考博英语词汇和翻译练习题及答案

考博英语练习题

1. Daily nutrition, weight, and physical activities in the family will largely determine whether your children are _____ to children diabetes.

A. likely

B. susceptible

C. influential

D. Sustainable

2. The accusations we bring against others should be ____ ourselves; they should not ____ complacency and easy judgments on our part concerning our own moral conduct.

A. denigration of.., exclude

B. instructions to... equate

C. parodies of... satirize

D. warnings to... justify

【翻译练习】

1、英译汉参考译文

The researchers, from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, say when people are living together they share behaviors, such as eating meals together and watching TV. The scientists also note that marriage provides a number of health benefits, including decreased cigarette smoking and lower mortality.

2、汉译英

上海举行的峰会可以促进六国之间的友好合作关系。

【参考答案】

1.B

【句子大意】每日汲取的营养成分，体重和在家锻炼很大程度上决定您的孩子是否容易患上儿童糖尿病。

【精析】likely“很可能的，合适的”；susceptible“易受影响的”；influential“有影响的，有势力的”；sustainable“可以忍受的，足可支撑的”；故选B项。

2.D

【句子大意】那些对他人的控告应该视为对我们自己的一个警告；我们不能够仅凭自身道德行径就有理由去妄下定论并且骄傲自满。

【精析】denigration of 诋毁，贬损；exclude排除，排斥；instructions教导，说明；equate 使相等，视为平等；parodies of模仿，效仿；satirize讽刺，挖苦；Warnings to警告；justify 证明合法。根据原文，可根据第一句话，首先排除AC选项，对他人的控告不能是对自身的一种诋毁，或效仿。故选D项。

【翻译参考答案】

1、英译汉参考译文

北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校(University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)的研究人员说，两个人生活在一起就会一同行动，比如说一块儿吃饭看电视。科学家们还强调，婚姻会带来许多健康方面的好处，比如说少抽烟，死亡率也会降低。

2、汉译英参考答案

The Summit Sessions held in Shanghai could foster better relations and cooperation between the six counties.

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1. Dozens of scientific groups all over the world have been ______ the goal of a practical and economical way to use sunlight to split water molecules.

A. chasing

B. reaching

C. pursuing

D. winning

2. Scientists believe that a conclusion which is drawn readily before all of the relevant data are collected, analyzed and contemplated is called ______.

A. insincere

B. premise

C. presumption

D. premature

【翻译练习】

1、英译汉

The Wall Street bank said it earned $1bn, or $1.69 a share, in the second quarter, up from $683m, or $1.13 a share, a year earlier. Strong fixed-income trading results offset a sharp drop in debt-underwriting revenue.

2、汉译英

只有那些不怕困难的人，才有可能在工作中取得卓越的成果。

【参考答案】

1.C

许多世界各地的科学团体一直追求利用太阳光分解水分子这一经济实用方式的目标。

【解析】动词词义辨析。chase“追逐，追捕”；reach“达到，抵达，伸出”；pursue“继续，追求，追赶”；win“赢得，在……中获胜”。由关键词have been“一直在（表示持续状态”及“goal”可推知“追求目标”符合，由此知C项正确。

2.C

【句意】科学家们认为在所有的相关数据被收集、分析和考虑之前轻易得出的结论被称为推定。

【解析】名词及形容词词义辨析。insincere“（形容词）不诚实的，虚假的”；premise“前提，假设”；presumption“假定，推定”；premature“早产儿，过早发生的事物”。由关键词conclusion “结论”及“before all of the relevant data are collected, analyzed and contemplated”可推知“称为推定”符合，由此知C项正确。

【翻译参考答案】

1、英译汉参考译文

这家华尔街银行表示，第二季度它的每股收益为10亿美元，合每股1.69美元，高于上年同期的6.83亿美元，即每股1.13美元。强劲的固定收益交易业绩抵消了债券承销收入的大幅下降。

2、汉译英参考答案

Only those who are not afraid of any difficulties have the chance of achieving outstanding results in their work.

============================================================================== 1. The Chinese language differs _____ from the English language because of their different writing system and pronunciation.

A) considerably