船级社船级符号简表
船级社船级符号简表
船舶入级符号及附加标志(老)概要
船舶入级符号及附加标志 如果船体（包括设备）未能入级时，船舶机械（包括电气设备）也不能入级 船舶入级符号及附加标志（包括设备） 一、入级符号： 1、船体（包括设备） ★ZCA：表示船体在本船级社监督下建造，符合《规范》要求，并保持良好有效的技术状态，适宜于海上航行。 ★ZCA：表示船体在所承认的船级社监督下建造，但经本船级社检验和审查，认为符合本社要求，适宜于海上航行。 2、推进机械及重要辅助机械（包括电气设备） ★ZCM：表示船舶推进机械及重要辅助机械在本船级社检验下按照《规范》进行建造、安装和试验。 ★ZCM：表示船舶推进机械及重要辅助机械本社承认的船级社监督下按照相当的《规范》进行建造，但在本船级社检验下进行安装和试验。 ★ZCM：表示船舶推进机械及重要辅助机械不在本船级社检验下进行建造、安装和试验，但经本社检验、试验和审核，认为可以接受。 3、货物冷藏装置的入级 ★ZCR：表示货物冷藏装置在本社监督下，按照《规范》有关规定进行建造、安装和试验，并处于良好和有效的技术状态。
★ZCR：表示货物冷藏装置在本社承认的船级社监督下进行建造、安装和试验，但经本社检验、试验和审核，认为符合本社的入级要求。 二、附加标志 1、船体（包括设备）的附加标志有： 1）船舶类型附加标志； 2）特种任务附加标志； 3）航区限制附加标志； 4）特定航线附加标志； 5）冰区加强附加标志B、B1、B2、B3和B1*分别表示为：B－为除大块固定冰以外的漂流浮冰；B1*－为最严重的 冰况；B1－为严重的冰况；B2－为中等冰况；B3－为轻 度冰况。 2、船舶机械（包括电气设备）入级符号后的附加标志有： 1）AUT－0：加注于能由驾驶台控制站进行遥控运行的推进机械装置，机器处所集中控制站可周期无人值班。 2）AUT－1：加注于能由驾驶台控制站进行遥控运行的推进机械装置，机器处所集中控制站需要有人值班。 3）MCC：加注于能机器处所集中控制站进行控制运行的推进机械装置。 4）BRC：加注于能由驾驶台控制站进行遥控运行的推进机械装置，机器处所有人值班。
各国船级社名称
世界各国船级社 ①Det Norske Veritas 挪威船级社。缩写为D.N.V. ②Germanischer Lloyd 德国船级社。缩写为G.L. ③American Bureau of Shipping 美国船级社。缩写为A.B.S. ④Nippon Kaiji Kyokai 日本船级社。缩写为N.K. ⑤Lloyd’s Register of Shipping 劳埃德船级社。英国船级社。世界最早成立的船级社。英国劳氏协会缩写：L.R.
⑥ Registro Italiano Navale 意大利船级社。缩写为R.I.N.A. ⑦ Bureau Veritas 法国船级社。缩写为B.V. ⑧China Classification Society 中国船级社。缩写为 C.C.S. ⑨ Russian Maritime Register of Shipping 俄罗斯船级社缩写为R.S. ⑩ Korean Register of Shipping 韩国船级社。缩写为：K.R.
India Register of Shipping 印度船级社缩写为：I.R.S. Hellenic Register of Shipping 希腊船级社缩写为：H.R.S. The Australian Maritime Safety Authority 澳大利亚船舶登记局 A.M.S.A. Polish Register of Shipping 波兰船舶登记局缩写为：P.R.S. PT. Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia (Persero) 印度尼西亚船级社缩写为：B.K.I. Bulgaria Register of Shipping 保加利亚船舶登记局缩写为：B.R.S.或 B.K.R. Egyptian Register of Shipping 埃及船舶登记局缩写为：E.R.S Ukrainian Register of Shipping 乌克兰船级社缩写为：U.R.S或R.U. Croatian Register of Shipping 克罗地亚船舶登记局缩写为：C.R.S Yugoslav Register of Shipping Bureau 南斯拉夫船舶登记局缩写为：J.R. Czech Register of Shipping Bureau 捷克船舶登记局缩写为：C.S.L.R. Romanian Register of Shipping Bureau 罗马尼亚船舶登记局缩写为：R.N. Serbian Register of Shipping 塞尔维亚船级社缩写为：S.R.S. The Philippine Register of Shipping, Inc. 菲律宾船级社缩写为：P.R.S. Vietnam Register 越南船级社缩写为：V.R. International Association of Classification Societies (I.A.C.S.) 国际船级社联合会。由主要船级社组成的协会，主要宗旨是改善海上安全标准。
ABS船级社-2015MODU规范-1
RULES FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING MOBILE OFFSHORE DRILLING UNITS 2015 NOTICES AND GENERAL INFORMATION American Bureau of Shipping Incorporated by Act of Legislature of the State of New York 1862 Copyright 2014 American Bureau of Shipping ABS Plaza 16855 Northchase Drive Houston, TX 77060 USA
Notices and General Information CONTENTS Introduction (1) TABLE 1 Applicable Editions of Booklets Comprising 2015 Rules (2) TABLE 2 Division and Numbering of Rules (2) Rule Change Notice (2015) (3) TABLE 3 Summary of Changes from the 2014 Rules (3) .2015 ii ABS RULES FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING MOBILE OFFSHORE DRILLING UNITS
Notices and General Information Introduction 1.The year 2015 edition of the Rules for Building and Classing Mobile Offshore Drilling Units consists of the nine (9) booklets as shown in Table 1. The purpose of the generic title ABS Rules for Conditions of Classification – Offshore Units and Structures (Part 1)is to reflect the expanded contents of PART 1, as a result of including consolidated requirements for “Classification” applicable to all types of offshore units, pipelines, risers, and other offshore structures, as specified in the Foreword to Part 1. With regard to Part 2, the purpose of the generic title ABS Rules for Materials and Welding is to emphasize the common applicability of the requirements to ABS-classed vessels, other marine structures and their associated machinery, and thereby make PART 2 more readily a common “PART” of various ABS Rules and Guides, as appropriate. 2.The numbering system applied in the Rules is shown in Table 2. 3.The primary changes from the 2014 edition of the Rules are identified and listed in Table 3. The effective date of the indicated Rule Changes is 1 January 2015, unless specifically indicated otherwise. 4.The effective date of each technical change since 1993 is shown in parenthesis at the end of the subsection/paragraph titles within the text of each Part. Unless a particular date and month are shown, the years in parentheses refer to the following effective dates: (2000) and after 1 January 2000 (and subsequent years) (1996) 9 May 1996 (1999) 12 May 1999 (1995) 15 May 1995 (1998) 13 May 1998 (1994) 9 May 1994 (1997) 19 May 1997 (1993) 11 May 1993 5.Until the next edition of the Rules for Building and Classing Mobile Offshore Drilling Units is published, Rule Change Notices and/or Corrigenda, as necessary, will be published on the ABS website – www. https://www.360docs.net/doc/4c11684214.html, – only, and will be available free for downloading. It is not intended to publish hard copies of future Rule Change Notices and/or Corrigenda to existing Rules or Guides. The consolidated edition of the Rules for Building and Classing Mobile Offshore Drilling Units, which includes Rule Change Notices and/or Corrigenda using different colors for easy recognition will be published on the ABS website only when RCN and/or Corrigenda are issued. 6.The listing of CLASSIFICATION SYMBOLS AND NOTATIONS is available from the ABS website https://www.360docs.net/doc/4c11684214.html, for download. .2015 1 ABS RULES FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING MOBILE OFFSHORE DRILLING UNITS
船级社
船级社 货运主与承担海上保险业务的水运保险商要求保证任何一条船舶在结构上能适应预期的航行。为了使货运主或水运保险商能区分船舶的优劣，在过去200年左右的时间内已经形成了船级系统，并且已建立起可靠的组织用来进行船舶的初始和后续检验，以便对船舶能否入级和维持级别作出估价。 主要的海运国家有下列船级社： 英国——劳埃德船级社（劳氏船级社） 法国——法国船级社（法国验船局） 德国——德国劳氏船级社 挪威——挪威船级社 意大利——意大利船级社 美国——美国船级社（美国验船局） 俄罗斯——俄罗斯船舶登记局 日本——日本海事协会 韩国——韩国船级社 中国——中国船级社 波兰——波兰船舶登记局 这些船级社各自出版他们自己的规范。规范主要是涉及船舶强度，规定适当数量的设备及机械的可靠程度。船舶可按照某一特定的船级社规范在任何一国建造，但所按照的规范不一定是所在建造国的船级社规范。虽然船舶入级不是强制性的，但拥有没有入级船舶的船东应使政府有关管理机构相信该船舶对于勘定的载重线具有足够的强度，并应持有一份结构安全证书。 这里仅详细叙述一下历史最悠久的英国劳氏船级社的要求，LR成立于1760年，1834年重建，1949年与不列颠公司合并。当时在英国只有不列颠公司是另设的一个船级社。按照劳氏船级社规范或相当标准建造的钢质船将在船名录中授予一个船级；只要他们保持符合规范要求，就可以继续授予船级。 劳氏船级社的船级符号 船级符号100A1是授予针对所需吃水、按船级社规范而建造的海船的。这个符号也可授予为专门目的而设计的船舶，但在符号后面应对专门目的予以注明，例如：100A1油船，100A1液化气运输船，100A1矿砂船，100A1拖网渔船，及100A1拖船等。也有针对限制航区或专门目的的船级符号100A1，这种船级授予拟在限定区域内航行或为了专门目的而设计的海船，它将在船名录中予以注明。另外，有针对限制航区的船级符号A1，这种船级符号拟授予只在特定的遮蔽水域，例如：港口、内河等范围内运行的船舶，这也将在船名录中注明。要在船名录中注明的其他船级符号还包括：特殊货物，表明船舶已许可装运特殊性质的货物；特殊性能，表明在设计或结构以及机械等方面具有特殊性能的船舶已获得许可；腐蚀控制，表明已经采用了认可的腐蚀控制方法，且允许结构尺寸减少。规范中详细规定了四类船级的冰区加强，哪一类最适合要求应由船主选择。 冰级1*拟在最严重的冰区内航行的船舶 冰级1拟在严重的冰区内航行的船舶 冰级2拟在中等冰区内航行的船舶 冰级3拟在轻度冰区内航行的船舶 授予某一船舶的船级符号中的数字1表示锚设备、锚链和钢缆处于良好和有效状态，并符合规范要求。当这些设备不符合规范要求，但船级社认为对特定航区可以接受时，他们可以同意除去数字1，并在符号后面加上一划，即100A—。有些船舶因特定航区或特殊目
各国船级社规范简介
各国船级社规范简介 从十八、十九世纪世界航海事业日益兴旺以来，船舶、海上设施的制造及航海中的安全、保险等事项要求对船舶及其相关行业建立统一的组织及有效的标准和管理。航海事业发达的英国首先成立了英国船级社。发布了劳埃德船级社规范(LR)，之后各国也都成立了本国的船级社。各国船级社的性质、主要业务，由于其服务对象的相同所以也都大同小异。现以中国船级社(CCS)为例作简单介绍： 中国船级社是一个“为社会利益服务的专业技术团体”，它的服务宗旨是“通过对船舶、海上设施、船用产品和集装箱提供合理和安全可靠的入级规范和／或技术标准，并通过本社的检验工作和技术咨询，为航运、海上开发及相关的制造业和保险业服务，为促进海上人命和财产的安全与保护海洋环境服务，不以营利为目的。”它的主要业务有：“制订各种船舶、海上设施、船用产品和集装箱的入级规范和／或技术标准”；“对各种船舶、海上设施、船用产品和集装箱进行检验，并签发相应的证书和必要的文件”；“参与有关标准的实施”等(其它业务因与我们基本无关故略)。 中国船级社所制订的最主要的规范是《钢质海船入级与建造规范》(以下简称《规范》)，该规范涉及船舶的设计、材料、船用电器、焊接等全部制造过程，成为船舶及其产品设计、制造、检验及使用的依据。规范的制订是由船级社专家、船东及海上设施的业主、保险商、制造业、设计单位和高等院校等多方面专家组成的船级社技术委员会进行审议的。 《规范》的第9篇为材料篇，它的通则中规定“用于船体、机械、锅炉和受压容器等的材料和产品的制造、试验和检验，应符合本篇有关规定，并应具备完整的合格证件”；“所有经本社认可或检验合格的材料和产品均应标上本社的标志”；“造船或造机工厂应向本社认可的工厂订购船用材料和产品”；“工厂及其生产的船用材料和产品，应按本社认为适用的程序，进行型式认可或工厂认可。”在材料篇第3章《钢板、扁钢与型钢》中，详细规定了船体用钢板的制造方法、厚度公差、一般强度钢和高强度钢的等级(牌号)、化学成分、交货状态、力学性能、取样、组批等技术要求。综合上述内容，其实质是：船厂在购买船体用钢板时必须向经过工厂认可的铜板生产厂购买符合船规规定并标有船级社标志的钢板产品，只有这样才能得到驻厂验船师认可而使所生产的船舶通过检验取得人级证书。反之。钢板生产厂取得船级社认可，并将其产品经验船师检验后标上船级社标志是向船厂供货的必要前提条件。从此也很清楚地说明了钢板生产厂生产船板为什么必须要向船级社申请工厂认可。 有二个问题特别加以说明 一是既有了船级社规范中对船板的规定，为什么还要制定船板的标准。我国有国家标准GB 712�88《船体用结构钢》，宝钢有企标Q／BQB 330一1999《船体结构用热连轧钢板》。原因之一是因为船板这样的产品属于国家《标准化法》中所规定需要制订国家标准的对象。原因之二是因为船规中虽详细地规定了船板的技术内容，但它并未包括制订标准所需包含的全部技术内容细节，这样在生产厂
GL船级社规范
第3节电源装置 A.电力需求 1.须提交电气设备的功率平衡表以验证发电、蓄电和变电装置的定额是足够的。 1.1须对下列运行状态确定其电力需求：1.1.1海上航行， 1.1.2港湾和港口附近航行， 1.1.3应急供电。 1.2还须考虑与船舶营运区域有关的极端环境条件，如极地或赤道区域的影响。 1.3在编制功率平衡表时须将所有安装的用电设备列入一表中并指出它们的输入功率值。 2.对于不同的运行状态须注意： 2.1对要求连续运行的所有用电设备，计入其全部输入功率，但对处于备用状态，只有当同类的用电设备出故障时才使用的那些用电设备除外。 2.2短时运行的用电设备的输入功率应乘以一同时系数。2.3中所述用电设备不包括在内。 在计算中，同时系数只能使用一次。 2.3相对于主电源功率大的用电设备，例如侧推器，计入其全部输入功率（另见B.1.4）2.4短时峰值负载，例如由于大电动机自动起动所引起的峰值负载。须证实其储备功率。 B.主电源 1.设计 1.1每一艘船均须配备一主电源，其容量足以满足第1节A.3中对电站所述的要求。该主电源应至少由两台相互独立的发电机组所组成。 1.2 1.1中所述的发电机组的容量必须使任一发电机组发生故障或停止运行时，其余发电机组的容量仍足以供电给在海上航行时所需的所有设备，从而确保： 1.2.1正常的推进运行状态和船舶安全，1.2.2最低舒适的居住条件，和 1.2.3货物的保存，仅就提供的设备是入级的一部分而言。 最低舒适的居住条件至少包括足够的设施用于照明、烹调、取暖、生活食品冷藏、机械通风、卫生用水和饮用水。 1.3在具有入级的冷藏设备（船级附加标志KAZ）的船上，在其入级证书上有集装箱连接至船上或者在入级符号后有其他附加标志（例如挖泥船）的船上，在确定发电机容量时，还须考虑由于相关的特定运行条件所致的电力需求。 如对于集装箱连接无现成的运行数据可用，则在计算电力需求时须使用如下数据： 额定功率：
什么是船级社
什么是船级社？ 1.船级社的产生: 船级社最早产生于二百三十年前的英国。十八世纪中，英国伦敦泰晤士河畔设有若干的咖啡馆，从事船舶生意的人们常在此聚谈，其中营业最盛者是爱德华·劳埃德，所有船舶和货物保险，大部分均在该咖啡馆办理，于是形成了海上保险的中心。由于保险需要了解船舶的技术状况，遂于1760年成立了劳埃德船级社，并开始实施船舶检验和登记入级。初期的验船师大多是退休的船长和船上的木匠，经验丰富，能一验便知船舶优劣（那时都是木帆船）。他们最初把船体技术状况划分为五类：A（最好）、E（较好）、I（中等）、O（较坏）、U （最坏）；又将所备帆、锚等分为三类：G（好）、 M（中）、B（坏）。后来逐步根据需要，变革到现在的入级符号。Classification一词原是分级的意思，现在成为入级，不在对船舶划分等级。只要船舶建造符合船级社的建造规范，并经检验合格，该船即在该船级社入级。劳氏船级社成立以后，鉴于船级社的作用和实际需要，各航运发达国家、以及有些发展中国家，也相继成立了自己的船级机构，以便发展航运事业和增强国际竞争能力。迄今世界上已有近50家船级社。 2.船级社的发展: 随着船级社的逐步的发展，船级社的业务也有所变化。船级社成立之初，船级社为保险商提供的入级服务，完全是自愿的，保险公司可以委托船级社进行船级划分，也可以不委托。而现在的入级服务已不仅是为保险商服务，而且政府希望通过入级服务，代替政府执行有关国际公约的要求，以保障船舶的质量和保障安全。因此各国政府均赋予船级社更大的权利。并从法律法规上给予保障。船舶从设计、建造、营运和维修的各个阶段都要受到船级社的监督。不通过船级社的检验和发证，船舶不能营运。在近几年的国际公约中，出现了船舶必须达到某些入级规范标准的要求。正是这种具体技术要求的一致性，使得入级检验也具有了一定的法定特征。 3.船级社的业务范围也从航运领域扩大到相关的工业领域。船级社200多年发展历程当中，一直是作为公益性非营利性的机构而发展起来的，随着国际船级社间竞争的加剧，经营成本的增大，各个船级社在纷纷地寻找出路，传统的理念受到了挑战。激烈的市场竞争将迫使船级社将注意力从有限的航运服务市场转向工业服务市场。 由上面可知,最初的船级社认证是针对船舶的生产和制造进行的技术分级判定,而现在船级社认证的范围涵盖了入级船舶检验、国内船舶检验、海洋工程检验和工业服务.风险管理为其业务的基本属性.所以现在国内的很多制造企业,尽管他的产品和船舶没有关系,但是还是做船级社认证.不过这个认证是质量认证,或质量体系认证. 各國船級社英文名稱縮略
ts613DNV船级社入级规范2006版
RULES FOR CLASSIFICATION OF D ET N ORSK E V ERITAS Veritasveien 1, NO-1322 H?vik, Norway Tel.: +47 67 57 99 00 Fax: +47 67 57 99 11SHIPS NEWBUILDINGS SPECIAL EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS ADDITIONAL CLASS PART 6 CHAPTER 13 GAS FUELLED ENGINE INSTALLATIONS JANUARY 2005 This booklet includes the relevant amendments and corrections shown in the January 2006 version of Pt.0 Ch.1 Sec.3. CONTENTS PAGE Sec.1General Requirements (5) Sec.2Materials (8) Sec.3Arrangement and System Design (9) Sec.4Fire Safety (13) Sec.5Electrical Systems (14) Sec.6Control, Monitoring and Safety Systems (15) Sec.7Compressors and Gas Engines (20) Sec.8Manufacture, Workmanship and Testing (21)
CHANGES IN THE RULES Comments to the rules may be sent by e-mail to rules@https://www.360docs.net/doc/4c11684214.html, For subscription orders or information about subscription terms, please use distribution@https://www.360docs.net/doc/4c11684214.html, Comprehensive information about DNV and the Society's services is found at the Web site https://www.360docs.net/doc/4c11684214.html, ? Det Norske Veritas Computer Typesetting (FM+SGML) by Det Norske Veritas Printed in Norway If any person suffers loss or damage which is proved to have been caused by any negligent act or omission of Det Norske Veritas, then Det Norske Veritas shall pay compensation to such person for his proved direct loss or damage. However, the compensation shall not exceed an amount equal to ten times the fee charged for the service in question, provided that the maximum compen-sation shall never exceed USD 2 million. In this provision "Det Norske Veritas" shall mean the Foundation Det Norske Veritas as well as all its subsidiaries, directors, officers, employees, agents and any other acting on behalf of Det Norske Veritas. General The present edition of the rules includes additions and amendments decided by the Board as of November 2004, and supersedes the Janu-ary 2003 edition of the same chapter. The rule changes come into force on 1 July 2005. This chapter is valid until superseded by a revised chapter. Supple-ments will not be issued except for an updated list of minor amend-ments and corrections presented in Pt.0 Ch.1 Sec.3. Pt.0 Ch.1 is normally revised in January and July each year. Revised chapters will be forwarded to all subscribers to the rules.Buyers of reprints are advised to check the updated list of rule chap-ters printed Pt.0 Ch.1 Sec.1 to ensure that the chapter is current. Main changes ?General This chapter has been amended in order to align with the following IACS requirements: —Strength analysis shall be carried out, to confirm sufficient con-structive strength of high pressure gas piping systems. —All valves and expansion joints used in high pressure gas systems shall be of an approved type. —If a duct contains high pressure gas pipes, the ventilation inlet shall be provided with a non-return device. However, if a gas de-tector is fitted at the air intake, this requirement can be dispensed with. —Automatic purging of the pipe between the master gas valve and the engine, when the inner pipe contains high pressure gas.? Sec.3 Arrangement and System Design —The general B/5 rule requirement for gas bunker tanks is consid-ered to be too strict for some ship types. The requirements have therefore been amended so that tank location closer than B/5from the ship side may be accepted based on DNV approval on a case by case basis. Passenger vessels are not included and the B/5 requirement has been retained.? Sec.6 Control, Monitoring and Safety Systems —The rules for diesel engines have a lower limit (cylinder diameter 200 mm) for when crankcase monitoring is required, and this has been found relevant also for gas engines. Table B2 has been amended accordingly. Corrections and Clarifications In addition to the above stated rule requirements, a number of correc-tions and clarifications have been made in the existing rule text.
世界主要船级社缩写
世界主要船级社 American Bureau of Shipping 美国船级社。参见A.B.S. Bureau Veritas 法国船级社。缩写为B.V. Det Norske Veritas 挪威船级社。缩写为D.N.V. Germanischer Lloyd 德国船级社。缩写为G.L. Lloyd’s Register of Shipping 劳埃德船级社。英国船级社。世界最早成立的船级社。它的船舶登记包含了世界范围约83,000条商船的详细资料。英国劳氏协会缩写：LR Nippon Kaiji Kyokai 日本船级社。缩写为N.K.K. Registro Italiano Navale 意大利船级社。缩写为R.I.N.A Korean Register of Shipping 韩国船级社。缩写为：KR China Classification Society 中国船级社。缩写为C.C.S. Russian Maritime Register of Shipping 俄罗斯船舶登记局缩写为RS Hellenic Register of Shipping 希腊船级社缩写为：HRS India Register of Shipping 印度船级社缩写为：IRS The Australian Maritime Safety Authority 澳大利亚船舶登记局AMSA Polish Register of Shipping 波兰船舶登记局缩写为：PRS PT. Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia (Persero) 印度尼西亚船级社缩写为：BKI Bulgaria Register of Shipping 保加利亚船舶登记局缩写为：BRS 或BKR Egyptian Register of Shipping 埃及船舶登记局缩写为：ERS Ukrainian Register of Shipping 乌克兰船级社缩写为：URS 或RU Croatian Register of Shipping 克罗地亚船舶登记局缩写为：CRS Yugoslav Register of Shipping Bureau 南斯拉夫船舶登记局缩写为：JR Czech Register of Shipping Bureau 捷克船舶登记局缩写为：CSLR Romanian Register of Shipping Bureau 罗马尼亚船舶登记局缩写为：RN Serbian Register of Shipping 塞尔维亚船级社缩写为：SRS The Philippine Register of Shipping, Inc. 菲律宾船级社缩写为：PRS Vietnam Register 越南船级社缩写为：VR International Association of Classification Societies (I.A.C.S.) 国际船级社联合会。由主要船级社组成的协会，主要宗旨是改善海上安全标准。
BV船级社规范
NR 216 Chapter 5 WELDING S ECTION1G ENERAL R EQUIREMENTS S ECTION2A PPROVAL OF W ELDING C ONSUMABLES S ECTION3A PPROVAL OF O VER W ELDABLE S HOP P RIMERS S ECTION4A PPROVAL OF W ELDING P ROCEDURES S ECTION5A PPROVAL OF CO2 L ASER W ELDING P ROCEDURES
NR 216, Ch 5, Sec 1 SECTION 1G ENERAL R EQUIREMENTS 1Scope 1.1General 1.1.1 This Section specifies the general requirements for fabrication by welding, and the other Sections of the Chap-ter concern the requirements for approval of welding con-sumables ( Sec 2), over weldable shop primers ( Sec 3) and welding procedures ( Sec 4 and Sec 5). 1.1.2 The requirements are essentially intended for the welding of weldable steels and aluminium alloy grades cov-ered by the applicable Articles of these Rules. 1.1.3 Different materials, applications and procedures, as well as other standards and specifications, may be consid-ered by the Society on a case-by-case basis. 2Fabrication by welding 2.1General 2.1.1 Fabrication by welding is to be carried out in compli-ance with the applicable Society Rules and according to normal good practice, general or specific to the individual processes, to the Surveyor’s satisfaction; in particular the conditions stated at the time of approval and authorisation for the use of individual processes are to be complied with. The welded structures, the relevant details and the size of welds are to comply with the applicable requirements; any other requirements indicated on the approved plans or specified during survey of construction are also to be com-plied with. 2.2Approval 2.2.1 Plans The constructional plans are to be submitted for approval when required by the Rules or in individual cases and are to contain the necessary data relevant to the fabrication by welding of the structures and items represented. In particu-lar, material types, welding details, welding processes and weld size are to be indicated; any details not represented in the plans are, in any case, to comply with the applicable requirements. 2.2.2 Welding procedures and consumables Welding to be used in hull construction, machinery, pres-sure systems and equipment subject to the inspection of the Society, is to be carried out with approved welding consum-ables and in accordance with approved welding proce-dures. 2.2.3 Welders and welding operators Welders for manual welding and for semiautomatic welding processes are to be properly trained and are to be certified by the Society, as required in the individual applications, unless otherwise agreed. Welders are to be certified according to the procedures given in the document NR476 “Approval testing of weld-ers”, except for offshore applications where the Society’s Rule Note “Construction survey of steel structures of off-shore units and installations” referenced NR426 DTO R00 E dated May 1992 is to be used. The certification is to be in due course of validity. Personnel manning the automatic welding machines are to be competent and sufficiently trained. 2.2.4 Welding supervision Welders are to be supervised and assisted, in the course of the welding operation, by an adequate number of compe-tent supervisors, such as to ensure efficient control of the welding production. Certification of the welding inspectors is not compulsory and is left to the discretion of the Manufacturer, except in particular cases where it may be required by the Society. 2.2.5 NDT operators Non-destructive tests are to be carried out by qualified per-sonnel certified by the Society or by recognised bodies in compliance with appropriate standards. The qualifications are to be appropriate to the particular application. 2.3Welding procedures 2.3.1 Approval of consumables Consumables are to be approved in accordance with the provisions of Sec 2. Requirements for approval of welding procedures, where non-approved welding consumables are allowed to be used, are given in Sec 4. 2.3.2 Choice of consumables Requirements regarding the use of the various grades of approved consumables are indicated in the parts of the Rules concerning the application or at the time of plan approval. In the case of consumables approved for Mo and Cr-Mo weldable steels, the choice of the grade of the consumables is to be made such that the nominal chemical composition of the deposited metal corresponds to that of the base mate-rial; where electrodes are used, they are to be of the basic covered low hydrogen type.