山东省2016年专升本大学语文真题详解
山东省2016年专升本大学语文真题详解
山东省2016年专升本大学语文考试真题本试题分为第1卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分,共4页。
满分100分。
考试用时120分钟。
考试结束后,将本试题和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项:1.答题前,考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、身份证号填写到试题规定的位置上。
2.第1卷每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号,答案不能答在试题上。
3.第Ⅱ卷答题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第1卷一、单项选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共1 0分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填涂在答题卡上。
错选、多选或未选均无分1.下列文章中,以驳论为主的是A.季氏将伐颛臾B.寡人之于国也C.秋水D.谏逐客书2.宋代开豪放词风的词人是A.柳永B.李清照C.苏轼D.辛弃疾3.以下哪位是唐朝“边塞”诗作代表诗人A.高适B.李白C.杜甫D.王维4.以下哪个成语不.是.出自《战国策》A.画蛇添足B.惊弓之鸟C.狡兔三窟D.守株待兔5.《采薇》诗中没有..表现的思想感情倾向是A.对周天子的愤怒B.对战争的厌恶C.对和平的向往D.思乡自伤之情6.李清照曾因三句带“瘦”的诗词而被称为“三瘦诗人”,下列不属于...李清照的“三瘦”的是A.“新来瘦,非干病酒,不是悲秋”B.“知否,知否,应是绿艴红瘦”C.“莫道不消魂,帘卷西风,人比黄花瘦”D.“是人总道薪来瘦,也著甚来由。
”7.下列不属于...汤显祖的“临川四梦”的是A.《牡丹亭》B.《紫钗记》C.《邯郸记》D.《紫箫记》8.“忽如一夜春风起,千树万树梨花开”这两旬诗出自岑参的A.《白雪歌送武判官归京》B.《轮台歌奉送封大夫出师西征》C.《走马川行奉送出师西征》D.《天山雪歌》9.下列哪首王维的诗歌体现的是初冬的幽美景色A.《江汉临泛》B.《山中》C.《鹿柴》D.《渭城曲》10.下列句子中,不含..有通假字的一项是A.居其所而众星共之B.匪来贸丝,来即我谋C.都邑浮前浦,波澜动远空D.返景入深林,复照青苔上第Ⅱ卷二、填空题(本大题共9小题,每空1分,共1 0分)11.是中国最早的诗歌总集,收录西周至春秋中期各地方民族及朝庙乐章共305首。
山东专升本(语文)历年真题试卷汇编3(题后含答案及解析)
山东专升本(语文)历年真题试卷汇编3(题后含答案及解析)题型有:1. 单项选择题 3. 古文翻译题 5. 填空题 6. 阅读理解9. 词语解释单项选择题1.诗句“桃之天天,灼灼其华”出自于( )A.《诗经.桃天》B.《诗经.子衿》C.《诗经.关雎》D.《诗经.蒹葭》正确答案:A解析:识记类试题,属经典文学作品名句考察。
《桃天》是《诗经.周南》中的一首,也不在考试大纲规定的三十五篇之中。
《桃夭》一诗是《诗经》当中脍炙人口的篇章,—_直为后人传唱不衰。
“桃之天天,灼灼其华”两句是《桃天》中的名句,以鲜艳的桃花比喻新娘的年青娇媚,诗中所描绘的鲜嫩的桃花,纷纷绽蕊,而经过打扮的新嫁娘此刻既兴奋又羞涩,两颊飞红,真有人面桃花,两相辉映的韵味,意境明艳优美,历来为人称道。
《桃天》全篇如下:“桃之天天,灼灼其华。
之子于归,宜其室家。
桃之夭夭,有黄其实。
之子于归,宜其家室。
桃之天天,其叶蓁蓁。
之子于归,宜其家人。
”2.“岁寒,然后知松柏之后凋也。
”出自下面哪部作品( )A.《春秋》B.《左传》C.《战国策》D.《论语》正确答案:D解析:识记类试题,属经典文学作品名句考察。
这道题和填空题中的第二题重复,属于命题的疏漏。
具体解说请参填空第二小题解析。
3.我国文学史上第一部最富文采、标志着我国古代叙事散文的成熟著作是( )A.《左传》B.《国语》C.《战国策》D.《史记》正确答案:A解析:识记、理解类试题,属作家作品类文学常识考察。
《左传》是“《春秋》三传”之一,它以《春秋》的记事为纲,增加了大量的历史事实和传说,叙述了丰富多彩的历史事件,描写了形形色色的历史人物。
把《春秋》中的简短记事,发展成为完整的叙事散文。
《左传》发展了《春秋》笔法,不再以事件的简略排比或个别字的褒贬来体现作者的思想倾向,而主要是通过对事件过程的生动叙述,人物言行举止的展开描写,来体现其道德评价。
《左传》还创立了一种新形式,即在叙事中或叙事结束后直接引入议论,以“君子日”、“君子是以知”、“孔子日”等来对事件或人物作出道德伦理评价。
[专升本类试卷]2016年专升本(大学语文)真题试卷.doc
(D)比喻、排比
15下列文学常识表述错误的是( )
(A)被后人称作“三苏”的作家是苏洵、苏轼、苏辙
(B)“济南二安”指的是李清照和辛弃疾
(C)苍凉悲壮是曹操诗歌的主要艺术风格
(D)曹雪芹是我国明代伟大的浪漫主义作家
16下列句子中,“之”字可译作“到”“去”的是( )
(A)以子<u>之</u>道,移之官理,可乎
(A)《郑伯克段于鄢》《庄子.秋水》《陈情表》
(B)《庄子.秋水》《陈情表》《郑伯克段于鄢》
(C)《郑伯克段于鄢》《陈情表》《庄子.秋水》
(D)《陈情表》《庄子.秋水》《郑伯克段于鄢》
9郭沫若《炉中煤》写于( )
(A)五四时期
(B)抗日战争爆发初期
(C)抗日战争胜利之时
(D)新中国建立之时
10 “乐府”最初的含义是( )
24郭橐驼种树的基本原理是什么?它能给人以什么哲理启发?
25这段文字描写了哪两种“他植者”?他们各违反了郭橐驼种树经验的哪一方面?
26作者以种树为喻,意在揭露怎样的社会时弊?
26于是入朝见威王,曰:“臣诚知不如徐公美。臣之妻私臣,臣之妾畏臣,臣之客欲有求于臣,皆以美于徐公。今齐地方千里,百二十城,宫妇左右莫不私王,朝廷之臣莫不畏王,四境之内莫不有求于王:由此观之,王之蔽甚矣。”
20下列句子中,画线部分翻译错误的是( )
(A)<u>生孩六月,慈父见背</u>;行年四岁,舅夺母志。
生孩六月,慈父见背:生下来才六个月,慈父就去世了
(B)今乃<u>弃黔首以资敌国</u>,却宾客以业诸侯。
弃黔首以资敌国:舍弃了黔的首领去资助敌对的国家
【山东卷】2016年普通高校招生全国统一考试语文试卷逐题解析
绝密★启用前本试卷分第I卷和第II卷两部分,共8页。
满分150分。
考试用时150分钟。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。
2.第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
答案写在试卷上无效。
3.第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置,不能写在试卷上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第I卷(共36分)一、(每小题3分,共15分)阅读下面一段文字,完成1~3题。
隆冬之际,西伯利亚的寒流(笼罩/席卷)欧亚大陆,狂风肆虐..,而那些春天的元素——温暖、..,草木凋凌雨水、绿叶、鲜花,都集结..在位于热带的海南岛。
海南岛就像是一艘花船,(系/停)在雷州半岛上,满载寒冬大陆的梦幻和想象。
每年,从广州向漠河,春天昼夜兼程....,都要进行一次生命版图..的(扩展/扩充)。
他像赤足奔跑的孩子,一路上用稚嫩..的声音轻轻呼唤,于是万物苏醒,盛装应和,可谓“东风好作阳和使,。
”迢迢旅途中,气候的巨大差异,导致众多物种只能有限地参与这一盛会。
木棉花花朵硕大,是南国花中豪杰,“一声铜鼓催开,千树珊瑚齐列,”但她终究无法走出岭南。
当春天行经长江、黄河流域时,出场的是桃花、杏花等新主角,“桃花嫣然....,随后登..出篱笑,”,然而她们却无法追随春天深入雪国,陆续抱憾退出场的便是白杨、连翘等北国耐寒植物。
1.文中加点的词语,有错别字的一项是A.肆虐凋凌B.集结昼夜兼程C.版图稚嫩D.嫣然抱憾退出2.依次选用文中括号里的词语,最恰当的一项是A.席卷系扩展B.笼罩停扩展C.席卷停扩充D.笼罩系扩充3.在文中两处横线上依次填入诗句,衔接最恰当的一项是A.逢草逢花报发生只恨春归我未归B.万柄莲香一枕山只恨春归我未归C.逢草逢花报发生似开未开最有情D.万柄莲香一枕山似开未开最有情【答案】1.A2.A3.C【解析】1.试题分析:A项“凋凌”应为“凋零”,泛指花的凋谢,零落。
2016年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试语文(山东卷参考版)
绝密★启用前2016年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试语文(山东卷参考版)试卷副标题考试范围:xxx ;考试时间:112分钟;命题人:xxx学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________注意事项.1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷(选择题)试卷第2页,共10页第II 卷(非选择题)一、作文(题型注释)1、阅读下面的材料,根据自己的感悟和联想,写一篇不少于800字的文章。
行囊已经备好,开始一段新的旅程。
路途漫漫,翻检行囊会发现,有的东西很快用到了,有的暂时用不上,有的想用而未曾准备,有的会一直伴随我们走向远方……要求:①选准角度,自定立意;②自拟题目;③除诗歌外,文体不限;④文体特征鲜明。
二、现代文阅读(题型注释)阅读下面的文字,完成下列小题。
天气清凉,蓝天白云的,一眼望去很惬意。
你眼中的世界实际是你心理的投射,吴秋明如果在旁边肯定会这样说的。
马骁驭不禁微微一笑。
到达小区,门口的保安照例拦住了马骁驭的车,他报了门牌号码和户主姓名,栏杆抬了起来。
①他忽然感觉自己心里的那根栏杆,也是这样抬起来的,只是从栏杆下通过的,应该是吴秋明。
马骁驭从后视镜里看了眼自己,感觉自己依然算得上英俊,就算减去百分之三十的夸大,也还不错。
吴秋明快速走来,难得地穿了件蓝色小碎花的薄棉衣,看上去是旧的。
马骁驭心里打了个闪,想起了母亲。
也许是注意到了马骁驭的眼光,吴秋明上车后主动解释说,这件衣服会让孩子们感到亲切。
马骁驭说,你真有心。
吴秋明说,你知道那个著名的“绒布妈妈”实验吧? 马骁驭说,不知道。
吴秋明说,是上个世纪一个叫哈利·哈洛的心理学家做的实验,他把刚刚出生的小猴子和妈妈分开,关在笼子里用奶瓶喂养。
他发现这样喂养的小猴子虽然更强壮一些,但却总是吮手指头,发呆,神情漠然。
他分析是缺少母爱的缘故,于是给小猴子做了两个假妈妈,一个是有奶的“铁皮妈妈”,一个是没有奶的“绒布妈妈”。
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山东卷)语文试题及答案详解
绝密★启用前2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山东卷)语文试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分,共8页。
满分150分。
考试用时150分钟。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。
2.第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
答案写在试卷上无效。
3.第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置,不能写在试卷上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第Ⅰ卷(共36分)一、(每小题3分,共15分)黟县的西递和宏村,拥有蛮声海内外的徽派建筑群。
两寸背依青山,清流抱村穿户。
数百幢明清四期的民居静静伫立。
高大奇伟的马头墙有骄傲的表情、跌宕飞扬的韵质、①灰白的屋壁被时间画出斑驳的线条。
礼拜的“黟县小桃园,烟霞百里间。
地多灵草木,人尚古衣冠”,到处了这里山水风物的(优美/幽美)、民风人情的醇厚从容。
要真正(领略/领悟)徽派建筑之美,这是在西递村。
②在都市的暄哗....的民间..之外,西递向我们呈现了一种宁静质朴生活。
从远处眺望去,西递是一片线条简洁的(繁杂/繁复)精致和高大的白墙,黑白相间错落有致。
迈入老屋你会发现,这些老屋内部的(繁杂/繁复)精致与外部的简洁纯粹形式鲜明的对照,徽派建筑中著名的三雕——③木雕、砖雕、石雕在这里体现得淋漓尽至....。
1.文中加点的字的注音和加点词语的文字,都正确的一项是A.蜚(fēi)暄哗B.幢(zhuàng)宁静质朴C.伫(chù)纯粹D.淳(chún)淋漓尽至2.依次选用文中括号里的词语,最恰当的一项是A.优美领略繁杂B.幽美领略繁复C.幽美领悟繁复D.优美领悟繁复3.文中画线处的标点,使用错误的一项是A.①B.②C.③D.④4.下列各句中,加点的成语使用正确的一项是A.旅游业已成为当地经济发展的支柱产业,这里巧夺天工....的自然美景闻名天下,每年都吸引大量游客前来观赏。
山东省2016年专升本大学语文真题详解
山东省2016年专升本大学语文真题详解二、阅读理解题(本大题共2小题,每小题10分,共20分)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容,从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项,并将其代码填涂在答题卡上。
1)在现代社会,人们越来越注重健康,越来越多的人开始关注健康饮食。
但是,很多人却不知道如何选择健康的食物。
以下是一些关于健康饮食的小贴士:A.选择全谷类食品,如全麦面包、糙米等,而不是白面包、白米饭等精制食品。
B.多吃蔬菜和水果,它们富含营养素和纤维素,有助于保持健康。
C.减少摄入饱和脂肪和反式脂肪,如肥肉、油炸食品等,这些食品会增加患心脏病和中风的风险。
D.选择低盐食品,减少盐的摄入量,有助于降低高血压的风险。
1.以下哪项是健康饮食的小贴士?A.多吃油炸食品B.选择白米饭C.减少摄入饱和脂肪和反式脂肪D.选择高盐食品2.以下哪种食品不属于全谷类食品?A.全麦面包B.糙米C.白面包D.玉米粥2)在现代社会,人们越来越注重健康,越来越多的人开始关注健康饮食。
但是,很多人却不知道如何选择健康的食物。
以下是一些关于健康饮食的小贴士:A.选择全谷类食品,如全麦面包、糙米等,而不是白面包、白米饭等精制食品。
B.多吃蔬菜和水果,它们富含营养素和纤维素,有助于保持健康。
C.减少摄入饱和脂肪和反式脂肪,如肥肉、油炸食品等,这些食品会增加患心脏病和中风的风险。
D.选择低盐食品,减少盐的摄入量,有助于降低高血压的风险。
3.以下哪种食品不属于健康饮食的小贴士?A.多吃蔬菜和水果B.减少摄入饱和脂肪和反式脂肪C.选择高盐食品D.选择全谷类食品38.请简述《诗经》的收录内容和时代背景。
(2分)39.请列举一首北朝民歌的代表作,并简要介绍其内容。
(2分)40.请说出我国第一个获得诺贝尔文学奖的作家是谁。
(1分)41.请简述《天狗》节选自XXX的长诗的主题。
(2分)42.请简要介绍首开意识流小说先河的作家及其代表作。
(2分)43.请简述《哈姆雷特》的作者及其作品特点。
山东省历年(2006-2018)专升本《大学语文》现代文阅读试题汇编(答案版)
山东省历年(2006-2018)专升本考试《大学语文》现代文阅读真题汇编一、(2007)鲁迅在《灯下漫笔》中写道:假如有一种暴力,“将人不当人”,不但不当人,还不及牛马,不算什么东西;待到人们羡慕牛马,发生“乱离人,不及太平犬”的叹息时,然后给予他略等于牛马的价格,有如元朝定律,打死别人的奴隶,赔一头牛,则人们便要心悦诚服,恭颂太平的盛世,为什么呢?因为他虽不算人,究竟已等于牛马了。
请回答:(1)这段话揭示了中国人当时怎样的心态?(1分)(2)从这段话中可看出造成这种心态的社会原因是什么?(2分)(3)根据这段话的精神,可以把中国历史概括为怎样的两个时代?(2分)答案:(1)容易满足的奴化心态。
(2)专制暴力。
(3)一是人民想做奴隶而不得的时代,一是人民暂时坐稳了奴隶的时代。
解析:阅读题考察的主要是对语篇的分析理解能力,在试题中属于较难的层次。
解答阅读题需要考生首先读懂语篇内容,对内容、层次、思想、艺术手法方面有一个大致的认识,然后针对问题细读相关部分,分析思考,然后作答。
这段话中,鲁迅先生主要揭露国民的奴化心态,作者从“乱离人,不及太平犬”的现实开始假设,然后揭示人们对将人当作牛马的感恩、满足的心理,从而展示了国人的容易满足奴化心态。
语篇不仅揭示了国人的容易满足的奴化心态,而且以元代为例,展示了这种奴化心态的形成原因。
元代是一个异族统治中原的时代,蒙古族对华夏各族存在着严重的种族歧视,对蒙古族以外的异族采取了暴虐的统治镇压政策,在专制暴力的高压之下,人们的奴化心理逐渐形成。
第三小题要求根据这段叙述将中国历史分为两个时代,从语段中可以看出,一个是“乱世”,人不及犬;一个是元代这样的“太平盛世”,人等同于“牛马”,稍作引申,便可以明白,作者是分成了想做奴隶而不得的时代和做稳了奴隶的时代。
事实上,如果学习过鲁迅的《灯下漫笔》,这几个问题就变得相当容易,因为在原文的论述中,作者有相当清楚的表达。
如下面一段:“任凭你爱排场的学者们怎样铺张,修史时候设些什么‘汉族发祥时代’‘汉族发达时代’‘汉族中兴时代’的好题目,好意诚然是可感的,但措辞太绕弯子了。
山东省专升本《大学语文》专题复习——文学常识(课内)
2.(2009)《战国策》是一部优秀的散文总集,它是()
A.记言体B.编年体
C.国别体D.纪事本末体
3.(2012)从编纂体例来说,《战国策》是一部史书。
4.(2016)以下哪个成语不是出自《战国策》
A.画蛇添足 B.惊弓之鸟
C.狡兔三窟 D.守株待兔
战国时期(约前372-前289年)
孟子及其弟子
孟子是战国时期儒家代表人物之一。著有《孟子》一书,属对话体散文集。《孟子》一书是孟子的言论汇编,由孟子及其弟子共同编写而成,是记录孟子的语言、政治观点(仁政、王霸之辨、民本、格君心之非)和政治行动的儒家经典著作。孟子成为仅次于孔子的一代儒家宗师,有“亚圣”之称,与孔子并称为“孔孟”。其学说出发点为“性善论”,提出“仁政”、“王道”,主张德治。南宋时朱熹将《孟子》与《论语》《大学》《中庸》合在一起称“四书”。孟子的文章说理畅达,气势充沛并长于论辩。孟子在人性问题上提出“性善论”(注意是人性向善,不是人性本善。)
A.《左传》B.《国语》
C.《战国策》D.《史记》
5.(2015)《左传》是记录春秋历史的史书,其体例是()。
A.国别体 B.纪传体C.编年体D.其他
6.(2016)是中国第一部叙事历史著作,在历史、文学和语言方面,都有很高的成就。
7.(2016)《春秋》三传是指:《左传》、、。
战国时期
墨子及其弟子
5.(2019)《战国策》是一部史书。
A.编年体 B.国别体
C.列传体 D.纪传体
西汉(约前145-前87年)
司马迁
《史记》是西汉著名史学家司马迁撰写的一部纪传体史书,是中国历史上第一部纪传体通史。该书记载了上自上古传说中的黄帝时代,下至汉武帝太初四年间共三千多年的历史,与后来的《汉书》《后汉书》《三国志》合称“前四史”。《史记》全书包括十二本纪(记历代帝王政绩)、三十世家(记诸侯国和汉代诸侯、勋贵兴亡)、七十列传(记重要人物的言行事迹,主要叙人臣,其中最后一篇为自序)、十表(大事年表)、八书(记各种典章制度及礼、乐、音律、历法、天文、封禅、水利、财用),共130篇。其首创的纪传体编史方法为后来历代“正史”所传承。同时,《史记》被鲁迅誉为“史家之绝唱,无韵之离骚”,与司马光的《资治通鉴》并称“史学双璧”。
专升本大学语文考试真题及答案解析2016年成人高考
2016年成人高考专升本大学语文考试真题及答案解析一、选择题:1~20小题,每小题2分,共40分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的,把所选项前的字母填在题后的括号内。
1.诗句“长风破浪会有时,直挂云帆济沧海”出自( )A.李商隐《无题》(相见时难别亦难)B.李白《行路难》(其一)C.陆游《关山月》(和戎诏下十五年)D.杜甫《蜀相》答案:B2.下列关于一多的表述,错误的一项是( )A.闻一多是新月社成员B.《死水》是闻一多的代表作C.闻一多诗歌的艺术风格是飘逸清丽D.《发现》一诗抒发了闻一多的爱国主义激情答案:C3.《陈情表》《张中丞传后叙》《报刘一丈书》的作者依次是( )A.李密、宗臣、韩愈B.宗臣、李密、韩愈C.韩愈、李密、宗臣D.李密、韩愈、宗臣答案:D4.提出“创造这中国历史上未曾有过的三样时代,则是现在的青年的使命!”的是( )A.梁启超B.胡适C.鲁迅D.陈独秀答案:C5.“赋”作为一种文体,成熟于( )A.战国时代B.汉代C.唐代D.宋代答案:B6.有“曲状元”之称的是( )A.王实甫B.马致远C.自朴D.关汉卿答案:B7.我国一部纪传体通史是( )A.《论语》B.《战国策》C.《史记》D.《汉书》答案:C8.“多行不义必自毙”“望洋兴叹”“形影相吊”三个成语依次出自( )A.《郑伯克段于鄢》《庄子·秋水》《陈情表》B.《庄子·秋水》《陈情表》《郑伯克段于鄢》C.《郑伯克段于鄢》《陈情表》《庄子·秋水》D.《陈情表》《庄子·秋水》《郑伯克段于鄢》答案:A9.郭沫若《炉中煤》写于( )A.五四时期B.抗日战争爆发初期C.抗日战争胜利之时D.新中国建立之时答案:A10.“乐府”最初的含义是( )A.先秦民歌B.最早的格律诗C.西汉王朝设立的掌管音乐的机构D.宫廷里的歌舞厅答案:C11.《五代史伶官传序》一文的主旨是( )A.满招损,谦受益B.祸患积于忽微C.智勇多困于所溺D.盛衰在于人事答案:D12.先秦诸子散文中,最富有浪漫色彩的是( )A.《论语》B.《孟子》C.《庄子》D.《墨子》答案:C13.下列关于作家、作品的搭配,完全正确的是( )A.鲁迅——《坟》、《灯下漫笔》B.朱自清——《背影》、《香市》C.茅盾——《故都的秋》、《子夜》D.钱钟书——《围城》、《论毅力》答案:A14.《西厢记·长亭送别》中,“泪添九曲黄河溢,恨压三峰华岳低”两句采用的修辞手法是( )A.比喻、夸张B.比喻、通感C.通感、夸张D.比喻、排比答案:A15.下列文学常识表述错误的是( )A.被后人称作“三苏”的作家是苏洵、苏轼、苏辙B.“济南二安”指的是李清照和辛弃疾C.苍凉悲壮是曹操诗歌的主要艺术风格D.曹雪芹是我国明代伟大的浪漫主义作家答案:D16.下列句子中,“之”字可译作“到”“去”的是( )A.以子之道,移之官理,可乎B.驱而之薛,使吏召诸民当偿者,悉来合券C.故远人不服,则修文德以来之D.不如早为之所,无使滋蔓答案:B17.下列各组句中加点的字,意思相同的一组是( ) 答案:D18.下列句子中,不是词类活用的是( )A.都城过百雉,国之害也。
山东省专升本《大学语文》文体知识图示及真题例证
元曲分“散曲”“杂剧”两大部分。 散曲由宋词俗化而来,可配乐歌唱
散曲分小令与套曲(套数)。套曲由若干曲子组成;小令以一 支曲子为独立单位。
每首散曲都有曲牌(“山坡羊”“天净沙”),且属于一定的宫调
曲 (中吕·山坡羊·怀古、越调·天净沙·秋思、双调·沉醉东风·渔夫)。
各自曲牌在字数 、句数、平仄 和用韵等方面都有自己的规定。
[耍孩儿]瞎王留引定火乔男妇,胡踢蹬吹笛擂鼓。见一彪人马到庄门, 匹头里几面旗舒。一面旗白 胡阑套住个迎霜兔,一面旗红 曲连打着个毕月 乌。一面旗鸡学舞,一面旗狗生双翅,一面旗蛇缠葫芦。
[五煞]红漆了叉,银铮了斧,甜瓜苦瓜黄金镀,明晃晃马镫枪尖上挑, 白雪雪鹅毛扇上铺。这些个乔人物,拿着些不曾见的器仗,穿着些大作怪 的衣服。
(2018真题)《聊斋志异》是一部(B) A 散文集 B.短篇小说集 C.戏曲故事集 D.民间故事集 (2010真题)一生创作三百多篇短篇小说的法国作家 莫泊桑被誉为“短篇小说之王”。
《秋夜》是现代文学家鲁迅于1924年创作的一首叙事兼抒 情的散文诗。作者采用象征手法,赋予秋夜后园中不同景物 以人的性格,代表不同类型的社会人物,“奇怪而高”的天 空象征着压迫和摧残进步力量的势力,在冷的夜气中瑟缩做 着“春的到来”的梦的小红花象征着善良的弱者,耸立在后 园的两株枣树,象征着与黑恶势力抗争的进步力量。通过对 这些景物的含蓄描绘,表达了鲁迅对恶势力的抗争和愤怒, 对英勇抗击恶势力的革命者的崇敬和赞美,也表达了自己与 恶势力作韧性战斗的意志。此文语言精致,意象空灵,结构 严谨,为象征散文诗民族化的创造,提供了一种全新的风范。
主义流派
(2016真题)在我国首 开意识流小说先河的作 家是 王蒙 。
小说
(完整word版)2016专转本语文真题
启用前※绝密2016年江苏省“专转本”选拔统一考试大学语文试卷一、语文知识(本大題共15小題,均为单项选择题,每小題1分,共15分) 1.下列加点的字词释义正确的一组是()A. 浅尝辄止(立即)日薄西山(迫近)贵无旁贷(替代)B 住末倒置(树根)并行不昼(反对)众盥所归(趋向)C. 安之若塞(平常)文过尬非(掩饰)崖水相逢(浮萍)D. 功败垂成(落卜)花团锦簇(聚集)后来居上(处在)2•在下面一段文字横线处依次填入的词语,最恰当的一项是()—人力创新文化, ______ 创新沃土, _____ 敢为人先、宽容失败的良好氛用,调动全社会A. 弘扬培植B. 弘扬厚植C. 发扬培植D. 发扬厚植3•下宋词名句与作者顺序相匹配的一项是O(1)对潇潇暮雨洒江天,一番洗清秋。
(2)碧云天,黄叶地,秋色连波,波上寒烟翠。
(3)春去也,飞红万点愁如海。
(4) 细看来,不是杨花,点点是离人泪。
A.晏殊 周邦彦 欧阳修 李清照 B.柳水 范仲淹 秦观苏轼 C.柳永 范仲淹 欧阳修 李清照 D.晏殊 周邦彦秦观 苏轼4. 下列关于元代杂剧的说明,不正确的一项是()A. 王实甫《西厢记》提出了“愿普天下冇情的都成了眷属"。
B. 白朴《梧桐雨》描写了杨玉环和李险基凄美的爱情故韦。
C. 马致远《汉宫秋》対汉尤帝这一形象寄予了深深的同情。
D. 关汉卿《救风尘》中周舍搭救了落难的风尘女子赵盼儿。
5. 《红楼梦》中主持大观园管理“改革''的人物有()A.李纨 迎春王熙凤 B.王熙凤 探春 宝钗创业创新成推动发营建汇聚营造汇聚C.李纨探春宝钗D.王熙风迎春宝级6.下列关于清代文学的说明,正确的一项是OA.散文流派“桐城派"中的代表作家冇归有光、方苞、姚舸等。
B.孔尚任《桃花扇》描写了侯方域与柳如是的爱情故弔。
C.黄遵宪是“诗界革命•的代表人物,诗作收入《饮冰室诗集》D.曾朴《孽海花》采取了联缀多数短篇成长篇的结构方式。
山东专升本(语文)历年真题试卷汇编4
山东专升本(语文)历年真题试卷汇编4(总分:76.00,做题时间:90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数:10,分数:20.00)1.诗句“桃之天天,灼灼其华”出自于 ( )(分数:2.00)A.《诗经.桃天》√B.《诗经.子衿》C.《诗经.关雎》D.《诗经.蒹葭》解析:解析:识记类试题,属经典文学作品名句考察。
《桃天》是《诗经.周南》中的一首,也不在考试大纲规定的三十五篇之中。
《桃夭》一诗是《诗经》当中脍炙人口的篇章,—_直为后人传唱不衰。
“桃之天天,灼灼其华”两句是《桃天》中的名句,以鲜艳的桃花比喻新娘的年青娇媚,诗中所描绘的鲜嫩的桃花,纷纷绽蕊,而经过打扮的新嫁娘此刻既兴奋又羞涩,两颊飞红,真有人面桃花,两相辉映的韵味,意境明艳优美,历来为人称道。
《桃天》全篇如下:“桃之天天,灼灼其华。
之子于归,宜其室家。
桃之夭夭,有黄其实。
之子于归,宜其家室。
桃之天天,其叶蓁蓁。
之子于归,宜其家人。
”2.“岁寒,然后知松柏之后凋也。
”出自下面哪部作品 ( )(分数:2.00)A.《春秋》B.《左传》C.《战国策》D.《论语》√解析:解析:识记类试题,属经典文学作品名句考察。
这道题和填空题中的第二题重复,属于命题的疏漏。
具体解说请参填空第二小题解析。
3.我国文学史上第一部最富文采、标志着我国古代叙事散文的成熟著作是 ( )(分数:2.00)A.《左传》√B.《国语》C.《战国策》D.《史记》解析:解析:识记、理解类试题,属作家作品类文学常识考察。
《左传》是“《春秋》三传”之一,它以《春秋》的记事为纲,增加了大量的历史事实和传说,叙述了丰富多彩的历史事件,描写了形形色色的历史人物。
把《春秋》中的简短记事,发展成为完整的叙事散文。
《左传》发展了《春秋》笔法,不再以事件的简略排比或个别字的褒贬来体现作者的思想倾向,而主要是通过对事件过程的生动叙述,人物言行举止的展开描写,来体现其道德评价。
《左传》还创立了一种新形式,即在叙事中或叙事结束后直接引入议论,以“君子日”、“君子是以知”、“孔子日”等来对事件或人物作出道德伦理评价。
2016语文(山东卷) Word版含解析教材
绝密★启用前本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分,共8页。
满分150分。
考试用时150分钟。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。
2.第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
答案写在试卷上无效。
3.第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置,不能写在试卷上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第Ⅰ卷(共36分)一、(每小题3分,共15分)黟县的西递和宏村,拥有蛮声海内外的徽派建筑群。
两寸背依青山,清流抱村穿户。
数百幢明清四期的民居静静伫立。
高大奇伟的马头墙有骄傲的表情、跌宕飞扬的韵质、①灰白的屋壁被时间画出斑驳的线条。
礼拜的“黟县小桃园,烟霞百里间。
地多灵草木,人尚古衣冠”,到处了这里山水风物的(优美/幽美)、民风人情的醇厚从容。
要真正(领略/领悟)徽派建筑之美,这是在西递村。
②在都市的暄哗..之外,西递向我们呈现了一种宁静质朴....的民间生活。
从远处眺望去,西递是一片线条简洁的(繁杂/繁复)精致和高大的白墙,黑白相间 错落有致。
迈入老屋你会发现,这些老屋内部的(繁杂/繁复)精致与外部的简洁纯粹形式鲜明的对照,徽派建筑中著名的三雕——③木雕、砖雕、石雕在这里体现得淋漓尽至....。
1.文中加点的字的注音和加点词语的文字,都正确的一项是A .蜚(fēi ) 暄哗B .幢(zhu àng ) 宁静质朴C .伫(ch ù) 纯粹D .淳(ch ún ) 淋漓尽至【答案】B【解析】试题分析:A 喧哗,C 伫(zhù),D 淋漓尽致。
考点:识记现代汉语普通话常用字的字音,识记并正确书写现代常用规范汉字。
山东专升本(语文)历年真题试卷汇编1(题后含答案及解析)
山东专升本(语文)历年真题试卷汇编1(题后含答案及解析)题型有:1. 单项选择题 3. 古文翻译题 5. 填空题8. 简答题9. 词语解释10. 理解分析单项选择题1.唐代大诗人自居易的号是( )A.香山居士B.柳泉居士C.六一居士D.东坡居士正确答案:A解析:识记类试题。
古代作家多以字、号行世,所以字、号是古代作家作品中应该识记的文学常识之一。
本题中,蒲松龄(1640—1715)字留仙,清代小说家,别号柳泉居士;白居易,字乐天,唐代诗人,号香山居士;欧阳修,字永叔,宋代散文家,号醉翁,晚号六一居士;李清照,自号易安居士。
另外,还有一些特别熟悉的文人字号需要大家熟记,如陶渊明号五柳先生,杜甫字子美,号少陵野老;李白字太白,号青莲居士;陆游字务观,号放翁;辛弃疾字幼安,号稼轩;苏轼字子瞻,号东坡居士;李商隐字义山,号玉溪生;王安石字介甫,号半山;等等。
2.“昔我往矣,杨柳依依。
今我来思,雨雪霏霏。
”采用了( )A.对比手法B.比喻手法C.拟人手法D.象征手法正确答案:A解析:理解类试题。
“昔我往矣,杨柳依依。
今我来思,雨雪霏霏”四句,以乐景衬哀情,情景反衬,在情景的对比中表情达意。
另外,细心的考生会发现,本题实际上正好给第4题提供了答案,这属于命题上的疏误。
3.《谏逐客书》是李斯给秦始皇的奏章,属于( )A.应用文B.议论文C.说明文D.记叙文正确答案:B解析:理解类试题。
从文章所使用的主要表达方式方面,我们可以分出记叙文、议论文、说明文等几种。
记叙文是以叙述为主要表达方式的文章,一般可分为写人记事和写景状物两类。
记叙文的要素是:时间、地点、人物、事件。
记叙文记叙的顺序有:顺序、倒叙、插叙、补叙等。
记叙文的表达方式有:叙述、描写、说明、议论、抒情等。
记叙文的种类有:新闻、通讯、传记、回忆录、报告文学、小说、散文等。
说明文是抓住事物的特征,说明事物的形状、性质、特点、成因、关系、功能等内容的文章。
常见的有一般性说明文和文艺性说明文(科学小品文)。
山东省专升本《大学语文》诗歌阅读(1)——如何读懂一首诗
关键词: 1.规定课文内 2.古代现代诗歌各2篇 3.人物形象、内容 4.分值:14分
23.艾青所赞美的“光”既是自然界的光,也具有人文社会内涵,
后者主要指什么?
24.《长恨歌》写唐玄宗与杨贵妃(玉环)的爱情悲剧,长诗的
前半部分和后半部分的主要内容各是什么?
28.简述戴望舒诗歌《雨巷》的艺术特色。
2008年 未考
2009年 五、阅读分析题(32分) (一)阅读下面这首诗,然后回答问题。(10分)
关键词: 1.规定课文内 2.古代诗歌 3.内容、艺术
《醉花阴》 李清照
4.分值:10分
薄雾浓云愁永昼,瑞脑消金兽。佳节又重阳,玉枕纱厨,半夜凉
初透。东篱把酒黄昏后,有暗香盈袖。莫道不消魂,帘卷西风,人比
求张指点。通过优美的诗韵,巧妙地表达了一名应试举子,在面临关系
到自己仕途的一场考试前,那种特有的不安和期待心情。
例3:
题李凝幽居 贾岛
闲居少邻并,草径入荒园。鸟宿池边树,僧敲月下门。 过桥分野色,移石动云根[1]。暂去还来此,幽期不负言。
[1]归途中走过小桥,田野色彩斑斓。白云飘飞,山石如在移动
【解读】题目中交代了人物、事件。诗人以草径、荒园、 宿鸟、池树、野色、云根等寻常景物,以及闲居、敲门、过桥、 暂去等寻常行事,道出了人所未道之境界,表达了作者对隐逸 生活的向往之情。
2011年
关键词: 1.规定课文内
(三)阅读下面这首诗,然后回答问题。
2.现代诗歌
雨巷 戴望舒
3.常识、内容、艺术 4.分值:15分
撑着油纸伞,独自/彷徨在悠长、悠长/……/我希望飘过/
一个丁香一样地/结着愁怨的姑娘。(全诗)
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山东卷)语文试题
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山东卷)语文押题卷(二)本试卷分第I卷和第II卷,共8页。
满分150分。
考试用时150分钟。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。
注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的学校、班级和姓名填写在答题纸和试卷规定的位置上。
2.第I卷每小题选出答案后.用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动。
用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
答案写在试卷上无效。
3.第II卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题纸各题目指定区域内相应的位置,不能写在试卷上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案.然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第I卷(共36分)一、(15分,每小题3分)阅读下面的文字,完成1-3题。
中国传统丈化中,“民贵君轻”的民本思想,“天下兴亡,匹夫有责”的爱国精神,“①”的诚信态度,“鞠躬尽粹....”的包容思....、死而后已”的责任意识,“和而不同想等等,都凝结着中华民族的共同价值(追求/诉求)。
渊远流长....的中华优秀传统....、博大精深丈化,积淀..着中华民族最深层的精神追求。
在人类历史的长河中,中华民族的祖先用劳动和智慈创造了光辉绚烂..的文化。
可是新的时代条件下,从生活方式②娱乐形式到精神丈化,③。
在这样一个背景下,我们要明白,(只要/如果)失去自己传统的文化根基,我们还在什么意义上有着中国人特有的精神标识④所以,只有不断从中华优秀传统丈化中汲取..养分,才能不断丰富完善我们传统文化的内涵,更好地(推动/推进)我们新文化建设进程。
1.文中加点的词语,读音和书写全都正确的一项是()2.依次选用文中括号里的词语,最恰当的一项是()A.追求只要推进B.诉求只要推动C.追求如果推动D.诉求如果推进3.文中带标号的横线上语句以及标点符号使用正确的一组是()A.①礼之用,和为贵②,③全球化浪潮都影响了我们④?B.①言必行,行必果②、③我们都受到全球化浪潮的影响④。
2016年山东大学网络教育专升本招生考试语文答案
(1)Part Phonetics (10 points)Directions: In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letter combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.1 A.kitchen B.sandwich C.China D.peach2 A.pig B.together C.garden D.swing3 A.music B.telescope C.newspaper D.maths4 A.house B.blouse ugh D.mouth5 A.wash B.sure C.shape D.squarePart II Vocabulary and Structure (40 points) Directions: In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. For each sentence, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.6Have you ever considered____B____ abroad?A. traveledB. travellingC. to travelD. travel 7Mark, Mr. White ____C____. Would you please drive him to the airport? A. has left B. leaves C. isleaving D. is left8I jumped out of my bed____C____I heard the firealarmA usuallyB carefullyC immediatelyD regularly9--What kind of mobile phone would you like?--Oh, I'd like one with a camera and I don'twant to_____c___by cash.A giveB useC payD buy10--Shall Mary come and play computer games?--No, ____C____ she has finished her homework.A whenB ifC unlessD once11He was about ____A____to bed________ he hearda noise.A. to go; whenB. going; becauseC. to go; asD. going; until12I ___C_____to give you a birthday present, butI was short of money then.A. intendedB. have intendedC. hadintended D. was intending13There are many people dancing____B____ music inBeihai Park every evening.A. inB. toC. byD. from14Look! Your shoes are so dirty. You___A_____themyesterday.A. washedB. had washedC. should washD. should have washed15--Hello, Karen, come in .____B____.-- Thank you.A. All rightB. Makeyourself at homeC. That's my homeD. It's a greathonour16His watch, for ___A____ he paid $100, is now worth$500. A. which B. that C. it D. what17Londoners always take umbrellas with them whenthey go out, just ___A___ it rains.A. in caseB. in case ofC. so thatD. so long as18The country life he was used to __B___ greatlysince 1992.A. changeB. has changedC. changingD. have changed19In my view, watching TV too much ____D____ youreyes.A. are bad forB. do bad forC. does harmful toD. is harmful to20Why not ___B__ her _______ as she likes?A. let; doesB. let; doC. to let; to doD. letting; do21 In many small restaurants people are served rice ___A______ while the dishes cost a lot.A. for freeB. of freeC. for freelyD. freely22Does the price include breakfast only, or dinner __C___?A The twoB or elseC as wellD together23 The days ___C___ we spent together on the farm are not easy ______.A. when; to forgetB. which; to be forgottenC. that; to forgetD. ; to be forgotten 24Don't be too hard ____B_____the boy; he didn't mean ________ it.A. at; doingB. on; to doC. on; doingD. for; to do 25--How long B at this job? --Since 1990.A. were you employedB. have you been employedC. had you been employedD. will you be employedPart III Cloze (20 points)Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices given below and marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that is most suitable andthe mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Have you ever had problems in your life and don't know how to be happy? If 26 , you will find ,Being a Happy Teenager by Australian writer Andrew Matthews useful .In his book, Matthews 27 us how to have a happy life and answers the questions of teenagers. There are many 28 such as parents and friends, and the book says we should stop being angry and forgive. The book tells us of useful skills 29 howto put what you have learned into pictures of your mind to make your memory better.Many teenagers think 30 happiness comes from a good exam result or praise () from other people. But you can 31 be happy when there are no such ,good things.Success comes from a(n) good attitude . If you 32 from problems, you will have success in the future.Some school students have problems such as being too tall or too short. But Matthews tells us that 33 comes from thinking about things in a positive() way. If you are 34 , people notice you and you can get a better view() at the movie; if you are short, your clothes and shoes 35 less room in your bedroom! This is Matthews' most important lesson: you choose to be happy!A 26. A. so B. not C. it D. doB 27. A. orders B. tells C. asks D. argues D 28. A. roles B. classes C.courses D. subjectsB 29. A. for example B. such as C. so as D. so thatC 30. A. what B. how C. that D. whether a 31. A. yet B. already C. still D. forever b 32. A. learn B. rescue C. struggle D. separateB 33. A. success B. happiness C. failure D. heightC 34. A. short B. small C. tall D. fat A 35. A. take B. spend C. cover D. costPart IV Reading Comprehension ( 60 points )Directions: There are 3 reading passages in the part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark it on the Answer Sheet.Passage onePeople in the United States honor their parents with two special days: Mother's Day, on the second Sunday in May, and Father's Day, on the third Sunday in June These days are set aside to show love and respect for parents They raise their children and educate them to be responsible citizens They give love and care These two days offer an opportunity to think about the changing roles of mothers and fathers More mothers now work outside the home More fathers must help with child-careThese two special days are celebrated in many different ways On Mother's Day people wear carnations() A red one symbolizes a living mother A white one shows that the mother is dead Many people attend religious services to honor parents It is also a day when people whose parents are dead visit the cemetery On these days families get together at home, as well as in restaurants Theyoften have outdoor barbecues for Father'sDay These are days of fun and good feelings andmemoriesAnother tradition is to give cards andgifts Children make them in school Many people maketheir own presents These are valued more than theones bought in stores It is not the value of thegift that is important, but it is,the thought thatcounts Greeting card stores, florists, candymakers, bakeries, telephone companies, and otherstores do a lot of business during these holidays36Which is NOT a reason for children to show loveand respect for parents? DA Parents bring up childrenB Parents give love and care to childrenC Parents educate children to be good personsD Parents pass away before children grow up37What do you know from the passage? BA Mother's Day and Father's Day are both in MayB Fewer women worked outside the home in the pastC Not all the children respect their parentsD Fathers are not as important as mothers at home38On Mother's Day and Father's Day,____A____A people usually have family partiesB everyone goes to visit the cemeteryC children always go to parents' homeD hand-made cards are the most valuable gifts39What do you think,floristsdo? AA They sell flowersB They make bread or pastryC They offer enough room for having family partiesD They sell special clothes for Mother's Day andFather's Day40In she second paragraph, the underlined word`cemetery' means___a_____A funeralB weddingC graveD holidayPassage twoOne of the interesting things about Cuba is itseducational system. As in many other countries,schools are free. What is unusual is that schoolscombine study with manual work. Each school has aplot of land where the children work for each day.They plant vegetables, which they weed and water,and later they harvest the crops. In this way theydevelop good working habits and learn how importantit is to produce. Usually, children do not likevegetables such as spinach, green beans, or cabbage. But by growing vegetables themselves, Cuban children soon develop a taste for them. During the summer, older children also go to the country to help the farmers with the crops.In this system, the children spend part of their school time studying and the rest working in the open air helping increase the nation's production.66How is Cuba's educational system different from that of other countries? CA Schools are free.B Schools force children to work.C Manual work is emphasized.D Schools produce a lot of crops67How do Cuban children spend their school time? BA Fewer hours for classroom study than for manual work.B Part of the classroom study and the rest for manual work.C Half of the time studying and the other half working on the land.D Most of the time studying and the rest playing in the open air. 68What do children do for their manual work? DA They plant vegetables.B They harvest the crops they grow.C They help the farmers with their crops.D All of the above.69Which of the following is mentioned in thepassage? AA The nation's production is increased.B Children go to the country to help the farmerswith the crops twice a year.C Children enjoy working in the open air.D Children grow less interested in study.70What does the word ,taste mean here? BA A kind of sense.B Liking.C Ability to enjoy beauty.D Small quantity.Passage threeIt doesn't matter when or how much a person sleeps,but everyone needs some rest to stay alive. That'swhat all doctors thought, until they heard about AlHerpin.Al Herpin, it was said, never slept. He was 90years old when doctors came to his home in New Jersey.They expected to find out that he needed sleep ofsome kind. But they were surprised. Though theywatched him every hour of the day, they never sawHerpin sleeping. He did not even own a bed. He neverneeded one.The closest that Herpin came to resting was tosit in a rocking chair() and read some newspapers. The doctors were puzzled by this strangecontinuous sleeplessness. Herpin offered the onlyprobable explanation of his condition. Heremembered some talk about his mother having beeninjured several days before he was born.56. The point of this story is that _____b__.A. We needn't feel surprised to find someone whodoesn't sleepB. one person was found who actually didn't need anysleepC. everyone needs some rest to stay aliveD. not sleeping may help one to live longer57 The doctors came to visit Herpin hoping to___B____.A. find a way to cure him of his sleeplessnessB. find out that his sleeplessness was not reallytrueC. find out why some old people didn't need any sleepD. find a way to free people from needing any sleep58. After watching him closely, the doctors believed that Al Herpin __C_____.A. needed some kind of sleepB. slept while one was watchingC. needed no sleep at allD. nearly slept in a rocking chair59. One suggested explanation of Herpin's sleeplessness was ____d___.A. his old ageB. his not having a bedC. his magnificent physical conditionD. his mother's injury while carrying him60.The writer of the story obviously thinks that Al Herpin's sleeplessness __d_.A. could be curedB. could be explainedC. was healthfulD. was uncommonPart V Writing (20 points )Directions: For this part, you are supposed to write a letter in 100--120 words based on the following situation. Remember to write it clearly.Johnson123(2)Part Phoneti cs (10 points)Directions: In each of the following groups of words,there are four underlined letter combinationsmarked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined partsand identify the one that is different from theothers in pronunciation. Then mark your answer onthe Answer Sheet.1 A.never B.leg C.red D.he D2 A.what B.water C.walk D.talk A3 A.flower B.follow C.how D.brown B4 A.study B.puzzle C.bus D.busy D5 A.behind B.bedroom C.jacket D.eleven BPart II Vocabulary and Structure (40 points)Directions: In this part, there are 20 incompletesentences. For each sentence, there are four choicesmarked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that bestcompletes the sentence and then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.6He's been admitted into a famous university, butit will be 4 years c he graduatesA whenB sinceC beforeD that7This medical team a 20 doctors and 40 nurses.A is consisting ofB consists ofC is consisted ofD consist of8We thought there were 35 students in the dininghall , A , in fact, there were 40.A whileB whetherC whatD which9 D I prefer a color TV, I have to buy a blackand white one this time.A .As B. Since C. Because D .Although10Christopher Reeve said he was far C busywith living to think of upA so, givingB very, givingC too, givingD too,given11---Have you A food?---Yes, our food .So we must buy some immediately.A. run out of; has run outB. run out; has runout of C. run out; has run out D. run out of; hasbeen run out12Word came B he had expected for a long time . A. that B. what C. when D. where13At the meeting yesterday, the director A up with a suggestion that the new play should be put on during the Spring Festival.A cameB putC caughtD kept14The novel is D reading, so he advised me it.A. worthy; to buyB. very worth; buyingC. worthy; buyingD. well worth; to buy 15Although he hates his stepmother, D he goes to see her for the love of his father. A. here and there B. more or less C. sooner or later D. now and then16Mr Green expressed the hope B he could have another chance to come to visit China again the next year .A.whatB. thatC. whenD.which 17 There was a terribly loud thunder C the sudden flash of lightning.A. followedB. was followedC. followingD. which was followed by18There are few areas left where pandas can live, B ? A. aren't there B. are there C. is there D. isn't there19If you want to download this song, please A the link.A log onB log offC click onD click to 20--My goodness! This job is so tough.-- D . Let's work it out together. A. No wonder B. Give it up C. It is up to you D. Calm down21All these changes will lead to A strong and powerful China, ______ country that can surprise and enrich our planet.A. a; aB. the; aC. the; theD. a; the 22I have taught him C the computer. A. how check B. to check C. how to check D. to how checking 23---This year, the production of Toyota rose from 80,000 to 100,000.---Oh, it has risen A 25%. A by B to C in D with 24Some people D playing football while others enjoy football matches.A. be fond of; watchB. are fond; watchingC. are fond of; watchedD. are fond of; watching25Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of A .A. energyB. sourceC. powerD. materialPart III Cloze (20 points)Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices given below and marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and the mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Most students want to communicate better in English. If this is one of your goals, it is 26 to study a balance of the four major skills. Listening, speaking, reading and writing are the main skills you need to communicate in any 27 . Being very good at only one of these skills will not help you to communicate. It helps to think of these communicative 28 in two groups.First you have input. Next you have output. First you listen to someone ask you a question. Second you speak and give them your 29 . First you read a letter from someone. After that you writeback to them. Input and output don't 30 go ina special order. Sometimes you speak first and then you listen and sometimes you write about what you hear. During communication, the person you are communicating with 31 one of the opposite skills.Some students want to know which skill is the most important. Since all of the skills rely on each other, 32 of them are important. However, to communicate we do use some skills more often than others. For example, about 40 of the time that we 33 communicating we are simply listening. We speak for about 35 of the time. About 16 of communication 34 reading , and about 9 from writing.Each of these main skills have micro skills within them. For example, pronunciation is a type of speaking skill that must be 35 in order to improve communication. Spelling is a skill that makes understanding the written word easier. Grammar and vocabulary are other micro skills. Micro doesn't mean they are unimportant.C 26. A. strange B. regular C. important D. differentA 27. A. language B. subject C. conversation D. CultureB 28. A. chances B. skills C. ideas D. plansA 29. A. answer B. thought C. problem D. surpriseB 30. A. luckily B. necessarily C. happily D.politelyA 31. A. uses B. finds C. likes D. losesB 32. A. both B. all C. neither D. noneA 33. A. spend B. waste C. take D. saveB 34. A. makes up B. comes from C. works on D. goesbyA 35. A. practised B. understood C. taught D.explainedPart IV Reading Comprehension ( 60 points )Directions: There are 3 reading passages in thepart. Each passage is followed by five questions.For each question there are four suggested answersmarked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and markit on the Answer Sheet.Passage oneOn July 16, 1969, the tall and powerful rocketblasted off from Cape Kennedy. TheApollo II separated from the rocket when it was farout in space. The spaceship traveled very fast andin four days the astronauts reached the moon.The Apollo II spaceship had three parts. One of themwas called the lunar module,which was the only partof the spaceship that would land on the moon. Nearthe moon, the lunar module separated form the restof the Apollo II spaceship. TWO of the threeastronauts traveled down to the Apollo II spaceship,moving on in the orbit of the moon. Then came theexciting moment.ON the night of July 20, the lunar modulesuccessfully landed on the moon.36How many days did the astronauts spend travelingfrom the earth to the moon?A A 4 daysB 5 daysC 3 daysD Notmentioned37Theroket can be described as __D_____?A powerfulB lovelyC tallD both C andD38Which of the following landed on the moon? DA The rocket.B The Apollo II spaceship.C The other two parts except the lunar module.D The lunar module.39The landing on the moon was considered____C___?A a failureB a disasterC a successD an accident40. What is the best title of the passage? BA American Astronauts' Mission.B Apollo II's Successful Flight to the moon.C One of the Great Wonders in the word.D Apollo II Spaceship.Passage twoGo to church, then have a big lunch, then go out to play while mum does the housework. That was a typical () British Sunday in the 1960s. But things now could not be more different.Some British sociologists recently studied the typical British Sunday. They found that people get up later and do less housework than they did 40 years ago. They are far more likely to be out shopping or enjoying themselves than cooking Sunday lunch.Sunday mornings were busy 40 years ago. Most women caught up on their weekly housework and cooked a nice lunch. They seldom allowed themselves any ,leisure until afternoon, after the dishes were cleaned. Then there would be another rush to thetable between 5:00 pm and 6:00 pm for tea.But now, Britons can have brunch () at therestaurant. Fewer people bother to cookthemselves.,You only have two free days a week. You don't wantto have to waste one because there is nothing to dobut watch boring TV, said Elizabeth Biggs, 25, aproducer in London.,On Saturday you are recovering from the week,Biggs added. ,Sundays are the last chance for theweekend -- you want to get as much as you can outof the day before you hav e to go back to work.In the past, British women usually did theirshopping during the week, while the husband was atwork. ,Now men seem to do that as much as women,said Jonathan Gershuny, a professor who took partin the study.Men also do more housework now on Sundays. Backin the 1960s, men were far more likely to spendSundays out of the house -- at the pub or playingfootball -- before lunch.41. Many Britons have brunch at the restaurantbecause __C_____.A. They have no time to cook at home.B. They get up too late.C. They won't bother to cook themselves.D. They will go to church.42. Which of the following is NOT true? CA. Britons used to go to church on Sundays.B. Britons usually had a big lunch at home.C. British women did their shopping on Sundays inthe past.D. British men did little housework at home in thepast.43. The underlined word , leisure in Para 3 means______D_____.A. houseworkB. shoppingC. lunchD. free time44. The text mainly tells us ___D_____.A. what Britons did on SundaysB. why Britons go shopping on SundaysC. How Britons spend their holidaysD. the changes of the ways the Britons spend theirSundays45. What can we infer () from the passage? BA. Men do more housework on Sundays.B. Sundays in Britain might be very boring in thepast.C. No people go to church on Sundays now.D. Britons all go out on Sundays.Passage threeA city man from a big city with a new carriage and a beautiful pair of horses was driving along a country road. He did not give much attention to where he was going. Pretty soon he realized that he was lost, but he continued to drive, expecting to find his way or to meet someone who could tell him how to get back to the town.It was a long, lonely road, for many hours he kept on driving. When it was almost dark, he saw a farmer ploughing the land. He stopped and called out,,Hello, farmer, ,Hello, yourself, the farmer replied, still ploughing. ,Where does this road go? , I haven't ever seen i t go anywhere, it always stays right where it is. said the farmer, without stopping his work. ,How far is it to the next town? said the driver, speaking a little louder. , Don't know, never measured it. replied the farmer.By this time the city man was getting angry. , What do you know? You are the biggest fool I have everseen. The farmer stopped ploughing and looked fora longtime at the city man. Then he saidscornfully(), ,Maybe I don't know much, andperhaps I am a fool. But at least I am not.46. The city man was driving along the country roadto ___D_____.A. a townB. a cityC. a fieldD. an unknownplace47. Very soon he found that___B_____.A. he lost a beautiful horseB. he was unable to findhis wayC. he missed the roadD. he had to look for his newcarriage48. It was a long lonely road, and ____A____.A. he did not meet any one for many hoursB. not a man there would tell him how to get backto the townC. it was far from the townD. only one carriage could run on it49. The city man did not stop driving__A______.A. until he saw a farmer in a field.B. when it wasalmost darkC. until he was tiredD. until he and his horses weretired50. Which of the following can replace ,go in thesentence , Where does this road go?BA. walkB. moveC. lead toD. runPart V Writing (20 points )Directions: For this part, you are supposed to writea letter in 100--120 words based on the followingsituation. Remember to write it clearly.JoeDear Joe,I am sorry to hear that you have been ill for daysand hope you have got quite better now.(3)Part Phonetics (10 points)Directions: In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letter combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.1 rge ugh C.sofa D.vase C2 A.push B.fun C.sun D.cut A3 A.clock B.hot C.go D.sock C4 A.back B.fast C.have D.map B5 A.teacher B.seat C.weather D.please CPart II Vocabulary and Structure (40 points) Directions: In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. For each sentence, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.6Scientists are afraid that some day an even bigger earthquake will __A___ the area.A. strikeB. beatC. knockD. push7Is this the reason __D___ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A.why he explainedB.what he explainedC.how he explainedD. he explained8Fat and sugar__A___ a lot to high blood pressureA contributeB celebrateC congratulateD complain9Whatever you do, make sure to __B___ it.A concentrate toB concentrate onC be concentrate toD beconcentrate on10--What fine weather! Would you like to go outfor a walk?--___C____A. Look out.B. What can I do for you?C. That sounds a good idea.D. I don't agree.11In no case___C__ our children do that.A. we letB. we causeC. should we haveD. we should let12When we ___A__ after a long talk we found thechildren sleeping in _____ bedsA. separated separateB. separated separatedC. separate separateD. separate separated13The solider insisted on searching for thesurvivors from the earthquake, ___A__ he hadn`tslept for 30 hours.A. even thoughB. just becauseC. now thatD.as though14In the past decade, the Internet___A__ rapidly.It's believed that it_____ a greater growth in thefuture.A. has grown; will haveB. grew; hasC. grew; willhave D. has grown; has15 __D___ , in front of the class, I get a littlenervous.A. In timeB. On timeC. At one timeD. At times16The government has promised to __A___ the matterand will give the workers a satisfactory answer.A. look intoB. look throughC. put intoD. put away17My new classmate told us about his trip to___A__Great Wall. He said it was _____ exciting experiencefor him.A. the; anB. ; theC. the;D.; a18I had hoped to go into the fire to fetch theexpensive box, but my roommate told me__D___ .A. don't goB. not goC. not to goD.not to19--What kind of mobile phone would you like?--Oh, I'd like one with a camera and I don't。
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山东省2016年专升本大学语文考试真题本试题分为第1卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分,共4页。
满分100分。
考试用时120分钟。
考试结束后,将本试题和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项:1.答题前,考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、身份证号填写到试题规定的位置上。
2.第1卷每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号,答案不能答在试题上。
3.第Ⅱ卷答题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第1卷一、单项选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共1 0分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填涂在答题卡上。
错选、多选或未选均无分1.下列文章中,以驳论为主的是A.季氏将伐颛臾B.寡人之于国也C.秋水D.谏逐客书2.宋代开豪放词风的词人是A.柳永B.李清照C.苏轼D.辛弃疾3.以下哪位是唐朝“边塞”诗作代表诗人A.高适B.李白C.杜甫D.王维4.以下哪个成语不.是.出自《战国策》A.画蛇添足B.惊弓之鸟C.狡兔三窟D.守株待兔5.《采薇》诗中没有..表现的思想感情倾向是A.对周天子的愤怒B.对战争的厌恶C.对和平的向往D.思乡自伤之情6.李清照曾因三句带“瘦”的诗词而被称为“三瘦诗人”,下列不属于...李清照的“三瘦”的是A.“新来瘦,非干病酒,不是悲秋”B.“知否,知否,应是绿艴红瘦”C.“莫道不消魂,帘卷西风,人比黄花瘦”D.“是人总道薪来瘦,也著甚来由。
”7.下列不属于...汤显祖的“临川四梦”的是A.《牡丹亭》B.《紫钗记》C.《邯郸记》D.《紫箫记》8.“忽如一夜春风起,千树万树梨花开”这两旬诗出自岑参的A.《白雪歌送武判官归京》B.《轮台歌奉送封大夫出师西征》C.《走马川行奉送出师西征》D.《天山雪歌》9.下列哪首王维的诗歌体现的是初冬的幽美景色A.《江汉临泛》B.《山中》C.《鹿柴》D.《渭城曲》10.下列句子中,不含..有通假字的一项是A.居其所而众星共之B.匪来贸丝,来即我谋C.都邑浮前浦,波澜动远空D.返景入深林,复照青苔上第Ⅱ卷二、填空题(本大题共9小题,每空1分,共1 0分)11.是中国最早的诗歌总集,收录西周至春秋中期各地方民族及朝庙乐章共305首。
12.是中国一部叙事历史著作,在历史、文学和语言方面,都有很高的成就。
13.“天苍苍,野茫茫,”是北朝民歌《敕勒歌》中的诗句,描写了北方大草原的风光。
14.是北朝民歌的杰出代表作,描写了女英雄花木兰代父从军的动人故事。
15.我国第一个获诺贝尔文学奖的作家是。
16.《天狗》节选自郭沫若的长诗。
17.在我国首开意识流小说先河的作家是.o18.《哈姆雷特》的作者是英国文艺复兴时期的大戏剧家和诗人。
19.《春秋》三传是指:《左传》、、。
三、释词题(解释加点词,本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)20.不顾恩义,畔.主背亲。
(《苏武传》)21.山不在高,有仙则名.。
(《陋室铭》)22.半亩方塘一鉴.开,天光云影共徘徊。
(《观书有感》)23.于是昭王为隗筑官而师之..(《管晏列传》)24.姜氏何厌.之有?(《郑伯克段于鄢》)25.观其所以..微见其意者。
(《留侯论》)26.行道迟迟,载.渴载饥。
(《采薇》)27.则将焉.用彼相也?(《季氏将伐颛臾》)28.举世皆浊我独清,众人皆醉我独醒,是以见.放。
(《渔父》)29.吾妻之美我者,私.我也。
(《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》)四、翻译题(将下列文言文翻译成现代汉语,本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)30.屈节辱命,虽生,何面目以归汉!(《苏武传》)31.语曰“将顺其美,匡救其恶,故上下能相亲也”。
岂管仲之谓乎?(《管晏列传》)32.安能以身之察察,受物之汶汶者乎?(《渔父》)33.吾尝跂而望矣,不如登高之博见也。
(《劝学》)34.固知一死生为虚诞,齐彭殇为妄作。
(《兰亭集序》)五、阅读分析题(本大题共30分)(一)阅读下面的诗词,回答问题。
(l0分)春思贾至草色青青柳色黄,桃花历乱李花香。
东风不为吹愁云,春日偏能惹恨长。
注:历乱,形容花开极其茂盛。
35.这首诗名为春思,前两句通过哪些意象表现春色?(3分)36.诗中前两句和后两句表现感情有什么不同?这样写有什么作用?(3分)37.后两旬抒情有什么特色?请简要赏析。
(4分)(二)阅读下面的文字。
回答问题。
(20分)我爱水我爱水。
多少年来,生活的戏剧虽几易市景,但我总喜欢滨水而居,为了在梦中可以听到那清淡的柔声,明晨启扉,更可见到那一片照眼的清光。
一湾澄明的流水,静静地向前滑流着,滑流着,把我的思念与忧虑都带走了,最后只将我留在岸边,悄然独立。
盈耳只有那净琼微响,向我诉说一个无终结的故事。
我最喜爱的那片水,该是故都城北的什刹海了。
那如一块青玉的平静流水,曾做了我四年的伴侣。
什刹海正位于我母校的后门,度过一道筑在溪水上的石桥,再一转弯,便会听见那愉快的水声,伴着水滨青翠的树色在欢迎采访者了。
清晨无课,我总是拿了一本诗集,在水边倘佯,那时候,正是充满了诗意与幻梦的年纪,水边有时是“自在飞花轻似梦”的诗境,有时是“无边丝雨细如愁”的凄凉境界,还有什么更适于少年的心灵流连徘徊?我常是将书放在身边,双足垂到水面,叫水上的自云,将我带到又温暖又惆怅的幻梦里。
我曾有一首小诗,其中两段是:我曾持一卷诗一朵花来到你身旁,在柳荫里静听那捆捆的水响。
诗,遗忘了;花,失落了,而今再寻不到那流走的时光。
你曾几番入梦,同水上一片斜阳,还有长堤上卖书老人的深色衣裳。
我曾一叠叠买去他的古书,却憾恨着买不去他那暮年的悲伤。
诗中“你”的称谓,即是指什刹海,这首诗里,实在交织着无限的怀念和怅惘..。
什刹海的可爱处,在于它的“变”,在于它的“常”,晴阴风雨,春去夏来,水边的景色不同,而它那最高度的美与宜人处,却永远蕴藏在那一片朦胧水雾,以及潋滟清光里,引人系恋。
当冬天撤去了那皎白的冰雪之幕,在水面薄冰上试步的乐趣享不到了,但一片温柔的春意,却把整个什刹海的灵魂浸透了。
不知何处传来一声声鹧鸪的啼唤,像是那么遥远,又像是那么逼近,听来似是不分明,然而却又是那般动听,直扣人的心门。
再过几天,水边的杨柳出了浅浅的绿痕,水堤上的泥土渐软了,而几场雨后,水已平了堤,时时刻刻似乎要涨溢出来,却又似被一道神秘的边界拘拦住了。
一直在那里溶溶漾漾,如同一个殷勤的主人的手,将酒杯斟得太满了,使每一个来游者,都想一尝过葡萄色的琼浆,而低吟:“呵,你新鲜的湖水,陶醉了我的心灵。
”放假的日子,水边那块大石,便是我露天的座位了,水声轻柔,水光明媚,教给我无穷尽的智慧,将已逝去的,正在进行的,将要发生的一切,缓缓地告诉了我。
我就这样坐着,听着,想着,直到夕阳将辉煌的火炬投入水中,将对岸人家的窗子也照亮了,我才将水色水光摄录心坎,带了回去。
最可爱的还有那水边新秋,北方的秋天本来是悄悄地来,比春天来得更幽俏,有一天,你一凝眸,不免惊讶水的颜色浅了,堤边水位低了,水蓼花的颜色更深了一些,而荷叶已有一丝憔悴之态。
那么,秋意便是满了什刹海了,渐渐地,水过桥头,有个老人在卖荷叶粥了,水面上,更有一些年轻的女孩子赤足在采鲜藕,什刹海在荷叶的摇曳中已另有一种感伤的情调,但当星光落在水面时,你已可依稀听到诗神环佩。
岛上乡居,流水绕墙,每天望着这碗蜒而去的山溪,我更怀念起什刹海了……38.“这首诗里,实在交织着无限的怀念和惆怅”,这里“惆怅”的含义是什么?它表达了作者什么样的感情?(4分)39.文中描述了什刹海四季变化的景色,请加以简要概括,并说说这样写有什么作用。
(6分)40.解释下列两句话在文中的含意。
(6分)(I)但一片温柔的春意,却把整个什刹海的灵魂浸透了。
(2)当星光落在水面时,你已可依稀听到诗神环佩。
41.文章主要写什刹海,却又从“我爱水”写起,作者为什么这样写?请简要分析。
(6分)六、作文(本大题共3 0分)42.请准确理解下面名句的内容,联系自己的生活感受,自拟题目,写一篇文章。
永远面对阳光,阴影自然会抛在身后。
——惠特曼要求:(l)自拟题目(2)除诗歌外,文体不限(3)不少于800字。
参考答案及解析二、填空题(本大题共10小题,每空1分,共10分)11.《诗经》12.《左传》13.风吹草低见牛羊14.《木兰诗》1 5.莫言16.《女神》17.王蒙18.莎士比亚1 9.《公羊传》《谷梁传》三、释词题(每小题1分,共1 0分)20.畔:通“叛”,背叛 2 1.名:名词动用,出名22.鉴:镜子23.师之:把他当做自己的老师24.厌:满足。
25.所以:用来……的26.载:又27.焉:哪里28.见:表被动29.私:偏爱四、翻译题(每小题2分,共10分)30.“丧失气节、玷辱使命,即使活着,还有什么脸面回到汉廷去呢!”3 1.古语说:“要顺势助成君主的美德,纠正挽救他的过错,所以君臣百姓之间能亲密无间。
"这大概就是说的管仲吧?32.怎能让清白的身体去接触世俗尘埃的污染呢?33.我曾经踮起脚远望,(却)不如登到高处看得广阔。
34.我一向认为把死和生当作一回事是错误的,把长寿和短命等量齐观也是荒谬的。
五、阅读分析题( 30分)(一)(10分)35.首句“草色青青柳色黄”,已经用嫩绿、鹅黄两色把这幅春草丛生、柳丝飘拂的生机盎然的画面点染得十分明媚;次句“桃花历乱李花香",更用暗笔为这幅画添上嫣红、洁白两色,并以写气图貌之笔传出了花枝披离、花气氤氲的浓春景象,使画面上的春光更加艳冶,春意更加喧闹。
36.前两句表现春色美好,但是后两句表现春日作者的愁绪无法消除。
在艺术手法的运用上,诗人是以前两句反衬后两旬,使所要表达的愁恨显得加倍强烈。
诗人在这两句里写足了春景,其目的在从反面衬托出与这良辰美景形成强烈对照的无法消除的深愁苦恨。
37.诗中“东风不为吹愁云”,不说自己愁重难遣,而怨东风冷漠无情,不为自己遣愁。
这在诗思上深一层、曲一层,使诗句有避平见奇之妙。
“春日偏能惹恨长”,不说因愁闷而百无聊赖,产生度日如年之感,却反过来说成是春日惹恨,把恨引长,其立意就更新奇,遣词就更有深意。
(二)(20分)38.答:“惆怅”是指作者思念什刹海却只能在梦中相见的遗憾。
表达了作者感伤怀旧的情绪和浓郁的乡愁情结。
39.答:①冬雪皎白,薄冰试步;②春天温柔,生机盎然;③夏天明媚,夕阳辉煌;④秋意渐深,秋荷摇曳。
(每答出一点0.5分)作用:①具体表现了什刹海景色之美;②表达了作者对什刹海的喜爱之情。
(每答出一点2分)40.(1)答:指夜晚的什刹海很美,能触发诗人的创作灵感。