高中英语名词性从句详解
名词性从句—高中英语语法
（1)表语从句?1. 定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句?2. 构成:关联词+简单句
３．引导表语从句的关联词的种类：?（1）从属连词thaｔ。如：?The ｔｒouble is thａt I haｖe loｓt hｉｓaddreｓs. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。?(2）从属连词ｗhetheｒ, as, as if。如:?Ｈe ｌookｅd just as he had lookeｄｔen years befoｒe. 他看起来还与十年前一样。?Ｔhe questｉon is wheｔher thｅy wｉｌl ｂｅaｂle ｔｏhelｐｕs. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。
注:从属连词iｆ一般不用来引导表语从句，但as iｆ却可引导表语从句，如：All this waｓoveｒtｗenｔy yｅars ago, but it's aｓif it was onｌy ｙｅｓｔｅrdａｙ．?这都是２0多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。?能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词ｂe, seeｍ，ｌook等。如:
Iｔlｏoｋed ａsｉf it ｗａs going to rain.看起来天要下雨了。
(3)连接代词who, ｗhoｍ, ｗhｏsｅ, what,which,whoｅｖer, wｈaｔeveｒ, ｗhichever
连接副词where，ｗheｎ，how,ｗhy。
如：Ｔhｅprｏbｌeｍis who wｅcａn gｅt tｏｒepｌａce hｅr.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
Ｔhe quesｔion is hｏw hｅｄｉd it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。?That wａｓwhat she dｉｄthis mornｉng on ｒeacｈinｇｔhe atｔic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
解释:?１. 连词ｂecａuse可引导表语从句。如:
Ｉthiｎｋit is bｅcaｕｓe you arｅdoing too muｃh. 我想这是因为你做得太多。?2. 在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中,谓语动词用虚拟语气。ｓｈoｕｌd+动词原形表示,sｈｏｕｌd可省略。如：
My suggestion is tｈat wｅ（ｓhould）start ｅarly ｔoｍｏrrow.我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
（2)主语从句
1．定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。
2．构成:关联词+简单句?3.引导主语从句的关联词有三类:
(1) 从属连词thａt。如:Thatｔhey were iｎtruth ｓiｓterｓｗas ｃｌeａｒｆroｍｔhｅfａcｉａl rｅsｅmblａnce betｗｅen thｅm.?很明显，她们确是亲姐妹,她们的脸型很相似。
(2) 从属连词whetｈer。如:?Whetheｒhe’ｌｌcｏme here isn’t cｌｅａr. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。?（3) 连接代词who, wｈom, wｈoｓe, whａｔ,whic ｈ，whoeｖer, whａtever，whｉｃhever?连接副词ｗheｒｅ,wｈｅn, hoｗ, whｙ。如:?Wｈａt sｈe diｄis ｎot yeｔｋnowｎ. 她干了什么尚不清楚。?How this hapｐeｎed ｉｓｎot cｌear tｏanyone. 这事怎样发生的,谁也不清
楚。?Wｈｏever comes ｉs wｅlcoｍe. 不论谁来都欢迎。?Ｗｈｅrever yoｕare isｍyｈｏｍe -－-- my only home.你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。
解释:?1. 主语从句能用ｉｔ作形式上的主语。常以iｔ作形式主语的句型有: A. Ｉt+ｂe+形容词(obviouｓ, truｅ, ｎatｕｒal, suｒｐrising，good, wonｄerfｕl, fuｎny, posｓiｂle, likely,cｅｒtaiｎ, ｐroｂable, eｔc.)＋that从句。如:
Ｉｔｉs ｃｅrtain thａt ｓhe wiｌｌｄo ｗell in her exａm. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。?It iｓprｏbａble tｈaｔheｔolｄher eveｒythinｇ．很可能他把一切都告诉她了。?Ｂ．It＋be+名词词组(ｎo wonder，an honouｒ, ａｇo ｏd thinｇ，a pity，no ｓｕｒprise, etc．)+tｈat从句。如：?Iｔ’s ａpiｔy that wｅcan’t ｇo.很遗憾我们不能去。?It’s no sｕrpｒise that our tｅam shｏuld hａｖｅwoｎｔｈｅgaｍe.我们没赢这场比赛真意外。
Ｃ．It+be+过去分词(said,reported, thought, ｅｘpected，dｅciｄed, announ ｃeｄ, ａrranged，eｔc.)+ｔhat从句。如:?It ｉs saiｄtｈatＭr．Green ha ｓaｒriｖedｉｎBeijing. 据说格林先生已经到了北京。
Iｔis repｏｒted tｈaｔＣhina has sent another man-made eartｈsatellｉte ｉnt ｏorbｉt.?据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。
D．Iｔ+seem, ｈappen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如:
Ｉt seｅmｓthaｔAlｉce is not coｍinｇtｏthe paｒty ａt alｌ．Aｌｉｃe似乎不来参加晚会。?It hａpｐenｅd thaｔI was ouｔｔhat day. 碰巧我那天外出了。
Ｅ．Iｔ+doesn’t mattｅr （makeｓno difｆerencｅ, etｃ.)＋连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如：
It ｄoesn’t ｍatterｗhether ｓｈｅwiｌl ｃｏme ｏr not. 她是否来这无关紧要。
It makes no differeｎce ｗｈere wｅｓhall hａvｅｔｈｅmｅeting.我们在哪里开会毫无区别。
F. 当thａt引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以iｔ作形式主语,而把主语从句后置。如：?Is it true that theｓciｅntist ｗiｌl give us a lecｔure ｎext week?下周那位科学家将给我们作报告是真的吗??Ｄoｅs it matｔeｒmｕch that th ｅy wiｌl noｔｃome tomorｒow?他们明天不来很要紧吗?
Ｇ．当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以iｔ作形式主语,而把主语从句后置。如:?How strange it is ｔhat thｅchildreｎare sｏｑuiet! 孩子们这么安静真奇怪!?2．注意连接代词wｈoever,wｈａteveｒ, whichever等引导主语从句的含义Wｈoｅveｒcｏmeｓwｉｌl be ｗｅlcomｅ. (ｗhoever=the perｓonｗｈo) 来的人将受到欢迎。?Ｗｈaｔever he ｄiｄｗas right．(wｈateveｒ=the ｔhing thａｔ)他所做的事情是正确的。?Whｉchｅver of yｏu comes in will rece ｉve a prize. (wｈicｈeveｒ=ａnyone of ｙou wｈｏ)你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖
(3）宾语从句
1．定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
2. 构成：关联词+简单句
3．引导宾语从句的关联词有三类:
(1) 从属连词tｈat。如:
He ｔｏld us that he ｆelｔiｌl．他对我们说他感到不舒服。?I ｋnｏw hｅhas returned. 我知道他已经回来了。?注: thａt在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下,thaｔ不能省略。
1．Ｅverｙｂｏdy coulｄsee whａｔhaｐpened aｎd ｔhａt Tomｗaｓf ｒighteｎed.(and连接两个宾语从句,ｔｈａt宾语从句放在and的后面时,that不能省略。)
大家都会看出所发生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。?2．I ｋnoｗｎotｈiｎg aboｕｔhim ｅxcept tｈat he iｓｆrom tｈeｓoｕｔh.(thａt引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，tｈat不能省略。）
对他我一无所知,只知道他是南方人。?3.Tｈat he eveｒsａid suｃh a ｔhing I ｓimplｙdon’t ｂelieve.（tｈat从句位于句首时，ｔhat不可省略。)?我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。
4. Ｗe decideｄ，in vieｗoｆhis spｅcｉal cirｃuｍstanｃes,that ｗe wo ｕｌd adｍit him for ａpｒobａｔiｏnaｒy pｅｒｉod. (主句谓语动词与thａｔ从句之间有插入语，that不可省略。)?鉴于他的特殊情况，我们决定应允他一段试用期。?(2)从属连词if/ｗhethｅｒ。如：
I doubt whetｈer he ｗilｌｓucceed.我怀疑他是否会成功。?I dｏn’t kｎｏw if you can help mｅ. 我不知道你能否帮助我。?(３)连接代词who,ｗhom，ｗhose, what，wｈich, whoeｖer,whatｅvｅｒ，whｉcheｖｅｒ?连接副词wh ｅｒｅ，ｗhen，how,ｗhy。?如：?Ｗｈo ｏr wｈaｔhe wａs，Marｔｉｎｎever lｅaｒneｄ．
他是什么人？他是干什么的?马丁根本不知道。
I wｏndｅr whaｔhｅ’ｓwriting to me about. 我不知道他要给我写信说什么事。
I’ll telｌyou ｗhy Ｉaskeｄyｏｕto ｃome．我会告诉你我为什么要你来。?Yoｕmａy dｏwhaｔyouｗｉll．你可做任何你想做的事。
(１）介词宾语从句?宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语。如：
He was ｄeｅｐｌy disｐｌeasedｂy wｈａt haｄoccurred thａt dａｙ.?他对那天发生的事感到很不快。
Iｗalked ｏｖer ｔｏwheｒｅshｅsat. 我走向她坐的地方。
I aｍcurious as to whａt hｅwｉlｌsay．我很想知道他要说什么。Your sｕcｃeｓs wiｌl largｅlｙdeｐenｄupｏn ｗｈat ｙｏu do ａnd
ｈow you doｉｔ.
你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。?有时介词可以省略。如:
I don’t ｃarｅ(for) wｈo marries hiｍ.我不管谁跟他结婚。
Bｅcarefｕl (aｓto）how you do that. 你要注意做这件事的方式。
解释：
1.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语,则用ｉt作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如：?We tｈought it stｒaｎｇe that Ｘiao Waｎｇdiｄnｏt comｅyesterdａy. 我们认为小王昨天没来是奇怪的。
He haｓｍade ｉt clear that he wilｌnot give iｎ．
他已表明他不会屈服。
2．作介词的宾语:连词thａt引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语,只用在ｅxcep ｔ, ｂut，iｎ后。其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导，则需用ｉt 先行一步,作形式宾语。如:
He is ａgｏｏd ｓｔuｄｅnt exceｐｔｔhat he is careleｓs.
他是一个好学生，只是有点粗心。?Yoｕｍayｒeｌｙｏn it tｈat I shaｌlｈelp you．你可以指望我会帮助你的。?介词宾语不可以用whiｃh来引导，而要用ｗｈat来引导。如：?Are yoｕｓoｒｒy foｒwｈａt ｙｏu've ｄoｎe? 你为你所做的一切感到内疚吗？
3.某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句,这类形容词或过去分词有suｒｅ，gla ｄ, ｃertaｉn, pleａsｅｄ，ｈａppｙ,afraｉd,sｕrｐrised, satisfiｅｄ等，连词that可省略。如:?I am ｎｏt sure what I ought tｏdo.?我不能确定我该做什么。
Ｉ'm afｒaid yｏu dｏn'ｔｕndeｒsｔaｎd what I said.?恐怕你没领会我说的意思。?I'm ｓurprｉｓed thａt Iｄidn＇ｔｓeｅaｌｌｔhat befoｒe.?我好奇怪,我以前没看到过。
Mother waｓvery pleaseｄｈｅｒdaughtｅr hadｐａssｅd ｔhｅexams．妈妈为她的女儿通过了考试而感到高兴。
4.连词whether (…or ｎｏt)或iｆ引导的宾语从句
ｉf和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用,但whetheｒ常和or not连用,if一般不与ｏr ｎot连用。如：
I wonｄer ｗｈether it ｉｓtｒue or not. 我不知它是真是假。
用iｆ引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义,应避免使用ｉｆ而用ｗhetｅr。试比较:
Pleａsｅｌｅt me know if you want to go.
Pｌeaｓｅlet me know wheｔher you want to go．?if从句可理解为宾语从句,意为“请告诉我你是否想去”；此句又可理解为条件状语从句意为“如果你想去的话，请告诉我一声”。?5．宾语从句的否定转移。在think, believe, suppｏｓe, eｘpｅct等动词后的宾语从句,有时谓语尽管是否定意思,却不用否定形式，而将thｉnk 等动词变为否定形式。如:?I ｄoｎ’ｔthinｋｙoｕａrｅｒiｇｈｔ．我认为你错了。
I doｎ’t ｂelieｖｅthey have finishｅd ｔheiｒwork yet. 我相信他们还未完
成他们的工作。
Iｄon’t ｓｕpｐosｅhe carｅs,ｄoeｓhｅ？我想他不在意,是吗？
6. 宾语从句的时态变化规律：?（1) 当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可根据需要用任何时态。
(2）当主句是一般过去时态时,从句只能使用过去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除外。如：?Tｈe teａchｅr ｓaid that the earth gｏes roｕｎd tｈe ｓuｎ．?老师说地球绕着太阳运行。
（4)同位语从句
1．定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。?2．用法：同位语从句的先行词多为ｆact, neｗs，ｉdeａ，tｈought,question, rｅpｌy, rｅpｏrt, rｅmar
ｋ等，关联词多用从属连词tｈat。如:?Theｙwerｅａll veryｍuch wｏrｒied oｖer the faｃt thaｔｙou wｅre sｉck.?对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。?Wh ｅre diｄyou geｔｔhｅideａｔｈaｔI could not coｍｅ?
你在哪儿听说我不能来？?Earlｙiｎｔｈe day came the neｗs that Ｇer
ｍany hａｄdeclared war ｏn Ruｓsia.
德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。
注:同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whetheｒ引导。如：?I ｈave nｏidea whetｈeｒhe’lｌcoｍe or nｏt.我不知道他是否来。?连接代词who，whicｈ,ｗhat 和连接副词wheｒe, when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句。
Tｈe questioｎwho shoｕld do the ｗｏrｋreqｕｉres consｉderａtiｏn.?谁
该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。
We hａven＇t yet settled the qｕeｓｔｉon wｈeｒｅｗｅaｒe gｏiｎg to s
ｐｅnd our sumｍer vａcａtｉon.
到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。
It ｉs a quｅsｔionｈｏw he ｄiｄｉt.?那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
解释:
1.ｔｈaｔ引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别
thａt引导的同位语从句?that引导的定语从句?句法功能上
tｈａｔ只起连接从句的作用,无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。?thａt替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用,还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。?意义上
从句是被修饰名词的内容。
从句起限定作用，是定语?如:The newｓｔhat Mr．Li wｉlｌbe ｏur nｅw Engliｓｈtｅacｈｅr is ｔrue. (同位语从句，thａt不可省。)?李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。
The ｎｅws (that)he ｔｏld me yesterdayｉs ｔｒue. (定语从句，tｈat在从句中作told的宾语,可省。)
他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。?2．一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气shouｌd＋动词原形表示。sｈould可省。如：?Thｉｓis our ｏnｌy reｑｕｅst tｈaｔthｉs（ｓｈouｌd)ｂe seｔｔled
ａs sｏon as poｓsible．?这就是我们唯一的请求:尽快解决这个问题。
测试：
A．用适当的连接词填空：
１. Ｉt worried her a ｂit her hａir wａs turｎiｎｇgraｙ.?2．I have nｏidea
ｗe ｃaｎdo with ｔhese wastｅmaterials.
３. ｔhe ｄoctor ｒeaｌｌy doubtｓis my mother will reｃover froｍtｈe
ｓerioｕｓdiseaｓe soon．?4. Ｉt ｉsｈoｐｅd naturｅwill nｅｖer be d ｅstｒoｙed.
5.do ｙｏu gｕｅssｗilｌgive a talｋon Enｇlish tomorroｗ?
6．-－-- Iｄroｖe tｏＺhuｈai fｏｒtｈe ａiｒｓhoｗlasｔｗｅ
ek.?---- Is ｔｈat you haｄa fｅw dayｓｏｆf?
7．Ｗord cameＩwas wａntｅd at thｅoｆｆice.?8. Dｏyou know of the ｍwill be ｏur neｗheadmａｓter??9．The ｔeacher ｄidn'ｔｔell me ｗe ｗｅre wrong.
1０. It＇ｓgenerally considｅrｅd ｕnwise to ｇiveａcｈild he or sｈe wants.
B.单项选择：
1．It wａs truｅAlice dｉd ｓｕrpｒｉseｄheｒｍothｅr.?A．thaｔＢ. what C．thaｔ, ｗhaｔ D. what，that
2. Ｄｏes mａtｔeｒmuch he ｃａn't coｍe to ｔhe meeｔing.
A．iｔ, if Ｂ. thａt, if Ｃ．it，whethｅr D. ｔhis, whｅther?3.--－-What ａre ｙou ａnxioｕs abouｔ?－-－- ．
Ａ．How can we sucｃｅｅd B. Wｈeｔher wｅcan sｕcceeｄ
C.When cａｎｗe suｃceｅd
D. Tｈat wｅcaｎsｕｃcｅｅd?4. The reａson ｔhe littｌｅaｃtress has bｅｅｎsuch a ｓuｃｃｅss ｉs ｓｈe iｓboth clevｅr and hard－wｏｒking.?A．whｙ, ｗhｙB. why,ｔｈａt Ｃ. that，ｂecause Ｄ.for, ｂｅcａｕｓｅ?５. lｅavｅsｔhe roｏｍlaｓt ｏught to tｕrn oｆf thｅligｈts.
A．Who B．WhoｅveｒC. Anyone D．Ｔhe ｐersｏn
6．Ｉrｅaｌly don'ｔknow _______＿____ I hａd thｉｓphotｏtaken．?A．whｅre it waｓthａtＢ. it waｓthａt C.wherｅｉt waｓＤ. it was ｗhy
7.Ｄｒ. Blａckｃomes frｏm ｅｉtｈer Oxｆordｏr Cａmｂridge．I can't remember .?A. ｗｈｅre Ｂ．theｒe C．which D.thａｔ
8. -－--What do you ｔhiｎk oｆCｈina? ---difｆereｎt lｉfｅｉｓtodaｙｆrｏm iｔuｓｅd tｏbe.
A. Ｈoｗ，whaｔ
B. Wｈat，ｗhatＣ. How，ｔhat D．What, thａt
9．Gｉve thiｓtoｙou ｔhink can do thｅwoｒｋwell.
Ａ．wｈｏ B.ｗhｏm C. whoever Ｄ. whomeveｒ
10. tｒoｕｂｌｅs me ｉs I can'ｔleaｒｎallｔhesｅＥngｌish iｄioｍｓb
ｙheart．
A. That，thａｔＢ. Ｗhaｔ, what C. That, wｈａt Ｄ．Whａt，thａt?答案:
Ａ. 1. thaｔ 2. what３. wｈat, whｅthｅr 4. that
5. who６. ｗhy ７.tｈat 8. ｗhich
9.wheｒｅ10.ｗｈａtever?Ｂ. 1-５CＡBBB 6-１0ACAＣD
（５)同位语从句
1．定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。?２. 用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea,thougｈｔ,ｑuｅstion,rｅｐly, repoｒt, remark等,关联词多用从属连词ｔhat。如：?Tｈey wｅrｅalｌｖｅｒｙmuｃh ｗｏrried oveｒtｈe fact that yｏuｗerｅsｉcｋ.
对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。
Wherｅdid you get the ideａｔhat Ｉｃoｕｌdｎｏt comｅ??你在哪儿听说我不能来？?Eaｒｌy in the day cａme the newｓthａtＧｅrｍａｎy ｈad dｅclareｄwar oｎＲuｓｓia.
德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。
注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词ｗｈｅther引导。如:
I hａｖe nｏideａｗｈether he’ｌｌcome oｒｎｏt.我不知道他是否来。?连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where,wheｎ, why, hoｗ亦可引导同位语从句。?Tｈe quesｔion whｏｓhｏuｌd do the ｗorｋreｑuires conｓideration．?谁该干这项工作,这个问题需要考虑。
Wｅhａven't yeｔsettｌed the ｑuｅstｉｏn wheｒe ｗe ａre goiｎｇｔo
ｓpｅｎd ｏur ｓummeｒvacatiｏｎ．
到哪儿去度暑假,这个问题我们还没有决定。
Iｔiｓa question how he did it.?那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
解释:
１．that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别
ｔhaｔ引导的同位语从句
ｔhat引导的定语从句
句法功能上
ｔhat只起连接从句的作用，无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。?that 替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用,还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。
意义上?从句是被修饰名词的内容。
从句起限定作用，是定语?如：Ｔhe nｅws that Mr. Li wilｌbeｏur nｅｗEn ｇlisｈtｅａchｅr is ｔrｕｅ.(同位语从句，tｈaｔ不可省。）?李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。?The ｎews (that) hｅtｏlｄｍe yesｔerda ｙｉs true. (定语从句，tｈａt在从句中作ｔold的宾语，可省。)
他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。
2．一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气shoｕld＋动词原形表示。shｏulｄ可省。如:?This iｓｏuｒonly requｅst that ｔｈｉs (sｈｏuｌd)bｅsetｔled ａｓsoｏn as ｐoｓsｉｂｌｅ.
这就是我们唯一的请求:尽快解决这个问题。
测试：
A. 用适当的连接词填空:
1．Ｉt woｒｒiｅｄherａbiｔheｒhaｉr was tuｒnｉng grａy.?2.I ｈａve no idｅa wｅcａn do ｗith these wａｓte materｉａls.?3. ｔhｅdｏc
ｔor reａllｙdoubts is mｙmotheｒwｉlｌｒecover ｆrｏm tｈe serｉous ｄisｅase sooｎ．?4. Ｉt ｉｓｈoｐｅd nature will neｖeｒbｅdｅstroyed.?5. do you ｇuess will give a talk on Ｅnglish tｏmorrｏw??6. ----I drｏve to Zhuｈai for the aiｒshｏw ｌast week.
－--- Iｓｔhat you ｈadａfeｗdays oｆf??7. Ｗord came I ｗaｓwａnted at the office．?8. Do ｙoｕknowｏf them ｗill be our nｅw heａdｍas ｔer?
9．Thｅteacher dｉdn＇t tｅll me wｅweｒe wrong.?
10．It'sｇｅneｒa ｌlｙcoｎsidｅred uｎwiｓｅtｏgiｖe aｃhild ｈe ｏｒshe wants.
B. 单项选择：?1. It was true Aｌｉce ｄiｄsｕｒpriｓed hｅr ｍｏｔher.?A. ｔｈａt B. what
C. that，whaｔD．whａt, thａt
2．Ｄoes maｔtｅr mucｈｈｅcaｎ＇ｔcome tｏｔhｅｍｅetｉng．
A．iｔ, ｉfＢ.ｔhａt,if C．ｉt, whetｈer D. tｈis, whｅtheｒ
3. －---Ｗｈat are yoｕanｘious about? -－-- .?A．How can we succeed B. Whether we caｎsucｃｅed
C. Ｗhen cａn wｅｓuｃcｅed
D. Tｈaｔwe can suｃceed
4．Ｔｈe rｅaｓon ｔｈe liｔtle actｒｅssｈas been sucｈ a suｃcess isｓhe ｉｓbｏth cｌｅver and haｒd－woｒｋｉng．?A．ｗhｙ, whｙB. why, tha ｔC. ｔhａｔ,beｃause D. ｆor,because
5．leavｅs the roomｌaｓt ougｈｔto turn off tｈｅlights.
A．Who B. Whoever Ｃ．Anyoｎe Ｄ. Ｔhe peｒsoｎ?6．I reａllｙdoｎ't ｋnoｗ___＿__＿_＿___I hａd ｔhis ｐｈoto tａkｅｎ．?A. where it was t ｈａt B．iｔwaｓthat C．wｈereｉt ｗａs D. ｉｔwａs why?7．Dr. ＢlａcｋｃomｅｓfroｍeｉtｈｅrＯxford ｏr Cambriｄgｅ. I can't reｍembeｒ.
A. ｗheｒｅ
B. theｒe C．ｗｈich Ｄ. thaｔ?8. ----Wｈaｔdo you thｉｎk of China? ---differｅｎｔlifｅis tｏday frｏｍit usｅd to bｅ.?A．Hｏw,ｗh ａt Ｂ. Wｈat, ｗhａｔ
C. How，that
D. What，thａt
9. Gｉvｅthiｓto you think ｃan do the work wｅｌl．
Ａ. wｈｏ B.wｈom C. whoevｅr D. whｏmｅveｒ?１０. trｏubles mｅis
Ｉcａn't leａrn all tｈｅse Eｎgｌｉsh idｉｏms ｂｙheａｒt.
A. Ｔhaｔ, ｔhat B．What, whaｔＣ. That，what D. What, ｔhaｔ?答案:
Ａ. 1.ｔhaｔ 2.wｈat 3. what, wｈeｔher4．that
5. who
6. ｗｈy 7．ｔhａｔ8.which
９.whｅrｅ10. whatｅver?Ｂ. 1-5 ＣABＢB6－１0AＣACD
(完整)高中英语-状语从句练习题及答案详解
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高考冲刺 高中英语“从句篇”语法专题汇总
高考冲刺高中英语“从句篇”语法专 题汇总 距离高考的日子掰着手指头也能数清了。将高中英语所有语法专题总结在一起，供大家系统学习。 从句篇 定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略） who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 whom 指人在从句中作宾语 whose 指人或物在从句中作定语 as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语
注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which或 of which+the+名词 2、as 的用法 （1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个 （2）as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。 Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。 注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,
as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 c、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。 3、but用作关系代词，相当于who/that…not 例：In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng. 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为 all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 5、当先行词是数词时. 6、当先行词既指人又指物时。 7、如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个关系代词则宜用 that。
高中英语语法定语从句总结全
高中英语定语从句详解 Ⅰ、概念: (１) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语得从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词（antｅcedｅｎt)后面。 (2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰得成份。先行词可以为一个词,短语，或整个主句。 (3)引导定语从句得词叫关系词,分为关系代词与关系副词。 关系词得作用: 1) 引导定语从句，连接主句与从句,相当于一个连词; ２) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语，状语) 常用得关系代词: ｔhat、wｈｉcｈ、wｈo、whom、wｈosｅ,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，关系代词可以省略。 常用得关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when(时间状语）、why(原因状语)、wｈe ｒｅ（地点状语） 可以修饰人得关系代词:thａt, ｗho，wｈｏｍ,whosｅ 可以修饰事得关系代词:tｈat, whｉcｈ, as，whose, The studeｎt who answerｅd ｔhe ｑuestion was John、 Ｉkｎow thｅｒeasoｎwhy he wａｓso angｒy、 The bｏy （wｈom) ｙou are taｌkｉnｇｔo is myｂrotｈｅｒ、 Ｉ'd likｅ a ｒoｏｍwhose window fａｃesｔｈe sea、 定语从句三步： 第一找出先行词; 第二瞧先行词在定语从句中得语法功能（做主语、宾语、表语或状语); 第三选择合适得关系词。 Ⅱ、几个关系代词得基本用法: ●tｈat:可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。(指人时,相当于whｏ或wｈｏｍ;指物时,相当于whiｃh)（一般不用于非限制性定语从句；不可置于介词后作宾语) 如: 1、A lｅtteｒthaｔ／which is wrｉtｔen in peｎcｉl is diffiｃult ｔo ｒead、（主语) 2、Do yｏu kｎｏw tｈe gentleman ｔhａｔ/ｗｈｏspoke just ｎｏw? 3、Ｙou can takｅａnything ( ｔhat)you like、(宾语) 4、Whaｔｉs thｅquestiｏｎ(ｔhat/whｉｃh) they aｒｅｔalｋing about? 5、Hｅreｉs theｍan （wｈo／whom/ｔhat) yｏu want tｏsee、 6、Ｓhe＇s no longeｒthe girl( that) sｈeｕsｅd to ｂe befｏre、（表语） 7、Ｏuｒhometｏwn iｓno ｌonger ｔhｅoｎe (thａt)it usｅｄto ｂe、(=Ｏｕr homeｔｏｗn iｓｎot tｈe sａｍe as it uｓed tｏｂe、 = Our hｏmｅtｏwn is diffeｒenｔfrom what iｔｕｓｅｄtｏｂe。 =Ouｒhometｏｗn ｉs notｗhａt it uｓed to ｂe、) ●which：指物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语。如： 1、Thｅboｏk which/thａｔwas ｏn the ｄeｓkｗａsｂought bｙｍy fatｈer、(主语) 2、Tｈｅboｏk(whiｃh/tｈaｔ) Ｉｂｏught yesteｒdaｙｉs very
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1. Tim is in good shape physically ________ he does n't get much exercise. A. if B. even though C. uni ess D. as long as 2. The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school duri ng the day, _____ accompa nied by an adult. A. once B. whe n C. if D. uni ess 3. ___ you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge. A. However a serious problem B. What a serious problem C. However serious a problem D. What serious a problem 4. Because of the heavy traffic , it was already time for lunch break ________ she got to her office . A . si nee B .that C . when D . until - 】Joh n thinks it won 't be long he is ready for his new job. A. whe n B. after C. before D. since 6. Today, we will begin we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out. A. whe n B. where C. how D. what 7. She had just finished her homework her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. A. whe n B. while C. after D. since 8. My pare nts don ' t mind what job I do I am happy. A. even though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though 9. You can ' t borrow books from the school library ______ you get your student card. A. before B. if C. while D. as 10. All the dishes in this menu, ______ otherwise stated, will serve two to three people. A. as B. if C. though D. unl ess 11. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone __ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. A. if B. whe n C. which D. since 12. ___ u nemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former. 13. — Did you return Fred ' s call? 16. __________ in the fields on a March after noon , he could feel the warmth of spri ng. A . To walk B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked 17. Na ncy enjoyed herself so much she visited her friends in Sydney last year. A.that B.which C.whe n D.where 18. You ' d better not leave the medici ne kids can get at it. A.eve n if B.which C.where D.so that 19. I won ' t call you , ________________ something unexpected happens. A.u nless B.whether C.because D.while 20. — Where' s that report? A. Before B. Where C. U nless D. Until —I didn ' t need to I ' ll see him tomorrow. A. though B. unl ess 14. _I ' m sorry you ' ve been waiting so long , Brian gets back. A. before B. since C. till C. whe n D. because but it ' ll still be some time _____ D. after 15. We ll have a picnic in the park this Sun day ____ ____ it rains or it ' s very cold. A.si nee B. if C. unl ess D. un til
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定语从句 一、基本概念 1．定语从句：在一个主从复合句中修饰某一个名词、代词或修饰整个主句的从句叫定语从句。换句话说，定语从句就是用来作定语的句子。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。先行词前一般用the ，但在指“一个”概念时可用a , an 。 3．关系代词/ 关系副词：连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词，根据其在从句中作用分为关系代词或关系副词。若先行词在从句中作主语、宾语和定语等，应用关系代词引导定语从句；若先行词在从句中作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语等，应用关系副词引导定语从句。 4．定语从句的位置：一般紧跟在先行词后面。但有时因句子结构的需要，定语从句和先行词被某些成分隔开。 5．引导定语从句的关系词分为二类： 关系代词：that, which ,who, whom ,whose , as 关系副词：when, where, why 二、基本用法
2．使用关系代词时应注意的几个问题： a. 在以下几种情况下只使用that不用which。 1.先行词是不定代词时，如: all, anything, everything, nothing, something, little, few, much。 1.I told him all (that) I know. 2.He gave her everything (that) he had. 2.先行词被all, every, any, the very, the only, the just等修饰时。 1.I have read all the books (that) you gave me. 2.You can take any book (that) you like. 3.先行词被序数词和形容词的最高级修饰时。 1. This is the best book (that) I have ever read. 2. The second place (that) I want to visit is Shanghai. 4.先行词既有人又有物时。 1.We talked about the persons and things (that) we remember in the school. 2.The people and the animals that were killed in the earthquake have all been found. 5.在Who, Which引起的疑问句中。 1. Who is the boy that helped you? 2. Which is the book (that) you bought yesterday? 6. 若有两个定语从句，一个用which引导，另一个须用that引导。 He bought a book which could give him knowledge and that could help to kill the time. 7. 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。 Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be. b.在以下几种情况下只使用which 不用that。 1. 引导非限制性定语从句时。 I have lost my pen, which I like very much. (which 作宾语，指代主句中的pen) New concept English is intended for foreign students, which is known to all of us. (which作主语，指代整个主句) 2. 若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是which，另一个须用that。 The book (that) he bought yesterday was the one (which) he liked best. 3. 先行词在句中作介词宾语且介词前置时。 This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. c.当先行词为指人的关系代词时,引导词只用who 不用that。 1. 先行词为all, anyone, one / ones, those, people 时，须用who。 1. Anyone who knows how to do it can do it now. 2. Those who want to see the film please put up your hands. 3. He, who does not reach the Great Wall, is not a true man. 2. 在非限制性定语从句中，须用who。 Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard. 3. 在被分隔的定语从句中，须用who。 A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German. 4. 在以there be开头的句子中，多用who。 There is a stranger who wants to see our headmaster. 5. 若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是that，另一个须用who。 The student who was praised at the meeting is the monitor that studies very hard.
高中英语定语从句知识点难点与考点解析
高中英语语法重点难点回顾――定语从句 用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词 句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句 代替人代替物代替人或物 主语Who which that 主语Whom which that 宾语Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which) 例1：This is the detective who came from London. 例2：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy. 例3：The desk whose leg is broken is very old. 例4：This is the room that Shakespeare was born in. 2．关系代词的用法 (1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如： All the people that are present burst into tears. (2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。例如： (3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如： There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom are well educated. (4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如：He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. (5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。 (6) which可作表语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征．品性或才能的人。Which 引导的定语从句可以限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。 (7) 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who。 (8) 先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that。例如： The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely. (9) 如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用who 或whom，不用which。例如：Is there anyone here who will go with you? 3．“介词＋关系代词“是一个普遍使用的结构
高中英语语法大全
（1）表语从句 1．定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导表语从句的关联词的种类： (1) 从属连词that。如： The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。 (2) 从属连词whether, as, as if。如： He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。 注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如： All this was over twenty years ago, but it's as if it was only yesterday. gh能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。如： It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。 连接副词 where, when, how, why。 如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。 That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 解释： 1．连词because可引导表语从句。如： I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。 2．在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如： My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。（2）主语从句 1．定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导主语从句的关联词有三类： (1) 从属连词that。如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 (2) 从属连词whether。如： Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。 (3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。如： What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。 解释： 1．主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有： A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如： It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。 B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that
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高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关
(完整word版)高中英语状语从句用法详细解析
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牛津高一英语定语从句专项练习
定语从句专项练习一．Choose the best answer. 1．All ____ should be done has been done. A. what B. which C. that D. whatever 2．I, ____ your best friend, will try my best to help you. A. who is B. who am C. that is D. which am 3．Leilei is the girl _____ pronunciation is the best in our class. A. whose B. who C. who’s D. that 4．Can you lend me the book ______ the other day A. you talked about it B. that you talked C. about that you talked D. you talked about 5．The two old friends talked about the persons and places _____ impressed them most. A. which B. who C. where D. that 6．These articles are written in simple language, _____ makes it easy to read. A. that B. this C. which D. it 7．My father works in the factory _____ this type of truck is made. A. in where B. in which C. from which D. of which 8．He is the man to _____ I gave the money. A. who B. whom C. which D. that 9．The very thing _____ brought about a complete change in her life was
英语所有从句大全
高中英语从句大全 1）表语从句 1.定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2.构成：关联词+简单句 3.引导表语从句的关联词的种类： （1）从属连词that.如： The trouble is that I have lost his address.麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。 （2）从属连词whether，as，as if.如： He looked just as he had looked ten years before.他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question is whether they will be able to help us.问题是他们是否能帮我们。 注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如： All this was over twenty years ago，but it’s as if it was only yesterday. 这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。 能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be，seem，look等。如： It looked as if it was going to rain.看起来天要下雨了。 （3）连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever 连接副词where，when，how，why. 如：The problem is who we can get to replace her.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it.问题是他是如何做此事的。 That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 解释： 1.连词because可引导表语从句。如： I think it is because you are doing too much.我想这是因为你做得太多。 2.在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如： My suggestion is that we （should）start early tomorrow.我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。2）主语从句 1.定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2.构成：关联词+简单句 3.引导主语从句的关联词有三类： （1）从属连词that.如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 （2）从属连词whether.如： Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。 （3）连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever 连接副词where，when，how，why.如： What she did is not yet known.她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone.这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome.不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are is my home —— my only home.你所在的任何地方就是我的家——我