现在分词作状语
现在分词 状语
现在分词状语
1. 现在分词可以用作状语,表示与谓语动词同时或居前发生的动作或状态。
2. 现在分词状语可以对主语、谓语、宾语、时间、地点、原因等进行修饰。
3. 现在分词状语可以表达主动、进行中、持续性的动作或状态。
4. 现在分词状语可用于表示伴随状况,如"他走着走着,突然停下来了"。
5. 现在分词状语与主句主语一致时,可以表达两者同时进行的动作,如"他打着电话走进屋子"。
6. 现在分词状语可表示对比关系,如"他笑着,我却哭了"。
7. 现在分词状语可以表示原因,如"天气太热,我们锻炼的时候总是汗流浃背"。
8. 现在分词状语可以修饰时间,如"晚饭做好了,我刚收拾完桌子"。
9. 现在分词状语可以修饰地点,如"他坐在沙发上看电视"。
10. 现在分词状语可以表示结果,如"他太累了,跑步跑着跑着就摔倒了"。
现在分词做状语
现在分词做状语现在分词被用作状语。
其实大多数情况下,现在分词和它的关联成分一起作状语,也就是现在分词短语作状语,相当于它对应的状语从句。
大多数情况下,可以放在句首,也可以放在句尾。
例:1.作时间状语Entering the classroom, the students began to read English.一进教室,学生们就开始读英语。
(相当于As soon as/After they entered the classroom)2.作原因状语The girl doesn't feel like eating any food, being ill for a few days.这个女孩不想吃任何食物。
她已经病了几天了。
(相当于Because she has been ill for a few days或Because of her being ill for a few days)3.作条件状语Working hard, he will succeed in passing the English examination.如果他努力学习,他能通过英语考试。
(相当于从句If he works hard)4.作让步状语Being tired after work, he still insists on studying French.下班后很累,他仍然坚持学习法语。
(相当于Though he is tired after work或Though tired after work)5.作结果状语People all over the world sing the song, making it popular.全世界的人都唱这首歌,这使它流行起来。
(相当于so that they make it popular)6.作方式状语Travelling by car , we enjoyed many beautifull places.开车旅行时,我们欣赏了许多美丽的地方。
现在分词作状语有几种形式-有用
(4)表示结果
a. The old man died, leaving nothing but debts.
b. we hurried to school ,finding there were no students in the school.
c. They opened fire, killing one of our patrolmen.
2
Relying on our own efforts, we overcame all the difficulties.
They stood there for an hour ,watching the game.
Don’t just stand there doing nothing.
Judging from his accent, he seemed to be from Hunan province.
=If we judge…
29
Generally speaking, every spy has a contact.
Considering his age, he was helped by the young fellow.
23
注意2:分词作状语时,分词和 句子的主语一定要有逻辑上的主 谓关系
逻辑上的主谓关系即分词的动作 由句子的主语发出或承受.
24
We are sitting here, making notes. make的动作由主语我们 发出
Being scolded by his mother, the boy hung his head. Scold 的动作由the boy承受
27
He entering the office, a letter was found on the ground.
现在分词作状语
5) Four people entered the room looking
around in a curious way. 伴随状语 = Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way.
2. 作状语的V-ing形式和句子之间通常有一个 逗号隔开,不能用并列连词。 • He came into the room, singing and dancing. Hearing the news, they couldn’t help crying. She sat in sofa watching TV.
2. Don’t sit there ________ nothing. Come and help me with this table. (2006年 湖北卷 A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing
可以表示时间, 原因, 结果, 条件, 行 为方式或伴随动作等。 1).Using your head, you’ll find a good way. 条件状语
If you use your head
Working hard, you’ll surely
succeed.
If you work hard
3). Walking in the street, I saw a tailor’s shop. 时间
When I was walking in the street.
4). His father died, leaving the family even worse off. 结果
and this left the family even worse off
现在分词作状语
现在分词作状语如果现在分词表示的是主句动作的方式或手段,可以用作方式状语。
这时分词通常放在主句谓语动词之后。
例如:①He drove to the airport,listening to the。
all the way.他一路听着收音机,开车去了机场。
②She sat at the table,XXX.她坐在桌前写信。
③He solved the problem,using a new method.他用一种新方法解决了这个问题。
④The children ran out of the classroom,XXX.孩子们边跑边笑着喊着走出教室。
三、作原因状语现在分词有时可表示主句动作的原因,这时分词放在主句谓语动词之前,其前常加上连词because或owing to。
例如:①Being tired,he went to bed early.由于累了,他早早上床睡觉了。
②Owing to the heavy rain,the game was put off.由于下大雨,比赛被推迟了。
③Because of having missed the train,he was XXX.因为误了火车,他开会迟到了。
四、作让步状语现在分词有时可表示主句动作的让步,这时分词放在主句谓语动词之前,其前常加上连词though或although。
例如:①Though tired,he went on working.虽然累了,他还是继续工作。
②Although having failed many times,he didn't give up.虽然失败了很多次,他没有放弃。
③Though XXX,he still made the mistake.虽然老师警告过他,他还是犯了错误。
五、作条件状语现在分词有时可表示主句动作的条件,这时分词放在主句谓语动词之前,其前常加上连词if或unless。
例如:①If left alone,the baby will cry.如果不理睬它,婴儿会哭的。
现在分词作状语
现在分词作状语现在分词短语可以用作状语,修饰句子中由谓语表示的主要动作。
这个状语可以表示动作发生的时间、原因、结果、条件、或表示主要动作发生的伴随情况,通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。
一般说来,这种结构的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
一、作时间状语 如果现在分词的动作和主谓语的动作同时发生,分词用一般式,有时其前可以加上连词while或when。
例如:①Hearing the news,they all jumped with joy.② Walking slowly across the grass,he pointed the gun at the lion and fired. ③One day,while walking along the sands towards his boat,Crusoe saw in the sand the mark of a man's foot. 如果现在分词的动作结束之后,谓语动词的动作才发生,现在分词应用完成式。
这时分词所表示的动作有一定的持续性。
例如: ① Having watered the flowers,he began to cut the grass. ② Having eaten his dinner,the boy rushed out. ③Hearing the footstep below(=When he heard the footstep below),he rose and went to the top of the stairs.④ Seeing a large cake flying through the air,the driver pulled up quickly.注:①分词动作一发生,谓语动作紧跟着发生,这时用现在分词的一般式作时间状语,其逻辑主语为句中的主语。
常用的动词,如:hear, see, arrive, return, get to, look, open, close, leave, turn around, walk等,表示一个极短暂动作。
现在分词作状语
4. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, _____ supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake. (福建2010) A. sending B. to send C. having sent D. to have sent
Having been translated ______________________into many languages, the book was widely read all over the world. ( translate ) Having finished _____________his homework , he went to bed. ( finish )
T
Practice
单句改错
1. Having not seen the film, I can’t tell you what I think of it. Not having 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. working 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. Seeing 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too. speaking
5. “Can’t you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall. pointing 6. Knocking at the door before entering, please. Knock 7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world. making
现在分词做状语
语法一:现在分词做状语现在分词(动词的ing 形式)做状语时,通常都表示主语正在进行的另一动作,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致,且必须与句子的主语是逻辑上的主谓关系;动词的ing形式表示的动作是次要动作。
现在分词可以做时间,条件,结果,让步,方式等状语。
相当于相应的状语从句。
作时间,原因或条件时,通常位于主句前面,作方式,伴随或结果状语时,通常位于主句后面。
如果分词所表示的动作和谓语的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生,用现在分词的一般式。
如果分词动作明显在谓语动词之前发生,用现在分词的完成式。
(having done),在作时间状语的分词前,可加连词while, when,介词after, before, on等。
一. 做伴随状语:分词等于and连接两个动词或分句。
1:The dog came in. It followed its master. =The dog came in, following its master.2:The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.3:They stood there for an hour, watching the game.二.原因状语相当于as, since, because等引起的原因状语从句,常位于句首,句中或句末。
1. He was a brave man. He decided to return to France. = Being a brave man, he decided to return to France.2:Seeing nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.3:No t knowing her address, we couldn‟t get in touch with her.4:Being so poor in those days, we couldn‟t afford to send the boy to hospital.5.Having worked among the peasants for many years, he knew them very well.6. Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter.三.时间状语,相当于when, while ,as 等引导的时间状语从句,常位于句首或句末。
动词现在分词作状语
动词现在分词作状语
动词的现在分词可以用作状语来修饰句子中的谓语动词,表达其进行的方式、原因、时间、条件等。
在句子中作状语时,现在分词通常表示与主句动作同时或先后发生的动作,也可以表示原因、方式等。
1、例如:时间状语:
走路时,他喜欢听音乐。
("走路时"是现在分词短语,表示时间,修饰主句动作喜欢听音乐。
)
学习时,要专心。
("学习"作为现在分词,表示时间,修饰主句动作要专心。
)
2、原因状语:
下雨,比赛取消了。
("下雨"作为现在分词,表示原因,修饰主句动作比赛取消了。
)
感到紧张,她开始发抖了。
("感到紧张"作为现在分词,表示原因,修饰主句动作她开始发抖了。
)
3、方式状语:
静静地等待着,他看着窗外的景色。
("静静地"作为现在分词,表示方式,修饰主句动作看着窗外的景色。
)
用力地推开门,他跌倒了。
("用力地"作为现在分词,表示方式,修饰主句动作推开门。
)。
现在分词做作状语
现在分词做作状语分词作为状语是一种常见的用法,它可以修饰句子的主语、谓语、宾语或整个句子。
根据分词的形式和用法,可以分为以下几种情况:1. 现在分词作主语状语:现在分词可以单独作主语状语,表示伴随动作或状态。
例如:- Swimming is a good way to keep fit. (游泳是保持健康的好方法。
)- Running in the morning is refreshing. (早晨跑步很令人神清气爽。
)2. 现在分词作时间状语:现在分词可以表示时间状况,常用的有while, when, before, after等引导词。
例如:- While studying, he listened to music. (他一边学习,一边听音乐。
)- After finishing his homework, he went out for a walk. (做完作业后,他出去散步了。
)3. 现在分词作原因状语:现在分词可以表示原因或理由。
例如:- Being tired, she went to bed early. (她累了,所以早早上床睡觉了。
)- Having missed the bus, he had to walk home. (他错过了公交车,只能步行回家了。
)4. 现在分词作结果状语:现在分词可以表示结果,常用的情况有so, therefore等引导词。
例如:- He studied hard so as to pass the exam. (他努力学习,以便通过考试。
)- The weather was bad, so they stayed at home. (天气不好,所以他们呆在家里。
)。
《现在分词作状语》课件
05
现在分词作状语的练习与巩固
选择题练习
总结词
通过选择题练习,学生可以加深对现在分词作状语的理 解,提高对相关句子的辨识能力。
详细描述
设计一系列关于现在分词作状语的选择题,每个题目提 供四个选项,让学生根据句子语境选择正确的答案。题 目难度可以根据学生实际情况进行调整,从简单到复杂 ,逐步提高难度。
让步状语
总结词
表示动作发生的让步条件
详细描述
现在分词短语用作让步状语时,通常放在句 首或句末,表示某个动作发生的让步条件。 例如,“Despite being tired, he insisted
on finishing the work.”(尽管累了,他 还是坚持完成了事项
详细描述
设计一系列中英文互译的翻译题,让学生将含有现在分 词作状语的英文句子翻译成中文,或者将含有相应中文 句子的英文句子翻译成中文。通过翻译实践,学生可以 更好地掌握现在分词作状语的用法,提高语言水平。同 时,教师还可以根据学生的实际水平,提供不同难度的 翻译题目,以满足不同层次学生的学习需求。
THANKS
条件状语
总结词
表示某个动作发生的条件
详细描述
现在分词短语用作条件状语时,通常放在句首或句末,表示某个动作发生的条件。例如 ,“Hearing the news, they immediately set off to the airport.”(听到消息后,
他们立刻出发去机场。)
伴随状语
总结词
表示动作发生时伴随的情况或结果
《现在分词作状语》 ppt课件
contents
目录
• 现在分词作状语的概述 • 现在分词作状语的形式 • 现在分词作状语的用法 • 现在分词作状语的注意事项 • 现在分词作状语的练习与巩固
现在分词作状语
现在分词作状语现在分词作状语时, 分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语, 分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系, 否则不能用现在分词作状语。
但要注意它的各种形式变化:主动形式被动形式一般式V-ing being V-ed完成式having V-ed having been V-ede. g. Hearing the bell, the students began to enter the classroom.听见铃声, 学生们开始走进教室。
(听见和进入两个动作同时发生)The building being built now is our new library. 现在正在建造的这栋楼房室我们的新图书馆。
(being built为现在分词的被动形式, 表示动作正在进行之中)Having done the work, he went home. 完成了工作, 他就回家了。
现在分词在句中作状语, 修饰谓语动词或整个句子, 表示动作发生的原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。
现在分词一般不用作表目的地状语(通常用不定式表目的地状语)。
1)表时间状语Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.(=When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.)While waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.(=While waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.)2) 表原因状语Being ill, he didn’t go to school.(=as he was ill, he didn’t go to school.)既然你是一个学生, 你就应该努力学习。
现在分词作状语的用法
现在分词作状语的用法如今分词作状语:①如今分词doing所代表的动作或状态与谓语动词是同时或几乎是同时发生的,可以作时间、缘由、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步、伴随等状语。
分词的规律主语就是句子的主语。
如:Rushing out of the house, he was knocked down by a car.他一冲出屋子就被一辆车撞倒了。
My cousin went to Shenzhen, hoping to find a job there.我表兄去深圳了,盼望在那儿找份工作。
The child fell,striking his head against the door.小孩摔了一跤,头在门上碰了一下。
In the last few years, the country has had a hard time, suffering several killer quakes. 过去几年里,这个国家经受了困难的时期,遭受了几次致命的地震。
Being spring, the flowers are in full bloom.因为是春天,所以花都盛开着。
②有些分词作状语,没有规律上的主语,已成为习惯用法:considering, judging from, talking of, allowing for(考虑到), generally/frankly/honestly/roughly/strictly speaking,assuming that(假设)等。
如:Talking of this film, its wonderful.说到这部电影,好极了。
Assuming that it is true, what should we do now假定那是真的, 我们如今该怎麽办Judging by the direction of the wind, it wont rain today.依据风向测度, 今日不会下雨。
现在分词作状语举例说明
现在分词作状语举例说明
分词作状语,是指分词(动词的现在分词形式或过去分词形式)在句中充当状语,修饰主句的谓语动词,表示时间、原因、条件、方式等等。
以下是一些例子:
1. 时间状语:Having finished my homework, I went out for a walk. (我做完作业后,出去散步了。
)
在这个句子中,动词分词短语“Having finished my homework”作时间状语,说明主句中的动作发生在前一个动作完成之后。
2. 原因状语:Being tired, she decided to go to bed early. (她因为累了,决定早点睡觉。
)
在这个句子中,动词分词短语“Being tired”作原因状语,解释了为什么她要早点睡觉。
3. 条件状语:If invited, I will attend the party. (如果被邀请,我会参加派对。
)
在这个句子中,动词过去分词短语“If invited”作条件状语,表示只有在被邀请的情况下,我才会去参加派对。
4. 方式状语:He drove to work, singing loudly all the way. (他一路上唱着大声的歌开车去上班。
)
在这个句子中,动词分词短语“singing loudly”作方式状语,说明他开车去上班的方式。
这些例子展示了分词作状语的不同用法。
需要注意的是,分词作状语时一般放在句子的前面或者后面,如果在句子的前面,要用逗号将其与主句分开。
非谓语动词之现在分词作状语
VS
在处理主谓一致问题时,需要注意分 词短语中代词的性别和数,以确保与 主句主语一致。
逻辑关系问题
在使用现在分词作状语时,需要确保其与主句之间的逻辑关系清晰。现在分词描述的动作或状态应与主句的动作或状态有明 确的因果、条件或时间关系。
在写作中,应避免使用冗余的现在分词状语,以免造成句子结构复杂和语义混淆。同时,要确保现在分词与主句之间的连接 词使用得当,以明确表达逻辑关系。
结构独立性
02
03
结构复杂性
现在分词作状语通常与主句结构 紧密相连,而从句则可以独立成 句。
现在分词作状语通常结构简单, 而从句可能会因为包含多个句子 成分而显得复杂。
省略情况
省略频率
现在分词作状语在口语中经常被省略,而从句则相对 较少被省略。
省略条件
现在分词作状语的省略通常需要满足一定的语境条件 ,而从句的省略则需要满足特定的语法规则。
语态
现在分词作状语通常表示主动语态,描述主语主动执 行的动作或状态。
位置
位于句首
现在分词作状语可以位于句首,作为句子的开 头部分。
位于句中
现在分词作状语也可以位于句中,紧跟在主语 之后,作为谓语的补充说明。
位于句末
现在分词作状语还可以位于句末,作为句子的结尾部分。
02 现在分词作状语的用法
时间状语
伴随状语
总结词
表示两个动作同时发生或存在某种关联
详细描述
现在分词短语放在句首,表示与主句动作同 时发生的另一个动作。例如,“Walking along the beach, he felt the warm sand beneath his feet.”(沿着海滩走,他感到 脚下温暖的沙子。)
现在分词作状语的七种用法
现在分词作状语的七种用法
1. 表示时间,看呐,Walking in the park, I saw a beautiful flower.(当我在公园散步时,看到了一朵漂亮的花。
)
2. 表示原因,你想想,Being ill, he didn't go to school.(因为生病了,他没去上学。
)
3. 表示条件,要是,Working hard, you will succeed.(努力工作,你就会成功。
)
4. 表示伴随,哎呀,She sat there reading a book.(她坐在那儿读着一本书。
)
5. 表示方式,就像,He came running.(他跑着过来了。
)
6. 表示结果,哇塞,The cup fell on the ground, breaking into pieces.(杯子掉在地上,摔成了碎片。
)
7. 表示让步,即便,Knowing it's hard, he still tries.(尽管知道很难,他还是尝试。
)
这不就是现在分词作状语的七种用法嘛,很简单易懂吧!多有意思呀是不是!。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
现在分词(V-ing)作状语
A动词-ing形式在句子中做状语,表示的动作是主语动作的一部分,与谓语动词表示的动作或状态是同时或者几乎同时发生的。
B句子的主语必须是状语的逻辑主语;而且主语与作状语的分词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系。
1.原因状语,相当于原因状语从句。
1).Being ill, she didn’t go to school today.
因为生病,她今天没上学去。
2). Seeing no one at home, I decided to come again.
看见没有人在家,我决定再来一趟。
2. 时间状语,相当于when, while等引导的从句。
1).Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy.
当听到这个好消息时,他高兴地跳了起来。
2).Walking in the street, I saw a friend of mine.
当我走在街上时,我看到了我的朋友。
如果分词短语表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时发生,常在分词短语前加上when或while。
3).Be careful when crossing the street.
过街时小心。
3. 伴随状语,与谓语所表示的动作同时发生。
1).He sat at the table reading China Daily.
他坐在桌子旁看《中国日报》。
2).Talking and smiling, they went into the room.
他们又说又笑地走进房间。
4. 结果状语。
1).The mother died, leaving a lot of money for her children.
母亲去世了,给她的孩子留下了一大笔钱。
5. 条件状语。
Turning right, you will find the place you want.
往右转弯,你就会找到你要找的地方了。
III.现在分词短语作状语时,它的逻辑主语一般须与句子的主语一致。
作状语的分词相当于一个状语从句。
1).Seeing from the top of the hill, we can see our beautiful school.
从山顶望下去,我们就能看到我们美丽的学校。
但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑主语,独立主语=逻辑主语+现在分词……表示伴随,时间、原因,条件。
2).Many people being absent, they decided to put the meeting off.
由于许多人都缺席了,他们决定取消这次会议。
IV. 现在分词的否定形式。
现在分词的否定式:not+ v.ing
完成式的否定式:not+ having done
Not having heard from her son for a long time, the mother worried a great deal.
由于很久没有收到儿子的来信,这位母亲很担心。
V. 现在分词的时态和语态的用法。
1). 分词一般式表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作一般同时进行时,则用分词的一般式形式。
He walked on the street, seeing back from time to time.
他走在街上,不时地向身后看看
2). 如果分词所表示的动作先于谓语动词发生,则用分词的完成式形式。
Having finished his work, Henry went home.
完成了他的工作后,亨利回家了。
语法聚焦预习自测
1._________ her telephone number, I couldn’t ring her up.由于不知道她的电话号码,我无法打电话给她。
2. ____________________, we will go there on foot.
天气好的话,我们将步行去那里。
3.___________________, I met Mary.
上学时我遇见了玛丽。
4. I turn off the light, ____________________.
我把灯关了,所以什么也看不见。
5. _____________________, you will succeed. 努力工作,你就会成功。
6. _____________________ his letter, I decided to write to him. 没收到他的来信,我决定给他写信。
7. The building __________(build) now is our new library.
8. __________________________(give) such a good chance, how could you let it slip away?
9. He stood, __________(lean) against the wall.
10. The song is sung all over the country, _______ (make) it the most popular song.
答案:
1. Not knowing
2. Weather permitting
3. While going to the school
4. seeing nothing
5. Working hard
6. Not receiving
7. being built
8. Having been given 9. leaning 10. making
II. 学以致用
一、词汇运用
1. It rained heavily in the south,serious flooding in several provinces.(2010 天津)
A. caused
B. having caused
C. causing
D. to cause
2. at my classmates' faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.(2010 北京)
A. Looking
B. Look
C. To look
D. Looked
3. The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu ,________the students to return to their classrooms.(2010 江苏)
A. enabling
B. having enabled
C. to enable
D. to have enabled
4 The lady walked around the shops, _______ an eye out for bargains.(2010 江西)
A keep
B kept
C keeping
D to keep
5. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, supplies to Yushu, Qinghai province after the earthquake.(2010 福建)
A. sending
B. to send
C. having sent
D. to have sent
6. He had a wonderful childhood,_______with his mother to all corners of the world.(2010 安徽)
A. travel
B.to travel.
C. traveled
D. traveling
7. Dina, for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.(2010 湖南)
A. struggling
B. struggled
C. having struggled
D. to struggle
8. The lawyer listened with full attention,to miss any point.(2010 四川)A.not trying B.trying not
C.to try not D.not to try
9. The news shocked the public, _______to
g reat concern about students’ safety at school.(2010 重庆)
A. having led
B. led
C. leading
D. to lead
答案:
1. CAACA 6. DCBC。