基于单片机的温湿度检测

编号：

审定成绩：毕业设计（论文）

设计（论文）题目：基于单片机的温湿度检测

学院名称：自动化学院

学生姓名：

专业：测控技术与仪器

班级：

学号：

指导教师：

答辩组负责人：

填表时间：2011 年5月

摘要

随着科学技术的快速发展，人类社会取得了很大的进步。在生活、工农业生产、气象、环保、国防、科研、航天等部门，经常需要对环境中的温湿度进行测量及控制。本检测仪采用技术成熟的DHT11和 DS18B20作为测量湿度和温度的传感器的一个智能化的温湿度测量装置。DHT11数字温湿度传感器是一款含有已校准数字信号输出的温湿度复合传感器。传感器包括一个电阻式感湿元件和一个NTC测温元件，并与一个高性能8位单片机相连接。它应用专用的数字模块采集技术和温湿度传感技术，确保产品具有极高的可靠性与卓越的长期稳定性。控制芯片采用技术成熟，价位低廉的STC89C51单片机。LED显示电路,报警电路都由STC89C51单片机控制。最后设计了检测仪各个功能部分的软件程序。由本设计课题做成的温湿度检测系统结构简单、价格便宜、量程宽，具有较高的可靠性、安全性及实用性。

【关键词】STC89C51单片机 DHT11数字温湿度传感器DS18B20温度传感器LED显示

ABSTRACT

With the development of science and technology, human society has achieved great progress! In the life that occupy the home, industry, agriculture, national defense, weather, environmental protection and scientific research departments, such as aerospace, often need to the environment humidity and temperature measurement and control. The detector of an intelligent humidity measuring device. The Detector adopts the technology DHT11 and DS18B20 as measuring the humidity and temperature sensor and temperature sensor. Each DHT11 sensors are accurate calibration of humidity in calibration. It uses a dedicated digital modules and acquisition of temperature and humidity sensor technology to ensure that products with high reliability and excellent long-term stability。Detector chip adopt mature technology, powerful, price cheap popular STC89C51. LED display circuit, alarm circuit controlled by STC89C51. Finally the design of the system software program each function. By this design task to make the temperature and humidity of the detection detector structure is simple, cheap price, wide range, high reliability, safety and practicality.

【Key words】STC89C51 DHT11 DS18B20 LED

目录

摘要 .............................................................................................................................................. I ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................................... II 前言 ......................................................................................................................................... - 1 - 第一章概述................................................................................................................................ - 2 - 第一节温湿度基本概念.................................................................................................... - 2 - 第二节温湿度检测的目的及意义.................................................................................... - 3 - 第二章电路设计........................................................................................................................ - 5 - 第一节电路总体设计........................................................................................................ - 5 -

一、单片机系统总体设计.......................................................................................... - 5 -

二、单片机简介.......................................................................................................... - 6 -

第二节各模块电路设计.................................................................................................... - 7 -

一、电源电路设计...................................................................................................... - 7 -

二、温度检测电路设计.............................................................................................. - 7 -

三、湿度检测电路设计.............................................................................................. - 9 -

四、显示电路设计.................................................................................................... - 10 -

五、时钟电路设计.................................................................................................... - 12 -

六、复位电路设计.................................................................................................... - 13 -

七．报警电路设计.................................................................................................... - 13 - 第三章本章小结.............................................................................................................. - 14 - 第三章软件设计.................................................................................................................... - 15 - 第一节主程序设计.......................................................................................................... - 15 - 第二节DS18B20的模块程序设计.................................................................................... - 16 -

一、DS18B20工作原理........................................................................................... - 16 -

二、DS18B20的工作时序....................................................................................... - 16 -

三、温度检测程序流程............................................................................................ - 18 -

四、显示模块编程.................................................................................................... - 18 -

第三节 DHT11程序设计................................................................................................... - 19 -

一、DHT11的检测原理........................................................................................... - 19 -

二、湿度检测原理.................................................................................................... - 20 -

三、湿度检测的程序框图........................................................................................ - 22 -

第四节本章小结.............................................................................................................. - 23 - 第四章温湿度测系统测试................................................................................................ - 24 - 第一节软硬件调试........................................................................................................ - 24 -

一、keil简介............................................................................................................. - 24 -

二、软件的调试过程................................................................................................ - 25 -

第二节本章小结.............................................................................................................. - 27 - 结论 ........................................................................................................................................... - 28 - 致谢 .............................................................................................................. 错误!未定义书签。参考文献.................................................................................................................................... - 30 - 附录 ....................................................................................................................................... - 31 -

一、英文原文：........................................................................................................ - 31 -

二、英文翻译：........................................................................................................ - 36 -