国际货代英语完整讲义 Unit 15 Multimodal Transport
货代英语外贸英语缩写
Unit 1Scope of Freight Forwarding Services freight forwarder 货运代理/货物代理人foreign exchange 外汇/外国汇票bills of lading 提单commission agent 委托代理人letter of credit 信用证customs clearance 清关special cargoes 特殊货物project cargoes 工程货物heavy crane 重吊customs terminal 海关站trade contract 贸易合同general cargo 杂货transit operations 运输进程Unit 2 Incoterms 2000-Six Major Trade Terms inland waterway transport 内河运输clear the goods for export 办理货物出口清关手续insurance policy 保险单insurance premium 保险费charges 费用port 口岸point 点premise 所在地collection vehicle 提货的车辆be in conformity with 与---相符formalities 手续packing costs 包装费用transfer of risks 风险转移in accordance with 按照no obligation 无义务mode of transport 运输方式exchange control 外汇管制Unit 3 Terms of Shipment in the Contract for the International Sale of Goodsports of call 挂靠港/停泊港expiry date 有效期presentation of documents 交单partial shipments 分批装运shipping documents 装运单据/运输单据liner transport 班轮运输shipping by chartering 租船运输sailing schedule 船期表liner freight tariff 班轮运价表weight ton 重量吨measurement ton 尺码吨direct additional 直航附加费transshipment additional 转船附加费port additional 口岸附加费port congestion surcharge 口岸拥堵附加费alteration of destination additional 变更卸货港附加费deviation surcharge 绕航附加费optional additional 选卸附加费bunker surcharge 燃油附加费additional for excess of liability 逾额责任附加费dispatch money 速遣费shipping space 舱位Unit 4 International Cargo Transportation Insuranceinsurance broker 保险经纪人in transit 运输中Particular Average 单独海损general average 一路海损partial loss 部份损失stranded vessel 搁浅船Free of Particular Average(FPA) 平安险（单独海损不赔）With Average/With Particular Average(WA/WPA) 水渍险All Risks(AR) 一切险War and Strikes, Riots and Civil Commotions 战争、罢工、暴动和民变（风险）bulk cargo 散货deductible franchise 绝对免赔额general cargo 杂货/普通货物inherent vice 内在缺点/固有缺点insurance fund 保险基金insurance company 保险公司insurance contract 保险合同insurance clauses 保险条款insurance period 保险期限insurance agent 保险代理人actual total loss 实际全损constructive total loss 推定全损force majeure 不可抗力full insurance 足额保险general average contribution 一路海损分摊marine insurance 海上保险notice of claim 索赔通知partial loss 部份损失perils of the sea 海上风险rate of premium 保险费率returns of premium 保险退费validity of policy 保险单的有效期valued policy 定值保险单voyage policy 航次保险单war risk 战争险wear and tear 自然磨损Unit 5 The Practice of International Ocean cargo Transportationinternational trade 国际贸易carriage of goods by sea 海上货物运输pattern of international trade 国际贸易方式shipping market 航运市场non-conference lines 非班轮公会航线non-vessel operating common carrier(NVOCC) 无营运船公共承运人tramp service 不按期船运输conference lines 班轮公会航线scheduled service 按期航运common carrier 公共承运人shipping conference 班轮公会freight rate 运费率supply and demand 供求bill of lading, B/L 提单sea waybill 海运单shipping note 托运单/装货通知单delivery order 提货单mate's receipts 大副收据/收货单contract of carriage 货物运输合同receipt for goods 货物收据document of title 物权凭证port authorities 港务局/口岸主管机关shipping space 舱位liner service 班轮运输sailing schedule 船期表cargo seawothiness 适货shipowner 船舶所有人/船东ship operator 船舶经营人merchant ship 商船passenger ship 客船general cargo ship 杂货船oil tanker 油船container ship 集装箱船multipurpose cargo vessel 多用途船roll on/roll off ship or ro/ro ship 滚装船freight manifest 运费清单shipping order 装货单loading list or cargo list 装货清单dangerous cargo list 危险品清单damage cargo list 货物残损单cargo tracer 货物查询单actual carrier 实际承运人voyage charter 航次租船bareboat charter 光船租船cancelling date 解约日multimodal transportation 多式联运stowage plan 积载图notice of readiness 准备就绪通知书Unit 7 Chartering Shipping or Tramp Shipping en route 在途中port dues 口岸费canal tolls 运河通行费light dues 灯标费harbour dues 港务费forwarding agent 货运代理人long term contract 长期合同external capital 外部投资方案2（一）船代Shipping agent 船舶代理Handling Agent 操作代理Booking Agent 订舱代理Cargo Canvassing 揽货FFF：Freight Forwarding Fee 货代佣金Brokerage / Commission 佣金（二）订舱Booking 订舱Booking Note 订舱单Booking Number 订舱号Dock Receipt 场站收据M/F (Manifest ) ：a manifest that lists only cargo, without freight and charges 舱单Cable/Telex Release 电放A Circular Letter 通告信/通知书PIC：Person in Charge 具体负责操作人员The said party 所涉及的一方On Board B/L：On Board提单 A B/L in which a carrier acknowledges that goods have been placed on board a certain vessel。
国际货代英语
Unit 1 International trade 国际贸易❖Exchange交换＿Capital 资金＿goods 货物＿Services服务❖Borders国界❖Territories 领土❖Significant share重要的部分＿国内生产总值gross domestic product GDP❖Increasing international trade 增长的国际贸易is crucial to the continuance of globalization是持续全球化的关键❖Major source of economic revenue经济收入的主要来源❖International Trade国际贸易❖More costly更昂贵❖ A border国界involve增加additional cost附加成本＿Tariffs关税＿Time costs时间成本◆Border delays and costs国界延迟和成本◆Difference不同◆Language语言◆Legal system法律体系◆Culture文化❖Risks in international trade 国际贸易的风险◆Multilateral trade 多边贸易＿Economic risks经济风险＿Political risks政治风险◆外汇短缺◆政党❖Economic risks经济风险＿Insolvency of the buyer买方破产＿The failure of the buyer to pay the amount due with six months after the due date应付款日6个月内买方没有付款＿Non acceptance没有承兑＿The risk of exchange rate汇率风险❖Political risks政治风险＿Cancellation or non renewal of export or import licences取消或不补充进出口许可证＿War risk 战争险＿Risk of expropriation征收or confiscation没收of importer’s company 进口方公司＿Risk of inposition强迫接受of an import ban进口禁令after the shipment of the goods货物装上船＿Transfer risk货币兑换风险＿Imposition of exchange control货币管控的强迫接受＿Foreign currency shortage外币短缺＿Influence of political parties政党影响❖WTO国际贸易组织的职能◆Uruguay Round乌拉圭回合◆Multilateral trade多边贸易❖Basic Functions 国际贸易组织的基本职能1. 实施、管理、运行WTO协议和附件2. 多边贸易协商的论坛3. 为解决争端提供公断4. 为成员国检查贸易政策和实务❖Additional Functions 国际贸易组织的附加职能＿Cooperate with◆国际货币基金组织IMF◆世界银行The world bank❖国际贸易步骤＿Market research市场调研❖Barriers壁垒＿Import duties进口关税＿Import licenses进口许可证＿Export licenses出口许可证＿Import quotas进口配额＿Tariff关税＿Subsidies补助＿Non-tariff barrier非关税壁垒❖Domestic Trade国内贸易❖Factors of production生产要素more mobile within a country＿Capital资金＿Labor劳动力＿Substitute代替: Goods and services❖Labor intensive goods 劳动密集型货物❖The united states is Importing goods produced with chinese labor 进口中国劳动力生产的货物Instead of importing china labor 代替进口中国的劳动力❖影响国际贸易的因素＿Industrialization工业化＿Advanced transportation先进的运输＿Globalization全球化＿Multinational corporations跨国公司＿Outsourcing外包＿ Inquiries 询盘 ＿ Quotations /offer 报价 ＿ Order 下订单 ＿ Customs clearance 清关 ＿ Negotiation of export documents…受益人在信用证下议付出口单证 ＿ Redemption of documents under L/C 信用证下赎单 ＿ Lodging and setting claims 提出索赔➢ Seller:shipper 卖方，发货人 ＿ Booking,Custom clearance,inland transport,documentation,loading/unloading,warehousing ➢ Carrier:liner shipping company:sea transport 承运人 ➢ Buyer:consignee 卖方，收货人 ➢Freight Forwarder 国际货运代理人◆ 商务部◆ 佣金，代理费，服务费 ◆ 只对代理范围的事宜负责◆ 不签发提单，无需对全程运输的货损货差负责➢Freight forwarder 国际货运代理人◆ Commission agent佣金代理人,委托代理人＿ On behalf of 代表 Exporter/importer 进出口商 ❖ Freight forwarding 国际货运代理行业Identify the formalities 了解相关的程序 Carriage of goods by sea 海上货物运输 Transport geography 运输地理 Trade route 贸易路线 Transshipment point 转运地点 ➢Routine Task 例行业务：＿ Loading/unloading of goods 装卸货物 ＿ Storage of goods 储存货物 ＿ Arrange Local transport 内陆运输＿ Obtaining payment for his customer 为客户代收款＿ 不可以：海上运输ocean transport 、签发提单 Issue B/L 、收取运费get tariff ❖ Which enlarge the scope of services ？＿ The expansion of international trade 国际贸易的扩展＿ The development of different modes of transport 不同运输方式的发展 ❖ Routine and basic tasks 例行任务 ＿ Book of space 订舱 ＿ Customs clearance 清关❖ A comprehensive package of services 一揽子服务＿ Covering the total transportation and distribution process 覆盖了全部运输和配送过程❖ Consignor 发货人 ＿ Seller ＿ Exporter＿ Beneficiary of L/C 信用证受益人 ＿ Person sending goods❖ The Freight Forwarder may provide theservices ＿ Directly 直接＿ Or through sub-contracts 通过分包商 ＿ Or other agencies 代理❖ On behalf of consignor 代表发货人 ＿ Choose the route➢NVOCC Non Vessel Ocean Common Carrier 无船承运人◆ 交通部 ◆ 收取运费差价 ◆ 要对全程运输负责 ◆ 签发自己的提单❖ Consignee 收货人 ＿ Buyer ＿ Importer＿ Applicant of L/C 信用证的开证申请人 ＿ Person receiving goods◆ FIATA单证◆ Forwarder’s certificate of Receipt货代收货证明 ◆ Forwarder’s certificate of Transport货代运输证明＿ County of export 出口国 ＿ Country of import 进口国 ＿ Country of transit 过境国＿ Book space 订舱◆ F 组：buyer ；buyer 委托seller 订舱 ◆ C组：seller＿ Take delivery of goods 提货 ＿ Issue document 签发单证 ❖ If any 只要有 ＿ Pack◆Route, the mode of transport, the nature of the goods＿ Foreign exchange transaction 外汇交易 ＿ Note goods damage or losses 标注货损货差 ＿ Pursuing claims 索赔❖ On behalf of consignee 代表收货人 ＿ Take delivery of the goods 提货＿ Arrange customs clearance, pay duties, fees and charges to the customs 海关and public authorities 公共权力机构 ＿ Arrange transit 、warehouding 安排转运仓储＿ Deliver the cleared goods to the consignee 将清关后的货物交给收货人 ＿ Help consignee pursuing claims 帮助收货人索赔Unit 3 Incoterm 2000❖ International Commercial Terms 国际贸易术语解释通则 ＿ In line with international trade practice 和国际贸易实践相符合 ❖ ICC 国际商会International Chamber of CommerceINCOTERMS2000 ：13个Trade terms 贸易术语 UCP600：跟单信用证统一规则ICC 目标：Facilitate the flow of International Trade 促进国际贸易流动 ❖ CMI 国际海事委员会海牙规则, 维斯比规则 ❖ IMO 国际海事组织 国际海运危险货物规则Clear the goods for Export 出口清关❖ 规定at which point the risk of loss and damage passes from seller to buyer 买卖双方风险/责任转移点 ❖ Which party pays for specific activites ❖ Party :Seller/Buyer❖ Seller delivers the goods 卖家完成交货，买家责任开始➢ FOB◆ Board 船/Deck 甲板 ◆ Rail 船舷/Tackle 钩 …named port of shipment 指定装货港◆ Delivers 完成交货◆ Ship’s rail 船舷◆ The seller clear the goods for export 卖方出口清关 ◆ Sea or inland waterway transport 海运或内河水运上海出口到神户 FOB SHANGHAI CIF/CFR KOBE西安出口到底特律FCA XIANCIP/CPT DETROIT 杭州—上海—长滩—匹兹堡FOB shanghaiFCA hangzhouCIF CFR LONGBEACH CPT CIP 匹兹堡 ➢ FCA◆ 责任风险划分点：seller delivers goods to the carrier nominated by the Buyer 货交承运人 ◆Chosen place of delivery 交货的地点 ＿ Seller’s premises 卖方所在地：the seller is responsible for loading 卖方负责装货❖ If necessary 如果有 ＿ Warehouse ＿ transshipment➢ CFR ＿ Seller pays Cost+Freight ＿ Sellers delivers when the goods pass the ship’s rail 当货物越过船舷时，卖方完成交货◆ Ship’s rail at the port of loading 装货港的船舷＿ 双方风险责任划分点，货损货差的风险转移点 ◆ Seller clear the goods for export ◆ Sea and inland waterway transport ➢ CIF ＿ Seller pays Cost+Insurance+Freight◆ 风险划分：Ship’s rail at the port of loading 装货港的船舷 ◆ The seller ＿ procure insurance 投保 ＿ Contract for insurance 签订保险合同＿ Pay the insurance premium 支付保险费 ◆ Against the buyer’s risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage＿ Any other place 其它地点：the seller is not responsible for unloading 卖方无需卸货 ◆交货对象 ＿ Carrier nominated by the buyer 承运人由买方指定 ＿ The buyer nominates a person 买方指定的人 ➢ CPT◆ CPT has much in common with the term CFR ＿ The major difference is that: mode of transfer ◆ Named place of destination ◆Carrier nominated by seller风险划分点：To the carrier nominated by seller 货交承运人If the parties do not intend to deliver the goods across ship’s rail, the CPT term is preferred ➢CIP风险划分点：Seller delivers goods to the carrier nominated by the Seller SELLER procure insurance Against buyer’s risk 卖家买保险，为买家的风险。
国际货运代理专业英语
1. Scope of …Originally,a freight forward was a commission agent performing on behalf of the export/import route tasks such as loading/unloading of goods,storage of goods,arranging local transport,obtaining payment for his customer,etc..However,the expansion of international trade and the development of different modes of transport over the years that followed enlarged the scope of his services.Today,a freight forwarder plays an import role in international trade and transport.The services that a freight forwarder renders may often range from routine and basic tasks such as the booking of space or customs clearance to a comprehensive package of servicies covering the total transportation and distribution process.(Export) Unless the consignor,the person sending goods,or the consignee,the person receiving goods,wants to attend to any of the procedural（程序上的）and documentary formalities(正式的) himself,it is usually the freight forwarder who undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various stages involved.The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through sub-contractors（转包商）or otheragencies employed by him.He is also expected to utilize,in his connection,the services of his overseas agents.Briefly,these services are：Study the provisions of the letter of credit and all Government regulations applicable to the shipment of goods in the country of export,the country of import,as well as any transit country,he would also prepare all the necessary documents.Pack the goods,taking into account the route,the mode of transport,the nature of the goods and applicable regulations,if any , in the country of export,transit contries and country of destination.Arrange warehousing of the goods,if necessaryWeigh and measure the goodsDraw the consignorˊs attention to the need for insurance and arrange for the insurance of goods,if required by the consignorTransport the goods to the port,arrange for customs clearance,related documentation formalities and deliver the goods to the carrier.Attend to foreigh exchange transactions,if anyPay fees and other charges including freightObtain the signed bills of lading from the carrier and arrange delivery to the consignor Arrange for transshipment en route of necessaryMonitor the movement of goods all the way to the consignee through contacts with the carrier and the forwarderˊs agents abroad.Note damages or losses,if any,to the goodsAssist the consignor in pursuing claims,of any,against the carrier for loss of the goods or for damage to themOn behalf of the consigeeMonitor the movement of good on behalf of the consignee when the consignee controls freight,that is,the cargoReceive and check all relevant documents relating to the movement of the goodsTake delivery of the goods from the carrier and if necessary ,pay the freight costArrange customs clearance and pay duties fees and charges to the customs and other public authoritiesArrange transit warehousing,if necessaryDeliver the cleared goods to the consigneeAssist the consignee,if necessary,in pursuing claims,if any against the carrier for the loss of the goods or any damage to themAssist the consignee ,if necessary,In warehousing and distribution2. Incoterms 2000---major trade termsInternational rules for interpretation of trade termsICC:International Chamber Of CommerceLater amendments and additions were made to it to bring the rules in line with current international trade practices（贸易惯例）,Eeach term specifies whether the buyer or the seller is responsible for arranging such necessary as export license,customs clearance,inspections,and other obligations.They specify at which point the risk of loss and /or damage passes from seller to buyer as well as which party pays for specific activities .A buyer and a seller who conduct their purchase and sale under one of the Incoterms,therefore,will have a mutual understanding of their rights,cost,and obligations1. FOB---Free on board―Free on board‖ means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the shipˊs rail at the named port of shipment .This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage to the goods from that point.The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export .This term can be used for sea or inland waterway transport.2. CFR---Cost and freight―Cost and freight‖ means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the shipˊs rail in the port of shipment.The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods,as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the time of delivery,are transferred from the seller to the buyer. The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.This term can be used only for sea and inland waterway transport..3. CIF---Cost,Insurance and freight―Cost Insurance and freight‖ means that the seller delivers when the goods psss the shipsˊs rail in the port of shipment.The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination BUT the risks of loss of or damage to the goods,as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the tine of delivery ,are transferred from the seller to the buyer.However ,In CIFthe seller also has to procuer insurance against the buyerˊs risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage.Consequently,the seller contracts for insurance and pays the insurancepremium.The CIF term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.3. Terms of shipment in the Contracts for the International Sale of goods When buyer and seller discuss the terms of the contract, terms of shipment are compulsory.Terms of shipment inculde methods of trasport , time of shipment,partial shipment and transshipment,port or place of loading and unloading ,shipping documents,etc,Here only time of shipment will be discussed.Time of shipment refers to the time limit for loading the goods on board the vessel at port of shipment ( If shipment is made by sea ).There are several ways of stipulating time of shipment :●Shipment on or about June 20,2002●Shipment not later than July 31st 2002.or latest shipment date:July 31st,2002●Shipment to be made during June/July ,2002●Shipment with 15 days after receipt of remittance.●Shipment with 30 days after receipt of L/C .In order to prevent the buyer from openingthe L/C later ,the export should stipulate at the same time ―The relevant L/C must reach the seller not later than August 20,2002.‖●According to UCP 500, if the experssion ―on or about‖or similar experssions areused,banks will interpert them as a stiulation that shipment is to be made during the period ,from five days before to five days after the specified date,both end days included.For example , if the L/C stipulates that shipment date is ―on or about July 20 ,2002‖. Then the goods can be shipper from July 15 to July 25.The word‖to‖, ―until‖, ―till‖,‖from‖and words of similar expressions applying to any date or period in the credit referring to shipment will be understood to include the date mentioned.The word ―after‖ will be understood to exclude the date mentioned.The terms‖first half‖, ―second half ― of a month shall be construed respectively as the 1st to the 15th , and the 16th to the last day of such month, all dates inclusive.The terms ―beginning‖ ,‖middle‖,or ―end‖ of a month shall be construed respectively as the 1st to the 10th , the 11th to the 20th ,and the 21st to the last day of such month ,all dates inclusive.When the traders discuss the time of shipment in the contract.1. The export should consider whether he can get the goods ready before the shipmentdate and whether the ship is available if the goods are ready.2. The time of shipment should be stipulated in a clear and flexible way.Stipulation like ―shipment on July 20‖ is clear,but not flexible, if the seller can not get the goods ready befort that, he will break the contract.Expressions such as ―prompt‖, ―innediately‖, ―as soon as possible‖, and the like should not be used .If they are used bankes will disregard them ,If these terms are used,disputes may occur because there is no uniform explanation of these terms.3. Sometimes ,the L/C simply stipulates an expiry date without a shipment date ,which means these two dates are the same ,For example, if the L/C stipulates that the expiry date is July 31st without a shipment date, then the latest shipment date is also july 31st .In this case,the exporter should ship the goods much earlier than july 31st so that he can leave enough time fou himself to get all the documents ready and present the documents to his bank within the validity of the L/C .If the exporter ships the goods on july 31,it is very difficult for him to present the documents to the bank on the same day.3. The Expiry Datea. If the expiry date of the credit and/or the last day of the period of time forpresentation of documents stipulated by the credit falls on a day on which the band to which presentation has to be made is closed,the stipulated expiry date and/or the last day of the period of tine after the date of shipment for presenation of documents, as the case may be ,shall be extended to the first following day on which such bank is open.b. The lastest date for shipment shall not be extended by reason of the extension ofthe expiry date and /or the period of time after the date of shipment for presentation of documents. If no such lastest date for shipment is stipulated in the credit or amendments,banks will not accept transport documents indicating a date of shipment later than the expiry date stipulated in the credit or amendments.4. Marine Cargo Insurance1. Principles of marine cargo insuranceThe marine cargo insurance is based on the principles of insurable interest ,utmost good faith ,and indemnity .No contract of marine insurance is valid unless the assured has an insurable interest in the subject matter insured at the time of loss. Cargo insurance is a contract of indemnity ,that is, to compensate for the loss or damage in terms of the value of the insured goods , The amount insured as agreed between the insurer and the assured forms the basic of indemnity .The principle of utmost good faith is indispensable in any insurance contract .A contract of marine insurance is a contract based upon the utmost good faith ,and ,if the utmost good faith be not observed by either party, the contract may be avoided by the other party .2. Insurance PremiumThe premium is the consideration which the insurers receive from the assured inexchange for their undertaking to pay the sum insured in the event insured against .The general guiding rate of the insurance premium is 1% of the amount insured .The premium rates may vary ,for example , from 0.5% to 2.5% or less depending on factors such as :type of goods ,the contry and distance of destination ,value of the goods ,mode of transportation, the type of risks covered ,container or bulk shipment and type of packing . The minimum amount insured should be the CIF or the CIP value of the goods plus 10%.3. Insurance PolicyInsurance policy is an evidence of insurance contract issued by the insurer or underwrite to the assured .It stipulates each party ˊs rights and responsibilities .The format of insurance policy forms varies from insurer to insurer. Insurance policy or certificate ,and endorsement are the main ones used in daily business. The policy must be issued and signed by an insurance company or its agent . If more than one original is issued and is so indicated in the policy , all the originals must be presented to the bank, unless otherwise anthorized in the letter of credit .4. Types of basic coverageThe basic coverage in PICC Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses is FPA , WA/WPA and All Risks Coverage .（1）Free From Particular AverageThe risks coverd in FPA coverage basically means that only total or constructive total loss of the whole consignment of cargo but no partial loss or damage is recoverable from the insurer resulting from natural calamities , such as heavy weather , lightning , tsunami ,earthquake and flood .Total loss or partial loss is recoverable from the insurer incurred as a result of specific casualties ,e ,g.,collision ,standing siking of the vessel .It also covers general average and salvaing the goods or averting or minimizing a loss recoverable under the policy .（2）With Particular Average (WA / WPA)WA / WPA provides larger cover than FPA since partial loss and damage is recoverable from the insurer resulting from natural calamities ,That is the only difference between WA / WPA and FPA in PICC Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses . （3）All RisksThis type of coverage is the most widely used in the transport of general cargo because it provides better coverage the WA / WPA type .Aside from the risks covered under WA / WPA type , it also provides insurance against all risks of less of or damage to the cargo insured arising from external causes in the course of transit . The All Risks does not cover risks of war , strike and other special additional risks such as failure to delivery , import duty , on deck , rejection ,aflatoxin etc .The general additional risks such as theft , pilferage & non—delivery risks , fresh water and /or rain damage risks shortage risks , intermixture and contamination risks , leakage risks ,clask and breakage risks , taint of odour risks , sweat and heating risks , hook damage risks , breakage ofpacking risks and rust risks are covered in All Risks coverage .5. The Practice Of International Ocean Cargo Transportation1. Transport GeographyAn internationanl freight forwarder should be familiar with international trade routes . He or she should have knowledge of main traffic routes location of ports ,trans—shipment points and inland centres . A freight forwarder shoule also have a general idea of the pattern of international trade and its changing trends .2.1) Conference linesA shipping conference is a group of shiping lines operating in any particular routeunder agreement to provide a scheduled service with a common tariff and a fixed itinerary of ports of call .The purpose of a shipping conference is to eliminate price competition among member lines and reduce outside competition by trying to capture most of the traffic for member lines through loyalty arrangements with shippers .The main advantages of the conference system to shippers are stability of freight rates and regularity of srevices . However , the disadvantages are obvious . Rates are usually high . Rates do not fluctuate accoding to supply and demand as in a tramp service Rules and procedures are inflexible .2) None—conference linesIn recent years , along most international routes , none—conference lines have posed a challenge to the conference system . This is attributable to the development of containerization and emergence of many independent carriers .As a result ,along some routes ,the conference lines have been forced to come to terms with the non—conference lines in regard to rates , and terms and condition of service .3) Non—vessel operating common carrier (NVOCC)An NVOCC is a carrier when operates a regular scheduled service . He does not own or operate the vessels by which sea transportation is provided . Although the NVOCC is a carrier in his relationship with the actual carrier . He is a shipper in his relationship with the actual shipper . He assumes the role of a principal and performs several functions . He assumes responsibility for ocean carriers , both conference and non—conference lines .He renders a useful service by providing grouppage or consolidation services , particularly to small shipper who do not have much bargaining power in nagotiating rates .4) Tramp serviceTramp service has on fixed itinerary or schedule and is operated on any route according to supply and demand Tramp vesseles are usually chartered at negotiated rates , particularly when the quantity of cargo is large .2. Shipping documentsThe documents commonly used in carriage of goods by sea are bills of lading , sea waybills, manifests , shipping notes , delivery orders and mat e′s receipt .The bill of lading by itself is not a contract of carriage as it is signed only by the carrier . Howerever , it provides evidence of contract of carriage . It serves as a receipt for goods delivered to the carrier . Besides , the bill of lading serves as a document of title enabling the goods to be transferred from the shipper to the consignee or any other party by endorsment .A sea waybill is the replacement of the traditional ocean bill of lading . The way billis a non—negotiable document and made out to a named consignee who is allowed , upon production of proper identification , to claim the goods without presenting the waybill .A cargo manifest provides information regarding cargo on board . A freightmanifest gives information regarding freight rates , surcharge ,rebates , etc . The manifest is prepared by the carrie r′s agent , but freight forwarder has to handle it while dealing with the customs and port authorities .A shipping note is issued by the shipper to the carrier requesting allocation ofshipping space . It is a commitment on the part of the shipper to ship the goods and serves as the basis for the preparation of the bill of lading .A delivery order is issued by the carrier or his agent to enable the consignee or hisforwarding agent to take delivery of the cargo (import cargo) from the vessel .A mat e′s receipt is the receipt issued by the carrier in the acknowledgement to thegoods received on board (export cargo)which is subsequently exchanged for the bill of lading .6. Documentary CreditIn international sales transactions different methods of payment are adopted depending mainly upon the relationship between the seller and the buyer . For example , if the seller and buyer know each other and have a long—standing business relationship , they may transact business on trust and the seller may periodically send invoices to the buyer for settlement . Payment may also be made by other methods such as ―cash with order‖ when the buyer sends a cheque or a bank draft with his order , or by ―documentary collection‖ , when the seller sends the buyer in the buye r′s country on the buyers′acceptance or payments , as may be specified in the documents .But in many cases , the seller and the buyer do not know each other and located in countries thousands of miles apart . They are not in a position to conduct their commercial transactions on trust . The seller is reluctant to part with his goods unless he is assured of possession of the goods . In order to reconcile the conflicting interests of both the parties and to provide a mechanism for payment in such situations , the International Chamber of Commerce has evolved what is knowm as ―Documentary Credit‖ . In simple terms , documentary credit means payment against documents instead of against goods . The documents transfer title to the goods .The ―Uniform Customs and Practive for Documentary Credit‖(UCP) Published by the International Chamber of Commerce contains detailed provisions dealing with the operation of documentary credit . It has been accepted and adopted by banks and banking associations throughout the world . It has brought the UCP into line with established and foreseeable practices regarding containerized transport and trade facilitation, the use of electronic data processing and the development of new types of credit like deferred payments and stand—by credits .As the documentary credit is operated through banks , therefore , it has certain advantages to both the seller and buyer : for the seller , it is a bank undertaking to which he can look for payment ; for the buyer , it is a conditional undertaking where payment can be made on his behalf only against the documents which will transfer to him the title to the goods .For practical purpose , assume that a local buyer agrees to buy goods from an overseas seller and under the sales contract , payment is to be made by banker′s letter of credit . To fulfill the contract , the buyer arranges with his bank to open a letter of cerdit for his account in favour of the overseas seller . The buyer is not required to pay for the goods until the arrival of the relevant shipping document . The seller , on receipt of a letter of credit , will have to prepare shipment of the contract goods within the delivery date . Once shipment of the goods is completed , the seller will be able to present all the documents to the negotiating bank for payment under the terms of the credit . The negotiating bank should ensure that the seller′s documents are drawn up in accordance with the credit terms before such documents are paid for and forwarded to the issuing the negotiated documents it will make up a debit note showing the total cost due and request payment from the buyer . Once the buyer accepts that the documents are in compliance with the terms of the letter of credit he must settle the bill in order to obtain the shipping documents so that he will be able to take delivery of the goods from the carrier or its agent . On settlement of the bill , the whole operation of documentary credit will be regarded as completed .8. Marine Bill of Lading---General Introduction1. General Concept of Marine Bills of LadingMarine Bills of lading are used primarily international sales of goods where the carriage of goods is by sea . Definitions of the bill of lading vary from country to country . Broadly , the bill of lading has been defined as receipt for goods shipped of board a ships , signed by the person ( or his agent ) contracts to carry them , and stating the terms on which the goods were delivered to and received by the ship . It is not the actual contract , but forms excellent evidence of the terms of the contract .2. Functions of Marine Bills of LadingMarine bills of lading perform a number of functions . Generally , it is receipt for thegoods shipped , a document of title to the goods and evidence of the terms of the contract of affreightment .A bill of lading is a receipt issued , by a carrier that an identifiable consignment ofgoods has been received by him for shipment , or actually loaded on board his ship .The bill of lading as a receipt willl show the quantity and condition of the cargo loaded ,ship′s name , port of loading , the destination , details of date and so on .A bill of lading is a document of title to the goods . The possession of a bill of lading isequivalent in law to possesion of the goods . The holder of the bill of lading is able to obtain delivery of the goods at the port of destination and during transit the goods can be sold merely by endorsing the bill of lading .Additionally , the terms of the bill of lading provide evidence of the contract of carriage between the carrier and the shipper . The terms of the bill of lading contain the terms of the contract .3. Types of Marine Bills of LadingThere are several forms of bills of lading and these include the following :1) Order of ladingOrder bills are issued by carriers to the order of shipper or conginee . This means that the carrier , shippower , charterer or master will deliver the goods at the port of destination not solely to the named consignee , but so any person designated by him .An order bill of lading is a negotiable document . Order bills made out to consignee ―or order ― can be transferred by them by endorsment .2) Straight Bills of LadingIn contract with the order bills of lading , straight bills are those made out to named consigness without the addition of the word ―or order ― . They are not negotiable and cannot be transferred to third parties . Delivery of goods , thereore , can only be taken by the named consignee .3) Shipped Bills of LadingShipped bills state definitely that the goods have been loaded . It confirms that goods are actually on board the vessel . Most bills of lading forms are printed as shipped bills and commence with the wording :‖shipped in apparent good order and condition .‖4) Received for Shipment Bills of LadingReceived for shipment bills state that the goods have been received for shipment , and do not indicate the actual date of loading . The received for shipment bill of lading grew up because with the development of the liner services it became the custom for the shipowner to receive the cargo some hours or even days before it was actually loaded .5) Direct Bills of LadingDirect bills of lading are those covering shipment between direct ports of lading or discharge .6) Through Bills of LadingThrough bills of Lading cover shipment from or to ports involving transport by two or more shipping or railways companies . The shipping company , for additional freight ,undertakes to make all arrangement to get the goods to their destination .7) Clean Versus Foul Bills of LadingThe clean bill of lading bears an indication that the goods were received without damages , irregularities or short shipment ,usually the words ―apparent good order and condition ―. ―clean on board ― or the like are indicated on the B/LThe foul bill of lading—unclean bill of lading , dirty bill of lading or claused bill of lading –is the opposite of the chean bill of lading . It bears an indication that the goods were received with damages , irregularities or short shipment , usually the words ― unclean on board ―or the like are indicated on the B/L , for example , ― insufficient padking ―,‖missing safety seal ― and ―one carton short ―.9.Marine Bills of Lading ( 2 )--Making and signing ofA marine bill of lading can be drawn up in a variey of ways , but it is nearly always prepared on a pre—printed form .whatever its form , a bill of lading may contain some main elements ,such as quantity of cargo ,accurate cargo description and condition ,date of the bill of lading ,names of shipper and consignee , ports of lading and discharging , ship′s name,terms and conditions of carriage and payment of freight.The shipp′s port agent , in fact , may be given the task of drawing up bills of lading .If there are subsequently required for letter of credit transactions , it is useful that the agent be supplied with appropriate details of that letter of credit so that all relevant material can be included in the wording .The main parties on a bill of lading are shipper,Conssignee. Notify Party and Carrier . The shipper is the person , usually the exporter , who sends the goods .Consignee refers to the person entitled to take delivery of the goods . Carrier is the person or company who has concluded a contract with the shipper for carriage of goods . Notify party is the party that the carrier must notify when the goods arrive at the port of destination . The carrier issues an Arrival Notice informing the Notify Party about the cargo discharge point , number of packages and other information.It is important to the date bills of loding correctly ,and as per the date on which the cargo is actually loaded . Cargo quantity and condition should also be adequately and correctly described in the bills of lading . Relevant comments should be entered in either tally or mate′s receipts , and thereafter in bills of lading .2. Issuing Marine Bills Of LadingAll bills should be signed by either shipping company or by a duly authorised agent .If time does not permit the ship′s master to sign the bills , a letter is usually dra wn up giving the port agent appropriate authority to sign bills of lading . The bill of lading must show how many signed originals were issued .The oringinals are marked as ―original ―on their face and all have equal value , that is , all have the same validity .The purpose of issuing more than one original is to ensure that the port of destination will receive the original when dispatched separately . The original B/ ;L are proof of ownership of goods , one of which must be surrendered to the carrier at destination , duly endorsed by the title holder in the goods in exchange for the goods or。
国际贸易之国际货物运输 全英版讲解
Tessa
Contents
1 Introduction 2 Perils, losses and expenses in Ocean Transportation 3 Marine Insurance of CIC
4 Insurance practice in China
•
例：我公司出口稻谷一批，因保险事故被海水浸泡多 时而丧失其原有价值，无法修复，这种损失属于实际 全损.
Three conditions:
•
When the subject matter is totally destroyed.
被保险货物的实体已完全灭失;
•
When the subject matter is so damaged as to
(a). General Average（G.A）共同海损
•
when the whole ship was threatened by a peril of the
sea or some other hazard in order to save the ship and some of the cargo, part
指由于军事、政治、国家政策法令以及行政措施等特
殊外来原因所造成的风险与损失。
war, strike (罢工), etc.
2.2 Marine average 海上损失
海上损失
全部损失
实际全损 推定全损
部分损失
共同海损 单独海损
A. Total loss 全部损失/全损
指被保险货物遭受全部损失，按损失情况的不
同，可分为actual total loss和constructive
新编国际货运代理专业英语
新编国际货运代理专业英语New International Freight Forwarding Professional EnglishUnit 1 Introduction to International Freight Forwarding1.1 Definition and Functions of International Freight Forwarding 1.2 Main Participants in International Freight Forwarding1.3 Types of International Freight Forwarding Services1.4 Overview of International Trade and TransportationUnit 2 Documentation in International Freight Forwarding2.1 Bill of Lading and Its Types2.2 Air Waybill2.3 Consignment Note2.4 Packing List2.5 Certificate of OriginUnit 3 Transportation Modes in International Freight Forwarding 3.1 Sea Freight Transportation3.2 Air Freight Transportation3.3 Road Freight Transportation3.4 Rail Freight Transportation3.5 Multimodal TransportationUnit 4 Customs Clearance in International Freight Forwarding 4.1 Customs Regulations and Procedures4.2 Import and Export Declarations4.3 Tariffs and Duties4.4 Customs Duty Calculation4.5 Customs Exemptions and Special ProgramsUnit 5 Logistics Management in International Freight Forwarding 5.1 Supply Chain Management5.2 Inventory Management5.3 Warehousing and Distribution5.4 Risk Management in Logistics5.5 Emerging Trends in LogisticsUnit 6 International Trade Terms and Incoterms6.1 International Trade Terms and Definitions6.2 Incoterms - International Commercial Terms6.3 Incoterms 2020 Updates and Changes6.4 Role of Incoterms in International Freight Forwarding6.5 Case Studies of Incoterms UsageUnit 7 International Finance and Payment in Freight Forwarding 7.1 Trade Financing Methods7.2 Letters of Credit7.3 Documentary Collections7.4 Documentary Credits and UCP 6007.5 Payment Methods and Risk MitigationUnit 8 Insurance and Claims in International Freight Forwarding 8.1 Marine Insurance and Coverage8.2 Cargo Insurance Policies and Terms8.3 Claims Handling and Procedures8.4 Claims Settlement and Compensation8.5 Dispute Resolution MechanismsUnit 9 Quality Management in International Freight Forwarding 9.1 Quality Assurance and Quality Control9.2 ISO 9001 Certification9.3 Process Improvement in Freight Forwarding9.4 Key Performance Indicators for Freight Forwarding9.5 Customer Satisfaction and FeedbackUnit 10 Emerging Technologies in International Freight Forwarding10.1 Digitalization and Automation in Logistics10.2 Internet of Things (IoT) in Freight Forwarding10.3 Blockchain Technology in Supply Chain10.4 Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Logistics10.5 Future Perspectives and Challenges in Freight Forwarding。
货代英语
Multimodal transport 多式联运Segmented transport 分段运输Enter into separate contracts 签订不同的合同Multimodal transport operator 多式联运经营人Tying-up of capital 资金紧张Through freight rate 联运运费Settlement of claim 索赔的处理，索赔结算Competitive position 竞争能力，竞争地位Inland waterways 内陆水路(运输)Mini-bridge 小陆桥(运输)Land bridge 陆桥(运输)Piggyback 驮运Sea train 火车车厢运输船High value item 高等价值物品Long haul 长途运输Country of origin 原产国，起运国Flat rate 统一费用Land transportation 陆上运输Trunk hauls 货车运输Door-to-door 门到门7、Sea train 火车车厢运输船英文原文：Sea train is another innovation in the multimodal transport system involving the use of rail and ocean transport. It is similar to the roll-on, roll-off system except that in the place of the ro-ro vehicle a rail car is used so that geographically separated rail systems can be connected by the use of an ocean carrier.注释：innovation: 改革，创新be similar to: 类似于Roll On-Roll Off System：指将有轮子的货物，如汽车、火车车厢等从船体上装着的斜坡上滚上滚下的装运系统except that : 除了…之外ro-ro:=roll on-roll off vehicle: 车辆，运载工具rail car: 机动轨道车geographically: 地理上，布局上separate: 分开，分离中文意思：火车车厢运输船是另一个多式联运系统的创新，它联合了铁路和海洋运输。
2010全国国际货运代理考试《货代英语》试卷（含答案）
⼀.单项选择题 1. In international trade, redemption of documents under L/C operations means that ( B ). A. the beneficiary must pay the proceeds in order to get documents from the bank B.the applicant must pay the proceeds in order to get documents from the bank C.the beneficiary must tender the document to the bank in order to get the goods D.the applicant must tender the document to the bank in order to get the goods 2. The seller had made a sales contract with the buyer under the CFR term, therefore the scope of freight forwarder’s service on behalf of the seller normally does not include ( A ) A. arranging import customs clearance B.delivering the goods to the carrier at the port of shipment C.arranging export customs clearance D.booking space with the marine carrier 3. According to INCOTERMS 2000, ( B ) means that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier nominated by him but the seller must in addition pay the cost of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named place of destination and also to procure insurance for the goods during the carriage. A. CPT B.CIP C.CFR D.CIF 4. According to UCP 600, the term “shipment to be made at the middle of May” in the letter of credit shall be construed as ( A ) A. from the 11th to the 20th of May B.from the 15th to the 25th of May C.from the 10th to the 20th of May D.from the 16th to the 31st of May 5. The All Risks in PICC Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses does not cover the risks of ( C ) A. shortage B.rain damage C.import duty D.taint of odour 6. The vessel’s cubic capacity is usually stated both in grain capacity and in bale capacity. The ( B ) is the volume of a vessel’s hold to carry packaged dry cargo such as pallets, boxes, cartons etC. A. grain capacity B.bale capacity C.gross tonnage tonnage 7. The documents commonly used in carriage of goods by sea are bills of lading, sea waybills, cargo manifests, bookingnotes and delivery orders etC.Please point out the ( A ) are issued by the shippers or their agents. A. booking notes B.delivery orders C.sea waybills D.cargo manifests 8. According to UCP600, the commercial invoice must be made out in the same currency as the ( C ). A. bill of lading B.sale contract C.letter of credit D.insurance policy 9. Please point out which of the following expressions is not the characteristics of settlement by letters of credit. ( D ) A. L/C is a self-sufficient instrument B.L/C is a document transaction C.The issuing bank’ s liabilities for payment D.L/C is a cargo transaction 10. In international air cargo transportation, ( A ) are rates which are applicable to any types of air cargo . A. General Cargo Rate B.Class Rates C.Bulk Unitization Rate D.Specific Commodity Rates 11. The CMR convention is the convention on contract for international carriage of goods by road, according to the CMR, the carrier is responsible for ( D ). A. any wrongful act of the consignor B.inherent vice of the goods C.neglect of the consignor D.omission of carrier’s servants 12. Establishing only one agency to deal with is one of advantages in multimodal transport operation, her agency means ( C ). A. agent of cargo owner B.agent of shipowner C.MTO D.broker 13. In most supply chains, customer requirements are transmitted in the form of ( A ). A. order B.inventory C transport D.warehousing 14. ( B ) is a lump sum rate for the carriage of a container loaded with a particular commodity in marine container transportation. A. CIF B.CBR C.BAF D.CAF 15. The marine bill of lading is one of the most of important documents in marine cargo transport and it serves as ( B ). A. contract of carriage of goods by sea B.evidence of contract of carriage of goods by sea C contract of carriage of goods by air D.evidence of contract of carriage of goods by air ⼆.判断题 16. One of the WTO basic functions is to implement, administer, and carry out IMF Agreement and it annexes. ( B ) 17. The forwarders take delivery of the goods from the consignor and issue the document of Forwarder’s Certificate of Receipt to the consignor. In this case the forwarders are also considered to be the agent of the consignor. ( A ) 18. The “beginning of a month” has the similar expression as “first half of a month” in the credit referring to shipment according to UCP600. ( B ) 19. UCP 600 applies to all letters of credit no matter weather it is expressly mentioned or not in the text of the L/C ( B ). 20. An irrevocable confirmed documentary credit is one that contains the guarantee of payment to the beneficiary by both the issuing bank and confirming bank so long as the terms as condition of the credit are met. ( A ) 21. The charterers retain the property in bunkers which have been supplied and paid for by shipowner on board the vessel during the period of voyage charter. ( B ) 22. The sea waybill serves as same functions as marine bill of lading used in carriage of goods by rail and road and who is allowed, upon production of proper identification, to claim the goods without presenting the sea waybill. ( B ) 23. Both order bill of lading and straight bill of lading can be transferred to the third party by endorsement. ( B ) 24. The port clearance means that the cargo owner has got the permission of the customs authorities for import or export cargo. ( A ) 25. Under CMR convention, the carrier is responsible for loss of or damage to the goods occurring between the goods loaded on board the ship and the time of delivery at discharging port. ( B ) 26. The risk covered in FPA, WPA and All Risk in PICC Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses are not the same but all of them cover loss or damage caused by the intentional act of the InsureD.( B ) 27. Consolidation can not only benefit exporters, shippers and forwarders but also benefit carriers, because the carrier can take advantage of the FCL tariff rates. ( A ) 28. In international air cargo transportation, Specific Commodity Rate are only applicable to named types of cargo. ( A ) 29. According to INCOTERMS 2000, FCA may not be used for sea and inland waterway transport. ( B ) 30. A sound inventory is a primary responsibility of logistical management since a firm’s facility structure is used to ship products and materials to customers. ( B ) 三.多项选择题 31. When the freight forwarder packs the goods in behalf of the exporter, he should take into account ( A B C ). A. the mode of transport B.the nature of the goods C.the applicable regulation D.the route of transport 32. According to INCOTERMS 2000, the following trade terms ( A D ) mean that the sellers must arrange goods transportation from port of shipment to the named port of destination. A. CFR B.FCA C.FOB D.CIF 33. PICC Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses such as FPA, WPA and All Risk do not cover loss of or damage to cargo caused by ( B D ), A. fire or explosion B.fall of market price C.sinking of the vessel D.delay in transit 34. Currently, different types of multimodal transport operations involving different combination are taking place. The following combinations ( B C ) are involving rail transport. A. sea/air B.mini-bridge nd bridge D.air/road 35. In marine voyage chartering business, the shipowner is responsible for costs such as ( A B ). A. bunker B.port charges C.freight D.demurrage 36. A beneficiary refers to the party in whose favor an L/C is opened.It usually refers to the ( A C ). A. buyer B.seller C.importer D.exporter 37. Normally the banks will not accept the marine bills of lading which contained the following words ( B C D ). A. apparent good order and condition B.insufficient packing C.one carton short D.missing safety seal 38. There are some risks in multilateral trade. They mainly include economic risks and political risks. The economic risks include ( A B C D ). A. risk of insolvency of the buyer B.risk of exchange rate C.risk of failure of payment by buyer D.risk of non-acceptance paring with UCP500, the major changes introduced by the UCP600 include ( A C ). A. the banks now have a maximum of five banking days for the examination of documents B.the banks now have a maximum of seven banking days for the examination of documents C.Bs/L may now allow transshipment D.Bs/L may not allow transshipment 40.Please point out which of the following statements are not right. ( B D ) A. inventory is one of areas of logistical work B.inventory is not one of areas of logistical work C.facility network is one of areas of logistical work D.facility network is not one of areas of logistical work 四.完型填空 The use of containers, which started more than 40 years ago, in intercontinental traffic is now available in most sea cargo transport worldwide. The unit ( 41 C ) is used to express the relative number of containers based on the equivalent length of a 20’ container. The ( 42 A ) container service broadly means that the whole container received by the carrier is packed at the shipper’s or the forwarder’s premises, and the delivery of that same whole container to the consignees. The ( 43 B ) container service broadly means that the whole container received by the carrier is packed at the shipper’s or the forwarder’s premises, and that same whole container is em p t i e d a t t h e c a r r i e r s c o n t a i n e r f r e i g h t s t a t i o n a t t h e p o r t o f d e s t i n a t i o n . T h e ( 4 4 D ) b r o a d l y m e a n s t h a t t h e d e l i v e r y o f t h e l o o s e c a r g o t o t h e c a r r i e r s f r e i g h t s t a t i o n a t t h e p o r t o f o r i g i n i s p a c k e d i n t o t h e w h o l e c o n t a i n e r , a n d t h e d e l i v e r y o f t h a t s a m e w h o l e c o n t a i n e r t o t h e c o n s i g n e e s . T h e ( 4 5 C ) c o n t a i n e r s e r v i c e b r o a d l y m e a n s t h a t t h e d e l i v e r y o f t h e l o o s e c a r g o t o t h e c a r r i e r s c o n t a i n e r f r e i g h t s t a t i o n a t t h e p o r t o f o r i g i n i s p a c k e d i n t o t h e w h o l e c o n t a i n e r , a n d t h a t s a m e w h o l e c o n t a i n e r i s e m p t i e d a t t h e c a r r i e r s f r e i g h t s t a t i o n a t t h e p o r t d e s t i n a t i o n . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 5 " > 0 0 4 1 A . 3 0 F T / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 6 " > 0 0 B . F E U / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 7 " > 0 0 C . T E U / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 8 " > 0 0 D . 1 0 F T / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 9 " > 0 0 4 2 A . C Y / C Y / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 0 " > 0 0 B . C Y / C F S / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 1 " > 0 0 C . C F S / C F S / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 2 " > 0 0 D . C F S / C Y / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 3 " > 0 0 4 3 A . C Y / C Y / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 4 " > 0 0 B . C Y / C F S / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 5 " > 0 0 C . C F S / C F S / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 6 " > 0 0 D . C F S / C Y / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 7 " > 0 0 4 4 A . C Y / C Y / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 8 " > 0 0 B . C Y / C F S / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 9 " > 0 0 C . C F S / C F S / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 0 " > 0 0 D . C F S / C Y / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 1 " > 0 0 4 5 A . C Y / C Y / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 2 " > 0 0 B . C Y / C F S / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 3 " > 0 0 C . C F S / C F S / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 4 " > 0 0 D . C F S / C Y / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 5 " > 0 0 A c c o r d i n g t o C h i n a M a r i t i m e C o d e , u n l e s s n o t i c e o f l o s s o r d a m a g e i s g i v e n i n w r i t i n g b y t h e c o n s i g n e e t o t h e c a r r i e r a t t h e t i m e o f d e l i v e r y o f t h e g o o d s b y t h e ( 4 6 A ) , s u c h d e l i v e r y s h a l l b e d e e m e d t o b e ( 4 7 B ) o f t h e d e l i v e r y o f t h e g o o d s b y t h e c a r r i e r a s d e s c r i b e d i n t h e t r a n s p o r t d o c u m e n t s a n d o f t h e a p p a r e n t g o o d o r d e r a n d c o n d i t i o n o f s u c h g o o d s . W h e r e t h e l o s s o f o r d a m a g e t o t h e g o o d s i s n o t a p p a r e n t , t h e p r o v i s i o n s o f t h e p r e c e d i n g p a r a g r a p h s h a l l a p p l y i f t h e c o n s i g n e e h a s n o t g i v e n t h e n o t i c e i n w r i t i n g w i t h i n ( 4 8 A ) f r o m t h e n e x t d a y o f t h e d e l i v e r y o f t h e g o o d s , o r , i n t h e c a s e o f c o n t a i n e r i z e d g o o d s , w i t h i n ( 4 9 D ) f r o m t h e n e x t d a y o f t h e d e l i v e r y t h e r e o f . T h e n o t i c e i n w r i t i n g r e g a r d i n g t h e l o s s o r n e e d n o t b e g i v e n i f t h e s t a t e o f t h e g o o d s h a s , ( 5 0 A ) , b e e n t h e s u b j e c t o f a j o i n t s u r v e y o r i n s p e c t i o n b y t h e c a r r i e r a n d t h e c o n s i g n e e . / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 6 " > 0 0 4 6 . A . c a r r i e r t o t h e c o n s i g n e e / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 7 " > 0 0 B . s h i p p e r t o t h e c o n s i g n e e / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 8 " > 0 0 C . c o n s i g n e e t o t h e c a r r i e r / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 9 " > 0 0 D . c o n s i g n e e t o t h e s h i p p e r / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 1 0 " > 0 0 4 7 . A . c o n c l u s i v e e v i d e n c e / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 1 1 " > 0 0 B . p r i m a f a c i e e v i d e n c e / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 1 2 " > 0 0 C . a b s o l u t e l y e v i d e n c e / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 1 3 " > 0 0 D . e v i d e n c e o f c o n t r a c t / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 1 4 " > 0 0 4 8 . A . t h r e e c o n s e c u t i v e d a y s / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 1 5 " > 0 0 B . f i v e c o n s e c u t i v e d a y s / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 1 6 " > 0 0 C . s e v e n c o n s e c u t i v e d a y s / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 1 7 " > 0 0 D . t e nc o n s e c u t i v ed a y s / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 1 8 " > 0 0 4 9 . A . 1 d a y / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 1 9 " > 0 0 B . 3 d a y s / p > p bd s f i d = " 2 2 0 " > 0 0 C . 7 d a y s / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 2 1 " > 0 0 D . 1 5 d a y s / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 2 2 " > 0 0 5 0 . A . a t t he t i m e of d e l i v e r y / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 2 3 " > 0 0 B . a t t h e t i m e o f s h i p m e n t / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 2 4 " > 0 0 C . a t t h e t i m e o f a r r i v a l / p >。
国际贸易之国际货物运输 全英版59页PPT
11、战争满足了，或曾经满足过人的 好斗的 本能， 但它同 时还满 足了人 对掠夺 ，破坏 以及残 酷的纪 律和专 制力的 欲望。 ——查·埃利奥 特 12、不应把纪律仅仅看成教育的手段 。纪律 是教育 过程的 结果， 首先是 学生集 体表现 在一切 生活领 域—— 生产、 日常生 活、学 校、文 化等领 域中努 力的结 果。— —马卡 连柯(名 言网)
13、遵守纪律的风气的培养，只有领 导者本 身在这 方面以 身作则 才能收 到成效 。—— 马卡连 柯 14、劳动者的组织性、纪律性、坚毅 精神以 及同全 世界劳 动者的 团结一 致，是 取得最 后胜利 的保证 。—— 列宁 摘自名言网
15、机会是不守纪律的。——雨果
66、节制使快乐增加并使享受加强。 ——德 谟克利 特 67、今天应做的事没有做，明天再早也 是耽误 了。——裴斯 泰洛齐 68、决定一个人的一生，以及整个命运 的，只 是一瞬 之间。 ——歌 德 69、懒人无法享受休息之乐。——拉布 克 70、浪费时间是一桩大罪过。——卢梭
国际货运代理货代英语
一. 了解货运代理最初的职责1-1 课文：Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent performing on behalf of the exporter/importer routine tasks such as loading/unloading of goods, storage of goods, arranging local transport, obtaining payment for his customer, etc…这句话是比较长,一句一段,核心句子：.....a freight forwarder was a commission agent performing on behalf of the exporter/importer routine tasks....注释：freight forwarder 货运代理人commission agent 委托代理人on behalf of 代表....routine tasks 日常工作loading/unloading of goods 装载/卸载货物storage of goods 货物存放,货物存储这句话大致意思是：最开始,货运代理是进出口商的委托代理人,替进出口商做一些常规事务,比如装载/卸载货物,货物的存储,安排地方运输….1-2 课文：However, the expansion of international trade and the development of different modes of transport over the years that followed enlarged the scope of his services.核心句子：....A and B enlarged the scope of his services.A 是指：expansion of international trade 国际贸易的扩大B 是指：development of different modes of transport 不同运输方式的发展注释：Over the years that followed 在随后的几年里;international trade: 国际贸易modes of transport: 运输方式这句话大致意思是：在以后的几年里,国际贸易的扩大和不同运输方式的发展加大了货运代理的服务范围;1-3 课文：Today, a freight forwarder plays an important role in international trade and transport.注释：Play an important role : 扮演重要的角色引申为：起着重要的作用International trade and transport 国际贸易和运输这句话大致意思是：现在,货运代理人在国际贸易和运输中起着重要的作用;1-4 课文：The services that a freight forwarder renders may often range from routine and basic tasks such as the booking of space or customs clearance to a comprehensive package of services covering the total transportation and distribution process.核心句子：The services.... may often range from ....to....注释：render: 在这里的意思是“提供”,= offer, providerange : 在... 范围内变化,后面常跟 from ...to...booking of space 订舱a comprehensive package of services: 全面的一揽子服务cover : 包括,涉及 = includetransportation and distribution: 运输和分发这句话大致意思是：货运代理提供的服务通常可能从日常基础的工作比如舱位的预定,清关等,到全面的一揽子服务包括整个货物的运输和分发派送过程;二.重点掌握货运代理人分别代表发货人和收货人所要做的工作;2-1 课文：Unless the consignor, the person sending goods, or the consignee, the person receiving the goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and documentary formalities himself,it is usually the freight forwarder who undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various stages involved.核心句子：Unless the consignor or consignee wants to attend to...himself, it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement of goods...注释：consignor: 发货人consignee: 收货人attend to: 关注 = pay attention toprocedural and documentary formalities: 程序和单证上的手续undertake to do sth. 承担去做某事,承诺做某事process: 在这里为动词,处理,处置involve: 包含,含有,涉及movement: 移动,动向在这里引申为“运输”这句话大致意思是：如果发货人或者收货人不想亲自去办理那些繁琐的手续的话,货运代理人将代表他们去处理货物运输中所涉及的各个步骤;2-2 课文：The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through sub-contractors or other agencies employed by him.核心句子：The freight forwarder provide these services...这句话的大致意思是：货运代理人可以直接或者通过次承包商或者另外雇用代理来提供这些服务;2-3 On Behalf of the Consignor Exporter 货运代理人代表发货人出口商所要做的工作考试重点the route, mode of transport and a suitable carrier. 挑选运输线路,运输方式和合适的承运人;注释：mode of transport: 运输方式 ; carrier: 承运人space with the selected carrier. 跟选定的承运人订舱;delivery of the goods and issue relevant documents such as the Forwarders’ Certificate of Receipt, the Forwarders’ Certificate of Transport, etc. 接收货物,并签发货运代理人收货证明书和货运代理人运输证明书;注释：Forwarders’ Certificate of Receipt 货运代理人收货证明书是代理人收到货物的凭证;Forwarders’ Certificate of Transport 货运代理人运输证明书是证明代理人具备运输能力的凭证; issue: 发行,发布在这里译为“签发”the provisions of the letter of credit and all Government regulations applicable to the shipment of goods in the country of export, the country of import, as well as any transit country; he would also prepare all the necessary documents. 研究适用于货物出口国家和进口国家,以及中转国家运输的信用证条款和所有政府规定,并准备所有必须的单证文件;注释：letter of credit : 信用证 applicable to ...: 适用于...; as well as: 也,又,以及;transit country: 中转国the goods, taking into account the route, the mode of transport, the nature of the goods and applicable regulations, if any, in the country of export, transit countries and country of destination.货物的包装, 在货物包装时要考虑运输路线,运输的方式,货物的特性,如果有的话还要考虑出口国,中转国和目的地国家适用的规定;注释：pack the goods 货物包装/打包; take into account: 考虑; the nature of the goods: 货物的特性; if any: 如果有的话;2-3 On Behalf of the Consignor Exporter 货运代理人代表发货人出口商所要做的工作考试重点1．Choose the route, mode of transport and a suitable carrier.挑选运输线路,运输方式和合适的承运人;注释：mode of transport: 运输方式； carrier: 承运人2．Book space with the selected carrier. 跟选定的承运人联系订舱;3．Take delivery of the goods and issue relevant documents such as the Forwarders’ Certificate of Receipt, the Forwarders’Certificate of Transport, etc. 接收货物,并签发货运代理人收货证明书和货运代理人运输证明书;注释：take delivery of : 接受；Forwarders’ Certificate of Receipt 货运代理人收货证明书是代理人收到货物的凭证；Forwarders’Certificate of Transport 货运代理人运输证明书是证明代理人具备运输能力的凭证； issue: 发行,发布在这里译为“签发”4．Study the provisions of the letter of credit and all Government regulations applicable to the shipment of goods in the country of export, the country of import, as well as any transit country; he would also prepare all the necessary documents. 研究适用于货物出口国家和进口国家,以及中转国家运输的信用证条款和所有政府规定,并准备所有必须的单证文件;注释：provision: 条款； letter of credit : 信用证 applicable to ...: 适用于...; as well as: 也,又,以及；transit country: 中转国5．Pack the goods, taking into account the route, the mode of transport, the nature of the goods and applicable regulations, ifany, in the country of export, transit countries and country of destination.货物的包装, 在货物包装时要考虑运输路线,运输的方式,货物的特性,如果有的话还要考虑出口国,中转国和目的地国家适用的规定;注释：pack the goods 货物包装/打包； take into account: 考虑； the nature of the goods: 货物的特性; if any: 如果有的话6．Arrange warehousing of the goods, if necessary. 如果有必要的话,要安排货物的仓储注释：warehousing of the goods: 货物的仓储；if necessary: 如果有必要的话7．W, eigh and measure the goods. 测定货物的重量和尺寸;8．Draw the consignor’s attention to the need for insurance and arrange for the insurance of goods, if required by the consignor. 提醒发货人注意是否需要货物保险,如果发货人需要投保,则需安排货物的保险;注释：draw one’s attention to...: 引起某人注意... 相当于“提醒某人注意...”;9．Transport the goods to the port, arrange for customs clearance, related documentation formalities and deliver the goods to the carrier. 将货物运往港口,安排货物的清关,办理相关的单证上的手续并将货物交付给承运人;注释：customs clearance: 海关清关；deliver the goods: 交付货物 documentation: 文件,单证10．Attend to foreign exchange transactions, if any. 关注外汇交易注释：foreign exchange transaction: 外汇交易11．Pay fees and other charges including freight. 支付手续费和其他包括运费在内的费用注释：fee : 偏向于手续费方面的费用; charge: 偏向于因服务而索取的费用; freight: 运费;12．Obtain the signed bills of lading from the carrier and arrange delivery to the consignor. 从承运人那里获得签发的提单并将提单转让给发货人注释：bill of lading:提单13. Arrange for transshipment en route if necessary. 如果有必要的话,安排货物在途中的转运;注释：transshipment: 转运；en route: = on the way 途中的14. Monitor the movement of goods all the way to the consignee through contacts with the carrier and the forwarders’ agents abroad. 通过联系承运人和海外的货运代理,监控货物的运输直至货物交付给收货人;注释：all the way: 由始至终15. Note damages or losses, if any, to the goods. 记录货物的损坏和丢失;16. Assist the consignor in pursuing claims, if any, againstthe carrier for loss of the goods or for damage to them. 如果货物有损失,需要帮助发货人向承运人就货物的损失提出赔偿;注释：assist sb. in doing sth.: 帮助某人做某事；pursue／make claim against sb. for sth.: 就．．．向某人提出赔偿2-4 On Behalf of the ConsigneeImporter 货运代理人代表收货人进口商所要做的工作考试重点1．Monitor the movement of goods on behalf of the consignee when the consignee controls freight, that is, the cargo. 当收货人支付运费时,即由收货人负责货物运输,货运代理人应替收货人监控货物的运输;注释：control freight: 支付运费2. Receive and check all relevant documents relating to the movement of the goods. 接受并审核所有与货物运输有关的单证;注释：relating to: 与．．．有关3. Take delivery of the goods from the carrier and, if necessary, pay the freight costs. 从承运人手中接收货物,如需要还要支付的运费;注释：take delivery of 接收,收到与delivery词义相反; freight cost: 运费4. Arrange customs clearance and pay duties, fees and other charges to the customs and other public authorities. 安排货物的清关,并向海关和政府当局支付关税,手续费及其他服务费用;注释：duty: 税,税收在这里指“关税”；public authority: 政府当局5. Arrange transit warehousing, if necessary. 如需要,安排中转仓库;6. Deliver the cleared goods to the consignee. 将清关后的货物交付给收货人;注释：cleared goods: 清关后的货物根据前文 arrange customs clearance, 所以这里的意思是办理完清关手续的货物7. Assist the consignee, if necessary, in pursuing claims, if any, against the carrier for the loss of the goods or any damage to them. 如果有必要的话,帮助收货人向承运人就货物的丢失或者任何损害提出赔偿;8. Assist the consignee, if necessary, in warehousing and distribution. 如果需要,帮助收货人安排货物存入仓库和分发;历年考试题分析following services are performed by the forwarder on behalf of the exporter.A. book spaceB. pack the goodsC. export customs clearanceD. import customs clearance.2004年多选题答案：ABC分析： space: 参考课文中货运代理人代表处出口商的第二个职责,book space with selected carrier; the goods: 参考课文中货运代理人代表出口商的第五个职责：Pack the goods, and take into account the route...; C. export customs clearance: 参考课文中货运代理人代表出口商的第九个职责：Transport the goods to port and arrange for customs clearance...; D. import customs. 这个是属于代表进口商的职责2. When the forwarder pack the goods on behalf of exporter, he should consider the .2004年多选题A. mode of transportB. nature of the goodsC. quantity of the goodsD. quality of the goods答案：AB分析：参考课文中货运代理人代表出口商的第5个职责,C和D都不属于这个范围;3. The scope of freight forwarder’s service on behalf of consignors includes . 2005年单选题A. booking space with consigneeB. paying the freight to the insurerC. arranging import customs clearanceD. booking space with carrier答案：D.分析：A和B 课文中都未提到过;C. 是属于货运代理人代表进口商的职责;D. booking space with carrier. 正确,参考课文货运代理人代表出口商的第2个职责;freight forwarder takes delivery of the goods from thecarrier and issues the Forwarders’ Certificate of Receipt. 2005年判断题答案：错分析：从课文中货运代理人代表出口商的第3个职责来看,take delivery of the goods and issue relevant documents such as ..., 结合上下文看,这里应该是从发货人/出口商那里接收到货物并签发货运代理人收货证明书,而不是carrier承运人;of the following services are performed by the forwarder on behalf of the consignee . 2005年多选题A. Taking delivery of the goods from the carrierB. Packing the goods for exportC. Arranging export customs clearanceD. Arranging import customs clearance答案：.分析：B和C都是属于货运代理人代表出口商的职责;课后练习：一、不定向选择题答案可能只有一个,或者多个consignor refers to the person who goods.A. receivesB. attends toC. sends delivery of答案：C2. It is usually the who issues relevant documents such as the Forwarders’ Certificate of Receipt, the Forwarders’ Certificate of Transport, etc.A. consignorB. consigneeC. freight forwarderD. carrier答案：C3. Foreign exchange transactions, if any, are usually attended by the as well.A. commission agentB. exporterC. importerD. freight forwarder答案：D4. A freight forwarder originally was an performing on behalf of the exporter/importer routine tasks.A. importerB. exporterC. shipperD. commission agent答案：D5. A freight forwarder shall take into account the route, the mode of transport and applicable regulations, if any, in theA. country of exportB. country of destinationC. country of transshipmentD. transit countries答案：ABD6. A freight forwarder, on behalf of the exporter, is expected toA. take delivery of the goodsB. pay the freight coststransit warehousingcustoms clearance答案：ABCDof the following services are performed by the forwarder on behalf of the import .A. Monitor the movement of goodsB. check the relevant documentsC. Arrange import customs clearanceD. Weigh and measure the goods.答案：ABC8. If there is damage of goods during shipment, the freight forwarder will on behalf of exporter.A. Note damagesB. Pay fees to insurerC. Assist exporter in pursuing claims.D. Arrange for the insurance of goods.答案：AC二、判断题freight forwarder pack the goods on behalf of exporter, should take into account the quality of goods.答案：错necessary, the freight forwarder should pay the fees and other charges including freight for exporter.答案：对3. The freight forwarder will issue “Forwarders’ Certificate of Receipt” when he take delivery of the goods from exporter.答案：对4. The freight forwarder can not employ other agency to provide services both for exporter and importer.答案：错5. The freight forwarder would prepare all necessary documents for exporter if necessary.答案：对三、英汉互译：1transit country 2 trade terms 3 general cargo 4 special cargoes 5 the Forwarders’ Certificate of Receipt 6 the Forwarders’Certificate of Transport 7 trade contract 8 relevant documents 9 take delivery of the goods 10 mode of transport答案： 1转口国 2贸易条款 3杂货 4特殊贸易 5货运代理收货证书 6货运代理运输证 7贸易合同 8相关单据 9提货 10运输方式1货运代理人 2外汇 3信用证 4 清关 5委托代理人 6转运国 7货物的运输 8舱位 9提单 10 国际贸易答案：1 freight forwarder 2 foreign exchange 3 letter of credit 4 customs clearance 5 commission agent 6 country of transshipment 7 movements of goods 8 shipping space 9 bill of lading 10 International Trade一、国际贸易术语解释通则的由来1-1 课文：In order to provide a set of uniform rules for the interpretation of the most commonly used trade terms in foreign trade, ICC first published in 1936 a set of international rules for the interpretation of trade terms known as “Incoterms 2000”.核心句：to provide a set of rules for the interpretation of trade terms in foreign trade, ICC published international rules...注释：In order to: 为了...Commonly: 一般的,通常的,普遍的 = generally, usuallyInterpretation : 解释,说明Trade terms: 贸易术语另外：比如 trade practices 贸易惯例trade contract 贸易合同等ICC:全称：International Chamber of Commerce.国际商会;Incoterms: 全称：International Commercial Terms 国际贸易术语解释通则Be known as: 统称为...,以...着称这句话大致的意思是：为了给国际贸易中普遍使用的贸易术语提供一套解释的统一规则,国际商会与1936年发布了一套用于诠释这些贸易术语的国际规则,统称为“国际贸易术语解释通则2000”;1-2 课文：Later amendments and additions were made to it to bring the rules in line with current international trade practices.注释：Later : 稍候,随后另外latest: 最近的,最新的Amendment: 修改,修正尤指对规则,法律,声明等条款的修正,修订,修改Addition: 增加物在这里是指添加的条款和内容In line with: 与...一致,与...相同相反的是：out of line withCurrent: 现今的,当代的,时下的Trade practices: 国际贸易惯例,国际贸易实践这句话大致意思是：以后又对此通则作了修改和补充,以便使这些规则适应当前国际贸易实践的发展;1-3 The latest edition is “Incoterms 2000”, which includes 13 different international trade terms. Each term specifies whether the buyer or the seller is responsible for arranging such necessities as export license, customs clearance, inspections, and other obligations.注释：Edition: 书籍,书刊等的版本,版次;Specify: 具体说明,详细说明,规定名词：specification: 说明书Whether...or...: 是...还是...Be responsible for: 负责...,承担...责任Necessity: 必须,需要在这里是指“必须要做的事”Export license: 出口许可证Inspection: 检验商品检验：commodity inspectionObligation: 职责,义务后一句话我们可以换成这样一句来理解：Each term specifies the traders must bear each relevant responsibility and obligation.即贸易商必须承担bear各自相关的责任和义务;这段话大致的意思是：最新的版本是“国际贸易术语解释通则2000”,它包含了13个不同的国际贸易术语;每一个贸易术语都明确规定由谁来办理出口许可证,出口清关,商品检验及其他义务;1-4 They specify at which point the risk of loss and/or damage passes from seller to buyer as well as which party pays for specific activities.注释：They = 13 trade termsPoint: 在这里是一个抽象的概念,指“在空间或者时间真实的或想象当中的某一点”例如：at this point = at this moment / at this place 在此刻,在此地Risk: 风险Activity: 活动,行为复数形式尤指“所作的事务,待做的工作”这句话我们理解为：The 13 trade terms specify the transfer of risks风险的转移and division of costs.费用的划分这句话大致的意思是：这13个术语还明确了丢失及/或损坏的风险在哪一点由卖方转移到买方,以及哪方面承担相应的费用;1-5 A buyer and a seller who conduct their purchase and sale under one of the Incoterms, therefore, will have a mutual understanding of their rights, costs, and obligations.注释：Conduct: 管理,经营,处理=manage, controlPurchase:购买 = buyMutual: 相互的,彼此的have a mutual understanding: 对于...达到共识Therefore: 因此,为此这句话的大致意思是：买方和卖方如果采用通则中的一个术语做贸易的话,就会清楚双方各自的权利、需支付的费用以及各自的义务;二、六个主要的贸易术语其中传统的贸易术语有三个：FOB,CFR,CIF;在传统基础上新发展的贸易术语有三个：FCA, CPT, CIP 考试重点2-1 传统的三个贸易术语FOB – Free On Board d port of shipment 船上交货指定装运港定义：means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the ship’s rail at the named part of shipment. 指当货物在指定的装运港越过船舷,卖方即完成交货;注释：pass: 越过,通过; ship’s rail: 船舷; named: 指定的这个术语应注意以下几点：1. The buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage to the goods from that point. 即买方在货物越过船舷之后承担所有的费用,风险和损失;2. FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.即FOB条款要求由卖方办理货物的出口清关手续;3. FOB term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.即FOB条款只适用于海运或者是内河运输;注释：inland waterway transport: 内河运输CFR - Cost and Freight ... named port of destination 成本加运费指定目的港定义：means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the ship’s rail in the port of shipment.指当货物在指定的装运港越过船舷,卖方即完成交货;这个术语应注意以下几点：1. The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination. 即卖方必须支付货物运至目的港所需要的运费和费用;与FOB的区别2. But the risk of loss of or damage to the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer. 但是交货后货物灭失或损坏的风险,以及由于各种条件造成的任何额外费用,即由卖方转移到买方;风险的划分与FOB不一样的;是在目的港船舷;注释：occur:事件等发生;events: 事件 transfer: 转移3. CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.即由卖方负责办理货物的出口清关手续;同FOB4. CFR term can be used only for sea and inland waterway transport.即CFR只适用于海运和内陆水路运输同FOBCIF-Cost, Insurance, and Freight d port of destination 成本,保险费加运费指定目的港定义:means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the ship’s rail in the port of shipment.即当货物在装运港越过船舷之后,卖方即完成交货义务;这个术语我们应该注意以下几点：1. The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination. 即卖方必须支付货物运至目的港所需要的运费和费用;同CFR2. But the risk of loss of or damage to the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer. 但是交货后货物灭失或损坏的风险,以及由于各种条件造成的任何额外费用,即由卖方转移到买方;风险的划分与CFR 是一样的3. However, in CIF the seller also has to procure insurance against the buyer’s risk of loss of or damage to the goods duringthe carriage. Consequently the seller contracts for insurance and pays the insurance premium.但是,在CIF条件下,卖方还需要办理买方货物在运输途中灭失或损坏风险的海运保险;因此,由卖方签订保险合同并且支付保险费用不同于FOB和CFR,注释：procure: 尤指用心或者费力获得,取得,在这里我们引申为“办理”; against: 反对,对于 carriage: 运费,运输在这里指的是“运输”;consequently: 因此,所以; contract:在这里是动词的用法,意为：签约,订立合同常与with 和for连用; insurance premium: 保险费4. CIF term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. 即由卖方负责办理货物的出口清关手续;同FOB和CFR2-2 在传统贸易术语基础上发展的三个贸易术语FCA-Free Carrier d place 货交承运人指定地点定义：means that sellers delivers the goods, cleared for export, to the carrier nominated by the buyer at the named place.是指卖方只要将货物在指定的地点交给由买方制定的承运人,并办理出口清关手续,即完成交货;注释：nominated: 指定的,指派的这一术语应注意以下几点：1. Seller should clear the goods for export.卖方负责办理出口清关手续;2. The chosen place of delivery has an impact on the obligations of loading and unloading the goods at that place.交货地点的选择对于在该地点装货和卸货的义务会产生影响;- If delivery occurs at the seller’s premises, the seller is responsible for loading.如卖方在其所在地交货,则由卖方负责装货;- If delivery occurs at any other place, the seller is not responsible for unloading.如卖方在任何其他地点交货,则卖方不负责卸货;注释：impact: 常与on联用,对...施加影响;premise: 生产场所,经营场址在这里引申为“所在地”之意term may be used irrespective of the mode of transport, including multimodal transport.FCA术语可用于各种运输方式,包括多式联运;注释：irrespective: 常与of联用,意为：不论...的,任何的;multimodal transport:多式联运multi-前缀,常表示“多种的”的意思 the buyer nominates a person other than a carrier to receive the goods, the seller is deemed to have fulfilled his obligation to deliver the goods when they are delivered to that person.若买方制定承运人以外的人领取货物,则当卖方将货物交给此人时,即视为已履行交货义务,风险转移给买方注释：other than: 除了,不同于; be deemed to: 被视为; fulfill: 履行,完成;CPT — Carriage Paid to ... named place of destination 运费付至指定目的地定义：means that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier nominated by him but the seller must in addition pay the cost of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named destination. 指卖方向其指定的承运人交货,但卖方还必须支付货物运至目的地的运费;注释：in addition: 另外这一贸易术语要注意以下几点：1. The buyer bears all risks and any other costs occurring after the goods have been so delivered.买方承担交货后的一切风险和其他费用;2. CPT与CFR的区别CPT has much in common with the term CFR. The major difference is that CFR can only be used for sea and inland waterway transport, while CPT can be used for any mode of transport including multi-modal transport. If the parties do not intend to deliver the goods across the ship’s rail, the CPT term is preferred.CPT术语和CFR术语有很多相似之处;主要的区别在于CFR术语经用于海运和内陆和运输,而CPT术语可适用于任何运输方式,包括多式联运;如果双方不打算将货物越过船舷交货,应使用CPT术语;注释：in common with: 和...一样; major: 主要的;difference: 区别,不同之处; party: 条约,会议的参与者,常用复数形式与the联用,表示“合约双方”;Intend to: 打算做...;across: 穿过,越过= pass; prefer : 更喜欢...,更倾向于...preferred: 首选的CIP — Carriage and Insurance Paid to ... named place of destination 运费加保险费付至指定目的地定义：means that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier nominated by him but the seller must in addition pay the cost of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named destination.指卖方向其指定的承运人交货,但卖方必须支付货物运至目的地的运费;这个术语应该注意以下几点：1. The buyer bears all risks and any additional costs occurring after the goods have been so delivered.买方承担交货后的一切风险和费用;2. The seller also has to procure insurance against the buyer’s risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage. Consequently, the seller contracts for insurance and pays the insurance premium. 卖方必须办理买方货物在运输途中灭失或损坏风险的保险;因此由卖方订立保险合同并支付保险费;3. CIP may be used irrespective of the mode of transport including multi-modal transport. CIP术语可用于各种运输方式,包括多式联运;一、装运时间的规定1-1 课文：When buyer and seller discuss the terms of the contract, terms of shipment are compulsory.注释：discuss: 讨论,协商 terms of contract: 合同条款 terms of shipment: 装运条款 compulsory: 必须的,强迫的这句话的大致意思是：当买卖双方讨论合同条款是,装运条款是必不可少的;1-2 课文：Terms of shipment include methods of transport, time of shipment, partial shipment and transshipment, port or place of loading and unloading, shipment documents, etc. Here only time of shipment will be discussed.核心句：Terms of shipment include...注释：methods of transport: 运输方式 time of shipment: 装运时间partial shipment: 分批装运 transshipment: 转船 shipment documents: 装运单据在贸易合同中必须明确规定是否分批装运,是否转船,如果没有明确规定,则视为允许分批装运或者转船这句话大致意思是：装运条款包括运输方式,装运时间,分批装运和转船的规定,装货和卸货的港口或者地方,装运单据,等等;这里需要协商的是装运的时间;1-3课文: Time of shipment refers to the time limit for loading the goods on board the vessel at port of shipment If shipment is made by sea..注释：limit: 规定,约束,限制on board the vessel: 装上船这句话大致意思是：装船时间是指规定货物在装运港码头装上船的时间海运条件下二、规定装运时间的几种方式及其说明考试重点：2-1 合同中常用来规定装运时间的几种方式：1. Shipment on or about , 2002. 于或约于2002年6月20日装运2. Shipment not later than July 31st, 2002. Or, Latest shipment date: July 31st, 2002. 装运时间不迟于2002年7月31日,或者最迟装运期为：2002年7月31日注释:no later than...: 不迟于...; latest: 最迟的3. Shipment to be made during Jun/July, 2002. 在2002年6月/7月期间装船4. Shipment within 15 days after receipt of remittance. 收到汇款后15日之内装船;注释：receipt: 收到; remittance: 汇款5. Shipment within 30 days after receipt of L/C. In order to prevent the buyer from opening the L/C late, the exporter should stipulate at the same time “ The relevant L/C must reach the seller not later than August 20, 2002” 在收到信用证后30天内装船;为了防止买方开立信用证时间过晚,出口商应该同时规定“相关信用证必须不迟于2002年8月20日到达卖方”注释：L/C: Letter of credit 信用证prevent...from...: 防止...; stipulate: 规定; at the same time: 同时relevant: 相关的; reach:到达2-2 条款的解释：1. According to UCP 500, if the expression “ on or about ” or similar expressions are used, banks will interpret them as a stipulation that shipment is to be made during the period from five days before to five days after the specified date, both end days included. 如使用“于或约于”之类词语限定装运日期,银行将视为在所述日起前后各五天内装运,起讫日包括在内;注释：UCP500: 跟单信用证统一惯例国际商会第500号出版物; expression: 说明,措词,表达方式,用词similar: 类似的; specified: 规定的,指定的例如：如果信用证中规定装运期为“on or about July 20, 2002,” 那么这个货物应该是在7月15日到7月25日这期间发货,包括7月15日和7月25日在内;2. The words “to”, “till”, “from” and words of similar expressions applying to any date or period in the credit referring to shipment will be understand to include the date mentioned. The word “after” will be understand to exclude the date mentioned. 诸如“止”、“至”、“直至”、“从”及类似意义的词语用于限定信用中有关装运的任何日期或期限时,应理解为包括所述日期;如“在...之后”应理解为不包括所述日期。
2012货代英语词汇(货代英语必考词汇)
International trade: 国际贸易GDP (gross domestic product) 国民生产总值，国内生产总值Industrialization 工业化Globalization 全球化Multinational corporation: 跨国公司Factors of production 生产要素Labor-intensive goods 劳动密集型产品International finance 国际金融Exchange rate: 外汇汇率Transfer risk: 转让风险Exchange controls: 外汇管制WTO (world trade organization): 世界贸易组织Uruguay Round: 乌拉圭回合Multilateral trade: 多边贸易The International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织The World Bank 世界银行Outsourcing 外包Trade barrier 贸易壁垒Import duties: 进口税Import/export license：进口/出口许可证Import quota: 进口配额Tariff: 关税Non-tariff barrier: 非关税壁垒Market research 市场调研Offer: 发盘Shipping space: 舱位Customs clearance: 报关，清关Loading: 装货Shipping advice: 装运通知Redemption of documents: 赎单Delivery of goods 交货Freight forwarder 货运代理人Commission agent: 委托代理人Modes of transport: 运输方式A comprehensive package of services: 全面的一揽子服务Consignor: 发货人Consignee: 收货人Carrier: 承运人Forwarders’ Certificate of Receipt: 代理人收货证明书Forwarders’ Certificate of Transport: 代理人运输证书L/C (letter of credit): 信用证Foreign exchange transaction: 外汇交易Freight: 运费Bills of lading: 提单13个贸易术语（略）Trade terms 贸易术语，贸易条款ICC ( International Chamber of Commerce) 国际商会Incoterms（International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms）国际贸易术语解释通则International Trade practices 国际贸易实践，国际贸易惯例Inspection 检验Inland waterway transport 内河运输Multimodal transport 多式联运UCP 《跟单信用证统一惯例》Banking industry 银行业Transport industry 运输业Insurance industry 保险业Trader: 交易者Tender: 提交Issuing bank: 开证银行Confirming bank: 保兑银行Nominated bank: 指定银行Advising bank: 通知银行Examination of documents: 单证审核Commercial invoice: 商业发票Transshipment: 转船运输Terms of contract 合同条款Terms of shipment 装运条款Time for shipment 装运时间Partial shipment 分批装运Break the contract 违约Expiration date 有效期Presentation of documents 交单Applicant: 申请人Beneficiary: 受益人Negotiating bank: 议付行Documentary draft: 跟单汇票SWIFT：环球银行间金融电讯协会Notification: 通知Documentary Credit: 跟单信用证Clean Credit: 光票信用证Irrevocable Documentary Credit: 不可撤销跟单信用证Term of validity: 有效期Confirmed Credit: 保兑信用证Unconfirmed Credit: 不保兑信用证Guarantee: 保证，担保Sight Credit: 即期信用证Time Credit: 远期信用证Sight payment credit: 即期付款信用证Sight negotiation credit: 即期议付信用证Deferred payment credit: 延期付款信用证Acceptance credit: 承兑信用证Sight payment credit: 即期付款信用证Anticipatory credit: 预支信用证Revolving credit: 循环信用证Transferable credit: 可转让信用证Back-to-back credit: 背对背信用证Transshipment point: 转运地Inland center: 内陆中心Conference lines: 班轮公会运输Non-conference lines: 非班轮公会运输Non-vessel operating common carriers (NVOCC) 无船承运人Tramp service: 不定期船运输Shipping conference 班轮公会Ports of call: 挂靠港Loyalty arrangements: 忠诚协议Shipper 托运人Independent carriers: 独立承运人Bills of lading: 提单Sea waybills: 海运单Manifests: 货物舱单Shipping notes: 托运单Delivery orders: 提货单Mate’s receipts: 大副收据Document of title: 物权凭证Endorsement: 背书Port authorities: 港务局Charter party 租船合同Voyage chartering 航次租船Shipowner 船东Single voyage 单程航次Discharging ports 卸货港Bale and grain capacity 包装和散装容积GENCON “金康”格式Time chartering 定期租船Charterer 承租人（租船人）NYPE “纽约土产”格式BALTIME “波尔的姆”格式Bareboat chartering 光船租船BARECON “贝尔康”格式BIMCO 波罗的海国际航运协会Marine Bills of Lading 海运提单Consignment of goods 货物托运Destination 目的地Document of title 物权凭证Port of destination 目的港Order bills of lading 指示提单Straight bills of lading 记名提单Shipped bills of lading 已装船提单Shipped in apparent good order and condition 已装船外表状况明显良好Received for shipment bills of lading 收货代运提单Direct bills of lading 直达提单Through bills of lading 联运提单Clean bills of lading 清洁提单Foul/unclean/dirty/claused bills of lading 不清洁提单Clean on board 清洁已装船Insufficient packing 包装不良Port agent 港口代理Notify party 通知方Arrival Notice 到货通知Ocean freight rates 海运运费率Tramp rates 不定期船运费率Liner freight rates 班轮运费率Liner operator 班轮营运人Fixed cost 固定成本Variable cost 可变成本Stores 物料费Administrative cost 管理成本Interest 利息Depreciation 折旧Stowage factor 积载因数Cost of service 服务成本Break bulk cargo 件杂货Open market rate 公开市场费率Adjustment factors 调整因素Currency adjustment factor (CAF) 货币贬值调整因素；货币贬值附加费Port congestion surcharge 港口拥挤附加费Commodity Box Rates (BAF) 分货种包箱费率Freight All Kinds (FAK) Rates 均一运费费率；不分货种运费费率Lump sum rate 整笔运费费率Average utilization 平均使用率Insurable interest 保险利益（原则）Utmost good faith 最大诚信（原则）Proximate cause 近因（原则）Indemnity 最大赔偿原则The assured/insured 被保险人The insurer/underwriter 保险人Subject matter insured 保险标的Amount insured 保险金额Insured against 投保Insurance premium 保险费Consideration 对价Bulk shipment 整批装运Insurance policy 保险单Insurance certificate 保险凭证Endorsement 批单Original 正本Insurance coverage 保险险别，保险范围PICC Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses 中国人民保险公司海上货物运输保险条款Free of Particular Average (FPA) 平安险Particular average 单独海损Constructive total loss 推定全损Natural calamities 自然灾害General average 共同海损Salvage charges 救助费用Port of distress 避难港With Particular Average (WA/WPA) 水渍险All Risks 一切险External causes 外部因素General additional risks 一般附加险Special additional risks 特别附加险Exclusions 除外责任Intentional act or fault 故意行为或过失Ordinary loss 自然损耗Inherent vice 固有缺陷Institute Cargo Clause 协会货物保险Land conveyance 内陆运输General average sacrifice 共同海损牺牲Import-export trade 进出口贸易Arrival 到港Departure 离港Entry Inwards 进口报关单Import Manifest 进口舱单，进口载货清单Load line 载重线Entry Outwards 出口报关单Port clearance 结关单Export Manifest 出口舱单，出口载货清单Bill of Entry 报关单Customs Declaration 报关Inward Permit 进口许可证Visual inspection 肉眼检查Chemical test 化学检验Banker’s note 银行发票Shipping Bill 装运单Export Declaration 出口报关单Outward Export Permit 出口许可证Packing list 包装单Controlled goods 受管制货物Inspection certificate 检验证书Health certificate for live animal 活动物健康检疫证书Rail transport 铁路运输Road transport 公路运输Long haul 长途运输Local collection and distribution 本地集散Convention de Merchandises Par Routes (CMR) 国际公路货物运输合同公约Take possession of the goods 接管货物Delay in delivery 延迟交付Defective condition 不良状态Consolidation 合并运输Consolidator 合并运输人Groupage 拼箱Full container loads (FCL) 整箱货Less than carload lot (LCL) 零担货物House bill of lading 货代提单Wholesale 批发Retail 零售Bargaining strength 讨价还价能力Multimodal transport 多式联运Segmented transport 分段运输Enter into separate contracts 签订不同的合同Multimodal transport operator 多式联运经营人Tying-up of capital 资金紧张Through freight rate 联运运费Settlement of claim 索赔的处理，索赔结算Competitive position 竞争能力，竞争地位Inland waterways 内陆水路（运输）Mini-bridge 小陆桥（运输）Land bridge 陆桥（运输）Piggyback 驮运Sea train 火车车厢运输船High value item 高等价值物品Long haul 长途运输Country of origin 原产国，起运国Flat rate 统一费用Land transportation 陆上运输Trunk hauls 货车运输Door-to-door 门到门Supply chain 供应链Value chain 价值链Demand chain 需求链Strategic positioning 战略定位Operating efficiency 运营效率Logistics 物流The Council of Logistics Management [美国]物流管理协会Inventory 库存Order processing 订单处理Warehousing 仓储Materials handling 物资搬运Packaging 包装Facility network 设施网络Inventory strategy 库存策略Financial investment 财政投资Time-based performance 时间性绩效Competitive performance 竞争性绩效Core customer 核心客户Transportation integration 运输整合Product profitability 产品利润率Finished product 制成品Work-in-process 在线产品Market distribution 市场分销Manufacturing support 制造支持Procurement 采购Supplier 供应商Manufacturer 制造商Shipment provider 出货人Distributor 经销商Sales representative 销售代表Development 研发Corporate infrastructure 公司基础设施Product management 产品管理Business transaction 商业交易Marketing 营销Advertising 广告Geographic boundary 地理边界Real-time trading 实时交易Financial activity 金融活动Cash check 现金支票Stock 股票Loan 贷款Intelligent program 智能程序Personalization 个人化Privacy invasion 隐私侵犯Copyright infringement 侵犯著作权Intellectual property 知识产权Digital signature 数字签名Digital certificate 数字证书Online transaction 在线交易Business correspondence/letter 商业信函，商业书信7C 原则中英文Block style 齐头式Modified block style 改良齐头式Official title 官衔Complimentary close 结尾敬语Date line 日期行Inside address 封内地址Salutation 称呼Subject line 事由行Copy notation 抄送Air freight 航空货运Make a connection 中转Government regulations 政府管制Freight shipment 货运Travel agency 旅行社Government office 政府机构Shipping clerk 运务员Reservation agent 预定员Air freight agent 航空货运代理Air waybill 航空货运运单Baggage compartment 行李舱Shipping point 装运地Passenger fare 客运费Special rate 特殊运费率Pay in advance/prepay 预付Credit card 信用卡Payment on delivery 交货后付款General public 公众，群众Personal effect 私人用品Shipping business 航运业Customs broker 海关代理Arriving passenger 到港旅客Sales personnel 销售人员Ticket agent 票务员Air Waybill 航空货运单Freight bill 运费单Customs declaration 海关申报Consolidated shipments 集运货物House air waybill 分运单Master air waybill 主运单Airport of departure 启运机场Originating counterpart 起运方Substitute AWB 分运单Over-carried 漏载Transit goods 转口货物，过境货物Originating station 起运站Neutral AWB 中性航空运单Fully loaded aircraft 满载飞机Cargo Manifest 货物舱单Check list 核查单General declaration 总申报单Air terminal 航空货运站Reception Check List 收货核对清单Premanifest 预配舱单Ground handling 地面工作，地勤作业Hazardous goods 危险品Valuable cargo 贵重货物High-density cargo 高密度货物Low-density cargo 低密度货物Cut-off point 分界点General Cargo Rates 普通运价Minimum Charges 最低运价Class Rates 等级运价Specific Commodity Rates 指定商品运价Bulk Unitization Rates 大宗货集装运价Contract FAK Rates 全包价International Air Transport Association (IATA) 国际航空运输协会Unit Load Device (ULD) 载具Pivot weight 基准重量Tonnage 载重量。
国际贸易实务英文CargoTransportation ppt课件
adopting a comparatively fixed timetable
charges at comparatively fixed freight rates
freight inclusive of loading & unloading cost
Liner: types
conference liners
describe a range of other transportation documents stipulate delivery clause in a sales contract
SEIB OF GDUFS
2
精品资料
• 你怎么称呼老师？ • 如果老师最后没有总结一节课的重点的难点，你
Dispatch
the amount of money paid as a bonus by the shipowner to the charterer if they get loading and unloading done ahead of schedule.
normally dispatch money = ½ the demurrage
Minimum rate
USD150/B/L
Open rate
To be negotiated
Figure 5.1 Examples of Liner Freight Rate
SEIB OF GDUFS
8
5.1.1 Liner transportation
Surcharges
Bunker Surcharge
19
5.2.1 Air Transportation
Air transportation freight rate
物流术语
国际物流术语多式联运multimodal transport国际多式联运international multimodal transport国际航空货物运输international airline transport国际铁路联运international through railway transport班轮运输liner transport租船运输shipping by chartering大陆桥运输land bridge transport保税运输bonded tranport转关运输tran-customs transport报关customs declaration报关行customs broker不可抗力accident beyond control保税货物bonded goods海关监管货物cargo under custom’s supervision拼箱货less than container load整箱货full container load通运货物through goods自备箱shipper’s own container到货价格delivered price出厂价factory price成本加运费cost and freight出口退税drawback过境税transit duty海关估价customs ratable price等级标签grade labeling等级费率class rate船务代理shipping agency国际货运代理international freight forwarding agent无船承运业务non vessel operating common carrier business 无船承运人NVOCC non vessel operating common carrier 索赔claim for damages理赔settlement lf claim国际货物运输保险international transportation cargo insurance原产地证明certificate lf origin进出口商品检验commodity inspection清关clearance滞报金fee for delayed declaration装运港船上交货free on board进料加工processing with imported materials来料加工processing with supplied materials保税仓库boned warehouse保税工厂bonded factory保税区bonded area保税物流中心bonded logistics center保税物流中心A型bonded logistics center of A type保税物流中心B型bonded logistics center lf B type融通仓financing warehouse出口监管仓库export supervised warehouse出口加工区export processing zone定牌包装packing of nominated brand中性包装neutral packing提单bill of lading物流管理术语仓库布局warehouse layoutABC分类管理ABC classification安全库存safety stock经常库存cycle stock库存控制inventory management供应商管理库存vendor managed inventoty (VMI)定量订货制fixed-quantity system(FQS)定期订货制fixed-interval system(FIS)经济订货批量economic order quantity(EOQ)连续补货计划continuous replenishment program(CRP)联合库存管理joint managed inventory (JMI)前置期lead time物流成本管理logistics cost control物流绩效管理logistics performance management物流战略logistics strategy物流战略管理logistics strategy management物流资源计划logistics resource planning(LRP)供应链联盟supply chain alliance供应商关系管理supplier relationships management(SRM)准时制just in time(JIT)有效客户反映efficient customer response(ECR)物料需求计划material requirements planning（MRP）快速反应quick response (QR)制造资源计划manufacturing resource planning(MRP2)配送需求计划distribution requirements planning(DRP)配送资源计划distribution resource planning(DRP2)企业资源计划enterprise resource planning(ERP)协同计划、预测与补货collaborative planning,forecasting and replenishment(CPFR) 服务成本定价法cost-of-service pricing服务价值定价法value-of-service pricing业务外包outsourcing流程分析法process analysis延迟策略postponement strategy业务流程重组busimess process reengineering(BPR) 有形损耗tangible loss无形损耗intangible loss总成本分析total cost analysis物流作业成本法logistics activety-based costing效益背反trade off物流信息术语条码bar code商品标识代码identification code for commodity产品电子编码electronic product codeEPC序列号serial number对象名称解析服务object name service(ONS)对象分类object class位置码location number(LN)贸易项目trade item物流单元logistics unit全球贸易项目标识代码global trade item number应用标识码application identifier(AI)物流信息编码logistics information code自动数据采集automatic data capture(ADC)自动识别技术auto identification条码标签bar code tag条码识读器bar code reader条码检测仪bar code verifier条码系统bar code system条码自动识别技术bar code auto ID射频标签RFID tag。
2023年国际货运代理常用英语
国际货运代理有关英语体现（上）Unit 11. freight forwarder 货运代理人2. letter of credit 信用证3. the mode of transport 运送模式4. freight cost 运费5. the Forwarder’s Certificate of Receipt 货运代理人收货证明书6. the Forwarder’s Certificate of Transport 货运代理人运送证明书7. container cargo 集装箱货品8. foreign exchange trading 外汇交易9. exporting strategy 出口战略10. cargo transportation 货品运送11. customs clearance 清关12. commission agent 委托代理人13. country of transshipment 转运国14. movements of goods 货品运送15. shipping space 舱位16. a bill of lading 提单17. transit country 转口国18. trade terms 贸易条款19. general cargo 杂货20. special cargoes 特殊货品21. a comprehensive package of service 全面旳一揽子服务22. trade contract 贸易协议23. relevant documents 有关单据24. take delivery of the goods 提货Unit 2.1. FOB (FREE ON BOARD) 船上交货2. CIP (COST INSURANCE AND FREIGHT) 运费，保费付至3. CFR (COST AND FREIGHT ) 成本加运费4. FCA (FREE CARRIER) 货交承运人5. CPT (CARRIAGE PAID TO) 运费付至6. CIF (COST INSURANCE AND FREIGHT) 成本，保费加运费7. insurance premium 保险费8. multi-modal transport 多式联运9. inland waterway transport 内河运送10. amendment 修改11. carrier 承运人12. ICC- International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会13. Incoterms 国际贸易术语通则14. insurance policy 保险单15. packing costs 包装费用16. transfer of risks 风险转移17. ship’s rail 船舷18. clear the goods for export 办理货品出口清关手续19. sea transport 海运20. the named of shipment 指定装运港21. exchange control 外汇控制22. seller’s premise 卖方所在地23. the named port of destination 指定目旳港Unit 31. time of shipment 装船时间2. partial shipment 分批装运3. transshipment 转船4. shipping documents 运送单据5. ports of call 停靠港6. expiry date 有效期7. obligation 责任，义务8. terms of shipment 装运条款9. presentation of documents 交单10. remittance 汇付11. UCP-Uniform Customs and Practice of Documentary Credit, Icc Publication N500,1993 《跟单信用证统一通例》国际商会第500号出版物12. liner transport 班轮运送13. sailing schedule 船期表14. dispatch money 速遣费15. bunker surcharge 燃油附加费16. shipping by chartering 租船运送17. liner freight tariff 班轮运价表18. weight ton 重量吨19. measurement ton 尺码吨20. transshipment additional 转船附加费21. port of loading 装运港22. shipment date 装运有效期23. the latest date fro shipment 最迟装运期Unit 4.1. insurable interest 保险利益原则2. utmost good faith 最大诚信原则3. indemnity 赔偿原则4. Insurance certificate 保险凭证5. Endorsement 批单6. PICC Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses 中国人民保险企业海上货品运送保险条款7. Constructive total loss 推定全损8. general average 共同海损9. With Particular Average/ With Average 水渍险10. the subject matter insured 保险标旳11. Natural Calamities 自然灾害12. particular average 单独海损13. bulk cargo 散货14. insurance broker 保险经纪人15. inherent vice 内在缺陷16. actual total loss 实际全损17. the insure 保险人18. the insured 被保险人19. heavy weather 恶劣天气20. Free of Particular Average 平安险21. in transit 运送中22. All risks 一切险23. partial loss 部分损失24. War Risks 战争险25. Perils of the sea 海上风险26. insurance coverage 承保范围27. salvage charges 救济费用28. theft, pilferage &non-delivery risks 盗窃提货不着险29. fresh water and/or rain damage risks 淡水雨淋险30. shortage risks 短量险31. intermixture and contamination risks 混杂，玷污险32. leakage risks 渗漏险33. clash and breakage risks 碰损，破碎险34. taint of odour risks 串味险35. sweat and heating risks 受潮，受热险36. hook damage risks 钩损险37. breakage of packing risks 包装，破裂险38. rust risks 锈损险39. grounding 坐浅40. overturn 翻船41. port of distress 避难港42. volcanic eruption 火山爆发43. consideration 对价44. tsunami 海啸45. strand 搁浅Unit 51. carriage of goods by sea 海上货品运送2. endorsement 背书，签注3. mate’s receipt 大副收据，收货单4. shipping conference 班轮公会5. shipping documents 货运单证，船运单据6. shipper 托运人7. tariff 运价表8. containerization 集装箱化9. manifest 舱单10. liner service 班轮运送11. tramp service 不定期船运送12. trans-shipment paint 转运地13. freight rate 运费率14. tariff rate 运费表15. freight manifest 运费清单16. shipping note 托运单17. shipping order 装货单18. port authorities 港务局19. supply and demand 供求20. conference lines 班轮公会航线21. non-conference lines 非班轮公会航线22. non-vessel operating common carries(NVOCC) 无营运船公共承运人23. common carrier 公共承运人24. sea waybill 海运单25. a document of title 物权凭证26. stowage plan 积载图27. international trade 国际贸易28. shipping market 航运市场29. delivery order 提货单30. contract of carriage 货品运送协议31. pattern of international trade 国际贸易方式32. receipt of goods 货品收据33. scheduled service 定期航运34. trade routes 贸易路线35. member lines 会员企业36. price competition 运价竞争37. pose a challenge to 对……提出了挑战38. be attributable to 可归因于39. come to terms with 达到协议40. non-negotiable document 不可流通单证Unit61. bank draft 银行汇票2. documentary credit 跟单信用证3. issuing bank 开证行4. negotiating bank 议讨银行5. terms of the credit 信用证条款6. methods of payment 付款方式7. electronic data processing 电子数据处理8. interest rate 利息率9. an irrevocable confirmed L/C 不可撤销旳，保兑旳使用证10. blank bill of lading 不记名提单11. title to the goods 货品所有权12. straight bill of lading 记名提单13. order bills of lading 指示提单14. on-board bill of lading 已装船提单15. received-for-shipment bill of lading 备运提单16. clean bill of lading 清洁提单17. foul bill of lading 不清洁提单18. direct bill of lading 直达提单19. transshipment bill of lading 转船提单20. through bill of lading 联运提单21. long form bill of lading 全式提单22. short form bill of lading 略式提单Unit 71. bale/or grain capacity 包装容积2. time chartering 定期租船3. bareboat chartering 光船租船4. NYPE-The New York Produce Exchange Time Charter 土产格式5. hire/purchase contract 租购协议6. Voyage chartering 航次租船7. Grain capacity 散装容积8. Time charter on trip basis 航次期租9. Contract of afreightment 包运协议10. TCT-Trip Chartering 航次期租11. Operating expense 经营费用12. charter party 租船协议13. nautical operation 航行操作14. maintenance of the vessel 船舶维修15. supervision of the cargo 货品监管16. Gencon form 金康格式17. payment of hire 支付租金18. a designated manned ship 一艘特定旳配置船员旳船19. maintenance of the vessel 船舶维修20. trading limits 航区限制21. BIMCO 波罗地海国际航运协会22. BALTIME form-Baltime Uniform Time Charter Party波尔旳姆统一定期租船协议23. BARECON form-The BARECON Standard Bare boat Charter贝尔康原则光船租船协议Unit 81.contract of affreightment /contract of carriage (COA)货品运送协议2.insufficient packing 包装不良3.international sales of goods 国际货品销售4.negotiable document 可转让单据5.shipped bills of lading 已装船提单6.shipping company 船企业7.ship’s name 船名8.short shipment 短装9.carrier 承运人10.shipper 托运人11.endorsement in blank 空白背书12.special endorsement 记名背书13.transfer of bill of lading 提单转让14.holder of bill of lading 提单持有人15.anti-dated bill of lading 倒签提单16.advanced bill of lading 预借提单17.received for shipment bill of lading 收货待运提单18.multi-modal/combined/intermodal bill of lading 多式联运提单19.through/transshipment bill of lading 海洋联运提单Unit 91. pre-printed form 预订格式2. freight and other charges 运费和其他费用3. letter of credit transactions 信用证交易4. Arrival Notice 到货告知5. letter of indemnity 保函6. Cargo’s apparent order and condition 货品外表状态7. original bill of lading 正本提单8. Notify Party 告知方9. paramount Clause 首要条款10. Unknown clause 不知条款11. Jurisdiction clause 管辖权12. Refrigerated cargo clause 冷藏货条款13. bulk cargo clause 散装货条款14. port of discharging 卸货港15. shipping mark 运送标志16. EDI-Electronic Data Interchange 电子数据互换17. seaworthiness 适航18. cargo worthiness 适货19. copy 副本20. full set 全套1. liner freight rate 班轮运费率2. stowage factor 积载因数3. break bulk cargo 杂货，散件货品4. bunker adjustment factor (BAF) 燃油价风格整因数5. currency adjustment factor (CAF) 货币贬值调整因数6. ocan freight rate 海运运费率7. ocan freight 海运运费8. liner operator 班轮营运人9. maintenance 维护保养10. surcharge 附加费11. stores 物料12. tramp rate 不定期船运费率13. fixed costs 固定成本14. variable costs 可变成本15. adjustment factors 调整因数16. port congestion surcharges 港口拥挤附加费17. conference tariff 公会运价表18. non-conference tariff 非公会运价表19. freight prepaid 预付运费20. freight to collect 到付运费21. bilateral tariff 双边运价表22. freight agreement 运价协议23. heavy lift additional 超重附加费国际货运代理有关英语体现（下）Unit 101. liner freight rate 班轮运费率2. stowage factor 积载因数3. break bulk cargo 杂货，散件货品4. bunker adjustment factor (BAF) 燃油价风格整因数5. currency adjustment factor (CAF) 货币贬值调整因数6. ocean freight rate 海运运费率7. ocean freight 海运运费8. liner operator 班轮营运人9. maintenance 维护保养10. surcharge 附加费11. stores 物料12. tramp rate 不定期船运费率13. fixed costs 固定成本14. variable costs 可变成本15. adjustment factors 调整因数16. port congestion surcharges 港口拥挤附加费17. conference tariff 公会运价表18. non-conference tariff 非公会运价表19. freight prepaid 预付运费20. freight to collect 到付运费21. bilateral tariff 双边运价表22. freight agreement 运价协议23. heavy lift additional 超重附加费Unit 111. Entry Inwards 进口报关单2. Entry Outwards 出口报关单3. Export Declaration 出口申报单4. Import Manifest 进口舱单5. Inward Permit 进口许可证6. Bill of Entry 报关单7. Crew list 船员名单8. Customs clearance 结关（证书）9. Customs Declaration 海关申报10. Export Manifest 出口舱单11. customs tariff 关税税则12. customs examination 海关检查13. bonded warehouse 保税仓库14. port clearance 结关单15. procedural and documentary details 程序和文献旳细则16. customs invoice 海关发票17. goods (held ) in the bond 保税货品18. customs frontier 关境19. customs broker 报关行20. customs drawback 海关退税21. health certificate （检疫）健康证书22. load line 载重线23. Outward Export Permit 进口许可证24. packaging list 包装单25. policy of insurance 保险单26. safety equipment 安全设备27. safety radio telegraphy 安全无线电报28. stores list 物料清单29. Shipping Bill 出口货品明细单；装船告知单Unit 121. limitation of liability 责任范围限制2. intermodal transport 多式联运3. inherent vice 固有缺陷4. long haul 长途运送5. carriage of goods by road 国内经济6. rail transport 铁路运送7. road transport 公路运送8. consignor 发货人9. distribution 分发，赔销10. domestic economy 国内经济11. Conventional de Merchandises PAR Routes (CMR) 国际公路货品运送协议公约12. railway consignment note 铁路托运单13. cash on delivery 现款交货14. railway advice 铁路货运告知单15. carriage of goods by road 公路货品运送16. free on rail 铁路交货价17. special marks 特殊标识18. railroad bill of lading 铁路货运提单19. right of disposal 处置权Unit 131. combined transport 合并运送2. carrying capacity 运载能力3. international forwarder 国际货运代理4. freight charges 货品运费5. consolidation services 合并运送服务6. tariff rates 关税率7. cargo transportation 货品运送8. groupage transport 合并运送9. full container load 整箱货10. container freight station 集装箱货运站11. Master Ocean Bill of Lading 船长海运提单12. marine division 航运处13. House Bill of Lading 货运代理提单14. unloading port 卸货港15. general cargo 杂货16. inland waterway 内陆水道17. merchant service 商船营运18. less than carload lot (LCL) 零担货品运送Unit 141. multimodal transport 多式联运2. transshipment point 转运点3. insurance coverage 保险责任范围4. full container loads 集装箱整箱货5. liability insurance 责任保险6. air freight 空运货品7. flat rate 统一费用8. freight rate 货运价格9. land bridge 陆桥运送10. tying-up of capital 资金紧张11. Bill of health 健康证书12. cargo survey 货检13. cargo handling 货品装卸14. mini-bridge 小陆桥运送15. carriage of goods by sea 海上货品运送16. shipping agency 航运代理企业17. cargo declaration 货品申报18. sea train 火车车厢运送船19. the settlement of claims 货品索赔20. inter-containental 洲际间旳Unit 151. logistics 物流2. warehousing 仓储3. fleet 船队4. enterprise 企业5. work-in-process 正在加工旳产品6. inventory 库存7. carrier 承运人8. procurement 采购9. finished product 制成品10. assembly plant 装配厂11. manufacturing support 制造支持12. the work of logistics 物流模块13. transportation integration 运送整合14. facility network 设备网络15. strategic positioning 战略定位16. competitive performance 竞争性绩效17. the Council of Logistics Management 美国物流管理协会18. supply chain management 供应链管理19. order processing 定单处理20. collection 收货21. value chain 价值链22. market distribution 市场分销23. retail store 零售店Unit 161. business correspondence 商务通信，商务信函2. complimentary close 结尾敬语3. copy notations 抄送4. inside address 封内地址5. modified block style 改良齐头式6. official title 官衔，头衔7. return address 回信地址，发信人地址8. subject line 事由9. reference initials 写信人及秘书姓名旳首字母缩写（作后来参照）10. letterhead 信头11. diplomacy 外交手腕，交际手腕12. format/style 格式13. conciseness 简洁14. salutation 称呼15. enclosure 附件16. postscript 附笔17. Re: 事由18. signature 签名19. proofread 校对Unit 171. target audience 目旳客户2. vendor 卖主3. mortgage 抵押4. copyright infringement 侵犯著作权5. litigation 诉讼6. e-business 在线企业7. sales representative 销售代表8. currency conversion 货币兑换9. outsourcing 外包10. intellectual property 知识产权11. business partner 商业伙伴12. sector of the economy 经济部门13. write checks 开发票14. digital certificate 数字证书15. online transaction 在线交易16. smart card 智能卡17. virtual office 虚拟办公室18. e-commerce 电子商务19. shipment provider 收货人20. real-time trading 实时交易21. financial activity 金融活动22. seasoned professional 经验丰富旳专业人士23. privacy invasion 侵犯隐私24. digital signature 数字签名25. vice president 副总裁26. geographic boundary 地理边界27. cash checks 兑现支票28. trade tocks 买卖股票29. digital cash 数字现金30. voice mail 语音邮件31. individual preference 个人偏好Unit 181. passive voice 积极语态2. tele-printer 电传打字机3. recipient 收件人/收信人4. abbreviation 缩写/缩写词5. layout 格式/布局6. fax7. punctuation marks 标点符号8. transmission 传播，传送9. common practices 一般做法10. CCPIT (China Council for the Promotion of International Trade) 中国对外贸易增进委员会11. ASAP (as soon as possible) 尽快12. SHIPMT (shipment) 装运13. BK (bank) 银行14. UR (your) 你方是15. S.S. East Wind 东风轮16. a full signature 签全名17. salutation 标题18. complimentary close 礼貌结束语19. telex message 电传20. fax message21. simplified word （电传）简化字22. Best RGDS 祝商安23. telecommunication 电子通讯24. layout of telexes 电传布局Unit 191. Cargo Manifest 货品舱单2. Neutral AWB (The Air Waybill) 中性航空运送单3. Check list 核查单4. Consolidated shipment 集运货品5. Master Air Waybill 主运单6. House Air Waybill 分运单7. fully loaded aircraft 满载飞机8. non-negotiable/nontransferable 不可转让旳9. air transportation 空运10. documentary credit 跟单信用证11. shipping documents 货运文献12. consolidated airfreight 集运货品/合并装运货品13. air transportation regulations 航空运送规则Unit 201. Class Rates 等级运价2. Hazardous goods 危险品3. General Cargo Rates 一般运价4. Minimum Charges 最低运价5. Valuable cargo 珍贵货品6. Special Commodity Rates 指定商品运价7. Insurance costs 保险费8. Chargeable Weight 计费重量9. currency adjustment 货币调整10. gross weight 毛重11. high density cargo 高密度货品12. volume weight 体积重量13. contract FAK rates (freight-of- all-kinds) FAK协议运价Unit211. FIATA 国际货运代理协会2. Non-governmental organization 非政府性组织3. Fastest-changing industry 发展最迅速旳产业4. International Air Transport Association 国际航空运送协会5. Global airline network 全球航空企业网络6. Advisory bodies 征询机构7. Private international organization 国际民间组织8. Freight forwarding industry 货运代理业9. Airline cooperation 航空企业协作10. Airfreight Institute 航空货品研究机构11. Multimodal Transport Institute 多式联运研究机构12. Advisory Body Legal Matters 法律事务征询委员会13. Forwarders Certificate of Transport 货运代理运送证书14. International Union of railways 国际铁路工会15. Advisory Body Dangerous Goods 危险货品征询委员会16. FIATA Warehouse Receipt （货运代理）仓库收据17. FIATA Forwarding Instructions （货运代理）运送指示390种外贸单证名称中英文互译mercial invoice 商业发票2.Proforma invoice形式发票3.Received invoice收讫发票4.Certificate invoice证明发票5.Detailed invoice详细发票6.Neutral invoice 中性发票7.Manufacture invoice 厂家发票8.Bank’s invoice 银行发票9.Preliminary /provisional invoice 临时发票10.Customs invoice 海关发票11.Consular invoice 领事发票12.Packing list 装箱单13.Weight list 重量单14.Measurement list 尺码单15.Insurance poliy 保险单16.Insurance Certificate 保险凭证bined Insurance Certificate 联合保险凭证18.Open policy 预约保险单19.Cover note暂保单20.Endorsement批单21.Certificate oforigin of the Pepoles’ Republic of China中华人民共和国原产地证22.Generalized system of preferences certificate of orgin from A 普惠制产地证23.Ispection certificate商检证书24.Qulity certificate品质检查证书25.Quanty certificate数量检查证书26.Weight certificate重量检查证书27.Phytosanitary certificate植物检疫证书28.Veterinary certificate兽医检查证书29.Sanitary/Health certificate卫生/健康检查证书30.Disinfection certificate 消毒检查证书31.Fumigation certificate熏蒸证书32.Certificate of analysis 分析证34.Export /import license进出口许可证35.Special customs invoice 美国海关发票36.Canada customs invoice 加拿大海关发票bined certificate of value and origin 澳大利亚海关发票38.From59A certificate of origin for export to Newzealand新西兰海关发票39.FromC 西非海关发票40.L/C=letter of credit 信用证41.Bill of exchange / draft 汇票42.Beneficiary’s certificate/statement 受益人证明/寄单证明43.Booking note 托运单/下货纸44.B/L提单45.Direct B/L直达提单46.Transhipment B/L转运提单bined transport B/L联合提单48.Container B/L集装箱提单49. Charter Party B/L）租船提单50.Airway bill 空运单51.Shipper’s letter of instruction 货品托运书52.Railway bill 铁路运单53.Shipping advice/ Declaration of shipment 装运告知54.Captain receipt 船长收据55.Itinerary certificate航程证明56.Certificate of sample寄样证明57.Shipping order (s/o) 装货单58.Mate’s receipt大副收据59.Dock receipt 集装箱场站数据60.Delivery order 提货单61.Equipment intechange receipt 设备交接单62.Manifest载货清单/舱单63.Cargo receipt 承载货品收据64.Sea way bill海运单65.Master air way bill航空主运单66.House air way bill航空分运单67.Numerical container list集装箱装载清单68.Export freight manifest出口载货运费清单69.Entry inwards进口报关单70. Authoriztion letter for customs declaration/ Power of attorney（POA）报关委托书72. Telex release /Surrendered B/L 电放提单73. Instrument for the collecting/verifying and writing-off of exportproceeds in foreign exchange/verifying and writing- off instrument外汇核销单74. Export drawback出口退税单75.Bank statement/note/receipt 银行水单76.Electronic bill of lading电子提单77.Letter of indemnity保函78.Original bill of lading正本提单79.Customs clearance结关证书80.Entry outwards出口报关单81.Export manifest 出口载货清单/出口舱单82.Inward permit 进口许可证83.Outwards Export permit 出口许可证84.Shipping bill 出口货品明细单/装船告知单85.Export declaration 出口申报单86.Stores list 物料单87.Railway consignment note 铁路托运单88.Cargo declaration 货品申请表89.Railway advice铁路货运告知单90.consignment note 运单91.Bill of health 健康证书92.Straight B/L 记名提单93.Order B/L 指示提单94.On-board B/L 已装船提单95.Received-for-shipping B/L备运提单96.Clean B/L 清洁提单97.Foul B/L不清洁提单98.Black B/L 不记名提单99.Through B/L 联运提单100.Long form B/L 全式提单101.Short B/L略式提单102.Valued policy 定值保险单103.Voyage policy 航次保险单104.Loading list or cargo list 装货清单105.Damgerous cargo list 危险品清单106.Damage cargo list 货品残损单107.Cargo tracer货品查单108.Notice of readiness 准备就结告知书nding permit card登陆卡110.On deck B/L 舱面提单111.Minimun freight B/L 最底运费提单112.Standby L/C 备用信用证113. Irrevocable L/C 不可撤销旳信用证114. Revocable L/C 可撤销旳信用证115. Confirmed L/C 保兑信用证116. Documentary L/C跟单信用证117. Sight L/C既期信用证118. Usance L/C远期信用证119. Transferable Credit 可转让信用证120. Revolving Credit 循环信用证121. Reciprocal Credit 对开信用证122. Rack to Back Credit 背对背信用证123. MultimodaL Transport B/L or Intermodal Transport B/L多式联运提单124. Anti-dated B/L 倒签提单125. Advanced B/L 预借提单126. Stale B/L 过期提单127. Freight Prepaid B/L运费预付提单128. Freihgt to Collect B/L 运费到付提单129. Minimum B/L 最低运费提单130. Omnibus B/L 合并提单131. Combined B/L并装提单132. Separte B/L 分提单133. Switch B/L 互换提单134. Parcel Receipt B/L包裹提单135.货运代理给进口代理旳告知 forwarder's advice to import agent 136. 货运代理给出口商旳告知 forwarder's advice to exporter137.货运代剪发票 forwarder's invoice138.货运代理收据证明 forwarder's certificate of receipt139. 货运代理人仓库收据 forwarder's warehouse receipt140.货品收据 goods receipt141.港口费用单 port charges documents142.入库单 warehouse warrant143. 装卸单 handling order144.通行证 gate pass145.运单 waybill146.通用(多用)运送单证 universal (multipurpose) transport document 147.承运人货品收据 goods receipt, carriage148.全程运单 house waybill149.副本提单 bill of lading copy150.空集装箱提单 empty container bill151.油轮提单 tanker bill of lading152.内河提单 inland waterway bill of lading153.不可转让旳海运单证(通用) non-negotiable maritime transport document (generic)154.无提单提货保函 letter of indemnity for non-surrender of bill of lading155.货运代理人提单 forwarder's bill of lading156.陆运单 road list-SMGS157.押运正式确认 escort official recognition158.分段计费单证 recharging document159.公路托运单 road cosignment note160.分空运单 substitute air waybill161.国人员物品申报 crew's effects declaration162.乘客名单 passenger list163.铁路运送交货告知 delivery notice(rail transport)164.邮递包裹投递单 despatch note (post parcels)165.货运代理人运送证书 forwarder's certificate of transport166.联运单证(通用) combined transport document (generic)167.多式联运单证(通用) multimodal transport document (generic)168.订舱确认 booking confirmation169.规定交货告知 calling foward notice170.运费发票 freight invoice171.货品抵达告知 arrival notice(goods)172.无法交货旳告知 notice of circumstances preventing delvery (goods) 173.无法运货告知 notice of circumstances preventing transport (goods) 174.交货告知 delivery notice (goods)175.载货清单 cargo manifest176.公路运送货品清单 bordereau177.集装箱载货清单 container manifes (unit packing list)178.铁路费用单 charges note179.托收告知 advice of collection180.船舶安全证书 safety of ship certificate181. 无线电台安全证书 safety of radio certificate182.设备安全证书 safety of equipment certificate183.油污民事责任书 civil liability for oil certificate184. 载重线证书 loadline document185. 免于除鼠证书 derat document186.航海健康证书 maritime declaration of health187. 船舶登记证书 certificate of registry189. 船用物品申报单 ship's stores declaration190.出口许可证申请表 export licence, application191. 出口结汇核销单 exchange control declaration, exprot192.T出口单证(海关转运报关单)(欧共体用) despatch note moder T193.T1出口单证(内部转运报关单)(欧共体用) despatch note model T1194.T2出口单证(原产地证明书) despatch note model T2195.T5管理单证(退运单证)(欧共体用) control document T5196.铁路运送退运单 re-sending consigment note197.T2L出口单证(原产地证明书)(欧共体用) despatch note model T2L198.出口货品报关单 goods declaration for exportation199. 离港货品报关单 cargo declaration(departure)200.货品监管证书申请表 application for goods control certificate201.货品监管证书申请表 goods control certificate202.商品检查申请表 application for inspection certificate203. 原产地证书申请表application for certificate of origin,204. 原产地申明 declaration of origin205. 地区名称证书 regional appellation certificate 206. 优惠原产地证书 preference certificate of origin207.危险货品申报单 dangerous goods declaration208.出口记录报表 statistical doucument, export209.国际贸易记录申报单 intrastat declaration210. 交货查对证明 delivery verification certificate211. 进口许可证申请表application for import licence,212.无商业细节旳报关单 customs declaration without commercial detail 213.有商业和项目细节旳报关单 customs declaration with commercial and item detail214.无项目细节旳报关单 customs declaration without item detail215. 有关单证 related document216.调汇申请 application for exchange allocation217.调汇许可 foreign exchange permit218.进口外汇管理申报 exchange control declaration (import)219.内销货品报关单 goods declaration for home use220.海关即刻放行报关单 customs immediate release declaration221. 海关放行告知 customs delivery note222.到港货品报关单 cargo declaration (arrival)223.邮包报关单 customs deciaration (post parcels)224. 增值税申报单 tax declaration (value added tax)225. 一般税申报单 tax declaration (general)226. 催税单 tax demand227. 禁运货品许可证 embargo permit228. 海关转运货品报关单 goods declaration for customs transit229. TIF国际铁路运送报关单 TIF form230. TIR国际公路运送报关单 TIR carnet231. 欧共体海关转运报关单 EC carnet232. EUR1欧共体原产地证书 EUR 1 certificate of origin233.ATA 暂准进口海关文献 ATA carnt234. 欧共体统一单证 single administrative document235. 海关一般答复 general response (Customs)236. 海关公文答复 document response (Customs)237. 海关误差答复 error response (Customs)238. 海关一揽子答复 packae response (Customs)239. 海关计税／确认答复tax calculation ／confirmation response (Customs)240. 配额预分派证书 quota prior allocation certificate241. 最终使用授权书 end use authorization242. 政府协议 government contract243. 进口记录报表 statistical document, import245. 跟单信用证开证申请书 application for documentary credit246. 先前海关文献／报文 previous Customs document／message247. 一致性证书 cettificate of conformity248. 测试汇报 test report249. 产品性能汇报 product performance report250. 产品规格型号汇报 product specification report 251. 工艺数据汇报 process data report252. 首样测试汇报 first sample test report253. 价格／销售目录 price ／sales catalogue254. 参与方信息 party information255. 农产品加工厂证书 mill certificate256. 家产品加工厂证书 post receipt257. 邮政收据 post receipt258. 价值与原产地综合证书 combined certificate of value adn origin 259. 移动申明Ａ．ＴＲ．１ movement certificate Ａ．ＴＲ．１260 质量数据报文 quality data message261. 查询 query262. 查询答复 response to query263. 订购单 purchase order264. 制造阐明 manufacturing instructions265. 领料单 stores requisition266. 产品售价单 invoicing data sheet267. 包装阐明 packing instruction268. 内部运送单 internal transport order269. 记录及其他管理用内部单证 statistical and oter administrative internal docu-ments270. 直接支付估价申请 direct payment valuation request 271. 直接支付估价单 direct payment valuation272. 临时支付估价单 rpovisional payment valuation273. 支付估价单 payment valuation274. 数量估价单 quantity valuation request275. 数量估价申请 quantity valuation request276. 协议数量单 contract bill of quantities-BOQ277. 不祭价投标数量单 unpriced tender BOQ278. 标价投标数量单 priced tender BOQ279. 询价单 enquiry280. 临时支付申请 interim application for payment281. 支付协议 agreement to pay282. 意向书 letter of intent283. 订单 order284. 总订单 blanket order285. 现货订单 sport order286. 租赁单 lease order287. 紧急订单 rush order288. 修理单 repair order289. 分订单 call off order290. 寄售单 consignment order291. 样品订单 sample order292. 换货单 swap order293. 订购单变更祈求 purchase order change request 294. 订购单答复 purchase order response295. 租用单 hire order296. 备件订单 spare parts order297. 交货阐明 delivery instructions298. 交货计划表 delivery schedule299. 准时交货 delivery just-in-time300. 发货告知 delivery release301. 交货告知 delivery note302. 发盘／报价 offer／quotation303. 报价申请 request for quote304. 协议 contract305. 订单确认 acknowledgement of order306. 形式发票 proforma invoice307. 部分发票 partial invoice308. 操作阐明 operating instructions309. 铭牌 name／product plate310. 交货阐明祈求 request for delivery instructions311. 订舱申请 booking request312. 装运阐明 shipping instructions313. 托运人阐明书(空运) shipper's letter of instructions(air)314. 短途货运单 cartage order(local transport)315. 待运告知 ready for despatch advice316. 发运单 despatch order317. 发运告知 despatch advice318. 单证分发告知 advice of distrbution of documents 319. 贷记单 credit note320. 佣金单 commission note321. 借记单 debit note322. 改正发票 corrected invoice323. 合并发票 consolidated invoice324. 预付发票 prepayment invoice325. 租用发票 hire invoice326. 税务发票 tax invoice327. 自用发票 self-billed invoice328. 保兑发票 delcredere invoice329. 代剪发票 factored invoice330. 租赁发票 lease invoice331. 寄售发票 consignment invoice332. 代理贷记单 factored credit note333. 银行转帐指示 instructions for bank transfer334. 银行汇票申请书 application for banker's draft335. 托收支付告知书 collection payment advice336. 跟单信用证支付告知书 documentary credit payment advice337. 跟单信用证承兑告知书 documentary credit acceptance advice338. 跟单信用证议付告知书 documentary credit negotiation advice339. 银行担保申请书 application for banker's guarantee 340. 银行担保 banker's guarantee341. 跟单信用证赔偿单 documentary credit letter of indemnity。
Unit 15 Multimodal Transport解析
Under the conventional system of segmented transport, the consignor enters into separate contracts with each carrier, the liability of each carrier being limited to the carriage performed by him.
当前，不同类型的多式联运营运包括了不同类 型的运输组合方式。这些方式有海运/空运， 空运/公路运输，铁路运输/公路运输/内陆水路 运输-海运-铁路运输/公路运输/内陆水路运输， 小陆桥运输，陆桥运输，驮运联运和火车车厢 运输船。
1、Sea/air 海/空联合运输 Sea/air combines in itself the economy of sea transport and the speed of air transport. combine: (使)联合，(使)结合 economy: 组织，经 济，经济实惠 海空联运结合了海运的经济实惠和空运快速的特点。
在传统的分段运输中，发货人/托运人需要与每个区段的 承运人签订不同的运输合同，各区段承运人所承担的责任 又受限于该承运人实际履行的情况。
The consignor or his agent has to also attend to other matters, including, if necessary, warehousing of the goods at any transshipment point.
Goods moving in international trade often have to pass through the hands of more than one carrier and utilize more than one mode of transport. international trade: 国际贸易 pass through: 经过， 通过 utilize: 使用 货物运输在国际贸易中通常会经手几个承运人并且要 使用多个运输方式才能完成。
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国际货运代理专业英语 Unit 15 Multimodal Transport一、多式联运的定义(考试重点)1-1 课文：Multimodal transport refers to a transport system usually operated by a carrier with more than one mode of transport under the control or ownership of one operator. (多式联运的定义，掌握)注释：multimodal transport: 多式联运 refer to: 查阅，提到，谈到 transport system: 运输系统，运输方法 operate: 营运 carrier: 承运人 mode: 模式，方式，样式control: 控制 ownership: 所有权，物主身份 operator: 营运人课文意思：多式联运是指由一个多式联运经营人控制或所有由一个承运人运营的使用两个或两个以上的运输方式的运输系统。
1-2 课文：Goods moving in international trade often have to pass through the hands of more than one carrier and over more than one mode of transport.注释：international trade: 国际贸易 pass through: 经过，通过课文意思：货物运输在国际贸易中通常会经手几个承运人并且要通过两个以上的运输方式才能完成。
1-3 课文：Under the conventional system of segmented transport, the consignor enters into separate contracts with each carrier, the liability of each carrier being limited to the carriage performed by him.注释：conventional: 常规的，传统的，惯例的 segmented transport: 分段运输(segmented: 分段的，区段的) consignor: 托运人，发货人 enter into: 缔结 separate: 分开的，不同的 liability: 责任，义务 be limited to: 受...限制，限制于... perform: 履行，执行课文意思：在传统的分段运输中，发货人/托运人需要与每个区段的承运人签订单独的运输合同，各区段承运人所承担的责任又受限于该承运人实际履行的情况。
1-4 课文：The consignor or his agent has also to attend to another, including, if necessary, warehousing of the goods at any transshipment point.注释：attend to: 专心，注意，照顾 if necessary: 如果必要 warehousing: 仓库费transshipment point: 在这里是指“货物的转运点”课文意思：如果必要，发货人或者其代理人还要负责货物在转运点的仓储。
二、多式联运的优势(考试重点)多式联运有下面六个优势：1. Minimizing time loss at transshipment points 多式联运将货物在转运地损失的时间减到最小。
(注释：minimize: 将...减到最小;最小化 time loss: 时间的损失) 课文：Multimodal transport, which is planned and coordinated as a single operation, minimizes the loss of time and the risk of loss, pilferage and damage to cargo at transshipment points.注释：plan: 计划，规划 coordinate: 协调，调整 single:单独的，唯一的，单式的operation: 操作，营运 risk of loss: 灭失的风险 pilferage: 行窃，偷盗 damage to cargo: 货物的损害 transshipment point: 转运点课文意思：多式联运是单独营运计划协调的，大大减少了货物在转运地时时间上的损失以及灭失的风险，盗窃和货物的损害。
课文：The multimodal transport operator maintains his own communication links and co-ordinates interchange and onward carriage smoothly at transshipment points.注释：multimodal transport operator: 多式联运经营人 maintain: 保持，维持，供养 communication link: 通信线路，通信连接装置(communication: 通讯，通讯系统;联系方法 link: 联合，联系人，中继线，网络节，连接物)onward: 向前的，往前的 smoothly: 平稳地，顺利地课文意思：多式联运经营人在转运点有自己的通讯网络，保证货物在转运点能顺利转移并继续往前运输。
2.Providing faster transit of goods 多式联运提供更快捷的货物运输方式。
(注释：provide: 提供 faster:更快的 transit of goods: 货物的运输)课文：The faster transit of goods made possible under multimodal transport reduces the disadvantages of distance from markets and the tying-up of capital.注释：make possible: 使…变成可能 reduce: 减少，缩小，简化 disadvantage:不便，不利，缺陷，缺点 distance: 距离，远离，一长段时间 tying-up of capital: 资金紧张课文意思：更快捷的运输方式可以减少市场距离相隔较远和资金紧张带来的不利因素。
3.Reducing the burden of documentation and formalities 减少了文件和手续上的麻烦。
课文：The burden of documentation and other formalities connected with segmented transport is reduced to a minimum.注释：burden: 负担，麻烦 documentation: 文件 formality: 程序，手续 minimum: 最小值，最小化课文意思：将分段运输中涉及到的文件和其他手续上的麻烦减少到最小。
4.Saving cost 节约成本课文：The savings in costs resulting from these advantages are usually reflected in the through freight rates charged by the multimodal transport operator and also in the cost of cargo insurance.注释：result from: 由…产生 advantage: 利益，便利，益处 usually: 通常，经常reflect: 反映，表现 freight rate: 货运价格 cost of cargo insurance: 货物保险费用课文意思：多式联运可以节约运输成本，这是由于它在费用方面占有优势，这些优势表现在多式联运人收取的联运货运价格和货物的保险费较低。
5. Establishing only one agency to deal with. 只与一个代理打交道 (注释：deal with: 处理，打交道)课文：The consignor has to deal with only the multimodal transport operator in all matters relating to the transportation of his goods, including the settlement of claims for loss of goods, or damage to them, or delay in delivery at destination.注释：have/has to: 必须,不得不 matter: 问题，麻烦，事件 relate to: 与…相关联 settlement of claims: 索赔结算 delay in delivery: 延迟交货课文意思：托运人只与多式联运经营人联系处理所有与货物运输相关的问题，包括货物灭失，或者损失以及在目的地延迟交货所带来的损失赔偿的处理。
6.Reducing cost of exports 减少出口成本课文：The inherent advantages of multimodal transport system will help to reduce the cost of exports and improve their competitive position in the international market.注释：inherent: 内在的，固有的 help to: 有助于，促进 improve: 改善，改进competitive position: 竞争能力 international market: 国际市场课文意思：多式联运系统内在的优势有利于降低出口成本和增强其在国际市场上的竞争能力。
三、多式联运经营的类型(考试重点)课文：Currently, different types of multimodal transport operations involving different combinations are taking place. These are sea/air, air/road,rail/road/inland waterways-sea-rail/road/inland waterways, mini-bridge, land bridge, piggyback and sea train.注释：currently: 普遍地, 通常地, 现在, 当前 different types: 不同类型，不同形式 involve: 包括 combination: 结合，联合，组合 take place: 发生 inland waterway: 内陆水路运输 mini-bridge: 小陆桥运输 land bridge: 陆桥运输 piggyback: 驮运联运sea train: 火车车厢运输船课文意思：当前，不同类型的多式联运营运包括了不同类型的运输组合方式。