自动化专业英语考试题与复习

自动化专业英语考试

relatively small 相对较小的 instigate v.激发，产生 is capable of 具有...的能力 power 功率参考译文本电路的特色是相对小的基极电流能控制和激发出一个比它大得多的集电极电流(或更恰当地说，一个小的输入功率能够产生一个比它大得多的输出功率)。换句话说，晶体管的作用相当于一个放大器。原文[9]
参考译文（注意：本定义仅适用于发射极是两个电路的公共端时——被称
为共发射极连接。）这是晶体管最常见的连接方式，但是，当然也存在其它两种可选的连接方法—— 共基极连接和共集电极连接。但是在每一种情况下晶体管的工作原理是相同的。原文[8]
The particular advantage offered by this circuits is that a relatively small base current can control and instigate a very much larger collector current (or, more correctly, a small input power is capable of producing a much larger output power). In other words, the transistor works as an amplifier. 注释
注释
lead
引脚，导线
operate 操作，运行
参考译文
因此晶体管有三个区域，并从这三个区域引出三个管脚。要使工作电路运行，晶体管需与两个外部电压或极性连接。其中一个外部电压工作方式类似于二极管。原文[5]
A transistor will, in fact, work as a diode by using just this connection and forgetting about the top half. An example is the substitution of a transistor for a diode as the detector in a simple radio. It will work just as well as a diode as it is working as a diode in this case. 注释

专业英语练习卷 A(答案)

《专业英语(自动化)》复习卷A卷一．Put the following words and phrases into English or chinese. (20*1=20)1．电路circuit 2．控制系统Control system 3．元件component 4．电压voltage 5．电流current 6．欧姆定律Ohm’s Low 7．开关switch 8．指针needle 9．螺丝刀Scrow driver 10．引脚pin 11．Strip条纹12．Intergrated circuit集成电路13．chip晶片14．sensor传感器15．maintenance维护16．actuator执行器17．joint关节18．servomotor伺服电机19．telerobot遥控机器人20．gripper夹爪二．C hoose one word from the word list below to fill in the blank in each of thefollowing sentences. (20*1=20)1)Digital 2)analog, 3)positive 4)common 5)a function switch 6)a range switch 7)extended ranges of voltage 8)dc and ac9)current 10) resistanceA multimeter is a general-purpose meter capable of measuring 8 voltage,9 , 10 , and in some cases, decibels. There are two types of meters: 2 using a standard meter movement with a needle (see Fig 3.1(a)), and , with an 1 electronic numerical display (see Fig 3.1(b)).Both types of meters have a 3 (+) jack and a 4 jack (-) for the test leads， 5 to select dc voltage, ac voltage, dc current, ac current, or ohms and 6 for accurate readings. The meters may also have other jacks to measure 7 (1 to 5 kV) and current (up to 10A) there are some variations to the functions used for specific meters.1)Resistance 2)placed across (in parallel) 3)be removed4)in series with 5)mechanical adjust 6)automatic indicator5)properly 8) test leads 9)correct 10)be openedBesides the function and range switches (sometimes they are in a single switch.) The analog meter may have a polarity switch to facilitate reversing the test leads. The needle usually has a screw for 5 to set it to zero and also a zero adjust control to compensate for weakening batteries when measuring 1 . An analog meter can read positive and negative voltage by simply reversing the 8 or moving the polarity switch. A digital meter usually has an 6 for polarity on its display.Meters must be 7connected to a circuit to ensure a 9 reading. A voltmeter is always 2 the circuit or component to be measured. When measuring current, the circuit must 10 and the meter inserted 4 the circuit or component to be measured. When measuring the resistance of a component in a circuit, the voltage to the circuit must 3 and the meter placed in parallel with the component.三.Read the following passage and answer the questions.（5*8=40）RobotsRobots produce mechanical motion that,in most cases,results in manipulation or locomotion.For example,industrial robots manipulate parts or tools to perform manufacturing tasks such as material handing,welding,spray painting,or assembly;automated guided vehicles are used for transporting materials in factories and warehouses.Telerobots provide astronauts with large mainipulators for remotely performing spacecraft maintenance.Robots perform repetitive,high-precision operations 24 hours a day without fatigue.Robots on this automobile assembly line weld body parts together.The General Motors corporation uses about 16,000 robots to weld,assemble,and paint automobiles.Walking robots explore active volcanoes.Mechanical characteristics for robots include degrees of freedom of movement,size and shape of the operatingspace,stiffness and strength of the structure ,lifting capacity,velocity ,and acceleration under load.Performance measures include repeatability and accuracy of positioning,speed,and freedom from vibration.A robot is made up of sensors,actuators,and computatlonal elements(a microprocessor).Actuators for moving joints of a robot are usually electric servomotors.In the past ,larger robots were built with hydraulic actuation due to their high payload capacity and ability to work in explosion-prone environments.In the 1990s,there was a trend by the major manufacturers to use electric actuators in most of their industrial robots.A robot is an automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose, manipulating machine with several reprogrammable axes, which may be either fixed in place or mobile for use in industrial automation applications.The key words are reprogrammable and multipurpose because most single-purpose machines do not meet these two requirements. The term “reprogrammable” implies two things: The robot operates according to a written program, and this program can be rewritten to accommodate a variety of manufacturing tasks. The term “multipurpose” means that the robot can perform many different functions, depending on the program and tooling currently in use.Over the past two decades, the robot has been introduced into industry to perform many monotonous and often unsafe operations. Because robots can perform certain basic tasks more quickly and accurately than humans, they are being increasingly used in various manufacturing industries.1.What industrial robots can do for people?Industrial robots manipulate parts or tools to perform manufacturing tasks such as material handing,welding,spray painting,or assembly;automated guided vehicles are used for transporting materials in factories and warehouses.2.What are the advantages of robots?igue.Robots perform repetitive,high-precision operations 24 hours a day without fat3. What parts are made up of the robot?A robot is made up of sensors,actuators,and computatlonal elements(a microprocessor).4．What does t he term “reprogrammable” impl y?The term “reprogrammable”implies two things: The robot operates according to a written program, and this program can be rewritten to accommodate a variety of manufacturing tasks.5.Why are robots widely used over the past two decades?Because robots can perform certain basic tasks more quickly and accurately than humans, they are being increasingly used in various manufacturing industries.四.Read the following passage and t ranslate the underlined phrases and sentences into Chinese.（5*4=20）Classification of Robots1.Industrial robots vary widely in size, shape, number of axes, degrees of freedom, and design configuration. Each factor influences the dimensions of the robot’s working envelope or the volume of space within which it can move and perform its designated task. A broader classification of robots can been described as below.Fixed-and Variable-Sequence Robots. The fixed-sequence robot (also called a pick-and place robot) is programmed for a specific sequence of operations. Its movements are from point to point, and the cycle is repeated continuously. 2.The variable-sequence robot can be programmed for a specific sequence of operations but can be reprogrammed to perform another sequence of operation.3.Playback Robot. An operator leads or walks the playback robot and its end effector through the desired path. The robot memorizes and records the path and sequence of motions and can repeat them continually without any further action or guidance by the operator.Numerically Controlled Robot. 4.The numerically controlled robot is programmed and operated much like a numerically controlled machine. The robot is servo-controlled by digital data, and its sequence of movements can be changed with relative ease.5.Intelligent Robot. The intelligent robot is capable of performing some of the functions and tasks carried out by human beings. It is equipped with a variety of sensors with visual and tactile capabilities.1. 工业机器人在尺寸、形状、轴的数量、自由度、设计构型等方面广泛的变化。

自动化专业英语试卷及答案

自动化专业英语试卷及答案第一篇：自动化专业英语试卷及答案2008年秋冬学期研究生专业英语期末考试试卷参考答案1.Translate the following words or phrases into Chinese ① Metric度量收敛方差随机等价动态方程判据、评价标准测量模型偏微分方程在概率意义上，依概率② Convergence③ Covariance④ Stochastic⑤ Equivalence⑥ Dynamic equation⑦ Criteria⑧ Measurement Model⑨ Partial derivative equation⑩ In the sense of probability2.Explain the following symbols in English① '' bmthe second order derivative ofb sub m, bdouble prime sub m②③④ A⇔BA is equivalent toapproaches aB xi→axi y∂y∂xxthe partial derivative ofwith respective toa⑤ ⎰b⑥ a‖b⑦⑧ 3=ffintegral between limits b to a a is parallel to the cube root of set aAbXaaA⊆X is contained in b d⑨ (a+b-c⨯d)÷edivided by ⑩ e plusminus c multiplied , allequals ∀ε,∃N,s.t ai→a as i→∞for any special ε, there is a respected N,such that aiapproachesaas i approaches∞二、Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese Paragraph A[8 Points]A subsetd(x,y)<MA⊆Xis said to be bounded if there existsx,y∈AM∈Rsuch thatfor all.The diameter of A is defined to besup{d(x,y)x,y∈A}.A bounded metric space is one for which X itself is bounded.Bounded intervals in R are bounded sets.A discrete metric space is bounded(take译文：一个子集Ad(x,y)<MM=1).⊆X被称为是有界的，如果存在Mx,y∈A∈R使得对所有x,y∈A有。

自动化专业英语复习资料

Translate the following sentences into Chinese。

(2)Although current and voltage are the two basic variables in an electric circuit，they are not sufficient by themselves。

For practical purposes，we need to know how muchpower an electric device can handle。

虽然电流和电压是电路中的两个基本变量，但是它们本身是不足够的。

出于实用的目的，我们需要知道电气设备可以处理多大的功率。

(3)In any linear circuit containing multiple independent sources，the current or voltage at any point in the network may be calculated as the algebraic sum of the individual contributions of each source acting alone。

任一含有多个独立电源的线性电路，某处电压或电流都是电路中各个独立电源单独作用时，在该处分别产生的电压或电流的叠加。

(5)Since an 8-bit code can represent 256 segments，its codes for the same analogvalue are shown with the maximum analog signal of 1.5V equal to 255 。

Notice thatthe 8-bit code is two groups of 4-bit codes，which are also expressed inhexadecimal form。

自动化专业英语复习

infra-acoustic
infrahuman
Prefixes (8)
• in-:

非，无
不准确的
不稳定的不变的无机的
inaccurate
instability invariable inorganic
• micro-：小，微

microcomputer
微型计算机微生物显微镜
耐热的带宽流线型的基岩高耗电的太空行走水冷的液态阻燃的网状物
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
heatband stream bed power space water liquid firenet
A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J.

• di-：二；二倍；二重；双；
dioxide
diode
二极管
三角形三轮车
• tri-：三；三倍；

triangle
tricycle
quadri-: 四 hepta-: 七
quint-: 五
hexa-:六
Prefixes (5)
• deci-:

十分之一
分贝分米
decibel (db)
geoscience
Prefixes (7)
• hydro-:

水；氢化的
水文学
碳氢化合物水生生物学水雷,鱼雷
hydrology
hydrocarbon hydrobiology hydrobomb
• Infra-：在下（部）；亚，低，外

infrared
红外线（的）亚声的，亚音频的类人动物

自动化专业外语复习资料

除 divided by 分数：
A 表示为A over B B
be equal to
等于（equals 也可以）
the value of the resistance（注意，不是 resistor）,电阻值（或者说 resistance value）同理：电感值电容值深度值 the value of the inductance ( inductance value) the value of the capacitance ( capacitance value) the value of the depth ( depth value )
自动化专业英语 Specified English for Automation Unit 1 A：Electrical Networks 电路（电网络）
原文[1] An electrical circuit or network is composed of elements such as resistors, inductors, and capacitors connected together in some manner. 注：electrical circuit be composed of element manner resistor inductor capacitor 参考译文：电路是由电阻、电感、电容等元件以某种方式相互联接所构成的。原文[2] If the network contains no energy sources, such as batteries or electrical generators, it is known as a passive network. 电路由…组成、构成元件，元器件方式、方法电阻电感电容

工业自动化专业英语复习资料

工业自动化专业英语复习资料Unit 10signal conditioner 信号调理器electric motor 电动机solenoid 螺线管electromechanically 机电地a solid-state device 含半导体的固体设备actuate solenoid valve 启动电磁阀cylinder 气缸sequential control system 顺序控制系统rinse 漂洗stepper motor 步进电动机servomotor 伺服电动机electric stove 电炉ceramic fiber 陶瓷on-off 开关式proportional（throttling）节流式to complicate matters 很复杂的是line specification 管线规格inlet pressure 入口压力differential pressure 差压flow characteristics of the valve 阀的流量特性linear，equal percentage，quick-opening 线性，等百分比，快开fail-safe mode故障安全模式fail-closed /open valve气关/开型bellow seals波纹管密封vendor 卖方，厂家threeway /angle/gate/diaphragm/pinch/rotary/ ball/ butterfly/ plug valve三通/角阀/闸阀/隔膜阀/夹管阀/旋钮阀/球阀/蝶阀/柱塞阀flanged/threaded /welded connections法兰连接/线接/焊接cast iron 铸铁cooling fins 散热片packing 填料deformable 变形的chemically inert 化学惰性leakage 泄露hydraulic actuator 液动执行机构pneumatic actuator 气动执行机构modulate 调制，调节vent 排放elastic 有弹性的Unit 11process modeling and system identification 过程建模和系统辨识mathematical model 数学模型input-output relationship 输入输出关系tremendous process 巨大的几步heat transfer coefficient 热传导系数chemical reaction rate 化学反应速率damping factor 阻尼系数optimal and adaptive control theories最优化和自适应控制理论time-varying parameter 时变参数communication channel probing 通信信道探测system and fault testing 系统和故障检测econometrics 计量经济学have long sought 一直寻求。

电气工程及其自动化期末考试资料(专升本)2020学年专升本大学英语III复习资料

Part I Choose a Chinese Expression in Column B for the word in Column A.(在B 组中结合A组中的单词找一个合适的中文解释) (每题1分，共15分)1．a llow A. 顾客2．o verseas B. 记得，记住3．c ompetition C. 便宜货4．m onth D. 接受5．r emember E. 餐馆，饭店6．i nformation F. 婚礼，结婚7．r estaurant G. 信息8．h elpful H. 目标，目的9．b argain I. 海外的10．textbook J. 机构，组织11．organization K. 教科书12．objective L. 允许13．accept M. 比赛，竞赛14．wedding N. 月份，一个月的时间15．customer O. 有帮助的，有益的Part II Directions: Choose the best answer to complete the sentences (每题1分，共20分)Section A16.Young as she is, Mary is very good at difficult customers.A. handleB. handlingC. handledD. handles17. After explaining his plan in great detail, Bob _______ in main points in a few sentences.A. summarizedB. summarizeC. summarizingD. to summarize18. The doctor insisted that everything would be alright. , I cannot help worrying about the safety of the child.A. InsteadB. AndC. NeverthelessD. While19. After spending a year in Australia, the little girl has gained a good ______ of spoken English.A. dealB. workC. commandD. job20. Though she is nearly 65, Mary does not want to .A. marryB. retireC. workD. sleep21. Einstein once said: “is more important than than knowledge.A. imaginingB. imaginationC.to imagineD. imagination22. The government is taking effective measures to overcome difficulties.A. currentB. corruptC. consentD. content23. The houses in our are very expensive.A. neighborhoodB. neighbourC. neighborsD. nearby24. The result of every accident, however , is a rise in the cost of insurance.A. radicalB. rareC. reluctantD. minor25. He says you are the best candidate.A.by farB. by nowC. by the wayD. by means26. The boat , throwing the boys into the water.A. flow awayB. started awayC. departed forD. turned over27. , the fire was discovered soon after it had started.A. FortunatelyB. GenerallyC. CompletelyD. Absolutely28. all the effort, they did not succeed.A. InsteadB. WithC. In spite ofD. After29. “Is there anything in your personal life which would the party if it becamepublic?”A. disturbB. embarrassC. wakenD. involve30. Parents worry about the harmful ______ of TV violence on their children.A. infectB. affectC. effectD. insect31. I’d like to that students should be allowed more time for independent study.A. proposeB. commandC. arrangeD. steer32. It can be argued, for example, that teaching can be more effectively ifteacher and student taketheir appropriate roles.A. disciplinedB. handledC. accomplishedD. proposed33. A sign at our local church is in wood, with gold lettering, but the isalready fading after three years.A. productB. latterC. laterD. medal34. The river at its mouth where it meets the sea.A. broadensB. extendsC. becomesD. explores35. This new expressway the trip from the city to the capital.A. shortB. shorteningC. to shortenedD. shortenSection B16. Our English teacher takes part in the 800-meter race. Let’s________ him.A. look atB. Cheer forC. come onD. call on17. How many big colleges are there in this city? Let me ________.A. tryB. learnC. doD. count18. What kind of events are you good ________?A. atB. withC. onD. in19. There are two cars here. One is big, and ________ is small.A. anotherB. otherC. an otherD. the other20. He is very ________. He often comes first in shot putting.A. simpleB. strongC. strictD. small21. Look, Lily is on ________ track!A. fiveB. the fiveC. fifthD. the fifth22. Do you often go ________ in the seaA. swimB. swimmingC. swamD. swiming23. May I ask ________ is calling?A. whoB. whomC. sheD. he24. ________ does the plane arrive?A. WhenB. WhatC. WhereD. How25. _____________ will the journey take?A. How oftenB. How muchC. How longD. How about26. Jane has worked there _____________ five hours.A. forB. inC. atD. from27. I received a letter _____________ English.A. inB. toC. fromD. with28. What can I _____________ for you, Madam?A. didB. doneC. doesD. do29.Swimming and painting _____________ two of my special interests.A. areB. isC. wasD. has30. _____________ over the sea can get rather boring after a while.A. FlyB. FlyingC. FliesD. Flied31. Please _____________ me introduce my sister to you.A. giveB. haveC. letD. ask32. You should fill in this application _____________ very carefully.A. passportB. letterC. visaD. form33. _____________ to the Chinese Culture Club. You can learn Beijing opera here.A. ComingB. WelcomeC. Well comeD. Will come34. The monitor takes care _____________ the class.A. ofB. inC. atD. over35. The big tree _____________ a lot of red apples.A. bearsB. wearsC. growsD. takesPart III Reading Comprehension (每题共40 分)Section A Reading and Blank-filling(每题1分，共10分)Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required toselect one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on the Answer Sheet.I like the street market in the city center in this small American town. It often36. _____________ me of the open-air market in my hometown. The market is full of sounds. The music plays 37. _____________, and people are calling to their friends. There are lots of different 38. _____________, too--- fried onions, coffee and fresh bread. All kinds of things are for 39. _____________ there --- food and vegetables, shoes and dresses, CDs and clocks. And there are all kinds of people doing 40. _____________ things --- selling, buying, talking, eating, trying on clothes, and just walking around.I went there with my 41. _____________ friend Bill last Saturday afternoon. We walked through the 42. _____________ slowly, looking at this and that. Suddenly, when we turned a corner, we found the sky 43. _____________ with colored hands: blue, red, pink, yellow, 44._____________ and white. I was so surprised that I stopped short with my mouth open. But I soon smiled and took out my 45. ____________: --- What a wonderful view, with all those beautiful gloves dancing in the sun.Section B Reading in Depth (每题2分，共20分)Directions: There are 3 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and write your choice on the Answer Sheet.第一部分Passage 1Some cities have planned their transportation systems for ear owners. That is what Los Angeles did. Los Angeles decided to build highways for cars rather than spending money on public transportation.This decision was suitable for Los Angeles. The city grew outward instead of upward. Los Angeles never built many tall apartment buildings. Instead, people live in houses with gardens.In Los Angeles, most people drive cars to work. And every car has to have a parking space. So many buildings where people work also have parking tots.Los Angeles also became a city without a Central Business District (CBD). If a city has a CBD, crowds of people rush into it every day to work. If people drive to work, they need lots of road space.So Los Angeles developed several business districts and built homes and other buildings in between the districts. This required more roads and parking spaces.Some people defend this growth pattern. They say Los Angeles is the city of the future.46. According to the passage, Los Angeles is a city where ______.A. there is no public transportation systemB. more money is spent on highways for carsC. more money is spent on public transportation systemsD. public transportation is more developed than in other cities47. "The city grew outward instead of upward" (Line 1, Para. 2) means ______.A. the city became more spread out instead of growing tallerB. there were fewer small houses than tall buildingsC. rapid development took place in the city centerD. many tall buildings could be found in the city48. According to the passage, if a city has several business districts, ______.A. people won't have to drive to work every dayB. there have to be more roads and parking spacesC. companies would be located in between the districtsD. there would be no need to build parking spaces within the districts49. According to the growth pattern of Los Angeles, homes were mainly built ______.A. in the city centerB. along the main roadsC. around business districtsD. within the business districts50. The passage is mainly about ______.A. the construction of parking spaces in Los AngelesB. the new growth pattern of the city of Los AngelesC. the public transportation system in Los AngelesD. the problem of traffic jams iii Los AngelesPassage 2What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is “no”. It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter. You will probably agree, too, that knowing how to investigate, how to discover information, is important to everyone. The scientist, however, goes one step further, he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed by other persons. He also works to fit the answers he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas about how the world works.The scientist’s knowledge must be exact. There is no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different, any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason that investigations are important in science. Albert Einstein, who developed the Theory of Relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics. The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigations, and Einstein’s ideas were shown to be correct. A scientist uses many tools for measurements. Then the measurementsare used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations.51. What makes a scientist according to the passage? ________A. The tools he uses.B. The way he uses his tools.C. His ways of learning.D. The various tools he uses.52. The underlined part in the passage shows_______.A. the importance of informationB. the importance of thinkingC. the difference between scientists and ordinary peopleD. the difference between carpenters and people with other jobs53. A sound scientific theory should be one that _________.A. works not only under one set of conditions at one time, but also under the sameconditions at other timesB. does not allow any changes even under different conditionsC. can be used for many purposesD. leaves no room for improvement54. The author quotes the case of Albert Einstein to illustrate __________.A. that measurements are keys to success in scienceB. that accuracy of mathematicsC. that investigations are important in scienceD. that the mathematical calculations may test his investigations55. What is the main idea of the passage? ________A. The theory of relativity.B. Exactness is the core of science.C. Scientists are different from ordinary people.D. Exactness and ways of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist.第二部分：Passage 1Perhaps you are going to finish school soon and, like many other students, youwant to further your study abroad. Here are some points you should remember if you intend to apply for a scholarship to study in the United States of America.First of all, you will have to ask for an application form, fill in the form with great care, and then send it in with a copy of your school records. After that, you will have to ask your teachers to write some letters of reference. You will also need to take some tests such as TOEFL and GRE. You may apply to several universities at the same time. Overseas students in the States are not allowed to work in their spare time except in the summer.46. This passage is taken from a book for _______.A. professors visiting AmericaB. people who are going to work in AmericaC. American students who are going to graduateD. those who want to study in American universities47. The passage is mainly about how to _____________A. get a jot.B. take TOEFL.C. write a resumeD. apply for a scholarship.48. What is the first step to take in applying to an American university?A. To send school records.B. To write to ask for an application form.C. To provide the TOEFL score report.D. To supply letters of reference.49. What else is needed to be sent with the application form?A. School records.B. TOEFL score reports.C. Reference letters.D. Work permit.50. Which of the following statements is true?A. Overseas students are allowed to work in their spare time in the United States.B. You don’t need reference letters for application.C. Summer is the time when foreign students can work in their spare time.D. You cannot apply to several universities at the same time in the United States. Passage 2As there are so many nationalities in American, people can find almost any kind of restaurants in most of the large cities. The telephone book lists restaurants for each city according to the name, area of the city, or kind of food. Restaurants in large cities vary greatly in price. Many restaurants put up their menus on the window, and you are not sure about how expensive the place is, ask to see a menu before you sit down at a table, or just ask about the price. Appearances from the outside can be misleading--- what looks like a smell, informal restaurant may really be very expensive, and what looks like a large, expensive restaurant may be very reasonable.You can get a meal for about $4 or $5 or a little more if you eat in a snack bar of coffee shop, but in most city restaurants you should expect to pay $8 to $10 a person for dinner, with alcoholic drinks and wine extra. Prices in New York City are even higher.51. Restaurant in each city are listed in the telephone book according to __________.A. area of the cityB. name of the restaurantC. kind of foodD. any of the above52. Where can you see the menus in many restaurants?A. On the tables.B. On the door.C. On the window.D. On the walls53. To let people get some idea of __________, many restaurants have their menuput up on the window.A. the price of the foodB. the area of the cityC. the restaurantD. the kind of service provided54. In most city restaurants, what is the usual dinner price for a person?A. $4 to $6B. $4 to $8C. $6 to $8D. $8 to $1055. What does the passage intend to tell us?A. Prices in New York are very even higher.B. Restaurants in big cities vary greatly in price.C. Appearances of the restaurant from the outside can give you some wrong idea.D. Any kind of restaurants can be found in most of the large cities.Section C skimming and scanning (每题2分，共10分)Directions: Decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage .When you go shopping, there are three points you should remember in order to save money.First, read as many shopping ads as you can. In this way, you’ll have a clear picture of where to buy things at the lowest prices. If you are lucky, you’ll get go od bargains at even lower prices than you expected.Second, collect some coupons which offer discounts. With these coupons, you can save some money.Third, you must remember that prices vary from store to store and from time to time. When you visit open-air markets, flea markets, or yard sales, the prices of some goods are not final. There are always changes that you can get good buys by bargaining or asking for discounts.Remember these points when you go shopping, and you’ll save money.( ) 56. You can bargain over the prices of goods at most open-air markets( ) 57. You can save money by collecting more coupons.( ) 58. Prices may be different in different stores and different times.( ) 59. Shopping ads will help you to buy things at a lower price.( ) 60. The three suggestions given will help you make money.Part IV Translate the following sentences into English (每题3分，共15分)Section A61. 在生活中，我们最愚蠢的行为就是太执着于自己的东西，不愿意放弃。

自动化专业英语考试答案

单词：20分，10个二。

句子翻译：40分，8题1:P2A common method of analyzing an electrical network is mesh or loop analysis.The fundamental law that is applied in this method is Kirchhoff's first law,which states that the algebraic sun of thevoltages around a closed loop is0,or,in any closed loop,the sum of the voltage rises must equal the sum of the voltage drops.Mesh analysis consists of assuming that currents~termed loop currents~flow in each loop of a network,algebraically summing the voltage drops around each loop,and setting each sum equal to0.分析电网络的一般方法是网孔分析法或回路分析法。

应用于此方法的基本定律是基尔霍夫第一定律，基尔霍夫第一定律指出：一个闭合回路中的电压代数和为0，换句话说，任一闭合回路中的电压升等于电压降。

网孔分析指的是：假设有一个电流——即所谓的回路电流——流过电路中的每一个回路，求每一个回路电压降的代数和，并令其为零。

2: P17Alternatively,suppose that there had been attached to each pilot’s seat an electronic device that pr ovided an output voltage which is V1when the seat is occupied and V2when the seat is not occup ied.Let us attach the designation“true”to the voltage level V2so that the level V1is“false”.Let us further construct an electric circuit with two sets of input terminals and one set of output termi nals.The circuit is to have the property that the output voltage will be V2if and only if both inputs ,i.e.,one input AND simultaneously the other,are at the level V2.Otherwise the output is V1 Finally let us connect the inputs to the devices on the chairs of pilots A and B and arrange that an alarm bell,connected to the output Z,respond when the output is V2(“true”)and not otherwise. We have then constructed a circuit which performs the AND operation and is capable of making th e logical deduction that the plane is unpiloted when,indeed,both pilots leave the cockpit换句话说，假设每一位飞行员座位下面有一个电子装置，当座位上有人时，其输出电压为V1，当座位上无人时，其输出电压为V2。

2024年电气自动化专业高职单招技能考试题库及解答英文版

2024年电气自动化专业高职单招技能考试题库及解答英文版Document Title: 2024 High Vocational College Admission Skill Test Question Bank and Answers for Electrical Automation Major1. IntroductionWelcome to the 2024 High Vocational College Admission Skill Test Question Bank for the Electrical Automation major. This document aims to provide a comprehensive set of questions and answers to help students prepare for the upcoming skill test.2. Electrical Fundamentalsa. Define Ohm's Law and explain how it is used in electrical circuits.b. What are the differences between AC and DC currents?c. Describe the purpose and function of a transformer in an electrical system.3. Automation Technologya. What is PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and how is it used in industrial automation?b. Explain the concept of HMI (Human Machine Interface) and its role in automation systems.c. Discuss the importance of sensors and actuators in automated processes.4. Control Systemsa. Define PID control and explain its significance in control systems.b. Compare open-loop and closed-loop control systems.c. Describe the function of a frequency inverter in controlling the speed of an electric motor.5. Safety Regulationsa. List the safety precautions that should be followed when working with high voltage equipment.b. Explain the importance of proper grounding in electrical installations.c. Discuss the significance of lockout-tagout procedures in ensuring safety in industrial settings.6. Troubleshooting and Maintenancea. Outline the steps involved in troubleshooting a malfunctioning electrical circuit.b. Describe the preventive maintenance practices that can be implemented to ensure the longevity of automation systems.c. Discuss the role of predictive maintenance techniques in reducing downtime and improving system reliability.7. Practical Applicationsa. Provide examples of industries where electrical automation systems are commonly used.b. Describe a real-world automation project and the challenges faced during its implementation.c. Explain how advancements in IoT (Internet of Things) are influencing the field of electrical automation.8. ConclusionIn conclusion, this question bank serves as a valuable resource for students preparing for the 2024 High Vocational College Admission Skill Test in the Electrical Automation major. By familiarizing themselves with the topics covered in this document, students can enhance their knowledge and improve their chances of success in the exam.Good luck with your preparations!。

自动专业英语(仅供复习)

UNIT5 A 直流电机分类现在可以买到的直流电机基本上有四种：⑴永磁直流电机，⑵串励直流电机，⑶并励直流电机，⑷复励直流电机。

每种类型的电动机由于其基本电路和物理特性的不同而具有不同的机械特性。

永磁直流电机永磁直流电机，如图1-5A-1所示，是用与直流发电机同样的方法建造的。

永磁直流电机用于低转矩场合。

当使用这种电机时，直流电源与电枢导体通过电刷/换向器装置直接连接。

磁场由安装在定子上的永磁磁铁产生。

永磁磁铁电机的转子是绕线式电枢。

这种电机通常使用铝镍钴永磁合金或陶瓷永磁磁铁而不是励磁线圈。

铝镍钴永磁合金用于大功率电机。

陶瓷永磁磁铁通常用于小功率、低速电机。

陶瓷永磁磁铁抗退磁性能高，但它产生的磁通量较低。

磁铁通常安装在电机外壳里边，在安装电枢前将其磁化。

永磁电机相对于常规直流电机有几个优点。

优点之一是减少了运行损耗。

永磁电机的转速特性类似于并励式直流电机的转速特性。

永磁电机的旋转方向可通过将电源线反接来实现。

串励式直流电动机直流电机电枢和激磁电路的连接方式确定了直流电机的基本特性。

每一种直流电机的结构与其对应的直流发电机的结构类似。

大部分情况下，二者的唯一区别在于发电机常作为电压源，而电动机常作为机械能转换装置。

串励式直流电动机，如图1-5A-2所示，电枢和激磁电路串联连接。

仅有一个通路供电流从直流电压源流出。

因此，激磁绕组匝数相对少、导线直径大，以使激磁绕组阻抗低。

电机轴上负载的变化引起通过激磁绕组电流的变化。

如果机械负载增加，电流也增加。

增加的电流建立了更强的磁场。

当负载从零增加到很大时，串励式电机的转速从很高变化到很低。

由于大电流可以流过低阻抗的激磁绕组，串励式电动机产生一个高转矩输出。

串励式电动机用于启动重负载，而速度调节并不重要的场合。

一个典型应用是车辆启动电机。

并励式直流电动机并励式直流电动机是最常用的一种直流电机。

如图1-5A-3所示，并励式直流电动机的激磁绕组与电枢绕组并联连接。

专业英语练习卷 A(答案)

《专业英语(自动化)》复习卷A卷一．Put the following words and phrases into English or chinese. (20*1=20)1．电路circuit 2．控制系统Control system 3．元件component 4．电压voltage 5．电流current 6．欧姆定律Ohm’s Low 7．开关switch 8．指针needle 9．螺丝刀Scrow driver 10．引脚pin 11．Strip条纹12．Intergrated circuit集成电路13．chip晶片14．sensor传感器15．maintenance维护16．actuator执行器17．joint关节18．servomotor伺服电机19．telerobot遥控机器人20．gripper夹爪二．C hoose one word from the word list below to fill in the blank in each of thefollowing sentences. (20*1=20)1)Digital 2)analog, 3)positive 4)common 5)a function switch 6)a range switch 7)extended ranges of voltage 8)dc and ac9)current 10) resistanceA multimeter is a general-purpose meter capable of measuring 8 voltage,9 , 10 , and in some cases, decibels. There are two types of meters: 2 using a standard meter movement with a needle (see Fig 3.1(a)), and , with an 1 electronic numerical display (see Fig 3.1(b)).Both types of meters have a 3 (+) jack and a 4 jack (-) for the test leads， 5 to select dc voltage, ac voltage, dc current, ac current, or ohms and 6 for accurate readings. The meters may also have other jacks to measure 7 (1 to 5 kV) and current (up to 10A) there are some variations to the functions used for specific meters.1)Resistance 2)placed across (in parallel) 3)be removed4)in series with 5)mechanical adjust 6)automatic indicator5)properly 8) test leads 9)correct 10)be openedBesides the function and range switches (sometimes they are in a single switch.) The analog meter may have a polarity switch to facilitate reversing the test leads. The needle usually has a screw for 5 to set it to zero and also a zero adjust control to compensate for weakening batteries when measuring 1 . An analog meter can read positive and negative voltage by simply reversing the 8 or moving the polarity switch. A digital meter usually has an 6 for polarity on its display.Meters must be 7connected to a circuit to ensure a 9 reading. A voltmeter is always 2 the circuit or component to be measured. When measuring current, the circuit must 10 and the meter inserted 4 the circuit or component to be measured. When measuring the resistance of a component in a circuit, the voltage to the circuit must 3 and the meter placed in parallel with the component.三.Read the following passage and answer the questions.（5*8=40）RobotsRobots produce mechanical motion that,in most cases,results in manipulation or locomotion.For example,industrial robots manipulate parts or tools to perform manufacturing tasks such as material handing,welding,spray painting,or assembly;automated guided vehicles are used for transporting materials in factories and warehouses.Telerobots provide astronauts with large mainipulators for remotely performing spacecraft maintenance.Robots perform repetitive,high-precision operations 24 hours a day without fatigue.Robots on this automobile assembly line weld body parts together.The General Motors corporation uses about 16,000 robots to weld,assemble,and paint automobiles.Walking robots explore active volcanoes.Mechanical characteristics for robots include degrees of freedom of movement,size and shape of the operatingspace,stiffness and strength of the structure ,lifting capacity,velocity ,and acceleration under load.Performance measures include repeatability and accuracy of positioning,speed,and freedom from vibration.A robot is made up of sensors,actuators,and computatlonal elements(a microprocessor).Actuators for moving joints of a robot are usually electric servomotors.In the past ,larger robots were built with hydraulic actuation due to their high payload capacity and ability to work in explosion-prone environments.In the 1990s,there was a trend by the major manufacturers to use electric actuators in most of their industrial robots.A robot is an automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose, manipulating machine with several reprogrammable axes, which may be either fixed in place or mobile for use in industrial automation applications.The key words are reprogrammable and multipurpose because most single-purpose machines do not meet these two requirements. The term “reprogrammable” implies two things: The robot operates according to a written program, and this program can be rewritten to accommodate a variety of manufacturing tasks. The term “multipurpose” means that the robot can perform many different functions, depending on the program and tooling currently in use.Over the past two decades, the robot has been introduced into industry to perform many monotonous and often unsafe operations. Because robots can perform certain basic tasks more quickly and accurately than humans, they are being increasingly used in various manufacturing industries.1.What industrial robots can do for people?Industrial robots manipulate parts or tools to perform manufacturing tasks such as material handing,welding,spray painting,or assembly;automated guided vehicles are used for transporting materials in factories and warehouses.2.What are the advantages of robots?igue.Robots perform repetitive,high-precision operations 24 hours a day without fat3. What parts are made up of the robot?A robot is made up of sensors,actuators,and computatlonal elements(a microprocessor).4．What does t he term “reprogrammable” impl y?The term “reprogrammable”implies two things: The robot operates according to a written program, and this program can be rewritten to accommodate a variety of manufacturing tasks.5.Why are robots widely used over the past two decades?Because robots can perform certain basic tasks more quickly and accurately than humans, they are being increasingly used in various manufacturing industries.四.Read the following passage and t ranslate the underlined phrases and sentences into Chinese.（5*4=20）Classification of Robots1.Industrial robots vary widely in size, shape, number of axes, degrees of freedom, and design configuration. Each factor influences the dimensions of the robot’s working envelope or the volume of space within which it can move and perform its designated task. A broader classification of robots can been described as below.Fixed-and Variable-Sequence Robots. The fixed-sequence robot (also called a pick-and place robot) is programmed for a specific sequence of operations. Its movements are from point to point, and the cycle is repeated continuously. 2.The variable-sequence robot can be programmed for a specific sequence of operations but can be reprogrammed to perform another sequence of operation.3.Playback Robot. An operator leads or walks the playback robot and its end effector through the desired path. The robot memorizes and records the path and sequence of motions and can repeat them continually without any further action or guidance by the operator.Numerically Controlled Robot. 4.The numerically controlled robot is programmed and operated much like a numerically controlled machine. The robot is servo-controlled by digital data, and its sequence of movements can be changed with relative ease.5.Intelligent Robot. The intelligent robot is capable of performing some of the functions and tasks carried out by human beings. It is equipped with a variety of sensors with visual and tactile capabilities.1. 工业机器人在尺寸、形状、轴的数量、自由度、设计构型等方面广泛的变化。

15544+自动化专业英语(习题参考解答)

自动化专业英语姜书艳主编张昌华徐心皓何芳编著习题参考解答Unit 1A. Basic laws of Electrical Networks[EX.1] Comprehension1. KCL:The algebraic sum of the currents entering any node is zero.KVL:The algebraic sum of the voltage around any closed path is zero.2. Node: A point at which two or more elements have a common connection is calleda node.Branches: a single path in a network composed of one simple element and the node at each end of that element.Path: If no node was encountered more than once, then the set of nodes and elements that we have passed through is defined as a path.Loop: If the node at which we started is the same as the node on which we ended, then the path is, by definition, a closed path or a loop. a path is a particular collection of branches.3. 4, 5, We can form a path but not a loop.4. v R2=32V, V x=6V[EX.2] Translation from English to Chinese1. 如果定义具有最大连接支路数的节点为参考节点，那么得到的方程相对来说比较简单。

自动化专业英语复习

专业英语复习（Z10101）题型：1、单词英汉互译（24*1）2、选择题（8*2）3、课文段落翻译（8*6）4、综合题（1*12）：a、摘要；b、通知；c、面试对话；d、产品说明书；e、简历一、翻译（8*6）1、纯电感电压由法拉第定律定义，法拉第定律指出：电感两端的电压正比于流过电感的电流随时间的变化率。

因此可得到：U=Ldi/dt式中di/dt=电流变化率，安培/秒；L=感应系数，享利。

2、三相电压的产生三相电路可由三个频率相同在时间相位上相差120°电角度的电动势供电。

3、运算放大器像广义放大器这样的电子器件存在的一个问题就是它们的增益AU或AI取决于双端口系统(m、b、RI、Ro等)的内部特性。

器件之间参数的分散性和温度漂移给设计工作增加了难度。

4、但是，它们的缺点是在电力系统中产生谐波，对其他用户产生供电质量问题。

此外，晶闸管变换器给电力系统提供了一个滞后的低功率因数负载。

二极管整流器是最简单、可能也是最重要的电力电子电路。

5、逆变器是从一侧接受直流电压，在另一侧将其转换成交流电压的装置。

根据应用情况，交流电压和频率可以是可变的或常数。

逆变器可分成电压源型和电流源型两种。

6、永磁电机相对于常规直流电机有几个优点。

优点之一是减少了运行损耗。

永磁电机的转速特性类似于并励式直流电机的转速特性。

永磁电机的旋转方向可通过将电源线反接来实现。

7、ωm*为速度参考值。

正比于电机速度的信号可从速度传感器获得。

速度传感器的输出滤除交流波，并与速度参考值比较，速度误差被速度控制器处理，速度控制器的输出uc调整整流器的触发角α，以使实际的速度接近于参考速度。

8、闭环速度控制的另一种示意图如图1-5B-2所示。

在外环速度回路中采用内环电流控制回路。

速度控制器的输出ec用于电流控制器，为内环电流控制回路设置电流参考值Ia*。

9、对绕线式转子电机而言，转子绕组与定子绕组类似，但鼠笼式电机的转子具有鼠笼状结构，并且有两个短路环。

自动化专业英语复习资料

element n、元件，成分node n、节点branch n、分支loop n、回路resistor n、电阻器impedance n、阻抗analog n、模拟digital adj、数字的pulse n、脉冲interface n、接触面，界面decoder n、解码器transformer n、变压器single-phase 单相pulsate vi、脉动three-phase power三相电源three-phase circuit 三相电路wye connection 星形连接delta connection 三角形连接phase voltage 相电压line voltage 线电压voltmeter n、电压表ammeter n、电流表clamp-on ammeter钳式安培表solid-state adj、固态的valve n、真空管，活栓semiconductor n、半导体switching n、开关diode n、二极管inverter n、反向换流器(逆变器) thyristor n、硅可控整流器inverter thyristor 晶闸管逆变器transistor n、晶体管substantial adj、牢固的fluorescent lamp ballast 荧光灯镇流器HVDC transmission system 高压直流输电系统induction motor 感应电动机rectifier n、整流器thyratron n、闸流管ignitron n、引燃管，放电管cycloconverter n、循环变流器spectrum n、光谱wafer n、圆片，晶片chopper n、斩波器polarity n、极性silicon-controlled rectifiers (SCR) n、可控硅整流器gate turn-off thyristors (GTO) n、门极可关断晶闸管MOS Controlled Thyristor (MCT) n、MOS控制晶闸管insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) n、绝缘栅双极型晶体管bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) n、双极结型晶体管（三极管）field-effect transistors (FETs) n、场效应管forward-bias 正向偏置reverse-biased 反向偏置silicon-controlled 可控硅metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor(MOSFET) n、金属氧化层半导体场效应晶体管generator n、发电机electro-mechanical 机电electromagnetic adj、电磁的integral adj、积分的commutator n、换向器turbine n、涡轮机，汽轮机vibrating n、振荡oscillating v、振荡hydraulic adj、水力的cylinder n、汽缸power electronics 电力电子rating ranging额定范围capacitor n、电容器inductor n、感应器armature n、电枢reactance n、电抗resistance n、电阻transient adj、瞬时的，短暂的instantaneous adj、瞬间的electromotive force (emf) 电动势rheostat n、可变电阻器squirrel-cage n、鼠笼式adapter n、适配器brushless n、无刷out-of-synchronous adj、不同步的，失步的substation n、变电站circuit breaker 断路器compensator n、补偿器，自耦变压器busbar n、母线load frequency control 负荷频率控制optimal power flow 潮(电)流优化switchgear n、开关设备current rating额定电流voltage class电压等级solenoid n.螺线管auto-reclosing 自动重合闸(装置) glow-discharge n、辉光放电varistor n、压敏电阻，变阻器furnace n、燃烧室pulverizer n.粉煤机boiler n、蒸发器electrostatic adj、静电的electrostatic precipitator 电除尘coal hopper 煤斗burner 燃烧器cooling tower冷却塔feed water pump给水泵heater exchanger 热交换器condenser n、冷凝器turbogenerator n、涡轮发电机single-stage turbine 单级汽轮机multi-stage turbine 多级汽轮机superheater n、过热器high-pressure turbine 高压汽轮机reheater n、再热器intermediate-pressure turbine 中压汽轮机low-pressure turbine 低压汽轮机acid rain 酸雨greenhouse effect 温室效应electromagnet n、电磁体stator n.定子baseload n、基本负载photovoltaic adj、光电的battery back-up system 电池备份系统performance characteristics 运行特性physical property 物理特性manipulated variable 操纵变量feedback n、反馈comparator n、比较器disturbance n、扰动actuate v、开动flipping n、翻转luminous flux 光通量lumens n、流明variable n、变量accelerator depression 对加速的抑制accelerator pedal加速踏板carburetor butterfly valve化油器阀门light bulb 灯泡relay n、继电器photocell n、光电池follow-up system 随动系统external intervention 外部干预interdependent elements 相互依存的元件stimuli n、激励thermostat control 恒温控制cowl flap 整流罩flyball-governed 离心式调速器restraining spring 限制弹簧differential equation 微分方程independent variable 独立变量Laplace transform 拉普拉斯变换ratio n、比率initial condition 初始条件super-position 叠加性open-circuit 开路s-domain s域dynamic response 动态响应transient response 瞬态响应steady-state response 稳态响应angular position 角位置finite steady-state error 有限稳态误差servomechanism n、伺服机构process control 过程控制proportional term 比例项proportional gain 比例增益tuning parameter 整定参数instantaneous time 瞬时时间integral term 积分项accumulated offset 累计偏移量derivative term 微分项slope n、斜率fuzzy logic 模糊逻辑fuzzifier module 模糊逻辑块fuzzy inference engine 模糊推理机defuzzifier module 去模糊器模块microcontroller n、微控制器microprocessor n、微处理器integrated circuit 集成电路programmable logic controller程序控制逻辑器sensor n、传感器detector n.探测器,检波器elevator n.电梯sensitivity n.灵敏性offset n.偏移量bode n.伯德图lag n.滞后threshold n.阈值thermistor n、电热调节器thermocouple n.热电偶coil n、线圈bobbin n、线轴substrate n、基底linearity n、线性strain n、应变gauge v、测量insulating adj、绝缘的Wheatstone bridge 惠斯登电桥transmitter n、传导物，发报机sender n、寄件人，发报机indicator n、指示器piezometer n、压力计，压强计manometer n、压力计bourdon tube n、波尔登压力计deflection n、偏差dielectric n、电介质，绝缘体piezoresistance n、压电电阻tiltmeter n、测量地面倾斜角度之仪器oscillator n、振荡器crosstalk 串扰，交调失真air gap 空气隙cross-sectional area 横截面积reluctance n、磁阻armature n、电枢rectification n、校正，整流demodulation n、解调，检波filtering n、过滤variable-reluctance tacho generator n、可变磁阻测速发电机inductance n、感应系数waveform n、波形Ⅱ。

电气工程及其自动化专业英语课后练习题含答案

电气工程及其自动化专业英语课后练习题含答案Chapter 1: Introduction to Electrical EngineeringExercise 1.11.What is electrical engineering?2.List some common applications of electrical engineering. some famous electrical engineers.Answers:1.Electrical engineering is a field of engineering that dealswith the study and application of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism.mon applications of electrical engineering include powergeneration, transportation systems, communication systems,lighting systems, and control systems.3.Some famous electrical engineers include Nikola Tesla,Thomas Edison, Michael Faraday, James Clerk Maxwell, and Samuel Morse.Exercise 1.21.What is the difference between DC and AC?2.What is the purpose of a transformer? some common electrical units.Answers:1.DC (direct current) is the flow of electric charge in asingle direction, whereas AC (alternating current) is the flow of electric charge that reverses direction periodically.2.The purpose of a transformer is to transfer electricalenergy from one circuit to another by means of electromagnetic induction.mon electrical units include voltage (volts), current(amps), resistance (ohms), power (watts), capacitance (farads), and inductance (henries).Chapter 2: Circuit AnalysisExercise 2.11.W hat is Kirchhoff’s current law?2.What is Kirchhoff’s voltage law? some common circuit elements.Answers:1.Kirchhoff’s current law states that the total currententering a junction must equal the total current leaving thejunction.2.Kirchhoff’s voltage la w states that the total voltagearound a closed loop must equal zero.mon circuit elements include resistors, capacitors,inductors, diodes, transistors, and operational amplifiers.Exercise 2.21.What is the difference between an open circuit and a shortcircuit?2.What is a series circuit?3.What is a parallel circuit?Answers:1.An open circuit is a circuit that is not complete and doesnot allow the flow of current, whereas a short circuit is acircuit that has a very low resistance and allows the flow ofcurrent to bypass the normal path.2.A series circuit is a circuit in which the components areconnected end to end so that the same current flows through each component.3.A parallel circuit is a circuit in which the components areconnected in parallel so that the voltage across each component is the same and the total current is divided among the components. Chapter 3: ElectromagnetismExercise 3.11.What is an electromagnetic wave?2.What is Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction?3.What is Lenz’s law?Answers:1.An electromagnetic wave is a wave that is composed ofelectric and magnetic fields that are oscillating at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation.2.Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction states that achanging magnetic field induces an electromotive force (EMF) in a conductor that is proportional to the rate of change of themagnetic field.3.Lenz’s law states that the direction of the induced EMF issuch that it opposes the change that produced it.Exercise 3.21.What is a solenoid?2.What is the Lorentz force law?3.What is magnetic hysteresis?Answers:1.A solenoid is a coil of wire that is used to create amagnetic field when an electric current is passed through it.2.The Lorentz force law states that a charged particle that ismoving through a magnetic field experiences a force that isperpendicular to both the direction of motion and the direction of the magnetic field.3.Magnetic hysteresis is the tendency of a magnetic materialto remn magnetized even after the external magnetic field isremoved.ConclusionIn conclusion, electrical engineering is a fascinating field that involves the study and application of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. It is used in many common applications, such as power generation, transportation systems, and communication systems. To besuccessful in this field, it is important to have a good understanding of circuit analysis, electromagnetism, and other key concepts. These exercises should help to reinforce your understanding of the material and prepare you for future challenges in this field.。

电气工程及其自动化-自动化-专业英语重点-考试题

四川理工的学弟学妹们，特别是自电学院的兄弟伙们，专业英语难过啊，是否需要这个呢？我的淘宝店铺：信诚悦购包你80分电气自动化、自动化专业英语课堂笔记一．短语互译（10个，每个2分，共20分）1、DC/AC：direct/alternating current.(直流/交流)2、a good rule of thumb.（根据经验）3、step-up/step-down transformer(升压/降压变压器）autotransformer(自耦变压器)4、gate-turn-off thyristor [θai'ristə](门极可关断晶闸管）5、silicon-controlled rectifier(可控硅整流器）6、forward voltage drop(正向压降)7、reverse breakdown voltage(反向击穿电压）8、reverse leakage current（反向漏电流）9、peak reverse voltage（反向峰值电压）10、forced commutation(强制换流）11、three-phase ac squirrel cage induction motor（三相交流鼠笼式感应电机）12、AM/FM :amplitude/frequency modulation(调幅/调频)13、active/passive filter（有源/无源滤波器）14、bistable circuit(双稳电路)15、flip-flop（触发器）16、emf：electromotive [i,lektrəu'məutiv] force(电动势)17、magnetic flux（磁通）18、magnetizing current（磁化电流/励磁电流）19、general-purpose relay（通用继电器）20、solid-state relay(固态继电器)21、time constant（时间常数）22、ADC：analog-to-digital conversion （模数转换器）二、汉译英（5-6个，共30分，2个课外）1、通过互联网进行商业交易，其便利性和速度是推动电子商品快速发展的主要因素。

电气工程及其自动化专业英语复习

1、目前，煤仍然就是凝汽式电厂最长用得能源。

At present coal is the most common food of a steam power plant、2、为防止人畜触电，高压电一般采用架空线输送。

High voltage current is usually carried by overhead wire system so as to prevent living things being electrocuted、3、这座由电子计算机控制得核电站将向全市供电。

This nuclear power plant which is computer-controlled will serve the entire city、4、电学与电子学实际上就是唯一难以分开得，二者相互渗透，相互联系。

Electricity and electronics are really indivisible, each forming part of the other、5、元件技术中起主要作用得就是半导体元件。

The major contributors in component technology have been in the sosemiconductor components、6、电压，电流与电阻这三个因素就是相互关联得。

The factors, voltage, current and resistance , are related to each other 、7、电动机与发电机就就是以磁与电这二者之间得关系为基础得Based upon the relationship between magnetism and electricity are motors and generators8，随着电气工程学得发展，电力能被输送到非常遥远得地方去。

With the development of electrical engineering , power can be transmitted over long distance、9每时每刻，能量都在由一种形式变成另一种形式。