金融术语中英对照(doc 9页)
金融术语中英文对照
Back—door listing 借壳上市Back-end load 撤离费；后收费用Back office 后勤办公室Back to back FX agreement 背靠背外汇协议Balance of payments 国际收支平衡；收支结余Balance of trade 贸易平衡Balance sheet 资产负债表Balance sheet date 年结日Balloon maturity 到期大额偿还Balloon payment 期末大额偿还Bank, Banker， Banking 银行；银行家；银行业Bank for国际结算银行International Settlements(BIS)Bankruptcy 破产Base day 基准日Base rate 基准利率Basel Capital Accord 巴塞尔资本协议Basis Point (BP) 基点；点子一个基点等如一个百分点（％)的百分之一。
举例：25个基点=0.25％Basis swap 基准掉期Basket of currencies 一揽子货币Basket warrant 一揽子备兑证Bear market 熊市；股市行情看淡Bear position 空仓；空头Bear raid 疯狂抛售Bearer 持票人Bearer stock 不记名股票Behind-the—scene 未开拓市场Below par 低于平值Benchmark 比较基准Benchmark mortgage pool 按揭贷款基准组合Beneficiary 受益人Bermudan option 百慕大期权百慕大期权介乎美式与欧式之间，持有人有权在到期日前的一个或多个日期执行期权。
Best practice 最佳做法；典范做法Beta (Market beta) 贝他（系数）；市场风险指数Bid 出价；投标价；买盘指由买方报出表示愿意按此水平买入的一个价格。
金融术语中英文对照
Back-door list ing 借壳上市Back-e nd load 撤离费；后收费用Back office 后勤办公室Back to back FX agreeme nt 背靠背外汇协议Bala nee of payme nts 国际收支平衡；收支结余Bala nee of trade 贸易平衡Bala nee sheet 资产负债表Bala nee sheet date 年结日Ballo on maturity 到期大额偿还Ballo on payme nt 期末大额偿还Bank, Banker, Banking 银行；银行家；银行业Bank for国际结算银行International ??Settlements(BIS)Bankruptcy 破产Base day 基准日Base rate基准利率Basel Capital Accord 巴塞尔资本协议Basis Point (BP)基点；点子一个基点等如一个百分点（%）的百分之一。
举例：25个基点=0.25%Basis swap 基准掉期Basket of currencies 一揽子货币Basket warrant一揽子备兑证Bear market 熊市；股市行情看淡Bear position 空仓；空头Bear raid疯狂抛售Bearer 持票人Bearer stock 不记名股票Behind-the-scene未开拓市场Below par低于平值Benchmark 比较基准Benchmark mortgage pool按揭贷款基准组合Beneficiary受益人Bermudan option百慕大期权百慕大期权介乎美式与欧式之间，持有人有权在到期日前的一个或多个日期执行期权。
Best practice 最佳做法；典范做法Beta (Market beta) 贝他（系数）；市场风险指数Bid 出价；投标价；买盘指由买方报出表示愿意按此水平买入的一个价格Big Band 金融改革Bill of exchange汇票Bills department 押汇部Binary 二元制；二进法（只有两个可能的结果）Binary option二元期权又称数字期权或非全有即全无期权。
金融术语中英文对照
ABSAccelerated depreciation Acceptor Accommodation paper Accounts payable Accounts receivable Accredited InvestorsAccredit value AccreditingAccrual basisAccrued interestACEAcid Test Ratio AcquisitionAcross the board Acting in concert Active assetsActive capitalActual marketActual priceActual useful life ActuaryADBADRADSAd valoremAd valorem stamp duty 资产担保证券（ Asset Backed Securities 的英文缩写）加速折旧承兑人；受票人；接受人融通票据；担保借据应付帐款应收帐款合资格投资者；受信投资人指符合美国证券交易委员 (SEC) 条例，可参与一般美国非公开 (私募)发行的部份机构和高净值个人投资者。
自然增长值本金增值适用于多种工具，指名义本金在工具（如上限合约、上下限合约、掉期和互换期权）的期限内连续增长。
应计制；权责发生制应计利息美国商品交易所酸性测验比率；速动比率收购全面一致；全盘的一致行动；合谋活动资产；有收益资产活动资本现货市场现货价实际可用年期精算师；保险统计专家亚洲开发银行(Asian Development Bank 的英文缩写 )美国存股证；美国预托收据；美国存托凭证(参见 American Depository Receipt 栏目）美国存托股份(American Depository Share 的英文缩写 )从价；按值从价印花税Adjudicator Adjustable rate mortgage (ARM)Admitted value AdvanceAffiliated companyAfter dateAfter-hours dealing After-marketAfter-tax profits Afternoon sessionAge dependency (ratio) Agency account 审裁员调息按揭认可值垫款关联公司；联营公司发票后，出票后收市后交易后市[股市] 指某只新发行股票在定价和配置后的交易市场。
金融术语中英对照
金融术语中英对照A Decade of Challenge & Development(publication) --- 《十载挑战与发展》(刊物)A Policy Paper on Securities and Futures Market Reform --- 《证券及期货市场改革政策文件》abnormal item --- 非正常项目about order --- 近价盘above par --- 高于面值above the line --- 线上项目Academic Advisory Committee(SFC) --- 学术界谘询委员会(证监会)Academic and Accreditation Advisory Committee (AAAC) (SFC) --- 学术评审谘询委员会(证监会) accelerated depreciation --- 加速折旧accept order --- 接价盘acceptance --- 承兑acceptance house --- 承兑行accomodation bill --- 融通票据Account Transfer Instruction (ATI) --- 户口转移指示accountability --- 责任承担；问责accountants' report --- 会计师报告accounting equation --- 会计程式accounting period --- 会计期间accounting practice --- 会计惯例；会计实务Accounting Society of China (ASC) --- 中国会计学会accounting standard --- 会计准则；会计标准accounting treatment --- 会计处理方式accounts payable --- 应付账款accounts receivable --- 应收账款accretion --- 增值accrual basis(accounting) --- 应计制；权责发生制*(会计) accrued expenses --- 应计费用accrued interest --- 应计利息accrued revenue --- 应计收益accumulated depreciation --- 累计折旧；累积折旧accumulated interest --- 累计利息；累积利息accumulated profits --- 累计利润；累积利润acid-test ratio --- 酸性测试比率acquisition --- 收购acquisition of shells --- 买壳acting in concert --- 一致行动active business pursuits(GEM) --- 活跃业务纪录(创业板) active market --- 交投活跃actual market --- 现货市场actual price --- 现货价actual useful life --- 实际可用年期actuary --- 精算师ad valorem stamp duty --- 从价印花税add-on --- 附加利益；优惠additional AMS terminal user --- 附加自动对盘终端机用家additional margin --- 额外按金Adjudication Division --- 审裁科adjustable rate mortgage (ARM) --- 调息按揭adjusted basis --- 调整基数adjusted net assets --- 调整后资产净值adjusted net tangible assets --- 调整后有形资产净值adjustment --- 调整administering bank --- 承办银行；经办银行admissible securities value --- 证券的认可价值admitted value --- 认可值advance --- 垫款advance booking form --- 排期申请表格Advertising Guidelines for Collective Investment Schemes --- 《集合投资计划的广告宣传指引》Advertising Guidelines for Pooled Retirement Funds --- 《集资退休基金的广告宣传指引》Advisory Committee(SFC) --- 谘询委员会(证监会)Advisory Specialist Group --- 专家谘询小组affiliate; affiliated company --- 联属公司after market / aftermarket --- 二级市场after-hours dealing --- 收市后交易after-tax profits --- 税后盈利；税后利润；税后溢利after-tax real rate of return --- 税后实际回报率afternoon session --- 午市agency account --- 代理户口；代客买卖户口Agency Share Transfer System (Mainland China) --- 代办股份转让系统(中国内地)agency trade --- 经纪交易；代客买卖agent --- 代理人aggregate auction --- 集合竞价aggregate market value --- 总市值aging analysis of accounts --- 账龄分析alert message --- 讯息提示All Ordinaries Index (AOI) --- --- 所有普通股指数all-or-none order --- 全部完成或放弃买卖盘allotment --- 配发；股份配发allottee --- 获配发人allowance(accounting) --- 备抵(会计)allowance for bad and doubtful debts --- 坏账及呆账备抵alpha coefficient --- alpha 系数alternate --- 替任人alternative investment --- 另类投资Alternative Investment Market (AIM)(UK) --- 另项投资市场(英国)amalgamation --- 合并Amended and Restated Addendum to Memorandum of Understanding Governing Listing Matters --- 上市事宜谅解备忘录补篇(重订版)American Chamber of Commerce (AMCHAM) --- 美国商会American depository receipt (ADR) --- 美国预托证券American Stock Exchange (AMEX) --- 美国证券交易所American style option --- 美式期权amortisation --- 摊销AMS order book --- 自动对盘系统未完成买卖盘纪录AMS Second Terminal --- 自动对盘系统第二终端机annual accounts --- 年度账目annual general meeting (AGM) --- 股东周年大会annual report --- 年报Appeals Panel(SFC) --- 上诉委员会(证监会)appetite for risk --- 风险容量Application Programming Interface (API) --- 应用程式界面Applied Research Fund --- 应用研究基金appreciation --- 增值appropriation --- 拨款approved borrower --- 核准借入人approved deposit fund --- 认可存款基金approved lending agent --- 核准借出代理人approved redeemable share --- 核准可赎回股份arbitrage --- 套戥；套汇*；套利*arbitrary scale up method --- 随意提增法arithmetic average; arithmetic mean (statistics) --- 算术平均数(统计)arm's length transaction --- 公正交易arrears --- 积欠款项；欠款articles of association --- 组织章程；组织细则ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) --- 东盟自由贸易区ASEAN Regional Forum --- 东盟地区论坛Asia-Pacific Central Securities Depository Group (ACG) --- 亚太区中央证券存管处组织Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) --- 亚太经济合作组织Asia Pacific Loan Market Association --- 亚太贷款市场协会Asia Pacific Regional Committee (APRC) of IOSCO --- 国际证监会组织亚太区委员会Asian Development Bank (ADB) --- 亚洲开发银行Asian dollar bond --- 亚洲美元债券Asian dollar market --- 亚洲美元市场Asian Securities' Analysts Council (ASAC) --- 亚洲证券分析员公会Asian Securities Analysts Federation --- 亚洲证券分析家协会ask price; asked price --- 沽盘价；卖盘价asset --- 资产asset allocation --- 资产调配；资产调度asset coverage --- 资产覆盖率；资产保证asset injection --- 注入资产asset stripper --- 「拆骨专家」asset stripping --- 拆卖资产；资产拆卖asset swap --- 资产调换asset-backed securities (ABS) --- 抵押证券；有资产支持的债务证券assignee --- 受让人；承让人；获分配人士assignment --- 转让assignment(options) --- 指定分配(期权)assignor --- 转让人assistant supervisor(GEM) --- 助理主管(创业板)associate --- 联系人士associate; associate company; associated company --- 联营公司associated person --- 相联人Association Cambiste Internationale --- 国际外汇同业联会Association for Investment Management and Research (AIMR) --- 投资管理研究联会Association of Chartered Certified Accountants, The --- --- 特许公认会计师公会Association of International Accountants, The --- --- 国际会计师公会Association of National Numbering Agencies (ANNA) --- 国际编码机构协会。
金融学专业词汇(中英文对照)
金融学专业词汇（中英文对照）目录1. 货币与货币制度 (3)2. 国际货币体系与汇率制度 (4)3. 信用、利息与信用形成 (5)4. 金融范畴的形成与发展 (7)5. 金融中介体系 (7)6. 存款货币银行 (9)7. 中央银行 (10)8. 金融市场 (10)9. 资本市场 (13)10. 金融体系结构 (14)11. 金融基础设施 (14)12. 利率的决定作用 (15)13. 货币需求 (16)14. 现代货币的创造机制 (17)15. 货币供给 (17)16. 货币均衡 (18)17. 开放经济的均衡 (18)18. 通货膨胀和通货紧缩 (19)19. 货币政策 (20)20. 货币政策与财政政策的配合 (21)21. 开放条件下的政策搭配与协调 (22)22. 利率的风险结构与期限结构 (22)23. 资产组合与资产定价 (23)24. 商业银行业务与管理 (25)25. 货币经济与实际经济 (26)26. 金融发展与经济增长 (26)27. 金融脆弱性与金融危机 (27)28. 金融监管 (27)1.货币与货币制度货币:(currency)外汇:(foreign exchange)铸币:(coin)银行券:(banknote)纸币:(paper currency)存款货币:(deposit money)价值尺度:(measure of values)货币单位:(currency unit)货币购买力:(purchasing power of money)购买力平价:(purchasing power parity,PPP)流通手段:(means of circulation)购买手段:(means of purchasing)交易的媒介:(media of exchange)支付手段:(means of payment)货币需求:(demand for money)货币流通速度:(velocity of money)保存价值:(store of value)汇率:(exchange rate)一般等价物:(universal equivalent)流动性:(liquidity)通货:(currency)准货币:(quasi money)货币制度:(monetary system)本位制:(standard)金本位:(gold standard)造币:(coinage)铸币税:(seigniorage)本位币:(standard money)辅币:(fractional money)货币法偿能力:(legal tender powers)复本位制:(bimetallic standard)金汇兑本位:(gold exchange standard)金平价:(gold parity)金块本位制:(gold bullion standard)2.国际货币体系与汇率制度浮动汇率制:(floating exchange rate regime)货币局制度:(currency board arrangement)联系汇率制度:(linked exchange rate system)美元化:(dollarization)最优通货区理论:(theory of optimum currency area)货币消亡:(money disappearance)外汇:(foreign currency)外汇管理:(exchange regulation)外汇管制:(exchange control)可兑换:(convertibility)不可兑换:(inconvertibility)经常项目:(current account)资本项目:(capital account)汇率:(exchange rate)牌价:(posted price)直接标价法:(direct quotation)间接标价法:(indirect quotation)单一汇率:(unitary exchange rate)多重汇率:(multiple exchange rate)市场汇率:(market exchange rate)官方汇率:(official exchange rate)黑市:(black market)固定汇率:(fixed exchange rate)浮动汇率:(floating exchange rate)管理浮动:(managed float)盯住汇率制度:(pegged exchange rate regime)固定钉住:(fixed peg)在水平带内的盯住:(pegged within horizontal bands)爬行钉住:(crawling peg)外汇指定银行:(designated foreign exchange bank)货币的对外价值:(external value of exchange)货币的对内价值:(internal value of exchange)名义汇率:(nominal exchange rate)实际汇率:(real exchange rate)铸币平价:(mint parity)金平价:(gold parity)黄金输送点:(gold transport point)国际借贷说:(theory of international indebtedness)流动债权:(current claim)流动负债:(current liablity)国际收支说:(theory of balance payment)汇兑心理说:(psychology theory of exchange rate)货币分析说:(monetary approach)金融资产说:(portfolio theory of exchange rate determination)利率平价理论:(theory of interest rate parity)外汇风险:(exchange risk)中国的外汇调剂:(foreign exchange swap)3.信用、利息与信用形成信用:(credit)利息:(interest)收益:(yield)资本化:(capitalization of interest)高利贷:(usury)利率:(interest rate)债权:(claim)债务:(debt obligation)借入:(borrowing)贷出:(lending)盈余:(surplus)赤字:(deficit)跨时预算约束:(intertemporal budget constraint)资金流量:(flow of funds)部门:(sector)借贷资本:(loan capital)实体:(real)商业信用:(commercial credit)银行信用:(bank credit)本票:(promissory note)汇票:(bill of exchange)商业本票:(commercial paper)商业汇票:(commercial bill)承兑:(acceptance)背书:(endorsement)直接融资:(direct finance)间接融资:(indirect finance)短期国库卷:(treasury bill)中期国库卷:(treasury note)长期国库卷:(treasury bond)国债:(national debt)公债:(public debt)资本输出:(export of capital)国际资本流动:(international capital flow)国外商业性借贷:(foreign direct investment,FDI)国际游资:(hot money)4.金融范畴的形成与发展财政:(public finance)公司理财:(corporate finance)投资:(investment)保险:(insurance)财产保险:(property insurance)人身保险:(mutual life insurance)相互人寿保险:(mutual life insurance)信托:(trust)租赁:(leasing)5.金融中介体系金融中介:(financial intermediary)金融机构:(financial institution)借者:(borrower)贷者:(lender)货币中介:(monetary intermediation)权益资本:(equity capital)中央银行:(central bank)货币当局:(monetary authority)存款货币银行:(deposit money bank)商业银行:(commercial bank)投资银行:(investment bank)商人银行:(merchant bank)财务公司:(financial companies)储蓄银行:(saving bank)抵押银行:(mortgage bank)信用合作社:(credit cooperative)保险业:(insurance industry)跨国银行:(multinational bank)代表处:(representative office)经理处:(agency)分行:(branch)子银行:(subsidiary)联营银行:(affiliate)国际财团银行:(consortium bank)中国人民银行:(People’s Bank of China)政策性银行:(policy banks)国有商业银行:(state-owned commercial banks)资产管理公司:(assets management company)证券公司:(securities company)券商:(securities dealer)农村信用合作社:(rural credit cooperatives)城市信用合作社:(urban credit cooperatives)信托投资公司:(trust and investment companies)信托:(trust)金融租赁:(financial leasing)邮政储蓄:(postal savings)财产保险:(property insurance)商业保险:(commercial insurance)社会保险:(social insurance)保险深度:(insurance intensity)保险密度:(insurance density)投资基金:(investment funds)证券投资基金:(security funds)封闭式基金:(closed-end investment funds)开放式基金:(open-end investment funds)私募基金:(private placement)风险投资基金:(venture funds)特别提款权:(special drawing right,SDR)国有化:(nationalization)6.存款货币银行货币兑换商:(money dealer)银行业:(banking)贴现率:(discount rate)职能分工型商业银行:(functional division commercial bank)全能型商业银行:(multi-function commercial bank)综合性商业银行:(comprehensive commercial bank)单元银行制度:(unit banking system)总分行制度:(branch banking system)代理行制度:(correspondent banking system)银行控股公司制度:(share holding banking system)连锁银行制度:(chains banking system)金融创新:(financial innovation)自动转账制度:(automatic transfer services,ATS)可转让支付命令账户:(negotiable order of withdrawal account,NOW)货币市场互助基金:(money market mutual fund,MMMF)货币市场存款账户:(money market deposit account,MMDA)不良债权:(bad claim)坏账:(bad loan)不良贷款:(non-performing loans,NPL)存款保险制度:(deposit insurance system)金融资本:(financial capital)7.中央银行中央银行:(central bank)一元式中央银行制度:(unit central bank system)二元式中央银行制度:(dual central bank system)复合中央银行制度:(compound central bank system)跨国中央银行制度:(multinational central bank system)发行的银行:(bank of issue)银行的银行:(bank of bank)最后贷款人:(lender of last resort)再贴现:(rediscount)在抵押:(recollateralize)国家的银行:(the state bank)8.金融市场金融市场:(financial market)证券化:(securitization)金融资产:(financial assets)金融工具:(financial instruments)金融产品:(financial products)衍生金融产品:(derivative financial products)原生金融产品:(underlying financial products)流动性:(liquidity)变现:(encashment)买卖差价:(bid-ask spread)做市商:(market marker)到期日:(due date)信用风险:(credit risk)市场风险:(market risk)名义收益率:(nominal yield)现时收益率:(current yield)平均收益率:(average yield)内在价值:(intrinsic value)直接融资:(direct finance)间接融资:(indirect finance)货币市场:(money market)资本市场:(capital market)现货市场:(spot market)期货市场:(futures market)机构投资人:(institutional investor)资信度:(credit standing)融通票据:(financial paper)银行承兑票据:(bank acceptance)贴现:(discount)大额存单:(certificates of desposit,CDs)回购:(counterpurchase)回购协议:(repurchase agreement)隔夜:(overnight)银行同业间拆借市场:(interbank market)合约:(contract)远期:(forward)期货:(futures)期权:(options)看涨期权:(call option)看跌期权:(put option)期权费:(option premium)互换:(swap)投资基金:(investment funds)契约型基金:(contractual type investment fund)单位型基金:(unit funds)基金型基金:(funding funds)公司型基金:(corporate type investment fund)投资管理公司:(investment management company)共同基金:(mutual fund)对冲基金:(hedge fund)风投基金:(venture fund)权益投资:(equity investment)收益基金:(income funds)增长基金:(growth funds)长期增长基金:(long-term growth funds)高增长基金:(go-go groeth funds)货币市场基金:(money market funds)养老基金:(pension fund)外汇市场:(foreign exchange market)风险资本:(venture capital)权益资本:(equity capital)私人权益资本市场:(private equity market)有限合伙制:(limited partnership)交易发起:(deal origination)筛选投资机会:(screening)评价:(evaluation)交易设计:(deal structure)投资后管理:(post-investment activities)创业板市场:(growth enterprise market,GEM)二板市场:(secondary board market)金融创新:(financial innovation)金融自由化:(financial liberalization)全球化:(globalization)离岸金融市场:(off-shore financial center)9.资本市场权益:(equity)剩余索取权:(residual claims)证券交易所:(stock exchange)交割:(delivery)过户:(transfer ownership)场外交易市场:(over the counter,OTC)金融债券:(financial bond)抵押债券:(mortgage bond)担保信托债券:(collateral trust bonds)信用债券:(trust bonds)次等信用债券:(subordinated debenture)担保债券:(guaranteed bonds)初级市场:(primary market)二级市场:(secondary market)公募:(public offering)私募:(private offering)有价证券:(security)面值:(face value)市值:(market value)股票价格指数:(share price index)有效市场假说:(effective market hypothesis)弱有效市场:(weak efficient market)中度有效市场:(semi-efficient market)强有效市场:(strong efficient market)股份公司:(stock certificate)股票:(stock certificate)股东:(stock holder)所有权:(ownership)经营权:(right of management)10.金融体系结构功能主义金融观:(perspective of financial function)金融体系格局:(pattern of financial system)激励:(incentive)公司治理:(corporate governance)路径依赖:(path dependency)市场主导型:(market-oriented type)银行主导型:(banking-oriented type)参与成本:(participative cost)影子银行体系:(the shadow banking system)11.金融基础设施金融基础设施:(financial infrastructures)支付清算系统:(payment and clearing system)跨境支付系统:(cross-border inter-bank payment system,CIPS)全额实时结算:(real time gross system)净额批量清算:(bulk transfer net system)大额资金转账系统:(whole sale funds transfer system)小额定时结算系统:(fixed time retail system)票据交换所:(clearing house)金融市场基础设施:(financial market infrastructures)中央交易对手:(central counterparties,CCPs)双边清算体系:(bilateral clearing system)系统重要性支付体系核心原则:(the core principles for systemically important payment system)证券清算体系建议:(the recommendations for central counterparties)中央交易对手建议:(the recommendations for central counterparties)金融业标准:(financial standards)盯市:(mark-to-market)公允价值:(fair value)金融部门评估规划:(financial sector assessment program)12.利率的决定作用可贷资金论:(loanable funds theory of interest)储蓄的利率弹性:(interest elasticity of saving)投资的利率弹性:(interest elasticity of investment)本金:(principal)回报率:(returns)基准利率:(benchmark interest rate)无风险利率:(risk-free interest rate)补偿:(compensation)风险溢价:(risk premium)实际利率:(real interest rate)名义利率:(nominal interest rate)固定利率:(fixed interest rate)浮动利率:(floating rate)官定利率:(official interest rate)行业利率:(trade-regulated rate)一般利率:(general interest rate)优惠利率:(preferential interest rate)贴息贷款:(loan of interest subsidy)年利率:(annual interest rate)月利率:(monthly interest rate)日利率:(daily interest rate)拆息:(call money interest)13.货币需求货币需求:(demand for money)货币数量论:(quantity theory of money)货币必要量:(volume of money needed)货币流通速度:(velocity of money)交易方程式:(equation of exchange)剑桥方程式:(equation of Cambridge)现金交易说:(cash transaction approach)现金余额说:(cash balance theory)货币需求动机:(motive of the demand for money)交易动机:(transaction motive)预防动机:(precautionary motive)投机动机:(speculative motive)流动性偏好:(liquidity preference)流动性陷阱:(liquidity trap)平方根法则:(square-root rule)货币主义:(monetarism)恒久性收入:(permanent income)机会成本变量:(opportunity cost variable)名义货币需求:(nominal demand for money)实际货币需求:(real demand for money)客户保证金:(customer’s security marign)金融资产选择:(portfolio selection)14.现代货币的创造机制纯流通费用:(pure circulation cost)原始存款:(primary deposit)派生存款:(derivative deposit)派生乘数:(withdrawal multiplier)现金损露:(loss of cashes)提现率:(withdrawal rate)创造乘数:(creation multiplier)现金:(currency)基础货币:(base money)高能货币:(high-power money)货币乘数:(money multiplier)铸币收入:(seigniorage revenue)15.货币供给货币供给:(money supply)准货币:(quasi money)名义货币供给:(nominal money supply)实际货币供给:(real money supply)股民保证金:(shareholder’s security margin)货币存量:(money stock)公开市场操作:(open-market operation)贴现政策:(discount policy)再贴现率:(rediscount rate)法定准备金率:(legal reserve ratio)财富效应:(wealth effect)预期报酬率变动效应:(effect of expected yields change)现金持有量:(currency holdings)超额准备金:(excess reserves)外生变量:(exogenous variable)内生变量:(endogenous variable)16.货币均衡均衡:(equilibrium)投资饥渴:(huger for investment)软预算约束:(soft budget constraint)总需求:(aggregate demand)总供给:(aggregate supply)面纱论:(money veil theory)流:(flow)余额:(stock)17.开放经济的均衡国际收支:(balance of payments)居民:(resident)非居民:(nonresident)国际收支平衡表:(statement for balance of payments)经常项目:(current account)资本和金融项目:(capital and financial account)储备资产:(reserve assets)净误差与遗漏:(net errors and missions)自主性交易:(autonomous transaction)调节性交易:(accommodating transaction)偿债率:(debt service ratio)顺差:(surplus)逆差:(deficit)最后清偿率:(last liquidation ratio)资本流动:(capital movements)项目融资:(project finance)外债:(external debt)资本外逃:(capital flight)冲销性操作:(sterilized operation)非冲销性操作:(unsterilized operation)债务率:(debt ratio)负债率:(liability ratio)差额:(balance)18.通货膨胀和通货紧缩通货膨胀:(inflation)恶性通货膨胀:(rampant inflation)爬行通货膨胀:(creeping inflation)温和通货膨胀:(moderate inflation)公开性通货膨胀:(open inflation)显性通货膨胀:(evident inflation)隐蔽性通货膨胀:(hidden inflation)输入型通货膨胀:(import of inflation)结构性通货膨胀:(structural inflation)通货膨胀率:(inflation rate)居民消费物价指数:(CPI)零售物价指数:(RPI)批发物价指数:(WPI)冲减指数:(deflator)需求拉上型通货膨胀:(demand-pull inflation)成本推动型通货膨胀:(cost-push inflation)工资-价格螺旋上升:(wage-price spiral)强制储蓄:(forced saving)收入分配效应:(distributional effect of income)财富分配效应:(distributional effect of wealth)滞胀:(stagflation)工资膨胀率:(wage inflation)紧缩性货币政策:(tight monetary policy)紧缩银根:(tight money)紧缩信贷:(tight squeeze)指数化:(indexation)通货紧缩:(deflation)19.货币政策货币政策:(monetary policy)金融政策:(financial policy)货币政策目标:(goal of monetary policy)通货膨胀目标制:(inflation targeting)逆风向原则:(principle of leaning against the wind)反周期货币政策:(counter cycle monetary policy)相机抉择:(discretionary)单一规则:(single rule)告示效应:(bulletin effects)直接信用控制:(direct credit)信用配额:(credit allocation)流动性比率:(liquidity ratio)间接信用控制:(indirect credit control)道义劝告:(moral suasion)窗口指导:(window guidence)信用贷款:(lending)传导机制:(conduction mechanism)中介指标:(intermediate target)信贷配给:(credit rationing)资产负债表渠道:(balance sheet channel)时滞:(time lag)预期:(expectation)透明度:(transparency)信任:(credibility)软着陆:(soft landing)20.货币政策与财政政策的配合赤字:(deficit)经常性收入:(current revenue)税:(tax)费:(fee)经常性支出:(current expenditure)资本性收入:(capital revenue)补助:(grant)资本性支出:(capital expenditure)账面赤字:(book deficit)隐蔽赤字:(hidden deficit)预算外:(off-budget)透支:(overdraft)净举债:(net fiancing)未清偿债券:(outstanding debt)或有债务:(contingent liability)准备货币:(reserve money)国债依存度:(public debt dependency)国债负担率:(public debt-to-GDP ratio)国债偿债率:(government debt-service ratio)财政政策:(fiscal policy)补偿性财政货币政策:(compensatory fiscal and monetary policy) 21.开放条件下的政策搭配与协调米德冲突:(Meade’s conflict)国际政策协调:(international policy coordination)信息交换:(information exchange)危机管理:(crisis management)避免共享目标变量的冲突:(avoiding conflicts over shared targets)合作确定中介目标:(cooperation intermediate targeting)部分协调:(full coordination)汇率目标区:(target zone of exchange rate)马歇尔-勒纳条件:(Marshall-Lerner condition)J曲线效应:(J curve effect)22.利率的风险结构与期限结构单利:(simple interest)复利:(compound interest)现值:(present value)终值:(future value)竞价拍卖:(open-outcry auction)贴现值:(present discount value)利率管制:(interest rate control)利率管理体制:(interest rate regulation system)存贷利差:(interest rate regulation system)利率风险结构:(risk structure of interest rates)违约风险:(default risk)利率期限结构:(term structure of interest rates)即期利率:(spot rate of interest)远期利率:(forward rate of interest)到期收益率:(yield to maturity)现金流:(cash floe)预期理论:(expectation theory)流动性理论:(liquidity theory)偏好理论:(preferred habitat theory)市场隔断理论:(market segmentation theory) 23.资产组合与资产定价市场风险:(market risk)信用风险:(credit risk)流动性风险:(liquidity risk)操作风险:(operational risk)法律风险:(legal risk)政策风险:(policy risk)道德风险:(moral hazard)主权风险:(sovereign risk)市场流动性风险:(product liquidity)现金流风险:(cash flow)执行风险:(execution risk)欺诈风险:(fraud risk)遵守与监管风险:(compliance and regulatory risk)资产组合理论:(portfolio theory)系统性风险:(systematic risk)非系统性风险:(nonsystematic risk)效益边界:(efficient frontier)价值评估:(evaluation)市盈率:(price-earning ratio)资产定价模型:(asset pricing model)资本资产定价模型:(capital asset pricing model,CAPM)无风险资产:(risk-free assets)市场组合:(market portfolio)多要素模型:(multifactorCAPM)套利定价理论:(arbitrage pricing theory,APT)期权加价:(option premium)内在价值:(intrinsic value)时间价值:(time value)执行价格:(strike price)看涨期权:(call option)看跌期权:(put option)对冲型的资产组合:(hedge portfolios)套利:(arbitrage)无套利均衡:(no-arbitrage equilibrium)均衡价格:(equilibrium price)多头:(long position)空头:(short position)动态复制:(dynamic replication)头寸:(position)风险偏好:(risk preference)风险中性:(risk neutral)风险厌恶:(risk averse)风险中性定价:(risk-netural pricing)24.商业银行业务与管理银行负责业务:(liability business)存款:(deposit)活期存款:(demand deposit)支票存款:(check deposit)透支:(overdraft)定期存款:(time deposit)再贴现:(rediscount)金融债券:(financial bond)抵押贷款:(mortgage loan)信用贷款:(credit loan)通知贷款:(demand loan)真实票据论:(real bill doctrine)商业贷款理论:(commercial loan theory)证券投资:(portfolio investment)中间业务:(middleman business)表外业务:(off-balance sheet business)无风险业务:(risk-free business)汇款:(remittance)信用证:(letter of credit)商品信用证:(commercial letter of credit)代收业务:(business of collection)代客买卖业务:(business of commission)承兑网络银行:(internet bank)虚拟银行:(virtual bank)企业对个人:(B2C)企业对企业:(B2B)挤兑:(bank runs)资产管理:(assets management)自偿性:(self-liquidation)可转换性理论:(convertibility theory)预期收入理论:(anticipated income theory)负债管理:(liability management)资产负债综合管理:(comprehensive management of assets and liability)风险管理:(risk management)在险价值:(value at risk,VAR)25.货币经济与实际经济两分法:(dichotomy)实际经济:(real economy)货币经济:(monetary economy)虚拟资本:(monetary capital)泡沫经济:(bubble economy)虚拟经济:(virtual economy)货币中性:(neutrality of money)相对价格:(relative price)货币面纱:(monetary veil)瓦尔拉斯均衡:(Walras equilibrium)一般均衡理论:(theory of general equilibrium)超中性:(super-neutrality)26.金融发展与经济增长金融发展:(financial development)金融自由化:(financial liberalization)金融深化:(financial deepening)金融压抑:(financial repression)金融机构化:(financial institutionalization)分层比率:(gradation ratio)金融相关率:(financial interrelation ratio,FIR)货币化率:(monetarization ratio)脱媒:(distintermediation)导管效应:(tube effect)27.金融脆弱性与金融危机金融脆弱性:(financial fragility)金融风险:(financial risk)长周期:(long cycles)安全边界:(margins of safety)汇率超调理论:(theory of exchange rate over shooting)金融危机:(financial crises)资产管理公司:(asset management corporation,AMC)金融恐慌:(financial panic)优先/次级抵押贷款债券:(senior/subordinate structure) 28.金融监管金融监管:(financial regulation)公共选择:(public choice)最低资本要求:(minimum capital requirements)监管当局的监管:(supervisory review process)市场纪律:(market discipline)宏观审慎框架:(macro-prudential framework)分行:(branch)子行:(subsidiary)并表监管:(consolidated supervision)。
金融术语中英文对照
Back-door listing 借壳上市Back-end load 撤离费；后收费用Back office 后勤办公室Back to back FX agreement 背靠背外汇协议Balance of payments 国际收支平衡;收支结余Balance of trade 贸易平衡Balance sheet 资产负债表Balance sheet date 年结日Balloon maturity 到期大额偿还Balloon payment 期末大额偿还Bank， Banker， Banking 银行；银行家；银行业Bank for国际结算银行International Settlements（BIS)Bankruptcy 破产Base day 基准日Base rate 基准利率Basel Capital Accord 巴塞尔资本协议Basis Point （BP) 基点;点子一个基点等如一个百分点（%）的百分之一.举例：25个基点=0.25％Basis swap 基准掉期Basket of currencies 一揽子货币Basket warrant 一揽子备兑证Bear market 熊市；股市行情看淡Bear position 空仓；空头Bear raid 疯狂抛售Bearer 持票人Bearer stock 不记名股票Behind—the—scene 未开拓市场Below par 低于平值Benchmark 比较基准Benchmark mortgage pool 按揭贷款基准组合Beneficiary 受益人Bermudan option 百慕大期权百慕大期权介乎美式与欧式之间，持有人有权在到期日前的一个或多个日期执行期权。
Best practice 最佳做法；典范做法Beta (Market beta）贝他(系数）；市场风险指数Bid 出价；投标价；买盘指由买方报出表示愿意按此水平买入的一个价格。
最全金融行业术语英文翻译
最全金融行业术语英文翻译本文档旨在为您提供最全面的金融行业术语的英文翻译，帮助您更好地理解和使用这些术语。
以下是我们整理的金融行业术语及对应的英文翻译：1. 金融市场：Financial market2. 资金流动：Capital flow3. 股票：Stock4. 债券：Bond5. 期权：Option6. 期货：Futures7. 衍生品：Derivative8. 投资组合：Portfolio9. 风险管理：Risk management10. 资产负债表：Balance sheet12. 现金流量表：Cash flow statement13. 财务分析：Financial analysis14. 贷款：Loan15. 存款：Deposit16. 利率：Interest rate17. 汇率：Exchange rate18. 银行业务：Banking business19. 保险业务：Insurance business20. 财富管理：Wealth management21. 资产管理：Asset management22. 投资银行：Investment banking23. 证券交易所：Stock exchange24. 资本市场：Capital market26. 风险投资：Venture capital27. 股票交易：Stock trading28. 期货交易：Futures trading29. 存款利率：Deposit rate30. 贷款利率：Loan rate这仅仅是金融行业术语的一小部分，更多术语可以根据实际需要进行进一步查询和研究。
希望本文档对您有所帮助。
常见的金融词汇中英对照
常见的金融词汇中英对照1. 金融市场 (Financial Markets)金融市场是指用于实现资金交易和资金融通的场所，包括股票市场、债券市场、外汇市场和商品市场等。
•股票市场 (Stock Market): the market for buying and selling shares of publicly traded companies.•债券市场 (Bond Market): the market for buying and selling bonds.•外汇市场 (Foreign Exchange Market): the market for trading foreign currencies.•商品市场 (Commodity Market): the market for trading commodities such as oil, gold, and agricultural products.2. 资本市场 (Capital Market)资本市场是指长期融资和投资的市场，包括股票市场和债券市场等。
•股票市场 (Stock Market): the market for buying and selling shares of publicly traded companies.•债券市场 (Bond Market): the market for buying and selling bonds.3. 证券 (Securities)证券是指可以转让和交易的金融工具，包括股票、债券、证券投资基金等。
•股票 (Stocks): shares of ownership in a company that can be bought and sold on a stock market.•债券 (Bonds): debt securities issued by governments, corporations, or other organizations to raise capital.•证券投资基金 (Mutual Funds): investment funds that pool money from multiple investors to invest in a diversified portfolio of stocks, bonds, orother securities.4. 风险管理 (Risk Management)风险管理是指识别、评估和处理金融交易和投资中的各种风险，以减少损失和提高效益。
金融术语中英文对照
Back—door listing 借壳上市Back-end load 撤离费；后收费用Back office 后勤办公室Back to back FX agreement 背靠背外汇协议Balance of payments 国际收支平衡；收支结余Balance of trade 贸易平衡Balance sheet 资产负债表Balance sheet date 年结日Balloon maturity 到期大额偿还Balloon payment 期末大额偿还Bank, Banker, Banking 银行；银行家；银行业Bank for国际结算银行International Settlements(BIS)Bankruptcy 破产Base day 基准日Base rate 基准利率Basel Capital Accord 巴塞尔资本协议Basis Point (BP）基点;点子一个基点等如一个百分点(％)的百分之一.举例：25个基点=0.25％Basis swap 基准掉期Basket of currencies 一揽子货币Basket warrant 一揽子备兑证Bear market 熊市;股市行情看淡Bear position 空仓；空头Bear raid 疯狂抛售Bearer 持票人Bearer stock 不记名股票Behind-the—scene 未开拓市场Below par 低于平值Benchmark 比较基准Benchmark mortgage pool 按揭贷款基准组合Beneficiary 受益人Bermudan option 百慕大期权百慕大期权介乎美式与欧式之间，持有人有权在到期日前的一个或多个日期执行期权。
Best practice 最佳做法;典范做法Beta (Market beta）贝他(系数)；市场风险指数Bid 出价；投标价;买盘指由买方报出表示愿意按此水平买入的一个价格.Big Band 金融改革Bill of exchange 汇票Bills department 押汇部Binary 二元制；二进法(只有两个可能的结果）Binary option 二元期权又称数字期权或非全有即全无期权.如果基础工具满足预先确定的启动条件，二元期权将支付一个固定金额,在其他情形下则不支付任何收益.BIS 国际结算银行（Bank for International Settlements的英文缩写)Blackout period 封锁期Block trade 大额交易;大宗买卖Blue chips 蓝筹股Blue Sky [美国] 蓝天法;股票买卖交易法Board of directors 董事会Bona fide buyer 真诚买家Bond market 债券市场,债市Bonds 债券，债票Bonus issue 派送红股Bonus share 红股；红利股票Book close date 截止过户日期Book closure period 停止过户期间Book value 帐面值Bookbuilding 建立投资者购股意愿档案；建档;询价圈购[股市］包销商用以定价一笔发行的方法。
金融术语中英文对照
Back—door listing 借壳上市Back-end load 撤离费；后收费用Back office 后勤办公室Back to back FX agreement 背靠背外汇协议Balance of payments 国际收支平衡；收支结余Balance of trade 贸易平衡Balance sheet 资产负债表Balance sheet date 年结日Balloon maturity 到期大额偿还Balloon payment 期末大额偿还Bank， Banker, Banking 银行；银行家;银行业Bank for国际结算银行International Settlements(BIS)Bankruptcy 破产Base day 基准日Base rate 基准利率Basel Capital Accord 巴塞尔资本协议Basis Point (BP) 基点；点子一个基点等如一个百分点（%）的百分之一.举例：25个基点=0.25%Basis swap 基准掉期Basket of currencies 一揽子货币Basket warrant 一揽子备兑证Bear market 熊市;股市行情看淡Bear position 空仓；空头Bear raid 疯狂抛售Bearer 持票人Bearer stock 不记名股票Behind-the-scene 未开拓市场Below par 低于平值Benchmark 比较基准Benchmark mortgage pool 按揭贷款基准组合Beneficiary 受益人Bermudan option 百慕大期权百慕大期权介乎美式与欧式之间，持有人有权在到期日前的一个或多个日期执行期权。
Best practice 最佳做法；典范做法Beta （Market beta）贝他（系数）;市场风险指数Bid 出价；投标价；买盘指由买方报出表示愿意按此水平买入的一个价格。
(完整word版)经济金融术语中英文对照
经济金融术语中英文对照D (1)E (3)F (3)G (4)J (6)K (9)L (9)M (10)N (11)P (11)Q (12)R (13)W (13)X (14)Y (16)Z (17)D打白条 issue IOU大额存单 certificate of deposit（CD）大额提现 withdraw deposits in large amounts大面积滑坡 wide-spread decline大一统的银行体制 (all—in—one)mono-bank system呆账(请见“坏账”） bad loans呆账准备金 loan loss reserves(provisions）呆滞贷款 idle loans贷款沉淀 non—performing loans贷款分类 loan classification贷款限额管理 credit control;to impose credit ceiling贷款约束机制 credit disciplinary（constraint）mechanism代理国库 to act as fiscal agent代理金融机构贷款 make loans on behalf of other institutions戴帽贷款 ear-marked loans倒逼机制reversed transmission of the pressure for easing monetary condition道德风险 moral hazard地区差别 regional disparity第一产业 the primary industry第二产业 the secondary industry第三产业 the service industry；the tertiary industry递延资产 deferrable assets订货不足 insufficient orders定期存款 time deposits定向募集 raising funds from targeted sources东道国（请见“母国”) host country独立核算 independent accounting短期国债 treasury bills对冲操作 sterilization operation;hedging对非金融部门债权 claims on non-financial sector多种所有制形式 diversified ownershipE恶性通货膨胀 hyperinflation二级市场 secondary marketF发行货币 to issue currency发行总股本 total stock issue法定准备金 required reserves;reserve requirement法人股 institutional shares法人股东 institutional shareholders法治 rule of law房地产投资 real estate investment放松银根 to ease monetary policy非现场稽核 off-site surveillance（or monitoring)非银行金融机构 non-bank financial institutions非赢利性机构 non-profit organizations分税制 assignment of central and local taxes;tax assignment system分业经营 segregation of financial business（services）;division of business scope based on the type of financial institutions风险暴露（风险敞口） risk exposure风险管理 risk management风险意识 risk awareness风险资本比例 risk-weighted capital ratios风险资本标准 risk-based capital standard服务事业收入 public service charges；user’s charges扶贫 poverty alleviation负增长 negative growth复式预算制 double-entry budgeting;capital and current budgetary account G改革试点 reform experimentation杠杆率 leverage ratio杠杆收购 leveraged buyout高息集资 to raise funds by offering high interest个人股 non-institutional shares根本扭转 fundamental turnaround（or reversal)公开市场操作 open market operations公款私存 deposit public funds in personal accounts公用事业 public utilities公有经济 the state—owned sector；the public sector公有制 public ownership工业成本利润率 profit—to—cost ratio工业增加值 industrial value added供大于求 supply exceeding demand;excessive supply鼓励措施 incentives股份合作企业 joint—equity cooperative enterprises股份制企业 joint-equity enterprises股份制银行 joint—equity banks固定资产贷款 fixed asset loans关税减免 tariff reduction and exemption关税减让 tariff concessions关税优惠 tariff incentives;preferential tariff treatment规范行为 to regularize（or standardize）…behavior规模效益 economies of scale国计民生 national interest and people’s livelihood国家对个人其他支出 other government outlays to individuals 国家风险 country risk国际分工 international division of labor国际收支 balance of payments国有独资商业银行 wholly state—owned commercial banks国有经济（部门) the state-owned(or public）sector国有企业 state-owned enterprises（SOEs）国有制 state-ownership国有资产流失 erosion of state assets国债回购 government securities repurchase国债一级自营商 primary underwriters of government securities 过度竞争 excessive competition过度膨胀 excessive expansionH合理预期 rational expectation核心资本 core capital合资企业 joint—venture enterprises红利 dividend宏观经济运营良好 sound macroeconomic performance宏观经济基本状况 macroeconomic fundamentals宏观调控 macroeconomic management（or adjustment）宏观调控目标 macroeconomic objectives（or targets）坏账 bad debt还本付息 debt service换汇成本 unit export cost;local currency cost of export earnings 汇兑在途 funds in float汇兑支出 advance payment of remittance by the beneficiary's bank 汇率并轨 unification of exchange rates活期存款 demand deposits汇率失调 exchange rate misalignment混合所有制 diversified（mixed）ownership货币政策态势 monetary policy stance货款拖欠 overdue obligations to suppliers过热J基本建设投资 investment in infrastructure基本经济要素 economic fundamentals基本适度 broadly appropriate基准利率 benchmark interest rate机关团体存款 deposits of non-profit institutions机会成本 opportunity cost激励机制 incentive mechanism积压严重 heavy stockpile;excessive inventory挤提存款 run on banks挤占挪用 unwarranted diversion of（financial）resources(from designated uses)技改投资 investment in technological upgrading技术密集型产品 technology—intensive product计划单列市 municipalities with independent planning status计划经济 planned economy集体经济 the collective sector加大结构调整力度 to intensify structural adjustment加工贸易 processing trade加快态势 accelerating trend加强税收征管稽查 to enhance tax administration加权价 weighted average price价格放开 price liberalization价格形成机制 pricing mechanism减亏 to reduce losses简化手续 to cut red tape；to simplify（streamline）procedures交投活跃 brisk trading缴存准备金 to deposit required reserves结构扭曲 structural distortion结构失调 structural imbalance结构性矛盾突出 acute structural imbalance结构优化 structural improvement（optimization）结汇、售汇 sale and purchase of foreign exchange金融脆弱 financial fragility金融动荡 financial turbulence金融风波 financial disturbance金融恐慌 financial panic金融危机 financial crisis金融压抑 financial repression金融衍生物 financial derivatives金融诈骗 financial fraud紧缩银根 to tighten monetary policy紧缩政策 austerity policies;tight financial policies经常账户可兑换 current account convertibility经济特区 special economic zones（SEZs）经济体制改革 economic reform经济增长方式的转变 change in the main source of economic growth（from investment expansion to efficiency gains）经济增长减速 economic slowdown;moderation in economic growth经济制裁 economic sanction经营自主权 autonomy in management景气回升 recovery in business activity境外投资 overseas investment竞争加剧 intensifying competition局部性金融风波 localized（isolated）financial disturbance迹象 signs of overheatingK开办人民币业务 to engage in RMB business可维持（可持续)经济增长 sustainable economic growth可变成本 variable cost可自由兑换货币 freely convertible currency控制现金投放 control currency issuance扣除物价因素 in real terms;on inflation-adjusted basis库存产品 inventory跨国银行业务 cross-border banking跨年度采购 cross—year procurement会计准则 accounting standardL来料加工 processing of imported materials for export离岸银行业务 off-shore banking（business）理顺外贸体制 to rationalize foreign trade regime利率杠杆的调节作用 the role of interest rates in resource allocation利润驱动 profit-driven利息回收率 interest collection ratio联行清算 inter—bank settlement连锁企业 franchise（businesses）;chain businesses良性循环 virtuous cycle两极分化 growing income disparity;polarization in income distribution 零售物价指数 retail price index（RPI）流动性比例 liquidity ratio流动资产周转率/流通速度 velocity of liquid assets流动资金贷款 working capital loans流通体制 distribution system流通网络 distribution network留购(租赁期满时承租人可购买租赁物） hire purchase垄断行业 monopolized industry(sector）乱集资 irregular（illegal）fund raising乱收费 irregular（illegal）charges乱摊派 unjustified（arbitrary）leviesM买方市场 buyer's market卖方市场 seller’s market卖出回购证券 matched sale of repo贸易差额 trade balance民间信用 non-institutionalized credit免二减三 exemption of income tax for the first two years ofmaking profit and 50% tax reduction for thefollowing three years明补 explicit subsidy明亏 explicit loss名牌产品 brand products母国(请见“东道国”) home countryN内部控制 internal control内部审计 internal audit内地与香港 the mainland and Hong Kong内债 domestic debt扭亏为盈 to turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one扭曲金融分配 distorted allocation of financial resources农副产品采购支出 outlays for agricultural procurement农村信用社 rural credit cooperatives(RCCs）P泡沫效应 bubble effect泡沫经济 bubble economy培育新的经济增长点 to tap new sources of economic growth片面追求发展速度 excessive pursuit of growth平衡发展 balanced development瓶颈制约 bottleneck（constraints）平稳回升 steady recovery铺底流动资金 initial（start-up）working capital普遍回升 broad—based recovery配套改革 concomitant（supporting）reforms配套人民币资金 lQ企业办社会 enterprises burdened with social responsibilities企业集团战略 corporate group strategy企业兼并重组 company merger and restructuring企业领导班子 enterprise management企业所得税 enterprise（corporate）income tax企业效益 corporate profitability企业资金违规流入股市 irregular flow of enterprise funds into the stock market欠税 tax arrears欠息 overdue interest强化税收征管 to strengthen tax administration强制措施 enforcement action翘尾因素 carryover effect切一刀 partial application清理收回贷款 clean up and recover loans(破产）清算 liquidation倾斜政策 preferential policy区别对待 differential treatment趋势加强 intensifying trend全球化 globalization权益回报率 returns on equity(ROE)缺乏后劲 unsustainable momentumR绕规模贷款 to circumvent credit ceiling人均国内生产总值 per capita GDP人均收入 per capita income人民币升值压力 upward pressure on the Renminbi(exchange rate）认缴资本 subscribed capital软贷款 soft loans软预算约束 soft budget constraint软着陆 soft landingocal currency funding of…W外部审计 external audit外国直接投资 foreign direct investment （FDI）外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves外汇调剂 foreign exchange swap外汇占款the RMB counterpart of foreign exchange reserves;the RMB equivalent of offcial foreign exchange holdings外向型经济 export—oriented economy外债 external debt外资企业 foreign-funded enterprises完善现代企业制度 to improve the modern enterprise system完税凭证 tax payment documentation违法经营 illegal business委托存款 entrusted deposits稳步增长 steady growth稳健的银行系统 a sound banking system稳中求进 to make progress while ensuring stability无纸交易 book-entry（or paperless/scriptless）transaction物价监测 price monitoringX吸纳流动性 to absorb liquidity稀缺经济 scarcity economy洗钱 money laundering系统内调度 fund allocation within a bank系统性金融危机 systemic financial crisis下岗工人 laid-off employees下游企业 down—stream enterprises现场稽核 on-site examination现金滞留（居民手中） cash held outside the banking system乡镇企业 township and village enterprises（TVEs）消费物价指数 consumer price index（CPI）消费税 excise（consumption)tax消灭财政赤字 to balance the budget；to eliminate fiscal deficit销货款回笼 reflow of corporate sales income to the banking system销售平淡 lackluster sales协议外资金额 committed amount of foreign investment新经济增长点 new sources of economic growth新开工项目 new projects;newly started projects新增贷款incremental credit; loan increment；credit growth; credit expansion新增就业位置 new jobs;new job opportunities信贷规模考核 review the compliance with credit ceilings信号失真 distorted signals信托投资公司 trust and investment companies信息不对称 information asymmetry信息反馈 feedback(information）信息共享系统 information sharing system信息披露 information disclosure信用扩张 credir expansion信用评级 credit rating姓“资”还是姓“社” pertaining to socialism or capitalism；socialist orcaptialist行政措施 administrative measures需求膨胀 demand expansion； excessive demand虚伪存款 window-dressing deposits削减冗员 to shed excess labor force寻租 rent seeking迅速反弹 quick reboundY养老基金 pension fund一刀切 universal application;non-discretionary implementation一级市场 primary market应收未收利息 overdue interest银行网点 banking outlets赢利能力 profitability营业税 business tax硬贷款（商业贷款) commercial loans用地审批 to grant land use right有管理的浮动汇率 managed floating exchange rate证券投资 portfolio investment游资（热钱） hot money有市场的产品 marketable products有效供给 effective supply诱发新一轮经济扩张 trigger a new round of economic expansion逾期贷款 overdue loans；past-due loans与国际惯例接轨 to become compatible with internationally accepted与国际市场接轨 to integrate with the world market预算外支出（收入） off—budget (extra—budgetary） expenditure（revenue）预调 pre-emptive adjustment月环比 on a month-on-month basis； on a monthly basisZ再贷款 central bank lending在国际金融机构储备头寸reserve position in international financial institutions在人行存款 deposits at （with) the central bank在途资金 fund in float增加农业投入 to increase investment in agriculture增势减缓 deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum增收节支措施 revenue—enhancing and expenditure control measures增长平稳 steady growth增值税 value—added tax(VAT）涨幅偏高 higher-than—desirable growth rate；excessive growth账外账 concealed accounts折旧 depreciation整顿 retrenchment；consolidation政策工具 policy instrument政策性业务 policy-related operations政策性银行 policy banks政策组合 policy mix政府干预 government intervention证券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions证券业务占款 funding of securities purchase支付困难 payment difficulty支付能力 payment capacity直接调控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments 间接调控方式转变职能转换 transformation of functions职业道德 professional ethics指令性措施 mandatory measures指令性计划 mandatory plan;administered plan制定和实施货币政策 to conduct monetary policy；to formulate and implement monetary policy滞后影响 lagged effect中介机构 intermediaries中央与地方财政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities分灶吃饭重点建设 key construction projects；key investment project周期谷底 bottom（trough)of business cycle周转速度 velocity主办银行 main bank主权风险 sovereign risk注册资本 registered capital逐步到位 to phase in;phased implementation逐步取消 to phase out抓大放小 to seize the big and free the small（to maintain close oversighton the large state—ownedenterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition)专款专用 use of funds as ear—marked转贷 on-lending转轨经济 transition economy转机 turnaround转折关头 turning point准财政赤字 quasi—fiscal deficit准货币 quasi-money资本不足 under—capitalized资本充足率 capital adequacy ratio资本利润率 return on capital资本账户可兑换 capital account convertibility资不抵债 insolvent；insolvency资产负债表 balance sheet资产负债率 liability/asset ratio;ratio of liabilities to assets资产集中 asset concentration资产贡献率 asset contribution factor资产利润率 return on assets (ROA）资产质量 asset quality资产组合 asset portfolio资金成本 cost of funding;cost of capital；financing cost资金到位 fully funded （project）资金宽裕 to have sufficient funds资金利用率 fund utilization rate资金缺口 financing gap资金体外循环 financial disintermediation资金占压 funds tied up自筹投资项目 self-financed projects自有资金 equity fund综合国力 overall national strength(often measured by GDP）综合效益指标 overall efficiency indicator综合治理 comprehensive adjustment（retrenchment）；over—haul 总成交额 total contract value总交易量 total amount of transactions总成本 total cost最后贷款人 lender of last resort。
金融术语中英对照
金融术语中英对照安全网 safety按可比口径 on parable basis按轻重缓急 to prioritize暗补 implicit subsidy暗亏 hidden loss颁发营业执照 to license; to grant a license to办理存款业务 to take deposits保护农民的生产积极性 to protect farmers incentive to produce备付金(超额准备金)excess reserves本外币并账consolidation of domestic and foreign currency accounts本外币对冲操作 sterilization operation本位利益 localized interest; departmentalism奔小康 to strive to prosper; to strive to bee well-to-do避税(请见逃税) tax avoidance币种搭配不当 currency mismatch币种构成 currency position变相社会集资 disguised irregular (or illegal) fund raising表外科目(业务)off-balance-sheet items (operation) 薄弱环节 weaknesses; loopholes不变成本 fixed cost不变价 at constant price; in real terms不动产 real estate不良贷款(资产)problem loans; non-performing loans (assets)从价税 ad valorem tax从紧控制 tight control存贷款比例 loan/deposit ratio存款保险体系 deposit insurance system存款货币银行 deposit money banks存款准备金 required reserves财务公司 finance panies财政赤字 fiscal deficit财政挤银行 fiscal pressure on the central bank (over moary policy)财政政策与货币政策的配合 coordination of fiscal and moary policies采取循序渐进的方法 in a phased and sequenced manner操作弹性 operational flexibility操纵汇率 to manipulate exchange rate产品构成 product position; product mix产品积压 stock pile; excessive inventory产销率 current period inventory; (即期库存，不含前期库存)sales/output ratio产销衔接 marketability产业政策 industrial policy长期国债 treasury bonds敞口头寸 open position炒股 to speculate in the stock market承购包销 underwrite(securities)成套机电产品 plete sets of equipment; pleteplant(s)城市信用社 urban credit cooperatives (UCCs)城市合作银行 urban cooperative banks; municipal united banks城市商业银行 municipal mercial banks城乡居民收入增长超过物价涨幅 real growth in household ine持续升温 persistent overheating重复布点 duplicate projects重置成本 replacement cost重组计划 restructuring plan筹资渠道 funding sources; financing channels初见成效 initial success出口统一管理、归口经营 canalization of exports 出口退税 export tax rebate储蓄存款 household deposits (不完全等同于西方的savings deposits，前者包括活期存款，后者不包括。
金融行业中英文词汇对照汇总
金融行业中英文词汇对照汇总在金融行业中，掌握和了解中英文词汇的对照非常重要。
本文将汇总一些常见的金融行业词汇，以便读者可以更好地理解和运用这些术语。
1. 金融市场•Financial Market（金融市场）•Stock Market（股票市场）•Bond Market（债券市场）•Foreign Exchange Market（外汇市场）•Commodity Market（商品市场）•Derivatives Market（衍生品市场）2. 金融产品•Stocks（股票）•Bonds（债券）•Mutual Funds（共同基金）•ETFs (Exchange-Traded Funds)（交易所交易基金）•Options（期权）•Futures（期货）•Swaps（掉期协议）•Currencies（货币）•Commodities（商品）3. 金融机构•Bank（银行）•Commercial Bank（商业银行）•Investment Bank（投资银行）•Central Bank（中央银行）•Insurance Company（保险公司）•Brokerage Firm（经纪公司）•Asset Management Company（资产管理公司）4. 财务指标•Net Income（净利润）•Revenue（营业收入）•Expenses（费用）•Assets（资产）•Liabilities（负债）•Equity（股东权益）•Return on Investment（投资回报率）•Profit Margin（利润率）•Cash Flow（现金流）•Earnings per Share（每股收益）5. 金融服务•Banking Services（银行服务）•Investment Services（投资服务）•Insurance Services（保险服务）•Financial Planning（财务规划）•Wealth Management（财富管理）•Risk Management（风险管理）•Retirement Planning（退休规划）•Tax Services（税务服务）6. 金融专业名词•Economics（经济学）•Finance（金融学）•Accounting（会计学）•Portfolio Management（投资组合管理）•Asset Allocation（资产配置）•Risk Assessment（风险评估）•Hedge Fund（对冲基金）•Interest Rate（利率）•Inflation（通胀）•Capital（资本）7. 国际金融相关词汇•International Monetary Fund（国际货币基金组织）•World Bank（世界银行）•Export（出口）•Import（进口）•Balance of Trade（贸易差额）•Foreign Direct Investment（外国直接投资）•Exchange Rate（汇率）•Trade Surplus（贸易顺差）•Trade Deficit（贸易逆差）•Sovereign Debt（主权债务）以上仅为一些常见的金融行业中英文词汇对照，读者可以根据需要进一步扩充和学习。
(完整word版)金融术语中英文对照(word文档良心出品)
Back-door listing 借壳上市Back-end load 撤离费；后收费用Back office 后勤办公室Back to back FX agreement 背靠背外汇协议Balance of payments 国际收支平衡；收支结余Balance of trade 贸易平衡Balance sheet 资产负债表Balance sheet date 年结日Balloon maturity 到期大额偿还Balloon payment 期末大额偿还Bank, Banker, Banking 银行；银行家；银行业国际结算银行Bank forInternational Settlements(BIS)Bankruptcy 破产Base day 基准日Base rate 基准利率Basel Capital Accord 巴塞尔资本协议Basis Point (BP) 基点；点子一个基点等如一个百分点（%）的百分之一。
举例：25个基点=0.25%Basis swap 基准掉期Basket of currencies 一揽子货币Basket warrant 一揽子备兑证Bear market 熊市；股市行情看淡Bear position 空仓；空头Bear raid 疯狂抛售Bearer 持票人Bearer stock 不记名股票Behind-the-scene 未开拓市场Below par 低于平值Benchmark 比较基准Benchmark mortgage pool 按揭贷款基准组合Beneficiary 受益人Bermudan option 百慕大期权百慕大期权介乎美式与欧式之间，持有人有权在到期日前的一个或多个日期执行期权。
Best practice 最佳做法；典范做法Beta (Market beta) 贝他(系数)；市场风险指数Bid 出价；投标价；买盘指由买方报出表示愿意按此水平买入的一个价格。
金融术语中英对照（附中文释义）
金融术语中英对照（附中文释义）American Style Option：美式选择权自选择权契约成立之日起，至到期日之前，买方可以在此期间以事先约定的价格，随时要求选择权的卖方履行契约。
亦即，要求选择权的卖方依契约条件买入或卖出交易标的物。
Appreciation: 升值在外汇市场中，升值使指一个货币相对于另一个货币的价值增加。
Arbitrage: 套利在金融市场从事交易时，利用市场的失衡状况来进行交易，以获取利润的操作方式。
其主要操作方法有两种：一为利用同一产品，在不同市场的价格差异;一为利用在同一市场中各种产品的价格差异来操作。
不论是采用何种方法来进行套利交易，其产品或市场的风险程度必须是相等的。
Asset Allocation: 资产分配原则基于风险分散原则，资金经理在评估其资金需求，经营绩效与风险程度之后，将所持有的资产分散投资于各类型的金融产品中。
如股票、外汇、债券、贵金属、房地产、放款、定存等项，以求得收益与风险均衡的最适当资产组合(Optimum Assets Components).Asset/Liability Management(ALM): 资产负债管理由于金融机构的资产为各种放款及投资，而负债主要为各种存款，费用收入、或投资人委托之资金。
因此资产负债管理的目的，即在于使银行以有限的资金，在兼顾安全性(Safty)、流动性(Liquidity)、获利性(Profitability)及分散性(Diversification)的情况下，进行最适当的资产与负债的分配(Asset Allocation)。
At The Money: 评价选择权交易中，履行价格等于远期价格时称之为评价。
Bear Market: 空头市场(熊市)在金融市场中，若投资人认为交易标的物价格会下降，便会进行卖出该交易标的物的操作策略。
因交易者在卖出补回前，其手中并未持有任何交易标的物，故称为：“空头”。
所谓空头市场就是代表大部分的市场参与者皆不看好后市的一种市场状态。
金融术语中英文对照
Back to back FX agreement背靠背外汇协 议 Balance of payments 国际收支平衡；收支结 余Back-door listingBack-end loadBack office借壳上 市 撤离费；后收费 用 后勤办公 室Balance of trade Balance sheetBalance sheet date Balloon maturity Balloon payment Bank, Banker, Banking Bank forInternational Settlements (BIS)BankruptcyBase dayBase rateBasel Capital Accord Basis Point (BP)Basis swapBasket of currencies Basket warrantBear marketBear positionBear raidBearerBearer stockBehind-the-sceneBelow parBenchmark Benchmark mortgage pool Beneficiary贸易平衡资产负债表年结日到期大额偿还期末大额偿还银行；银行家；银行业国际结算银行破产基准日基准利率巴塞尔资本协议基点；点子一个基点等如一个百分点（举例： 25个基点=0.25% 基准掉期一揽子货币一揽子备兑证熊市；股市行情看淡空仓；空头疯狂抛售持票人不记名股票未开拓市场低于平值比较基准按揭贷款基准组合受益人%）的百分之一Bermudan option百慕大期权百慕大期权介乎美式与欧式之间，持有人有权在到期日前的一个或多个日期执行期权。
Best practice 最佳做法；典范做法Beta (Market beta)贝他（系数）；市场风险指数Bid出价；投标价；买盘指由买方报出表示愿意按此水平买入的一个价格。
Big Band 金融改革Bill of exchange 汇票Bills department 押汇部Binary 二元制；二进法（只有两个可能的结果）Binary option二元期权又称数字期权或非全有即全无期权。
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金融术语中英对照(doc 9页)内容大纲：外汇与汇率* 通汇合约Agency Agreement* 通汇银行Correspondent Bank* 商业汇票Commercial Bill of Exchange* 银行支票Banker’s Check* 国外汇票Foreign Bill of Exchange* 关键货币Key Currency：是指国际上普遍接受的，该国国际收支中使用最多，外汇储备中占比最大的自由外汇。
目前来说，美元、欧元、日元为大多数国家的关键货币。
* 汇率Exchange Rate* 直接标价法Direct Quotation* 间接标价法Indirect Quotation* 汇价点Point* 买入汇率Buying Rate* 卖出汇率Selling Rate* 中间汇率Medial Rate：买入汇率与卖出汇率的平均数就称为中间汇率。
中间汇率常用来对汇率进行分析，例如，传媒为了方便人们参与外汇买卖，掌握外汇买卖行情，其报道的汇率多为中间汇率。
我国用于结算本国贸易与非贸易的从属费用的结算也采用外汇牌价的中间汇率，套算汇率也是用有关货币的中间汇率套算出来的。
* 现钞汇率Bank Note Rate* 即期汇率Spot Rate* 远期汇率Forward Rate* 基本汇率Basic Rate* 套算汇率Cross Rate* 固定汇率Fixed Rate* 浮动汇率Floating Rate* 可调整的钉住Adjustable Peg* 单一汇率Single Rate：“复汇率”的对称，凡是一国对外仅有一个汇率，各种不同来源与用途的收付均按此计算，或本币对各种外币的既期外汇交易的买卖价不超过2%者，既称为单一汇率。
* 复汇率Multiple Rate* 贸易汇率Commercial Rate：专门用于进出口贸易货价及从属费用的计价、交易、结算和结汇的汇率。
实行贸易汇率，主要是为了推动本国出口贸易的发展，改善国际收支状况。
* 金融汇率Financial Rate：金融汇率又称非贸易汇率，是指用于国际资金流动、国际旅旅业及其他国际间非贸易性收支的计算和结汇时所使用的汇率。
金融汇率适用于资金的移动及旅游，它根据市场供求关系自由波动，中央银行一般不予维持。
* 交叉汇率Cross Rate* 远期差额Forward Margin：即期汇率与远期汇率之间存在一差额，即远期差额。
远期差额的表示方法有:升水、贴水、平价* 升水Premium* 贴水Discount* 平价At Par：如果远期汇率与即期汇率相等，则没有升水和贴水，称作平价。
* 固定汇率制度Fixed Exchange Rate System* 金本位Gold Standard* 纸币Paper Money* 贴现率Discount Rate* 浮动汇率制度Floating Exchange Rate System* 自由浮动汇率Freely Floating Exchange Rate：又称不干预浮动汇率制度，是指货币当局对汇率上下浮动不采取任何干预措施，完全听任外汇市场的供求变化自由涨落的一种浮动汇率制度。
与受官方管制的有管理的浮动汇率制或爬行钉住汇率制不同。
* 管理浮动汇率Managed Floating Exchange Rate：又称干预浮动汇率制度，是指货币当局采取各种方式干预外汇市场，使汇率水平与货币当局的目标保持一致的一种浮动汇率制度。
两者的区别在于货币当局是否干预汇率水平。
实际上，目前各主要工业国都干预汇率水平，绝对的自由浮动纯粹是理论上的假设而已。
* 单独浮动汇率Single Floating Exchange Rate：指一国货币不与其它任何货币固定汇率，其汇率根据市场外汇供求关系来决定的制度。
* 联合浮动汇率Joint Floating Exchange Rate：指国家集团对成员国内部货币实行固定汇率，对集团外货币则实行联合的浮动汇率的制度。
* 钉住汇率制Pegged Exchange Rate* 区域性货币一体化Regional Monetary Integration* 欧洲货币体系European Monetary System (EMS)* 欧洲货币单位Eutopean Currency Unit (ECU)外汇交易* 即期外汇交易Spot Exchange Transaction* 远期外汇交易Forward Exchange Transaction* 交割日固定的远期外汇交易Fixed Maturity Forward Transaction：又称固定交割日的远期交易（Fixed Maturity Date Forward Transaction），即交易双方事先约定在未来某个确定的日期办理货币收付的远期外汇交易。
* 选择交割日的远期交易(择期交易) Optional Forward Transaction：指主动请求交易的一方可在成交日的第三天起至约定的期限内的任何一个营业日，要求交易的另一方，按照双方事先约定的远期汇率办理货币收付的远期外汇交易。
* 掉期交易Swap Transaction* 即期对远期掉期Spot-Forward Swap* 即期对即期掉期Spot-Spot Swap* 远期对远期掉期Forward-Forward Swap* 地点套汇Space Arbitrage* 直接套汇(两角套汇) Direct Arbitrage (Two Points Arbitrage)* 间接套汇(三角套汇) Indirect Arbitrage (Three Points Arbitrage)* 时间套汇Time Arbitrage* 现代套汇交易Cash Against Currency Future* 套利Interest Arbitrage* 非抵补套利Uncovered Arbitrage：又称不抵补套利（uncovered interest arbitrage）指把资金从利率低的货币转向利率高的货币，从而谋取利率的差额收入。
这种交易不必同时进行反方向交易轧平头寸，但这种交易要承担高利率货币贬值的风险。
* 非抵补利差Uncovered Interest Differential* 抵补套利Covered Arbitrage：是指把资金调往高利率货币国家或地区的同时，在外汇市场上卖出远期高利率货币，即在进行套利的同时做掉期交易，以避免汇率风险。
实际上这就是套期保值，一般的套利保值交易多为抵补套利。
* 期货Futures* 期货交易Futures Transaction* 国际货币市场International Monetary Market (IMM)* 伦敦国际金融期货交易所London International Financial Futures Exchange (LIFFE)* “逐日盯市”制度Market-to-Market* 期权Options* 外汇期权Foreign Currency Options* 协议价格Strike Price：是指经甲乙双方协商同意，以合理成本费用加上合理的利润而构成的价格。
* 敲定价格Exercise Price：以按照看涨期权或看跌期权约定价格买进或卖出的价格。
又称履约价格。
* 期权费/权力金Premium* 期权到期日Expiration Date：到期日即是指期权合约所规定的，期权购买者可以实际执行该期权的最后日期。
* 美式期权American Options* 欧式期权European Options* 看涨期权(买权,买入期权) Call Options* 期权买方Call Buyer：买进期权合约的一方称期权买方。
买进期权未平仓者称为期权多头。
在期权交易中，期权买方在支付一笔较小的期权金之后，获得期权合约所赋予的在合约规定的特定时间内，按照事先确定的执行价格向期权卖方买进或卖出一定数量相关期货合约的权利。
期权买方只有权利，没有义务。
* 期权卖方Call Seller/Writer：卖出期权合约的一方称期权卖方。
卖出期权未平仓者称为期权空头。
在期权交易中，期权卖方在收取期权买方的期权金之后，负有在期权合约规定的特定时间内，只要期权买方要求执行期权，期权卖方必须按照事先确定的执行价格向期权买方买进或卖出一定数量相关期货合约的义务。
期权卖方只有义务，没有权利。
期权交易中，买卖双方的权利、义务是不对等的。
买方支付权利金后，获得买进或卖出的权利，而不负有必须买进或卖出的义务。
卖方收取权利金后，负有应买方要求，必须买进或卖出的义务，而没有不买或不卖的权利。
* 看跌期权(卖权,卖出期权) Put Options* 期权费(期权权利金,保险费) Premium：期权费就是期权的价格，由于期权提高灵活的选择权，对购买者十分有利，同时也意外着对卖出者不利，因而卖出者必须制定合理的期权费才能保证自己不会亏损。
在国外成熟的期权市场上，期权的流动性很高，有专门的定价方法，常用的有black-scholes公式。
* 期权保证金Margins* 期权内在价值Intrinsic value* 价内期权In the Money：指执行价格与基础工具的现行远期市场价格相比较为有利的期权。
期权越是处于价内，其内在价值和价格就越高。
随着期权越来越深入价内，其Delta值将上升，期权在利润和损失方面的表现也与基础工具越来越相似。
因此，深入价内的期权的Delta值接近于1。
* 价外期权Out of the Money：是指期权的行使价格高于股票的当前价格。
* 平价期权At the Money：是指执行价格与个人外汇买卖实时价格相同的期权。
* 期权时间价值Time value：指的就是未来转换期权的期望价值，跟转股的剩馀期限、股票价格的历史波动率、以及当前股票价格的高低有关：转股剩馀时间越长、价格变动越大、期权时间价值越高；股票波动率越大、期权时间价值越高；股价过高或过低，期权时间价值越低对基础证券价格波动程度的测量，利用每日价格变化的标准偏差来计算。
* 易变性Volatility：对基础证券价格波动程度的测量，利用每日价格变化的标准偏差来计算。
一段时间内，市场或价格变动的统计测算方法，采用标准偏移法进行计算。
与高易变性相关的是高风险度。
国际收支* 国际收支Balance of Payments* 国际货币基金组织International Monetary Fund* 国际收支平衡Balance of Payments Statement：国际收支的收支相等称为国际收支平衡，否则为不平衡。
* 经常项目Current Account：它反映本国与外国交往中经常发生的项目，包括贸易收支(也就是通常的进出口)、劳务收支(如：运输、港口、通讯和旅游等)和单方面转移(如：侨民汇款、无偿援助和捐赠、国际组织收支等)。