高考英语语法详解：现在分词作状语和过去分词作状语的区别
现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别
分词作状语答题记忆口诀
分词作状语主语是问题 逗号前后两动作共用一主语 主语找出后再来判关系 主动-ing被动用-ed Having done 表先后 千万要牢记
Having been done 是Having done的被动态
• Having finished his homework he went playing. 完成式主动态
B 3. _I_m__p_r_e_ss_e_d_ by the beautiful scenery I
forgot to go back home in time.
A.覆水难收 B.流连忘返 C.一言既出 驷马难追
II. 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. _S_e_e_n__ see from the top of the hill the city looks beautiful to us. 2. _G__iv_e_n_ give time he’ll make a first class tennis player. 3. _L_o_o_k_i_n_g_ look out of the window I found many children playing on the playground.
• After he had finished his homework he went playing.
• Having been criticized by the teacher Li Ming gave up smoking. 完成式被动态
• After he had been criticized by the teacher Li Ming gave up smoking.
过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别
pp和v-ing各有两大特点：
英语现在分词和过去分词用法异同
make
简析：首先，根据语法分析可知，待选部分在整个句中应作状语；
再根据 European football 对于 make 来说应是主动关系，即欧
洲足球使之本身成为一项最受世人欢迎的运动。因此，该题应选A。
2.____ a reply, he decided to write again.
A. Not receiving
-They got very ____.
分词作宾语补足语
共同点：分词在复合宾语中可作宾语补 足语，对句子的宾语起补充或说明作用。 不同点：分词作宾语补足语时，句子的 宾语就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分 词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表 示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的 动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动 关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之 前或同时发生。
简析：该题应选A。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动，等于定语
从句 who were invited
5.Most of the artists ____ to the party were from South
Africa.
A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had
B. Receiving not
C. Not having received
D. Having not
received
简析：该题应选C。 测试非谓语动词的否定式是在其前直接加
not 。若动作发生在主句动作之前时用非谓语的完成式。
3.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the
1.This news sounds ____.
现在分词与过去分词的用法之异同
1.This news sounds ____. A. encouraging B. encouraged C. encourage D. to encourage 简析：首先，根据语法分析可知，待选部分在句中应作表语，因 为 sounds 在此句中用作连系动词；再根据 The news 对于动词 encourage 来说应是主动关系，即这个消息本身就鼓舞人心。因此， 该题应选A。 2. -How did Bob do in the exams this time? -Well, his father seems ____ with his results. A. pleasing B. please C. pleased D. to please 简析：首先, 根据语法分析可知, 待选部分在句中应作表语。因为 seems 在此句中用作连系动词; 再根据 his father 对于动词 please 来 说应是被动关系, 即这个结果使他的父亲高兴; 换言之, 他的父亲因 为受到这个结果的刺激而感到高兴。因此, 该题应选C。 3. -How did the audience receive the new play? -They got very ____. A . excite B . excited C . excitedly D . exciting 简析：该题应选B。测试他们被那出新戏所打动。
是被动关系。因此，该题应选D。
3. I can hardly imagine Peter ____ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
A. sail
B. sailing
C. to sail
D. to have sailed
简析: 该题应选B。测试动词 imagine 后要求跟动名词, Peter 是动 名词的逻辑主语。 4.If you wave your book in front of your face, you can feel the air ____ against your face. A. moved 发出的动作。 B. moving C. moves D. to move 简析: 该题应选B。测试使役动词后用现在分词作宾补表示宾语正
高考英语 考前回顾之之过去分词与现在分词用法异同
二、分词作表语
共同点：分词作表语时，位于系动词后，它起着形容词的作用。 不同点：分词作表语时，句子的主语就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词作表语时，表外界对人的感觉，过去分词表人对外界的感觉。
常见的这类此有： 主语是物 人 face smile look voice expression interesting — interested encouraging — encouraged delighting—delighted disappointing—disappointed pleasing—pleased puzzling—puzzled satisfying—satisfied surprising—surprised worrying--worried
1.This news sounds ____. A. encouraging B. encouraged C. encourage D. to encourage 简析：首先，根据语法分析可知，待选部分在句中应作表语，因为 sounds 在此句中用作连系动词；再根据 The news 对于动词 encourage 来说应是主动关系，即这个消息本身就鼓舞人心。因此，该题应选A。 2. -How did Bob do in the exams this time? -Well, his father seems ____ with his results. A. pleasing B. please C. pleased D. to please 简析：首先, 根据语法分析可知, 待选部分在句中应作表语。因为 seems 在此句中用作连系动词; 再根据 his father 对于动词 please 来说应是被动关系, 即这个结果使他的父亲高兴; 换言之, 他的父亲因为受到这个结果的刺激而感到高兴。因此, 该题应选C。 3. -How did the audience receive the new play? -They got very ____. A . excite B . excited C . excitedly D . exciting 简析：该题应选B。测试他们被那出新戏所打动。
过去分词和现在分词作状语的区别在哪儿
过去分词和现在分词作状语的区别在哪儿过去分词和现在分词作状语的区别在哪儿1. 过去分词和现在分词作状语的区别现在分词在句中也可以作时间、条件、原因、让步、方式或伴随状语，但所不同的是现在分词与句子的主语在逻辑上是主谓关系。
也可以用现在分词的完成式，则表示动作的完成。
过去分词作状语时，它表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间是被动关系。
现在分词的被动式表示正在进行的被动动作，过去分词表示被动完成的动作。
如：_____D____ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into the international stars. (2009江西)A. GivingB. Having givenC. To giveD. Given_____A______ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed. (2008北京)A. SeeingB. To seeC. SeeD. Seen2. v-ing形式与不定式作结果状语的区别v-ing形式作结果状语表示意料之中的结果，而不定式作结果状语表示意料之外的情况。
比较：The child fell, striking his head against the door.She went home only to find her house broken into.He hurried to the booking office only ____B_________ that all the tickets had been sold out. (2006陕西)A. to tellB. to be toldC. tellingD. told3. 悬垂分词状语分词短语一般要与句子主语保持一致，但有一些固定的分词短语却不必与其逻辑主语保持一致。
分词作状语
Practice 1.The prisoner(罪犯),____ the guard and run away, was caught the next days. A killed B. killing C having killed D being killed by2. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless______ every day. A watered B watering C water D to water
现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别分词作状语时，其逻辑主语应和句子的主语保持一致；现在分词所表示的动作和句子的主语为主谓关系；过去分词所表示的动作和句子的主语为动宾关系;例如:1. Walking on the hill, she saw lots of wild plants she had never seen.2.Written in simple E among children.
二：记忆法1.常用doing的情况：judging by/from...(根据...来判断)，generally/Frankly speaking,及形容词化的现在分词表示令人...的（句子的主语通常为某物）：discouraging, interesting, inviting, puzzling, astonishing, shocking, surprising, exciting, confusing, disappointing,...。 Always confusing, the twins’ appearances were hard to tell apart.
过去分词和现在分词的区别有哪些
过去分词和现在分词的区别有哪些
现在分词和过去分词的区别
(1)语态上的区别：现在分词是主动关系;过去分词是被动关系，如：surprising使人感到惊讶的(主动)、surprised自己感到惊讶的(被动，即被惊讶的)。
(2)时间上的区别：现在分词是现在进行的;过去分词是过去完成的。
如：the changing world 正在变化着的世界、the changed world 已经起了变化的世界
分词的用法
1.作状语：分词在句子中作状语，可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、方式、伴随等。
分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句中主语相一致。
当现在分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前时，则用现在分词的完成式，当所表示动作与谓语动作同时发生，则用现在分词的一般式。
完成或被动关系用过去分词。
2.作定语：分词作定语时，单个的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前，分词短语作定语，置于被修饰词的后面。
现在分词修饰的是发出该动作的名词(即与名词有主谓关系)，过去分词修饰承受该动作的名词(即与名词是动宾关系)。
3.作表语：分词作表语通常看作形容词来用。
现在分词表示主语的性质，而且主语多为物;过去分词表示主语的感受或状态，主语多为人。
高中英语语法点总结
高中英语语法点总结高中英语语法点总结高中英语语法点总结篇1(1)现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别。
现在分词做状语与过去分词做状语的最主要区别在于两者与所修饰的主语的主动与被动关系的区别。
1)现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。
He went out shutting the door behind him. 他出去后将门随手关上。
Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help. 由于不知如何办是好，他去找父母帮忙。
2)过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。
Given more attention, the trees could have grown better. 如果对这些树多关心一些，它们本来会长得更好。
Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them. 在遇到困难的时候，我们必须设法克服。
(2)动词不定式和分词作状语的区别1)分词作状语一般表示伴随，而不定式常常表示目的。
They stood by the roadside talking about the plan.他们站在路边谈论着这个计划。
(伴随)They stood by the roadside to talk about the plan.他们站在路边为的是谈论这个计划。
(目的)2)分词作状语放在句子开头，除表示原因之外有时表示时间或条件。
动词不定式作状语时，除了表示目的以外，还表示结果或原因。
Reading attentively，he forgot the time for lunch.由于在专心读书，他忘了吃午饭的时间。
(原因)Reading carefully，he found something he had not knownbefore.他仔细读书时，发现了一些从前不知道的东西。
现在分词作状语,过去分词作状语,表语,宾补,定语
V-ing （现在分词）作状语v-ed/done(过去分词)作状语，表语，定语，宾补一．现在分词的形式形式主动形式被动形式否定形式一般式doing beingdone not doing/beingdone完成式havingdone having been done not having(been)done二．现在分词作状语辨析：动词的-ing 形式和动词不定式作结果状语的区别。
辨析：（1）动词的-ing 形式作结果状语通常表示自然而然的结果。
（2）动词不定式作结果状语通常表示意想不到的结果，常与only 连用，构成“only to do sth.”三．连词+动词的-ing 形式作状语，省略状语从句的主语和系动词be ，表示主动或者正在句子功能例句1.作时间状语，相当于when,while,as,after 等引导的时间状语从句Crossing the road,the old man was knocked over by a car.=When he was crossing the road,the old man was knocked over by a car.2.作原因状语，相当于as,because,since 等引导的原因状语从句Having eaten too much ,he couldn 't go to sleep.=Because he had eaten too much,he couldn't go to sleep.3.作条件状语，相当于if,once,unless 等引导的条件状语从句Using your head,you 'll find a good way.=If you use your head,you'll find a good way.4.作方式或伴随状语，相当于and 连接的并列谓语动词。
Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way.=Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way.5.作结果状语，可扩展为有并列谓语的句子。
现在分词、过去分词作定语、状语、宾补的区别
现在分词、过去分词作定语、宾语补足语、状语时的区别（一）现在分词\过去分词作定语的区别.The mobile phone lying on the desk belongs to me.=The mobile phone which is lying on the desk belongs to me.（the mobile phone 和lie为主谓关系，即主动关系，故用现在分词）The injured suffering from the shock in the traffic accident were lying in the hospital.=The injured who suffered from the shock in the traffic accident were lying the hospital。
（the injured 和suffer 为主谓关系，即主动关系，故用现在分词）The house built 50 years ago will be pulled soon.=The house which was built 50 years ago will be pulled soon.（the house 和build为动宾关系，即被动关系，故用过去分词）The mobile phone laid on the desk belongs to me.=The mobile phone which is laid on the desk belongs to me.（the mobile phone 和lay 为动宾关系，即被动关系，故用过去分词）小试牛刀:1.The student ________________( speak) to the teacher now is our moniter.2.The problem _______________( discuss) yesterday is of great importance.3.The machine ________________( repair ) yesterday is broken again.4..The guests ________________(invite) to the meeting were all specialists.5.China is a country _______________(belong )to the 3rd world.6 .He lives in the house _______________( face ) the north.7.The temple ________________( stand ) on the top of the hill was built 500 years ago.8.The students ________________( want ) to join the club will gather at the gate.9.The car ____________________(make ) in Japan is of high quality.10.A checking delegation ( 代表团)______________( consist ) of 5 people are visiting our school.A checking delegation ( 代表团)_____________( make) up of 5 people are visiting our school.11. The student________________( focus )on his lesson is best in our class.The student _______________ ( lose )in his lesson is best in our class.12.Can you see the boy _________________ ( dress )in a red shirt?Can you see the boy __________________( wear ) a red shirt?13.The students ____________________( sit ) in Row I see the blackboard clearlyThe students __________________( seat ) in Row I see the blackboard clearly.14. The country _____________ ( lie ) to the east of Shandong Peninsula (半岛) is South Korea.The country _____________(locate ) to the east of Shandong Peninsula (半岛) is South Korea.( 辅助信息:Our school is located in the centre of the town)（二）现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语的区别find ，make，feel，keep，leave，have ，see，observe，notice，watch，hear 。
英语：现在分词和过去分词用法之异同
四、分词作状语 共同点：分词作状语时，一般在句子中作时 间、原因、方式或伴随等状语。
不同点：分词作状语时，句子的主语就是该 分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词作状语时，与其逻 辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句 中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词 则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生谓语动词之 前或同时发生。
4.Most of the people ____ to the party were famous scientists. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting 简析：该题应选A。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动，等于定语 从句 who were invited 5.Most of the artists ____ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited 简析：该题应选A。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动，等于定语 从句who were invited 6.The computer centre, ____ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened 简析：该题应选D。测试过去分词短语作定语放在所修饰的名词后， 可以用非限制性定语从句“which was opened last year”代替 7.The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 简析：该题应选D。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动，等于定语 从句which were written
分词作状语课件 -2023届高考英语一轮复习
怎样区别现在分词与过去分词作状语
1现在分词的一般式doing,现在分词的一般式所表示的动作与句中谓语动词同时发生。Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off.一看到猫，老鼠就跑了。
2 现在分词的完成式 having done现在分词的完成式所表示的动作先于句中谓语动词发生。The storm left, having caused a lot of damage to this area.暴风雨离开了，给这个地区造成诸多破坏。
5 现在分词的否定式在其前面加notNot having completed the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks. 由于没有完成计划，他们不得不在那里再呆两个星期。
6现在分词作状语的基本用法1）表示时间Walking along the street, I met Mary. (=While I was walking along the street,…) 在街上散步的时候，我遇见了玛丽。
B
6.After seeing the (frighten) film, the boy was too frightened to walk home alone in the dark. 答案 frightening
6现在分词作状语的基本用法6）表示结果:现在分词表示自然而然的结果Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing a delay.他们的汽车遇上了交通堵塞， 因而耽搁了。thus 副词，修饰causing。
7 现在分词作状语表示分词动作的执行者（逻辑主语）就是句子的主语，有时候这类结构可以看作状语从句的省略。When crossing the street,do be careful.过马路时，务必要小心。As long as going into the reading room, you should keep quiet.只要进入阅览室，你就应该保持安静。
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高考英语语法详解：现在分词作状语和过去分词作状语的区别非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。
为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义，我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。
1．不定式和动名词作主语的区别(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。
Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here．这里禁止抽烟。
(抽象)It is not very good for you to smoke so much．你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。
(具体)(2)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。
不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。
Climbing mountains is interesting．爬山很有趣。
(经验)Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。
(经验)(3）不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。
It took me only five minutes to finish the job.2．不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别(1)不定式作表语1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。
To do two things at a time is to do neither．--次做两件事等于未做。
What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。
2）如果主语是不定式（表示条件），表语也是不定式（表示结果）。
To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。
To work means to earn a living．工作就是为了生活。
3)如果主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。
His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future．他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。
The function of Louis Sullivan's architecture was to provide large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior.The most important thing is to negotiate with them about the future of the plant．(2)动名词作表语：动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。
Our work is serving the people．我们的工作是为人民服务。
His hobby is collecting stamps．他的爱好是集邮。
(注)动名词作表语时与进行时态中的现在分词形式相同，但其所属结构迥异，进行时态说明动作是由主语完成的。
动名词做表语，说明主语的性质或情况。
People cannot but feel puzzled，for they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid mistake.His victory in the final was no more convincing than I had expected．(3)分词作表语分词做表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词做表语，一种是过去分词做表语，这两者区别是考试中经常考到的地方。
一般来说，表示心理状态的动词如excite，interest等都是及物动词，汉语意思不是“激动”，“高兴”，而是“使激动”、“使高兴”，因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”、“令人高兴的”，过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。
所以，凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed形式。
换句话说，若人对……感兴趣，就是somebody is interested in...,若人/物本身有兴趣时，就是说sb./sth.is interesting.这类词常见的有：interesting使人感到高兴--interested感到高兴的exciting令人激动的--excited感到激动的delighting令人高兴的--delighted感到高兴的disappointing令人失望的--disappointed感到失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的--encouraged感到鼓舞的pleasing令人愉快的--pleased感到愉快的puzzling令人费解的--puzzled感到费解的satisfying令人满意的---satisfied感到满意的surprising令人惊异的--surprised感到惊异的worrying令人担心的--worried感到担心的Travelling is interesting but tiring．旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲劳。
The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much．如果要学生学得太多，他们会感到糊涂的。
The argument is very convincing．他的论点很令人信服。
They were very excited at the news．听到这个消息，他们非常激动。
3．不定式和动名词作宾语的区别英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式，也可跟动名词作直接宾语，但有些动词要求：(1)不定式做宾语和宾语补足语1)下面的动词要求不定式做宾语attempt企图enable能够neglect忽视afford负担得起demand要求long渴望arrange安排destine注定mean意欲，打算begin开始expect期望omit忽略，漏appear似乎，显得determine决定manage设法cease停止hate憎恨，厌恶pretend假装ask问dread害怕need需要agree同意desire愿望love爱swear宣誓volunteer志愿wish希望bear承受endeavor努力offer提供beg请求fail不能plan计划bother扰乱；烦恼forget忘记prefer喜欢，宁愿care关心，喜欢happen碰巧prepare准备decide决定learn学习regret抱歉，遗憾choose选择hesitate犹豫profess表明claim要求hope希望promise承诺，允许start开始undertake承接want想要consent同意，赞同intend想要refuse拒绝decide决定learn学习vow起contrive设法，图谋incline有…倾向propose提议seek找，寻觅try试图2)下面的动词要求不定式做宾补：动词+宾语+动词不定式ask要求，邀请get请，得到prompt促使allow允许forbid禁止prefer喜欢，宁愿announce宣布force强迫press迫使bride收买inspire鼓舞request请求assist协助hate憎恶pronounce断定，表示advise劝告exhort告诫，勉励pray请求authorize授权，委托help帮助recommend劝告，推荐bear容忍implore恳求remind提醒beg请求induce引诱report报告compel强迫invite吸引，邀请，summon传唤command命令intend想要，企图show显示drive驱赶mean意欲，打算train训练cause引起instruct指示require要求deserve应受leave使，让tell告诉direct指导like喜欢tempt劝诱entitle有资格order命令warn告诫enable使能够need需要urge激励，力说encourage鼓励oblige不得不want想要condemn指责，谴责lead引起，使得teach教entreat恳求permit允许wish希望(2)有少数动词只能用动名词作宾语acknowledge承认，自认cease停止mention说到，讲到admit承认tolerate忍受dislike不喜欢，讨厌advocate：提倡，主张complete完成dread可怕appreciate感激，欣赏confess坦白endure忍受avoid避免contemplate细想enjoy享有，喜爱bear忍受defer拖延envy嫉妒can't help不禁delay延迟escape逃跑，逃避can't stand受不了deny否认excuse借口consider考虑detest嫌恶fancy幻想，爱好favor造成，偏爱mind介意repent悔悟figure描绘，计算miss错过resent怨恨finish完成，结束不得pardon原谅，饶恕resist抵抗，阻止forgive原谅permit允许resume恢复imagine设想postpone延迟，延期risk冒险involve卷入，包含practise实行，实践suggest建议hate讨厌prevent阻止save营救，储蓄keep保持quit放弃停止stand坚持，忍受loathe非常讨厌，厌恶recall回想例如：I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.我很感激两年前给我出国学习的机会。
(3)有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别1）forget to do忘记要去做某事（此事未做）forget doing忘记做过某事（此事已做过或已发生）2）stop to do停止、中断（某件事），目的是去做另一件事stop doing停止正在或经常做的事3）remember to do记住去做某事（未做）remember doing记得做过某事(已做)4)regret to do对要做的事遗憾regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔5）try to do努力、企图做某事try doing试验、试一试某种办法6)mean to do打算，有意要…mean doing意味着7）go on to do继而（去做另外一件事情）go on doing继续（原先没有做完的事情）8）propose to do打算（要做某事）proposing doing建议（做某事）9)like/love/hate/prefer+to do表示具体行为；+doing sth表示抽象、倾向概念（注)如果这些动词前有should一词，其后宾语只跟不定式，不能跟动名词。