最新大学英语四级模拟题十(含答案)
大学英语四级考试模拟试题(附答案)
大学英语四级考试模拟试题(附答案)一、写作Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of "The Importance of Learning a Second Language". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.【答案】The Importance of Learning a Second LanguageSecondly, learning a second language improves cognitive abilities. Studies have shown that bilingual individuals often exhibit better problemsolving skills, greater creativity, and a more flexible mindset. Moreover, mastering a second language can open up numerous career opportunities. In an increasingly globalized job market, being proficient in multiple languages is a valuable asset.In conclusion, the benefits of learning a second language are multifaceted, ranging from personal growth to career advancement and cultural preservation. It is a lifelong investment that yields significant rewards.二、听力理解Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear eight short conversations and two long conversations. At the end of eachconversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A) The woman doesn't want to cook dinner.B) The man will cook dinner for the woman.C) They are going to eat out.D) They are discussing the menu for tomorrow.【答案】C)Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage One2. A) It is a way to express individuality.B) It is a sign of social status.C) It reflects cultural background.D) It is a form of artistic expression.【答案】A)三、阅读理解Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blankfrom a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. You maynot use any of the words in the bank more than once.Passage【答案】26. D) substantial27. A) outweigh28. C) enhance四、翻译Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You shouldwrite your answer on the Answer Sheet.中国传统文化中,龙是吉祥的象征,代表着权力、威严和好运。
2021年英语四级写作模拟习题及答案(卷十)
2021年英语四级写作模拟习题及答案(卷十)【题目】Directions: Suppose you were Li Ming. You want to apply for a job as a personal secretary to the General Manager of a trading company. Write a letter to the Human Resources Department of the company . You should base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below.1. 简要介绍自己并说明应征该职位2. 告知公司为什么对此感兴趣3. 简述你为何是合适人选【参考范文】An Application LetterDear Sir or Madam,I am Li Ming, a would-be graduate from Ninjing University. My major is English. Through the job advertisement, I have learned that you are hunting a qualified individual for a personal secretary to the General Manager of your esteemed company. I am fully convinced that I am the right person for the job.I realize that my future boss is extremely busy. However, it is exactly the challenge of my prospective position that attracts me. I am sure that my honesty, carefulness,patience,expertise , commitment and extensiveknowledge will produce an excellent job performance.Next month, I am going to graduate from the English Department of Nanjing University, and I have over two years of secretarial experience. I have enclosed the details of my academic record, skills, and language abilities. Thank you for your time in considering my application.Yours Sincerely,Li Ming【题目】For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic : How to Keep Psychologically Healthy? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1. 心理健康问题往往是导致疾病的原因2. 分析人们产生心理健康问题的原因(可从失业、压力过重、缺乏支持、缺乏人际交往能力等方面分析)3. 你认为人们应如何保持心理健康【参考范文】How to Keep Psychologically Healthy?One in four people will experience some kind of mental problem in the course of a year. When you fail to manage these problems, they are likely to cause various mental illnesses.The cause of mental health problems often vary a lot from one case to another. In today’s society, a good number of people are sufferingfrom heavy pressure. Others lack communication skills. In addition, a lot of people are ignorant of psychological knowledge about how to keep mentally fit.There are a lot of ways to curb mental health problems and keep psychologically healthy. Firstly, find the real cause of your mental health problem and see whether you can do something about it. Secondly, learn to relax yourself and take exercises to release the pressure. Lastly, you may find it helpful to talk to your partner or friend about your problem, or seek support and advice form a psychological consultant【大学英语四级写作模拟题一】Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Work with a Person or Work with a Machine? You should write at least 150 words and base your composition on the outline given below:1)一些人喜欢和人打交道多的工作2)然而也有一些人更愿意和机器打交道3)你更喜欢哪种工作?为什么?【范文】Work with a Person or Work with a Machine?When asked about work preference, different people will give different answers. Some people like working with people. However, others prefer jobs which mainly involve objects or machines.Those people who have the first preference believe working with people usually makes one feel interesting and efficient. In addition, they maintain people can be inspired to bring forward new ideas by communicating or consulting with those around them. However, still others have different preferences. In their opinions, working with objects or machines can make one enjoy more peace and quiet. Besides, they argue, under such peaceful conditions, one can do more practical work, improve his skill and make technical renovations.Weighing up these two kinds of work, I prefer working with people. For one thing, I like to cooperate with others and work in a team. For another, although there are competition and rivalry, we can learn something from other people. Considering these, I think, working with people is beneficial to our career development.【大学英语四级写作模拟题二】1.当前,社会上有很多私立学校和培训学校;2.私立学校的利与弊3.你的看法【范文】It can be noticed that a large number of private schools or training organizations become a new landscape in education. When you read newspapers, when you watch TV, when you walk on the road, you will inevitably see lots of advertisements about private schools. There areprivate schools mainly dealing with foreign languages, computers, music and sports.However, is it a good or bad thing to have so many private schools? As a coin has two sides, so are the private schools. On the one hand, private schools can meet the special needs of the society or the particular requirements of people. On the other hand, they often bring people extra burden because of comparison and competition.When asked to decide whether we should have a society without private schools or a society with private schools, I will not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter. Although attending a training course will result in the extra cost or burden, it is of tremendous merits in preparing my work and cultivating my skills.【大学英语四级写作模拟题三】Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay entitled OnVolunteering activities. You should write at least 120words following the outline given below:1、越来越多的人从事志愿者工作2、志愿者工作的社会意义3、作为大学生,应该怎么做【范文】In recent years, the volunteering spirit has spread among the Chinese people, especially amongyoungsters. According to a survey, in2008, there were about 1,700,000 volunteers whooffered service for Olympic Games. Actually, an increasing number of people become volunteersevery year in China.Volunteering actions are of tremendous benefits to both those in need and the society. OlympicGames are a good example. As is known to all, volunteers played an active role in BeijingOlympic Games. Without them, it would be a tough task to hold this un-precedent OlympicGames. Therefore, we can say that it was those volunteers who ensured the success of thesegames.As modern college students, we should get actively involved in volunteering activities. Byparticipating, we can learn how to work well in a team, how to improve our interpersonal skillsand organizational ability. Undoubtedly, all of these are critical for our person growth. So, weshould take this chance to learn and to grow.【大学英语四级写作模拟题四】1.有些人愿意和父母居住在一起2.有些人想自己独立居住3.我的看法参考范文:Some people enjoy living together with their parents after they have grown up. They hold the opinion because, living with parents, they can take better care of their parents and vice versa. Meanwhile, they canturn to their parents for help if they get into trouble or have some difficulties. To them, life in a big family seems to be more enjoyable than that in a small family.Others, however, prefer to live separately. They cherish the idea to be independent of their parents, seek more freedom and wish to have a place of their own, in which they can do what they like. Bedsides, they don't want to be overprotected by their parents but long for chance to face the society by themselves.As to me, I like an independent life style in spite of the fact I love my parents. Different generations have different life styles and values. What one generations likes may not be another generation's fondness. Living separately, each generation can enjoy different value. In addition, by leading an independent life, I can train my character and develop my own ability to deal with things encountered in my life.【大学英语四级写作模拟题五】Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Internet. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below:1、互联网使用的现状,2、大学生是否应该使用互联网,人们的看法不同,3、我的看法。
四级模拟考试题库及答案
四级模拟考试题库及答案一、听力部分1. A) The man is going to the cinema.B) The woman is going to the cinema.C) Both are going to the cinema.D) Neither is going to the cinema.答案:C2. A) The woman is a teacher.B) The man is a teacher.C) The woman is a student.D) The man is a student.答案:A3. A) The woman is satisfied with the meal.B) The man is satisfied with the meal.C) Both are satisfied with the meal.D) Neither is satisfied with the meal.答案:D二、阅读部分1. What is the main idea of the passage?A) The importance of sleep.B) The effects of sleep deprivation.C) The benefits of taking a nap.D) The relationship between sleep and health.答案:B2. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a symptom of sleep deprivation?A) Difficulty in concentrating.B) Increased appetite.C) Irritability.D) Enhanced creativity.答案:D3. What does the author suggest to improve sleep quality?A) Exercising regularly.B) Drinking coffee before bedtime.C) Watching TV in bed.D) Taking a hot bath before sleep.答案:A三、写作部分1. Directions: Write an essay on the topic of "The Role of Technology in Education". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.答案:略2. Directions: Write an essay on the topic of "The Impact of Social Media on Communication". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.答案:略四、翻译部分1. 随着科技的发展,人们的生活方式发生了巨大的变化。
最新大学英语四级模拟题十(含答案)
大学英语四级模拟题十Part I Listening Comprehension (35’)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations and 1 long conversation.At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked aboutwhat was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you mustread the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the bestanswer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a singleline through the center.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡上对应题号作答。
1. A) At 9:15. B) Before 9:15. C) At 9:30. D) Before 9:50.2. A) He does not understand it. B) He does not like it.C) He is used to it. D) He does not have to take it.3. A) They were in a doctor’s office.B) They worked in the same office.C) They were in a workshop.D) They were talking in the weight lifting room at the gym.4. A) Carry the suitcase with the woman.B) Carry the suitcase upstairs.C) Carry the suitcase up to the plane.D) Carry the suitcase down to the ship.5. A) At eight o’clock. B) At nine o’clock.C) At ten o’clock. D) An hour later.6. A) He broke his leg. B) He caught a cold.C) He had a car accident. D) He didn’t like to go to dance with the girl.7. A) He doesn’t know what he wants to do.B) He likes to work this summer.C) He wonders whether the woman has a job.D) He can’t decide where to go on vacation.8. A) At a hairdresser’s. B) At a tailor’sC) At a photographer’s. D) At a butcher’s.9. A) The content of the note book.B) What the woman wrote in the note.C) Why people are not allowed to talk in the library.D) Whether people can smoke in the library.10. A) Because it’s bad for her health.B) Because it had bad influences on children.C) Because it makes him smell. D) Because it makes him cough.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.11. A) He is not satisfied with his present job.B) He worries too much about his grandmother.C) People dislike his food.D) He is going to be fired.12. A) He learned it in a training center of cooking.B) He learned it from his grandmother.C) He learned it from his mother.D) He learned it from his wife.13. A) He dislikes other businessmen.B) He wants to have more chance to go on business.C) He doesn’t want to trouble others.D) He wants to be self-employed.14. A) Whether he would have enough funds.B) Whether his food is to the customers’ taste.C) Whether his family members would support him.D) Whether he can pay less tax to the government.15. A) Daniel gets encouragement from his friend Misha.B) The two speakers haven’t seen each other for a long time.C) Daniel wants to be in the food business.D) Daniel’s grandmother is an experienced businesswoman.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 2 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡上对应题号作答。
大学英语四级考试模拟题 (附答案)
大学英语模拟真题Test 2第一部分:交际用语(共5小题;每小题3分,满分15分)此部分共有5个未完成的对话,针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项,请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Why not go and have dinner in the restaurant?—_________ It’s too expensive.A. Why not.B. I agree .C. I’m afraid not.D. I’m sure.2. —Mike,I am going to skate in the mountains tomorrow.—Oh,really? _________A. Good luck.B. Great.C. Have a good time.D. Congratulations!3. —Please help yourself to the fish.—_________A. Thanks,but I don’t like the fish.B. Sorr y,I can’t help.C. Well,fish don’t suit me.D. No,I can’t.4. —_________—He teaches physics in a school.A. What does your father want to do?B. Who is your father?C. What is your father?D. Where is your father now?5. —Excuse me, how much is the jacket?—It’s 499 Yuan. _________A. Oh, no. Tha t’s OK!B. How do you like it?C. Which do you prefer?D. Would you like to try it on?第二部分:阅读理解(共10小题;每小题3分,满分30分)此部分共有2篇短文,在第一篇短文后有5个正误判断题,从每题后的两个选项中选出正确答案;在第二篇短文后有5个问题。
英语四级考试题模拟及答案
英语四级考试题模拟及答案英语四级考试是许多大学生必须通过的一项考试,它是考察英语能力的重要指标之一。
为了帮助考生更好地备考,以下是一份英语四级考试题目模拟及答案,供参考学习。
一、听力部分1. What does the woman advise the man to do?A. Change his major.B. Study harder.C. Take fewer courses.D. Drop the course.2. What does the woman think of their food?A. Delicious.B. Too salty.C. Overpriced.D. Terrible.3. Where is the man planning to go?A. To the library.B. To the bookstore.C. To the office.D. To the cafeteria.答案:1. B. Study harder.2. A. Delicious.3. B. To the bookstore.二、阅读部分Questions 4 to 6 are based on the following passage:Most experts agree countries need to start seriously slashing greenhouse gas emissions.. and that we can continue emitting greenhouse gases for only another 10 to 15 years before crossing a threshold into a more extreme climate.4. What do most experts agree on?A. Greenhouse gas emissions need to be increased.B. Greenhouse gas emissions need to be seriously reduced.C. Greenhouse gas emissions have no impact on the climate.D. Greenhouse gas emissions can continue as they are.5. How many years do most experts believe we have before crossing a threshold into a more extreme climate?A. 5 to 10 years.B. 10 to 15 years.C. 15 to 20 years.D. 20 to 25 years.6. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Countries should ignore greenhouse gas emissions.B. Countries have plenty of time to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.C. Countries must act now to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.D. Countries will not be affected by greenhouse gas emissions.答案:4. B. Greenhouse gas emissions need to be seriously reduced.5. B. 10 to 15 years.6. C. Countries must act now to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.三、写作部分请根据以下题目写一篇短文:题目:Does social media have a positive or negative impact on society?参考范文:Social media has become an indispensable part of our lives, with millions of people using platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram on a daily basis. While social media has its benefits, such as connecting people from all around the world and providing a platform for sharing information and ideas, it also has negative impacts on society.One of the positive aspects of social media is its ability to bring people together. It allows individuals to stay in touch with friends and family, no matter where they are located. Social media also provides a platform for sharing news and information quickly and easily, which can be beneficial in emergency situations.However, social media also has negative impacts on society. One of the biggest concerns is the spread of fake news and misinformation. With the rise of social media, it has become increasingly difficult to distinguish between reliable sources and fake news. This can lead to a misinformed public and have serious consequences for society.Furthermore, social media can have a negative impact on mental health. Studies have shown that excessive use of social media can lead to feelings of loneliness, anxiety, and depression. The constant comparison to others on social media can also lead to low self-esteem and self-worth.In conclusion, while social media has its benefits, such as connecting people and sharing information, it also has negative impacts on society, such as the spread of fake news and negative effects on mental health. It is important for individuals to use social media responsibly and critically evaluate the information they see online.以上是一份英语四级考试题目模拟及答案,希望对大家备考有所帮助。
全国大学英语CET四级考试试卷及解答参考
全国大学英语CET四级考试模拟试卷及解答参考一、写作(15分)Section I: Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic “The Advantages and Disadvantages of Studying Abroad”. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Writing Sample:Studying abroad is an experience that can be both exhilarating and challenging. On one hand, it offers numerous advantages that contribute to personal growth and career development. When students go abroad, they are exposed to new cultures, which can broaden their perspectives and foster a deeper understanding of the world. Additionally, international study programs often provide access to cutting-edge research and technology, as well as opportunities to learn from leading experts in various fields. Furthermore, studying in a foreign country can enhance language skills and communication abilities, which are highly valued by employers around the globe.On the other hand, there are also some disadvantages associated with studying overseas. The cost of living and tuition fees in many countries can be significantly higher, placing a financial burden on students and their families. Moreover, being away from home for an extended period can lead tofeelings of homesickness and isolation, especially if the student struggles to integrate into the local community. There’s also the challenge of adapting to a different educational system, which might not always align with the student’s learning style or previous academic experiences.In conclusion, while studying abroad has its pros and as well as cons, it is up to each individual to weigh these factors and decide whether such an opportunity is right for them. It is important to consider personal goals, financial circumstances, and adaptability before making the decision to embark on this life-changing journey.Analysis:•Introduction: The writer starts by acknowledging the dual nature of studying abroad, highlighting that it is both exciting and filled with challenges. This sets the stage for a balanced discussion.•Body Paragraphs:•The first body paragraph focuses on the benefits of studying abroad. The writer points out three key advantages: exposure to new cultures, access to advanced resources, and improvement in language and communicationskills. Each point is briefly explained to support the claim.•In the second body paragraph, the writer addresses the potential drawbacks.The high costs, emotional difficulties like homesickness, and the need to adapt to a new educational system are all mentioned. These points help to present a realistic view of the experience.•Conclusion: The concluding paragraph summarizes the main ideas and suggests that the suitability of studying abroad depends on thei ndividual’s personal circumstances. It encourages readers to carefullyconsider their own situation before deciding, reinforcing the idea that while the experience can be beneficial, it is not without its challenges.•Language and Style: The sample uses clear and concise language, appropriate for a formal essay. Transitions between paragraphs and within paragraphs are smooth, ensuring that the flow of the argument is logical and easy to follow. The use of specific examples (e.g., “access tocutting-edge rese arch and technology”) adds credibility to the arguments presented.This writing sample effectively demonstrates how to structure a balanced argumentative essay, providing a good model for students preparing for the CET-4 writing section.二、听力理解-短篇新闻(选择题,共7分)第一题News 1A team of archaeologists has discovered a well-preserved ancient city in the desert of northern China. The city, believed to be around 1,500 years old, was found near the Gobi Desert. The discovery includes buildings, roads, and even some artifacts. Experts say the city could provide valuable insights intothe ancient Silk Road trade route.Questions:1、What was the age of the ancient city discovered in the desert of northern China?A) 1,000 years old.B) 1,200 years old.C) 1,500 years old.D) 1,800 years old.2、What is the main discovery made by the archaeologists?A) A large number of ancient artifacts.B) A well-preserved ancient city.C) A new trade route.D) Remains of an ancient Silk Road post.3、What is the significance of this discovery according to the experts?A) It reveals the secrets of ancient Silk Road traders.B) It provides information about the climate change in the region.C) It helps understand the ancient trade routes.D) It confirms the existence of a mythical city.Answers:1、C) 1,500 years old.2、B) A well-preserved ancient city.3、C) It helps understand the ancient trade routes.News Content:The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) announced yesterday that it will launch a global initiative aimed at promoting digital literacy among young people around the world. The program, called “Code for All,” is design ed to equip students with basic coding skills and an understanding of digital ethics. It aims to reach at least one million students in its first year, providing them with free online courses and resources.Questions:1、According to the news item, what is the name of UNESCO’s new global initiative?A. Digital FutureB. Code for AllC. Global Ethics OnlineAnswer: B. Code for All2、What is the primary goal of the “Code for All” program?A. To provide free computers to underprivileged studentsB. To teach students about digital ethics and coding basicsC. To promote the use of digital devices in classroomsAnswer: B. To teach students about digital ethics and coding basics3、How many students does UNESCO aim to reach with this program in its firstA. At least fifty thousandB. At least five hundred thousandC. At least one millionAnswer: C. At least one million三、听力理解-长对话(选择题,共8分)第一题Part ThreeSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear a long conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will hear some questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.ConversationW: Hi, John. I’m glad to see you here. How was your vacation?M: Oh, it was great. I went hiking in the mountains with my friends.W: That sounds wonderful. How long did you stay there?M: We stayed for a week. It was really beautiful up there. The scenery was just stunning.W: I can imagine. Did you do anything special while you were there?M: Yes, we went on a trek. It was challenging, but I enjoyed it a lot.W: That sounds exciting. Did you see any wildlife?M: Yes, we saw a lot of birds and some animals. It was amazing to see them in their natural habitat.W: It must have been a memorable experience. Do you plan to go hiking again?M: Definitely. I think it’s a great way to relax and enjoy nature.Questions1、What did John do during his vacation?A) He went on a trek.B) He visited his friends.C) He stayed in a hotel.D) He went hiking.2、How long did John stay in the mountains?A) A few days.B) A week.C) Two weeks.D) A month.3、What did John think of the scenery in the mountains?A) It was average.B) It was beautiful.C) It was boring.D) It was dangerous.4、What did John enjoy the most about his vacation?A) Hiking.B) Relaxing.C) Visiting his friends.D) Seeing wildlife.第二题Listen to the following long conversation and then answer the questions that follow. The conversation will be spoken twice.Conversation:M: Hey, Sarah, how’s it going with your final project for Professor Johnson’s environmental science class?W: Oh, hi, Tom. It’s coming along, but I’m really struggling with the research on renewable energy sources. There’s just so much information out there, it’s hard to know wh ere to start.M: Yeah, I can imagine. Have you considered focusing on solar or wind energy? Those seem to be the most developed technologies right now.W: Well, I’ve read quite a bit about solar energy, but I’m not sure if it’s the best topic for my projec t. What do you think?M: I think it would be a good choice because there’s a lot of current research on improving efficiency and reducing costs. Plus, there are plenty of real-world applications to discuss.W: That sounds like a good point. But isn’t wind energy also important?Maybe I should compare the two?M: Definitely! Comparing them could make your project stand out. You could talk about the advantages and disadvantages of each and maybe even touch on their implementation in different countries.W: Hm m…that gives me an idea. Thanks, Tom. I’ll start working on that angle right away!1、What is Sarah working on?A) A final exam preparation.B)An environmental science project.C) A presentation on renewable energy.D) A report on real-world applications.Answer: B) An environmental science project.2、Why is Sarah finding her research challenging?A)She is unsure about the focus of her project.B)She has too many resources on solar energy.C)She lacks information on renewable energy sources.D)She finds it difficult to organize her notes.Answer: A) She is unsure about the focus of her project.3、What suggestion does Tom give Sarah regarding her project?A)To concentrate solely on wind energy.B)To choose between solar and wind energy.C)To include both solar and wind energy in her study.D)To disregard solar energy as it’s too common.Answer: C) To include both solar and wind energy in her study.4、What aspect of renewable energy might Sarah consider discussing according to Tom?A)The historical development of solar technology.B)The cost-effectiveness of nuclear energy.C)The implementation of solar and wind energy globally.D)The theoretical basis of hydroelectric power.Answer: C) The implementation of solar and wind energy globally.四、听力理解-听力篇章(选择题,共20分)第一题PassageThe rise of automation in the workplace has sparked a debate about the future of employment. While many argue that automation will lead to job losses, others believe it will create new opportunities. In this article, we explore both perspectives and discuss the potential impact on the workforce.In the short term, automation is likely to displace workers in certain industries. For example, the manufacturing sector has already seen a significant reduction in jobs due to the introduction of robots and automated machinery. Similarly, the service industry, particularly in areas such as retail and food service, may experience a decrease in employment as self-service kiosks and automated systems become more common.However, proponents of automation argue that it will also create new job opportunities. As technology advances, new industries and professions will emerge. For instance, the demand for professionals skilled in programming, robotics, and artificial intelligence is expected to grow. These new roles will require a different set of skills, which may necessitate a shift in education and training programs.Moreover, automation can lead to increased productivity and efficiency, potentially boosting overall economic growth. With more tasks automated, employees can focus on higher-value work, which may lead to job satisfaction and improved job performance.Despite these positive aspects, the transition to automation may not be smooth for all workers. The initial displacement of jobs could lead to social and economic challenges. For example, workers who lose their jobs due to automation may struggle to find new employment, particularly if they lack the necessary skills to adapt to the changing job market.Questions:1、What is the main concern expressed about automation in the workplace?A) It will lead to increased productivity.B) It will create new job opportunities.C) It will cause job losses in certain industries.D) It will boost economic growth.2、According to the passage, which of the following is a potentialconsequence of automation in the manufacturing sector?A) An increase in manufacturing jobs.B) A decrease in manufacturing jobs.C) No significant change in manufacturing jobs.D) A shift in the types of jobs available in manufacturing.3、What is one of the positive impacts of automation mentioned in the passage?A) It will reduce the need for education and training.B) It will lead to job satisfaction and improved job performance.C) It will decrease the overall economic growth.D) It will eliminate the need for higher-value work.Answers:1、C2、B3、BSecond Part: Listening Comprehension - Listening PassageDirections: In this part, you will hear a passage about campus life. Listen carefully and then choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You will hear the passage only once.Passage:The university has recently renovated its library facilities in order to provide students with a more comfortable and conducive environment for study. The renovations include new seating arrangements that promote group work as wellas individual study booths equipped with power outlets for laptops and charging devices. Moreover, there’s an increased number of computers ava ilable for student use, all connected to a high-speed internet network. The library now also offers extended hours during exam periods, staying open until midnight to accommodate students’ needs. Finally, the library staff has implemented a new system for reserving books online, which allows students to request materials from the comfort of their dorms or homes.Questions:1、What recent change has been made to improve the library experience?A. Extended opening hours throughout the yearB. Addition of more individual study booths onlyC. Implementation of a system for online book reservationsD. All of the aboveAnswer: D. All of the above2、、Which feature was added to support both collaborative and solo learning?A. High-speed internet connectionB. Extended library hours during examsC. New seating arrangements including group work spaces and individual boothsD. An increase in the number of available computersAnswer: C. New seating arrangements including group work spaces and individual booths3、、How can students now reserve books according to the passage?A. By visiting the library’s information deskB. Through an online reservation systemC. By calling the library’s front deskD. Books cannot be reserved; they must be collected in personAnswer: B. Through an online reservation system第三题Passage OneIn recent years, there has been a growing concern about the impact of technology on human relationships. With the advent of smartphones and social media, people are more connected than ever before. However, some argue that this technological advancement has led to a decline in face-to-face interactions and the quality of relationships.The first paragraph introduces the topic by highlighting the increasing reliance on technology for communication. It mentions that while technology has brought convenience, it has also raised concerns about its impact on human interactions.1、What is the main topic of the passage?A) The benefits of technology in communication.B) The decline of face-to-face interactions.C) The rise of social media.D) The impact of technology on relationships.2、According to the passage, what is the main concern regarding the use of technology?A) It enhances the efficiency of communication.B) It leads to a decrease in the quality of relationships.C) It replaces traditional forms of communication.D) It creates more opportunities for socializing.3、The author implies that:A) Technology has completely replaced face-to-face interactions.B) The use of technology has no negative effects on relationships.C) People are increasingly aware of the negative impacts of technology on relationships.D) Social media is the only way to maintain relationships in the modern world.Answer:1、D2、B3、C五、阅读理解-词汇理解(填空题,共5分)第一题Reading PassageIn recent years, the importance of online education has grown significantly. With the rapid development of technology, especially the internet, people cannow access educational resources from anywhere in the world. This has led to a rise in the number of online courses and platforms offering a wide range of subjects. While online education offers numerous benefits, such as flexibility and convenience, it also presents challenges that need to be addressed.The following paragraph contains a list of words or phrases, each of which is followed by five examples. Choose the example that best keeps the meaning of the word or phrase in the context of the passage.Vocabulary Understanding1.The rapid development of technology has led to a significant increase in the number of online courses and platforms.a)The number of new businesses in the tech sector has surged.b)The number of students enrolling in online courses has gone up dramatically.c)The number of traffic accidents has decreased due to better road designs.d)The number of people using social media has increased exponentially.e)The number of jobs available in the renewable energy sector has declined.2.Online education offers flexibility and convenience, making it an attractive option for many students.a)The ability to study at any time of the day or night.b)The convenience of not having to travel to a physical location.c)The opportunity to learn from experts in their field.d)The guarantee of better job prospects after completing the course.e)The assurance of a high-quality education regardless of location.3.This has led to a rise in the number of online courses and platforms offering a widerange of subjects.a)The variety of subjects available online has expanded.b)The number of students interested in online education has decreased.c)The number of teachers offering online courses has gone up.d)The number of traditional educational institutions has increased.e)The number of jobs in the online education industry has decreased.4.While online education offers numerous benefits, it also presents challenges that need to be addressed.a)The challenges faced by online students are similar to those in traditional education.b)Online education does not require any challenges to be overcome.c)The challenges of online education are often overlooked.d)The challenges of online education are unique and require specific solutions.e)The challenges of online education are not a concern for most students.5.It also presents challenges that need to be addressed.a)The solutions to these challenges are straightforward.b)These challenges can be easily resolved.c)These challenges require careful consideration and planning.d)These challenges are not significant enough to warrant attention.e)These challenges are beyond the scope of this discussion.Answers:1.b2.a3.a4.d5.c第二题Reading Passage:The Internet has revolutionized the way we communicate, access information, and conduct business. With just a few clicks, we can connect with people from all over the world, access a vast amount of information, and even shop online. However, this convenience comes with its own set of challenges. One of the most significant challenges is the need to stay informed about the latest developments in technology and cybersecurity. In this article, we will discuss some of the key factors that contribute to the importance of staying informed in the digital age.Vocabulary Understanding:Please choose the correct word from the list below to complete each sentence. Write the letter (A), (B), (C), or (D) corresponding to the correct answer in the blank space provided.1.The rapid A. evolution / B. revolution / C. evolutionism / D. evolutionist of technology has made it crucial for individuals to stay informed about the latest advancements.2.In order to protect their personal information, users must be aware of the potential risks associated with A. cybercrime / B. cybernetics / C. cyberneticist / D. cybernetic3.The article highlights the importance of A. vigilance / B. vigilance /C. vigilantly /D. vigilant in the face of increasing cyber threats.4.Staying informed about new developments in cybersecurity is essential forbusinesses to A. safeguard / B. safeguarding / C. safeguarded / D. safeguarding5.The author emphasizes the need for continuous learning to keep up with the ever-changing landscape of the digital world.Answers:1.A. evolution2.A. cybercrime3.D. vigilant4.A. safeguard5.A. keep up with六、阅读理解-长篇阅读(选择题,共10分)第一题Passage OneChina’s cultural revolution, which lasted from 1966 to 1976, was a social movement with a political motive, led by the Communist Party of China. It aimed to purify the Party and society from capitalist and cultural influences. The movement was marked by widespread violence, including the persecution of intellectuals and the destruction of cultural relics. Despite its tragic consequences, the cultural revolution has left a lasting impact on Chinese society and its people.Questions:1、What was the main purpose of the cultural revolution?A. To promote economic development.B. To reform the education system.C. To purify the Party and society.D. To strengthen the military.2、Which of the following was not a consequence of the cultural revolution?A. Widespread violence.B. The persecution of intellectuals.C. The destruction of cultural relics.D. The improvement of the economy.3、What was the impact of the cultural revolution on Chinese society?A. It led to economic prosperity.B. It brought about social stability.C. It left a lasting impact on Chinese society and its people.D. It had no significant impact on Chinese society.4、Who was the leader of the cultural revolution?A. Mao Zedong.B. Zhou Enlai.C. Deng Xiaoping.D. Li Xiannian.5、What was one of the tragic consequences of the cultural revolution?A. The improvement of education.B. The enhancement of cultural heritage.C. The promotion of political unity.D. The persecution of intellectuals.Answers:1、C. To purify the Party and society.2、D. The improvement of the economy.3、C. It left a lasting impact on Chinese society and its people.4、A. Mao Zedong.5、D. The persecution of intellectuals.第二题Reading PassageIn recent years, the concept of “soft skills” has gained increasing attention in the job market. While technical skills are crucial for many positions, soft skills, such as communication, teamwork, and problem-solving, are becoming equally important. This passage discusses the importance of soft skill s and provides examples of how they can impact one’s career.1.The first paragraph introduces the growing importance of soft skills. Which of the following best describes the author’s tone in this paragraph?A. CondescendingB. BoredC. EnthusiasticD. Indifferent2.According to the passage, why are soft skills becoming more significant in the job market?A. They are becoming less relevant in the digital age.B. They are being overlooked by employers.C. They complement technical skills and enhance job performance.D. They are no longer taught in schools.3.The passage mentions a study that shows the impact of soft skills on job performance. What was the main finding of this study?A. Soft skills have no significant impact on job performance.B. Soft skills can lead to a 10-15% increase in job performance.C. Technical skills are more important than soft skills for job success.D. Soft skills are only beneficial in certain industries.4.The passage discusses the importance of communication skills in the workplace. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of how communication skills can be beneficial?A. Clear and concise communication can prevent misunderstandings.B. Effective communication can help build strong relationships with colleagues.C. Communication skills are only important for jobs that involve a lot of speaking.D. Good communication can lead to better collaboration and teamwork.5.The passage concludes by emphasizing the need for continuous improvement in soft skills. What is the author’s final point?A. Soft skills are innate and cannot be improved.B. Technical skills should be prioritized over soft skills.C. Employers should focus on developing soft skills in their employees.D. Soft skills are not important until one is in a leadership position.Answers:1.C2.C3.B4.C5.C七、阅读理解-仔细阅读(选择题,共20分)第一题Reading PassageIn recent years, the rise of online education has sparked a heated debate among educators and the public. While some argue that it offers numerous benefits, such as flexibility and accessibility, others express concerns about its potential drawbacks, including the lack of personal interaction and the potential for cheating.Questions:1、What is the main topic of the passage?A. The benefits of online educationB. The drawbacks of online educationC. The impact of online education on traditional educationD. The debate surrounding online education2、The passage states that some educators and the public are concerned about the lack of what in online education?A. FlexibilityB. AccessibilityC. Personal interactionD. Cheating3、According to the passage, what is one of the advantages of online education mentioned?A. It requires less personal interactionB. It is less accessible to studentsC. It offers more flexibilityD. It is more likely to lead to cheating4、The author suggests that the debate about online education is:A. Unnecessary, as the benefits outweigh the drawbacksB. Necessary, as it affects the future of educationC. Unimportant, as online education will eventually replace traditional educationD. Irrelevant, as the benefits of online education are well-documented5、Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a concern about online education in the passage?A. The potential for students to get distractedB. The lack of face-to-face communicationC. The possibility of cheatingD. The difficulty of assessing students’ understandingAnswers:1、D2、C3、C4、B5、ASecond QuestionRead the following text carefully and then answer the questions below.In the small town of Willow Creek, there was a local library that had been a cornerstone of the community for over a century. The library, known affectionately as “The Cornerstone,” was more than just a place to borrow books; it was a hub of cultural activities, a source of information, and a gathering spot for residents of all ages.One day, the library faced a significant challenge. The town’s mayor, who was a strong advocate for education and community development, announced that due to budget cuts, the library would have to close its doors. The news spread quickly through the town, causing a wave of concern and sadness among the residents.1、The library in Willow Creek was referred to as “The Cornerstone” because:A. It was built at the center of the town.B. It was the oldest building in the town.C. It played a vital role in the community.D. It had a cornerstone made of a unique stone.2、The main issue facing the library was:A. A lack of books for the community.B. A decrease in the number of visitors.C. Budget cuts that threatened its closure.D. The mayor’s disinterest in its operations.3、The response to the library’s potential closure was:A. The mayor proposed building a new library elsewhere.B. The residents ignored the news and continued their daily routines.C. The community held a peaceful protest in front of the library.D. The local businesses offered to donate books to the library.4、Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a role the library played in the community?A. A hub of cultural activities.B. A source of employment for the town.C. A place for educational programs.D. A gathering spot for residents.。
大学英语四级考试模拟试卷(附答案)
大学英语四级考试模拟试卷Part ⅠWritingDirections:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter of advice to your cousin about how to spend the first winter holiday in college. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.1、现在网上购物已成为一种时尚2.网上购物有很多好处,但也有不少问题3.我的建议Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)Exchange Rates:A Brief History of Exchange RatesFor centuries,the currencies of the world were backed by gold.That is,a piece of paper currency issued by any world government represented a real amount of gold held in a vault by that government.In the 1930s,the U.S.set the value of the dollar at 8 single,unchanging level:l ounce of gold was worth $35.After World War II,other countries based the value of their currencies on the U.S.dollar.Since everyone knew how much gold a U.S.dollar was worth,then the value of any other currency against the dollar could be based on its value in gold.A currency worth twice as much gold as a U.S.dollar was,therefore,also worth two U.S.dollars.Unfortunately,the real world of economics outpaced this system.The U.S.dollar suffered from inflation(its value relative to the goods it could purchase decreased),while other currencies became more valuable and more stable.Finally,in 1971,the U.S.took away the gold standard altogether.This meant that the dollar no longer represented an actual amount of a precious substance-market forces alone determined its value.Today,the U.S.dollar still dominates many financial markets.In fact,exchange rates are often expressed in terms of U.S.dollars.Currently,the U.S.dollar and the euro account for approximately 50 percent of all currency exchange transactions in the world.Adding British pounds,Canadian dollars,Australian dollars,and Japanese yen to the list accounts for over 80 percent of currency exchanges altogether.Methods of Exchange:the Floating Exchange RateThere are two main systems used to determine a currency's exchange rate:floating currency and pegged currency.The market determines a floating exchange rate.In other words,a currency is worth whatever buyers are willing to pay for it.This is determined by supply and demand,which is in turn driven by foreign investment,import/export ratios,inflation,and a host of other economic factors.Generally,countries with mature,stable economic markets will use a floating system.Virtually every major nation uses this system,including the U.S.,Canada and Great Britain.Floating exchange rates are considered more efficient,because the market will automatically correct the rate to reflect inflation and other economic forces.The floating system isn't perfect,though.If a country's economy suffers from instability,a floating system will discourage investment.Investors could fall victim to wild swings in the exchange rates,as well as disastrous inflation.Methods of Exchange:the Pegged Exchange RateA pegged,or fixed system,is one in which the exchange rate is set and artificially maintained by the government.The rate will be pegged to some other country's dollar,usually the U.S.dollar.The rate will not fluctuate from day to day.A government has to work to keep their pegged rate stable.Their national bank must hold large reserves of foreign currency to mitigate changes in supply and demand.If a sudden demand for a currency was to drive up the exchange rate,the national bank would have to release enough of that currency into the market to meet the demand.They can also buy up currency if low demand is lowering exchange rates.Countries that have immature,potentially unstable economies usually use a pegged system.Developing nations can use this system to prevent out-of-control inflation.The system can backfire,however,if the real world market value of the currency is not reflected by the pegged rate.In that case,a black market may spring up,where the currency will be traded at its market value,disregarding the government's peg.When people realize that their currency isn’t worth as much as the pegged rate indicates,they may rush to exchange their money for other,more stable currencies.This can lead to economic disaster,since the sudden flood of currency in world markets drives the exchange rate very low.So if a country doesn't take good care of their pegged rate,they may find themselves with worthless currency.Methods of Exchange:HybridsIn reality,few exchange rate systems are 100 percent floating,or 100 percent pegged.Countries using a pegged rate can avoid market panics and inflationary disasters by using a floating peg.They peg their rate to the U.S.dollar,and that rate doesn't fluctuate from day to day.However,the government periodically reviews their peg,and makes minor adjustments to keep it in line with the true market value。
英语四级考试阅读模拟题及答案-英语四级考试阅读模拟题及答案
英语四级考试阅读模拟题及答案|英语四级考试阅读模拟题及答案在备考时间加强英语阅读的模拟练习,对于考好英语四级考试非常重要。
下面我为大家带来英语四级考试阅读模拟题,欢迎考生模拟阅读。
英语四级考试阅读模拟题(一)Where do pesticides fit into the picture of environmental disease? We have seen that they now pollute soil,water and food, that they have the power to make our streams fishless and our gardens and woodlands silent and birdless. Man, however much he may like to pretend the contrary, is part of nature. Can he escape a pollution that is now so thoroughly distributed throughout our world: We know that even single exposures to these chemicals, if the amount is large enough, can cause extremely severe poisoning. But this is not the major problem. The sudden illness or death of farmers, farmworkers, and others exposed to sufficient quantities of pesticides is very sad and should not occur. For the population as a whole, we must be more concerned with the delayed effects of absorbing small amounts of the pesticides that invisibly pollute our world.Responsible public health officials have pointed out that the biological effects of chemicals are cumulative over long periods of time, and that the danger to individual may depend on the sum of the exposures received throughout his lifetime. For these veryreasons the danger is easily ignored. It is human nature to shake off what may seem to us a threat of future disaster. Men are naturally most impressed by diseases which have obvious signs, says a wise physician, Dr Rene Dubos, yet some of their worst enemies slowly approach them unnoticed.练习题:Choose correct answers to the question:1.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the sentence Manis part of nature (Para. 1, Lines 3-4)?A. Man appears indifferent to what happens in nature.B. Man acts as if he does not belong to nature.C. Man can avoid the effects of environmental pollution.D. Man can escape his responsibilities for environmental effects of pesticides?2. What is the authors attitude toward the environmental effects of pesticides?A. PessimisticB. IndifferentC. DefensiveD. Concerned3. In the authors view, the sudden death caused by exposure to large amounts of pesticides _____.A. is not the worst of the negative consequences resulting from the use of pesticidesB. now occurs most frequently among all accidental deathsC. has sharply increased so as to become the center of public attentionD. is unavoidable because people cant do without pesticides in farming4. People tend to ignore the delayed effects of exposure to chemical because _____.A. limited exposure to them does little harm to peoples healthB. the present is more important for them than the futureC. the danger does not become apparent immediatelyD. humans are capable of withstanding small amounts of poisoning5. It can be concluded from Dr. Dubos remarks that _____.A. people find invisible diseases difficult to deal withB. attacks by hidden enemies tend to be fatalC. diseases with obvious signs are easy to cureD. people tend to overlook hidden dangers caused by pesticides英语四级考试阅读模拟题答案1.[B] 题干的句子是文章第1段第3句,这是一个带有插入语的简洁句,contrary在此表示跟part of nature相反,因此答案为B。
(仅供参考)大学英语四级新题型全真模拟-10套模拟试题完整答案和听力文本
❙答案与解析1㊀❙答案与解析T e s t 1P a r tⅠ㊀S a m p l eW r i t i n gT h e p i c t u r ed e p i c t sas c e n a r i oi nac l a s s r o o m w h e nt h et e a c h e r i s t e a c h i n g th es t u d e n t sb a s i c m a t h e q u a t i o n s s u c ha sm u l t i p l i c a t i o na n da s t u d e n t q u e s t i o n s t h en e c e s s i t y o f l e a r n i n g th e s e f u n d a m e n t a l s k i l l s .I n m y o p i n i o n ,t h e b a s i cs k i l l s m u s tb e m a s t e r e d b y hu m a n m i n d sn o m a t t e rh o w t h e m o d e r n t e c h n o l o g y d e v e l o p s .T h ee x p a n s i o no fk n o w l e d g ei s l i k et h ec o n s t r u c t i o no fas k y s c r a p e r .M a n y ofu s h a v e t h ea m b i t i o n t ob u i l d i tw a y u p i n t o t h e s k y ,a sh i g ha s p o s s i b l e .B u tw i t h o u t t h e f o u n d a t i o n ,t h o s e u g l y r o u g hb r i c k s ,t h eb e a u t i f u l l y a m a z i n g h e i g h t o f t h e s k y s c r a p e r c a no n l y e x i s t i n p e o p l e s i m a gi n a t i o n .T h em u l t i p l i c a t i o n i nm a t h ,s i m p l e f o r m u l a s i n p h y s i c s a n d t h e s y m b o l s f o r c h e m i c a l e l e m e n t s a r e j u s t l i k e t h o s e f o u n d a t i o nb r i c k s .O n l y a f t e rm a s t e r i n g t h e s eb a s i c s k i l l s ,c a no u r l o g i c a n dk n o w l e d geb e e x t e n d e d i n t oh i gh e r p l a c e s .T h u s ,i t i s o f p r o f o u n d s i g n i f i c a n c e t o l e a r n t h eb a s i c s k i l l s .T h e a d v a n c e d t e c h n o l o g y i s j u s t a t o o l t o b eu t i l i z e da n dm a n i p u l a t e db y h u m a n m i n d s .B e f o r ew e t a k ea d v a n t a geo f t h e m ,w em u s th a v ea s o l i d ,c o n c r e t ek n o w l e d geb a s e .P a r tⅡ1.B ㊀2.C ㊀3.B ㊀4.A ㊀5.D ㊀6.D ㊀7.C ㊀8.A ㊀9.C ㊀10.D ㊀11.B ㊀12.D ㊀13.A14.C ㊀15.D ㊀16.B ㊀17.B ㊀18.C ㊀19.A ㊀20.D ㊀21.C ㊀22.B ㊀23.D ㊀24.C ㊀25.D 26.s t e m s f r o m ㊀27.c o n s e q u e n c e s ㊀28.i l l u s t r a t e s ㊀29.s p r a y ㊀30.i m m e d i a t e r e s u l t s 31.f a i l e d t o p r e d i c t ㊀32.b e n e f i c i a l ㊀33.r e s i s t a n c e ㊀34.m u l t i pl i e d ㊀35.a s e c o n dc u r e P a r tⅢS e c t i o nA ㊀36)F ㊀37)I ㊀38)H ㊀39)L ㊀40)E ㊀41)J ㊀42)D ㊀43)O ㊀44)G ㊀45)CS e c t i o nB ㊀46.B ㊀47.E ㊀48.I ㊀49.G ㊀50.F ㊀51.H ㊀52.C ㊀53.D ㊀54.J ㊀55.CS e c t i o nC56.A.细节题㊂参见文章第二段第二行㊂ ...w h a t e v i d e n c e c a nb eu s e d t o p r o v e t h e mi nc o u r t同时还要注意 p r o v e 与 j u s t i f y 之间的替换㊂57.C.上下文理解题㊂参见文章第三段第二行 H ew i l l s p e n dm o s t o f i sw o r k i n g l i f e t y p i n g mi l l i o n so f w o r d s o nt h o u s a n d so ff o r m s ... ,此处的 t y p i n g ...w o r d so n ...f o r m s 应理解为警探的 r o u t i n e w o r k ( 日常工作 )㊂因此[C ]为正确答案㊂58D.细节题㊂参见文章第四段第三行 E x c e p t i nv e r ys e r i o u s c a s e s l i k em u r d e r s a n d t e r r o r i s t a t t a c k s ,...l i t t l e e f f o r t i s s p e n t o n s e a r c h i n g ,正确把握 e x c e pt 的含义,即可推出遇到这种案件时发生的情况㊂59.B .细节题㊂参见文章第一段㊂ ...h a r d l y r e c o g n i z ea n y r e s e m b l a n c eb e t w e e n ... 60.D.全文主旨题㊂上一题为本题作了很好的铺垫㊂纵观全文,主要讲述的是警探的真实生活和他们出❙答案与解析2㊀❙现在电视荧屏上的形象之间的差别,故选项D 最为合宜㊂61.A.上下文理解题㊂文章第一段第二句指出:‘牛津英语词典“的解释是:t i p 一词是17世纪黑社会的行话,意思是 给 ㊂例如他们说: 要么把命给我 ㊂而后面的话更加肯定了我们的理解: o r i g i n a l l y af o r mo f t h e f t ... 由此可见,说这话的应该是犯法者㊂62.C.细节题㊂参见文章第二段第二句话, ...i t i s n o t s u i t e d t o a c o u n t r y wi t h o u t a n e s t a b l i s h e d s e r v a n t c l a s s ... ,因内战之前,美国还没有形成服务阶层,小费制也就不适合于这个国家㊂而本句s e r v a n tc l a s s 也激活了对v o id 一词的理解,不难得出答案㊂63.B .细节题㊂参见文章最后一段第二行, t i p p i n g ha sb ec o m eu n i v e r s a l ,n o t l e a s tb e c a u s e ,i na n i n c r e a s i n g l y...t o t a x r e v i e w. (指出给小费比较流行,在很大程度上是因为在现代经济越来越不稳定的情况下,小费可以为不断壮大的服务阶层提供像工资一样可靠的收入㊂)因此[B ]为正确答案㊂64.C.上下文理解题㊂参见文章最后一段第二句: N o ts u r p r i s i n g l y ...a m o n g th ef e w d i e -h a r d s ...q u e s t i o n t h e t i p p i n g s y s t e m [C ]s k e pt i c a l 表示怀疑的 最合适㊂65.A.全文主旨题㊂从全文内容看,本文主要讲述了小费制度的形成过程㊂注意区分段落主题与全文主旨的区别㊂P a r tⅣA s t h e c r a d l eo fm a n y d i s t i n g u i s h e d c o m p o s e r s ,E u r o p e i s t h eh o m e t o s y m p h o n i cm u s i c a n d t oo pe r a a sw e l l .C h i n ah a so p e r a ,t o o .T h a t sP e k i n g O p e r a ,w h i c ho r i g i n a t e df r o m B e i j i ng s o m e 200y e a r sa g o d u r i n g th eQi n g D y n a s t y .I t s a p e r f o r m i n g a r t c o m b i n i n g s i n g i n g ,m u s i c ,d a n c i n g an d m a r t i a l a r t s .T h e c o s t u m ee x p o s i t i o n w i l l p r e s e n tt h e 200-y e a r h i s t o r y o ft h i s O r i e n t a l O pe r a a n dt h e p e rf o r m a n c e c o s t u m e s d a t i ng t o th e l a t eQi n g D y n a s t y .T h ec o s t u m ed e s i g na d o p t e de x a g g e r a t i o na n ds y m b o l i cm e a n s a n db r i g h t c o l o r s .T h em a t e r i a l s a r eu n i q u e ,s oa r e t h e t a i l o r i n g s k i l l s .T e s t 2P a r tⅠ㊀S a m p l eW r i t i n gD e v e l o p C o l l e g e S t u d e n t s C r e a t i v eT h i n k i n g A b i l i t yA sw ea l lk n o w ,t h ea b i l i t y t ot h i n kc r e a t i v e l yp l a y sac r u c i a lr o l ei n b o t hi n d i v i d u a la n ds o c i a l d e v e l o p m e n t .H o w e v e r ,w h e nw e c a s u a l l yp i c ku p an e w s p a pe r ,o r t u r no n t h eT V ,k i n d s of c r i t i c i s mo f c o l l eg e s t u d e n t s l a c ko fi n n o v a t i o n a l i d e a sc o m ef l o o d i n g t oo u re y e sa n de a r s .I t i ss a i dth a tc o l l e ge s t u d e n t s a r e g o o d i n l e a r n i n g t h ek n o w l e d g ef r o mt e x t b o o k s ,b u t t h e y a r e r a t h e rw e a k i ng e n e r a t i n g th e i r o w n i d e a s t o s o l v e t h e p r o b l e m s .W h a t c a u s e s t h i s p h e n o m e n o n ?I t h i n k t h e a n s w e r l i e s i n t h ew a yt h a t o u r e d u c a t i o no p e r a t e s .O n e t h eo n eh a n d ,t h e t e s t -o r i e n t e d e d u c a t i o nm o d e l i s t h e p r i m a r y c a u s e .I n t h i sm o d e l ,o u r c o l l e g e s t u d e n t s a r ea c c u s t o m e dt os o l v i n g t h e p r o b l e m so fw h i c ht h es t a n d a r da n s w e r i sk n o w n ,b u tt h e y ar e h a r d l y t a u g h t t o t r yt h e i r o w nn e w i d e a s .T h e u l t i m a t e g o a l o f e d u c a t i o n i s t o g a i n g o o d t e s t r e s u l t s ,n o t t o d e v e l o p o n e s c r e a t i v ew a y o f t h i n k i n g.O n t h eo t h e rh a n d ,s c h o o l s a n d s o c i e t y h a v en o t p r o v i d e de n o u g ho p po r t u n i t i e s f o r c o m m o n s t u d e n t s t o t r y t h e i r o w nn e wi d e a s .W h e na s t u d e n t t h i n k s u p an e wi d e ao n ed a y ,h ew i l l f i n d i t i s n o t s oe a s y to t r y i t o u t .S o m ew o n d e r f u l i d e a s a r ew o e f u l l y l a i dw a s t e d .T h ee d u c a t i o n a la u t h o r i t i e ss h o u l da t t a c h g r e a t e ri m p o r t a n c et o d e v e l o p i n g th es t u d e n t s c r e a t i v e❙答案与解析3㊀❙t h i n k i n g a b i l i t y .W em i g h t s t a r tb y r a i s i n g th es t u d e n t s a w a r e n e s so f t h e i s s u e ,a n dt h e nt a k ee f f e c t i v e m e a s u r e s t oa d j u s tt h e g o a lo fc o l l e g ee d u c a t i o n ,t o p r o v i d e m o r eo p p o r t u n i t i e s ,a n ds e tu p are w a r d s y s t e mt oe n c o u r a g e c r e a t i v e t h i n k i n g on t h e p a r t o f s t u d e n t s .P a r tⅡ1.D ㊀2.C ㊀3.D ㊀4.B ㊀5.C ㊀6.B ㊀7.A ㊀8.C ㊀9.C ㊀10.B ㊀11.C ㊀12.A ㊀13.D ㊀14.D ㊀15.B ㊀16.B ㊀17.A ㊀18.D ㊀19.B ㊀20.D ㊀21.C ㊀22.B ㊀23.B ㊀24.A ㊀25.C 26.c h a l l e n g e ㊀27.d e p e n d e n c eo n ㊀28.h i g h l y a u t o m a t e d ㊀29.p r o p o r t i o n ㊀30.d o m i n a t e 31.P r o v i s i o n ㊀32.i s r e s p o n s i b l e f o r ㊀33.g e o g r a ph i c a l ㊀34.d e t e r m i n a t i o n ㊀35.v a s t d i m e n s i o n s P a r tⅢS e c t i o nA ㊀36.I ㊀37.B ㊀38.J ㊀39.E ㊀40.M ㊀41.H ㊀42.O ㊀43.L ㊀44.F ㊀45.NS e c t i o nB ㊀46.D ㊀47.E ㊀48.B ㊀49.J ㊀50.A ㊀51.I ㊀52.D ㊀53.G ㊀54.C ㊀55.GS e c t i o nC56.B .全文主旨题㊂文中多次出现t r a n s m i t t i n g,c u l t u r a l t r a n s m i s s i o n ,t h e t r a n s m i s s i o no f c u l t u r e 等核心词㊂57.D.细节题㊂根据第二段第一句 T h e g r a n d t o t a l ...a s t h e c u l t u r eo f a g r o u p(社会上每一代人传给下一代人的所有物体㊁知识㊁行为方式㊁习惯㊁价值和态度等的全部总和就构成了人类学家所经常提及的群体文化㊂)可知,答案A ㊁B ㊁C 中分别提到的知识㊁生产技术㊁生活方式价值观念等都属于文化概念的范畴㊂第二段第二句还提到,文化的传递是人类针对其他物种赖以适应环境的 本能(i n s t i n c t) 的替代品,可见答案D 中的 生物本能(b i o l o gi c a l i n s t i n c t ) 不属于文化范畴㊂58.C.生词推测题㊂根据第一段最后一句 t h ec u l t u r a l h e r i t a g e f r o mt h e p r e c e d i n gge n e r a t i o n (来自上一代人的文化)推断,可传递的且与文化相关的事物很可能是 传统习俗或文化遗产 ,故选C ㊂59.D.细节题㊂参见第一段第一㊁二句 M a n i s e n d l e s s l y in v e n t i v e .B u th i s g r e a t e s t i n v e n t i o n ...w h i c h pr e c e d e dh i m. (人类的发明创造力无时不在㊂然而人类最伟大的发明还是 毫无发明创造 ,即人们把从上一代学来的基本行为方式完整地㊁一成不变地传给下一代的机能㊂)60.D.细节题㊂参见第二段最后一句 Y e ti t (c u l t u r a lt r a n s m i s s i o n )i s m o r ef l e x i b l e ...a n y ot h e r s pe c i e s . (然而文化的传递比本能更灵活㊁更有生长力;也就是说,文化传递能储存新信息,其速度远远超过任何其他物种通过生物进化过程来丰富其本能储备量的速度㊂)61.D.全文主旨题㊂第一㊁二㊁三段概述了浮游生物特征,随后两段以k r i l l(磷虾)为例,进步阐述浮游生物的食物价值㊂62.B .细节题㊂参见第一段最后二句 I nt h e p o t e n t i a l f o o dv a l u e ....t h e s e a s p l a n k t o n g e n e r a t e sm o r et h a n t w i c ea sm u c h .(然而,浮游生物的潜在食物价值远胜过陆地上的草㊂根据一位科学家的估计,全世界陆地草每年产出490亿吨宝贵的碳水化合物,而海洋浮游生物的碳水化合物产出量则是其两倍㊂)63.C.细节题㊂参见第三段:尽管还没有人认真提出 浮游生物包 会像汉堡包一样普及全球㊂但作为一种潜在的可培植的补充食物源,浮游生物正引起海洋科学家的极大兴趣㊂64.B .细节题㊂参见第四段倒数第3句 b e c a u s eo f t h e i r p i n kc o l o r ... ㊂65.D.细节题㊂参见第一段第三句㊁最后一句㊂全文对p l a n k t o n 的化学成分是否含有污染物只字未提㊂P a r tⅣZ h o n g Q i uJ i e ,a l s ok n o w na s t h e M i d -A u t u m nF e s t i v a l ,i sc e l e b r a t e do nt h e 15t hd a y oft h e 8t h❙答案与解析4㊀❙m o n t ho f t h e l u n a r c a l e n d a r .I t i s a t i m e f o r f a m i l y m e m b e r s a n d l o v e do n e s t o g a t h e r a n de n j o y th e f u l l m o o n -a s y m b o l o f a b u n d a n c e ,h a r m o n y a n d l u c k .A d u l t sw i l l u s u a l l y i n d u l ge i nd e l i c i o u sm o o n -c a k e sw h i l e t h e l i t t l eo n e s r u na r o u n dw i t h t h e i r r a b b i t l a n t e r n s .Z h o n g Q i uJ i e p r o b a b l y b e ga na s ah a r v e s t f e s t i v a l .T h e f e s t i v a lw a s l a t e r g i v e na m y t h o l o g i c a lf l a v o r w i t hl e g e n d so fC h a n g -E ,t h eb e a u t i f u l l a d y i nt h e m o o n .I n t h e 14t hc e n t u r y ,e a t i n g m o o n -c a k e s a tZ h o n g Q i u J i ew a s g i v e n a n e w m e a n i n g .T h e s t o r y g o e s t h a tw h e nZ h uY u a nZ h a n g w a s p l o t t i n g t oo v e r t h r o wt h eY u a nD y n a s t y ,t h e r e b e l s h id t he i rm e s s a ge s i n t h em o o n -c a k e s .Z h o n g Q i u J i e i s h e n c e a l s o a c o m m e m o r a t i o nof t h e o v e r t h r o wo f t h eM o ng o l i a n s b yt h e H a n p e o p l e .T e s t 3P a r tⅠ㊀S a m p l ew r i t i n gA M o t i v a t i o nS pe e c h H e l l o ,e v e r y o n e !T h a n k sf o rc o m i ngh e r ef o r m y s p e e c h .M y t o pi c i sa b o u t g o a l s e t t i n g,a ni s s u e p a r t i c u l a r l y r e l a t e dt o y o u t h ef i r s t -y e a rc o l l e g es t u d e n t s .F r o m t h e m o m e n t y o us t e p p e d o n t ot h i s c a m p u s ,an e w ,e x c i t i n g e p i s o d eo f y o u ra d u l t l i f es t a r t e dt ou n f o l di nf r o n to f y o u .H a v e y o ue v e r t h o u g h t a b o u th o w y o u a r e g o i n g t o g ot h r o u g h t h ef o l l o w i n g fo u r y e a r s ?D o y o u g i v e y o u r s e l fa m e a n i n g f u l ,u n f o r g e t t a b l e e x p e r i e n c e ?T h e f i r s t s t e p t od o s o ,i n m y o p i n i o n ,i s t os e td e f i n i t e g o a l s f o r y o u r s t u d y a n d l i f e r i g h t a t t h eb e g i n n i n g o f y o u r c o l l e g e e d u c a t i o n .W h y i s s e t t i n gg o a l s s o i m p o r t a n t ?F i r s t o f a l l ,g o a l s c a nh e l py o ud o ,b e ,a n de x p e r i e n c e e v e r y t h i n g y o uw a n t i n l i f e .I n s t e a do f j u s t l e t t i n g l i f eh a p p e n t o y o u ,g o a l s a l l o w y o u r s e l f t o t a k ec o n t r o l a n dm a k e y o u r l i f eh a p p e n .T h a t i s ,g o a l s a r e t h e g u i d e i n y o u r l o n g w a y t o s u c c e s s .I f y o uh a v e a g o a l ,i tw o u l db e m u c he a s i e r f o r y o u t ok n o w w h a t y o us h o u l dd on e x t .S e c o n d l y ,g o a l sw i l lh e l py o u m a n a ge y o u r t i m e m o r e ef f i c i e n t l y .T i m eo nc a m p u s i sm u c hm o r e f r e ea n df l e x i b l e .A n d t i m e f l i e s .W i t h o u tg o a l s t ok e e p y o uo n th e ri g h t t r a c k ,i t s e a s y f o r s t u d e n t s t o l o s ec o n t r o l o f t h e i r t i m e ,w a n d e r i n g a i m l e s s l y f r o m o n e d a y t oa n o t h e ra n df i n a l l y e n d i n g u p f e e l i n g l i k eaf a i l u r e .W h a t s m o r e ,g o a l sa r et h ei m pe t u sw h i c h s t i m u l a t e s y o u t om a k et h e m o s tof y o u r p o t e n t i a l a b i l i t y .M a n y s u c c e s s f u l p e o p l ea i m h i gh ,s t r i v eh a r d a n dm a k eam i r a c l eo f t h e m s e l v e s i n t h e p r o c e s s o f p u r s u i n g th e i r g o a l s .S ol e t ss e t g o a l sa n d f o l l o w t h r o u g h o nt h e m.T h i n k c a r e f u l l y :W h a ta r e y o u rs t r e n g t h sa n d w e a k n e s s e s ?W h a t d o y o uw a n t i n y o u r l i f e ?W h a t c a r e e r d o y o uh o p e t ob u i l d ?W h a t p r e pa r a t i o n s s h o u l d y o u rm a k e f o r y o u r f u t u r e p o s i t i o n i ns o c i e t y ?F i n dt h ea n s w e r sa n dt h e n g e t t h e r eb y m a k i n gpl a n sa n d s e t t i n gg o a l s .S o m e t i m e s y o u rd r e a m o rm i s s i o na p p e a rb et o ol a r g ea n dt o od i f f i c u l t t of u l f i l l .I nt h a t c a s e ,y o un e e d t ob r e a k i t d o w n i n t o s m a l l e r ,s h o r t -t e r m g o a l s ,w h i c hw i l l t a k e y o u f o r w a r d s t e p b y s t e p t o y o u r f i n a l d e s t i n a t i o n .P a r tⅡ1.B ㊀2.D ㊀3.C ㊀4.A ㊀5.D ㊀6.B ㊀7.C ㊀8.A ㊀9.B ㊀10.C ㊀11.A ㊀12.D ㊀13.A14.C ㊀15.A ㊀16.B ㊀17.D ㊀18.D ㊀19.C ㊀20.D ㊀21.A ㊀22.D ㊀23.B ㊀24.B ㊀25.D26.t r e a t m e n t s ㊀27.p r o c e d u r e s ㊀28.c l a r i t y ㊀29.t h e r i s k s a n d r e a l i t i e s ㊀30.r e s t r i c t i o n s ㊀31.m e d i c a l q u a l i f i c a t i o n s ㊀32.i n f e c t e d ㊀34.h a n d i c a p p e d ㊀35.W i n du p w i t h ㊀36.ga z e s i n t o❙答案与解析5㊀❙P a r tⅢS e c t i o nA ㊀36.F ㊀37.G ㊀38.K ㊀39.B ㊀40.E ㊀41.O ㊀42.A ㊀43.J ㊀44.I ㊀45.N S e c t i o nB ㊀46.H ㊀47.C ㊀48.A ㊀49.D ㊀50.C ㊀51.B ㊀52.G ㊀53.H ㊀54.I ㊀55.F S e c t i o nC56.D.细节推断题㊂本文第三段提到,由于室内正常气压与龙卷风中心低气压的差异,平均每平方英寸有2磅的向外压力不能被向内的压力抵消㊂根据第四段第三句 B u t i f t h ew i n d o w s a r e s h u t t i g h t l y,t h e e n o r m o u s i n s i d e p r e s s u r em a y c a u s e t h eb u i l d i n g tob u r s t . 可推知,紧闭的窗户使内外空气不流通,室内压力积聚,最后巨大的室内压力导致房屋爆裂㊂57.B .细节题㊂参见第四段第一㊁二句 I f t h ew i n d o w s a r eo p e n ...o u t s i d e t h eb u i l d i n g. (若打开楼房窗户,室内的一些空气可以流出㊂这将使楼房内外压力得以平衡㊂)58.B .细节题㊂参见第四段第四㊁五句 U n f o r t u n a t e l y ,h e a v y ra i n a n d h a i l o f t e n o c c u r i n t h u n d e r s t o r m s ...m a y c a u s e f a rw o r s ed a m a ge l a t e r . (不幸的是,雷暴雨往往先带来大雨与冰雹,随后便产生龙卷风㊂所以人们经常要关闭所有门窗以保护室内财产㊂)59.A.生词猜测题㊂参见最后一段 B e f o r e t h i sw a t e r e v a p o r a t e s i t i s l i f t e da na v e r a g eo f 80f e e t t h r o u gh t r u n k s a n db r a n c h e s .A n y o n e t h i n k s t h i s a t r i f l e w o u l dd ow e l l t ow o r ko u t h o w m a n y b u c k s i tw o u l d m e a n ,t ow h i c hf l o o r .Q u i t ea c o n s i d e r a b l ea c h i e v e m e n t . (这20顿水分在蒸发之前先要沿树干与树枝平均每日上升80英尺㊂如果有人认为这只是小事一桩,试想一下20吨的水上升80英尺意味着要提多少桶水爬多少层楼㊂)60.C.细节题㊂选项A ㊁B ㊁D 分别可在最后一段的第一句㊁第四句和倒数第四句找到依据㊂61.D.推断题㊂本文开始提到欧洲货币统一是 ah u g e e c o n o m i c e x p e r i m e n t (大型的经济试验)㊂无人知道 w h a t i s g o i n g t oh a p p e n (将发生什么);接下来列举了欧元支持者与反对者两方面的看法,参见第一段第三句 T h e f a n s o fE MUs a y ... ,第二段第一句 T h ec r i t i c s o f t h e s i n g l ec u r r e n c y s a y... ㊂由此可推知作者对欧元的未来保持客观中立的态度㊂62.A.细节题㊂参见第二段第二句 T h e y w a r n t h a t a c e n t r a l l y s e t i n t e r e s t r a t e ...t e n s i o n s i nE u r o pe (他们告诫说,统一的货币利率未必适应于欧元使用区的各个地区,实际上还可能加剧欧洲的经济紧张㊂)63.A.细节题㊂参见最后一段第一句 A l t h o u g he u r on o t e sa n dc o i n sw i l ln o ta p p e a ru n t i l 1J a n u a r y 2002... (尽管直到2002年,欧元才以纸币或硬币形式出现 )㊂故D 对(在2000年,欧元还不会以纸币或硬币形势流通㊂)㊂64.C.推断题㊂根据倒数第二段第一句 T h ee u r oa n di t s g u a r d i a n ...i nt h e w o r l de c o n o m y an dt h e w o r l d s f i n a n c i a l s ys t e m (欧元及其保护者欧洲中央银行将不得不在全球经济和金融体系中证明自己的价值),这意味着作者暗示欧元在1999年欧元正式成为欧洲统一货币后可能遇到困难㊂答案A ㊁D的内容是作者明说的,非暗示,参见第63题㊂65.B .多处细节题㊂A 项在第一段第三句可找到依据;D ㊁C 项可在第三段找到依据;而B 项望文生义,认为欧元将与美元及其他货币相冲突(a c ta g a i n s t ),此句意曲解了本文倒数第二段最后一句的意思 F r o mt h e no n ,t h ev a l u eo ft h ee u r oa ga i n s tt h ed o l l a ra n da l lo t h e rc u r r e n c i e s ...w i l lf l u c t u a t e a c c o r d i n g tom a r k e t c o n d i t i o n s . (从此,欧元相对于美元以及所有其他货币的价值 包括欧元区以外的四个成员国的货币 将根据市场因素而波动㊂)P a r tⅣI nC h i n a , N a k e dm a r r i a g e s ,a l s ok n o w na s p r o p e r t y -l e s s o n e s a r ek n o w n ,a r e e n d o r s e d /a c c e p t e db y i n c r e a s i n g n u m b e r s o f y o u n gp e o p l e .B u t a s t h e yg e to l d e r ,t h e i ra t t i t u d e sm a y c h a n g e .M o r t g a g e so f t e n p r e c e d em a r r i a g e s .A c c o r d i n g t o p o p u l a rb e l i e f ,i fa m a na n dh i sf a m i l y c a n n o tb u yp r o p e r t y he w i l l s t r u g g l e t of i n dab r i d e .I nc h o o s i ng ah u s b a n d ,t h r e e -q u a r t e r s o fw o m e nc o n si d e rh i s a b i l i t y to p r o v i d ea❙答案与解析6㊀❙h o m e ,a c c o r d i n g t oar e c e n t s u r v e y o f y o u n gp e o pl e i n C h i n a sc o a s t a l c i t i e s .E v e ni faw o m a nh e r s e l f d i s m i s s e s t h i s c r i t e r i o n ,h e r f a m i l y a n d f r i e n d s ,n o t t om e n t i o n t h e c o u n t r y s e s t a t e a ge n t s ,w i l l n o t l e t h e rf o rg e t i t .T e s t 4P a r t IM y V i e wo n I n t e r n e tA s aL e a r n i n g Re s o u r c e W i t h t h e d e v e l o p m e n t of i n f o r m a t i o n t e c h n o l og y ,I n t e r n e t i s p l a y i n g a n i n c r e a s i n g l y i m po r t a n t r o l e i n o u rw o r ka n d l i f e ,g r o w i n g i n t oa c o m p r e h e n s i v e t o o l f o r l e a r n i n g ,c o m m u n i c a t i o na n de n t e r t a i n m e n t .A s a l e a r n i n g r e s o u r c e ,I n t e r n e t h a s q u i t ean u m b e r o f a d v a n t a g e s o v e r t r a d i t i o n a l l e a r n i n g ma t e r i a l s i n t h e c l a s s r o o m.F i r s t ,t h e r e s o u r c e s o n t h e I n t e r n e t c a nb ee a s i l y ac c e s s e da n dr e n e w ed p r o m p t l y .A s a re s u l t ,i t c a n c a t e r t o t h e d e m a n d s of t h e d i f f e r e n t p e o p l ew i t h i t s v a s t s t o r e o f i n f o r m a t i o n .S e c o n d ,m o r e a n dm o r e c o l l eg e s t u d e n t sa r eu s i n g I n t e r n e t i ta sa ne x t e n s i o nf o rc l a s s r o o ml e a r n i n g.W e p r a c t i c eo r a l E n g l i s h s k i l l s b y w a t c h i n g E n g l i s h m o v i e s ,a n di m p r o v eo u rr e a d i n g s k i l lb y b r o w s i n g E n gl i s h w e b s i t e s .B e s t o fa l l ,l e a r n i n g -r e s o u r c e so nt h eI n t e r n e ta r e m o s t l y f r e e .P e o p l ec a nd o w n l o a d w h a tt h e y ne e d i n s t e a dof p a y i ng f o r b o o k s .H o w e v e r ,i f n o tw i s e l y u s e d ,I n t e r n e tm a y n e g a t i v e l y a f f e c t o u r l e a r n i n g e f f i c i e n c y.I n t e r n e t i s f u l l o f t e m p t a t i o n s ,f o r i n s t a n c e ,o n l i n e g a m e s a n ds o c i a l c h a t t i n g .I fw ed o n tw a t c hi t ,w e j u s t g e td i s t r a c t e d a n d l o s eo u r s e l f -c o n t r o l ,w a s t i n g v a l u e t i m ew i t h o u t a c c o m p l i s h i n g o r i gi n a l t a s k .I nm y o p i n i o n ,I n t e r n e t h a s b e c o m e p a r t o f l i f e .W e s h o u l d t a k e g o o d a d v a n t a g e s o f t h e I n t e r n e t a n d m a k e s e n s eo f t h ed y n a m i c ,c o n f u s i n g w o r l d .P a r tⅡ1.A ㊀2.C ㊀3.D ㊀4.B ㊀5.B ㊀6.A ㊀7.C ㊀8.C ㊀9.C ㊀10.A ㊀11.A ㊀12.D ㊀13.B14.B ㊀15.D ㊀16.C ㊀17.B ㊀18.D ㊀19.A ㊀20.C ㊀21.B ㊀22.D ㊀23.A ㊀24.B ㊀25.A26.r e l a t i v i t y ㊀27.s t r e t c h i n g o r s h r i n k i n g ㊀28.a r o c k e t t r i p t o ㊀29.I ne f f e c t ㊀30.s u r f a c e 31.i n t e n s e ㊀32.d e m o n s t r a t e d ㊀33.c o n t r o v e r s i a l ㊀34.a ne x i t a sw e l l a s a ne n t r a n c e ㊀35.c o l l a p s e P a r tⅢS e c t i o nA ㊀36.B ㊀37.K ㊀38.I ㊀39.E ㊀40.G ㊀41.M ㊀42.D ㊀43.A ㊀44.N ㊀45.H S e c t i o nB ㊀46.F ㊀47.G ㊀48.C ㊀49.J ㊀50.H ㊀51.I ㊀52.B ㊀53.D ㊀54.E ㊀55.E ㊀S e c t i o nC56.D.全文主旨题㊂本文主要讨论食盐的过度摄取及其健康隐患(高血压)㊂57.D.推断题㊂根据第一段第四㊁五句提到 I tm a k e s t h eb o d y re t a i n sf l u i d s ...h e a r t d i s e a s e a n d s t r o k e :钠使人体保留体液,体液保留量的增长可提高总血容量,从而导致血压升高㊂在食盐摄入不受限制的地区,很多人患上慢性高血压,而慢性高血压又是导致心脏病与中风的主要因素㊂由此可见,食盐是导致心脏病的间接因素㊂58.C.数字推论计算题㊂参见第二段第一句 T h eb o d y o fa na d u l tn e e d so n l y a b o u t 200m i l l i g r a m so f s o d i u mad a y t h ea m o u n t i n 500m i l l i g r a m s ,o r 1/10o f t e a s po o n ,o f s a l t (一个成人每天仅需要200毫克钠 相当于500毫克盐,即十分之一茶勺盐中的钠含量㊂)由此可知,1茶勺食盐的钠含量是❙答案与解析7㊀❙2000毫克(200ˑ10);根据第1段倒数第2句:日本北方农民每天食用6茶勺盐(s i x t e a s p o o n s ad a y),其中钠含量可推断为12000毫克(2000ˑ6),故选C ㊂59.B .生词猜测题㊂根据第二段第三句 a s h a r p re d u c t i o n i s r e c o m m e n d e d 可知,权威人士建议大量减少食盐用量;最后一段第一句认为,采纳此建议意味着食品中缺少盐这种调味剂,食品必然淡而无味很难吃㊂60.C.细节题㊂参见最后一段第二句 S o s o m e p h y s i c i a n s p r e s c r i b ea s a r e p l a c e m e n t s e a s o n i n gp o t a s s i u m c h l o r i d e ,w h i c h t a s t e s s a l t y bu t c o n t a i n sn o s o d i u m. (因此一些医生建议病人用氯化钾充当替代调味剂,氯化钾有咸味但不含钠㊂)本题询问医生建议病人食用氯化钾的主要原因,选项B (不含钠)并非主要原因㊂61.A.参见第一段 P r o t e s t sa t t h eu s eo fa n i m a l s ...t h e p r e -p l a n t e dc a r -b o m b . 和第二段第一句 T h e r e s e a r c hc o m m u n i t y w i l l r i g h t l y b ea l a r m e da t t h e s ed e v e l o pm e n t s (对于用动物做试验的抗议活动在英国出现新的令人生畏的发展迹象 有人试图通过安置汽车炸弹的恐怖手段谋害领命英国科学家㊂对这些发展情况,科研群体完全有理由感到惊恐㊂)62.B .细节题㊂参见第二段最后一句 T h e p r o f e s s i o n a l p o l i c ew i l l s i m i l a r l y b ec o n f r o n t e db y th eu s u a l p r o b l e mo f f i n d i n g an e e d l e i nah a y s t a c k . (警察同样将面临以往那样大海捞针的困难㊂)63.B .指代关系判断题㊂参见第三段第二句 T h e r e a r e s e v e r a l s t e ps t h a t c a nb e t a k e n ,o fw h i c h t h e c h i e f o n e i s t od e m a n do fa l l t h eo r g a n i z a t i o n s t h a te x i s tw i t ht h ed e c l a r e do b j e c t i v e so f s a f e g u a r d i n g t h e i n t e r e s t s o f a n i m a l s t h a t t h e y... (目前已采取数项措施,其中主要的一项是要求所有以保护动物利益为明确目标的组织清楚地声明他们在反人类的暴力行为问题上的立场㊂)该长句结构 d e m a n do fa l lt h eo r ga n i z a t i o n s (t h a t e x i s t sw i t h ...a n i m a l s )t h a t ... 是动词词组 d e m a n d s t ho f sb 的变异用法,其中 t h a t e x i s t sw i t h ...a n i m a l s 为修饰o r g a n i z a t i o n s 的定语从句㊂64.B .全文主旨题㊂本文第一㊁二段提及有人为抗议利用动物做试验而对科学家采取恐怖活动,警方与 防御研究协会 随即对恐怖分子展开追查,但破案成功的机率不大㊂因此作者在第三段提出,研究人员要更加积极自我防卫,采取有效措施,其中一项措施就是要求动物保护协会明确表态不参与暴力活动㊂参见第三段第二句与倒数第三句 ...m e m b e r sa n dw o u l d -b e m e m b e r s s h o u l dd e c l a r et h a t t h e y w i l l t a k en o p a r t i na c t s o f v i o l e n c e a g a i n s t h u m a nb e i n gs . 可见作者写作目的是要求动物保护组织放弃暴力㊂65.D.细节题㊂参见第三段第一㊁二句 T h a t i sw h y t h e i n t e l l e c t u a l c o m m u n i t y inB r i t a i na n de l s e w h e r e m u s t a c tm o r ea c t i v e l y i n i t s o w nd e f e n s e .T h e r ea r e s e v e r a l s t e ps t h a t c a nb e t a k e n ... (因此无论是英国还是其他地方的知识分子团体都必须积极行动起来保护自己,可以采取多项措施 )P a r tⅣT h ed e v e l o p m e n t o fC h i n a s s o c i a l i s tm a r k e t e c o n o m y r e q u i r e s t h er e f o r m o fo u r s o c i a lw e l f a r ea n d s e c u r i t y s y s t e m ,w h i c hi nt u r nh o l d sh i g h e re x p e c t a t i o n sf o rt h e w o r ko fc o m m u n i t y se r v i c e .W i t ht h e t r a n sf o r m a t i o no fg o v e r n m e n t a l f u n c t i o n s ,th ew o r ki n v o l v i n g s o c i a l s e r v i c e s t h a tw a s i n i t i a l l y un d e r t a k e n b y t h e g o v e r n m e n t w i l l h a v e t o b e t r a n s f e r r e d g r a d u a l l y t o s o c i a l g r o u p s a n d n o n -g o v e r n m e n t a l o r g a n i z a t i o n s .O nt h e o n e h a n d ,t h e g o v e r n m e n t w i l ls h o u l d e r g r e a t e rr e s p o n s i b i l i t i e si ni t s m a c r o -m a n a g e m e n t ;a n do nt h eo t h e rh a n d ,s o c i a l g r o u p sa n d n o n -g o v e r n m e n t a lo r g a n i z a t i o n s w i l ln e e dt o i n v o l v e t h e m s e l v e sm o r e i nc o m m u n i t y s e r v i c e .C o n s e q u e n t l y ,t h e r e e m e r g e dan e wi s s u e c o n c e r n i n g h o w t h e g o v e r n m e n t a n d s o c i a l g r o u p s s h o u l dc o l l a b o r a t e t o p r o m o t e t h ed e v e l o p m e n t o f c o m m u n i t y se r v i c e .❙答案与解析8㊀❙T e s t 5P a r tⅠ㊀S a m p l eW r i t i n gT h eB e s t P a r e n t sB a s e d o n t h e c h i l d -p a r e n t s r e l a t i o n s h i p ,p s y c h o l o g i s t s h a v e i d e n t i f i e d t h r e e t y pe s of p a r e n t s :p e r m i s s i v e ,a u t o c r a t i c a n da u t h o r i t a t i v e .C o n f r o n t e db y a 15-y e a r -o l dw h ow a n t s t oa t t e n daS a t u r d a y -n igh t p a r t y ,a p e r mi s s i v e p a r e n tm i g h t s a y : O k a y ,b u t t r y n o t t os t a y ou t t o ol a t e . P e r m i s s i v e p a r e n t sa r ee i t h e r i n d i f f e r e n t t ot h e i rk i d so r s p o i l t h ek i d s t o om u c h .A na u t o c r a t i c p a r e n tm i g h t r e s p o n d , N o ,y o ua r e t o o y o u n g fo r t h a t . E n do f d i s c u s s i o n .A u t o c r a t i c p a r e n t sd i c t a t e ,d o w nt ot h el a s td e t a i l s .T h ea u t h o r i t a t i v e p a r e n tc o n s i d e r st h ec h i ld s v ie w p o i n t ,t h e nd e c i d e s : Y o uk n o wo u r r u l e a b o u tw e e k e n d s .W e a gr e e do na 10o c l o c k c u r f e w.Y o u c a n g o t o t h e p a r t y i f y o u r eh o m eb y 10. K i d sm a yp r e f e r p e r m i s s i v e p a r e n t sa n dr e b e la g a i n s ta u t o c r a t i c p a r e n t s .U n d o u b t e d l y,t h e m o s t b e n e f i c i a l t o t h ec h i l d r e n s g r o w t hi s t h ea u t h o r i t a t i v es t y l e ,w h i c h g i v e s t h e ml e e w a y b u ta l s os e t s f i r m l i m i t s .C o m i n g d o w nh a r do ne v e r yp e t t y d e t a i l e s c a l a t e sm i n o rd i s a gr e e m e n t s i n t oa l l -o u tw a r f a r e ,a n d m a y a l i e n a t e t h e c h i l d r e n f r o mt h e i r p a r e n t s .O n t h e o t h e r h a n d ,a l l o w i n g k i d s f u l l f r e e d o m m e a n s l e a v i n gt h e m g r o w i n g w i l d .O n l y t h e p a r e n t s w h o a l l o w t h e i r k i d sf r e e d o m w i t h r e s p o n s i b i l i t y ,a n d w i t h i n d i s c i p l i n a r yl i m i t s ,h a v em o r e i n f l u e n c e t h a ne i t h e ra u t o c r a t i c p a r e n t so r p e r m i s s i v eo n e s .C h i l d r e nw i t h a u t h o r i t a t i v e p a r e n t s a l w a y s e n j o y ah e a l t h y en v i r o n m e n t i nw h i c h t o g r o w.P a r tⅡ1.C ㊀2.D ㊀3.B ㊀4.D ㊀5.C ㊀6.B ㊀7.A ㊀8.A ㊀9.C ㊀10.B ㊀11.A ㊀12.C ㊀13.D14.B ㊀15.D ㊀16.D ㊀17.A ㊀18.B ㊀19.C ㊀20.C ㊀21.A ㊀22.D ㊀23.B ㊀24.A ㊀25.C 26.e s s e n t i a l ㊀27.p r i n c i p l e s ㊀28.c o n s t i t u t e ㊀29.r u l e s o f c o n d u c t ㊀30.t r a i t s ㊀31.c o n f u s i o n 32.t a l e n t ,e n e r g y a n d p e r s o n a l i t y ㊀33.l i t e r a t u r e ㊀34.f i g u r e s ㊀35.t h e f o u n d a t i o no f t h e i r l i v e s ㊀P a r tⅣS e c t i o nA ㊀36.D ㊀37.K ㊀38.M ㊀39.C ㊀40.F ㊀41.B ㊀42.N ㊀43.O ㊀44.A ㊀45.G S e c t i o nB ㊀46.E ㊀47.F ㊀48.G ㊀49.A ㊀50.C ㊀51.H ㊀52.J ㊀53.I ㊀54.B ㊀55.C S e c t i o nC56.C.推断题㊂参见第一段第一㊁二句 T h em o s t e x c i t i n g k i n do f e d u c a t i o n ...t h a t i s i m p o r t a n t t o y o u ! (最令人激动的教育也是最个性化的,没有比自己去发现重要的东西更快乐的事了);第1段倒数第3句 S u c h p e r s o n a l e n c o u n t e r s a r e t h e p a y o f f i ne d u c a t i o n (这些个人知识遭遇就是教育中的回报)㊂由 e x c i t i n g , j o y , p a yo f f 等词可推知作者认为个人的知识发现是教育中作有价值的部分㊂57.A.推断题㊂参见第二段第四句 B u t t h e r e s e a r c h p a p e r a l s o g i v e s y o u a c h a n c e t o ...s h o wo t h e r sw h a t yo u c a nd o . (但是写论文还给你提供机会去将学校作业个性化,使一份作业适合你的兴趣与能力,向别人显示你能做些什么)㊂58.D.生词猜测题㊂根据下文中出现的 a n x i e t y ㊁ t h r e a t e n i n g 可推知,d i s c o n c e r t i n g 指令人不安㊁焦虑㊂59.C.全文主旨题㊂参见第二段最后一句 S o ,t o p r o d u c ea g o o dr e s e a r c h p a pe r i sb o t hau s ef u l a n da t h o r o ugh l y s a ti s f y i n g e x p e r i e n c e ! (因此,写一份优秀研究论文是一种既有益又万群令人满足的经历㊂);第三段第三句 B u t t h e s e i s n on e e d t oa p p r o a c h t h e r e s e a r c h p a p e r a s s i gn m e n t ...a no b s t a c l e t o。
2021年大学英语四级词汇模拟习题及答案(卷十)
2021年大学英语四级词汇模拟习题及答案(卷十)1.The board of the company has decided to ________ its operations to include all aspects of the clothing business.A) multiplyB) lengthenC) expandD) stretch2.His business was very successful, but it was at the ________ of his family life.A) consumptionB) creditC) exhaustionD) expense3.First published in 1927, the charts remain an ________ source for researchers.A) identicalB) indispensableC) intelligentD) inevitable4.Joe is not good at sports, but when it ________ mathematics, heis the best in the class.A) comes toB) comes up toC) comes on toD) comes around to5.Doctors warned against chewing tobacco as a ________ for smoking.A) reliefB) revivalC) substituteD) succession6.When carbon is added to iron in proper ________ the result is steel.A) ratesB) thicknessesC) proportionsD) densities7.You should try to ________ your ambition and be more realistic.A) reserveB) restrainC) retainD) replace第一题:multiply:vt. 乘,使相乘;倍增vi. 增加lengthen:vt. 加长,使延长vi. 变长expand:vt. 展开;扩大,扩充,发展膨胀,扩张;张开,展开,使膨胀,使扩张;张开stretch:n. 伸展,张开,连绵,一段路,一段时间 a. 可伸缩的,弹性的vt. 伸展,张开,曲解第二题:consumption:n. 消费,消费量,憔悴credit:n.\v. 信任,信誉,信用,信贷,赊欠n.\v. 荣誉,光荣,称赞,给予荣誉exhaustion:n. 疲惫,筋疲力尽,竭尽expense:n. 花费,消费,消耗;开支,经费;费钱之物第三题:identical:a. 同一的;完全相同的,相等的;有同一原因的,有同一来源的indispensable:n. 不可缺少之物 a. 不可缺少的,不能避免的,绝对必要的intelligent:a. 聪明的,伶俐的,有才智的inevitable:a. 不可避免的,无法回避的;照例必有的第四题:come to:v.苏醒;总计达,总数为;涉及,谈到come up to:v.达到,符合达到(标准),比得上,等于come on to:开始,兴盛come around to:转而接受,重新着手…第五题:relief:n. 减轻,解除,救济,安慰,调剂,浮雕,换班,地势的起伏revival:n. 复兴,复活,恢复精神,苏醒substitute:n. 代理,代理人,代用品,代替物vt. 代替vi. 替代,取代succession:n.连续,继续;继承,接替第六题:rate:n. 比率,率,速度,价格,费用,等级vt. 估价,认为,鉴定等级,责骂vi. 被评价thickness:n. 厚度,一层,混浊,含混不清proportion:n. 比,比率;均衡,相称;部分,份儿;面积vt. 使成比例;分摊,摊派density:n.密集,稠密;密度,浓度第七题:reserve:n. 预备品,贮存,预备舍,后备军,保留地,保留,沉默,节制,秘密,储备金vt. 保留restrain:v. 克制,限制,抑制,约束,拘束,束缚retain:vt. 保持,保留;留住,挡住;记住replace:vt. 替换,取代;把…放回原处;归还,赔还1.答案:C参考译文:公司董事会已决定扩大业务,使其包括成衣业务的所有方面.题目分析:本题结构比较简单.考点解析:首先分析题目,根据空格的上下文,主语为The board of the company,宾语为its operations,即公司董事会业务,由此可以确定应该选择含有扩展意思的词语.考察选项四个词汇,B,C和D三个词语的含义比较容易弄混,lengthen的意思偏重于延长,expand的意思偏重于空间的扩充,扩展.stretch是strong的名词,由此可知其意思偏重于力量方面的加强.由此可知正确答案为C.2.答案:D参考译文:他的生意非常成功,但这是以损害他的家庭生活为代价的.题目分析:本题结构比较简单.考点解析:本题主要是考察固定搭配at the expanse of...意思为归...付费,在损害...的情况下.3.答案:B参考译文:首次出版于1927年,对于研究员这个图表仍然是一个不可缺少的资源.题目分析:本题结构比较简单,只需注意First published in 1927为分词短语作状语.考点解析:本题主要是考察选项四个形式比较接近的形容词的意思的辨析,只要知道了四个词语的意思,就很容易选出正确答案.分析题以后可知,含有不可或缺的意思的indispensable是正确答案.注意:选项B和D都是由否定前缀in和形容词构成的含有否定意思的形容词.4.答案:A参考译文:乔不擅长于运动,但如果说道数学,他可是班里最好的.题目分析:本题结构比较简单.考点解析:本题主要考查由动词come和介词构成的短语的意思的辨析.分析题目的上下文并考察选项的四个词组可知含有涉及,谈到意思的come to是最合适的答案.5.答案:C参考译文:医生被警告不要咀嚼烟草代替吸烟.题目分析:本题题干中含有一个固定搭配warn sb.against doing sth.意思为警告某人不要做某事,而本题中为该结构的被动形式.考点解析:分析题目,可知所填入的名词应该满足两点要求,首先要求可以和for搭配,另外根据分析可知chewing tobacco和smoking 是两个并列的短语,所以填入的词语应该是表示别列关系的词语.综合以上两方面,并考察四个选项后可以确定正确答案为 C.注意固定搭配substitute A for B的意思为用A代替B,而replace A with B的意思为用B代替A.注意两者的区别.6.答案:C参考译文:当碳以合适的比例加入到铁中,就可以得到钢.题目分析:本题结构比较简单,只需注意When carbon is added toiron in proper proportion为状语部分,后面的the result is steel为主句.考点解析:分析题目后可知,填入的词语要求可以和in搭配,并且符合题意.由此可以确定正确答案为C.词组in proportion的意思为成比例的,相称的,恰如其分的,合适的.题目中的in proper proportion的意思为以合适的比例.7.答案:B参考译文:你应该尽力可知一下你的野心并且更加现实一点.题目分析:本题结构比较简单.考点解析:本题是我讲过的标志词法解体的一个应用,分析题目,找出标志词and,由此可知try to ________ your ambition和be more realistic.是并列的结构,即两者的意思是接近的.进一步分析ambition 和realistic是意思相反的两个词语,由此可知填入的修饰ambition应该是含有否定或较少意思的词汇.分析四个选项后可知,正确答案为restrain,其意思为限制。
大学英语四级写作分类模拟题(带答案)
大学英语四级写作分类模拟题(带答案)Writing1、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on problems of urban development. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.2、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on whether e-books will replace paper books. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.3、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on how to inherit the traditional culture. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.4、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the advantages and disadvantages of new energy vehicles. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.5、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of innovation ability. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.答案:Writing1、[范文]Urban DevelopmentThe reform and opening-up policy has witnessed the increasing of urbanization rate. Along with the fast pace of urbanization comes not only the rich material life and convenient transportation, but also various environmental and social problems.The most annoying problem of urban development is the increasingly heavy traffic jam. With the rapid increase in the quantity of vehicles, it takes us more time to go to work. Urban air pollution, which is caused by the ever-increasing motor vehicle emissions, is another potential threat to the health of city dwellers. Although various measures have been taken to improve air quality, it is still not satisfying enough. Other problems, such as solid waste pollution, water resources scarcity, food security, are also the results of urban development.In order to solve the problems in urban development, it is imperative to coordinate the relationship between urbanization and industrialization and to promote the construction of smart cities. And new methods and ideas should be introduced to city administrators and planners to solve the contradiction between the improvement of people's living standard and the healthy development of urbanization.2、[范文]Will E-books Replace Paper Books?Though e-books have many advantages, such as space saving, environmental protection and low cost, I strongly believe that they will never replace paper books.First of all, people comprehend better when reading paper hooks. A study showed that people who read on papers in the exam score higher than those who read electronic materials. What's more, despite the fact that the adjustable font size and backlighting will help reading, reading electronic materials will do a lot of harm to the eyes if no adequate precautions are taken. We are already exposed to too much electronic screens, and reading e-books will make it worse. Last but not least, when reading a paper book, we enjoy the peaceful state of mind, and can flip pages backward or forward to really enjoy the pleasure of reading, which is difficult to achieve whenreading e-books.E-books will be more and more popular due to the advance of technology. However, paper books are already a part of our life. No matter which one you choose, the only thing that matters is that you are reading.F-3、[范文]How to Inherit Traditional CultureIt's a popular trend nowadays that more and more people are celebrating foreign festivals, ignoring traditional ones, like the Dragon Boat Festival and Double Ninth Festival. However, traditional culture is the treasure of Chinese national culture and also an important component of Chinese advanced culture. Therefore, we should try our best to inherit and carry forward Chinese traditional culture.To begin with, the government should shoulder the responsibility to urge schools to carry out traditional culture education. Besides, it is an effective way for the young generation to inherit traditional culture through textbooks. Therefore, apart from introducing traditional festivals and customs in textbooks, it is advisable to introduce traditional philosophy and classics in the textbooks based on the psychological characteristics of primary and middle school students. Lastly, cultural innovation is also essential to inherit traditional culture. Only by combining cultural inheritance and cultural innovation can we promote cultural development positively.To improve our international competitive capability, every one of us should inherit the traditional culture creatively and absorb the essence of foreign cultures to maintain the exuberant vitality of our traditional culture.4、[范文]The Advantages and Disadvantages of New Energy VehiclesAs many foreign countries announced schedules to ban conventional fueled vehicles, new energy vehicles spark a hot discussion in Chinese automobile market. Some refuses new energy vehicles due to the low battery durability and reliability and high price, but much more people applaud for it.Admittedly, new energy vehicles are still at the initial stage in which various problems need to be solved. For example, due to the limited charging stations and battery durability, it is impossible to travel a long way by new energy vehicles. High cost is another important factor that barricades their popularity. Nevertheless, new energy vehicles are ideal in addressing energy security and urban air pollution concerns. With no emissions generated and low energy consumption, new energy vehicles are environmentally friendly and cost less compared with conventional fueled ones.From what we have discussed above, it is an inevitable trend for the new energy vehicles to dominate our life because of their various advantages. The government should launch preferential policies and encourage technological revolution to promote the development of new energy vehicles and related industries.5、[范文]Innovation AbilityAs George Bernard Shaw said, "Progress is impossible without change, and those who cannot change their mind, cannot change anything." It cannot be denied that change, especially innovation, is the only way for human to advance. Without the power of innovation, the world will fall into an irrevocable dilemma.Innovation brings chances and changes, which will not only stabilize our nation but also enhance the overall national competitive power. Due to an innovative policy, the reform and opening-up policy, China has undergone remarkable changes over the past three decades, and people's living standard has gone up dramatically. What's more, innovation has been recognized as the sure path to success for any company. Encouraging employees to free their minds and giving them time to think of innovative ideas are effective to increase productivity. As for individuals, cultivating innovative ability is of vital importance for one's professional development.To encourage innovation, investment in research should be increased to encourage scholars to take up the challenges. And corresponding curriculum should be made to stimulate students' interest in solving problems and to foster their innovation ability from the very beginning.。
大学英语四级考试(CET4)模拟试题及答案
大学英语四级考试(CET 4)(恩波英语研究所命制)MODEL TEST— Band Four —(6 MSH 2)试题册(125分钟)-Part ⅠWriting(30 minutes)注意:此部分试题在答题卡1上,请在答题卡1上作答。
Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1~7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8~10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.The T rouble with T elevisionIt is difficult to escape the influence of television. If you fit the statistical averages, by the age of 20 you will have been exposed to at least 20,000 hours of television. Y ou can add10,000 hours for each decade you have lived after the age of 20. The only things Americans do more than watch television are work and sleep.Calculate for a moment what could be done with even a part of those hours. Five thousand hours, I am told, are what a typical college undergraduate spends working on a bachelors degree. In 10,000 hours you could have learned enough to become an astronomer or engineer. Y ou could have learned several languages fluently. If it appealed to you, youcould be reading Homer in the original Greek or Dostoyevsky in Russian. If it didn t, you could have walked around the world and written a book about it.The trouble with television is that it discourages concentration. Almost anything interesting and rewarding in life requires some constructive, consistently applied effort. The dullest,the least gifted of us can achieve things that seem miraculous to those who never concentrate onanything. But television encourages us to apply no effort. It sells us instantgratification(满意). It diverts us only to divert, to make the time pass without pain. Television s variety becomes a narcotic(麻醉的), nor a stimulus. Its serial, kaleidoscopic (万花筒般的)exposures force us to follow its lead. The viewer is on a perpetual guidedtour: 30 minutes at the museum, 30 at the cathedral, 30 for a drink, then back on the bus to the next attraction—except on television, typically, the spans allotted arc on theorder of minutes or seconds, and the chosen delights are more often car crashes and people killing one another. In short, a lot of television usurps(篡夺;侵占)one of the mostprecious of all human gifts, the ability to focus your attention yourself, rather than just passively surrender it.Capturing your attention—and holding it—is the prime motive of most television programming and enhances its role as a profitable advertising vehicle. Programmers live in constantfear of losing anyone s attention—anyone s. The surest way to avoid doing so is to keep everything brief, not to strain the attention of anyone but instead to provide constantstimulation through variety, novelty, action and movement. Quite simply, television operates on the appeal to the short attention span.It is simply the easiest way out. But it has come to be regarded as a given, as inherent in the medium itself; as an imperative, as though General Sarnoff, or one of the other augustpioneers of video, had bequeathed(遗留;传于)to us tablets of stone commanding that nothing in television shall ever require more than a few moments Concentration.In its place that is fine. Who can quarrel with a medium that so brilliantly packages escapist entertainment as a mass marketing tool? But I see its values now pervading this nationand its life. It has become fashionable to think that, like fast food, fast ideas are the way to get to a fast moving, impatient public.In the case of news, this practice, in my view, results in inefficient communication. I question how much of television s nightly news effort is really absorbable and understandable.Much of it is what has been aptly described as “machine gunning with scraps.”I think the technique fights coherence. I think it tends to make things ultimately boring (unless theyare accompanied by horrifying pictures) because almost anything is boring if you know almost nothing about it.I believe that TV s appeal to the short attention span is not only inefficient communication but decivilizing as well. Consider the casual assumptions that television tends tocultivate: that complexity must be avoided, that visual stimulation is a substitute for thought, thatverbal precision is an anachronism. It may be old fashioned, but I was taughtthat thought is words, arranged in grammatically precise.There is a crisis of literacy in this country. One study estimates that some 30 million adult Americans are “functionally illiterate” and cannot read or write well enough to answer thewant ad or understand the instructions on a medicine bottle.Literacy may not be an inalienable human right, but it is one that the highly literate Founding Fathers might not have found unreasonable or even unattainable. We are not only notattaining it as a nation, statistically speaking, but we are falling further and further short of attaining it. And, while I would not be so simplistic as to suggest that television is thecause, I believe it contributes and is an influence.Everything about this nation—the structure of the society, its forms of family organization, its economy, its place in the world—has become more complex, not less. Y et itsdominating communications instrument, its principal form of national linkage, is one that sells neat resolutions to human problems that usually have no neat resolutions. It is allsymbolized in my mind by the hugely successful art form that television has made central to the culture, the 30 second commercial: the tiny drama of the earnest housewife whofinds happiness in choosing the right toothpaste.When before in human history has so much humanity collectively surrendered so much of its leisure to one toy, one mass diversion? When before has virtually an entire nationsurrendered itself wholesale to a medium for selling?Some years ago Y ale University law professor Charles L. Black. Jr. wrote: “… forced feeding on trivial fare is not itself a trivial matter. I think this society is being forced, fed with trivialfare, and I fear that the effects on our habits of mind, our language, our tolerance for effort, and our appetite for complexity are only dimly perceived. If I am wrong, we will havedone no harm to look at the issue skeptically and critically, to consider how we should be residing it. I hope yo u will join with me in doing so.”注意:此部分试题在答题卡1上作答;8~10题在答题卡1上。
四级模拟试题试卷及答案
四级模拟试题试卷及答案一、听力理解(共30分)1. A) 根据所听内容,选择正确答案。
A. 他今天没有参加会议。
B. 他参加了会议,但迟到了。
C. 他没有迟到,但错过了会议。
D. 他准时参加了会议。
[答案] B2. B) 根据对话内容,回答以下问题。
What is the woman going to do this weekend?A. Go shopping.B. Visit her parents.C. Stay at home.D. Attend a concert.[答案] B3. C) 根据短文内容,完成句子。
The speaker is talking about _______.A. the importance of environmental protection.B. the latest technology in smartphones.C. the benefits of regular exercise.D. the history of a famous city.[答案] A二、阅读理解(共40分)1. 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
Passage 1[文章内容]...Questions:41. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The history of the company.B. The development of the company.C. The company's products.D. The company's management.[答案] B42. According to the passage, what did the company do last year?A. It expanded its market.B. It reduced its staff.C. It increased its profits.D. It launched a new product.[答案] A2. 阅读下列短文,回答后面的问题。
2023年大学英语四级模拟试题附答案
2023最新大学英语四级模拟试题(一)Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Popularity of Getting Certificates on Campus. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1.大学校园内多种证书旳报考十分火热2.大学生考证旳利弊3.考证面前,我旳选择The Popularity of Getting Certificates on CampusPart ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Main Energies for the BodyA balanced diet is one that provides an adequate intake of energy and nutrients for maintenance of the body and therefore good health. A diet can easily be adequate for normal bodily functioning, yet may not be a balanced diet.CarbohydratesCarbohydrates are a rapid source of energy, they are the body's fuel. The bulk of a balanced diet should be made from carbohydrates. If eaten in an excess of the dietary requirements carbohydrates are easily stored as fats in the cells, although carbohydrate is the first source of energy in the body. An average adult requires about 12,000kJ of energy a day, most of this is supplied by the respiration of carbohydrates in the cells.Carbohydrates are used principally as a respiratory substrates, i.e. to be oxidized to release energy for active transport, macromolecule synthesis, cell division and muscle contraction. Carbohydrates are digested in the duodenum and ileum and absorbed as glucose into cells. Sources of carbohydrates such as starch are rice, potatoes, wheat and other cereals. Sugars are also carbohydrates, sources of sugars are refined sugar - sucrose, which is a food sweetener and preservative and fruit sugars - fructose. If the diet lacks carbohydrate stores of fat are mobilized and used as an energy source.ProteinsProtein is not a direct source of energy in the body, it is used primarily for growth and repair of body tissues while remaining an energy source as a last resort. Proteins fulfill a wide variety of roles in the body. They are broken down in the stomach and intestines to amino acids which are then absorbed. The body can only form 8 amino acids to build proteins from, the diet must provide Essential Amino Acids (EAAs) which are synthesized into proteins which can be structural, i.e. collagen in bone, keratin in hair, myosin and actinin muscle; metabolic enzymes, hemoglobin, protective antibodies and communicative hormones.Sources of protein include meat, fish, eggs and pulses. The diet needs to provide 8 EAAs as the body is unable to synthesis proteins without these molecules. 2 other amino acids are synthesized from EAAs so if the diet lacks the original EAAs these other two will not be present either. Phenylalanine is converted to tyrosine and methionine is converted to cysteine. Cells draw upon a pool of amino acids for protein synthesis which either come from dietary protein digested and absorbed in the gut and the breakdown of body protein such as muscle. However, unlike fats and carbohydrates there is no store of amino acids for cells to draw on, any amino acid in excess of immediate bodily requirements is broken down into urea and excreted. It is therefore important to maintain the dietary intake of protein everyday. If the body lacks protein, muscle wasting occurs as muscle is broken down.If protein is lacked in a diet a person develops kwashiorkor which is caused when high levels of carbohydrates are eaten to overcome the lack of protein in the diet. One symptom of kwashiorkor is the abnormal collection of fluid around the abdomen due to the lack of protein in the blood. The body cannot retain water by osmosis and fluid accumulates in tissues causing them to become waterlogged.Vitamin CategoriesVitamins cannot be synthesized by the body so must be supplied by diet. Vitamins have no common structure or function but are essential in small amounts for the body to be able to utilize other dietary components efficiently.Vitamins fall into two categories, fat soluble vitamins such as vitamin A, D, E and K which are ingested with fatty foods and water soluble vitamins such as the B group vitamins and vitamin C. Vitamins are known as micronutrients because only small quantities are required for a healthy diet, in fact fat soluble vitamins can be toxic in high concentrations, for example the body stores vitamin A, or retinol, in the liver as it is toxic if kept in high concentrations in the blood stream, a dose of more than 3300mg of vitamin A can be considered toxic. Water soluble vitamins such as vitamin C and B groups vitamins can be excreted in the urine if in excess in the diet.Vitamins AVitamin A is essential to the proper functioning of the retina in the eye and the epithelial tissues. A lack of vitamin A results in dry, rough skin, inflammation of the eyes, a drying or scarring of the cornea - xerophthalmia, which occurs when the secretion of lubricating tears is stopped, the eyelids become swollen and sticky with pus. Mucous surfaces of the eye may become eroded allowing infection to set in, leading to ulceration and destruction of the cornea. Night blindness - an inability to see in dim light can also occur. Rod cells in the retina of the eye detect light of low intensity, they convert vitamin A into a pigment, rhodopsin, which is bleached when light enters the eye. Rod cellsresynthesis rhodopsin, but if there is a deficiency of the vitamin, rod cells can no longer function and the result is night blindness. Epithelial cells use retinol to make retinoic acid, an intracellular messenger used in cell differentiation and growth. Without retinoic acid epithelial cells are not maintained properly and the body becomes susceptible to infections, particularly measles and infections of the respiratory system and gut.Xenophthalmia is common among children who's diets consist of mainly cereals with little meat or fresh vegetables, this is common in Indonesia, Bangladesh, India and the Philippines.Vitamins DVitamin D, or calciferol, is another fat soluble steroid vitamin which functions to stimulate calcium uptake from the gut and its deposition in bone. vitamin D acts as a hormone when converted by enzymes in the gut and liver into an active form of "active vitamin D", which stimulates epithelial cells in the intestine to absorb calcium. vitamin D is therefore essential in growing children's diets to enable the growth of strong bones. Without adequate amounts of vitamin D children can develop rickets, which is the deformation of the legs caused when they lack calcium to strengthen the bones. In adults a lack of vitamin D in the diet can lead to osteomalacia, a progressive softening of the bones which can make them highly susceptible to fracture.Vitamin D is made by the body when exposed to sunlight and is stored in the muscles, however, if the skin is rarely exposed to the sunlight or is dark little vitamin D is produced. Foods such as eggs and oily fish are all rich in vitamin D.Vitamins KVitamin K, phylloquinone, is found in dark green leafy vegetables such as spinach and kale. It is a fat soluble vitamin which is involved in the clotting process of blood. In the intestines bacteria synthesize a number of important clotting factors which need vitamin K. Without vitamin K cuts can fail to heal and internal bleeding can occur.Vitamins CVitamin C is a water soluble vitamin, known chemically as ascorbic acid. It is found in citrus fruits such as oranges and lemons, and also in potatoes and tomatoes. The main function of vitamin C is the formation of connective tissues such as collagen. It is also known to be an antioxidant which helps to remove toxins and aids the immune system. A lack of vitamin C leads to Scurvy, a condition experienced by sailors on long journeys when they did not have fruit in their diets. Scurvy causes painful, bleeding gums. As vitamin C is water soluble, it is not toxic in high doses as it can be excreted in the urine, very high doses can however cause diarrhea.Vitamins BB group vitamins have a wide range of roles acting as co-enzymes in metabolic pathways. They are found in most plant and animal tissues involved in metabolism,therefore foods such as liver, yeast and dairy products are all rich in B group vitamins. Deficiency of B group vitamins include dermatitis, fatigue and malformation of red blood cells.1. An adult needs about 12,000kJ of energy a day from ________.A. the cellB. the respiring process of carbohydratesC. fats in the cellD. a balanced diet2. Carbohydrates are ultimately absorbed into cells in the process of _______.A. digestionB. respirationC. oxidizationD. mobilization3. The Essential Amino Acids which build part of proteins can be obtained from______.A. stomachB. body tissuesC. the bodyD. the diet4. The ultimate cause of kwashiorkor is lack of ________.A. proteinB. carbohydratesC. vitaminsD. diet5. Vitamins are called “micronutrients” in that _________.A. excessive fat soluble vitamins can be excreted in the urineB. the body only requires small amount of vitaminsC. a dose of 3300mg of vitamins can be considered toxicD. the high concentrations of water soluble vitamins are toxic6. Night blindness is a disease normally caused by lack of __________.A. fat soluble vitaminsB. water soluble vitaminsC. vitamin AD. innate disability7. The main function of vitamin D is to prevent adults from ________.A. the growth of strong bonesB. fractureC. a progressive softening of the bonesD. calcium uptake from the gut8. Although the human body produces vitamin D normally, it fails to do so if there is not enough ______________.9. The reason why vitamin C is seen as an antioxidant is that it drives__________ out of the body.10. If you are in lack of B group vitamins, you should turn to _______________. Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) He thinks he’s very o rganized.B) He doesn’t want to join the display.C) He doesn’t think he should lead the study group.D) He knows someone who can lead the study group.12. A) He doesn’t know where his brother keeps his computer.B) The woman should buy a used computer.C) He doesn’t know how much computers cost.D) His brother paid too much for the computer.13. A) It’s been to warm to wear the jacket.B) The jacket is too big for him.C) He doesn’t like cold weather.D) He didn’t buy the jacket until cooler weather arrived.14. A) He started the semester in a bad mood.B) He’s not usually bad-tempered.C) He has few responsibilities.D) He doesn’t like the man.15. A) He forgot to cancel the reservation.B) They can go to the restaurant after the woman has finished working.C) He has to work late tonight.D) They don’t have a reservation at the restaurant.16. A) Use bleach on his socks.B) Buy new white socks.C) Wash his red T-shirt again.D) Throw away his pink socks.17. A) He isn’t satisfied with his progress.B) He wants to move up more quickly than he’s presently doing.C) He has advance quickly enough in his career.D) He feels frustrated as he tries to move up the ladder.18. A) Try on a smaller sweater.B) Look for another style at a different store.C) Give the sweater away as a gift.D) Exchange the sweater for a bigger one.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) She's unable to attend the study session.B) She has seen a doctor recently.C) She's concerned about medical care.D) She mentions the need for some medical tests.20. A) To improve the study skills of university students.B) To suggest changes in the student government.C) To give people the opportunity to speak with a politician.D) To discuss graduation requirements for political science majors.21. A) Graduate school application procedures.B) Funding for university education.C) Winning the confidence of voters.D) Preparing for an important test.22. A) Tell her what to study for the history test.B) Write a favorable letter of recommendation.C) Advise her about how to run an election campaign.D) Suggest a topic for a research paper.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) Boston schools.B) Frontier life.C) Teaching requirements.D) Immigration patterns.24. A) She was a famous author.B) Her family later became famous landowners.C) She exemplifies the immigrant spirit.D) She invented some labor-saving farm equipment.25. A) To the library.B) To the movies.C) To a bookstore.D) To a travel bureau.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some question. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C),and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) They were drawing pictures. B) They were watching TV.C) They were making a telephone call. D) They were tidying up the drawing room.27. A) They locked the couple up in the drawing room.B) They seriously injured the owners of the house.C) They smashed the TV set and the telephone.D) They took away sixteen valuable paintings.28. A) He accused them of the theft.B) He raised the rents.C) He refused to prolong their land lease.D) He forced them to abandon their traditions.29. A) They wanted to protect the farmers’ interests.B) They wanted to extend the reservation area for birds.C) They wanted to steal his valuable paintings.D) They wanted to drive him away from the island.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) Through food. B) Through air.C) Through insects. D) Through body fluids.31. A) They ran a high fever. B) They died from excessive bleeding.C) Their nervous system was damaged. D) They suffered from heart-attack.32. A) To see what happened to the survivors of the outbreak.B) To study animals that can also get infected with the disease.C) To find out where the virus originates.D) To look for the plants that could cure the disease.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) To determine whether the Earth’s temperature is going up.B) To study the behavior of some sea animals.C) To measure the depths of the ocean.D) To measure the movement of waves in the ocean.34. A) They were frightened and distressed.B) They swam away when the speaker was turned on.C) They swam closer to “examine” the speaker when it was turned off.D) They didn’t seem to be frightened and kept swimming near the speaker.35. A) To attract more sea animals to the testing site.B) To drive dangerous sea animals away from the testing site.C) To help trace the sea animals being tested.D) To determine how sea animals communicate with each other.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Dreams are a way for the subconscious to communicate with the __47__ mind. Dreaming of something you’re worried about, researchers say, is the brain’s way of helping you rehearse for a disaster in case it occurs. Dreaming of a challenge, like giving a presentation at work or playing sports, can enhance your __48__. And cognitive neuroscientists have discovered that dreams and the rapid eye movement (REM) that happens while you’re dreaming are __49__ to our ability to learn and remember. Dreaming is a “mood regulatory system,” says Rosalind Cartwright, PhD, chairman of the psychology __50__ at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago. She’s found that dreams help people work through the day’s emotional quandaries. “It’s like having a built-in therapist,” says Cartwright. While we sleep, dreams __51__ new emotional experience to old memories, creating plaid-like patterns of old images laid on top of new ones. As she puts it, “You may wake up and think, What was Uncle Harry doing in my dream? I haven’t seen him for 50years. But the old and new images are __52__ related.” It’s the job of the conscious mind to figure out the relationship. In fact, dream emotions can help real therapists treat patients __53__ traumatic (创伤旳) life events. In a new study of 30 recently __54__ adults, Cartwright tracked their dreams over a five-month period, measuring their feelings toward their ex-spouses. She discovered that those who were angriest at the spouse while dreaming had the best chance of successfully coping with divorce. “If their dreams were bland,” Cartwright says, “they hadn’t started to work through their emotions and __55__ with the divorce.” For therapists, this finding will help __56__ whether divorced men or women need counseling or have already dreamed their troubles away.A. dealB. physicallyC. wakeD. performanceE. makingF. undergoingG. experienceH. divorcedI. determineJ. compareK. departmentL. consciousM. presentationN. linkedO. emotionallySection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.A few years ago a young mother watched her husband diaper (给…换尿布) their firstborn son. “You do not have to be unhappy about it,” she protested. “You can talk to him and smile a little.” The father, who happened to be a psychologist, answered firmly, “He has nothing to say to me, and I have nothing to say to him.”Psychologist now know how wrong that father was. From the moment of birth, a baby has a great deal to say to his parents, and they to him. But a decade or so ago, these experts were describing the newborn as a primitive creature who reacted only by reflex, a helpless victim of its environment without capacity to influence it. And mothers acceptedthe truth. Most thought (and some still do) that a new infant could see only blurry (模糊旳) shadows, that his other senses were undeveloped, and that all he required was nourishment, clean diapers, and a warm bassinet.Today university laboratories across the country are studying newborns in their first month of life. As a result, psychologists now describe the new baby as perceptive, with remarkable learning abilities and an even more remarkable capacity to shape his or her environment including the attitudes and actions of his parents. Some researchers believe that the neonatal period may even be the most significant four weeks in an entire lifetime.Far from being helpless, the newborn knows what he likes and rejects what he doesn’t. He shut out unpleasant sensations by closing his eyes or averting his face. He is a glutton for novelty. He prefers animate things over inanimate and likes people more than anything.When a more nine minutes out, an infant prefers a human face to a head-shaped outline. He makes the choice despite the fact that, with delivery room attendants masked and gowned, he has never seen a human face before. By the time he’s twelve hours old, his entire body moves in precise synchrony (同步发生) to the sound of a human voice, as if he were dancing. A non-human sound, such as a tapping noise, brings no such response.57. The author points out that the father diapering his first-born son was wrong because________.A) he believed the baby was not able to hear himB) he thought the baby didn’t have the power of speechC) he was a psychologist unworthy of his professionD) he thought the baby was not capable of any response58. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A) A new infant can see only blurry shadows.B) A new infant’s senses are undevelopedC) All a new infant requires is nourishment, clean diapers, and a warm bassinet.D) A new infant is actually able to influence his or her environment59. What does the sentence “He is a glutton for novelty” probably mean?A) The newborn is greedy for new food.B) The newborn tends to overeat.C) The newborn always loves things that are new to him.D) The newborn’s appetite is a constant topic in no vels.60. According to the passage, it’s groundless to think that newbornsprefer________.A) a human face to a head-shaped outlineB) animate things to inanimate onesC) human voice to non-human soundsD) nourishment to a warm bassinet61. What is the passage mainly discussing about?A) What people know about newborns.B) How wrong parents are when they handle their babies.C) How much newborns have progressed in about a decade’s time.D) Why the first month of life is the most significant four weeks in a lifetime.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Mobile office is the mutual product of economic,scientific,and social progress.Mobile office has become a solution that provides users with convenient, prompt, safe, reliable, and reasonably priced communications and office faculty anywhere anytime via the support of mobile interconnection platform(MIP)and its applications systems. Using mobile office and WAP technology, people can do their work anywhere anytime, can send and receive data via terminals such as mobile phone, and palm computer, and can surf the Internet.When you leave your office to attend meetings or travel on business,what would happen to your business routine?Of course, faxes and e-mails would be still sent to your fax machine or e-mail box, but you cannot read them and make prompt reaction timely. When your clients need you to make some urgent modifications on your work and you are neither in the office nor carrying relevant documents, what can you do?Maybe you have to say “sorry” to the clients. But, your business will be affected,the clients will be unhappy and disappointed because of your delay,and you will lose a lot of business opportunities.In fact, very frequently, you need to check, reply, distribute, modify, or read some materials when you are not in your office. You must get out of this dilemma. The best solution to normally handle your business anywhere anytime and not to disappoint your clients is to let your office “move” with you. With the development of communications technology, mobile office has become simpler and smaller, and even can be realized via one mobile phone with data communications function. Thus, mobile office has already been put into your pocket, and office mobility has been realized.Mobile office has provided people with convenient, casual working environment, but at the same time it still has some unsatisfactory aspects such as mismatching equipment interface and inadequate battery. Nevertheless, we believe that with technical progress, people can certainly overcome all kinds of difficulties. Mobile office will realize the dream of completely free communication. Users will enjoy more colorful life and better working environment, and users’ living standard, working efficiency, and even enterprises’ production efficiency will certainly be immensely raised.注意:此部分试题在答题卡2上作答62. According to the passage, mobile office help you with the following except ________ .A) keeping update with the latest newsB) checking e-mails any time one wantsC) conducting internet surfingD) finding one’s true love in life63. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the second paragraph?A) You would lose a lot of business opportunities if you always delay your work.B) You should read and reply faxes and e-mail timely.C) When you leave your office your business routine might be damaged.D) When you cannot meet the need of your clients you should immediately say sorry.64. When you let your office “move” with you, you __________ .A) will never let your clients downB) you don’t have to stay at office anymoreC) you then find the best way to handle your business anywhere anytimeD) you no longer face the dilemma between work and life65. It can be inferred from the passage that __________ .A) mobile office communication is very cost-consumingB) with the development of science, mobile office has eventually come to our lifeC) people had no convenient and reliable communications and office faculty beforeD) economic factors are essential in the operation of mobile office66. According to the author, mobile office _________ .A) would help achieve complete communication mobilityB) is too expensive to afford by small companiesC) has some fatal defects impossible to modifyD) is too complicated to operate in everyday businessPart V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work, they have to read all kinds of materials. In _67_a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend _68_can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are _69_readers.Most of us develop poor reading _70_at an early age, and never get over them.The main deficiency _71_in the actual component of language itself-words. Take individually, words have _72_meaning until they are put together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs._73_, however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word at a time, often turning back to _74_words or passages.。
英语4级模拟试题及答案
英语4级模拟试题及答案一、听力理解(共30分)1. A) 短对话理解根据所听内容,选择正确答案。
(1) What does the man want to do?A. Go to the library.B. Visit the museum.C. Watch a movie.(2) What is the woman's suggestion?A. To eat out.B. To cook at home.C. To order takeout.答案:1. C 2. A2. B) 长对话理解根据所听对话,回答下列问题。
(3) Why does the man feel stressed?(4) What will the woman do next?答案:3. He has a lot of work to do. 4. She will help the man with his work.3. C) 短文理解根据所听短文,回答以下问题。
(5) What is the main topic of the passage?(6) What does the speaker think of the topic?答案:5. The importance of environmental protection.6. The speaker thinks it is very important.二、阅读理解(共40分)1. 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
ANowadays, more and more people are concerned about their health. ...(7) What is the main idea of the passage?A. Health is becoming a major concern.B. People are living longer than before.C. The cost of healthcare is increasing.D. There are various ways to stay healthy.(8) What does the author suggest about exercise?A. It is the most important factor for health.B. It should be combined with a healthy diet.C. It is not as important as a balanced diet.D. It can replace the need for a healthy diet.答案:7. A 8. BBThe article discusses the impact of technology on education...(9) What is the author's opinion on technology in education?A. It is beneficial but needs to be used wisely.B. It has no significant impact on learning.C. It should be avoided in educational settings.D. It is the only way to improve education.(10) According to the article, what is the role of teachers?A. To replace technology in the classroom.B. To integrate technology into their teaching.C. To oppose the use of technology in education.D. To focus solely on traditional teaching methods.答案:9. A 10. B三、完型填空(共20分)阅读下面的短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
英语四级模拟题(附答案)
大学英语四级模拟试卷Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on“too much care spoils a child”, You should write at least 120 words but no morethan 180 words.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what wassaid. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A) It is really nice to change them.B) They ought to have been changed long ago.C) They are of wrong colors.D) They are still quite good.2. A) Mixed. C) Enthusiastic.B) Fascinated. D) Disinterested.3. A) Wait until the weather gets better. C) Walk around the city right now.B) Go to visit the park tomorrow. D) Enjoy the snow scene in the park.4. A) He’ll start a new business in properties.B) He has been left property there.C) He’s made a fortune from his aunt.D) His aunt wants his company there.5. A) They didn’t attend the literature class.。
2024英语四级模拟试卷
2024英语四级模拟试卷一、写作(15%)题目: The Importance of Environmental Protection。
要求:1. 阐述环境保护的重要性。
2. 列举一些环境保护的措施。
3. 120 - 180字。
二、听力理解(35%)Section A(7.1%)Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).News Report 1.1. A) A new species of plant was discovered.B) A forest fire broke out.C) A new wildlife reserve was established.D) A rare animal was saved.Question 1: What is the main topic of this news report? (Answer: A)2. A) In the mountains.B) In the desert.C) Near the river.D) In the city park.Question 2: Where was the new species of plant discovered? (Answer: A) News Report 2.1. A) To promote tourism.B) To reduce traffic congestion.C) To protect the environment.D) To build more houses.Question 1: What is the purpose of the new policy? (Answer: C)2. A) By building more subways.B) By increasing the price of gasoline.C) By limiting the number of cars on the road.D) By promoting carpooling.Question 2: How will the new policy be carried out? (Answer: D)News Report 3.1. A) A famous scientist.B) A new energy source.C) A large - scale power outage.D) A new technology for energy conservation.Question 1: What is this news report mainly about? (Answer: D)2. A) It can save a lot of money.B) It is easy to operate.C) It can reduce carbon emissions.D) It has a high energy conversion rate.Question 2: What is the advantage of the new technology? (Answer: C)Section B(14.2%)Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Conversation 1.1. A) She is a student.B) She is a teacher.C) She is a doctor.D) She is a businesswoman.Question 1: What is the woman's occupation? (Answer: A)2. A) English literature.B) Business management.C) Medical science.D) Computer science.Question 2: What is the woman majoring in? (Answer: A)3. A) Reading books.B) Watching movies.C) Playing sports.D) Traveling.Question 3: What does the woman like to do in her spare time? (Answer: A)4. A) To improve her writing skills.B) To gain more knowledge.C) To relax herself.D) To prepare for her exams.Question 4: Why does the woman like reading books? (Answer: B)Conversation 2.1. A) At a restaurant.B) At a cinema.C) At a shopping mall.D) At a library.Question 1: Where are the two speakers? (Answer: A)2. A) Steak and fries.B) Pizza and salad.C) Sushi and miso soup.D) Burger and cola.Question 2: What does the man order? (Answer: A)3. A) She is on a diet.B) She doesn't like meat.C) She is a vegetarian.D) She has an allergy to some food.Question 3: Why does the woman only order a salad? (Answer: A)4. A) To watch a movie.B) To go shopping.C) To visit a friend.D) To go home.Question 4: What are they going to do after dinner? (Answer: A)Section C(13.7%)Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Passage 1.1. A) It is a traditional festival.B) It is a religious festival.C) It is a commercial festival.D) It is a harvest festival.Question 1: What kind of festival is Christmas? (Answer: A)2. A) Decorating Christmas trees.B) Giving presents.C) Singing Christmas carols.D) Having a big dinner.Question 2: Which of the following is a common activity during Christmas? (Answer: A)3. A) Family members get together.B) People go to church.C) Stores offer big discounts.D) There are parades in the streets.Question 3: What usually happens on Christmas Day? (Answer: A)Passage 2.1. A) In the 18th century.B) In the 19th century.C) In the 20th century.D) In the 21st century.Question 1: When was the Industrial Revolution? (Answer: B)2. A) Steam engines.B) Electricity.C) Computers.D) Nuclear power.Question 2: Which was an important invention during the Industrial Revolution? (Answer: A)3. A) It brought great changes to people's lives.B) It caused serious environmental problems.C) It promoted international trade.D) All of the above.Question 3: What was the impact of the Industrial Revolution? (Answer: D)Passage 3.1. A) To make friends.B) To learn new knowledge.C) To get a better job.D) To improve communication skills.Question 1: Why do many people choose to study abroad? (Answer: C)2. A) Language barrier.B) Cultural differences.C) Homesickness.D) All of the above.Question 2: What are the challenges that students may face when studying abroad? (Answer: D)3. A) They can experience different cultures.B) They can improve their language proficiency.C) They can expand their horizons.D) All of the above.Question 3: What are the benefits of studying abroad? (Answer: D)三、阅读理解(35%)Section A(7%)Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the word bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2. You may not use any of the words in the word bank more than once.Passage.The Internet has changed the way we communicate, work, and learn. It has brought great _(1)_ to our lives. However, it also has some negativeeffects. One of the problems is the spread of false information. With the _(2)_ of social media, anyone can post information without _(3)_. Some people may post false news or rumors just to _(4)_ attention or for other improper purposes. This can mislead the public and cause unnecessary _(5)_. Another problem is the issue of privacy. When we use the Internet, we often leave a lot of personal _(6)_ such as our names, addresses, and phone numbers. If this information is not properly protected, it may be _(7)_ by hackers or used by some companies without our _(8)_. To solve these problems, the government should _(9)_ relevant laws and regulations. At the same time, Internet users should also improve their _(10)_ awareness and be more careful when using the Internet.Word Bank:A) convenience.B) development.C) verification.D) attract.E) panic.F) information.G) stolen.H) permission.I) enact.J) security.(1) A) convenience.(2) B) development.(3) C) verification.(4) D) attract.(5) E) panic.(6) F) information.(7) G) stolen.(8) H) permission.(9) I) enact.(10) J) security.Section B(14%)Directions: In this section, you will read two passages. Each passageis followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best answer and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Passage 1.The concept of "green building" has been around for decades, but it has gained more and more attention in recent years. Green buildings are designed to reduce the impact on the environment during their life cycle. They use energy - efficient materials and technologies, such as solar panels to generate electricity, and high - performance insulation to reduce energy consumption for heating and cooling.Green buildings also focus on water conservation. They may have rainwater harvesting systems to collect and reuse rainwater for non -potable uses like watering plants or flushing toilets. In addition, green buildings often use sustainable building materials, which are materials that are either recycled or sourced from renewable resources.1. A) It has a long history.B) It is a new concept.C) It has been ignored for a long time.D) It is only popular in developed countries.Question 1: What can we know about the concept of "green building"? (Answer: A)2. A) To make buildings more beautiful.B) To reduce the impact on the environment.C) To increase the cost of buildings.D) To use more traditional materials.Question 2: What is the purpose of green buildings? (Answer: B)3. A) Solar panels.B) Traditional heating systems.C) High - consumption insulation.D) Non - energy - efficient materials.Question 3: Which of the following is an energy - efficient technology used in green buildings? (Answer: A)4. A) Drinking.B) Washing clothes.C) Watering plants.D) Cooking.Question 4: What can rainwater be used for in green buildings? (Answer: C)Passage 2.E - books have become increasingly popular in recent years. They offer several advantages over traditional printed books. One of the main advantages is convenience. With an e - book, you can carry a whole library in your pocket. You can access thousands of books on a single device, such as a tablet or an e - reader.Another advantage is cost - effectiveness. E - books are often cheaper than their printed counterparts. Publishers can save on the cost of printing, binding, and distribution, and these savings are sometimes passed on to the consumers.However, e - books also have some disadvantages. One problem is that reading on a screen for a long time may cause eye strain. Also, some people still prefer the feel of a physical book in their hands, the smell of the paper, and the ability to flip through the pages.1. A) They are less convenient.B) They are more expensive.C) They are more convenient.D) They are less popular.Question 1: What is an advantage of e - books compared to printed books? (Answer: C)2. A) The cost of paper.B) The cost of binding.C) The cost of distribution.D) All of the above.Question 2: What costs can publishers save when producing e - books? (Answer: D)3. A) Eye strain.B) High cost.C) Limited availability.D) Poor quality.Question 3: What is a disadvantage of e - books? (Answer: A)Section C(14%)Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best answer.Passage 1.The sharing economy has emerged as a new economic model in recent years. It involves the sharing of under - utilized assets, such as cars, houses,and tools, among individuals. Platforms like Uber and Airbnb have become very popular in this sharing economy.For example, Uber allows car owners to share their cars with passengers who need a ride. This not only provides convenience for passengers but also enables car owners to earn some extra income. Airbnb enables homeowners to rent out their spare rooms or entire houses to travelers.However, the sharing economy also faces some challenges. One of the challenges is regulatory issues. Since the sharing economy is a relatively new concept, existing laws and regulations may not fully cover it. For example, some cities have concerns about the safety and legality of Uber drivers. Another challenge is competition with traditional industries. Traditional taxi companies may feel threatened by Uber, and hotels may be concerned about the competition from Airbnb.1. A) The sharing of over - utilized assets.B) The sharing of under - utilized assets.C) The sharing of all assets.D) The sharing of public assets.Question 1: What does the sharing economy involve? (Answer: B)2. A) Uber and Airbnb are the only platforms in the sharing economy.B) Uber allows passengers to share their cars.C) Airbnb enables homeowners to rent out their rooms.D) The sharing economy has no challenges.Question 2: Which statement is correct about the sharing economy? (Answer: C)3. A) There are no regulatory issues.B) Existing laws fully cover the sharing economy.C) Some cities are concerned about Uber drivers' safety.D) Traditional industries are not affected by the sharing economy.Question 3: What is a challenge faced by the sharing economy? (Answer: C)Passage 2.Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly developing and has a wide range of applications in various fields. In the medical field, AI can be used for disease diagnosis. For example, it can analyze medical images such as X - rays and MRIs to detect diseases at an early stage.In the transportation field, self - driving cars are an important application of AI. Self - driving cars can improve traffic safety and efficiency. They use sensors and algorithms to perceive the surrounding environment and make driving decisions.However, AI also brings some concerns. One concern is the potentialloss of jobs. As AI technology replaces some human - operated tasks, some jobs may become obsolete. Another concern is the ethical issues. For example, who is responsible if an AI - driven system makes a wrong decision?1. A) Only in the medical field.B) Only in the transportation field.C) In many fields.D) Only in the manufacturing field.Question 1: Where does AI have applications? (Answer: C)2. A) To make traffic worse.B) To improve traffic safety and efficiency.C) To increase traffic accidents.D) To replace all human drivers.Question 2: What is the purpose of self - driving cars? (Answer: B)3. A) There are no concerns about AI.B) The only concern is the loss of jobs.C) Ethical issues are a concern.D) AI will not replace any human - operated tasks.Question 3: What are the concerns about AI? (Answer: C)四、翻译(15%)题目:中国的互联网社区是全世界发展最快的。
2021年6月大学英语四级CET4考试模拟试卷及参考答案
Part I WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: GraduateSchool or Work? You should write at least 120 words following the instructions given below in Chinese:目前,越来越多的大学生本科毕业之后选择继续进入研究生院学习。
一个重要的原因是工作不太好找。
那么你打算在大学毕业之后选择找工作还是准备继续上研究生呢?请就这个问题谈谈你的打算和主要原因。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet1.Why We LaughWe start finding things laughable —or not laughable —early in life. An infant first smiles at approximately eight days of age. Many psychologists assume this is his first sign of simple pleasure—food, warmth and comfort. At six months or less, the infant laughs to express complex pleasures—such as the light of Mother's smiling face. Between the ages of six months and one year, the baby learns to laugh for essentially the same reasons he will laugh throughout his life, says Dr. Jacob Levine, associate professor of psychology at YaleUniversity. Dr. Levine says that people laugh to express mastery over an anxiety. Picture what happens when a father throws his child into the air. The child will probably laugh—but not the first time. In spite of his enjoyment of "flying", he is too anxious to laugh. How does he know Daddy will catch him? Once the child realizes he will be caught, he is free to enjoy the game. But more importantly, says Dr. Levine, the child laughs because he has mastered an anxiety.Adult laughter is more subtle, but we also laugh at what we used to fear. The feeling of achievement, or lack of it, remains a crucial factor. Giving a first dinner party is an anxious event for a new bride. Will the food be good? Will the guests get along? Will she be a good hostess? Will the knives and forks, cups and saucers be all right? All goes well; the party is over. Now she laughs freely. Her pleasure from having proved her success is the foundation for her pleasure in recalling the evening activities. She couldn't enjoy the second pleasure without the first, more important one—her mastery of anxiety.Laughter is a social response triggered by cues. Scientists have not determined a brain center for laughter, and they are perplexed by patients with certain types of brain damage who go into laughing fits for no apparent reason. The rest of us require company, and a reason to laugh.When we find ourselves alone in a humorous situation, our usual response is to smile. Isn't it hue that our highest compliment to a humorous book is to say that "it made me laugh out of loud"? Of course, we do occasionally laugh alone; but when we do, we are, in a sense, socializing withourselves. We laugh at a memory, or at a part of ourselves.Of course, we don't always need a joke to make us laugh. People who survive frightening situations, such as a fire or an emergency plane landing, frequently relate their story of the crisis with laughter. Part of the laughter express relief that everything is now all right. During a crisis, definitely, everyone mobilizes energy to deal with the potential problem. If the danger is avoided, we need to release that energy. Some people cry; others laugh.When we are made the target of a joke, either on a personal or impersonal level, we are emotionally involved in it. Consequently, we won't be able to laugh.Knowing that laughter blunts emotion, we can better understand why we sometimes laugh when nothing is funny. We laugh during moments of anxiety because we feel no mastery over the situation, claims Dr. Levine. He explains, "very often compulsive laughter is a learned response. If we laugh, it expresses good feelings and the fact that we are able to cope. When we're in a situation in which we can't cope, we laugh to reassure ourselves that we can!"How often have we laughed at a funeral or upon hearing bad news? We laugh to deny an unendurable reality until we are strong enough to accept it. Laughter also breaks our tension. However, we may also be laughing to express relief that the tragedy didn't happen to us. We laugh before giving a big party, before delivering a speech, or while getting a traffic ticket, to say, "This isn't bothering me. See? I am laughing."But if we sometimes laugh in sorrow, more often we laugh with joy. Laughter creates and strengthens our socialbonds. And the ability to share a laugh has guided many marriages through hard periods of adjustment.How could we manage a life with the absence of laugh? According to Dr. Levine, we can measure our adjustment to the world by our capacity to laugh. When we are secure about our abilities, we can laugh at the defects of our own character. If we can laugh through our anxieties, we will not be overpowered by them.The ability to laugh starts early, but it takes a lifetime to perfect. Says Dr. Grotjahn, "when social relationships are mastered, when the individual has mastered...a peaceful relationship with himself, then he has...the sense of humor." And then he can throw back his head and laugh. Both infants and adults laugh for the same reasons.1. Giving your first dinner party is a source of laughter.2. The cues that trigger laughter have been studied by scientists.3. Ordinary people laugh a lot when they are alone.4. If you escape from a dangerous situation you might cry.5. When someone makes a joke about us we are able to share to joke.6. Funerals are a good source of jokes.7. It takes a lifetime to perfect the ability to laugh.8. Laughter is a defense mechanism when reality is too hard or if we hear______.9. A child of one and an old man laugh to show their______ of anxiety.10. Laughter is a social glue that______ our relations.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Andrew Carnegie, known as the King of Steel, built the steel industry in the United States. And in this process, he became one of the (47) men in America. His success resulted in part from his ability to sell the product and in part from his policy of (48) during periods of economic decline, when most of his competitors were reducing their (49) .Carnegie believed that individuals should progress through hard work, but he also felt strongly that the wealthy should use their (50) for the benefit of society. He opposed charity, (51) instead to provide educational opportunities that would allow others to (52) themselves.Among his more (53) contributions to society are those that bear his name, including the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, which has a library, a museum of fine arts, and a museum of national history. He also founded a school of technology that is (54) part of Carnegie-MellonUniversity. Other philanthropic gifts are the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace to (55) understanding between nations, and the Carnegie Institute of Washington to fund scientific research.There are (56) Americans who have been left untouched by Andrew Carnegie's generosity. His contributions of more than five million dollars established 2,500 libraries in small communities throughout the country and formed the nucleus of the public library system that we all enjoy today.A) preferringB) presentlyC) wealthiestD) previouslyE) fewF) investmentsG) fortuneH) expandingI) noteworthyJ) promoteK) helpL) shrinkingM) optingN) obstructO) manySection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A]、[B]、[C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneExaminations have a longer history in China than in any other country, yet it is today an issue around in which controversy flourishes. At each stage of their school lives children are faced with exams: exams to enter junior middle school, senior middle school, vocational school, colleges and universities. As a result of having constantly to think of these hurdles facing them children find themselves under constant pressure, unable to take time off from studying exam-oriented subjectsto relax with friends or to develop other interests. Within school the concentration on exam success leads to the neglect of courses which are not central to the examinations and a method of teaching and learning which emphasizes training the ability to do well in tests but neglects developing the ability to think creatively.Despite such criticisms the examination system still has its defenders. Without it, they argue, how can we test students' abilities and evaluate the effectiveness of teachers and schools? They believe that they provide the only objective way of selecting students and reduce the exercise of unfair back-door practices to gain advantage for children on the basis of influence or corruption. Examinations are also felt to offer the impetus to students to master their subject in a way in which they otherwise might not. "While too much anxiety can be a bad thing, a little anxiety can stimulate students to learn better than if left without any test to pass," says Li Jie, a leading advocate of the value of testing. "I can remember things now which give me great pleasure which I doubt I would have learned at the time if I had not had to do so for the examinations."57. Which of the following statements about examinations in China is correct?[A] People can make money out of examinations.[B] Only students of today have to take examinations.[C] Students have to learn more about history than about any other subjects.[D] People have different opinions concerning the value of examinations.58. What is a possible result if students pay too much attention to examinations?[A] Students neglect those exam-oriented subjects.[B] Students are unable to relax with friends or to develop other interests.[C] Teachers neglect the training of the students' ability to do well in tests.[D] Students only pay attention to the development of their ability to think creatively.59. Which of the following has NOT been mentioned as the advantage of examinations?[A] Examinations are the only objective way of selecting students.[B] Examinations are the only objective way to eliminate the problem of corruption.[C] Examinations can tell us that too much anxiety can be a bad thing.[D] Examinations can better stimulate students to study.60. According to the passage, why are some people against exams?[A] They are meaningless. [B] They will make students learn something useless.[C] They are believed to cause stress for the students. [D] They are not related to the reality of life.61. Which of the following is an acceptable summary of the organization of this passage?[A] Discussing a problem in education. [B] Refuting a long held opinion.[C] Persuading people to believe an idea. [D] Presenting a controversial issue and arguments from both sides.Passage TwoAn opinion poll was conducted in the early 1990's to ascertain the cultural attitudes of residents of five countries in Western Europe (Britain, France, Italy, Spain and Germany). One thousand people, forming a representative sample of the adult population, from each of the five participating countries were interviewed. The results of the poll suggest that though there is general agreement that culture can be defined as a distinct part of life, there are clear differences in the views of various European nations.The poll assumed that literature, history, science, the arts, law, economics and so on would be regarded as significant components of culture by all participants but it set out to examine the areas which they deemed the most important forms of cultural expression. In addition, the poll required interviewees to indicate in a questionnaire the type of education they considered most appropriate for the modem world, the best channels of knowledge and the arts they most valued. The interviewees were also asked which European countries they found most attractive from a cultural point of view.The results of the poll show interesting differences between the participating nations in terms of which components of culture they regard as most important forms of cultural expression. For the French and Italians, literature comes well at the top of the list. In contrast, mathematics is given priority by the British and economics/politics by the Germans. History occupies second place for the French, the Italians and Germans but is given very low priority by the British. For the Spanish these four areas are more or less equal, with mathematics having a slight edge.It seems that members of each country in the survey have a common definition of culture but that definition varies from country to country. The variations tend to support the national stereotypes we have of one another. The French and Italians are literary peoples, the British scientific and the Germans practical and hard-working.France has the distinction, according to the results of the poll, of being the country which provokes most interest from its British, Italian and German neighbors. Spanish interviewees indicated more interest in Italy than in France. The French also placed Italy first. Italy occupies second place for both the British and the Germans. It would seem, then, that the "literary" nations of France and Italy are more culturally exciting than the scientific British or the practical Germans!The view of education in the five countries is particularly illuminating in view of the high cultural priority given to literature by both Italy and France because there is general agreement among the majority of the 5,000 interviewees that schooling should provide scientific and technical education rather than attempt to inculcate literary and artistic culture.The residents of the five countries of the survey share the view that books are the best way of broadening knowledge. The French, Germans, and Italians identify radio and television as the second best means of improving knowledge but for the British and Spanish travel is in second place and conversation and discussion in third place. The poll confirms that, though there are broad similarities among the nations surveyed, the British, French,Italians, Spanish and Germans do not share identical cultural preferences and classifications. There are, it would seem, specific national characteristics.62. What is the passage mainly about?[A] It is about people's preference in spare time.[B] It is about a poll interviewing people's cultural attitudes.[C] It is about a poll investigating people's view toward their neighboring countries.[D] It is about editorial criticizing cultures in different countries.63. Which of the following is NOT included in the questions directed to the interviewees?[A] Do you think literature, history, science, the arts, law, economics and so on should be regarded as significant components of culture?[B] What kind of education is most appropriate for the modem world?[C] What are the best channels of knowledge and the arts you most value?[D] Which European countries are most attractive from a cultural point of view?64. Which of the following statements about "the most important forms of cultural expression" is NOT correct?[A] The French and Italians consider literature more important than other forms of cultural expression.[B] Mathematics is considered most important by the British and the Germans.[C] In the eyes of the French, the Italians and Germans, history is more important than that in the eyes of the British.[D] For the Spanish, mathematics is somewhat more important than literature, history and economics/ politics.65. Which country are British, Italian, Spanish and German interviewees most interested in?[A] France. [B] Italy. [C] They do not share interests. [D] Neither of the two mentioned above.66. Which of the following is regarded as the best way of broadening knowledge by most people in this interview?[A] Conversation. [B] Books. [C] Travel. [D] Radio and television.Part ⅤClozeDirections: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A]、[B]、[C] and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.There are more than forty universities in Britain-nearly twice as many as in 1960s. During the 1960s eight (67) new ones were founded, and ten other new ones were created by (68) old colleges of technologies into universities. In the same period the (69) of students more than doubled, from 70,000 to more than 200,000. By 1973 about 10% of men (70) from eighteen to twenty-one were in universities and about 5% of women. All the universities are (71) institutions. Each has its own governing councils, (72) some local businessmen and local politicians as (73) as a few academics. The state began to give (74) to them fifty years ago, and by 1970 each university derived nearly all its (75) from state grants. Students have to pay fees and living costs, (76) every student may receive from the local authority of the place where he lives a personal grant which is enough to pay his full (77) , including lodging and food unless his parents are (78) Most students (79) jobs in the summer for about six weeks, but they do not (80) do outside work during the (81) year. The Department of Education takes (82) for the payment which covers the whole (83) of the universities, but it does not exercise direct control. It can have an important influence (84) new developments through its power to (85) funds, but it takes the advice of the University Grants Committee, a body which is mainly (86) of academics.67. [A] essentially [B] completely [C] remarkably [D] comparatively68. [A] altering [B] transferring [C] converting [D] varying69. [A] amount [B] quantity [C] population [D] number70. [A] counted [B] aged [C] seemed [D] lived71. [A] public [B] individual [C] private [D] personal72. [A] including [B] consisting [C] making [D] taking73. [A] good [B] long [C] little [D] well74. [A] grants [B] pensions [C] revenues [D] degrees75. [A] payments [B] charges [C] profits [D] funds76. [A] and [B] but [C] or [D] so77. [A] costs [B] prices [C] fees [D] fares78. [A] poor [B] generous [C] kind-hearted [D] rich79. [A] earn [B] take [C] derive [D] offer80. [A] obviously [B] surprisingly [C] normally [D] particularly81. [A] professional [B] intellectual [C] rational [D] academic82. [A] responsibility [B] advice [C] duty [D] pleasure83. [A] damages [B] waste [C] expenses [D] salaries84. [A] over [B] to [C] on [D] for85. [A] collect [B] contribute [C] distribute [D] gather86. [A] consisted [B] composed [C] made [D] takenPart VI TranslationDirections: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87. She has got used to________________________(用吸管喝牛奶) though she is only two months old.88. Depending on what you are looking for, you have to judge for yourself____________________________(这写资料对你来说有多大的相关性)。
全国大学英语四级模拟题10及答案
全国大学英语四级模拟题10及答案Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Generation Gap. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 代沟的表现。
2. 代沟出现的家庭原因。
3. 代沟出现的社会原因。
Generation GapPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the question on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY (for YES)if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.LandfillsYou have just finished your meal at a fast food restaurant and you throw your uneaten food, food wrappers, drink cups, utensils and na pkins into the trash can. You don’t think about that waste again. On trash pickup day in your neighborhood, you push your can out to the curb, and workers dump the contents into a big truck and haul it away. You don’t have to think about that wasteagain, either. But maybe you have wondered, as you watch the trash truck pull away, just where that garbage ends up. Americans generate trash at an astonishing rate of four pounds per day per person; which translates to 600,000 tons per day or 210 million tons per year! This is almost twice as much trashes per person as most other major countries. What happens to this trash? Some gets recycled (回收利用) or recovered and some is burned, but the majority is buried in landfills.How Much Trash Is Generated?Of the 210 million tons of trash, or solid waste, generated in the United States annually, about 56 million tons, or 27 percent, is either recycled (glass, paper products, plastic, metals) or composted (做成堆肥) (yard waste). The remaining trash, which is mostly unredeemable, is discarded. How Is Trash Disposed of?The trash production in the United States has almost tripled since 1960. This trash is handled in various ways. About 27 percent of the trash is recycled or composted, 16 percent is burned and 57 percent is buried inlandfills. The amount of trash buried in landfills has doubled since 1960. The United States ranks somewhere in the middle of the major countries (United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, France and Japan) in landfill disposal. The United Kingdom ranks highest, burying about 90 percent of its solid waste in landfills.What Is a Landfill?There are two ways to bury trash:Dump—an open hole in the ground where trash is buried and that is full of various animals (rats, mice, birds). (This is most people’s i dea of a landfill!)Landfill—carefully designed structure built into or on top of the ground in which trash is isolated from the surroundingenvironment (groundwater, air, rain). This isolation is accomplished with a bottom liner and daily covering of soil.Sanitary landfill—land fill that uses a clay liner to isolate the trash from the environmentMunicipal solid waste (MSW) landfill—landfill that uses a synthetic (plastic) liner to isolate the trash from the environment The purpose of a landfill is to bury the trash in such a way that it will be isolated from groundwater, will be kept dry and will not be in contact with air. Under these conditions, trash will not decompose (腐烂) much.A landfill is not like a compost pile, where the purpose is to bury trash in such a way that it will decompose quickly.Proposing the LandfillFor a landfill to be built, the operators have to make sure that they follow certain steps. In most parts of the world, there are regulations that govern where a landfill can be placed and how it can operate. The whole process begins with someone proposing the landfill.In the United States, taking care of trash and building landfills are local government responsibilities. Before a city or other authority can build a landfill, an environment impact study must be done on the proposed site to determine:the area of land necessary for the landfillthe composition of the underlying soil and bedrockthe flow of surface water over the sitethe impact of the proposed landfill on the local environment and wildlife the historical value of the proposed siteBuilding the LandfillOnce the environmental impact study is complete, the permits are granted and the funds have been raised, thenconstruction begins. First, access roads to the landfill site must be built if they do not already exist. There roads will be used by construction equipment, sanitation (环卫) services and the general public. After roads have been built, digging can begin. In the North Wake Country Landfill, the landfill began 10 feet below the road surface.What Happens to Trash in a Landfill?Trash put in a landfill will stay there for a very long time. Inside a landfill, there is little oxygen and little moisture. Under these conditions, trash does not break down very rapidly. In fact, when old landfills have been dug up or sampled, 40 year old newspapers have been found with easily readable print. Landfills are not designed to break down trash, merely to bury it. When a landfill closes, the site, especially the groundwater, must be monitored and maintained for up to 30 years! How Is a Landfill Operated?A landfill, such as the North Wake County Landfill, must be open and available every day. Customers are typically municipalities and construction companies, although residents may also use the landfill. Near the entrance of the landfill is a recycling center where residents can drop off recyclable materials (aluminum cans, glass bottles, newspapers and paper products). This helps to reduce the amount of material in the landfill. Some of these materials are banned from landfills by law because they can be recycled.As customers enter the site, their trucks are weighed at the scale house. Customers are charged tipping fees for using the site. The tipping fees vary from $10 to $40 per ton. These fees are used to pay for operation costs. The North Wake County Landfill has an operating budget of approximately $4.5 million, and partof that comes from tipping fees. Along the site, there are drop off stations for materials that are not wanted or legally banned by the landfill. A multi-material drop off station is used for tires, motor oil, and lead acid batteries. Some of these materials can be recycled.In addition, there is a household hazardous waste drop off station for chemicals (paints, pesticides, other chemicals) that are banned from the landfill. These chemicals are disposed of by private companies. Some paints can be recycled and some organic chemicals can be burned in furnaces or power plants.Other structures alongside the landfill are the borrowed area that supplies the soil for the landfill, the runoff collection pond and methane (甲烷) station.Landfills are complicated structures that, when properly designed and managed, serve an important purpose. In the future, new technologies called bioreactors will be used to speed the breakdown of trash in landfills and produce more methane.1. The passage gives a general description of the structure and use ofa landfill.2. Most of the trash that Americans generate ends up in landfills.3. Compared with other major industrialized countries, America buries amuch higher percentage of its solid waste in landfills.4. Landfills are like compost piles in that they speed up decomposition of the buried trash.5. In most countries the selection of a landfill site is governed by rules and regulations.6. In the United States the building of landfills is the job ofboth federal and local governments.7. Hazardous wastes have to be treated before being dumped into landfills.1.[Y][N][NG]2.[Y][N][NG]3.[Y][N][NG]4.[Y][N][NG]5.[Y][N][NG]6.[Y][N][NG]7.[Y][N][NG]8. Customers are typically , although residents may also use the landfill.9. The tipping fees vary from per ton. These fees are used to pay for operation costs.10. Along the site, there are for materials that are not wanted or legally banned by the landfill.Part III Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. [A]In an office. [B]On a farm. [C]In a clinic. [D]In a restaurant.12. [A]When he was sixteen. [B]When he was twenty-one.[C]When he was thirteen. [D]When he was eighteen.13. [A]Thursday 9 am—5 pm. [B]Saturday 9 am—5 pm.[C]Sunday 2 am—5 pm. [D]Monday 2 am—5 pm.14. [A]She shopped. [B]She sewed.[C]She repaired her car. [D]She bought some tobacco.15. [A]Help the woman. [B]Go home at five o’clock.[C]Type some letters. [D]Work together with Mr. Smith.16. [A]The first speaker. [B]Merry. [C]Linda. [D]The second speaker.17. [A]He needs to sleep for three or four hours. [B]He wants to buya set of coffee cups.[C]He will need more than one cup of coffee. [D]He has been wide awake for time.18. [A]On the 2nd floor. [B]On the 3rd floor.[C]On the 9th floor. [D]On the 4th floor.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. [A]Go to summer school. [B]Take a vacation.[C]Stay at home. [D]Earn some money.20. [A]They hired someone to stay in their home. [B]They left their pets with neighbors.[C]They rented their house to a student.[D]They asked their gardener to watch their home.21. [A]Walking the dog. [B]Cutting the grass.[C]Watching the children. [D]Feeding the fish.22. [A]They attend a house sitter’s party. [B]They check a house sitter’s references.[C]They interview a house sitter’s friends.[D]They look at a house sitter’s trans cripts.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. [A]University education. [B]Planning for post-graduate studies. [C]Job hunting. [D]Advertising jobs.24. [A]About one half. [B]About one third.[C]About one fourth. [D]About one fifth.25. [A]Work. [B]Do further study. [C]Travel. [D]Take time off.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D].Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.[A]The care and proper selection of dogs for family pets.[B]Different breeds of dogs.[C]Responsibility for seeing that dogs are properly cared for. [D]Different kinds of books about dogs.27.[A]Children.[B]Family.[C]Parents.[D]ASPCA.28.[A]When you have small children.[B]When you live in an apartment. [C]When space is limited.[D]When you live in the city.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have justheard.29.[A]Three minutes.[B]Two minutes.[C]One minutes.[D]Five minutes.30.[A]To win a competition. [B]T o break a record.[C]T o deliver the news of victory. [D]T o win the first prize. 31.[A]Because he is over the fellow runners. [B]Because he is over former runners.[C]Because he is over his own body. [D]Because he wins the prize.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32.[A]It is the smallest one of all the stars.[B]It is the nearest one to the earth.[C]It is the biggest one of all the stars.[D]It is the farthest one from the earth.33.[A]The moon.[B]Other planets.[C]Both A and B.[D]Neither A norB.34.[A]Do much research in many fields of science.[B]Understand people in other countries better.[C]Both A and B.[D]Neither A nor B.35.[A]The earth is a planet.[B]Stars in the sky are actually as small as they look.[C]Satellites are all made by men.[D]Men can conquer other planets.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for thesecond time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in you own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Holiday shopping is an exciting and (36) thing to do for many people. They love the crowds, the time spent picking out that (37) gift for a loved one.Then there are those of us who hate crowds. Robb Empson used to be one of those (38) holiday gift buyers. Not anymore. The 50 year old man checked off his (39) gift list two weeks ago-shopping online. Knowing he doesn’t have to visit (40) during the crowded holiday season is a “wonderful feeling,” said Empson, who has been full of (41) online shopper for several years. This year, he spent about 700 dollar on a (42) holiday gifts from Amazon. com. (43) , Internet holiday sales grew 28 percent last year and 54 percent in 2000.(44) .Many are turning to online shopping as an alternative. The idea of shopping in your soft loose clothes you wear at home is pretty cool to those who hate shopping. The perfect gift is out there; one needs merely to surf the Web.(45) .With the click of a mouse, consumers can send flowers and gifts to distant relatives. Shopping online can be safe and convenient. Consumers need onlyto know the rules and to take steps to protect themselves.(46).Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.In recent years, more and more foreigners are involved in the teaching programs of the United States. Both the advantages and the disadvantages47using foreign faculty in teaching positions have to be48 , of course. It can be said that the foreign background that makes the faculty member from abroad an asset also49 problems of adjustment, both for the university and for the individual. The foreign research scholar usually isolates himself in the laboratory as a means of protection; 50, what he needs is to be fitted to a highly organized university system quite different from51at home. He is faced in his daily work with differences in philosophy, arrangements of courses and methods of teaching. Both the visiting professor and his students52a common ground in each other’s cultures, some concept of what is already in the minds of American students is53for the foreign professor. While helping him to adapt himself to his new environment, the university must also54certain adjustments in order to take full advantage of what the newcomer can55. It isn’t always known how to make creative use of foreign faculty,especially at smaller colleges. This is thought to be a56where further study is called for. The findings of such a study will be of value to colleges and universities with foreign faculty.[A]field [B]possess [C]considered[D]express [E]offer [F]create[G]required [H]of [I]emerge[J]make [K]lack [L] however[M] scope [N] cause [O] thatSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D].You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns. It is sometimes placed among “situations vacant”, although it does not offer anyone a job, and sometimes it appears among “situations wanted”, although it is not placed by someone looking for a job, either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.“Contact us before writing your application”, or “Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history”, is how it is usually expressed. The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also an indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae(or job history), with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right.There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application. “Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams”, was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could write and were available for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest. It might be the aggr essive approach. “Your search is over. I am the person you are looking for”, was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job interview.There is no doubt, however, that it is increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.57. The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns. [A]informs job hunters of the opportunities available[B]promises to offer useful advice to those looking for employment [C]divides available jobs into various types [D]informs employers of the people available for work58. Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has been created because.[A]there is a lack of jobs available for artistic people[B]there are so many top level jobs available[C]there are so many people out of work[D]the job history is considered to be a work of art59. In the past it was expected that first job hunters would .[A]write an initial letter giving their life history[B]pass some exams before applying for a job[C]have no qualifications other than being able to read and write [D]keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview 60. Later, as one went on to apply for more important jobs, one was advised to include in the letter .[A]something that would distinguish one from other applicants[B]hinted information about the personality of the applicant[C]o ne’s advantages over others in applying for the job [D]an occasional trick with the aggressive approach61. The curriculum vitae has become such an important document because . [A]there has been an increase in the number of jobs advertised [B]there has been an increase in the number of applicants with degrees [C]jobs are becoming much more complicated nowadays[D]the other processes of applying for jobs are more complicated Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments. Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics saythat after a long time, rent control may have negative effects. Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits. Therefore, they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits. They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent-controlled. As a result, new apartments are not built. Many people who need apartments cannot find any. According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way. The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers. The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled, low-paying jobs. However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers. They will replace workers with machinery. The price, which is the wage that employers must pay, increases. Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases. Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment. Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage.Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity. Because of the law, workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum. Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages.Economic theory predicts the results of economic decisions such asdecisions about farm production, rent control, and the minimum wage. The prediction s may be correct only if “other things are equal”. Economists do not agree on some of the predictions. They also do not agree on the value of differentdecisions. Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it. Economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic questions.62.There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may .[A]cause a shortage of apartments[B]worry those who rent apartments as homes[C]increase the profits of landlords[D]encourage landlords to invest in building apartment63.According to the critics, rent control .[A]will always benefit those who rent apartments[B]is unnecessary [C]will bring negative effects in the long run[D]is necessary under all circumstances64.The problem of unemployment will arise .[A]if the minimum wage is set too high[B]if the minimum wage is set too low[C]if the workers are unskilled[D]if the maximum wage is set65.The passage tells us .[A]the relationship between supply and demand[B]the possible results of government controls[C]the necessity of government control[D]the urgency of getting rid of government controls66.Which of the following statements is NOT true?[A]The results of economic decisions can not always be predicted. [B]Minimum wage can not always protect employees.[C]Economic theory can predict the results of economic decisions if other factors are not changing.[D]Economic decisions should not be based on economic theory.Part ⅤCloze(15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never-ending flood of words. In 67 a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend 68 can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are 69 readers. Most of us develop poor reading 70 at an early age, and never get over them. The maindeficiency 71 in the actual stuff of language itself-words. Taken individually, words have 72 meaning until they are strung together into phrased, sentences and paragraphs. 73 , however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing to 74 words or passages. Regression, the tendency to look back over 75 you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading. Another habit which 76 down the speed of reading is vocalization-sounding each word either orally or mentally as 77 reads.To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an 78 , which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed. The bar is set at a slightly faster rate 79 the reader finds comfortable, in o rder to ”stretch“ him. The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, 80 word-by-word reading, regression and sub vocalization, practically impossible.At first 81 is sacrificed for speed. But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, 82 your comprehension will improve. Many people have found 83 reading skill drastically improved after some training. 84 Charlce Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute 85 the training, now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute. He is delighted that how he can 86 a lot more reading material in a short period of time.67.[A]applying [B]doing [C]offering [D]getting68.[A]quickly [B]easily [C]roughly [D]decidedly69.[A]good [B]curious [C]poor [D]urgent70.[A]training [B]habits [C]situations [D]custom71.[A]lies [B]combines [C]touches [D]involves72.[A]some [B]A lot [C]little [D]dull73.[A]Fortunately [B]In fact [C]Logically [D]Unfortunately74.[A]reuse [B]reread [C]rewrite [D]recite75.[A]what [B]which [C]that [D]if76.[A]scales [B]cuts [C]slows [D]measures77.[A]some one [B]one [C]he [D]reader78.[A]accelerator [B]actor [C]amplifier [D]observer79.[A]then [B]as [C]beyond [D]than80.[A]enabling [B]leading [C]making [D]indicating81.[A]meaning [B]comprehension [C]gist [D]regression82.[A]but [B]nor [C]or [D]for83.[A]our [B]your [C]their [D]such a84.[A]Look at [B]Take [C]Make [D]Consider85.[A]for [B]in [C]after [D]before86.[A]master [B]go over [C]present [D]get throughPart Ⅵ Translation(5 minutes)Direction: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating intoEnglish the Chinese given in brackets.87.But for his help, I (我不可能这么早完成).88.I don’t mind your(延期做出决定) the decision as long as it is not too late.89.Over a third of the population was estimated(无法获得) to the health service.90.It is no good waiting for the bus,(我们不妨走回家吧)./doc/2017977952.html,st week, Tom and his friends celebrated his twentieth birthday, (尽情地唱歌跳舞).答案Part I Writing【写作思路】本文是一篇关于代沟的论文。
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大学英语四级模拟题十Part I Listening Comprehension (35’)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations and 1 long conversation.At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked aboutwhat was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you mustread the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the bestanswer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a singleline through the center.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡上对应题号作答。
1. A) At 9:15. B) Before 9:15. C) At 9:30. D) Before 9:50.2. A) He does not understand it. B) He does not like it.C) He is used to it. D) He does not have to take it.3. A) They were in a doctor’s office.B) They worked in the same office.C) They were in a workshop.D) They were talking in the weight lifting room at the gym.4. A) Carry the suitcase with the woman.B) Carry the suitcase upstairs.C) Carry the suitcase up to the plane.D) Carry the suitcase down to the ship.5. A) At eight o’clock. B) At nine o’clock.C) At ten o’clock. D) An hour later.6. A) He broke his leg. B) He caught a cold.C) He had a car accident. D) He didn’t like to go to dance with the girl.7. A) He doesn’t know what he wants to do.B) He likes to work this summer.C) He wonders whether the woman has a job.D) He can’t decide where to go on vacation.8. A) At a hairdresser’s. B) At a tailor’sC) At a photographer’s. D) At a butcher’s.9. A) The content of the note book.B) What the woman wrote in the note.C) Why people are not allowed to talk in the library.D) Whether people can smoke in the library.10. A) Because it’s bad for her health. B) Because it had bad influences on children.C) Because it makes him smell. D) Because it makes him cough.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.11. A) He is not satisfied with his present job.B) He worries too much about his grandmother.C) People dislike his food.D) He is going to be fired.12. A) He learned it in a training center of cooking.B) He learned it from his grandmother.C) He learned it from his mother.D) He learned it from his wife.13. A) He dislikes other businessmen.B) He wants to have more chance to go on business.C) He doesn’t want to trouble others.D) He wants to be self-employed.14. A) Whether he would have enough funds.B) Whether his food is to the customers’ taste.C) Whether his family members would support him.D) Whether he can pay less tax to the government.15. A) Daniel gets encouragement from his friend Misha.B) The two speakers haven’t seen each other for a long time.C) Daniel wants to be in the food business.D) Daniel’s grandmother is an experienced businesswoman.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 2 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡上对应题号作答。
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) His age and appearance. B) His personality.C) His scholarship. D) His relationship with students.精品文档17. A) No. Because he knows what he says in class will affect his students all theirlives.B) Yes. But he never fails to apologize if he does.C) No. Because he is always well prepared before stepping onto the platform.D) Yes. But he is willing to learn.18. A) Mutual respect and understanding. B) Mutual love and affection.C) Mutual help and encouragement. D) Mutual trust and support.19. A) He sees them all as talented young people.B) He sees them all as self-centered individuals.C) He sees them all each as understanding, respectful individuals.D) He sees them each as an individual with a unique personality.20. A) An ideal teacher should always set an example for his students.B) Both teachers and students benefit in the process of teaching and learning.C) Students should never expect their teachers to be ideal.D) Those who are trying to improve themselves constantly are ideal teachers. Questions 21 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.21. A) Not until 1609. B) In 59 B.C.C) Much later than it did in China. D) In the early 17th century.22. A) 700 years. B) Over 2000 years.C) About 760 years. D) About 380 years.23. A) In London, Great Britain. B) In Amsterdam, the Netherlands.C) In Boston, the United States. D) In Rome, Italy.24. A) English language newspapers. B) Chinese language newspapers.C) Japanese language newspapers. D) German language newspapers.25. A) Japan is the country where people read more newspapers.B) Boston seems to be the center of the world’s newspaper industry.C) More people read newspapers in Chinese than in any other languages.D) China developed newspaper printing long before any other country in theworld.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When thepassage is read for the second time, fill in the blanks with the exact wordsyou have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, youshould check what you have written.注意:此部分试题请在答题纸上作答。