主谓一致
高一语法：主谓一致
汉语很难学。
Chinese are very hospitable.
中国人非常好客。
三、谓语动词用单复数均可
3.以-ics 结尾的词作主语时，表示学科时，谓语动 词用单数形式；表示特定事物时，谓语动词用复 数形式。 例如： Statistics is a branch of mathematics.
雅典是希腊的首都。
Good news comes.
好消息来了。
一、谓语动词用单数
8.单个的不定式短语，动名词或名词性从句做主语时，谓 语动词用单数形式。 例如： To see is to believe.
眼见为实。
Reading is important in second language acquisition.
我校有一百多名学生来自南方。
一、谓语动词用单数
5.由each …and each…，every…and every…,many a …and many a …,no…and no…做主语时，谓语动 词用单数形式。 例如： Every boy and every girl was asked to show their identity card.
老年人受到年轻人的尊敬。
The accused is involved in a case.
被告涉嫌了这起案件。
三、谓语动词用单复数均可
5.用and连接的两个名词作主语，表示同一个人或 事物时，谓语动词用单数；表示不同的人或事物 时，谓语动词用复数形式。 例如： The singer and dancer is from Dunhuang.
李明是从那个大学毕业的最聪明的学生。
四、主谓一致的特殊结构
5.主语后带有as well as、along with、together with、 rather than、but、except等引起的介词短语时，谓语动 词的单复数和主语的单复数相一致。 例如： A doctor together with two nurses , has been sent to that poor village to help sick people.
主谓一致的讲解最全面的主谓一致的讲解
主谓一致的讲解一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致1.由and 连接主语时And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students.Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold.小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子Both rice and wheat are grown in this area.2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。
The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.那位教授兼作家正在会上发言A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor.一位新闻记者兼作家His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe.他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet.总理兼外长比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school.the writer and educator has visited our school.His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可A boy and girl are playing tennis.3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour.Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistakeNo boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie.4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up.法规制定The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好War and peace is a constant theme in history战争与和平是历史永恒的主题注意;常被视为主体的结构A cup and saucer 一副杯碟A horse and cart 马车A knife and fork 一副刀叉A law and rule 法规A needle and thread 一套针线Fish and chips 炸鱼加炸薯条The stars and stripes 星条旗2.由(either)…or 或neither…nor 等连接的主语时由 either…or, neither…nor, or, not only…but(also)…连接主语时，谓语动词陈述句中就近原则Either you or Jane is to be sent to New York.要么你要么简被派往纽约Neither you nor he has finished the experiment.Neither the teacher nor the students like this piece of music. 都不喜欢这首曲子Not only the old farmer but also his family were friendly to me.Not only his friends but also he himself is looking forward to taking part in the party.3.主语由肯定否定两部分构成谓语跟肯定部分走Not you but I am to answer the questionI, not you, am to answer the question.二、单一主语的主谓一致1.名词本身自带s作主语时1）学科名词: physics 物理 mathematics/maths 数学 economics 经济学 politics政治学新闻; news体操：GymnasticsAs we know, Physics is a fundamental subject in science.物理是自然科学中的一门基础学科Mathematics is a required course for middle school students.数学是中学生的一门必修课Einstein once said ,“Politics is much more difficult than physics.”注意：当mathematics 表示运算时谓语动词用单数复数都可If my mathematics is/are right, the answer is 56.如果我的运算正确，答案就是56 The television news is at 7 o’clock in the evening every dayGymnastics is my sister’s favourite sport2)有些名词单复数同行根据是单数概念还是复数概念判断谓语 means方式方法 aircraft 飞机works 工厂 crossroads十字路口 deer 鹿 sheep 羊 fish 鱼This works was build in 1982 这座工厂是By far, three steelworks have been closed down in this cityThis means of transport has been triedAll possible means have been tried3）由两部分组成的物体名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数chopsticks筷子 compasses 圆规glasses眼镜 gloves手套Jeans牛仔裤 pants裤子scissors剪子 shoes鞋子shorts短裤 socks短袜trousers裤子My trousers are white and his clothes are black.我的裤子是白色的他的衣服是黑色的Why are your shoes so dirty?注意;如果这些词由单位词（a pair of , a suit of , a piece of , a kind of 等）修饰时，单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer.These kinds of glasses are popular this summer.4)表示国家、人名、书名、组织机构等的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数The united States is a developed countryThe New York Times is widely read in the world.5)以-s 结尾的群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等专有名词谓语动词用复数The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plants.植物种类繁多The Niagara Falls are splendid waterfalls.6)以-S结尾的名词作主语时谓语动词用复数belongings财产 clothes衣服 plasticsearnings收入 goods货物leavings剩余 savings储存All the goods are very expensive.2.集体名词作主语时1）mankind, humanity, man 作主语时，谓语一般用单数Only man knows how to cook. 只有人懂得烹饪【注】mankind 表示“人(类)”有时表示复数意义,尤其是其表语是复数时：Mankind are intelligent animals. 人是理智的动物.2）people, police, cattle, youth等作主语时，只有单数形式, 但却表示复数意义谓语动词用复数The police are investigating the riot. 正在调查暴乱事件The cattle are grazing the the field 正在牧场吃草Many cattle were killed for this. 就因为这个原因宰了不少牲畜【注】people作民族讲时有复数形式.如： There are 56 peoples in China3）family, crowd 等作主语时，根据概念确定谓语动词这类集体名词有：Army， assembly议会集会 audience band class club committee company congress议会youth crew 全体工作人员 crowd enemy family gang团伙government group herd牧群 jury population public team强调整体用单数谓语强调个体用复数谓语The family is going to move to New YorkThe family have different opinions about their going abroadThe football club committee arranges all the matchesThe football club committee have decided to dismiss him.比较：A family , a group , a class 做主语时用单数谓语Families, groups, classes 作主语时用复数谓语A group is coming to the zoo.一队人正朝着动物园走来4）baggage / luggage(行李), clothing(衣服), furniture(家具), machinery(机器), poetry(诗), scenery(风景), jewelry(珠宝), equipment(设备)等,是不可数名词,只用单数形式,不用不定冠词(当然更不能用数词)Our clothing protects us from [against] the cold. 我们的衣服可以御寒.Have you checked all your baggage? 你所有行李都托运了吗?【注】machinery, poetry, jewelry, scenery等相应的个体可数名词是 machine, poem, jewel, scene等.如：a poem / a piece of poetry(一首诗),many machines / much machinery / many pieces of machinery(许多机器).5）hair的用法hair(头发,毛发)指全部头发或毛发时,为集合名词(不可数)；指几根头发或毛发时,为个体名词(可数)：My hair has grown very long. 我的头发已长得很长了.The police found two hairs there. 警察在那儿找到了两根头发.6）fruit的用法fruit(水果)作为集合名词,它通常是不可数的：He doesn’t eat much fruit. 他不大吃水果.He is growing fruit in the country. 他在乡下种水果.但是,当要表示种类时,它可视为可数名词,即a fruit 指一种水果,fruits 指多种水果.比较：Some fruits have thick skins. 有些水果皮很厚.3.非谓语动词或从句作主语时1）非谓语动词或从句作主语时谓语动词用单数To improve agricultural land needs a lot of money.改善耕地质量需要投入大量的资金To see is to believeSwimming is a good way to keep healthHow they will solve the problem remains to be seenWhether she will come is not known2)多个非谓语动词作主语，表达一个概念谓语用单数，表达不同概念谓语用复数Going to be early and getting up early is good for your health.早睡早起一个概念Reading books and playing table tennis are my great pleasure.读书和打乒乓球Listening, speaking, reading and writing are all important.To be strict with oneself and to be kind to others are good qualities of a person三、其他情况的主谓一致1.表示距离、时间、长度、金额、质量等的复数名词作主语时常被看作是整体谓语动词用单数这类复数名词有：miles, dollars, pounds, kilograms公斤千克, kilometres公里, centimetres,厘米 millimetres毫米, seconds, hours, years等Five dollars seems a fair price 是一个公道的价格Two kilometres is not very far for the young manFive hours is a short time for such a difficult job2.如果强调数目谓语动词用复数One hundred cents make a dollarMore than twenty years have passed since they got married.3.算数中的谓语动词一般用单数形式，有时也用复数Five times eight is/are fortyFour and eight makes/make twelveSixty minus seven leaves fifty-threeForty-eight divided by six is eight4.复合不定代词作主语时谓语动词用单数Everyone something anybody nowhereEveryone in the class was surprised at the newsListen! Someone is knocking at the door.Is anyone going to tell him the news?5.each one of…, every one of …, anyone of…, one of…, 等作主语时谓语用单数Each of the girl in our class has a balloon 我们班每个女孩都有一个气球Each of the students was asked to speak for three minutes.Every one of them is familiar to me. 我对他们都很熟悉6.each , every 作形容词修饰主语时谓语动词用单数但是each 作复数主语的同位语时谓语用复数Each/Every boy in our class has a skateboard一副滑板They each have a stateboardEach/Every student has an English-Chinese dictionaryThe students each have an English-Chinese dictionary7.none of + 不可数名词谓语用单数none of,neither of, + 可数名词复数/复数代词 + 谓语动词单数复数都可either of ,None of that money in the desk is his 不可数名词None of his classmates knows the truth.= None of his classmates know the truth Neither of the statements is true = Neither of the statements are true 两种说法没有一个真实Either of the qualifications is acceptable = Either of the qualifications are acceptable8.neither 与 either 做形容词修饰单数名词时谓语动词用单数Either qualification is acceptable两种资格中的任何一种都可以接受Neither qualification is acceptable9.分数百分数+ of + 名词，some of , plenty of, a lot of, lots of, most of, the rest of, all(of), half(of) 谓语常与of 后面的名词一致分数/百分数 + of + 复数名词/ 复数代词谓语动词用复数分数/百分数 + of + 单数名词/单数代词谓语动词用单数不可数名词Two thirds of the students support the plan复数名词One tenth of them are suffering from this kind of illness.复数代词Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea单数名词Eighty percent of the employees in the company are from Beijing百分数复数名词Thirty percent of its area is flooded each year.百分数单数名词The rest of the money belongs to youThe rest of the students speak for it.Half of the apple is rottenHalf of the apples are rotten10.more(…) than one…结构作主语时More(…)than one…+ 单数名词谓语用单数More + 复数名词 + than one 谓语用复数More than two + 复数名词谓语用复数More than one white rose has bloomed in the gardenMore white roses than one have bloomed in the gardenMore than two white roses have bloomed 两个以上的的白玫瑰开了11.a number of + 复数名词谓语用复数许多的The number of + 名词谓语动词用单数…的数量A number of trees are green in AprilA great number of tourists have been to the Great WallA large number of worker were out of work because the factory was destroyed in flood.The number of students in the computer class is limited to ten.The number of workers who were out of work was 1,000.12.there/here…引导句子时就近原则There are some chairs and a table in the roomThere is a table and some chairs in the roomHere are some gifts for youHere is a book, a pen and some paper for you.13.当主语后接修饰语时With, along with, together with, but, besides, except, like, including, in addition to, as well as, rather than, 谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift被作为礼物送给了这个国家The teacher, along with her students, is going to attend the lecture 听报告A peasant, together with some soldiers, is about to help us.All but one have arrived here.除了一个人外所有人都到了No one except two students was late for class.再没有其他人上课迟到The garage, in addition to the house, was burned.She as well as the other girls is going to another supermarked.You as well as I are wrong.The father, rather than the brother, is responsible.父亲而不是兄弟们应当负责14.The+ 形容词做主语时表示一类人用复数谓语表示抽象概念用单数谓语The injured were carried away on stretchers.用担架抬走了The old are more likely to catch cold than the youngThe rich are for the decision but the poor are against it.The young are always full of vitality充满了活力The unknown is always something to be feared 未知的东西总是令人害怕The beautiful is not always the good, and the good is not always the true.美未必是善善未必是真The true is to be distinguished from the false真应与假相区别The good is what people like 人们总是喜欢美好的东西In many stories, the good are well rewarded and the bad are punished.好人有好报坏人有怀抱15.all做主语时指一切表示单数概念用单数谓语，指具体人或物用复数谓语All has been tried一切都试过了All were silent 大家都一言不发All was silent 万籁俱寂All are here now 大家都在16.由 a kind of, this kind of, many kinds of, 名词+of this kind, a type of asort of 谓语动词根据of 后面的名词来定A new type of machine is on show now. 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(完整版)英语语法主谓一致
主一致1.主一致是指英中在人称、数及意方面要与作主的名或代一致。
2.主一致分法一致、意一致、就近一致。
（1）法一致原：主和在法形式上保持一致。
主数，用数；主复数，用复数。
I often help him and he often helps me.（2）意一致原：主和在意上复数一致。
主数，用数；主复数，用复数。
The police are searching the woods for the murderer.（3）就近素来原：当主有两个或两个以上，由凑近它的主确定。
并列主的一致1.And（1）两个数名用and 接，表示不同样看法，用复数。
Tom and Jack are close friends.（2）两个数名用 and 接，表示同一歌人、同一个物，同一个看法，或表示不可以切割的整体，用数。
The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party.（3）被 every， each， many a， no 等限制的数名由 and 接，仍用数，其中，后一个限制可以省略。
every ⋯⋯ and ⋯⋯ every，each⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ each，no⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ no, many a⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ manya。
Each boy and (each) girl has an apple.（4）一个数名被几个用 and 接的并列形容修，可以指一件事或几件事，种名作主，要依照意一致的原决定复数。
（5）由 and 接的两个what 的从句作主，要依照意一致的原决定复数What he says and does do not agree.（言不衷心致）What he says and does does not concern me.2.由 either or, neither nor, not but, not only but also,or, nor接的并列主，常和近的主一致。
主谓一致
主谓一致主谓一致是指两个语法成分，即主语和谓语，之间的协调成分。
在英语中，主谓一致主要是指用作主语的名词或代词和用作谓语的动词在人称、数、性格等方面的一致。
通常遵循三个原则，即就近原则和语法原则。
1.就近原则谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语（主要指名词或代词）的单、复数形式，这种一致关系所依据的原则叫做“就近原则”。
（1）在“名（代）词+or+名（代）词”结构后的动词一般应与or后的名（代）词一致。
He or his brothers were to blame .应该怪他或他的兄弟们。
You or Mary is going to meet them at the station this afternoon .今天下午你或玛丽将到火车站接他们。
（2）“either+名（代）词+or +名（代）词”结构后的动词一般应与or后的名（代）词一致。
Either the shirts or the sweater is a good buy这些衬衣，或者这件毛衣，买了是会合算的。
Either dye or oil paints are used to colour cloth .给布料上色要么用染料，要么用油漆。
(3)“not only +名（代）词+but (also)+名（代）词”结构后的动词一般应与but(also)后的名（代）词一致。
Not only the students but also their teacher is enjooying the film.不仅学生们在欣赏这部电影，他们的老师也在欣赏这部电影。
Not only our society but also the people in it have changed .不仅是他父母，而且他本人都想团聚在一起。
（4）“neither +名（代）词+nor +名（代）词”结构后的动词一般应与nor 后的名（代）词一致。
主谓一致的原则
主谓一致的原则主谓一致是英语语法中的基本原则之一，指的是主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。
主谓一致的正确运用能够使句子表达更加准确，符合语言规范。
本文将详细介绍主谓一致的原则，并通过一些例子来加深理解。
一、基本原则在英语句子中，主语和谓语之间必须保持一致，具体包括以下几个方面：1. 人称一致：主语是第一人称（I、we）、第二人称（you）或第三人称（he、she、it、they）时，谓语动词的形式必须与之一致。
例如：- I am a student.（我是一名学生。
）- He sings beautifully.（他唱得很美。
）2. 数一致：主语是单数形式时，谓语动词的形式也要用单数；主语是复数形式时，谓语动词的形式也要用复数。
例如：- The dog barks loudly.（这只狗叫得很大声。
）- The birds are chirping.（鸟儿正在鸣叫。
）3. 特殊情况：有些特殊情况下，主谓一致的原则会有一些变化。
例如：- 不定代词：somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody等当作主语时，谓语动词形式使用第三人称单数形式。
例如：Nobody wants to go with me.（没有人想和我一起去。
）- 连接词：and连接的主语，如果表示同一个人或物时，谓语动词的形式使用第三人称单数形式；如果表示不同的人或物时，谓语动词的形式使用第三人称复数形式。
例如：Tom and Jerry is a famous cartoon.（汤姆和杰瑞是一部著名的卡通片。
）The boys and girls are playing in the park.（男孩和女孩们正在公园里玩耍。
）二、例题分析为了更好地理解主谓一致原则，以下通过一些例题来进行详细分析。
例题1：The team _____ working on the project.（be）在这个例句中，主语是"the team"，是单数形式，因此谓语动词的形式应该使用单数，填入be的单数形式"is"，句子变为："The team is working on the project."例题2：He and his friends _____ going to the concert.（be）在这个例句中，主语是"he and his friends"，表示多个人，因此谓语动词的形式应该使用复数，填入be的复数形式"are"，句子变为："He and his friends are going to the concert."例题3：One of the students _____ the exam.（fail）在这个例句中，主语是"one of the students"，表示多个学生中的一个，因此谓语动词的形式应该使用第三人称单数，填入fail的第三人称单数形式"fails"，句子变为："One of the students fails the exam."三、常见错误在使用主谓一致时，常见的错误包括以下几种：1. 混淆主谓的人称和数：主语与谓语之间的人称和数要保持一致，不可以混淆。
主谓一致的句子举例
主谓一致的句子举例
1. 我和你一起去逛街，可不是你一个人说了算的呀！就像划船需要两个人齐心协力，主谓可不能不一致呀！比如“我和你去购物”，这多和谐呀！
2. 大家一起做游戏的时候，每个人都要遵守规则哦，这跟主谓一致是一个道理呀！“大家玩得很开心”，这里的“大家”和“玩”就是一致的呀，多棒！
3. 他们在公园里尽情玩耍，难道不是所有人都很快乐吗？正如句子“他们在欢笑”，多自然的主谓一致呀！
4. 你看那鸟儿飞翔在天空，“鸟儿飞”，主谓多么一致呀，就像鱼儿在水中畅游一样顺畅！
5. 我们举办派对，所有人都嗨起来了呀！就像正确的句子“我们欢乐”，这是多么理所当然呀！
6. 他在舞台上表演，光芒四射呀，这和“他闪耀”这样主谓一致的表达一样精彩呢！
7. 她在厨房里忙碌地做饭，不正是“她劳作”这样一致的场景嘛，多生活呀！
8. 老师们辛勤地教书育人，就如同“老师们耕耘”这般和谐一致呀！
结论：主谓一致真的很重要呀，能让我们的表达更加清晰明了、自然流畅呀！。
主谓一致
主谓一致
3-4两个抽象名词用作主语时 谓语动词用单数或复数均可。例如 两个抽象名词用作主语时, 谓语动词用单数或复数均可。例如: 两个抽象名词用作主语时 • His courage and endurance is (或are) admirable . 他的勇气 或 和耐心令人称赞。 和耐心令人称赞。 • Care and understanding is (或are ) important . 关怀和理解 或 是重要的。 是重要的。 当justice and law(正义与法律 , time and tide(岁月 , fairness 正义与法律) 岁月) 正义与法律 岁月 and impartiality(公正和不偏不倚 等作主语时 故谓语用单数或 公正和不偏不倚)等作主语时 公正和不偏不倚 等作主语时, 复数均可
主谓一致
• 意义一致
• 1）逻辑一致是指谓语动词的形式不取决于主语的表层语法形 ） 而取决于它的深层逻辑含义。虽然一个做主语的名词的形 深层逻辑含义 态，而取决于它的深层逻辑含义。虽然一个做主语的名词的形 式是单数，但如果它表示的是复数的含义 谓语动词也应用复 复数的含义， 式是单数，但如果它表示的是复数的含义，谓语动词也应用复 数形式，反之亦然。 数形式，反之亦然。有时同一个词在不同的语境表示不同的逻 辑意义，则需要依据其含义使用不同的动词形式，应注意体味、 辑意义，则需要依据其含义使用不同的动词形式，应注意体味、 把握不同的动词形式，应注意体味、 把握不同的动词形式，应注意体味、把握不同的动词形式所体 现的主语的确切的逻辑含义：离、金额、重量、面积、体积、容积等 时间、 2-1. 表示时间、距离、金额、重量、面积、体积、容积等 度量的名词短语做主语时， 名词短语做主语时 度量的名词短语做主语时，谓语用单数 Two weeks was too long . Eighty dollars is what she needs . 她需要 美元。 她需要80 美元。 Ten apples is enough . ( = Such a number of apples) •Note: 但若强调这类词组的复数意义, 谓语动词也可用复数 但若强调这类词组的复数意义 形式。例如: 形式。例如 Two hundred tons of water were used last month . 上个月用 吨水。 了200 吨水。 The fifty miles were covered by the winner in three hours . 优胜者花3 小时跑完了50 英里路程。 优胜者花 小时跑完了 英里路程。
主谓一致的三个原则
主谓一致的三个原则
主谓一致是指句子中的主语和谓语在人称（如第一人称、第二人称、
第三人称）、数（单数、复数）和形式（肯定句、否定句）上保持一致。
以下是主谓一致的三个原则：
原则一：一致性原则
根据一致性原则，当主语是单数时，谓语动词要用单数形式；当主语
是复数时，谓语动词要用复数形式。
例句：
- The cat chases mice every day.（猫每天都追逐老鼠。
）
- The cats chase mice every day.（猫们每天都追逐老鼠。
）
原则二：就近一致原则
根据就近一致原则，当主语有两个或更多个，并且用连词连接起来时，谓语动词的数应与最接近谓语动词的主语保持一致。
例句：
- Jack and Jill go to school together.（杰克和吉尔一起上学。
）- Jack or his friends go to the party.（杰克或者他的朋友们去
参加派对。
）
原则三：无谓语从句的一致原则
当谓语动词是主句的一部分时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致，而不是与从句中的主语保持一致。
例句：
- The fact that he is late does not surprise me.（他迟到这个事实并不让我惊讶。
）
以上就是主谓一致的三个原则。
遵循这些原则可以使句子更准确、易于理解，并且使语法结构更正确。
主谓一致是英语语法中非常重要的一个概念，合理使用可以帮助我们更好地表达自己的意思。
英语语法---主谓一致
第一讲主谓一致“一致”（Concord 或Agreement）是指句子成分之间词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。
主要有主语与动词的一致，主语与补语的一致，限定词与名词中心词的一致，人称代词与并列和非并列先行词的一致，名词与名词或代词的一致。
“主谓一致”是指主语和谓语动词之间在人称和数的方面的一致关系，这又叫做“主——动一致”（Subject ——verb Concord）。
1. 主谓一致三原则主语和随后的动词(词组)，即谓语动词之间的一致关系常为三种不同的原则所支配，即语法一致原则(Grammar Concord)，意义一致原则(Notional Concord)和就近原则(Principle of Proximity)。
1.1 语法一致指作主语的名词中心词是复数，动词就用复数形式；如果名词中心词是单数名词或不可数名词，动词就用单数形式。
例如：Both boys have their own merits.In my heart are peace and goodwill.The elevator works very well.Much effort is wasted.1.2 意义∕概念一直指主语和动词的一致关系并非取决于语法上的单、复数形式，而是取决于主语的单、复数意义。
有时主语在语法形式上并非复数，但有复数意义，随后的动词就用复数；主语在语法形式上是复数，而在意义上可视为单数，随后的动词用单数。
例如：The jury has asked more time.The jury are unable to agree.Fifty minutes isn’t enough time to finish this test.“ Senior citizens” means people over sixty.1.3 就近原则指谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语的单、复数形式，而不是与充当主语的名词短语中心词相一致。
主谓一致最全面讲解
主谓一致最全面讲解主谓一致（concord），是指主语和谓语动词要保持人称和数上的一致。
英语中动词be的变化形式最多，如I am，You are，He is，We are等。
主语I一定要用am的动词形式，这就叫“主谓一致”。
一、主谓一致的三个原则主谓一致涉及三个基本原则，即语法一致原则（principle of grammatical concord）、意义一致原则（principle of notional concord）和就近一致原则（principle of proximity）。
A. 语法一致语法一致是指主语和谓语在单复数形式上的一致关系，主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；反之，谓语动词用复数形式。
My child has no intention of spending a vacation with me. 我的孩子不想与我一起度假。
My children have no intention of spending a vacation with me. 我的孩子们不想与我一起度假。
B. 意义一致意义一致是说谓语动词的单、复数要取决于主语所表达的概念，而不取决于表面上的语法标记。
1. 主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。
The only people who are interested in the book seem to be lawyers. 唯一对这本书感兴趣的人好像是律师。
The majority of primary school teachers are women. 大多数小学老师都是女的。
2. 主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。
Billiards is becoming more and more popular in some cities. 桌球在一些城市里越来越受欢迎。
C. 就近一致就近一致是指当主语由两个或两个以上名词或代词组成时，谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数一致。
主谓一致的规则与注意点
主谓一致的规则与注意点在英语语法中，主谓一致是指主语与谓语在人称和数上相互匹配的规则。
正确的主谓一致可以使句子更加通顺，准确地传达出所要表达的意思。
本文将介绍主谓一致的规则和注意点，并给出一些相关的例子。
一、一般情况下的主谓一致规则1. 单数主语与单数谓语动词一致：- The dog barks loudly.（这只狗吠叫得很大声。
）- My friend likes to read books.（我的朋友喜欢读书。
）2. 复数主语与复数谓语动词一致：- The birds fly south for the winter.（鸟儿们为了过冬飞向南方。
） - My parents are doctors.（我父母是医生。
）3. 不可数名词作为主语时，用单数谓语动词：- Physics is an interesting subject.（物理是一门有趣的科目。
）- Sugar tastes sweet.（糖的味道甜。
）4. 使用there is/are句型时，谓语动词与后面的主语一致：- There is a cat on the roof.（屋顶上有一只猫。
）- There are many books on the shelf.（书架上有很多书。
）二、特殊情况下的主谓一致规则1. 当主语由“each”, “every”, “either”, “neither”等修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式：- Each student needs to bring their own pen.（每个学生都需要带上自己的钢笔。
）- Neither of them is available tomorrow.（他们中的任何一个明天都不可用。
）2. 当主语由“either...or”, “neither...nor”, “not only...but also”等连接时，谓语动词与最靠近的主语一致：- Either the cat or the dogs are sleeping.（要么猫要么狗正在睡觉。
主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语一致
主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语一致。
下面让我们看看不同类型的主谓一致。
1. 名词做主语(1)单复数主谓一致A) 一般词汇：有些词汇的复数形式是固定不变的，如：crossroads (十字路口;聚焦点), headquarters (总部), means (方法，手段), species (种类，品种), ser ie s (系列)等，但其动词的单复数取决于两点：a) 取决于限定词：例：Every means has been tr ie d but without much result.(各种方法都试过，可没有多大效果。
)b) 取决于上下文内容、作者所要表达的意思、特指还是泛指：例：Are/ Is there any other means of solving the problem?(还有什么其它解题的方法吗?注意：这里可以用are表示其它方法，也可以用is表示和现在所用的方法相对比的另一种方法。
)My favorite book is The Old Man and the Sea.(我喜爱的书是《老人与海》。
注意：本句是特指。
)Our TV ser ie s are much better than those of Japan.(我国的电视剧比日本的好得多。
注意：本句是泛指。
)c) 从句做主语How to develop a healthy habit is a good question to discuss.d) 学科名词一般用单数谓语动词。
这样的词有：economics(经济学), electronics(电子学), mathematics(数学), politics(政治学)等等。
例：Politics is a good topic for discussion.(政治是谈论的好题目。
)e)有些表示成双成对的词，常常只用复数形式，动词一律用复数，也不能用不定冠词。
主谓一致知识点
主谓一致1.原则：语法一致，就近一致，概念/意义一致。
2.详解：语法一致原则：⑴主语单复数与谓语动词的一致A.主语的单数名词/代词与谓语动词的一致:①单数名词/代词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
不可数名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。
有些单数集体名词为不可数名词：如furniture,equipment,merchandise,baggage,machinery,clothing等做主语时，谓语动词用单数。
主语是复数名词/只有复数形式的名词，谓语动词用复数形式。
常见的这类名词有：clothes,belongings(财物)，earnings（薪水），savings (积蓄，存款)；surroundings（环境），odds（可能性，概率），remains（剩余物，残留物），goods商品，fireworks烟火表演，thanks 感谢。
The book is very interesting. 这本书很有趣。
Water is useful. 水很有用。
The students are having an English lesson. 那些学生在上英语课。
一些不可数名词前有量词修饰时，语法上规定，谓语动词的数要和数量词保持一致Quantities of food in the shop have gone bad.＝A quantity of food in theshop has gone bad. 那家商店大量的食物都变质了②many a+单数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数。
Many+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。
Many a worker was killed in the accident. 在这次事故中死了许多工人。
③more than one+单数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数，more +复数名词+than one做主语，谓语动词用复数。
More than one person has known it. 不止一个人知道这件事。
主谓一致详解
主谓一致详解基础知识主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系..对大多数人来说;往往会在掌握主语和随后的谓语动词之间的一致问题上遇到困难..一般情况下;主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配：语法一致原则grammatical concord意义一致原则notional concord就近原则principle of proximity一语法一致原则用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致;就是语法一致..也就是说;如果名词中心词是单数;动词用单数形式；如果名词中心词是复数;动词用复数形式..例如：This table is a genuine antique.Both parties have their own advantages.Her job has something to do with computers.She wants to go home.They are divorcing each other.Mary was watching herself in the mirror.The bird built a nest.Susan comes home every week-end.二意义一致原则有时;主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义;而不是语法上的单、复数形式;这样的一致关系就是意义一致..例如：Democratic government gradually take the place of an all-powerful monarchy.A barracks was attacked by the guerilla.Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.The United States is a developed country.It is the remains of a ruined palace.The archives was lost.This pair of trousers costs fifty dollars.三就近原则有时;谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语..例如：Either my grandsons or their father is coming.No one except his daughters agree with him.Mary and her sisters are baking a cake.Neither Richard nor I am going.二、以集合名词做主语的主谓一致问题有些集合名词;ommittee;council;crew;crowd;family;gang;government;group;mob;staff;team; union等;在意义上是复数;但在语法形式上是单数;这类名词作主语的主谓一致问题往往遵循“语法一致”或“意义一致”原则..例如：The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.A council of elders governs the tribe.The present government is trying to control inflation.The school staff are expected to supervise school meals.一通常作复数的集体名词包括police;people; cattle; militia; vermin等;这些集体名词通常用作复数..例如：The British police have only very limited powers.The militia were called out to guard the borderland.It seems the cattle on the sides of the dikes were the only living creatures in these desolate surroundings.二通常作不可数名词的集体名词通常作不可数名词的集体名词;包括poultry;foliage;machinery; equipment;furniture; merchandise等;这类名词后的动词用单数形式..例如：Poultry is expensive at this time of year.That green foliage was restful.The merchandise has arrived undamaged.All the machinery in the factory is made in China.The suite of furniture he bought was of contemporary style.The equipment of the photographic studio was expensive.三可作单数也可作复数的集体名词可作单数也可作复数的集体名词;包括audience; committee; crew; family; government;jury 等..例如：The audience was/were enthusiastic on the opening night of the play.The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.The jury is/are about to announce the winners.The government has/have discussed the matter for a long time.三、a committee; etc of +复数名词的主谓一致问题如果主语是由a committee of /a panel of /a the board of +复数名词构成;随后的动词通常用单数..例如：A committee of twelve men is to discuss the matter.A panel of experts has considered the situation.The board of managers is responsible for the firm.四、以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题英语可数名词的规则复数形式是在词尾加-s或-es;但是有一些以-s结尾的名词并不是可数名词..它们用法多样;造成了实际使用上的困难;以下详述了以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题..一以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题二以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语的主谓一致问题三以-s结尾的地理名称作主语的主谓一致问题四以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题五其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题一以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题;如：arthritis;bronchitis;diabetes;mumps;phlebitis;rickets;这类以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语时;谓语动词通常用作单数..例如：Arthritis causes great pain in the joints of the patient.The diabetes is a kind of chronic disease.Measles usually occurs in children.Phlebitis is a swollen condition of the blood vessels.二以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语的主谓一致问题以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语时;谓语动词通常用作单数..例如：Darts is basically a easy game.Marbles is not confined to children.Skittles is not fashionable nowadays.Draughts is not very difficult to learn.但当Darts;Marbles等的意义为游戏器具而非游戏名称时;谓语动词通常用作复数..例如：Three darts are thrown at each turn.All nine skittles were brought down by the good throw.三以-s结尾的地理名称作主语的主谓一致问题某些以-s结尾的地理名称;如果是国名;如the United States;the Netherlands等;因其是单一政治实体;所以谓语动词用作单数..例如：The United States was hit by the Great Depression in 1930s'.In early January 1996 the Netherlands was hit by its worst storm since 1976.但如果是群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等地理名称作主语;谓语动词用作复数..例如：The West Indies are commonly divided into two parts.The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plant.The Straits of Gibraltar have not lost their strategic importance.The Niagara Falls are perhaps the most splendid waterfall in the world.四以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题某些以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语时;如physics;mathematics;mechanics; optics; acoustics; politics statistics; economics; linguistics; athletics等; 谓语动词通常用作单数..例如：Physics is a fundamental subject in science.The third world economics is promising.Acoustics studies the science of sound.Mathematics is an interesting subject.Athletics is a required course for students of all grades.但如果这类名词表示学科以外的其它含义;可作复数用..例如：Athletics have been greatly encouraged at this college.The acoustics of the new concert hall are perfect.The economics of the project are still at issue.五其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题A.以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名称作主语英语中有一些通常以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名词;如glasses; pincers;pliers;scissors; shorts;suspenders;trousers等;这类名词做主语;如果不带“一把”、“一副”等单位词;谓语动词通常用复数..例如：Mary's glasses are new.John's trousers are black.如果带有单位词; 则由单位词决定动词的单、复数形式..例如：One pair of pincers isn't enough.Two pairs of scissors are missing from my tool box.B.其他以-s结尾的名词英语中还有一些以- s结尾的名词;如archives;arms;clothes; contents; eaves; fireworks; goods; minutes; morals; remains stairs; suburbs; thanks;wages这类名词作主语时;谓语动词通常用复数..例如：The archives of the country are kept in the Department of Security.The contents of the book are most amusing.High wages often result in high prices.My thanks are sincere.五、如果句子的主语是并列结构;其主谓一致问题通常遵循以下原则：一由and/both...and连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题二由or/nor/either...or连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题三主语+ as much as;etc的主谓一致问题一由and/both...and连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题由and/both...and连接的并列结构作主语;可根据主语的意义决定谓语动词的单、复数形式.. 例如：Pancakes and syrup is a tasty breakfast.The number and diversity of British newspaper is considerable.Good and bad taste are inculcated by example.Fish and chips are getting very expensive.A truck and a car were in the ditch.Both Cathy and her daughter Lida have gone fishing in Canada.当and连接的并列名词词组带有each;every;或者many a 等限定词时;谓语动词通常用单数..例如：Each man and each woman there is asked to help.Every flower and every bush is to be cut down.Every change of season; every change of weather; indeed every hour of the day; produces some change in the magical hues and shapes of these mountains.Many a boy was disappointed after seeing the film.二由or/nor/either...or连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题由or;nor;either...or; neither...nor;not only...but also连接的并列结构作主语;随后的动词形式通常按照“就近原则”处理..例如：Neither Lucy nor Carol has any money left.Neither sleet nor snow stops him from driving his new Mercedes-Benz.Either Tina or Carol is sure to know the answer.Neither my father nor my brothers are likely to be at theater.Neither the Kansas coach nor the players were confident of victory.Not only one; but all of us are hoping to be there.Not only the switches but also the old wiring has been stolen.三主语+ as much as;etc的主谓一致问题当主语后面跟有由as much as; rather than ; more than; no less than 等引导的从属结构;或跟有由as well as; in addition to ;with; along with; together with; except等引导的词组时; 其后的动词形式取决主语的形式..例如：The vessel; with its entire crew and cargo was lost.The ocean; as well as the gulf and the bay; provides good fishing.John; rather than his roommates; is to blame.Hugh;as well as his two sisters; is vacationing in Wyoming this summer.Some of the employees as much as the manager were responsible for the failure.My husband;more than anyone else in the family; is longing to go there again.Billy; together with his sisters; was wounded in the accident.No one except two girls was late for school.六、以表示数量概念的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题数量概念分两类：一类是确定数量;如two years; five seconds;three kilos;等;另一类是非确定数量;如all of...; some of...; none of.....如果用这类表示数量概念的名词词组作主语;会产生主谓一致问题..一以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题二以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题一以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语当主语为表示确定数量的名词词组时;如果数量概念被看做一个整体;动词用单数;如果被看做组成该数量的个体;动词用复数..例如：The treasurer considered that twenty dollars was not too much to ask."Two months is too short a time;" General manager warned; "we must hurry up."Three weeks is needed to complete the task.There were six silver dollars in each of the stockings.Three pints is not enough to get him drunk.A total of 50;000 new bicycles was registered in the year.如果作主语的名词词组是由“分数/百分数+ of”词组构成;其动词形式取决于of词组中名词的类别..例如：Two-thirds of the people present is against the plan.Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by sea.Over twenty percent of the city was destroyed in the war.Forty-five percent of the doctors were woman.两数相减或相除;谓语动词用单数；两数相加或相乘;谓语动词可用单数;也可用复数..例如：Sixty minus seventeen leaves forty-three.Forty-two divided by six is seven.Six and eight makes/make fourteen.Six times eight is/are forty-eight.如果主语由"one in/one out of + 复数名词" 构成;在正式语体中;动词用单数..例如：One in ten students has passed the examination.One out of twelve bottles was left intact.二以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题如果主语由"a portion of; a series of; a pile of; a panel of +名词"或由“a kind/sort/type of; this kind/sort/type of+名词”构成;谓语动词通常用单数..例如：A panel of us has decided to hire a boat and travel through Holland by canal.A pile of apple logs was set beside the hearth.A portion of reports is deceiving.This kind of cars is rather expensive.This type of women is dangerous.That type of machines is up-to-date.如果主语是由“many a +名词" 或“more than one +名词"构成;随后的动词遵循“语法一致”原则;用单数..例如：Many a person in these circumstances has hoped for a long break.Many a man has his own responsibility.More than one student has failed the exam.More than one ship was lost this year.如果主语是all of; some of;none of; half of; most of;lots of;loads of ;plenty of;等表示非确定数量的名词词组;谓语动词的单、复数形式根据of词组中名词类别而定..例如：Most of the money was recovered by Deputy Player.All of the cargo was lost.Some of the books were badly torn.None of my friends ever come to see me.Half of the building was destroied during the war.Half of the students are eager to leave now.Lots of people are waiting outside.Loads of apples have been distributed among the children.Plenty of water was prepared for irrigation.。
主谓一致
主谓一致第一部分主谓一致是指谓语在人称上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致。
这是英语语法中必须遵守的基本规则。
谓语一致主要有以下几种情况。
主谓一致：一·语法原则一致二·意义一致三·就近原则1语法一致主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式。
谓语动词为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。
eg: I often help him and he often helps me . (不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数：可数名词的复数形式作主语。
谓语动词用复数。
)2 如果连接两个或两个以上的并列结构是指同一人或物，或指同一概念，谓语动词用单数，这是and后面的名词前不加冠词。
如：表示整体概念的并列结构。
Bread and butter knife and fork配套的事物A watch and chain a needle and threadThe knife and fork is on the desk 刀叉饭放在桌子上3 主语后面带有with,along with,together with ,as well as ,besides ,like ,without ,except ,including ,but ,rather than 等引导的短语时，谓语动词必须与前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致eg :The teacher ,together with his student ,is planting trees in the garden 老师和学生们正在花园里种树E-mail，as well as the telephones is playing an important part in daily communication.4 如果主语是是不定式，动词—ing形式或主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。
What he is doing seems very important 他正在做什么看起来很重要。
什么是英语中的主谓一致
什么是英语中的主谓一致英语中的主谓一致指的是句子中的主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
在英语语法中，主语的人称和数应与谓语的人称和数相匹配，以确保句子的结构正确和语义清晰。
主谓一致是英语语法中的基本规则之一，它对于正确表达意思和避免语法错误非常重要。
在英语句子中，主谓一致的主要规则如下：1. 一般情况下，在单数形式的主语前使用单数形式的谓语动词，而在复数形式的主语前使用复数形式的谓语动词。
例如：- He walks to school every day.（他每天步行上学。
）- They walk to school every day.（他们每天步行上学。
）2. 当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要加上“-s”或“-es”。
例如：- She reads a book.（她在读一本书。
）- The cat sits on the mat.（猫坐在地毯上。
）3. 当主语是以“-s”、“-x”、“-z”、“-o”结尾的名词时，谓语动词不需要添加“-s”。
例如：- The bus stops here.（公共汽车在这里停车。
）- The box contains books.（盒子里装着书。
）4. 当主语是不可数名词时，谓语动词使用单数形式。
例如：- Water is essential for life.（水对于生命是必不可少的。
）- Music brings joy to people.（音乐给人们带来快乐。
）5. 当主语是复合主语，且由and连接时，谓语动词使用复数形式。
例如：- Tom and Jerry are good friends.（汤姆和杰瑞是好朋友。
）6. 当主语是复合主语，且由or、nor连接时，谓语动词与最接近的主语保持一致。
例如：- Either John or his brothers are responsible for the mess.（要么是约翰，要么是他的兄弟们对这个乱糟糟的地方负责。
主谓一致的10种情况
主谓一致的1０种情况１、集体名词group, class, family, army, enemy,government, 作主语时，如果看成一个整体，谓语用单数；如果看成一个个的个体，谓语用复数。
My family is a large one.我的家庭是一个大家庭。
All my family love music.我的家人都喜欢音乐。
２、当people, police, cattle 等集体名词作主语时，谓语通常用复数。
The police are running after a thief.警察在追赶一个小偷。
３、在there be 句型中，以及由either---or--- ; neither---nor--- ; notonly---but also--- 连接并列主语时，谓语与邻近主语一致。
Either he or his sister takes care of the old man every day.每天要么他要么他的妹妹照顾那个老人。
４、表示时间、长度、距离、重量、容积、价值等复数名词作主语时，常作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数。
Twenty years is a long time.二十年是一个很长的时间。
５、由each, either, neither或由some, any ,no, every 构成的合成代词作主语时，谓语用单数。
Neither of them is interested in maths.他们两人都对数学不感兴趣。
Someone is looking for you.有人在找你。
６、在四则运算中，谓语用单数或复数都可以。
One and three is/are four.一加三是四。
Two times three is/are six.二乘以三是六。
７、当maths, news, physics 等单数概念、复数形式的名词作主语时，谓语用单数。
The news is bad.消息很糟糕。
主谓一致
1.Each book and each paper is found in its place.
2.Every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.
3.Many a boy and many a girl has seen these painting.
Both Cathy and her daughter Linda have gone fishing in Canada.
Bread and butter is a daily food in the West.
常见的由and连接的指一个概念的有：
the needle and thread 针线 salt and water盐水 the folk and knife 刀叉 iron and steel 钢铁
7. Quantity/ies of +名词复数/不可数名词
①the quantity of + 复数名词或不可数名词，
谓语用单数。
②a quantity of +复数名词,谓语用复数。 a quantity of +不可数名词,谓语用单数.
③quantities of + 复数名词或不可数名词，
1. Eight hours of sleep is enough. 2. A hundred miles is a long distance. 3. Ten pounds was missing from my
pocket. 4. Twenty years has passed since he left
2. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by sea.
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主谓一致一．概念：句子的主语和谓语在人称．．和数．上保持一致。
二．遵循的原则：1.语法一致2.意义一致3.就近原则（邻近原则）三．用法：1. 单复数同形的名词means, headquarters（总部），series（系列），species（种类），works（工厂）作主语时，谓语动词根据意义一致的原则。
eg. ①These glass works are near the railway station.②This glass works(玻璃厂) was set up in 1990.注:remains作遗体讲,谓语动词用复数;作遗迹、剩余物讲，谓语动词用单数或复数。
2. 只有复数形式的名词scissors(剪子),glasses(眼镜), clothes, shorts(短裤), trousers(裤子), goods(货物), earnings(收入)，shoes, chopsticks等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
eg. ①Where are my spectacles(眼镜)?I can’t find them.②One pair of scissors isn’t enough.3. 以s结尾的名词作主语时:⑴以s结尾的不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
eg. What’s the news?⑵以s结尾的专有名词作主语时:a. 以s结尾的表示国家,组织等名称或书名作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
如：the Netherlands(荷兰), the United States(美国), the United Nations(联合国), The Cantebury Tales(坎特伯雷的故事),American Notes(美国笔记), The Arabian Nights(一千零一夜)b. 以s结尾的表示山脉,群岛,海峡,瀑布等地理名称作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
如：the Alps(阿尔卑斯山), the Himalayas(喜马拉雅山脉), the Philippine Islands(菲律宾群岛), the Niagara Falls(尼亚加拉大瀑布)c. 以s结尾的疾病、游戏名称等作主语,谓语动词用单数。
如：diabetes(糖尿病), darts(投镖游戏), marbles(打弹子游戏)d. 以ics结尾的学科名称作主语,谓语动词用单数。
如：physics, mathematics, politics, economics4.集体名词作主语时:⑴表示整体概念,谓语动词用单数形式;表示个体成员,谓语动词用复数形式.例如army, audience, band, board(董事会), cast(全体演员),class, committee, crew(全体船员), crowd, family, generation,government, group, party, population, publie, school, staff,team, company等。
注:这些词前如有whole修饰,则表示整体,谓语动词用单数。
⑵只当复数看待的集体名词如cattle, folk(人们)，people, youth,poultry(家禽), vermin(害虫), militia(民兵)谓语动词用复数。
注:people作民族讲,谓语动词可用单数。
eg.Every people has its own ways of living.⑶常作不可数名词、表示总称的集体名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数，例如furniture, luggage(行李),merchandise(商品),equipment, foliage(叶子),machinery（机械）、clothing, jewelry（珠宝）等。
5. 主语为外来的复数名词时,谓语动词作单数，例如data（数据）(谓语动词也可用复数),agenda（议程）等。
6. 表示时间、距离、金钱的复数名词作主语时，意义一致,把复数名词看作整体,谓语动词用单数。
eg. ①Three years has passed.②Four hundred miles is long distance.③Fifty dollars is dear.7. 如果主语由more than one…, many a…, a/an/one…and a half与名词构成，谓语动词用单数。
one and a half+名词复数,谓语动词视名词而定。
more than +名词复数或more+名词复数+than one结构后，谓语动词用复数。
eg. ①More than one question was asked at the meeting.②Many a ship has been damaged in the storm.③An apple and a half was eaten.（= One and a half apples were eaten.）④One and a half years has passed. （整体概念）8. 代词作主语时：（1）表示数量的不定代词much, little作主语时，谓语动词用单数；many，(a)few, both, several作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
eg. ①Much of our food comes from plants.②Only the few are likely to enjoy the music.（2）such, the same起指示代词作用时，谓语动词根据其所指内容决定单复数（意义一致）。
eg. ①Such is our plan.②Such are his words.（3）most (of), none (of), some (of), all (of) 作主语时，谓语动词根据意义一致的原则。
一般来说，all指人时，谓语动词用复数；指事情时谓语动词用单数。
eg. ①All are right.(所有人都身体健康)②All is right.(一切进展顺利)（4）each (of), either (of), neither (of), the other, another，以及some, every, any, no+thing, body,one构成的合成代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数(主语为none,谓语动词现多用复数，也可用单数)。
each放在代词后面作同位语，谓语动词由代词决定。
eg. We each have a reference book.（5）关系代词who, which, that等在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词的数与先行词的数保持一致。
eg. Those who want to go please sign your name here.（6）疑问代词who, what, which作主语时，谓语动词根据说话人要表达的意思决定单复数（意义一致）。
eg. Which is (are) your books?9. 表示不定数量的名词短语作主语时：（1）a (great) number of, many, a few+可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数；(a) little, much, a great deal of+不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
注：A. a （large）quantity of +可数名词复数或不可数名词，谓语动词的形式通常视of后名词的具体情况而定，该名词是不可数名词时谓语用单数形式，该名词时复数可数名词时谓语通常要采用复数形式；（large）quantities of +可数名词复数或不可数名词, 谓语动词用复数。
B. a large/great amount/sum of +不可数名词，谓语动词用单数；large/great amounts/sums of +不可数名词, 谓语动词用复数。
（2）表示“种类、计量单位”的名词kind, sort, type, form, pair, cup, glass, piece, box, chain, series(单数、复数形式同形)、species(单数、复数形式同形), ton, meter等与of连用构成主语时，由of之前表示“种类、计量单位”的名词决定谓语动词的形式。
a portion/pile/panel (组)/committee/board of +可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
如：a kind /sort/type of, this kind /sort/type of+名词单/复数，谓语动词用单数; these/those kind(s) /sort(s)/type(s) of+名词复数, 谓语动词用复数; what kind of+名词单数，谓语动词用单数；what kinds of+名词单数，谓语动词用复数。
eg. There has been a whole series of accidents on the stretch of roadrecently. (最近在这一段路上发生了一连串事故)（3）the number of +可数名词复数，the amount of +不可数名词，the quantity of +可数名词复数或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
（4）a lot of, lots of, a heap of, heaps of（许多）, half of, plenty of, the rest of, the remainder of+可数/不可数名词作主语，谓语动词根据of后面的名词决定。
eg. ①Half of the students have read the novel.②Half of the food is unfit to eat.10. 数词（由数词构成的短语）作主语时：（1）分数或百分比+of+名词作主语，谓语动词根据of后面的名词决定。
eg. ①Two thirds of the earth’s surface is made up of vast ocean.②Three fifths of the workers here are women.（2）基数词单纯表示数字作主语时，谓语动词用单数；表示数量时，谓语动词用复数。
eg. ①Twelve are boys.②Ten billion is a large number.（3）不可数名词前如有表数量的复数词出现，做主语时，谓语用复数。
eg.Thousands of tons of coal are carried out from this mine every month .（4）one or two+名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数；a/one+名词单数+or two作主语时，谓语动词用单数。