not buying a bicycle.8. A. There’s something wrong with the bus. B. He’s in the hospital.C. It’s going in the wrong direction.D. He missed the bus.9. A. Please sit down. B. She doesn’t want the man to sit with her.C. She’ll mind if he sits down.D. It doesn’t matter whether he sits down or not.10. A. To draw a picture. B. To open the window.C. To look at somebody.D. To take a photo with the camera.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Freezing. D. Wet.12. A. Two to four feet. B. Three feet. C. Seven feet. D. Two to three feet.13. A. A gallery. B. An exhibit. C. A device. D. A Coffee Shop.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A certificate. B. A sofa. C. A visit to a dog hotel. D. A spa (水疗).15. A. By reviewing a vet’s certificate. B. By collecting information from witnesses.C. By checking the photographs.D. All of the above.16. A. Because she is dying. B. Because she is too old to move forward.C. Because she suffers from joint problems.D. Because she usually has spa at home.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)After the birth of my second child, I got a job at a restaurant. Having worked with _____25_____ experienced waitress for a few days, I was allowed to wait tables on my own. Allwent well that first week. When Saturday night came, I _____26_____ (give) the tables not far from the kitchen. However, I still felt it a little hard to carry the heavy trays(托盘).The restaurant was full of people _____27 _____I could realize that. I moved slowly, and minded every step. I remember how happy I was when I saw the tray stand near the tables; It had nice handles, _____28_____ (make) it easier to move around. I was pleased with everything and began to believe I was a natural at this job.Then, an old man came to me and said, “Excuse me, dear, my wife and I loved watching you work. _____29_____ seems that your tray stand has been very useful to you, but we are getting ready to leave now, and my wife _____30_____ wait to take her walker back.”At first his message did not get across. “What was he talking about!”Then, I got it. I _____31_____(set) my trays on his wife’s orthopedic walker(助步器). My face was on fire. I wanted to get into a hole and hide.Since then, I’ve learned that sometimes there’s no point _____32_____ (be) too sure of myself.(B)There are a variety of techniques used to bring about success in selling. Here are the most important ones _____33_____ are often mentioned by successful salespeople.•Find out _____34_____ your customers’real wants and needs are. Listen as they tell you their favours.•Know all about your product and what it can do for your customers. Product knowledge is a “must”in personal selling because it creates confidence, builds enthusiasm, and makes the situation more professional. Lay emphasis on the unique advantage of your product _____35_____ others.•Take a confident attitude in selling your product. It is _____36_____(effective) when the salesperson says, “May I help you?”than when he or she says “You wouldn’t like to see our model, _____37_____you?”•Prepare yourself _____38_____(deal) with objections. If the customer says the price is too high, you might reply, “Yes, the price may be a little higher than _____39_____(plan). However, actually, you will save money _____40_____ high quality of this product.”Don’t disagree with your customer in any case when he or she says the price is too high.•Use praise wisely.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Television watching is an activity which is known to be harmful to health and is distinct fromgetting too little exercise. But a new study suggests its damaging effects may even _____41_____ alongside those from smoking and obesity(肥胖). Researchers who studied television viewing habits in Australia calculated that people who watch for a(n) _____42_____ of six hours a day shorten their life expectancy(预期寿命) by almost five years.They based their calculations on data on the _____43 _____between television viewing and death from the Australian obesity and lifestyle study which involved 11,000 adults aged 25 and over. Applying these findings to the whole population over 25, who are estimated to have watched 9.8 billion hours of TV in 2008, they concluded that it _____44_____ for 286,000 years of life lost — equivalent to 22 minutes for each hour watched. By _____45_____, smoking one cigarette is estimated to shorten life expectancy by 11 minutes — equivalent to half an hour of TV watching.Writing in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, the authors from the University of Queensland, say the figures suggest “huge loss of life may be _____46_____ with too much TV viewing.” The UK and other industrialized countries are likely to be similarly affected “given the typically large amounts of time spent watching TV and the similarities in disease patterns.” The researchers add: “If these figures are_____47_____ and shown to reflect a cause and effect relationship, TV viewing is a public health problem comparable in size to established behavioral risk factors.”Researchers from Taiwan University found even those who did as little as 92 minutes’exercise a week —equivalent to 15 minutes a day for six days a week —reduced their _____48_____ of death by 14 per cent. Even this small amount of exercise could _____49_____ one in six of all deaths —similar to the effects of a stop-smoking programme. Each _____50_____ 15 minutes a day reduced the death rate by a further 4 per cent.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.To understand how Americans think about things, it is necessary to understand “the point”. Americans mention it often: “Let’s get right to the point”, they will say: “My point is …”“What’s the point of all this?”The “point”is the _____51_____ or piece of information that Americans suppose is, or should be, _____52_____ of people’s thinking, writings, and spoken comments. Speakers and writers are supposed to ”make their points clear”, _____53_____ that they are supposed to say or write clearly the idea or piece of information they wish to _____54_____.People from many other cultures have different ideas about the _____55_____. Africans traditionally tell stories that express the _____56_____ they have in mind, rather than stating out “the point”clearly. Japanese traditionally speak _____57_____, leaving the listener to _____58_____ what the point is. _____59_____, while an American might say to a friend, “I don’t think that coat goes very well with the rest of your outfit”, a Japanese might say, “Maybe another coat would look even _____60_____ than the one you have on.”Americans _____61_____ a person who “gets right to the point”. Japanese are likely to consider such a person lacking thoughtfulness and sympathy if not _____62_____.The Chinese and Japanese languages are characterized by vagueness and ambiguity(模棱两可). The precision and directness Americans associate with “the point” cannot be _____63_____, at least not with any grace, in Chinese and Japanese. Speakers of those languages thus have to _____64_____ a new way of reasoning and expressing their ideas _____65_____ they are going to communicate satisfactorily with Americans.51. A. word B. idea C. place D. time52. A. at the center B. on the basis C. on the part D. beyond the reach53. A. thinking B. explaining C. meaning D. stating54. A. discuss B. remember C. express D. criticize55. A. point B. information C. reasons D. feelings56. A. comments B. meanings C. secret D. thought57. A. frankly B. indirectly C. reluctantly D. truly58. A. figure out B. search for C. make up D. look over59. A. Otherwise B. However C. Moreover D. Thus60. A. tighter B. better C. thicker D. longer61. A. value B. forgive C. punish D. insult62. A. sensitive B. foolish C. rude D. loyal63. A. corrected B. achieved C. changed D. explained64. A. learn B. consider C. suggest D. decide65. A. although B. because C. until D. ifSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When you are little, it’s not hard to believe you can change the world. I remember my enthusiasm when, at the age of 12, I addressed the delegates at the Rio Earth Summit. “I am only a child,” I told them. “Yet I know that if all the money spent on war was spent on ending poverty and finding environmental answers, what a wonderful place this would be. In school you teach us not to fight with others, to work things out, to respect others, to clean up our mess, not to hurt other creatures, to share, not to be greedy. Then why do you go out and do the thing you tell us not to do? You grown-ups say you love us, but I challenge you, please, to make your actions reflect your words.”I spoke for six minutes and received a standing ovation. Some of the delegates even cried. I thought that maybe I had reached some of them, that my speech might actually spur(激励) action. Now, a decade from Rio, after I’ve sat through many more conferences, I’m not sure what has been accomplished. My confidence in the people in power and in the power of an individual’s voice to reach them has been deeply shaken.When I was little, the world was simple. But as a young adult, I’m learning that as we have to make choices —education, career, lifestyle —life gets more and more complicated. We are beginning to feel pressure to produce and be successful. We are taught that economic growth is in progress, but aren’t taught how to pursue a happy, healthy or sustainable(可持续的) way of living.And we are learning that what we wanted for the future when we were 12 was ideal and innocent.Today I’m no longer a child, but I’m worried about what kind of environment my children will grow up in. I know change is possible, because I am changing, still figuring out what I think. I am still deciding how to live my life. The challenges are great, but if we accept individual responsibility and make sustainable choices, we will rise to the challenges, and we will become part of the positive tide of change.66. The purpose of what the writer said at the age of 12 was to _____.A. end poverty and make school beautifulB. find environmental answers and keep the words that they always told themselvesC. end poverty and solve the problems about environmentD. find a wonderful place and clean it up67. What does the underlined word “ovation” in the second paragraph refer to _____.A. a long period of laughingB. a warm welcomeC. an expression used for greetingD. a long period of clapping and applause68. It becomes clear that the writer is possibly _____ now.A. in his teensB. in his twentiesC. in his thirtiesD. in his forties69. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. the writer thinks what he thought at the age of 12 is mature.B. the writer’s children will certainly live in an ideal environment.C. the writer’s confidence in the people in power has deeply shaken their voice.D. the writer’s belief does not change when he grows up.(B)70. Zeo is a revolution in the science of sleep mainly because it _____.A. can record one’s sleep processB. is the first product to manage one’s sleepC. is free of medical risksD. provides access to sleep fitness websites71. What is the most remarkable feature of Zeo?A. Its direct contact with sleep scientists.B. Its individualized coaching program.C. Its effectiveness in curing sleep disorders.D. Its immediate analysis of sleep data.70. What customer service does Zeo provide?A. Cheap online tools.B. A 30-day action plan.C. Personalized bedside display.D. Free delivery of the product.71. The passage is primarily written to _____.A. encourage people to try the new productB. instruct people how to use a new toolC. provide the latest health informationD. illustrate the importance of good sleep habit(C)Although websites such as Facebook and MySpace experienced rapid growth during the middle of the first decade of the 21st century, some users remain unaware of the fact that the information they post online can come back to haunt them. First, employers can monitor employees who maintain a blog, photo diary, or website. Employers can look for controversial(引起争议的) employee opinions, sensitive information disclosures, or wildly inappropriate conduct. For example, a North Carolina newspaper fired one of its features writers after she created a blog on which she wrote about the strange things of her job and coworkers without signing her real name.The second unintended use of information from social networking websites is employers who check on prospective employees. A June 11, 2006 New York Times article reported that many companies use search engines and social networking websites such as MySpace, Xanga, and Facebook to conduct background checks on college campuses. Although the use of MySpace or Google to check a student’s background is somewhat unsettling to many undergraduates, the Times noted that the use of Facebook is especially shocking to students who believe that Facebook is limited to current students and recent alum(校友).Corporate employers are not the only people interested in college students’ lives. The third unintended use of social networking websites is college administrators who monitor the Internet — especially Facebook — for student bad behavior. For example, a college in Boston’s Back Bay expelled (除名) its student Government Association President for joining a Facebook group highly critical of a campus police sergeant. In addition, fifteen students at a state university in North Carolina faced charges in court for underage drinking because of photos that appeared on Facebook.Although more users of websites such as Facebook are becoming aware of the potential dangers of online identities, many regular users still fail to take three basic security precautions(警惕). First, only make your information available to a specific list of individuals whom you approve. Second, regularly search for potentially harmful information about yourself that may have been posted by mistake or by a disgruntled(不满的) former associate. Third, never post obviously offensive material under your name or on your page, because, despite the best precautions, this material will likely make its way to the wider world. By taking these simple steps, members of the digital world can realize the many benefits of e-community without experiencing some of the damaging unintended consequences.74. The main purpose of the passage is to _____.A. explain the growth of the digital world from the view of privacyB. discuss the risks of the digital world and suggest ways to protect yourselfC. propose steps Facebook, MySpace, and Google can take to protect user privacyD. illustrate potential unintended uses of private information75. The writer implies that users should take all of the following actions to protect their online privacy EXCEPT _____.A. know to whom you make your online information availableB. actively hunt for damaging information posted about you or under your nameC. speak with employers to inform them of any misinformation published about youD. avoid uploading information that would be extremely damaging if it were discovered76. According to the passage, which of the following does the author imply?A. Information obtained unwillingly from the Internet is permitted in court.B. It is impossible to protect yourself from unintended uses of information online.C. Even if you restrict who can view your data, the government may still access it.D. Done properly, posting offensive information about oneself brings no risk.77. In the last paragraph the author mainly _____.A. offers detailed examples to support previous viewpointsB. further explores the ill-effects of the Internet on the protection of privacyC. summarizes the points of the above paragraphsD. provides suggestions to overcome the previously mentioned problemsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.New technology links the world as never before. Our plant has shrunk. It’s now a “global village” where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills.Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern business people who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modern markets, success overseas often help support domestic business efforts.Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “out of sight and out of mind.”He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company’s plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad. If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more prevalent(流行的).Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets.English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isn’t generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal.The employee posted abroad who speaks the country’s principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employer at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN SIX WORDS.)78. In this passage, “out of sight and out of mind”in paragraph 3 probably means ________________.79. What is the author’s attitude toward high-tech communications equipment?80. According to the passage, what is an important consideration of international corporations inemploying people today?81. The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can __________________.第II卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 不努力我们是很容易落伍的。
【解析版】上海市虹口区2014年中考二模英语试卷
A ． need B． must C． should D． may
10．There is little ________ in the fridge ． Let ’ s go to the market to buy som．e
2014 年上海市虹口区初三二模英语试卷（带解析）
一、单选题（共 20 小题） 1．She is so helpful that she is always ready to help people in trouble ． Which of the following is
correctfor the underlined word in the sentence ？
6．We were all ________ favor of this plan after we discussed for about two hours ．
A ． at B． in C． to D ． on
7．When the father heard from his son from abroad ， he became ________．
A ． exciting B ． happily C． happiness D． excited
8．JD． com is one of ________ shopping websites in China ．
A ． large B ．larger C． largest D． the largest
Sunday．
A ． is finished B． had been finished C． was finished D． will be finished
2014上海虹口区高考英语二模试题(附答案)2014上海虹口区高考英语二模试题(附答案)
虹口区2014年英语学科高考练习题2014.4 考生注意:1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1—10页）和第Ⅱ卷（第11页），全卷共11页。
第I卷第1-16小题、第41-77小题为选择题，答题必须涂在答题纸上，第I卷第17-40小题、第78-81小题和第II卷的答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I 卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A carpenter. B. A doctor. C. An electrician. D. An editor.2. A. $40. B. $30. C. $20. D. $10.3. A. Confused. B. Sympathetic. C. Embarrassed. D. Uninterested.4. A. Leave right away. B. Stay for dinner. C. Catch a train. D. Have a meeting.5. A. He believes that Jack will sell his house. B. He believes that Jack is joking.C. He disagrees with Jack.D. He believes that Jack will quit his job.6. A. There won’t be enough cups left. B. They’ve got plenty of cups.C. They’re buying what they need.D. They’ve got enough food for the picnic.7. A. Jerry really wants the scholarship. B. No one wants the scholarship.C. Jerry isn’t interested in the scholarship.D. Others like the scholarship more than Jerry.8. A. He did better than expected. B. He failed the maths exam.C. He used to be a top student.D. He answered only 10% of the questions.9. A. He rarely receives letters from home. B. He is expecting a letter from abroad.C. He wrote to his family last month.D. He is anxious to go back home.10. A. He’s afraid to take exams.B. He only took the fourth exam.C. H e isn’t the only one who was graded.D. He didn’t get the highest score on one exam.Section BDirections: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Because they usually use their fingers to eat meat.B. Because they can use chopsticks to eat any kind of food except soup.C. Because they can even eat soup with chopsticks.D. Because they are afraid to cut themselves with knives.12. A. Because they cook everything in one whole piece.B. Because they don’t like to use chopsticks.C. Because they need to use knives and forks to cut up meat.D. Because they usually cook meat in small pieces.13. A. The obvious difference in the ways Chinese and Americans eat food.B. Food cultures in China and in the U.S.C. Comparison between chopsticks, knives and forks.D. The ways of using chopsticks, knives and forks.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Because he thought he knew the man.B. Because he wanted to have a look at the newspaper.C. Because the man was reading the article he had written.D. Because the man was reading the newspaper he had edited.15. A. To buy the newspaper.B. To recognize him as the writer.C. To read deeply into the article.D. To turn to the page where the story was continued.16. A. The man was reading. B. The man was talking.C. The man was smiling.D. The man was sleeping.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.What can be the best ways of gaining experience? 22 .Why does the woman raise a dog? Helping to 23 of her work. How does the woman deal with the difficult people? Try to be 24 .II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)One of my most surprising findings as a student is 25 parents do not always accept your adulthood. I was always told that once you get to college, your parents realize that you have been living 26 your own and can make your own decisions. This idea was rejected 27 I came home for Thanksgiving. At first, everything was going as 28 (smoothly) as possible. The first night I went to the Berkeley campus to visit my friend Sara, without any argument from my mother. 29 when I called her to say I had decided to spend the night at Sara’s dorm, my mom informed me that she wanted me home at one a.m. I was wild with anger! I 30 (make) my own decisions how late a young man should stay out for several months. However much I tried to reason with my mother, she insisted things are different when I am home, and that they were the 31 paying my bills. And kids, this is true. No matter how much you want to fight it, mommy and daddy are still holding the purse strings, whether you are 18 or not. Sometimes it is best to sit back, shut up, and do32 they ask.(B)A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supply —all these were important factors in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution, but they were not enough. Something else 33 (need) to start the industrial process. That “something special” was men —creative individuals 34 could invent machines, find new sources of power, and establish business organizations to reshape society.The men who created the machines of the Industrial Revolution came from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were more inventors than scientists. A pure scientist appreciates 35 (conduct) his research accurately. He is not necessarily working36 ______ his findings can be used. An inventor or one interested in applied science is usually trying to make something that has a concrete use. He may strive 37 (solve) a problem by using the theories of science or by experimenting through trial and error. Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain 38 specific result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of many other objectives.Many of the people who developed the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors, not 39 (train) scientists. A few were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had little or no training in science 40 not have made their inventions if a groundwork had not been laid by scientists years before.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. adaptB. nativesC. identitiesD. cost-savingE. alertF. insteadG. establishedH. practicallyI. routeJ. enrolledK. significantOfficials at Boston Co llege have made what may be a critical decision: they’ve stopped giving out new email accounts to incoming students. The officials realized that the students had already established digital 41 by the time they entered college, so the new email addresses were just not being used, but, 42 , the college will offer forwarding (转发) services.Starting next year, freshman 43 at Boston College won’t be given an actual email account complete with login and inbox, just an email address. This address, in the format of johnsmith@bc. edu will simply forward mail to the student’s already 44 inbox, be it Gmail, Windows Live Mail, Yahoo Mail, AOL, or whatever else they may be using.The college reached a smart decision after first looking into outsourcing（外包）their email to the cloud. While the Boston College decision may have been made for 45 reasons more than anything, we can easily imagine this as being the start of a new trend.Can you even imagine a U.S. college student who didn’t have an email address of their own by the time they were a freshman? It’s 46 unheard of. Today’s students are digital47 immersed (浸润) in technology from the day they were born. It simply doesn’t make sense to give them yet another account to manage when they enter college.By going this 48 , there are still some challenges to overcome, though. For example, a student who changes their email carrier will probably forget to 49 the institution to the change and could then miss out on 50 messages from the university with regard to their courses, scholarship, safety information, etc.In the end, we think the decision Boston College made could easily be the start of a new trend. We’re sure the students like it, too.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Napping for a while at daytime is a very smart and healthy move. The Mayo Clinic says naps51 relaxation, better mood and alertness, and a sharper working 52 . A 2008 British study found that compared to getting more nighttime sleep, a mid-day nap was the best way to53 the mid-afternoon sleepiness.According to the Harvard Health Letter, several studies have shown that people 54 new information better when they take a nap shortly after learning it. And, most 55 , a 2007 study of nearly 24,000 Greek adults in the Archives of Internal Medicine found that people who napped 56 had a 37 percent reduced risk of dying from heart disease compared to people who didn’t nap.Of course, napping isn’t57 for everyone. If you’re suffering from inability to sleep, naps that are too long or taken too late in the day can 58 with your ability to fall or stay asleep at night.But for most, naps can make you feel sharper and happier. Naps provide different benefits59 on how long they are. A 20-minute nap will boost alertness and concentration; a 90-minute snooze（小睡）can 60 creativity.According to , you 61 a natural dip in body temperature between 1 p.m. and 3 p.m. A short nap at this time can boost alertness for several hours and, for most people, shouldn’t 62 being able to fall asleep at night.Pick a dark, cozy place that’s not too warm or to o chilly. 63 napping on the couch instead of in bed, so you’re less64 to snooze for too long.Surprisingly, the best place to take a nap may be a hammock（吊床）if you have one. A Swiss study 65 last year found that people fell asleep faster and had deeper sleep when they napped in a hammock than in a bed. That same rocking motion that puts babies to sleep works wonders for grown-ups, too.51. A. relieve B. promote C. operate D. support52. A. feeling B. frame C. sense D. mind53. A. cope with B. put aside C. talk about D. carry upon54. A. remark B. consider C. remember D. concern55. A. reportedly B. unbelievably C. constantly D. frankly56. A. regularly B. enormously C. heavily D. strongly57. A. exact B. correct C. right D. accurate58. A. connect B. deal C. compete D. interfere59. A. focusing B. depending C. relying D. basing60. A. enlarge B. engage C. enhance D. enroll61. A. explore B. experience C. exercise D. implement62. A. produce B. handle C. affect D. urge63. A. postpones B. discourages C. acknowledges D. recommends64. A. obliged B. tempted C. adopted D. attracted65. A. pronounced B. published C. discovered D. cultivated Section BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Like many other small boys, I was fascinated by cars, especially because my oldest brother was a bit of a car guy and subscribed to cool magazines like Car and Driver and Motor Trend. Every so often, one of those magazines would run an article on the “Car of the Future”. They featured unconventional things like small nuclear reactors as power sources. Yet, frankly, my car doesn’t do anything that my brother’s Studebaker didn’t do. It goes, it stops, it burns gasoline.I still have to steer it, and it still runs into things if I don’t steer it carefully.But guess what? All of these things are likely to change in the not-so-distant future. It may not burn gasoline, I may not have to steer it, and it may be a lot better at not running into things.Airbags aren’t the be-all and end-all in safety. In fact, considering the recent news about people occasionally being killed by their airbags in low-speed crashes, they obviously still needsome development. But they aren’t going away, and in fact, you can expect to see cars appearing with additional, side-impact airbags, something some European car manufacturers already offer.Better than systems to minimize injury in the event of an accident, however, are systems that minimize the likelihood of an accident happening in the first place? Future cars may be able to remove many of the major causes of accidents, including drunk-driving, and tailgating (与前车距离过近). Cars could be equipped with sensors that can detect alcohol in a drive r’s system and prevent the car from being started, for example. As early as next year, you’ll be able to buy cars with radar-equipped control systems. If the radar determines you’re closing too quickly with the car in front, it will ease up on the throttle（油门）.Scientists are now working on a system that can brake, accelerate and steer a vehicle down a highway on its own. Will cars eventually be able to drive themselves?66. The author was fascinated by cars because ________.A. other small boys liked to own a car of their own, tooB. he read untraditional things about cars in hi s brother’s magazinesC. his oldest brother loved to take him to places in his carD. he often booked cool car magazines himself67. By saying “my car doesn’t do anything that my brother’s Studebaker didn’t do”, theauthor means that ________.A. my car is far better than my brother’sB. my car is not as good as my brother’sC. much improvement has been made in the design of cars recentlyD. not much has changed in the performance of cars so far68. Which of the following statements is true of airbags?A. They are going to disappear gradually.B. They are in need of further improvement.C. They are a standard feature of European cars.D. They kill people instead of protecting them in low-speed crashes.69. According to the author, what will future cars do if the sensors detect alcohol in the driver’ssystem?A. They will not start.B. They will ease up on the throttle.C. They will brake automatically.D. They will give a warning in advance.(B)Suppose you work in a big firm and find English very important for your job because you often deal with foreign businessmen. Now you are looking for a place where you can improve your English, especially your spoken English.Here are some advertisements about English language training from newspapers. You may find the information you need.70. You work from 9:00 a. m. to 4:30 p. m. every day. Which school will you choose?A. Global English Center and the International House.B. Global English Center and Modem Language School.C. Modern Language School and the 21st Century.D. The 21st Century and the International House.71. The 21st Century is different from the other three schools in that ________.A. its teaching quality is betterB. it requires an entrance examinationC. its courses are more advancedD. it is nearest to the city center72. You will probably prefer to go to the International House because it ________.A. offers sightseeing and social activities at low pricesB. costs less than the other schoolsC. has a special course in spoken EnglishD. has native English teachers73. If you take the four-month evening program at the International House, you will pay about________.A. 60 yuanB. 240 yuanC. 720 yuanD. 960 yuan(C)Western airliner manufacturers seem to be tripping over (绊倒) themselves in their eagerness to sign cooperative agreements with Asian partners as a low-cost route to developing new airliners. Their potential Asian partners seem to be tripping over themselves to sign such agreements, as a low-cost route to acquiring new airliner technology. If they are not careful the two sides will end up tripping over each other: the one by selling its birth-right for short-term gain, the other by trying to break into a market which isn’t big enough to sustain (忍受) it.Technology transfer works in a growing market, where the aspirations of the new entrant receiving that technology can be met through expansion. The airliner market is not such a device.Even the most optimistic projections of airliner sales for the next 20 years show that airliner manufacture can only be profitable if a small number of aircraft builders share the available sales. It follows that if new manufacturers come into the market and take sales, their sales must come from substitution, not expansion.Given the complexity of today’s airliners, it is unlikely that any new entrant will have both the financial and technical resources to come into the market without the involvement of an established manufacturer. In the short term, such involvement may not be to the exclusive benefit of the new entrant: most of the established manufacturers are searching for ways to reduce costs of manufacture.In the short term, it can be of benefit to an established Western manufacturer to have either components of complete air–frames made or assembled in lower-wage economics such as China, Taiwan or Korea, while retaining the design, development and marketing of aircraft for itself. It would be a very unwise Western manufacturer which did not notice the fact that these developing economies are acquiring skills (like computing) at least as quickly as they are acquiring skills in metal bashing (猛击).The danger comes when the new entrant no longer needs the established Western partner because it has acquired the technical and intellectual ability to design and build its own aircraft. An Asian partner may well find itself in the happy position of having the low-cost labour base, the high-cost technology base and the vital financial base to build a new airliner.74. The author’s attitude towards Western/Eastern cooperation can be described as ________.A. positiveB. progressiveC. conservativeD. negative75. “The airliner market is not such a device” means that the airliner market ________.A. does not encourage technology transferB. is too limited to offer chances of successC. requires hi-tech rather than unaccepted devicesD. is full of competitions for new entrants76. According to the author, a wise established manufacturer should ________.A. try to benefit from both financial and technical resourcesB. break up his partnership with the East once profits are madeC. keep a tight told over hi-tech development and marketing of airlinersD. cooperate with Asian partners for a short time77. The word “base” in the last paragraph represents ________.A. a place for aircraft productionB. the operation of aircraftC. a research instituteD. a position where to build officeSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.“There is a senseless concept that children grow up and leave home when they are 18, and the truth is far from that,” says sociologist Larry Bumpass of the University of Wisconsin. Today, unexpected numbers of young adults are living with their parents.Analysts raised a variety of reasons for this return to the nest. One important reason is that the marriage age is rising, a condition that makes home and its pleasantness particularly attractive to young people, which is second to skyrocketing housing costs to which young people find their wings attached. Besides, a high divorce rate and a declining remarriage rate are sending economically pressed and emotionally hurt survivors back to parental shelters. For some, the expense of an away-from-home college education has become so great that many students now attend local schools.Living at home, says Knighton, a school teacher, continues to give her security and moralsupport. Her mother agreed, “It is ridiculous for the kids to pa y all that money for rent. It makes sense for kids to stay at home.” But sharing the family home requires adjustments for all. There are the quarrels over bathrooms, telephones and privacy. Some families, however, manage the delicate balancing act. But for others, it proves too difficult. Michelle Del Turco, 24, has been home three times —and left three times. “What I considered a social drink, my dad considered an alcohol problem,” she explains. “He never liked anyone I dated, so I either had to hide away to meet them at friends’ houses.”It is really hard to say how long adult children should live with their parents before moving on. Nevertheless, it is commonly recognized that lengthy homecomings are a mistake and they accidentally destroy the advantage of brief visits that will strengthen the relationship between parents and children. Children, struggling to establish separate identities, can end up with “a sense of inadequacy, defeat and failure.” And aging paren ts, who should be enjoying some financial and personal freedom, find themselves stuck with responsibilities, which is definitely a stress for them.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. What’s the most important reason for young adults’ returning to the nest?79. Knighton enjoys living at home due to ________.80. What has resulted in the Michelle Del Turco’s unhappy experience with her dad?81. From the passage, we can conclude it is ________ that benefit(s) both adult children and theirparents to avoid lengthy homecomings.第II 卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 他们的建议听起来和我们的同样可行。
上海市虹口区2014届高考英语一模试题（附答案）
上海市虹⼝区2014届⾼考英语⼀模试题（附答案）上海市虹⼝区2014届⾼三第⼀学期期终教学质量监控测英语试题考⽣注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1—9页）和第Ⅱ卷（第10页），全卷共10页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（⾮选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上⼀律不得分。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反⾯清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Kate. B. Anna. C. Jane. D. Mary.2. A. 205. B. 155. C. 145. D. 215.3. A. Malaysia. B. Korea. C. Japan. D. Singapore.4. A. A doctor. B. A professor. C. A guide. D. A businessman.5. A. She hasn’t a dictionary. B. She is not sure how to read the word.C. She has looked the word up in the dictionary.D. She is going to buy a dictionary.6. A. To live in the country. B. To live in a big city alone.C. To live with her parents.D. To live in a big city.7. A. Buying another bicycle. B. Buying a used bicycle.C. Buying a new bicycle.D. Not buying a bicycle.8. A. There’s something wrong with the bus. B. He’s in the hospital.C. It’s going in the wrong direction.D. He missed the bus.9. A. Please sit down. B. She doesn’t want the man to sit with her.C. She’ll mind if he sits down.D. It doesn’t matter whether he sits down or not.10. A. To draw a picture. B. To open the window.C. To look at somebody.D. To take a photo with the camera.Section BDirections In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Freezing. D. Wet.12. A. Two to four feet. B. Three feet. C. Seven feet. D. Two to three feet.13. A. A gallery. B. An exhibit. C. A device. D. A Coffee Shop.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A certificate. B. A sofa. C. A visit to a dog hotel. D. A spa (⽔疗).15. A. By reviewing a vet’s certificate. B. By collecting information from witnesses.C. By checking the photographs.D. All of the above.16. A. Because she is dying. B. Because she is too old to move forward.C. Because she suffers from joint problems.D. Because she usually has spa at home.Section CDirections In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)After the birth of my second child, I got a job at a restaurant. Having worked with _____25_____ experienced waitress for a few days, I was allowed to wait tables on my own. All went well that first week. When Saturday night came, I _____26_____ (give) the tables not far from the kitchen. However, I still felt it a little hard to carry the heavy trays(托盘).The restaurant was full of people _____27 _____I could realize that. I moved slowly, and minded every step. I remember how happy I was when I saw the tray stand near the tables; It had nice handles, _____28_____ (make) it easier to move around. I was pleased with everything and began to believe I was a natural at this job.Then, an old man came to me and said, “Excuse me, dear, my wife and I loved watching you work. _____29_____ seems that your tray stand has been very useful to you, but we are getting ready to leave now, and my wife _____30_____ wait to take her walker back.”At first his message did not get across. “What was he talking about!”Then, I got it. I _____31_____(set) my trays on his wife’s orthopedic walker(助步器). My face was on fire. I wanted to get into a hole and hide.Since then, I’ve learned that sometimes there’s no point _____32_____ (be) too sure of myself.(B)There are a variety of techniques used to bring about success in selling. Here are the most important ones _____33_____ are often mentioned by successful salespeople.Find out _____34_____ your customers’real wants and needs are. Listen as they tell you their favours.Know all about your product and what it can do for your customers. Product knowledge is a “must”in personal selling because it createsconfidence, builds enthusiasm, and makes the situation more professional. Lay emphasis on the unique advantage of your product _____35_____ others.Take a confident attitude in selling your product. It is _____36_____(effective) when the salesperson says, “May I help you”than when he or she says “You wouldn’t like to see our model, _____37_____you?”Prepare yourself _____38_____(deal) with objections. If the customer says the price is too high, you might reply, “Yes, the price may be a little higher than _____39_____(plan). However, actually, you will save money _____40_____ high quality of this product.”D on’t disagree with your customer in any case when he or she says the price is too high.Use praise wisely.Section BDirections Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Television watching is an activity which is known to be harmful to health and is distinct from getting too little exercise. But a new study suggests its damaging effects may even _____41_____ alongside those from smoking and obesity(肥胖). Researchers who studied television viewing habits in Australia calculated that people who watch for a(n) _____42_____ of six hours a day shorten their life expectancy(预期寿命) by almost five years. They based their calculations on data on the _____43 _____between television viewing and death from the Australian obesity and lifestyle study which involved 11,000 adults aged 25 and over. Applying these findings to the whole population over 25, who are estimated to have watched 9.8 billion hours of TV in 2008, they concluded that it _____44_____ for 286,000 years of life lost — equivalent to 22 minutes for each hour watched. By _____45_____, smoking one cigarette is estimated to shorten life expectancy by 11 minutes — equivalent to half an hour of TV watching.Writing in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, the authors from the University of Queensland, say the figures suggest “huge loss of life may be_____46_____ with too much TV viewing.” The UK and other industrialized countries are likely to be similarly affected “given the typically large amounts of time spent watching TV and the similarities in disease patterns.” The researchers add “If these figures are_____47_____ and shown to reflect a cause and effect relationship, TV viewing is a public health problem comparable in size to established behavioral risk factors.”Researchers from Taiwan University found even those who did as little as 92 minutes’exercise a week —equivalent to 15 minutes a day for six days a week —reduced their _____48_____ of death by 14 per cent. Even this small amount of exercise could _____49_____ one in six of all deaths —similar to the effects of a stop-smoking programme. Each _____50_____ 15 minutes a day reduced the death rate by a further 4 per cent.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.To understand how Americans think about things, it is necessary to understand “the point”. Americans mention it often “Let’s get right to the point”, they will say “My point is …”“What’s the point of all this?”The “point”is the _____51_____ or piece of information that Americans suppose is, or should be, _____52_____ of people’s thinking, writings, and spoken comments. Speakers and writers are supposed to ”make their points clear”, _____53_____ that they are supposed to say or write clearly the idea or piece of information they wish to _____54_____.People from many other cultures have different ideas about the _____55_____. Africans traditionally tell stories that express the _____56_____ they have in mind, rather than stating out “the point”clearly. Japanese traditionally speak _____57_____, leaving the listener to _____58_____ what the point is. _____59_____, while an American might say to a friend, “I don’t think that coat goes very well with the rest of your outfit”, a Japanese might say, “Maybeanother coat would look even _____60_____ than the one you have on.”Americans _____61_____ a person who “gets right to the point”. Japanese are likely to consider such a person lacking thoughtfulness and sympathy if not _____62_____.The Chinese and Japanese languages are characterized by vagueness and ambiguity(模棱两可). The precision and directness Americans associate with “the point” cannot be _____63_____, at least not with any grace, in Chinese and Japanese. Speakers of those languages thus have to _____64_____ a new way of reasoning and expressing their ideas _____65_____ they are going to communicate satisfactorily with Americans.51. A. word B. idea C. place D. time52. A. at the center B. on the basis C. on the part D. beyond the reach53. A. thinking B. explaining C. meaning D. stating54. A. discuss B. remember C. express D. criticize55. A. point B. information C. reasons D. feelings56. A. comments B. meanings C. secret D. thought57. A. frankly B. indirectly C. reluctantly D. truly58. A. figure out B. search for C. make up D. look over59. A. Otherwise B. However C. Moreover D. Thus60. A. tighter B. better C. thicker D. longer61. A. value B. forgive C. punish D. insult62. A. sensitive B. foolish C. rude D. loyal63. A. corrected B. achieved C. changed D. explained64. A. learn B. consider C. suggest D. decide65. A. although B. because C. until D. ifSection BDirections Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When you are little, it’s not hard to believe you can change the world. I remember my enthusiasm when, at the age of 12, I addressed the delegates at the Rio Earth Summit. “I am only a child,” I told them. “Yet I know that if all the money spent on war was spent on ending poverty and finding environmental answers, what a wonderful place this would be. In school you teach us not to fight with others, to work things out, to respect others, to clean up our mess, not to hurt other creatures, to share, not to be greedy. Then why do you go out and do the thing you tell us not to do? You grown-ups say you love us, but I challenge you, please, to make your actions reflect your words.”I spoke for six minutes and received a standing ovation. Some of the delegates even cried. I thought that maybe I had reached some of them, that my speech might actually spur(激励) action. Now, a decade from Rio, after I’ve sat through many more conferences, I’m not sure what has been accomplished. My confidence in the people in power and in the power of an individual’s voice to reach them has been deeply shaken.When I was little, the world was simple. But as a young adult, I’m learning that as we have to make choices —education, career, lifestyle —life gets more and more complicated. We are beginning to feel pressure to produce and be successful. We are taught that economic growth is in progress, but aren’t taught how to pursue a happy, healthy or sustainable(可持续的) way of living. And we are learning that what we wanted for the future when we were 12 was ideal and innocent.Today I’m no longer a child, but I’m worried about what kind of environment my children will grow up in. I know change is possible, because I am changing, still figuring out what I think. I am still deciding how to live my life. The challenges are great, but if we accept individual responsibility and make sustainable choices, we will rise to the challenges, and we will become part of the positive tide of change.66. The purpose of what the writer said at the age of 12 was to _____.A. end poverty and make school beautifulB. find environmental answers and keep the words that they always told themselvesC. end poverty and solve the problems about environmentD. find a wonderful place and clean it up67. What does the underlined word “ovation” in the second paragraph refer to _____.A. a long period of laughingB. a warm welcomeC. an expression used for greetingD. a long period of clapping and applause68. It becomes clear that the writer is possibly _____ now.A. in his teensB. in his twentiesC. in his thirtiesD. in his forties69. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. the writer thinks what he thought at the age of 12 is mature.B. the writer’s children will certainly live in an ideal environment.C. the writer’s confidence in the people in power has deeply shaken their voice.D. the writer’s belief does not change when he grows up.(B)70. Zeo is a revolution in the science of sleep mainly because it _____.A. can record one’s sleep processB. is the first product to manage one’s sleepC. is free of medical risksD. provides access to sleep fitness websites71. What is the most remarkable feature of Zeo?A. Its direct contact with sleep scientists.B. Its individualized coaching program.C. Its effectiveness in curing sleep disorders.D. Its immediate analysis of sleep data.70. What customer service does Zeo provide?A. Cheap online tools.B. A 30-day action plan.C. Personalized bedside display.D. Free delivery of the product.71. The passage is primarily written to _____.A. encourage people to try the new productB. instruct people how to use a newtoolC. provide the latest health informationD. illustrate the importance of good sleep habit(C)Although websites such as Facebook and MySpace experienced rapid growth during the middle of the first decade of the 21st century, some users remain unaware of the fact that the information they post online can come back to haunt them. First, employers can monitor employees who maintain a blog, photo diary, or website. Employers can look for controversial(引起争议的) employee opinions, sensitive information disclosures, or wildly inappropriate conduct. For example, a North Carolina newspaper fired one of its features writers after she created a blog on which she wrote about the strange things of her job and coworkers without signing her real name.The second unintended use of information from social networking websites is employers who check on prospective employees. A June 11, 2006 New York Times article reported that many companies use search engines and social networking websites such as MySpace, Xanga, and Facebook to conduct background checks on college campuses. Although the use of MySpace or Google to check a student’s background is somewhat unsettling to many undergraduates, the Times noted that the use of Facebook is especially shocking to students who believe that Facebook is limited to current students and recent alum(校友).Corporate employers are not the only people interested in college students’ lives. The third unintended use of social networking websites is college administrators who monitor the Internet — especially Facebook — for student bad behavior. For example, a college in Boston’s Back Bay expelled (除名) its student Government Association President for joining a Facebook group highly critical of a campus police sergeant. In addition, fifteen students at a state university in North Carolina faced charges in court for underage drinking because of photos that appeared on Facebook. Although more users of websites such as Facebook are becoming aware of the potential dangers of online identities, many regular users still fail to take three basic security precautions(警惕). First, only make your information available to a specific list of individuals whom you approve. Second, regularly search for potentially harmful information about yourself that may have been posted by mistake or by a disgruntled(不满的) former associate. Third, never post obviously offensive material under your name or on your page, because, despite the best precautions, this material will likely make its way to the wider world. By taking these simple steps, members of the digital world can realize the many benefits of e-community without experiencing some of the damaging unintended consequences.74. The main purpose of the passage is to _____.A. explain the growth of the digital world from the view of privacyB. discuss the risks of the digital world and suggest ways to protect yourselfC. propose steps Facebook, MySpace, and Google can take to protect user privacyD. illustrate potential unintended uses of private information75. The writer implies that users should take all of the following actions to protect their online privacy EXCEPT _____.A. know to whom you make your online information availableB. actively hunt for damaging information posted about you or under your nameC. speak with employers to inform them of any misinformation published about youD. avoid uploading information that would be extremely damaging if it were discovered76. According to the passage, which of the following does the author imply?A. Information obtained unwillingly from the Internet is permitted in court.B. It is impossible to protect yourself from unintended uses of information online.C. Even if you restrict who can view your data, the government may still access it.D. Done properly, posting offensive information about oneself brings no risk.77. In the last paragraph the author mainly _____.A. offers detailed examples to support previous viewpointsB. further explores the ill-effects of the Internet on the protection of privacyC. summarizes the points of the above paragraphsD. provides suggestions to overcome the previously mentioned problemsSection CDirections Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.New technology links the world as never before. Our plant has shrunk. It’s now a “global village” where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills.Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern business people who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modern markets, success overseas often help support domestic business efforts.Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “out of sight and out of mind.” He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company’s plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad. If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more prevalent(流⾏的).Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets.English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isn’t generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal.The employee posted abroad who speaks the country’s principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employer at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.(Note Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN SIX WORDS.)78. In this passage, “out of sight and out of mind”in paragraph 3 probably means ________________.79. What is the author’s attitude toward high-tech communications equipment?80. According to the passage, what is an important consideration of international corporations in employing people today?81. The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can __________________.第II卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 不努⼒我们是很容易落伍的。
02. 2014年虹口区二模英语试卷 ( Part I )
2014届虹口区二模英语试卷（2014-4）Part 1 Listening (第一部分听力)I. Listening Comprehension (听力理解) (共30分)A. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片) (6分)1. _________2._________3.__________4.________5. __________6. __________B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案): (共8分)( ) 7. A) In a library. B) In a classroom.C) In a lab. D) In a computer room.( ) 8. A) Jane’s phone number.B) Jane’s address.C) Jane’s e-mail. D) Jane’s QQ.( ) 9. A) Stormy. B) Rainy. C) Fine. D) Snowy.( ) 10. A) 4.5 dollars. B) 5 dollars. C) 9 dollars. D) 10 dollars.( ) 11. A) She will wait outside. B) She will look for the invitation.C) She will look at the pocket. D) She will enter the hall.( ) 12. A) A house painter. B) A gardener. C) A postman. D) A cleaner.( ) 13. A) Because he doesn’t like the hotel.B) Because he doesn’t like the food there.C) Because he can’t afford to stay there.D) Because the service there is not satisfying. ( ) 14. A) He speaks too fast. B) He often uses very difficult words.C) He doesn’t know what he means.D) He uses very few examples to explain his ideas.C. Listen to the dialogue and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的对话内容, 符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示): (共6分)( ) 15. Kitty had a talk with her sister Jane unhappily last night.( ) 16. Jane thinks Kitty is a patient, responsible mum.( ) 17. The woman speaker is not strict with her daughter.( ) 18. The woman speaker often asks her daughter to do some housework.( ) 19. The two speakers don’t agree on Anne’s future plan.( ) 20. The two speakers are talking about the way to educate children.D. Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks (根据你听到的内容，完成下列句子，每空格限填一词): (共10分)21. Murphy ________ ________ an engineering position(职位) in a big factory,22. Bob and Murphy were asked to ________ a ________ by the manager.23. Both of them ________ ________ one question.24. The manager went to Murphy and said, “Thank you for _______ _______, but we’ve decided to giveBob the chance.”25. Mu rphy ________ ________ “Neither do I.” instead of “I don’t know.”.21. ____________________ ______________________ 22. _________________ __________________ 23. ___________________ _______________________ 24. _________________ __________________ 25. ___________________ _______________________2014届虹口区二模英语试卷（2014-4）Ⅰ. Listening comprehension (听力理解) (共30分)A. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片): (共6分)1. There are about 1000 kinds of robots in the robot shop.(C)2. People often stand about half a meter away from each other when they are talking.(F)3. These children often spend weekends climbing the mountain together.(G)4. It’s important to put out the fire on the ship at once or it will be a disaster.(B)5. Many singers are giving a concert to raise money for the local charities.(H)6. Nowadays people pay a lot of attention to the safety of milk products.(A)B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案): (共8分)7. W: You’re a new student, aren’t you?M: Yes, I am.W: Here are the rules for the library. Please read them before you go in.Q: Where does the dialogue probably take place? (A)8. M: Could you give us Jane’s address?W: With pleasure. Do you want her phone number?M: No, thanks. We have her phone number, but we can’t get her on the phone.Q: What does the man ask the woman for? (B)9. W: It has rained for three days, but sunny weather is forecasted for tomorrow.M: I’m so glad to hear that because I’d like to have a picnic tomorrow.Q: What will the weather probably be like tomorrow? (C)10. M: Those are very nice shirts. How much are they?W: Five dollars each or two for nine dollars. They are on sale today.M: I’ll take this yell ow one.Q: How much should the man pay? (B)11. W: I can’t find my invitation. What shall I do?M: Then you won’t be allowed into the hall. Everybody is checked at the entrance.W: Ah, here it is, in my pocket.Q: What will the woman probably do next? (D)12. M: If you can make up your mind about the colour, I can start on the outside of your house.W: Well, I think I want blue for the windows and yellow for the walls.Q: Who is the woman talk to? (A)13. W: Why don’t we stay at the Gran d Hotel? The food and the service there are great.M: You’re joking? Do you know how expensive that place is? We can’t afford to stay there.Q: Why is the man against staying at the Grand Hotel? (C)14. M: Do you like Professor Brown’s lectures?W: Not at all. Most of the time I don’t know what he’s talking about. He doesn’t give enoughexamples.Q: What’s the problem with Professor Brown’s lectures? (D)C. Listen to the dialogue and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的对话内容, 符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示): (共6分)M: What’s wrong with you, Kitty?W: Er, you know, I was really upset last night. You know I had a really awful conversation with my sister, Jane.M: Really?W: She’s complaining and saying that I’m not a responsible mum. You know, I never ask my daughter, Anne, to do any housework and I don’t check her homework or anything like that, so she’s saying that Anne is going to grow up to be lazy and selfish, you know, going to be a useless person. What do you think?M: I don’t know if she’ll be useless but I think that some housework does help a child learn how to become an adult.W: Doing housework is something kids should do if they don’t go to school. It’s another kind o f work.M: Maybe sh e can work very hard as a student but, you know, sometimes it’s nice if she knows how to work hard in a garden or learns how to build something, or actually creates something with her hands. Maybe she will find fun in it. She may become a cook, a gardener, a baker or do something else...15. T 16. F 17. T 18. F 19. F 20. TD. Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks (根据你听到的内容，完成下列句子，每空格限填一词): (共10分)Murphy applied for an engineering position (职位) in a big factory. Bob asked for the same job, and both of them were asked to take a test by the department manager. After they finished the test, both men only missed one question. The manager went to Murphy and said, “Thank you for your interest, but we’ve decided to give Bob the job.”Murphy said, “And why are you doing that? We both got nine of the questions correct.”The manager replied, “We have made our decision not because of the correct answers, but because of the question you missed.”“How would one incorrect answer be better than the other?” asked Murphy.The manager replied, “Simple. Bob answered Question 5 with ‘I don’t know.’ You wrote down ‘Neither do I.’”21. applied for 22. take...test 23. only missed 24. your interest25. wrote down。
【解析版】上海市虹口区2014年中考二模英语试卷
2014年上海市虹口区初三二模英语试卷（带解析）一、单选题（共20小题）1．She is so helpful that she is always ready to help people in trouble．Which of the following is correctfor the underlined word in the sentence？A．/'tr37bl/B．/'tra7bl/C．/'trKbl/D．/'trbl/2．Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others？A．Please focus your attention on your papers，boys and girls．B．She likes to show off her new clothes in front of her friends．C．I think she should improve her learning methods．D．The boy picked a hole in his new sweater．3．Some naughty boys like to play ________ trick on their classmates on April Fool’s Day．A．a B．an C．the D．/4．As students，we should work hard and do ________ best to realize our dreams．A．us B．ourC．ours D．ourselves5．Frank looks very worried today．There must be ________ wrong with him．A．anything B．nothingC．something D．everything6．We were all ________ favor of this plan after we discussed for about two hours．A．at B．in C．to D．on7．When the father heard from his son from abroad，he became ________．A．exciting B．happilyC．happiness D．excited8．JD．com is one of ________ shopping websites in China．A．large B．largerC．largest D．the largest9．It’s not safe for you to go to the forest alone，for you ________ lose your way in it．A．need B．must C．should D．may10．There is little ________ in the fridge．Let’s go to the market to buy some．A．eggs B．vegetablesC．fruit D．snacks11．－________ are you always surfing the Internet these days？－To find some information about cooking．A．What B．Why C．Where D．Who12．Jane，eat less junk food like fried chicken wings，________ you will behealthier．A．or B．andC．however D．so13．My little brother hopes ________ the film Dad，Where are We Going，though he has seen it twice．A．to see B．seeC．to seeing D．saw14．While in college，Mak never minded ________ extra work for his class．A．to do B．doing C．do D．did15．Get prepared _______ you can set out immediately if something happens．A．after B．sinceC．while D．so that16．Quite a few people were injured or killed in this traffic accident last week，________？A．were they B．did theyC．weren’t they D．didn’t they17．Jack’s parents can’t go to the parents’ meeting because they ________ to Beijing on business．A．went B．have goneC．will go D．had gone18．If my homework ________ on Saturday，I will go to Century Park to watch the flower show on Sunday．A．is finished B．had been finishedC．was finished D．will be finished19．—Hello，may I speak to Mrs Zhou？—________A．Sure．Here you are．B．Sorry，she isn’t in．C．OK．Who are you？D．That’s right．20．—Thank you for your gift．It’s useful for me．—________A．I’m sorry to hear that．B．I’m glad you like it．C．That’s all right．D．Really？二、完形填空（共1小题）21.My best friend and I were in the shop that she owns．It was the middle of the afternoon．We were both very happy and making plans for the weekend．Suddenly a man entered the shop．We knew that he didn’t look like one of our usual customers，but we welcomed him __1_ anyway．Without any hesitation he pulled something out of his coat．We did n’t notice that it was a __2__ until he ordered us to go into the back with him．After he warned us that he could fire at any time，he looked for the money everywhere，in the bank，from our wallets，and then he asked for our jewellery (珠宝) and we gave him all he wanted．Finally，he finished his “job” and left．When I was a child，I felt safe with my parents in my home or wherever I was not alone．Then I began to understand the news and I learnt that _3___ things were happening “out there”，but I still kept think ing that those events were just other people’s __4__，not mine．From the moment the man walked out of the shop，I completely __5____．I always look around to see which kinds of people are possibly following me．Now I usually double-check everything：if I’ve lock ed myself in the car or in the house．I am always careful not to wear any jewellery．Whenever a stranger is getting too close or is trying to get information from me，I feel nervous．I know that it is wrong，and that not everyone is going to _6__ me again．After all，I consider myself lucky，since nothing really bad happened to me or my friend，but since that day I haven’t felt safe any more．I hate that man not for having taken my jewellery and money，butfor having deprived（剥夺）of my innocence．1．A．sadly B．quietly C．angrily D．politely2．A．gun B．note C．mistake D．knife3．A．funny B．horrible C．pleasant D．serious4．A．exchanges B．worries C．feelings D．fables5．A．made a decision B．lost my way C．changed my mind D．calmed down 6．A．disturb B．investigate C．fool D．attack三、阅读理解（共2小题）22.Students at Empire High School started class with no text books－but it wasn’t because of money problems．Instead，the school gave iBooks－laptop computersto each of its 340 students，becoming one of the first US public schools to stop printed textbooks．School officials believe that the electronic materials will make students enjoy learning more．Empire High Schoolwas designed to have a textbook-free environment．Students at Empire High School get the materials over the school’s Internet network．The school has a central control system that limits what can be downloaded(下载) at the school．“Students can hand in ho mework online．We have a web program that helps to check if you copy from others，” the headmaster Baker said．In addition to offering up-to-date information，teachers can make the lessons more enjoyable．For example，lessons in history can include links to a person’s daily life，his ideas，his discovery，and so on．Social studies teacher Jeremy Gypton said the change was easier than expected．Gypton said he assigned reading based on websites，used online groups and message boards to keep the students connected．And he also asked them to comment（评论）on each other’s work．Julian Tarazon，a new student，said that it was kind of hard at first，because you had to put thingsin folders(文件夹)．But after a couple of days，you got used to it．Another student Morgan Northcutt said the computer system had made it easier to do homework．The school isn’t completely paperless，however．It has a library，and students can read books in it．“We’re not trying to get rid of books，” Baker said．“We love books．”1．The students at Empire High School will study in class without ___________ this year．A．text messagesB．printed textbooksC．reading materialsD．electric machines2．The teachers at Empire High School began to use iBooks because they___________．A．had money problemsB．had limited networkC．wanted to improve their teachingD．wanted a web program3．A central control system can help to control __________．A．how much to downloaddB．what to downloadC．how to downloadD．why to download4．The underlined word “assigned” probably means “___________”．A．说明 B．完成 C．转让 D．布置5．The biggest advantage of the home work online is that___________．A．students can do it anytimeB．information online is availableC．there is a lot of reading based on websitesD．it provides a platform for students to share ideas6．The best title of the passage might be “___________”．A．High School uses iBooks instead of textbooksB．Don’t try to get rid of booksC．Learning without textbooks is harderD．Doing homework online23.The first time I saw Jim Wooten I really understood him．He was a great TV news reporter．When he was reporting in Rwanda，one heartbreaking moment made a deep impression on me．When the camera showed all of the children who were dying，suffered from terrible diseases，Jim ended his piece by saying that when he got home，the first thing he was going to do was to put his arms around his own children．Then I realized that he was different，that he didn’t fall into any of the modern television-news tricks，that he was not giving us any awful，artificial(假的) television-journalist reports out of（出于) pity．Instead，I was watching a real reporter with a gift(天赋) for both words and slightdifferences．Then I read his book，We Are All the Same，about his friendship with Xolani Nkosi，a South African boy who became the international spokesman for AIDS(艾滋病)．It is abo ut the friendship between Wooten and a black child who was ten years old and already dying of AIDS．It is also a book about a great teacher and his student．But the teacher－the one with real wisdom and understanding about life－is the little boy，not the journalist．And，finally，it’s about a love story of Gail Johnson，Nkosi’s white mother who does her best to save the boy，and their love for each other．When reading the book，I felt touched from time to time．1．How did Jim Wooten feel when he saw the dying children in Rwanda？__________________________________________________________________．2．What would an ordinary journalist do on TV when he saw these dying children？_________________________________________________________________．3．How did Jim end his piece when he saw the dying children in Rwanda？_________________________________________________________________．4．Who is the teacher in the book，the little boy or the journalist？_________________________________________________________________．5．Why did Nkosi’s mother do everything possible to save the boy？_________________________________________________________________．6．What’s the writer’s attitude to Jim Wooten？How do you know that？_________________________________________________________________．四、阅读填空（共1小题）24.Have you ever seen an exhibition of rare Mexican grey wolves？There are five young male wolves in Brookfield Zoo now．The exhibition is d___1___ into two areas，an indoor room and a peaceful outdoor viewing or playing area．In the indoor area of the exhibition，which is small and can e__2___ become crowded，you can see the wolves t___3___ one-way glass and also enjoy a few different activities．One of these activities is very inte resting．You stand in a dark room，listening to recorded wolf howls （长嚎）．You can really get an idea of what it feels like to be in a dark and d__4__ forest．After about a minute and a half，some wolves in the woods a___5___ on the wall in front of you．It is a great experience for n___6__ lovers．In the outdoor area of the exhibition，there is a small river，ponds，fallen trees and a wetland．Visitors can walk among lifelike models of wolf prey(猎物)，learning about different huntings___7___ the wolves use，how they store their food and how they communicate，while watching the wolves from behind an electric fence．After a tour of the exhibition，you can read Wolf Brother written by Paver．It was made into a movie by director Ridley Scott．Welcome to our exhibition of rare Mexican grey wolves！五、选词填空（共2小题）25.In Tanzania，an African country，a company called APOPO trains African pouched rats(非洲有袋鼠）to find landmines(地雷）left over from the wars．The rats are trained to smell out some ofthe__1__ in them．More importantly，these rats are too light to set off the landmines．Generally speaking，after 8 to 12 months of training，the rats can find landmines so that they can be safely destroyed．Rats and trainers search one small area at a time．To be sure that every inch of the ground is__2__，APOPO workers use a harness-and-rope system that guides the rats back and forth in rows．The trainer stands safely on the edge(边缘) of the area．When a rat smells landmines，it will dig the dirt in that spot(地点)．The trainers __3__ each spot on a map．Later，people set off the landmines safely．In the African country of Mozambique，nearly half of the ___4__ are younger than 15 years old．A lot of kids are in danger as they play and work．With the help of the rats and trainers，there will be no threat any more．26.Two teenage girls are missing after they failed to return to their school camp in a Victorian National Park ___1__ the New South Wales border last night．The police began to __2__ the girls，aged 14 and 15．They are students at Melbourne School and were in the area as part of a school camp．The girls were last seen at about 4：30 pm yesterday and did not return for dinner at 6 pm．“They were ___3___ to be wearing lightweight clothing．It has rained in the area for three days and the police are worried about their __4__．Search and Rescue police will arrive in the area immediately to coordinate(协调）a full-scale search，” said the spokeswoman．六、完成句子（共2小题）27.I think it helpful to keep several _______ by me to look up new words．(dictionary)2．Maggie got the ________ prize because of her good performance in the singing competition．(two) 3．I plan to travel to several ________ countries such as France and Germany next winter holidays．(Europe)4．The government has decided to _______ the ancient temple next month．(building)5．I ________ living in the city centre because there is too much traffic．(like)6．The survey shows that customers are very ________ with the service of the 5-star hotel．(satisfying) 7．Mary was singing ________ to her baby sister when Mum got back home．(soft)8．It’s not polite to ask about other people’s ________ matters in England．(person)28.He has promised to buy his daughter a new iPad Air（改为否定句）He ________ ________ to buy his daughter a new iPad Air．2．It’s one and a half hours’ drive from my home to People’s Square．（对划线部分提问）________ ________ is it from your home to People’s Square？3．We set up Earth Day in 1970 to ask people to protect the earth．（改为被动语态)Earth Day ________ ________ up in 1970 to ask people to protect the earth．4．It’s great fun to go to see a flower show with som e friends in spring．(改为感叹句)________ ________ fun it is to go to see a flower show with some friends in spring！5．Many flights at this international airport had to be delayed because of the heavy snow．(保持句意基本不变)Many flights at this international airport had to be ________ ________ because of the heavy snow．6．We asked Danny，“Will you go cycling with us or watch TV at home this weekend？”(改为宾语从句）We asked Danny ________ he ________ go cycling with us or watch TV at home this weekend．7．I；my boss ；thinks；do n’t complain；because；my job；I；am pleased with；（．）（连词成句）_______________________________________________________________七、书面表达（共1小题）29.Write at least 60 words on the topic “I’d like to make．．．feel happy”以《我想使……高兴》为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。
2014年上海市虹口区中考二模英语试卷(带解析)
绝密★启用前2014年上海市虹口区中考二模英语试卷（带解析） 考试范围：xxx ；考试时间：100分钟；命题人：xxx 1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 分卷I 分卷I 注释 一、单选题(注释) 1、She is so helpful that she is always ready to help people in trouble. Which of the following is correctfor the underlined word in the sentence? A ．/'tr37bl/ B ．/'tra7bl/ C ．/'trKbl/ D ．/'tr•bl/ 2、Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others? A ．Please focus your attention on your papers, boys and girls. B ．She likes to show off her new clothes in front of her friends. C ．I think she should improve her learning methods. D ．The boy picked a hole in his new sweater. 3、Some naughty boys like to play ________ trick on their classmates on April Fool’s Day. A ．a B ．an C ．the D ．/ 4、As students, we should work hard and do ________ best to realize our dreams. A ．us B ．our C ．ours D ．ourselves 5、Frank looks very worried today. There must be ________ wrong with him. A ．anything B ．nothing C ．something D ．everything 6、We were all ________ favor of this plan after we discussed for about two hours. A ．at B ．in C ．to D ．on 7、When the father heard from his son from abroad, he became ________. A ．exciting B ．happily C ．happiness D ．excitedA. largeB. largerC. largestD. the largest9、It’s no t safe for you to go to the forest alone, for you ________ lose your way in it. A．need B．must C．should D．may10、There is little ________ in the fridge. Let’s go to the market to buy some.A．eggs B．vegetables C．fruit D．snacks11、－________ are you always surfing the Internet these days?－To find some information about cooking.A．What B．Why C．Where D．Who12、Jane, eat less junk food like fried chicken wings, ________ you will behealthier. A．or B．and C．however D．so13、My little brother hopes ________ the film Dad, Where are We Going, though he has seen it twice.A．to see B．see C．to seeing D．saw14、While in college, Mak never minded ________ extra work for his class.A．to do B．doing C．do D．did15、Get prepared _______ you can set out immediately if something happens.A．after B．since C．while D．so that16、Quite a few people were injured or killed in this traffic accident last week, ________? A．were they B．did they C．weren’t they D．didn’t they17、Jack’s parents can’t go to the parents’ meeting because they ________ to Beijing on business.A．went B．have gone C．will go D．had gone18、If my homework ________ on Saturday, I will go to Century Park to watch the flower show on Sunday.A．is finished B．had been finishedC．was finished D．will be finished19、—Hello, may I speak to Mrs Zhou?—________A．Sure. Here you are. B．Sorry, she isn’t in.C．OK. Who are you ? D．That’s right.20、—Thank you for your gift. It’s useful for me.— ________二、完型填空(注释)21、My best friend and I were in the shop that she owns. It was the middle of the afternoon. We were both very happy and making plans for the weekend. Suddenly a man entered the shop. We knew that he didn’t look like one of our usual customers, but we welcomed him_ __ anyway. Without any hesitation he pulled something out of his coat. We didn’t notice that it was a __ __ until he ordered us to go into the back with him.After he warned us that he could fire at any time, he looked for the money everywhere, in the bank, from our wallets, and then he asked for our jewellery (珠宝) and we gave him all he wanted. Finally, he finished his “job” and left.When I was a child, I felt safe with my parents in my home or wherever I was not alone. Then I began to understand the news and I learnt that __ __ things were happening “out there”, but I still kept thinking that those events were just other people’s __ __, not mine. From the moment the man walked out of the shop, I completely ___ ___. I always look around to see which kinds of people are possibly following me. Now I usually double-check everything: if I’ve locked myself in the car or in the house. I am always careful not to wear any jewellery. Whenever a stranger is getting too close or is trying to get information from me, I feel nervous. I know that it is wrong, and that not everyone is going to _ __ me again.After all, I consider myself lucky, since nothing really bad happened to me or my friend, but since that day I haven’t felt safe any more. I hate that man not for having taken my jewellery and money, but for having deprived（剥夺）of my innocence.【小题1】A．sadly B．quietly C．angrily D．politely【小题2】A．gun B．note C．mistake D．knife【小题3】A．funny B．horrible C．pleasant D．serious【小题4】A．exchanges B．worries C．feelings D．fables【小题5】A．made a decision B．lost my way C．changed my mind D．calmed down 【小题6】A．disturb B．investigate C．fool D．attack三、阅读理解(注释)22、 Students at Empire High School started class with no text books －but it wasn’t because of money problems. Instead, the school gave iBooks －laptop computersto each of its 340 students, becoming one of the first US public schools to stop printed textbooks. School officials believe that the electronic materials will make students enjoy learning more. Empire High Schoolwas designed to have a textbook-free environment. Students at Empire High School get the materials over the school’s Internet network. The school has a central control system that limits what can be downloaded(下载) at the school. “Students can hand in homework online. We have a web program that helps to check if you copy from others,” the headmaster Baker said. In addition to offering up-to-date information, teachers can make the lessons more enjoyable. For example, lessons in history can include links to a person’s daily life, his ideas, his discovery, and so on. Social studies teacher Jeremy Gypton said the change was easier than expected. Gypton said he assigned reading based on websites, used online groups and message boards to keep the students connected. And he also asked them to comment （评论）on each other’s work. Julian Tarazon, a new student, said that it was kind of hard at first, because you had to put things in folders(文件夹). But after a couple of days, you got used to it. Another student Morgan Northcutt said the computer system had made it easier to do homework. The school isn’t completely paperless, however. It has a library, and studen ts can read books in it. “We’re not trying to get rid of books,” Baker said. “We love books.” 【小题1】The students at Empire High School will study in class without ___________ this year. A ．text messages B ．printed textbooks C ．reading materials D ．electric machines 【小题2】The teachers at Empire High School began to use iBooks because they___________. A ．had money problems B ．had limited network C ．wanted to improve their teaching D ．wanted a web program 【小题3】A central control system can help to control __________. A ．how much to download B ．what to download C ．how to download D ．why to download 【小题4】The underlined word “assigned” probably means “___________”. A ．说明 B ．完成 C ．转让 D ．布置 【小题5】The biggest advantage of the homework online is that___________.B ．information online is availableC ．there is a lot of reading based on websitesD ．it provides a platform for students to share ideas 【小题6】 The best title of the passage might be “___________”. A ．High School uses iBooks instead of textbooks B ．Don’t try to get rid of books C ．Learning without textbooks is harder D ．Doing homework online 23、Complete the following sentences as required (根据所给要求，完成下列句子。
上海市虹口区2014届高三12月月考练习英语试题(A卷)及答案
虹口区2013学年度第一学期高三年级英语分层练习(A卷)考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1—9页）和第Ⅱ卷（第10页），全卷共10页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Kate. B. Anna. C. Jane. D. Mary.2. A. 2:05. B. 1:55. C. 1:45. D. 2:15.3. A. Malaysia. B. Korea. C. Japan. D. Singapore.4. A. A doctor. B. A professor. C. A guide. D. A businessman.5. A. She hasn’t a dictionary. B. She is not sure how to read the word.C. She has looked the word up in the dictionary.D. She is going to buy a dictionary.6. A. To live in the country. B. To live in a big city alone.C. To live with her parents.D. To live in a big city.7. A. Buying another bicycle. B. Buying a used bicycle.C. Buying a new bicycle.D. Not buying a bicycle.8. A. There’s something wrong with the bus. B. He’s in the hospital.C. It’s going in the wrong direction.D. He missed the bus.9. A. Please sit down. B. She doesn’t want the man to sit with her.C. She’ll mind if he sits down.D. It doesn’t matter whether he sits down or not.10. A. To draw a picture. B. To open the window.C. To look at somebody.D. To take a photo with the camera.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Freezing. D. Wet.12. A. Two to four feet. B. Three feet. C. Seven feet. D. Two to three feet.13. A. A gallery. B. An exhibit. C. A device. D. A Coffee Shop.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A certificate. B. A sofa. C. A visit to a dog hotel. D. A spa (水疗).15. A. By reviewing a vet’s certificate. B. By collecting information from witnesses.C. By checking the photographs.D. All of the above.16. A. Because she is dying. B. Because she is too old to move forward.C. Because she suffers from joint problems.D. Because she usually has spa at home.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)After the birth of my second child, I got a job at a restaurant. Having worked with _____25_____ experienced waitress for a few days, I was allowed to wait tables on my own. Allwent well that first week. When Saturday night came, I _____26_____ (give) the tables not far from the kitchen. However, I still felt it a little hard to carry the heavy trays(托盘).The restaurant was full of people _____27 _____I could realize that. I moved slowly, and minded every step. I remember how happy I was when I saw the tray stand near the tables; It had nice handles, _____28_____ (make) it easier to move around. I was pleased with everything and began to believe I was a natural at this job.Then, an old man came to me and said, “Excuse me, dear, my wife and I loved watching you work. _____29_____ seems that your tray stand has been very useful to you, but we are getting ready to leave now, and my wife _____30_____ wait to take her walker back.”At first his message did not get across. “What was he talking about!”Then, I got it. I _____31_____(set) my trays on his wife’s orthopedic walker(助步器). My face was on fire. I wanted to get into a hole and hide.Since then, I’ve learned that sometimes there’s no point _____32_____ (be) too sure of myself.(B)There are a variety of techniques used to bring about success in selling. Here are the most important ones _____33_____ are often mentioned by successful salespeople.•Find out _____34_____ your customers’real wants and needs are. Listen as they tell you their favours.•Know all about your product and what it can do for your customers. Product knowledge is a “must”in personal selling because it creates confidence, builds enthusiasm, and makes the situation more professional. Lay emphasis on the unique advantage of your product _____35_____ others.•Take a confident attitude in selling your product. It is _____36_____(effective) when the salesperson says, “May I help you?”than when he or she says “You wouldn’t like to see our model, _____37_____you?”•Prepare yourself _____38_____(deal) with objections. If the customer says the price is too high, you might reply, “Yes, the price may be a little higher than _____39_____(plan). However, actually, you will save money _____40_____ high quality of this product.”Don’t disagree with your customer in any case when he or she says the price is too high.•Use praise wisely.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Television watching is an activity which is known to be harmful to health and is distinct fromgetting too little exercise. But a new study suggests its damaging effects may even _____41_____ alongside those from smoking and obesity(肥胖). Researchers who studied television viewing habits in Australia calculated that people who watch for a(n) _____42_____ of six hours a day shorten their life expectancy(预期寿命) by almost five years.They based their calculations on data on the _____43 _____between television viewing and death from the Australian obesity and lifestyle study which involved 11,000 adults aged 25 and over. Applying these findings to the whole population over 25, who are estimated to have watched 9.8 billion hours of TV in 2008, they concluded that it _____44_____ for 286,000 years of life lost — equivalent to 22 minutes for each hour watched. By _____45_____, smoking one cigarette is estimated to shorten life expectancy by 11 minutes — equivalent to half an hour of TV watching.Writing in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, the authors from the University of Queensland, say the figures suggest “huge loss of life may be _____46_____ with too much TV viewing.” The UK and other industrialized countries are likely to be similarly affected “given the typically large amounts of time spent watching TV and the similarities in disease patterns.” The researchers add: “If these figures are_____47_____ and shown to reflect a cause and effect relationship, TV viewing is a public health problem comparable in size to established behavioral risk factors.”Researchers from Taiwan University found even those who did as little as 92 minutes’exercise a week —equivalent to 15 minutes a day for six days a week —reduced their _____48_____ of death by 14 per cent. Even this small amount of exercise could _____49_____ one in six of all deaths —similar to the effects of a stop-smoking programme. Each _____50_____ 15 minutes a day reduced the death rate by a further 4 per cent.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.To understand how Americans think about things, it is necessary to understand “the point”. Americans mention it often: “Let’s get right to the point”, they will say: “My point is …”“What’s the point of all this?”The “point”is the _____51_____ or piece of information that Americans suppose is, or should be, _____52_____ of people’s thinking, writings, and spoken comments. Speakers and writers are supposed to ”make their points clear”, _____53_____ that they are supposed to say or write clearly the idea or piece of information they wish to _____54_____.People from many other cultures have different ideas about the _____55_____. Africans traditionally tell stories that express the _____56_____ they have in mind, rather than stating out “the point”clearly. Japanese traditionally speak _____57_____, leaving the listener to _____58_____ what the point is. _____59_____, while an American might say to a friend, “I don’t think that coat goes very well with the rest of your outfit”, a Japanese might say, “Maybe another coat would look even _____60_____ than the one you have on.”Americans _____61_____ a person who “gets right to the point”. Japanese are likely to consider such a person lacking thoughtfulness and sympathy if not _____62_____.The Chinese and Japanese languages are characterized by vagueness and ambiguity(模棱两可). The precision and directness Americans associate with “the point” cannot be _____63_____, at least not with any grace, in Chinese and Japanese. Speakers of those languages thus have to _____64_____ a new way of reasoning and expressing their ideas _____65_____ they are going to communicate satisfactorily with Americans.51. A. word B. idea C. place D. time52. A. at the center B. on the basis C. on the part D. beyond the reach53. A. thinking B. explaining C. meaning D. stating54. A. discuss B. remember C. express D. criticize55. A. point B. information C. reasons D. feelings56. A. comments B. meanings C. secret D. thought57. A. frankly B. indirectly C. reluctantly D. truly58. A. figure out B. search for C. make up D. look over59. A. Otherwise B. However C. Moreover D. Thus60. A. tighter B. better C. thicker D. longer61. A. value B. forgive C. punish D. insult62. A. sensitive B. foolish C. rude D. loyal63. A. corrected B. achieved C. changed D. explained64. A. learn B. consider C. suggest D. decide65. A. although B. because C. until D. ifSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When you are little, it’s not hard to believe you can change the world. I remember my enthusiasm when, at the age of 12, I addressed the delegates at the Rio Earth Summit. “I am only a child,” I told them. “Yet I know that if all the money spent on war was spent on ending poverty and finding environmental answers, what a wonderful place this would be. In school you teach us not to fight with others, to work things out, to respect others, to clean up our mess, not to hurt other creatures, to share, not to be greedy. Then why do you go out and do the thing you tell us not to do? You grown-ups say you love us, but I challenge you, please, to make your actions reflect your words.”I spoke for six minutes and received a standing ovation. Some of the delegates even cried. I thought that maybe I had reached some of them, that my speech might actually spur(激励) action. Now, a decade from Rio, after I’ve sat through many more conferences, I’m not sure what has been accomplished. My confidence in the people in power and in the power of an individual’s voice to reach them has been deeply shaken.When I was little, the world was simple. But as a young adult, I’m learning that as we have to make choices —education, career, lifestyle —life gets more and more complicated. We are beginning to feel pressure to produce and be successful. We are taught that economic growth is in progress, but aren’t taught how to pursue a happy, healthy or sustainable(可持续的) way of living.And we are learning that what we wanted for the future when we were 12 was ideal and innocent.Today I’m no longer a child, but I’m worried about what kind of environment my children will grow up in. I know change is possible, because I am changing, still figuring out what I think. I am still deciding how to live my life. The challenges are great, but if we accept individual responsibility and make sustainable choices, we will rise to the challenges, and we will become part of the positive tide of change.66. The purpose of what the writer said at the age of 12 was to _____.A. end poverty and make school beautifulB. find environmental answers and keep the words that they always told themselvesC. end poverty and solve the problems about environmentD. find a wonderful place and clean it up67. What does the underlined word “ovation” in the second paragraph refer to _____.A. a long period of laughingB. a warm welcomeC. an expression used for greetingD. a long period of clapping and applause68. It becomes clear that the writer is possibly _____ now.A. in his teensB. in his twentiesC. in his thirtiesD. in his forties69. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. the writer thinks what he thought at the age of 12 is mature.B. the writer’s children will certainly live in an ideal environment.C. the writer’s confidence in the people in power has deeply shaken their voice.D. the writer’s belief does not change when he grows up.(B)70. Zeo is a revolution in the science of sleep mainly because it _____.A. can record one’s sleep processB. is the first product to manage one’s sleepC. is free of medical risksD. provides access to sleep fitness websites71. What is the most remarkable feature of Zeo?A. Its direct contact with sleep scientists.B. Its individualized coaching program.C. Its effectiveness in curing sleep disorders.D. Its immediate analysis of sleep data.70. What customer service does Zeo provide?A. Cheap online tools.B. A 30-day action plan.C. Personalized bedside display.D. Free delivery of the product.71. The passage is primarily written to _____.A. encourage people to try the new productB. instruct people how to use a new toolC. provide the latest health informationD. illustrate the importance of good sleep habit(C)Although websites such as Facebook and MySpace experienced rapid growth during the middle of the first decade of the 21st century, some users remain unaware of the fact that the information they post online can come back to haunt them. First, employers can monitor employees who maintain a blog, photo diary, or website. Employers can look for controversial(引起争议的) employee opinions, sensitive information disclosures, or wildly inappropriate conduct. For example, a North Carolina newspaper fired one of its features writers after she created a blog on which she wrote about the strange things of her job and coworkers without signing her real name.The second unintended use of information from social networking websites is employers who check on prospective employees. A June 11, 2006 New York Times article reported that many companies use search engines and social networking websites such as MySpace, Xanga, and Facebook to conduct background checks on college campuses. Although the use of MySpace or Google to check a student’s background is somewhat unsettling to many undergraduates, the Times noted that the use of Facebook is especially shocking to students who believe that Facebook is limited to current students and recent alum(校友).Corporate employers are not the only people interested in college students’ lives. The third unintended use of social networking websites is college administrators who monitor the Internet — especially Facebook — for student bad behavior. For example, a college in Boston’s Back Bay expelled (除名) its student Government Association President for joining a Facebook group highly critical of a campus police sergeant. In addition, fifteen students at a state university in North Carolina faced charges in court for underage drinking because of photos that appeared on Facebook.Although more users of websites such as Facebook are becoming aware of the potential dangers of online identities, many regular users still fail to take three basic security precautions(警惕). First, only make your information available to a specific list of individuals whom you approve. Second, regularly search for potentially harmful information about yourself that may have been posted by mistake or by a disgruntled(不满的) former associate. Third, never post obviously offensive material under your name or on your page, because, despite the best precautions, this material will likely make its way to the wider world. By taking these simple steps, members of the digital world can realize the many benefits of e-community without experiencing some of the damaging unintended consequences.74. The main purpose of the passage is to _____.A. explain the growth of the digital world from the view of privacyB. discuss the risks of the digital world and suggest ways to protect yourselfC. propose steps Facebook, MySpace, and Google can take to protect user privacyD. illustrate potential unintended uses of private information75. The writer implies that users should take all of the following actions to protect their online privacy EXCEPT _____.A. know to whom you make your online information availableB. actively hunt for damaging information posted about you or under your nameC. speak with employers to inform them of any misinformation published about youD. avoid uploading information that would be extremely damaging if it were discovered76. According to the passage, which of the following does the author imply?A. Information obtained unwillingly from the Internet is permitted in court.B. It is impossible to protect yourself from unintended uses of information online.C. Even if you restrict who can view your data, the government may still access it.D. Done properly, posting offensive information about oneself brings no risk.77. In the last paragraph the author mainly _____.A. offers detailed examples to support previous viewpointsB. further explores the ill-effects of the Internet on the protection of privacyC. summarizes the points of the above paragraphsD. provides suggestions to overcome the previously mentioned problemsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.New technology links the world as never before. Our plant has shrunk. It’s now a “global village” where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills.Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern business people who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modern markets, success overseas often help support domestic business efforts.Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “out of sight and out of mind.”He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company’s plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad. If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more prevalent(流行的).Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets.English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isn’t generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal.The employee posted abroad who speaks the country’s principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employer at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN SIX WORDS.)78. In this passage, “out of sight and out of mind”in paragraph 3 probably means ________________.79. What is the author’s attitude toward high-tech communications equipment?80. According to the passage, what is an important consideration of international corporations inemploying people today?81. The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can __________________.第II卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 不努力我们是很容易落伍的。
2014上海虹口区高考英语二模试题（附答案）
虹口区2014年英语学科高考练习题2014.4 考生注意: 1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1—10页）和第Ⅱ卷（第11页），全卷共11页。
第I卷第1-16小题、第41-77小题为选择题，答题必须涂在答题纸上，第I卷第17-40小题、第78-81小题和第II卷的答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I 卷(共103分) I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. A carpenter. B. A doctor. C. An electrician. D. An editor. 2. A. $40. B. $30. C. $20. D. $10. 3. A. Confused. B. Sympathetic. C. Embarrassed. D. Uninterested. 4. A. Leave right away. B. Stay for dinner. C. Catch a train. D. Have a meeting. 5. A. He believes that Jack will sell his house. B. He believes that Jack is joking. C. He disagrees with Jack. D. He believes that Jack will quit his job. 6. A. There won’t be enough cups left. B. They’ve got plenty of cups.C. They’re buying what they need.D. They’ve got e nough food for the picnic. 7. A. Jerry really wants the scholarship. B. No one wants the scholarship. C. Jerry isn’t interested in the scholarship.D. Others like the scholarship more than Jerry. 8. A. He did better than expected. B. He failed the maths exam. C. He used to be a top student. D. He answered only 10% of the questions. 9. A. He rarely receives letters from home. B. He is expecting a letter from abroad. C. He wrote to his family last month. D. He is anxious to go back home. 10. A. He’s afraid to take exams.B. He only took the fourth exam. C. He isn’t the only one who was graded.D. He didn’t get the highest score on one exam.Complete the form. Write Information about Applying for Driving LicenceThe man’s nationality: The man’s identity:The subject the man is teaching: Not a 17 , but a Chinese A visiting 18 19 The cost of an official translation: 20 dollars Complete the form. Write In the 21 of a company. In which section of the company does the woman work? What can be the best ways of gaining experience? 22 . Why does the woman raise a dog? Helping to 23 of her work. How does the woman deal with the difficult people? Try to be 24 . VocabularyA25 rejected 27 living 26 was rejected been living 28 I came home for Thanksgiving. At first, everything was going as my mother. 29 30 mom informed me that she wanted me home at one a.m. I was wild with anger! I were the 31 32 33 34 scientist appreciates appreciates 35 36 strive 37 may strive obtain 38 to obtain 39 or no training in science 40 A. adapt B. natives C. identities D. cost-saving E. alert F. instead G. established H. practically I. route J. enrolled K. significant already established digital 41 were just not being used, but, 42 , the college will offer freshman 43 year, freshman il to the student’s already 44 45 to the cloud. While the Boston College decision may have been made for 46 47 By going this 48 , there are still some challenges to overcome, though. For example, a forget to 49 on 50 AB, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. 51 sharper working 52 . . A 53 54 According to the Harvard Health Letter, several studies have shown that people 55 , a 2007 study information better when they take a nap shortly after learning it. And, most 56 57 58 59 can 60 According to , you 61 62 63 Pick a dark, cozy place that’s not too warm or too chilly. 64 study 65 Every Every so so so often, often, often, one one one of of of those those those magazines magazines magazines would would would run run run an an an article article article on on on the the the ―Car ―Car of of the the the Futureǁ. Futureǁ. Futureǁ. They They featured unconventional things like small nuclear reactors as power sources. Yet, frankly, my car doesn’t do anything that my brother’s Studebaker didn’t do. It goes, it stops, it burns gasoline. I still have to steer it, and it still runs into things if I don’t steer it carefully.But guess what? All of these things are likely to change in the not-so-distant future. It may not burn gasoline, I may not have to steer it, and it may be a lot better at not running into things. Airbags Airbags aren’t aren’t aren’t the the the be be be-all -all -all and and and end-all end-all end-all in in in safety. safety. safety. In In In fact, fact, fact, considering considering considering the the the recent recent recent news news news about about people occasionally being killed by their airbags in low-speed crashes, they obviously still need some development. But they aren’t going away, and in fact, you can expect to see cars appearing with additional, side-impact airbags, something some European car manufacturers already offer. Better than systems tominimize injury in the event of an accident, however, are systems that minimize the likelihood of an accident happening in the first place? Future cars may be able to remove many of the major causes of accidents, including drunk-driving, and tailgating (与前车距离过近). ). Cars Cars Cars could could could be be be equipped equipped equipped with with with sensors sensors sensors that that that can can can detect detect detect alcohol alcohol alcohol in in in a a a driver’s driver’s driver’s system system system and and prevent the car from being started, for example. As early as next year, you’ll be able to buy cars with radar-equipped control s ystems. If the radar determines you’re closing too quickly with the car in front, it will ease up on the throttle （油门）. Scientists are now working on a system that can brake, accelerate and steer a vehicle down a highway on its own. Will cars eventually be able to drive themselves? 66. The author was fascinated by cars because ________. A. other small boys liked to own a car of their own, too B. he read untraditional things about cars in his brother’s magazinesC. his oldest brother loved to take him to places in his car D. he often booked cool car magazines himself 67. 67. By By By saying saying saying ――my car doesn’t do anything that my brother’s Studebaker didn’t do ǁ, ǁ, the the author means that ________. A. my car is far better than my brother’sB. my car is not as good as my broth er’sC. much improvement has been made in the design of cars recently D. not much has changed in the performance of cars so far 68. Which of the following statements is true of airbags? A. They are going to disappear gradually. B. They are in need of further improvement. C. They are a standard feature of European cars. D. They kill people instead of protecting them in low-speed crashes. 69. According to the author, what will future cars do if the sensors detect alcohol in the driver’s system? A. They will not start. B. They will ease up on the throttle. C. They will brake automatically. D. They will give a warning in advance. Global English CenterGeneral English in all four skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. *3-month（700 yuan）, 6-month（1,200 yuan）and one-year（2,000 yuan）courses. —Fri. *Choice of morning or evening classes, 3 hours per day, Mon.*Experienced college English teachers. *Close to city center and bus stops. Tel: 67705272 Add: 105 Zhongshan Road, 100082 Modern Language SchoolSpecial courses in English for business, travel, banking, hotel management and office skills. *Small classes（12-16 students）on Sat. & Sun. from 2:00-5:00 p. m. *Native English teachers from Canada and the USA. *Language lab and computers supplied. *3-month course: 1,050 yuan; 6-month course: 1,850 yuan. Write or phone: Modern Language School, 675 Park Road. 100056 Tel: 67353019 The 21st Century English Training Centre*We specialize in effective teaching at all levels. *We offer morning or afternoon classes. Both three months and a half at a cost of 800 yuan. *We also have a six-week TOEFL preparation class during winter and summer holidays. *Entrance exams：June 1 and Dec. 1. *Only 15-minute walk from city center. Call 67801642 for more information. The International House of English*Three／Six-month English courses for students of all levels at very low cost: 60 yuan for 12 hours per week. *Convenient class hours: 9:00-12:00 a. m. and 2:00-5:00 p.m. *A four-month evening program for developing speaking skills（same cost as day classes）. *Free sightseeing and social activities. *Very close to the Central Park. For further information call 67432308. receiving that technology can be met through expansion. The airliner market is not such a device. The The danger danger danger comes comes comes when when when the the the new new new entrant entrant entrant no no no longer longer longer needs needs needs the the the established established established Western Western Western partner partner because it has acquired the technical and intellectual ability to design and build its own aircraft. An Asian partner may well find itself in the happy position of having the low-cost labour base, the high-cost technology base and the vital financial base to build a new airliner. 74. T he author’s attitude towards Western/Eastern cooperation can be described as ________. A. positive B. progressive C. conservative D. negative 75. ―The airliner market is not such a deviceǁ means that the airliner market ________.A. does not encourage technology transfer B. is too limited to offer chances of success C. requires hi-tech rather than unaccepted devices D. is full of competitions for new entrants 76. According to the author, a wise established manufacturer should ________. A. try to benefit from both financial and technical resources B. break up his partnership with the East once profits are made C. keep a tight told over hi-tech development and marketing of airliners D. cooperate with Asian partners for a short time 77. The word ―baseǁ i n the last paragraph represents ________. A. a place for aircraft production B. the operation of aircraft C. a research institute D. a position where to build office Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. ―There is a senseless concept that children grow up and leave home when they are 18, and the truth truth is is is far far far from from from that,ǁ that,ǁ that,ǁ says says says sociologist sociologist sociologist Larry Larry Larry Bumpass Bumpass Bumpass of of of the the the University University University of of of Wisconsin. Wisconsin. Wisconsin. Today, Today, unexpected numbers of young adults are living with their parents. Analysts raised a variety of reasons for this return to the nest. One important reason is that the marriage age is rising, a condition that makes home and its pleasantness particularly attractive to young people, which is second to skyrocketing housing costs to which young people find their wings wings attached. attached. attached. Besides, Besides, Besides, a a a high high high divorce divorce divorce rate rate rate and and and a a a declining declining declining remarriage remarriage remarriage rate rate rate are are are sending sending economically economically pressed pressed pressed and and and emotionally emotionally emotionally hurt hurt hurt survivors survivors survivors back back back to to to parental parental parental shelters. shelters. shelters. For For For some, some, some, the the expense of an away-from-home college education has become so great that many many students now students now attend local schools. Living at home, says Knighton, a school teacher, continues to give her security and moral support. Her mother agreed, ―It is ri diculous for the kids to pay all that money for rent. It makes sense for kids to stay at home.ǁ But sharing the family home requires adjustments for all. There are are the the the quarrels quarrels quarrels over over over bathrooms, bathrooms, bathrooms, telephones telephones telephones and and and privacy. privacy. privacy. Some Some Some families, families, families, however, however, however, manage manage manage the the delicate delicate balancing balancing balancing act. act. act. But But But for for for others, others, others, it it it proves proves proves too too too difficult. difficult. difficult. Michelle Michelle Michelle Del Del Del Turco, Turco, Turco, 24, 24, 24, has has has been been home three times — and left three times. ―What I considered a social drink, my dad considered an alcohol problem,ǁ she explains. ―He never liked anyone I dated, s o I either had to hide away to meet them at friends’ houses.ǁIt is really hard to say how long adult children should live with their parents before moving on. on. Nevertheless, Nevertheless, Nevertheless, it it it is is is commonly commonly commonly recognized recognized recognized that that that lengthy lengthy lengthy homecomings homecomings homecomings are are are a a a mistake mistake mistake and and and they they accidentally accidentally destroy destroy destroy the the the advantage advantage advantage of of of brief brief brief visits visits visits that that that will will will strengthen strengthen strengthen the the the relationship relationship relationship between between parents and children. Children, struggling to establish separate identities, can end up with ―a sense of inadequacy, defeat and failure.ǁ And aging parents, who should be enjoying some financial and personal freedom, find themselves stuck with responsibilities, which is definitely a stress for them. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS .)78. What’s the most important reason for young adults’ returning to the nest?79. Knighton enjoys living at home due to ________. 80. What has resulted in the Michelle Del Turco’s unhappy experience with her dad?81. From the passage, we can conclude it is ________ that benefit(s) both adult children and their parents to avoid lengthy homecomings. 第 II 卷 (共47分) I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1. 他们的建议听起来和我们的同样可行。
2014年高三英语二模翻译部分keys
上海各区县2014年高三英语二模翻译汇编Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．他们的建议听起来和我们的同样可行。
(as…as)2．一到机场，玛丽就发现把护照忘在家里了。
(Hardly)3．正是他对我们表现的评价，表明我们已经步入正轨了。
(track)4．我没想到那个曾经受到高度赞扬的钢琴家结果却令观众大失所望。
(turn out)5．如果不能独立找出提高学习效率的方法，你就很难取得令人满意的成绩。
(unless)1. Their suggestions sound as feasible/ practical as ours.（2+2）2. Hardly had Marry arrived at the airport when she found that she had left her passport at home.（2+1+1）3. It was his comment on our performance that showed we had been on the right track.（2+1+1）4. It never occurred to me that the pianist who had once been highly praised of/ hadonce been thought highly of turned out to be a great disappointment to the audience/ make the audience disappointing.(2+2+1)5. It’s hard for you to get/ gain satisfying achievements unless you can find the way to improve learning efficiency.(2+2+1)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.这位医生已经说服了很多人戒烟。
2014上海市各区高三英语二模整理汇编【十一选十】
（1）虹口Officials at Boston College have made what may be a critical decision: they‘ve stopped giving out new email accounts to incoming students. The officials realized that the students had already established digital 41 by the time they entered college, so the new email addresses were just not being used, but, 42 , the college will offer forwarding (转发) services.Starting next year, freshman 43 at Boston College won‘t be given an actual email account complete with login and inbox, just an email address. This address, in the format of johnsmith@bc. edu will simply forward mail to the student‘s already 44 inbox, be it Gmail, Windows Live Mail, Yahoo Mail, AOL, or whatever else they may be using.The college reached a smart decision after first looking into outsourcing(外包) their email to the cloud. While the Boston College decision may have been made for 45 reasons more than anything, we can easily imagine this as being the start of a new trend.Can you even imagine a U.S. college student who didn‘t have an email address of their own by the time they w e r e a f r e s h m a n?I t‘s46u n h e a r d o f.T o d a y‘s s t u d e n t s a r e d i g i t a l 47 immersed (浸润) in t echnology from the day they were born. It simply doesn‘t make sense to give them yet another account to manage when they enter college.By going this 48 , there are still some challenges to overcome, though. For example, a student who changes their email carrier will probably forget to 49 the institution to the change and could then miss out on 50 messages from the university with regard to their courses, scholarship, safety information, etc.In the end, we think the decision Boston College made could easily be the start of a new trend. We‘re sure the students like it, too.（2When US‘ Duke University second-year student Christian Drappi sees someone using a Square (an electronic payment service) credit card reader, he pulls out his phone, takes a picture and uploads it to Twitter. ―It kind of spreads like __41__ through Twitter,‖ said Drappi, who is a campus brand representative for Squa re.Companies are __42__ using college campus brand representatives to spread the word about their products. These representatives often rely on word-of-mouth tools like social media to __43__ the company and any promotional events they host.Though the brand representative is no stranger to the college marketing scene, social media are changing how these representatives __44__ with students of their same age and how effectively their message is communicated. Companies like Red Bull, Microsoft and Twitter all have campus representatives __45__ to spreading good news about the brand.―Campus representatives approach students groups, local merchants and other prospective users to demonstrate how the card reader works and its advantages over __46__ mach ines.‖ Adam Bassett, who runs the Square U program said.Cord Silverstein, executive vice president of interactive communications at the Raleigh advertising agency Capstrat, said, ―Social media have made it easier than ever for college students to share opinions on a productwith their friends. Someone‘s friend, someone they __47__, like a student or a professor, these people are having much greater influence on what college students think, like and don‘t like, because they trust their opinions.‖When looking at representative __48__, McCarthy, who heads the campus representative program for Square, said the company looks for __49__ students who are social-media understanding. ―Three or four years ago, brand representatives on campus were a(n) __50__ idea. Now companies have them everywhere. There‘s only so much mindshare to capture.‖ McCathy emphasized.（3）静杨青宝Americans know the benefits of having a healthy diet. In school, children learn to eat a variety of healthy foods. People grow up aware of the value of __41__ calories. They hear about the health dangers of chemicals added to __42__ food. They realize they shouldn‘t eat too many sweets or fats. Many American consumers read __43__ carefully for nutrition information. That way they can compare products and eat the best foods.Keeping fit — or maybe getting in shape — is often hi gh on the list of New Year‘s resolutions for Americans. In the past two decades, fitness has become a fashion. Many Americans have joined health clubs to work out with __44__ equipment. Sports stores sell sports shoes and clothing for every possible exercise __45__. People can even buy weights and equipment and set up their own exercise center at home!Statistics give health experts good reason to be disappointed. Americans exercise less than they used to. The number of people taking part in fitness activities __46__ from 41.7 million in 1991 to only 32 million in 1993. Among high school students, only 37 percent __47__ three times per week. However, 70 percent of teenagers watch at least an hour of TV every day, and 38 percent watch over three hours. As a result, the __48__ American gained eight pounds during the 1980‘s. At least one-third of Americans weigh 20 percent more than their ideal weight.Still, by many __49__, Americans enjoy good health. Medical care in the United States, while expensive, is among the best in the world. The U.S. Government __50__ strict food inspections to ensure that food is of the highest quality. Food producers must label products accurately. Many resources, such as magazines, TV programs and even the Internet, allow people to find out how to improve their health. Americans know how to make themselves more healthy. They just need to do it.(4)浦东wide variety of tissues, including bits of lung, kidney and heart muscle. Now the world‘s first publicl y traded 3D bio-printing company is getting ____41____ for production. In January slices of human liver tissue were ____42____ to an outside laboratory for testing. These ____43____ take about 30 minutes to produce, says Keith Murphy, the firm‘s chief exec utive Later this year Organovo aims to begin commercial sales.The invention of 3D printing provided a technology now ____44____ to manufacture everything from aircraft parts to body parts. But the ____45____ of 3D bio-printing is even brighter:to create human tissues for research, drug development and testing, and ____46____ as replacement organs, such as a kidney, for patients desperately in need of ____47____. Bio-printed organs could be made from patients‘ own cells and thus would not be ____48____ by their immune systems. They could also be manufactured on demand.A.achievedB. authorityC. availableD. codeE. dominatedF. educationalG. opinions H. matters I. related J. representativesK. symbolizationAt present only a few of companies are trying to ____49____ the production of bio-printed tissues. But Thomas Boland, an early pioneer in the field, says that plenty of others are interested. He also estimates that about 80 teams at research institutions around the world are now trying to print ____50____ small pieces of tissues such as skin,blood vessels, liver, lung and heart. ―It‘s a wonderful technology to build three -dimensional biological structures,‖ says Gabor Forgacs, who co -founded Organovo in 2007.(5) 普陀It isimportant that students‘ feelings, opinions and suggestions are listened to, taken into account, and that the right action is taken. There are a number of ways that this can be __41__, i.e. school councils, year councils and peer mentoring.School councilsMost scho ols have a school council which exists to let the teachers and head teacher know what students‘ __42__ are on a range of school issues. The school council usually consists of two or three elected __43__ from each year group.A school council might meet once or twice a month to discuss issues such as the dress __44__, the use of social areas, charity fundraising and bullying.Year councilsBecause school councils are sometimes __45__ by older students, some schools have introduced year councils. The aim of a year council is to give students the opportunity to express opinions on __46__ of importance to that particular year group. The following is an example of the rules relating to a school‘s council for year 8 (pupils aged 12-13).The head of year will attend all council meetings as an observer and both they and the other year staff will be __47__ as required to offer support and advice to council members and to assist in the settlement of arguments.Peer mentoringThere are other ways in which students‘ voi ces can be heard. One of the most popular schemes involves peer mentoring. Those who express an interest receive training to become mentors (导师) so that they are better equipped to help others. This starts from primary school age, when the mentors may get involved in issues __48__ to conflict resolution. At secondary school and at university, mentors are likely to deal with a larger variety of issues, such as __49__ and health-related matters.The belief in schemes like these is that being heard by your peers can be more effective and helpful as fellow students may have more time and understanding than teachers or others in __50__.Telling Tales―Here‘s a nice bit of gossip!‖ Do I have your attention? Probably. Welisten, but 41______ we often feel terrible with ourselves. That‘s the problemwith gossip: it‘s something that as a social species we are primed to enjoy, but it can also be 42______ and harmful.Not all gossip is bad. Small talk establishes relationships and 43______ the other person that our intentions are friendly. So gossip, in the sense of exchanging bits and pieces of news about ourselves and others, can be perfectly 44______. If I say to you, ―Let‘s meet for coffee and have a bit of a gossip,‖ I‘m inviting you to a social 45______ in which two people chew the fat. There is nothing wrong with that: life would be very dull if we were unable to talk about what goes on around us.But it‘s not that simple. If we say that somebody is a gossip, we do not mean that he or she enjoys gentle social chat: it carries a crueler 46______. A true gossip enjoys spreading stories about other people --- stories in which others do not usually come out 47______. The gossip is one who spreads bad gossip; good gossip is still fine, but it‘s not what gossips spread. The distinction between good and b ad gossip is not always clear. It would be easy if we could 48______ the two by saying that bad gossip is just about people; but innocent gossip may be about people too. The best way to tell the difference is to look at the intention behind the remarks. Bad gossip 49______ itself in its desire to make the 50______ of the story look foolish. It also intrudes on their privacy. So we all know the difference.Now then, did you hear about ...If this summer you pay a visit to Milan, the fashion center of Italy, make sure you‘re not caught eating ice cream in the streets after midnight as doing so is now ___41___.A new law was passed by Milan‘s city council banning the sale of take-away food and drinks after midnight in some districts which are famous for their nightlife ___42___. The purpose of this unusual move is, according to the city council, to discourage night gathering in downtown areas.The law inevitably has given rise to a number of protests, accusing that the government has ___43___ people‘s normal lives. However, if you take into consideration the country‘s ___44___ economy and its high unemployment rate, the local government‘s fear of ‗night assembling‘may be reasonable.In fact, Milan‘s law is only the strangest of a host of restrictions on nightlife that have ___45___ up in European cities recently. Madrid‘s city center was declared a ‗low-noise zone‘ last September and the city council has been refusing to ___46___ bar and club licenses ever since.Why do European cities deal so strictly with nightlife? It may be because Europe‘s population is getting older and can no longer ___47___ late night activities within the neighborhood.In the past, bars and clubs bloomed in European city centers, which were ___48___ to working class populations. But gradually, these people began to move out of the city centers and into the suburbs. Only the wealthy and the upper-class people can afford to live in ___49___ centers now. But t hese people don‘t go to bars and clubs to socialize. Instead, they consider fun-seekers who wander in their neighborhoods annoying. They also worry that bars and clubs will make their neighborhoods less ___50___ and devalue their housing property.Rain forests, found in Earth‘s temperate and tropical(热带的) zones, are some of the most biologicallyvaried ecosystems on the planet. All rain forests share certain ___41___ features, including a closed canopy, the dense vegetation of the top branches that forms a roof above the forest floor, a damp and warm climate, and ___42___ constant temperatures throughout the year. Most of the forest‘s insect and animal life grows well in the canopy‘s leafy and sunlit environment. The forest‘s groundcover, by comparison, is small. Less than 2 percent of the sun‘s light make s its way through the canopy and the darkness below. This darkness, along with the poor quality of the soils, ___43___ plant growth.Rain forests are a(n) ___44___ part of Earth‘s total ecology. Huge amounts of water are absorbed into tree roots and ___45___ into the atmosphere from the tree leaves through a process called transpiration (蒸发). Tree roots also fix the soil in place and slow the runoff of rains into rivers and oceans. Through the process of photosynthesis(光合作用), rain forests absorb more carbon dioxide and give off more oxygen than any other ecosystem.The rain forests are ___46___ shrinking at a rapid rate as a result of the profitable ventures of farming, logging, and mining. When tropical rain forests are ___47___ in order to raise cattle and crops, the nutrient-poor soils are quickly ___48___. When farmers move on to new areas, heavy rains and baking sun leave the land fruitless and lifeless. Logging and mining cause similar damage to the land and destroy the territory of ___49___ millions of birds, insects and animals. By some ___50___, an area of tropical rain forest the size of the state of Delaware disappears in this way every month.（9A new report by the World Health Organization (WHO) reveals that around one in a hundred deaths worldwide is due to passive smoking, which kills an estimated 600,000 people a year.In the first study to assess the global __41__ of second-hand smoke, WHO experts find that children are more __42__ exposed to second-hand smoke than any other age-group, and around 165,000 of them a year die because of it.Children‘s exposure to second-hand smoke is most likely to happen at home, and the double blow of infectious diseases and tobacco seems to be a deadly __43__ for children in these regions. Commenting on the findings, Heather Wipfli and Jonathan Samet from the University of Southern California, said policymakers try to __44__ families to stop smoking in the home.While deaths due to passive smoking in children were skewed (曲解) toward poor and middle-income countries, deaths in adults were __45__ across countries at all income levels.In Europe‘s high-income countries, only 71 child deaths occurred, while 35,388 deaths were in adults. Yet in the countries like Africa, an estimated 43,375 deaths due to passive smoking were in children __46__ with 9,514 in adults.Only 7.4 percent of the world population currently lives in places with __47__ smoke-free laws, and those laws are not always __48__ enforced (施行). In places where smoke-free rules are __49__, research shows that exposure to second-hand smoke in high-risk places like bars and restaurants can be cut by 90 percent, and in general by 60 percent, the researchers said.Studies also show such laws help to reduce the number of cigarettes smoked by smokers and lead to higher __50__ rates in those trying to quit.Which came first, the chicken or the egg? This question has remained unsolved for hundreds of years, yetsoon it might not be a problem anymore — the egg of the future may not 41a chicken at all.But if not from a chicken, where will the egg come from? Apparently, a plant is one of the possibilities, as Hampton Creek, a food technology company in San Francisco, US, has found. They created a 42 for eggs, called Beyond Eggs, using a mixture of 11 plants, including sunflowers and a variety of beans.Unlike the image you might now have in your mind, Beyond Eggs look nothing like 43 eggs. They are sold as gray powder that you mix with water before cooking. But the finalproduct tastes just like the real thing.But the question is, why 44 with ―plant eggs‖? What‘s the problem with ordinary eggs?The truth is that 99 percent of our eggs come from industrial warehouses (养鸡场仓库) where chickens are crowded into cages too small for them to even spread their wings. This cruelty is what 45 Hampton Creek to carry out the Beyond Eggs project in the first place.In addition, the cages where chickens are kept so close together are a hotbed for viruses. To help the chickens stay healthy, farmers feed them antibiotics (抗生素), which may cause dangerous bacteria to grow 46 to the drugs and 47 spread to humans through eggs and meat.In fact, 48 the egg is not a new idea, but Beyond Eggs seems to be the most successful attemptso far.Besides their great taste and eco-friendliness, Beyond Eggs provide the same nutritional 49 as real eggs, and they‘re even healthier since they don‘t contain cholesterol (胆固醇). The company also 50 that the cost of their products is around 19 percent less than real eggs, which makes them more affordable.（11）闵行―In wilderness is the preservation of the world.‖ This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism. The frequency with which it is borrowed41 a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out, there is a strong appeal in images of the wild, the untouched; more than anything else, they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly. The 42 to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong, and the danger exploitation brings to such landscapes is real. Some of these wildernesses also perform43 that humans need—the rainforests, for example, store carbon in vast quantities.Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the 44 view. He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation. But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human 45 , or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation. There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for 46 . While the ways of using resources have improved, there is still a growing need for raw materials, and some wildernesses contain them in abundance. If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide, the argument goes, there is no 47 reason not to do so. Being untouched is not, in itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others.I look forward to seeing these views taken further, and to their being 48 by the other participants. One opinion is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly. And there is a 49 question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidance of reason. Whatposition wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously50 much more serious thinking.虹口：41. C 42. F 43. J 44. G 45. D 46. H 47. B 48. I 49. E 50. K黄浦：41 – 45 KEHFB 46 – 50 JIACG静杨青宝41-50 DHAGE FIBKC浦东：普陀：41. A 42. G 43. J 44. D 45. E 46. H 47. C 48. I 49. F 50. B徐汇：41. H 42. K 43. A 44. F 45. D 46. I 47. B 48. C 49. G 50. E 闸北：41-45 E F K H A 46-50 D J B I C长宁嘉定：41-45 F G K D J 46-50 I H B A E崇明：41. C 42. J 43. I 44. K 45. B 46. F 47. A 48. H 49.E 50.G奉贤：41—45 I E A G C 46—50 J B K D H闵行：41. E 42. H 43. B 44. J 45. I 46. K 47. G 48. A 49. F 50. D。
上海市虹口区2014届高三12月月考练习英语试题(A卷)及答案
虹口区2013学年度第一学期高三年级英语分层练习(A卷)考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1—9页）和第Ⅱ卷（第10页），全卷共10页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Kate. B. Anna. C. Jane. D. Mary.2. A. 2:05. B. 1:55. C. 1:45. D. 2:15.3. A. Malaysia. B. Korea. C. Japan. D. Singapore.4. A. A doctor. B. A professor. C. A guide. D. A businessman.5. A. She hasn’t a dictionary. B. She is not sure how to read the word.C. She has looked the word up in the dictionary.D. She is going to buy a dictionary.6. A. To live in the country. B. To live in a big city alone.C. To live with her parents.D. To live in a big city.7. A. Buying another bicycle. B. Buying a used bicycle.C. Buying a new bicycle.D. Not buying a bicycle.8. A. There’s something wrong with the bus. B. He’s in the hospital.C. It’s going in the wrong direction.D. He missed the bus.9. A. Please sit down. B. She doesn’t want the man to sit with her.C. She’ll mind if he sits down.D. It doesn’t matter whether he sits down or not.10. A. To draw a picture. B. To open the window.C. To look at somebody.D. To take a photo with the camera.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Freezing. D. Wet.12. A. Two to four feet. B. Three feet. C. Seven feet. D. Two to three feet.13. A. A gallery. B. An exhibit. C. A device. D. A Coffee Shop.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A certificate. B. A sofa. C. A visit to a dog hotel. D. A spa (水疗).15. A. By reviewing a vet’s certificate. B. By collecting information from witnesses.C. By checking the photographs.D. All of the above.16. A. Because she is dying. B. Because she is too old to move forward.C. Because she suffers from joint problems.D. Because she usually has spa at home.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)After the birth of my second child, I got a job at a restaurant. Having worked with _____25_____ experienced waitress for a few days, I was allowed to wait tables on my own. Allwent well that first week. When Saturday night came, I _____26_____ (give) the tables not far from the kitchen. However, I still felt it a little hard to carry the heavy trays(托盘).The restaurant was full of people _____27 _____I could realize that. I moved slowly, and minded every step. I remember how happy I was when I saw the tray stand near the tables; It had nice handles, _____28_____ (make) it easier to move around. I was pleased with everything and began to believe I was a natural at this job.Then, an old man came to me and said, “Excuse me, dear, my wife and I loved watching you work. _____29_____ seems that your tray stand has been very useful to you, but we are getting ready to leave now, and my wife _____30_____ wait to take her walker back.”At first his message did not get across. “What was he talking about!”Then, I got it. I _____31_____(set) my trays on his wife’s orthopedic walker(助步器). My face was on fire. I wanted to get into a hole and hide.Since then, I’ve learned that sometimes there’s no point _____32_____ (be) too sure of myself.(B)There are a variety of techniques used to bring about success in selling. Here are the most important ones _____33_____ are often mentioned by successful salespeople.•Find out _____34_____ your customers’real wants and needs are. Listen as they tell you their favours.•Know all about your product and what it can do for your customers. Product knowledge is a “must”in personal selling because it creates confidence, builds enthusiasm, and makes the situation more professional. Lay emphasis on the unique advantage of your product _____35_____ others.•Take a confident attitude in selling your product. It is _____36_____(effective) when the salesperson says, “May I help you?”than when he or she says “You wouldn’t like to see our model, _____37_____you?”•Prepare yourself _____38_____(deal) with objections. If the customer says the price is too high, you might reply, “Yes, the price may be a little higher than _____39_____(plan). However, actually, you will save money _____40_____ high quality of this product.”Don’t disagree with your customer in any case when he or she says the price is too high.•Use praise wisely.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Television watching is an activity which is known to be harmful to health and is distinct fromgetting too little exercise. But a new study suggests its damaging effects may even _____41_____ alongside those from smoking and obesity(肥胖). Researchers who studied television viewing habits in Australia calculated that people who watch for a(n) _____42_____ of six hours a day shorten their life expectancy(预期寿命) by almost five years.They based their calculations on data on the _____43 _____between television viewing and death from the Australian obesity and lifestyle study which involved 11,000 adults aged 25 and over. Applying these findings to the whole population over 25, who are estimated to have watched 9.8 billion hours of TV in 2008, they concluded that it _____44_____ for 286,000 years of life lost — equivalent to 22 minutes for each hour watched. By _____45_____, smoking one cigarette is estimated to shorten life expectancy by 11 minutes — equivalent to half an hour of TV watching.Writing in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, the authors from the University of Queensland, say the figures suggest “huge loss of life may be _____46_____ with too much TV viewing.” The UK and other industrialized countries are likely to be similarly affected “given the typically large amounts of time spent watching TV and the similarities in disease patterns.” The researchers add: “If these figures are_____47_____ and shown to reflect a cause and effect relationship, TV viewing is a public health problem comparable in size to established behavioral risk factors.”Researchers from Taiwan University found even those who did as little as 92 minutes’exercise a week —equivalent to 15 minutes a day for six days a week —reduced their _____48_____ of death by 14 per cent. Even this small amount of exercise could _____49_____ one in six of all deaths —similar to the effects of a stop-smoking programme. Each _____50_____ 15 minutes a day reduced the death rate by a further 4 per cent.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.To understand how Americans think about things, it is necessary to understand “the point”. Americans mention it often: “Let’s get right to the point”, they will say: “My point is …”“What’s the point of all this?”The “point”is the _____51_____ or piece of information that Americans suppose is, or should be, _____52_____ of people’s thinking, writings, and spoken comments. Speakers and writers are supposed to ”make their points clear”, _____53_____ that they are supposed to say or write clearly the idea or piece of information they wish to _____54_____.People from many other cultures have different ideas about the _____55_____. Africans traditionally tell stories that express the _____56_____ they have in mind, rather than stating out “the point”clearly. Japanese traditionally speak _____57_____, leaving the listener to _____58_____ what the point is. _____59_____, while an American might say to a friend, “I don’t think that coat goes very well with the rest of your outfit”, a Japanese might say, “Maybe another coat would look even _____60_____ than the one you have on.”Americans _____61_____ a person who “gets right to the point”. Japanese are likely to consider such a person lacking thoughtfulness and sympathy if not _____62_____.The Chinese and Japanese languages are characterized by vagueness and ambiguity(模棱两可). The precision and directness Americans associate with “the point” cannot be _____63_____, at least not with any grace, in Chinese and Japanese. Speakers of those languages thus have to _____64_____ a new way of reasoning and expressing their ideas _____65_____ they are going to communicate satisfactorily with Americans.51. A. word B. idea C. place D. time52. A. at the center B. on the basis C. on the part D. beyond the reach53. A. thinking B. explaining C. meaning D. stating54. A. discuss B. remember C. express D. criticize55. A. point B. information C. reasons D. feelings56. A. comments B. meanings C. secret D. thought57. A. frankly B. indirectly C. reluctantly D. truly58. A. figure out B. search for C. make up D. look over59. A. Otherwise B. However C. Moreover D. Thus60. A. tighter B. better C. thicker D. longer61. A. value B. forgive C. punish D. insult62. A. sensitive B. foolish C. rude D. loyal63. A. corrected B. achieved C. changed D. explained64. A. learn B. consider C. suggest D. decide65. A. although B. because C. until D. ifSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When you are little, it’s not hard to believe you can change the world. I remember my enthusiasm when, at the age of 12, I addressed the delegates at the Rio Earth Summit. “I am only a child,” I told them. “Yet I know that if all the money spent on war was spent on ending poverty and finding environmental answers, what a wonderful place this would be. In school you teach us not to fight with others, to work things out, to respect others, to clean up our mess, not to hurt other creatures, to share, not to be greedy. Then why do you go out and do the thing you tell us not to do? You grown-ups say you love us, but I challenge you, please, to make your actions reflect your words.”I spoke for six minutes and received a standing ovation. Some of the delegates even cried. I thought that maybe I had reached some of them, that my speech might actually spur(激励) action. Now, a decade from Rio, after I’ve sat through many more conferences, I’m not sure what has been accomplished. My confidence in the people in power and in the power of an individual’s voice to reach them has been deeply shaken.When I was little, the world was simple. But as a young adult, I’m learning that as we have to make choices —education, career, lifestyle —life gets more and more complicated. We are beginning to feel pressure to produce and be successful. We are taught that economic growth is in progress, but aren’t taught how to pursue a happy, healthy or sustainable(可持续的) way of living.And we are learning that what we wanted for the future when we were 12 was ideal and innocent.Today I’m no longer a child, but I’m worried about what kind of environment my children will grow up in. I know change is possible, because I am changing, still figuring out what I think. I am still deciding how to live my life. The challenges are great, but if we accept individual responsibility and make sustainable choices, we will rise to the challenges, and we will become part of the positive tide of change.66. The purpose of what the writer said at the age of 12 was to _____.A. end poverty and make school beautifulB. find environmental answers and keep the words that they always told themselvesC. end poverty and solve the problems about environmentD. find a wonderful place and clean it up67. What does the underlined word “ovation” in the second paragraph refer to _____.A. a long period of laughingB. a warm welcomeC. an expression used for greetingD. a long period of clapping and applause68. It becomes clear that the writer is possibly _____ now.A. in his teensB. in his twentiesC. in his thirtiesD. in his forties69. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. the writer thinks what he thought at the age of 12 is mature.B. the writer’s children will certainly live in an ideal environment.C. the writer’s confidence in the people in power has deeply shaken their voice.D. the writer’s belief does not change when he grows up.(B)70. Zeo is a revolution in the science of sleep mainly because it _____.A. can record one’s sleep processB. is the first product to manage one’s sleepC. is free of medical risksD. provides access to sleep fitness websites71. What is the most remarkable feature of Zeo?A. Its direct contact with sleep scientists.B. Its individualized coaching program.C. Its effectiveness in curing sleep disorders.D. Its immediate analysis of sleep data.70. What customer service does Zeo provide?A. Cheap online tools.B. A 30-day action plan.C. Personalized bedside display.D. Free delivery of the product.71. The passage is primarily written to _____.A. encourage people to try the new productB. instruct people how to use a new toolC. provide the latest health informationD. illustrate the importance of good sleep habit(C)Although websites such as Facebook and MySpace experienced rapid growth during the middle of the first decade of the 21st century, some users remain unaware of the fact that the information they post online can come back to haunt them. First, employers can monitor employees who maintain a blog, photo diary, or website. Employers can look for controversial(引起争议的) employee opinions, sensitive information disclosures, or wildly inappropriate conduct. For example, a North Carolina newspaper fired one of its features writers after she created a blog on which she wrote about the strange things of her job and coworkers without signing her real name.The second unintended use of information from social networking websites is employers who check on prospective employees. A June 11, 2006 New York Times article reported that many companies use search engines and social networking websites such as MySpace, Xanga, and Facebook to conduct background checks on college campuses. Although the use of MySpace or Google to check a student’s background is somewhat unsettling to many undergraduates, the Times noted that the use of Facebook is especially shocking to students who believe that Facebook is limited to current students and recent alum(校友).Corporate employers are not the only people interested in college students’ lives. The third unintended use of social networking websites is college administrators who monitor the Internet — especially Facebook — for student bad behavior. For example, a college in Boston’s Back Bay expelled (除名) its student Government Association President for joining a Facebook group highly critical of a campus police sergeant. In addition, fifteen students at a state university in North Carolina faced charges in court for underage drinking because of photos that appeared on Facebook.Although more users of websites such as Facebook are becoming aware of the potential dangers of online identities, many regular users still fail to take three basic security precautions(警惕). First, only make your information available to a specific list of individuals whom you approve. Second, regularly search for potentially harmful information about yourself that may have been posted by mistake or by a disgruntled(不满的) former associate. Third, never post obviously offensive material under your name or on your page, because, despite the best precautions, this material will likely make its way to the wider world. By taking these simple steps, members of the digital world can realize the many benefits of e-community without experiencing some of the damaging unintended consequences.74. The main purpose of the passage is to _____.A. explain the growth of the digital world from the view of privacyB. discuss the risks of the digital world and suggest ways to protect yourselfC. propose steps Facebook, MySpace, and Google can take to protect user privacyD. illustrate potential unintended uses of private information75. The writer implies that users should take all of the following actions to protect their online privacy EXCEPT _____.A. know to whom you make your online information availableB. actively hunt for damaging information posted about you or under your nameC. speak with employers to inform them of any misinformation published about youD. avoid uploading information that would be extremely damaging if it were discovered76. According to the passage, which of the following does the author imply?A. Information obtained unwillingly from the Internet is permitted in court.B. It is impossible to protect yourself from unintended uses of information online.C. Even if you restrict who can view your data, the government may still access it.D. Done properly, posting offensive information about oneself brings no risk.77. In the last paragraph the author mainly _____.A. offers detailed examples to support previous viewpointsB. further explores the ill-effects of the Internet on the protection of privacyC. summarizes the points of the above paragraphsD. provides suggestions to overcome the previously mentioned problemsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.New technology links the world as never before. Our plant has shrunk. It’s now a “global village” where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills.Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern business people who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modern markets, success overseas often help support domestic business efforts.Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “out of sight and out of mind.”He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company’s plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad. If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more prevalent(流行的).Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets.English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isn’t generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal.The employee posted abroad who speaks the country’s principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employer at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN SIX WORDS.)78. In this passage, “out of sight and out of mind”in paragraph 3 probably means ________________.79. What is the author’s attitude toward high-tech communications equipment?80. According to the passage, what is an important consideration of international corporations inemploying people today?81. The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can __________________.第II卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 不努力我们是很容易落伍的。
上海2014年英语二模基础题4
虹口区2014年英语学科中考二模练习题基础题部分Part 2 Phonetics , Vocabulary and Grammar(第二部分语音、词汇和语法)II. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案) (共20分)26.She is so helpful that she is always ready to help people in trouble. Which of the following is correctfor the underlined word in the sentence?A) /'traibl/ B) /'tr a bl/ C) /['trʌb(ə)l] / D. /'tr u bl/27. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others?A) Please focus your attention on your papers, boys and girls.B) She likes to show off her new clothes in front of her friends.C) I think she should improve her learning methods.D) The boy picked a hole in his new sweater.28. Some naughty boys like to play ________ trick on their classmates on April Fool’s Day.A) a B) an C) the D) /29. As students, we should work hard and do ________ best to realize our dreams.A) us B) our C) ours D) ourselves30. Frank looks very worried today. There must be ________ wrong with him.A) anything B) nothing C) something D) everything31. We were all ________ favor of this plan after we discussed for about two hours.A) at B) in C) to D) on32. When the father heard from his son from abroad, he became ________.A) exciting B) happily C) happiness D) excited33. is one of ________ shopping websites in China.A) large B) larger C) largest D) the largest34. It’s not safe for you to go to the forest alone, for you ________ lose your way in it.A) need B) must C) should D) may35. There is little ________ in the fridge. Let’s go to the market to buy some.A) eggs B) vegetables C) fruit D) snacks36. －________ are you always surfing the Internet these days?－To find some information about cooking.A) What B) Why C) Where D) Who37. Jane, eat less junk food like fried chicken wings, ________ you will be healthier.A) or B) and C) however D) so38. My little brother hopes ________ the film Dad, Where are We Going, though he has seen it twice.A) to see B) see C) to seeing D) saw39. While in college, Mak never minded ________ extra work for his class.A) to do B) doing C) do D) did40.Get prepared _______ you can set out immediately if something happens.A) after B) since C) while D) so that41. Quite a few people were injured or killed in this traffic accident last week, ________?A) were they B) did they C) weren’t they D) didn’t they42. Jack’s parents can’t go to the parents’ meeting because they ________ to Beijing on business.A) went B) have gone C) will go D) had gone43. If my homework ________ on Saturday, I will go to Century Park to watch the flower show on Sunday.A) is finished B) had been finished C) was finished D) will be finished44. —Hello, may I speak to Mrs Zhou?—________A) Sure. Here you are. B) Sorry, she isn’t in.C) OK. Who are you ? D) That’s right.45. —Thank you for your gift. It’s useful for me.— ________A) I’m sorry to hear that. B) I’m glad you like it.C) That’s all right. D) Really?III. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word can only be used oncePark ____46___ the New South Wales border last night.The police began to ____47____ the girls, aged 14 and 15. They are students at Melbourne School and were in the area as part of a school camp. The girls were last seen at about 4:30 pm yesterday and did not return for dinner at 6 pm.“They were ____48____ to be wearing lightweight clothing. It has rained in the area for three days and the police are worried about their ___49___. Search and Rescue police will arrive in the area immediately to coordinate(协调）a full-scale search,” said the spokeswoman.APOPOtrains African pouched rats(非洲有袋鼠）to find landmines(地雷）left over from the wars. The rats are trained to smell out some ofthe___50___ in them. More importantly, these rats are too light toset off the landmines.Generally speaking, after 8 to 12 months of training, the ratscan find landmines so that they can be safely destroyed. Rats andtrainers search one small area at a time. To be sure that every inchof the ground is ___51___, APOPO workers use a harness-and-ropesystem that guides the rats back and forth in rows. The trainer stands safely on the edge(边缘) of the area.When a rat smells landmines, it will dig the dirt in that spot(地点). The trainers ___52___ each spot on a map. Later, people set off the landmines safely.In the African country of Mozambique, nearly half of the ____53____ are younger than 15 years old.A lot of kids are in danger as they play and work. With the help of the rats and trainers, there will be no threat any more.IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms (用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词。
虹口区2014年高三英语质量监控测试卷
虹口区2014年高三英语质量监控测试II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)After the birth of my second child, I got a job at a restaurant. Having worked with _____25_____ experienced waitress for a few days, I was allowed to wait tables on my own. All went well that first week. When Saturday night came, I _____26_____ (give) the tables not far from the kitchen. However, I still felt it a little hard to carry the heavy trays(托盘).The restaurant was full of people _____27 _____I could realize that. I moved slowly, and minded every step. I remember how happy I was when I saw the tray stand near the tables; It had nice handles, _____28_____ (make) it easier to move around. I was pleased with everything and began to believe I was a natural at this job.Then, an old man came to me and said, “Excuse me, dear, my wife and I loved watching you work. _____29_____ seems that your tray stand has been very useful to you, but we are getting ready to leave now, and my wife _____30_____ wait to take her walker back.”At first his message did not get across. “What was he talking about!”Then, I got it. I _____31_____(set) my trays on his wife’s orthopedic walker(助步器). My face was on fire. I wanted to get into a hole and hide.Since then, I’ve learned that sometimes there’s no point _____32_____ (be) too sure of myself.(B)There are a variety of techniques used to bring about success in selling. Here are the most important ones _____33_____ are often mentioned by successful salespeople.•Find out _____34_____ your customers’real wants and needs are. Listen as they tell you their favours.•Know all about your product and what it can do for your customers. Product knowledge is a “must”in personal selling because it creates confidence, builds enthusiasm, and makes the situation more professional. Lay emphasis on the unique advantage of your product _____35_____ others.•Take a confident attitude in selling your product. It is _____36_____(effective) when the salesperson says, “May I help you?”than when he or she says “You wouldn’t like to see our model, _____37_____you?”•Prepare yourself _____38_____(deal) with objections. If the customer says the price is too high, you might reply, “Yes, the price may be a little higher than _____39_____(plan). However, actually, you will save money _____40_____ high quality of this product.”D on’t disagree with your customer in any case when he or she says the price is too high.•Use praise wisely.Section BDirections Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beTelevision watching is an activity which is known to be harmful to health and is distinct from getting too little exercise. But a new study suggests its damaging effects may even _____41_____ alongside those from smoking and obesity(肥胖). Researchers who studied television viewing habits in Australia calculated that people who watch for a(n) _____42_____ of six hours a day shorten their life expectancy(预期寿命) by almost five years.They based their calculations on data on the _____43 _____between television viewing and death from the Australian obesity and lifestyle study which involved 11,000 adults aged 25 and over. Applying these findings to the whole population over 25, who are estimated to have watched 9.8 billion hours of TV in 2008, they concluded that it _____44_____ for 286,000 years of life lost — equivalent to 22 minutes for each hour watched. By _____45_____, smoking one cigarette is estimated to shorten life expectancy by 11 minutes — equivalent to half an hour of TV watching.Writing in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, the authors from the University of Queensland, say the figures suggest “huge loss of life may be _____46_____ with too much TV viewing.” The UK and other industrialized countries are likely to be similarly affected “given the typically large amounts of time spent watching TV and t he similarities in disease patterns.” The researchers add “If these figures are_____47_____ and shown to reflect a cause and effect relationship, TV viewing is a public health problem comparable in size to established behavioral risk factors.”Researchers from Taiwan University found even those who did as little as 92 minutes’exercise a week —equivalent to 15 minutes a day for six days a week —reduced their _____48_____ of death by 14 per cent. Even this small amount of exercise could _____49_____ one in six of all deaths —similar to the effects of a stop-smoking programme. Each _____50_____ 15 minutes a day reduced the death rate by a further 4 per cent.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.To understand how Americans think about things, it is necessary to understand “the point”. Americans mention it often “Let’s get right to the point”, they will say “My point is …”“What’s the point of all this?”The “point”is the _____51_____ or piece of information that Americans suppose is, or should be, _____52_____ of people’s thinking, writings, and spoken comments. Speakers and writers are supposed to ”make their points clear”, _____53_____ that they are supposed to say orwrite clearly the idea or piece of information they wish to _____54_____.People from many other cultures have different ideas about the _____55_____. Africans traditionally tell stories that express the _____56_____ they have in mind, rather than stating out “the point”clearly. Japanese traditionally speak _____57_____, leaving the listener to _____58_____ what the point is. _____59_____, while an American might say to a friend, “I don’t think that coat goes very well with the rest of your outfit”, a Japanese might say, “Maybe another coat would look even _____60_____ than the one you have on.”Americans _____61_____ a person who “gets right to the point”. Japanese are likely to consider such a person lacking thoughtfulness and sympathy if not _____62_____.The Chinese and Japanese languages are characterized by vagueness and ambiguity(模棱两可). The precision and directness Americans associate with “the point” cannot be _____63_____, at least not with any grace, in Chinese and Japanese. Speakers of those languages thus have to _____64_____ a new way of reasoning and expressing their ideas _____65_____ they are going to communicate satisfactorily with Americans.51. A. word B. idea C. place D. time52. A. at the center B. on the basis C. on the part D. beyond the reach53. A. thinking B. explaining C. meaning D. stating54. A. discuss B. remember C. express D. criticize55. A. point B. information C. reasons D. feelings56. A. comments B. meanings C. secret D. thought57. A. frankly B. indirectly C. reluctantly D. truly58. A. figure out B. search for C. make up D. look over59. A. Otherwise B. However C. Moreover D. Thus60. A. tighter B. better C. thicker D. longer61. A. value B. forgive C. punish D. insult62. A. sensitive B. foolish C. rude D. loyal63. A. corrected B. achieved C. changed D. explained64. A. learn B. consider C. suggest D. decide65. A. although B. because C. until D. ifSection BDirections Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When you are little, it’s not hard to believe you can change the world. I remember my enthusiasm when, at the age of 12, I addressed the delegates at the Rio Earth Summit. “I am only a child,” I told them. “Yet I know that if all the money spent on war was spent on ending poverty and finding environmental answers, what a wonderful place this would be. In school you teach us not to fight with others, to work things out, to respect others, to clean up our mess, not to hurt other creatures, to share, not to be greedy. Then why do you go out and do the thing you tell us not to do? You grown-ups say you love us, but I challenge you, please, to make your actions reflectyour words.”I spoke for six minutes and received a standing ovation. Some of the delegates even cried. I thought that maybe I had reached some of them, that my speech might actually spur(激励) action. Now, a decade from Rio, after I’ve sat through many more conferences, I’m not sure what has been accomplished. My confidence in the people in power and in the power of an individual’s voice to reach them has been deeply shaken.When I was little, the world was simple. But as a young adult, I’m learning that as we have to make choices —education, career, lifestyle —life gets more and more complicated. We are beginning to feel pressure to produce and be successful. We are taught that economic growth is in progress, but aren’t taught how to pursue a happy, healthy or sustainable(可持续的) way of living. And we are learning that what we wanted for the future when we were 12 was ideal and innocent.Today I’m no longer a child, but I’m worried about what kind of environment my children will grow up in. I know change is possible, because I am changing, still figuring out what I think. I am still deciding how to live my life. The challenges are great, but if we accept individual responsibility and make sustainable choices, we will rise to the challenges, and we will become part of the positive tide of change.66. The purpose of what the writer said at the age of 12 was to _____.A. end poverty and make school beautifulB. find environmental answers and keep the words that they always told themselvesC. end poverty and solve the problems about environmentD. find a wonderful place and clean it up67. What does the underlined word “ovation” in the second paragraph refer to _____.A. a long period of laughingB. a warm welcomeC. an expression used for greetingD. a long period of clapping and applause68. It becomes clear that the writer is possibly _____ now.A. in his teensB. in his twentiesC. in his thirtiesD. in his forties69. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. the writer thinks what he thought at the age of 12 is mature.B. the writer’s children will certainly live in an ideal environment.C. the writer’s confidence in the people in power has deeply shaken their voice.D. the writer’s belief does not change when he grows up.(B)70. Zeo is a revolution in the science of sleep mainly because it _____.A. can record one’s sleep processB. is the first product to manage one’s sleepC. is free of medical risksD. provides access to sleep fitness websites71. What is the most remarkable feature of Zeo?A. Its direct contact with sleep scientists.B. Its individualized coaching program.C. Its effectiveness in curing sleep disorders.D. Its immediate analysis of sleep data.70. What customer service does Zeo provide?A. Cheap online tools.B. A 30-day action plan.C. Personalized bedside display.D. Free delivery of the product.71. The passage is primarily written to _____.A. encourage people to try the new productB. instruct people how to use a new toolC. provide the latest health informationD. illustrate the importance of good sleephabit(C)Although websites such as Facebook and MySpace experienced rapid growth during the middle of the first decade of the 21st century, some users remain unaware of the fact that the information they post online can come back to haunt them. First, employers can monitor employees who maintain a blog, photo diary, or website. Employers can look for controversial(引起争议的) employee opinions, sensitive information disclosures, or wildly inappropriate conduct. For example, a North Carolina newspaper fired one of its features writers after she created a blog on which she wrote about the strange things of her job and coworkers without signing her real name.The second unintended use of information from social networking websites is employers who check on prospective employees. A June 11, 2006 New York Times article reported that many companies use search engines and social networking websites such as MySpace, Xanga, and Facebook to conduct background checks on college campuses. Although the use of MySpace or Google to check a student’s backgroun d is somewhat unsettling to many undergraduates, the Times noted that the use of Facebook is especially shocking to students who believe that Facebook is limited to current students and recent alum(校友).Corporate employers are not the only people intereste d in college students’ lives. The third unintended use of social networking websites is college administrators who monitor the Internet — especially Facebook — for student bad behavior. For example, a college in Boston’s Back Bay expelled (除名) its student Government Association President for joining a Facebook group highly critical of a campus police sergeant. In addition, fifteen students at a state university in North Carolina faced charges in court for underage drinking because of photos that appeared on Facebook.Although more users of websites such as Facebook are becoming aware of the potential dangers of online identities, many regular users still fail to take three basic security precautions(警惕). First, only make your information available to a specific list of individuals whom you approve. Second, regularly search for potentially harmful information about yourself that may have been posted by mistake or by a disgruntled(不满的) former associate. Third, never post obviously offensive material under your name or on your page, because, despite the best precautions, this material will likely make its way to the wider world. By taking these simple steps, members of the digital world can realize the many benefits of e-community without experiencing some of the damaging unintended consequences.74. The main purpose of the passage is to _____.A. explain the growth of the digital world from the view of privacyB. discuss the risks of the digital world and suggest ways to protect yourselfC. propose steps Facebook, MySpace, and Google can take to protect user privacyD. illustrate potential unintended uses of private information75. The writer implies that users should take all of the following actions to protect their online privacy EXCEPT _____.A. know to whom you make your online information availableB. actively hunt for damaging information posted about you or under your nameC. speak with employers to inform them of any misinformation published about youD. avoid uploading information that would be extremely damaging if it were discovered76. According to the passage, which of the following does the author imply?A. Information obtained unwillingly from the Internet is permitted in court.B. It is impossible to protect yourself from unintended uses of information online.C. Even if you restrict who can view your data, the government may still access it.D. Done properly, posting offensive information about oneself brings no risk.77. In the last paragraph the author mainly _____.A. offers detailed examples to support previous viewpointsB. further explores the ill-effects of the Internet on the protection of privacyC. summarizes the points of the above paragraphsD. provides suggestions to overcome the previously mentioned problemsSection CDirections Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.New technology links the world as never before. Our plant has shrunk. It’s now a “global village” where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills.Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern business people who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modern markets, success overseas often help support domestic business efforts.Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “out of sight and out of mind.”He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company’s plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad. If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more prevalent(流行的).Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets.English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isn’t generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal.The employee posted abroad who speaks the country’s principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employer at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.(Note Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN SIX WORDS.)78. In this passage, “out of sight and out of mind”in paragraph 3 probably means ________________.79. What is the author’s attitude toward high-tech communications equipment?80. According to the passage, what is an important consideration of international corporations inemploying people today?81. The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can __________________.第II卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.不努力我们是很容易落伍的。
2014上海市各区高三英语二模整理汇编【十一选十】
（1）虹口Officials at Boston College have made what may be a critical decision: they’ve stopped giving out new email accounts to incoming students. The officials realized that the students had already established digital 41 by the time they entered college, so the new email addresses were just not being used, but, 42 , the college will offer forwarding (转发) services.Starting next year, freshman 43 at Boston College won’t be given an actual email account complete with login and inbox, just an email address. This address, in the format of****************will simply forward mail to the student’s already 44 inbox, be it Gmail, Windows Live Mail, Yahoo Mail, AOL, or whatever else they may be using.The college reached a smart decision after first looking into outsourcing(外包) their email to the cloud. While the Boston College decision may have been made for 45 reasons more than anything, we can easily imagine this as being the start of a new trend.Can you even imagine a U.S. college student who didn’t have an email address of their own by the time they w e r e a f r e s h m a n?I t’s46u n h e a r d o f.T o d a y’s s t u d e n t s a r e d i g i t a l 47 immersed (浸润) in technology from the day they were born. It simply doesn’t make sense to give them yet another account to manage when they enter college.By going this 48 , there are still some challenges to overcome, though. For example, a student who changes their email carrier will probably forget to 49 the institution to the change and could then miss out on 50 messages from the university with regard to their courses, scholarship, safety information, etc.In the end, we think the decision Boston College made could easily be the start of a new trend. We’re sure the students like it, too.（2When US’ Duke University second-year student Christian Drappi sees someone using a Square (an electronic payment service) credit card reader, he pulls out his phone, takes a picture and uploads it to Twitter. “It kind of spreads like __41__ through Twitter,” said Drappi, who is a campus brand representative for Squa re.Companies are __42__ using college campus brand representatives to spread the word about their products. These representatives often rely on word-of-mouth tools like social media to __43__ the company and any promotional events they host.Though the brand representative is no stranger to the college marketing scene, social media are changing how these representatives __44__ with students of their same age and how effectively their message is communicated. Companies like Red Bull, Microsoft and Twitter all have campus representatives __45__ to spreading good news about the brand.“Campus representatives approach students groups, local merchants and other prospective users to demonstrate how the card reader works and its advantages over __46__ mach ines.” Adam Bassett, who runs the Square U program said.Cord Silverstein, executive vice president of interactive communications at the Raleigh advertising agency Capstrat, said, “Social media have made it easier than ever for college students to share opinions on a productwith their friends. Someone’s friend, someone they __47__, like a student or a professor, these people are having much greater influence on what college students think, like and don’t like, because they trust their opinions.”When looking at representative __48__, McCarthy, who heads the campus representative program for Square, said the company looks for __49__ students who are social-media understanding. “Three or four years ago, brand representatives on campus were a(n) __50__ idea. Now companies have them everywhere. There’s only so much mindshare to capture.” McCathy emphasized.（3）静杨青宝Americans know the benefits of having a healthy diet. In school, children learn to eat a variety of healthy foods. People grow up aware of the value of __41__ calories. They hear about the health dangers of chemicals added to __42__ food. They realize they shouldn’t eat too many sweets or fats. Many American consumers read __43__ carefully for nutrition information. That way they can compare products and eat the best foods.Keeping fit — or maybe getting in shape — is often high on the list of New Year’s resolutions for Americans. In the past two decades, fitness has become a fashion. Many Americans have joined health clubs to work out with __44__ equipment. Sports stores sell sports shoes and clothing for every possible exercise __45__. People can even buy weights and equipment and set up their own exercise center at home!Statistics give health experts good reason to be disappointed. Americans exercise less than they used to. The number of people taking part in fitness activities __46__ from 41.7 million in 1991 to only 32 million in 1993. Among high school students, only 37 percent __47__ three times per week. However, 70 percent of teenagers watch at least an hour of TV every day, and 38 percent watch over three hours. As a result, the __48__ American gained eight pounds during the 1980’s. At least one-third of Americans weigh 20 percent more than their ideal weight.Still, by many __49__, Americans enjoy good health. Medical care in the United States, while expensive, is among the best in the world. The U.S. Government __50__ strict food inspections to ensure that food is of the highest quality. Food producers must label products accurately. Many resources, such as magazines, TV programs and even the Internet, allow people to find out how to improve their health. Americans know how to make themselves more healthy. They just need to do it.(4)浦东wide variety of tissues, including bits of lung, kidney and heart muscle. Now the world’s first publicly traded 3D bio-printing company is getting ____41____ for production. In January slices of human liver tissue were ____42____ to an outside laboratory for testing. These ____43____ take about 30 minutes to produce, says Keith Murphy, the firm’s chief executive Later this year Organovo aims to begin commercial sales.The invention of 3D printing provided a technology now ____44____ to manufacture everything from aircraft parts to body parts. But the ____45____ of 3D bio-printing is even brighter:to create human tissues for research, drug development and testing, and ____46____ as replacement organs, such as a kidney, for patients desperately in need of ____47____. Bio-printed organs could be made from patients’ own cells and thus would not be ____48____ by their immune systems. They could also be manufactured on demand.At present only a few of companies are trying to ____49____ the production of bio-printed tissues. ButThomas Boland, an early pioneer in the field, says that plenty of others are interested. He also estimates that about 80 teams at research institutions around the world are now trying to print ____50____ small pieces of tissues such as skin,blood vessels, liver, lung and heart. “It’s a wonderful technology to build three-dimensional biological structures,” says Gabor Forgacs, who co-founded Organovo in 2007.(5) 普陀It is A. achieved B. authority C. available D. code E. dominated F. educationalG. opinions H. matters I. related J. representatives K. symbolizationimportant that students’ feelings, opinions and suggestions are listened to, taken into account, and that the right action is taken. There are a number of ways that this can be __41__, i.e. school councils, year councils and peer mentoring.School councilsMost schools have a school council which exists to let the teachers and head teacher know what students’__42__ are on a range of school issues. The school council usually consists of two or three elected __43__ from each year group.A school council might meet once or twice a month to discuss issues such as the dress __44__, the use of social areas, charity fundraising and bullying.Year councilsBecause school councils are sometimes __45__ by older students, some schools have introduced year councils. The aim of a year council is to give students the opportunity to express opinions on __46__ of importance to that particular year group. The following is an example of the rules relating to a school’s council for year 8 (pupils aged 12-13).The head of year will attend all council meetings as an observer and both they and the other year staff will be __47__ as required to offer support and advice to council members and to assist in the settlement of arguments.Peer mentoringThere are other ways in which students’ voices can be heard. One of the most popular schemes involves peer mentoring. Those who express an interest receive training to become mentors(导师) so that they are better equipped to help others. This starts from primary school age, when the mentors may get involved in issues __48__ to conflict resolution. At secondary school and at university, mentors are likely to deal with a larger variety of issues, such as __49__ and health-related matters.The belief in schemes like these is that being heard by your peers can be more effective and helpful as fellow students may have more time and understanding than teachers or others in __50__.（6）徐汇松江金山A. reassuresB. wellC. distinguishD. encounterE. objectsF. inoffensiveG. revealsH. afterwardsI. implicationJ. genuineK. unpleasantTelling Tales“Here’s a nice bit of gossip!”Do I have your attention? Probably. Welisten, but 41______ we often feel terrible with ourselves. That’s the problemwith gossip: it’s something that as a social species we are primed to enjoy, but itcan also be 42______ and harmful.Not all gossip is bad. Small talk establishes relationships and 43______ the other person that our intentions are friendly. So gossip, in the sense of exchanging bits and pieces of news about ourselves and others, can be perfectly 44______. If I say to you, “L et’s meet for coffee and have a bit of a gossip,”I’m inviting you to a social 45______ in which two people chew the fat. There is nothing wrong with that: life would be very dull if we were unable to talk about what goes on around us.But it’s not that simple. If we say that somebody is a gossip, we do not mean that he or she enjoys gentle social chat: it carries a crueler 46______. A true gossip enjoys spreading stories about other people --- stories in which others do not usually come out 47______. The gossip is one who spreads bad gossip; good gossip is still fine, but it’s not what gossips spread. The distinction between good and bad gossip is not always clear. It would be easy if we could 48______ the two by saying that bad gossip is just about people; but innocent gossip may be about people too. The best way to tell the difference is to look at the intention behind the remarks. Bad gossip 49______ itself in its desire to make the 50______ of the story look foolish. It also intrudes on their privacy. So we all know the difference.Now then, did you hear about ...（7）闸北eating ice cream in the streets after midnight as doing so is now ___41___.A new law was passed by Milan’s city council banning the sale of take-away food and drinks after midnight in some districts which are famous for their nightlife ___42___. The purpose of this unusual move is, according to the city council, to discourage night gathering in downtown areas.The law inevitably has given rise to a number of protests, accusing that the government has ___43___ people’s normal lives. However, if you take into consideration the country’s ___44___ economy and its high unemployment rate, the local government’s fear of ‘night assembling’may be reasonable.In fact, Milan’s law is only the strangest of a host of restrictions on nightlife that have ___45___ up in European cities recently. Madrid’s city center was declared a ‘low-noise zone’last September and the city council has been refusing to ___46___ bar and club licenses ever since.Why do European cities deal so strictly with nightlife? I t may be because Europe’s population is getting older and can no longer ___47___ late night activities within the neighborhood.In the past, bars and clubs bloomed in European city centers, which were ___48___ to working class populations. But gradually, these people began to move out of the city centers and into the suburbs. Only the wealthy and the upper-class people can afford to live in ___49___ centers now. But these people don’t go to bars and clubs to socialize. Instead, they consider fun-seekers who wander in their neighborhoods annoying. They also worry that bars and clubs will make their neighborhoods less ___50___ and devalue their housing property.（8）长宁嘉定Rain forests, found in Earth’s temperate and tropical(热带的) zones, are some of the most biologically varied ecosystems on the planet. All rain forests share certain ___41___ features, including a closed canopy, the dense vegetation of the top branches that forms a roof above the forest floor, a damp and warm climate, and ___42___ constant temperatures throughout the year. Most of the forest’s insect and animal life grows well in thecanopy’s leafy and sunlit environment. The forest’s groundcover, by comparison, is small. Less than 2 percent of the sun’s light makes its way through the canopy and the darkness below. This darkness, along with the poor quality of the soils, ___43___ plant growth.Rain forests are a(n) ___44___ part of Earth’s total ecology. Huge amounts of water are absorbed into tree roots and ___45___ into the atmosphere from the tree leaves through a process called transpiration (蒸发). Tree roots also fix the soil in place and slow the runoff of rains into rivers and oceans. Through the process of photosynthesis(光合作用), rain forests absorb more carbon dioxide and give off more oxygen than any other ecosystem.The rain forests are ___46___ shrinking at a rapid rate as a result of the profitable ventures of farming, logging, and mining. When tropical rain forests are ___47___ in order to raise cattle and crops, the nutrient-poor soils are quickly ___48___. When farmers move on to new areas, heavy rains and baking sun leave the land fruitless and lifeless. Logging and mining cause similar damage to the land and destroy the territory of ___49___ millions of birds, insects and animals. By some ___50___, an area of tropical rain forest the size of the state of Delaware disappears in this way every month.（9A new report by the World Health Organization (WHO) reveals that around one in a hundred deaths worldwide is due to passive smoking, which kills an estimated 600,000 people a year.In the first study to assess the global __41__ of second-hand smoke, WHO experts find that children are more __42__ exposed to second-hand smoke than any other age-group, and around 165,000 of them a year die because of it.Children’s exposure to second-hand smoke is most likely to happen at home, and the double blow of infectious diseases and tobacco seems to be a deadly __43__ for children in these regions. Commenting on the findings, Heather Wipfli and Jonathan Samet from the University of Southern California, said policymakers try to __44__ families to stop smoking in the home.While deaths due to passive smoking in children were skewed (曲解) toward poor and middle-income countries, deaths in adults were __45__ across countries at all income levels.In Europe’s high-income countries, only 71 child deaths occurred, while 35,388 deaths were in adults. Yet in the countries like Africa, an estimated 43,375 deaths due to passive smoking were in children __46__ with 9,514 in adults.Only 7.4 percent of the world population currently lives in places with __47__ smoke-free laws, and those laws are not always __48__ enforced (施行). In places where smoke-free rules are __49__, research shows that exposure to second-hand smoke in high-risk places like bars and restaurants can be cut by 90 percent, and in general by 60 percent, the researchers said.Studies also show such laws help to reduce the number of cigarettes smoked by smokers and lead to higher __50__ rates in those trying to quit.Which came first, the chicken or the egg? This question has remained unsolved for hundreds of years, yet soon it might not be a problem anymore —the egg of the future may not 41 a chicken at all.But if not from a chicken, where will the egg come from? Apparently, a plant is one of the possibilities, as Hampton Creek, a food technology company in San Francisco, US, has found. They created a 42 for eggs,called Beyond Eggs, using a mixture of 11 plants, including sunflowers and a variety of beans.Unlike the image you might now have in your mind, Beyond Eggs look nothing like 43 eggs. They are sold as gray powder that you mix with water before cooking. But the final product tastes just like the real thing.But the question is, why 44 with “plant eggs”? What’s the problem with ordinary eggs?The truth is that 99 percent of our eggs come from industrial warehouses (养鸡场仓库) where chickens are crowded into cages too small for them to even spread their wings. This cruelty is what 45 Hampton Creek to carry out the Beyond Eggs project in the first place.In addition, the cages where chickens are kept so close together are a hotbed for viruses. To help the chickens stay healthy, farmers feed them antibiotics (抗生素), which may cause dangerous bacteria to grow 46 to the drugs and 47 spread to humans through eggs and meat.In fact, 48 the egg is not a new idea, but Beyond Eggs seems to be the most successful attempt so far.Besides their great taste and eco-friendliness, Beyond Eggs provide the same nutritional 49 as real eggs, and they’re even healthier since they don’t contain cholesterol (胆固醇). The company also 50 that the cost of their products is around 19 percent less than real eggs, which makes them more affordable.（11）闵行“In wilderness is the preservation of the world.” This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism. The frequency with which it is borrowed41 a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out, there is a strong appeal in images of the wild, the untouched; more than anything else, they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly. The 42 to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong, and the danger exploitation brings to such landscapes is real. Some of these wildernesses also perform43 that humans need—the rainforests, for example, store carbon in vast quantities.Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the 44 view. He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation. But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human 45 , or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation. There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for 46 . While the ways of using resources have improved, there is still a growing need for raw materials, and some wildernesses contain them in abundance. If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide, the argument goes, there is no 47 reason not to do so. Being untouched is not, in itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others.I look forward to seeing these views taken further, and to their being 48 by the other participants. One opinion is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly. And there is a 49 question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidance of reason. What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously50 much more serious thinking.虹口：41. C 42. F 43. J 44. G 45. D 46. H 47. B 48. I 49. E 50. K黄浦：41 – 45 KEHFB 46 – 50 JIACG静杨青宝41-50 DHAGE FIBKC浦东：普陀：41. A 42. G 43. J 44. D 45. E 46. H 47. C 48. I 49. F 50. B徐汇：41. H 42. K 43. A 44. F 45. D 46. I 47. B 48. C 49. G 50. E 闸北：41-45 E F K H A 46-50 D J B I C长宁嘉定：41-45 F G K D J 46-50 I H B A E崇明：41. C 42. J 43. I 44. K 45. B 46. F 47. A 48. H 49.E 50.G奉贤：41—45 I E A G C 46—50 J B K D H闵行：41. E 42. H 43. B 44. J 45. I 46. K 47. G 48. A 49. F 50. D。
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虹口区2014年英语学科高考练习题2014.4考生注意:1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1—10页）和第Ⅱ卷（第11页），全卷共11页。
第I卷第1-16小题、第41-77小题为选择题，答题必须涂在答题纸上，第I卷第17-40小题、第78-81小题和第II卷的答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第 I 卷 (共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections： In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A carpenter. B. A doctor. C. An electrician. D. An editor.2. A. $40. B. $30. C. $20. D. $10.3. A. Confused. B. Sympathetic. C. Embarrassed. D. Uninterested.4. A. Leave right away. B. Stay for dinner. C. Catch a train. D. Have a meeting.5. A. He believes that Jack will sell his house. B. He believes that Jack is joking.C. He disagrees with Jack.D. He believes that Jack will quit his job.6. A. There won’t be enough cups left. B. They’ve got plenty of cups.C. They’re buying what they need.D. They’ve got enough food for the picnic.7. A. Jerry really wants the scholarship. B. No one wants the scholarship.C. Jerry isn’t interested in the scholarship.D. Others like the scholarship more than Jerry.8. A. He did better than expected. B. He failed the maths exam.C. He used to be a top student.D. He answered only 10% of the questions.9. A. He rarely receives letters from home. B. He is expecting a letter from abroad.C. He wrote to his family last month.D. He is anxious to go back home.10. A. He’s afraid to take exams.B. He only took the fourth exam.C. He isn’t the only one who was graded.D. He didn’t get the highest score on one exam.Section BDirections: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Because they usually use their fingers to eat meat.B. Because they can use chopsticks to eat any kind of food except soup.C. Because they can even eat soup with chopsticks.D. Because they are afraid to cut themselves with knives.12. A. Because they cook everything in one whole piece.B. Because they don’t like to use chopsticks.C. Because they need to use knives and forks to cut up meat.D. Because they usually cook meat in small pieces.13. A. The obvious difference in the ways Chinese and Americans eat food.B. Food cultures in China and in the U.S.C. Comparison between chopsticks, knives and forks.D. The ways of using chopsticks, knives and forks.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Because he thought he knew the man.B. Because he wanted to have a look at the newspaper.C. Because the man was reading the article he had written.D. Because the man was reading the newspaper he had edited.15. A. To buy the newspaper.B. To recognize him as the writer.C. To read deeply into the article.D. To turn to the page where the story was continued.16. A. The man was reading. B. The man was talking.C. The man was smiling.D. The man was sleeping.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Complete theBlanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.In the 21 of a company.In which section of the company does the womanwork?What can be the best ways of gaining experience? 22 .Why does the woman raise a dog?Helping to 23 of her work.Try to be 24 .How does the woman deal with the difficultpeople?II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)One of my most surprising findings as a student is 25 parents do not always accept your adulthood.I was always told that once you get to college, your parents realize that you have been living 26 your own and can make your own decisions. This idea was rejected 27 I came home for Thanksgiving. At first, everything was going as 28 (smoothly) as possible. The first night I went to the Berkeley campus to visit my friend Sara, without any argument from my mother. 29 when I called her to say I had decided to spend the night at Sara’s dorm, my mom informed me that she wanted me home at one a.m. I was wild with anger! I 30 (make) my own decisions how late a young man should stay out for several months. However much I tried to reason with my mother, she insisted things are different when I am home, and that they were the 31 paying my bills. And kids, this is true. No matter how much you want to fight it, mommy and daddy are still holding the purse strings, whether you are 18 or not. Sometimes it is best to sit back, shut up, and do32 they ask.(B)A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supply — all these were important factors in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution, but they were not enough. Something else 33 (need) to start the industrial process. That “something special” was men — creative individuals 34 could invent machines, find new sources of power, and establish business organizations to reshape society.The men who created the machines of the Industrial Revolution came from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were more inventors than scientists. A pure scientist appreciates 35(c o n d u c t)h i s r e s e a r c h a c c u r a t e l y.H e i s n o t n e c e s s a r i l y w o r k i n g36 ______ his findings can be used. An inventor or one interested in applied science is usually trying to make something that has a concrete use. He may strive 37 (solve) a problem by using the theories of science or by experimenting through trial and error. Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain38 specific result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of many other objectives.Many of the people who developed the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors, not 39 (train) scientists. A few were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had little or no trainingin science 40 not have made their inventions if a groundwork had not been laid by scientists years before.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. adaptB. nativesC. identitiesD. cost-savingE. alertF. insteadG. established H. practically I. route J. enrolled K. significantOfficials at Boston College have made what may be a critical decision: they’ve stopped giving out new email accounts to incoming students. The officials realized that the students had already established digital 41 by the time they entered college, so the new email addresses were just not being used, but, 42 , the college will offer forwarding (转发) services.Starting next year, freshman 43 at Boston College won’t be given an actual email account complete with login and inbox, just an email address. This address, in the format of johnsmith@bc. edu will simply forward mail to the student’s already 44 inbox, be it Gmail, Windows Live Mail, Yahoo Mail, AOL, or whatever else they may be using.The college reached a smart decision after first looking into outsourcing（外包） their email to the cloud. While the Boston College decision may have been made for 45 reasons more than anything, we can easily imagine this as being the start of a new trend.Can you even imagine a U.S. college student who didn’t have an email address of their own by the time t hey were a f reshma n?I t’s 46unh eard of. Tod ay’s st uden ts ar e digital47 immersed (浸润) in technology from the day they were born. It simply doesn’t make sense to give them yet another account to manage when they enter college.By going this 48 , there are still some challenges to overcome, though. For example, a student who changes their email carrier will probably forget to 49 the institution to the change and could then miss out on 50 messages from the university with regard to their courses, scholarship, safety information, etc.In the end, we think the decision Boston College made could easily be the start of a new trend. We’re sure the students like it, too.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Napping for a while at daytime is a very smart and healthy move. The Mayo Clinic says naps51 relaxation, better mood and alertness, and a sharper working 52 . A 2008 British study found that compared to getting more nighttime sleep, a mid-day nap was the best way to53 the mid-afternoon sleepiness.According to the Harvard Health Letter, several studies have shown that people 54 new information better when they take a nap shortly after learning it. And, most 55 , a 2007 study of nearly 24,000 Greek adults in the Archives of Internal Medicine found that people who napped 56 had a 37 percent reduced risk of dying from heart disease compared to people who didn’t nap.Of course, napping isn’t 57 for everyone. If you’re suffering from inability to sleep, naps that are too long or taken too late in the day can 58 with your ability to fall or stay asleep at night.But for most, naps can make you feel sharper and happier. Naps provide different benefits59 on how long they are. A 20-minute nap will boost alertness and concentration; a 90-minute snooze （小睡）can 60 creativity.According to , you 61 a natural dip in body temperature between 1 p.m. and 3 p.m.A short nap at this time can boost alertness for several hours and, for most people, shouldn’t 62 being able to fall asleep at night.Pick a dark, cozy place that’s not too warm or too chi lly. 63 napping on the couch instead of in bed, so you’re less 64 to snooze for too long.Surprisingly, the best place to take a nap may be a hammock（吊床）if you have one. A Swiss study 65 last year found that people fell asleep faster and had deeper sleep when they napped in a hammock than in a bed. That same rocking motion that puts babies to sleep works wonders for grown-ups, too.51. A. relieve B. promote C. operate D. support52. A. feeling B. frame C. sense D. mind53. A. cope with B. put aside C. talk about D. carry upon54. A. remark B. consider C. remember D. concern55. A. reportedly B. unbelievably C. constantly D. frankly56. A. regularly B. enormously C. heavily D. strongly57. A. exact B. correct C. right D. accurate58. A. connect B. deal C. compete D. interfere59. A. focusing B. depending C. relying D. basing60. A. enlarge B. engage C. enhance D. enroll61. A. explore B. experience C. exercise D. implement62. A. produce B. handle C. affect D. urge63. A. postpones B. discourages C. acknowledges D. recommends64. A. obliged B. tempted C. adopted D. attracted65. A. pronounced B. published C. discovered D. cultivatedSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Like many other small boys, I was fascinated by cars, especially because my oldest brother was a bit of a car guy and subscribed to cool magazines like Car and Driver and Motor Trend. Every so often, one of those magazines would run an article on the “Car of the Future”. They featured unconventionalthings like small nuclear reactors as power sources. Yet, frankly,my car doesn’t do anything that my brother’s Studebaker didn’t do. It goes, it stops, it burns gasoline. I still have to steer it, and it still runs into things if I don’t steer it carefully.But guess what? All of these things are likely to change in the not-so-distant future. It may not burn gasoline, I may not have to steer it, and it may be a lot better at not running into things.Airbags aren’t the be-all and end-all in safety. In fact, considering the recent news about people occasionally being killed by their airbags in low-speed crashes, they obviously still need some development. But they aren’t going away, and in fact, you can expect to see cars appearing with additional, side-impact airbags, something some European car manufacturers already offer.Better than systems to minimize injury in the event of an accident, however, are systems that minimize the likelihood of an accident happening in the first place? Future cars may be able to remove many of the major causes of accidents, including drunk-driving, and tailgating (与前车距离过近). Cars could be equipped with sensors tha t can detect alcohol in a driver’s system and prevent the car from being started, for example. As early as next year, you’ll be able to buy cars with radar-equipped control systems. If the radar determines you’re closing too quickly with the car in front, it will ease up on the throttle （油门）.Scientists are now working on a system that can brake, accelerate and steer a vehicle down a highway on its own. Will cars eventually be able to drive themselves?66. The author was fascinated by cars because ________.A. other small boys liked to own a car of their own, tooB. he read untraditional things about cars in his brother’s magazinesC. his oldest brother loved to take him to places in his carD. he often booked cool car magazines himself67. By saying “my ca r doesn’t do anything that my brother’s Studebaker didn’t do”, the author meansthat ________.A. my car is far better than my brother’sB. my car is not as good as my brother’sC. much improvement has been made in the design of cars recentlyD. not much has changed in the performance of cars so far68. Which of the following statements is true of airbags?A. They are going to disappear gradually.B. They are in need of further improvement.C. They are a standard feature of European cars.D. They kill people instead of protecting them in low-speed crashes.69. According to the author, what will future cars do if the sensors detect alcohol in the driver’ssystem?A. They will not start.B. They will ease up on the throttle.C. They will brake automatically.D. They will give a warning in advance.(B)Suppose you work in a big firm and find English very important for your job because you often deal with foreign businessmen. Now you are looking for a place where you can improve your English, especially your spoken English.Here are some advertisements about English language training from newspapers. You may find the information you need.70. You work from 9:00 a. m. to 4:30 p. m. every day. Which school will you choose?A. Global English Center and the International House.B. Global English Center and Modem Language School.C. Modern Language School and the 21st Century.D. The 21st Century and the International House.71. The 21st Century is different from the other three schools in that ________.A. its teaching quality is betterB. it requires an entrance examinationC. its courses are more advancedD. it is nearest to the city center72. You will probably prefer to go to the International House because it ________.A. offers sightseeing and social activities at low pricesB. costs less than the other schoolsC. has a special course in spoken EnglishD. has native English teachers73. If you take the four-month evening program at the International House, you will pay about ________.A. 60 yuanB. 240 yuanC. 720 yuanD. 960 yuan(C)Western airliner manufacturers seem to be tripping over(绊倒) themselves in their eagerness to sign cooperative agreements with Asian partners as a low-cost route to developing new airliners. Their potential Asian partners seem to be tripping over themselves to sign such agreements, as a low-cost route to acquiring new airliner technology. If they are not careful the two sides will end up tripping over each other: the one by selling its birth-right for short-term gain, the other by trying to break into a market which isn’t big enough to sustain (忍受) it.Technology transfer works in a growing market, where the aspirations of the new entrant receiving that technology can be met through expansion. The airliner market is not such a device.Even the most optimistic projections of airliner sales for the next 20 years show that airliner manufacture can only be profitable if a small number of aircraft builders share the available sales. It follows that if new manufacturers come into the market and take sales, their sales must come from substitution, not expansion.Given the complexity of today’s airliners, it is unlikely that any n ew entrant will have both the financial and technical resources to come into the market without the involvement of an established manufacturer. In the short term, such involvement may not be to the exclusive benefit of the new entrant: most of the established manufacturers are searching for ways to reduce costs of manufacture.In the short term, it can be of benefit to an established Western manufacturer to have either components of complete air–frames made or assembled in lower-wage economics such as China, Taiwan or Korea, while retaining the design, development and marketing of aircraft for itself. It would be a very unwise Western manufacturer which did not notice the fact that these developing economies are acquiring skills (like computing) at least as quickly as they are acquiring skills in metalbashing (猛击).The danger comes when the new entrant no longer needs the established Western partner because it has acquired the technical and intellectual ability to design and build its own aircraft. An Asian partner may well find itself in the happy position of having the low-cost labour base, the high-cost technology base and the vital financial base to build a new airliner.74. The author’s attitude towards Western/Eastern cooperation can be described as ________.A. positiveB. progressiveC. conservativeD. negative75. “The airliner market is not such a device” means that the airliner market ________.A. does not encourage technology transferB. is too limited to offer chances of successC. requires hi-tech rather than unaccepted devicesD. is full of competitions for new entrants76. According to the author, a wise established manufacturer should ________.A. try to benefit from both financial and technical resourcesB. break up his partnership with the East once profits are madeC. keep a tight told over hi-tech development and marketing of airlinersD. cooperate with Asian partners for a short time77. The word “base” in the last paragraph represents ________.A. a place for aircraft productionB. the operation of aircraftC. a research instituteD. a position where to build officeSection CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.“There is a senseless conc ept that children grow up and leave home when they are 18, and the truth is far from that,” says sociologist Larry Bumpass of the University of Wisconsin. Today, unexpected numbers of young adults are living with their parents.Analysts raised a variety of reasons for this return to the nest. One important reason is that the marriage age is rising, a condition that makes home and its pleasantness particularly attractive to young people, which is second to skyrocketing housing costs to which young people find their wings attached. Besides, a high divorce rate and a declining remarriage rate are sending economically pressed and emotionally hurt survivors back to parental shelters. For some, the expense of an away-from-home college education has become so great that many students now attend local schools.Living at home, says Knighton, a school teacher, continues to give her security and moral support. Her mother agreed, “It is ridiculous for the kids to pay all that money for rent. It makes sense for kids to stay at home.” But sharing the family home requires adjustments for all. There are the quarrels over bathrooms, telephones and privacy. Some families, however, manage the delicate balancing act. But for others, it proves too difficult. Michelle Del Turco, 24, has been home three times —and left three times. “What I considered a social drink, my dad considered an alcohol problem,” she explains. “He never liked anyone I dated, so I either had to hide away to meet them at friends’ houses.”It is really hard to say how long adult children should live with their parents before moving on. Nevertheless, it is commonly recognized that lengthy homecomings are a mistake and they accidentally destroy the advantage of brief visits that will strengthen the relationship between parents and children. Children, struggling to establish separate identities, can end up with “a sense of inadequacy, defeat and failure.” And aging parents, who should be enjoying some financial and personal freedom, find themselves stuck with responsibilities, which is definitely a stress for them.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. What’s the most important reason for young adults’ returning to the nest?79. Knighton enjoys living at home due to ________.80. What has resulted in the Michelle Del Turco’s unhappy experience with her dad?81. From the passage, we can conclude it is ________ that benefit(s) both adult children and their parentsto avoid lengthy homecomings.第 II 卷 (共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 他们的建议听起来和我们的同样可行。