研究生学位英语考试真题+答案
研究生英语学位考试真题及答案
研究生英语学位考试真题及答案Part I Listening ComprehensionSection A (1 Point each)1. A. His paper has been published with the help of his adviser.B. His paper has won an award with the help of his adviser.C. His paper has been revised by his adviser.D. His paper has got the approval from his adviser.2. A. Tom is terribly ill. B. Tom is in low spirits.C. Tom is bad-tempered.D. Tom is nervous at the moment3. A. He saw his boss in person for the first time.B. He is now complaining in a different way.C. He has made his boss change his attitude.D. He has changed his opinion of his boss.4. A. He was not fond of the concert.B. He didn't like the tea offered at the concert.C. He left early to have some tea with somebody else.D. He doesn't want to tell the woman why he was not there.5. A. He always looks down upon others.B. He always lowers the value of others.C. He always judges people by their appearanceD. He is always reluctant to take newcomers.6. A. She is always stupid. B. She is always concentrated.C. She is always careless.D. She is always absent-minded.7. A. She wants to leave a way out. B. She doesn't trust her boss.C. She wants to repay her boss.D. She wants to stay with her boss as long as possible8. A. She should let her daughter decide.B. She should choose what the teacher is interested in.C. She should make the same choice as the other parents.D. She should choose what she is interested in.9. A. She felt very cold because of the weather. B. She was frightened by the scene.C. She sent the two boys to the hospital.D. She went to help the injured immediately. Mini-talk one10. A. He went mountain climbing. B. He went camping.C. He went to a party:D. He went to a concert.11. A. He was lost in the forest. B. He was caught in a natural disaster.C. He was woken up in the middle of the night.D. He burned his dinner.12. A. Because it was too noisy. B. Because he wanted to join the party.C. Because he was too tired.D. Because he turned on some music.Mini-talk Two13. A. They may be overweight. B. They may earn less money.C. The may suffer from serious diseases.D. They may have lasting damage in their brain.14. A. Improving children's nutrition in their country.B. Providing their people with cleaner conditions.C. Improving health care for their people.D. Providing their people with better education.15. A. Preschool period. B. Teenage period.C. Between birth and 15 years old.D. Between pregnancy and two years old.Section C (1 point each)16. "Facebook" and "MySpace" are some of the most popular blog sites for_______________.17. Blogs offer young people a place to show their writings and ______________.18. Personal information puts teenagers at risk of being sought out by dangerous people who ______.19. When teenagers include information on their blogs that can be seen as a threat to others they can ___________________.20. Parents are advised to read their children's blogs to make sure they are not giving out__________.PART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points )Section A (0.5 point each)21. The city was virtually paralyzed by the transit strike for better wages.A. subjectivelyB. imaginablyC. positivelyD. practically22. In spite of the taxing business schedule, he managed to take some time off for exercise.A. imposingB. demandingC. compulsoryD. temporary23. The court held the parents accountable for the minor child's acts of violence.A. responsible forB. indifferent toC. desperate forD. involved in24.The visitors were impressed by the facilities planned and programmed in terms of their interrelationships.A. in units ofB. with reference toC. in aspects ofD. on condition of25. "There is a weird power in a spoken word," Joseph Conrad once said.A. mightyB. prospectiveC. oddD. formidable26. Poverty and inadequate health care take their toll on the quality of a community's health.A. destructionB. contributionC. chargeD. origin27. This old man had trouble expressing the attachment he felt when arriving at his native town.A. hospitalityB. affection C: appeal D. frustration28. If you become reconciled to your lot, you will never get a new start in life.A. submissiveB. resistantC. tolerableD. committed29. The little girl felt increasingly uneasy while waiting for hermother at the bus-stop.A. difficultB. excitedC. relievedD. restless30. A high official is likely to win respect and trust if he can stick to his principles.A. turn toB. add toC. keep toD. lead toSection B (0.5 point each)31. To achieve sustainable development, the of resources is assuming new importance.A. conservationB. reservationC. exhaustionD. devastation32. The sale of alcoholic beverages is ________ to those above21 in some regions.A. confinedB. inhibitedC. obligedD. restricted33. The importance of protecting rainforests from human invasion is increasingly realized by developing anddeveloped countries_______.A. bothB. eitherC. alikeD. apart34. Before the 1980s, the idea of health insurance was quite _______ to those living in the mainland of China.A. overseasB. abroadC. foreignD. offshore35. The government is expected to make new legislations to ______ foreign investment in real estate.A. manipulateB. regulateC. dominateD. prevail36. Despite the suspect's ________to be innocent, there is compelling evidence that he was involved.A. convictionB. assertionC. accusationD. speculation37. For many countries, being part of a global supply chain is like striking oil -- oil that may never ____.A. run outB. work outC. turn outD. call out38. Having been an office secretary for some years, she always _______chores in a responsible way.A. goes onB. goes forC. goes withoutD. goes about39. Without clear guidelines ______, executives of hospitals are sometimes at a loss about what to do.A. in orderB. in placeC. in needD. in trouble40. The age of other trees is variously estimated as ______ from two hundred to eight hundred years.A. changingB. differingC. varyingD. rangingPART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)Every year, as the price of goods rises, the inflation refuses to (41) even from the high educational institutions.In the US, according to a 2005 survey by the College Board, (42) at state universities rose by an average of 7.1 percent annually, after a year when inflation grew much less. At private schools it was up 5.9 percent. The survey which (43) more than 3,000 colleges and universities did not provide clear reasons for the continued increases. It did say that the price of goods and services at universities have risen rapidly. Some of the fastest growth has been in employee health (44), and professional salaries.Living expenses on campus have also (45). At the university of Southern California student dining hall, a buffet meal cost $5.50 in 2004. But now it's $9. The US government often provides (46) assistance to students' lunch in primary and high schools, but these favorable policies usually don't (47) universities.Some students said the food on campus is sometimes even more expensive than that at restaurants (48) campus.To compensate the rise in tuition and living expenses, the federal and state governments (49) universities and private sources have provided (50) for students. Of all the full time undergraduates about 62 percent have a grant covering 30-50 percent of their tuition, according to the College Board.41. A. stay away B. stand out C. step down D. set off42. A. fares B. payment C. charges D. tuition43. A. attended B. covered C. included D. composed44. A. welfares B. advantages C. benefits D. goods45. A. rolled up B. gone up C. sat up D. taken up46. A. management B. economic C. policy D. financial47. A. apply to B. suit for C. adjust to D. gear for48. A. in B. to C. off D. over49. A. as well as B. the same as C. as far as D. such as50. A. grasps B. grains C. grounds D. grantsPART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)Passage OneDid your mum and dad go to university, or did they leave school and go straight to the Job Centre? The educational experience of parents is still important when it comes to how today's students choose an area of study and what to do after graduation, according to The Future-track research in the UK.The research was done by the Higher Education Careers Service Unit. It plans to follow university applicants for six years from 2006 through their early careers.The first year's findings come from a study of 130,000 university applicants. They show significant differences inprospective students' approach to higher education, depending on whether their parents got degrees (second-generation applicants) or didn't (first-generation applicants).First-generation applicants were more likely to say that their career and employment prospects were uppermost in their minds in deciding to go to university. About one-fifth of this group gave "to enable me to get a good job" as their main reason for choosing HE. And 37 percent said that a degree was "part of my career plan".A young person coming from a non-professional household where finances are stretched may find the idea of learning for its own sake to be a luxury. This explains the explosion in vocational courses.At Portsmouth University, first-year student Kim Burnett, 19, says that she specifically chose her degree in health research management and psychology to get a secure, well-paid job. Harriet Edge, 20, studying medicine at Manchester University, also wanted job security. Her parents lacked college degrees, though the fact that her uncle is a doctor appears to have influenced her choice."Medicine is one of those fields where it's pretty likely you'll get a job at the end. That's a big plus, as the debt levels after five years of study are going to be frightening," she says. Many experts believe that this situation affects those with no family tradition of higher education far more keenly. The fact that 26 percent of respondents said that they needed more advice implies that some students may end up feeling that their higher education investment was not worthwhile.For those with graduate parents, this lack of guidance may, the researchers suggest, be less of a problem. " But, for thosewithout the advantages, lack of access to career guidance before applying for higher education leaves them exposed to making poorer choices," the survey concludes.51. The main idea of the passage is that_________.A. parents' experiences are more important for their children's educationB. parents' careers are vitally important for their children's degreesC. students' approach to higher education correlates with their parents' educational experienceD. students' career and employment prospects are decided by their parents52. "HE" in the 4th paragraph probably refers to __________.A. health educationB. higher employmentC. Harriet EdgeD. higher education53. A young person coming from a non-professional household ____________.A. is less likely to get financial aid to go to universityB. is more likely to choose vocational educationC. may think learning for pleasure is a good ideaD. may choose to study for a professional degree54. In which of the following aspects do Kim Burnett and Harriet Edge have in common?A. They both chose their majors because of their family influence.B. They are both the first-year students in university.C. Both of their parents lack college degrees.D. Both of them chose degrees for job security.55. It is implied that ____________.A. the cost of a degree in medicine is very highB. higher education investment in medicine is not worthwhileC. a student without family medical tradition is less likely to choose medicineD. medicine is a field where every degree-holder can get a job56.Those with graduate parents may _________.A. make poorer choices when choosing their majorsB. make better choices when applying for higher educationC. not need career guidance before graduationD. have no problems in applying for a collegePassage TwoLast month, the public address system at Earl's Court subway station in London was ordered to get the noise down. Passengers, it seems, had had enough of being told the blindingly obvious: "Stand back or the train will run you over." "Don't lean on the doors." "Stand back from the opening doors." "Do this." "Don't do that."Bossiness is not just aural. It is also written. As a commuter, I'm continually bombarded by notices on car walls. "Please take your feet off the seat." "Please turn down your personal stereo." And when I drive past the local primary, a sign flashes: "School. Slow down!"The presumption behind these signs is that Britons must have everything spelled out because we are tow, uncivilized people who were raised by wolves.Britain didn't use to be so bossy. When I was a boy, for instance, the local cinema put a warning on screen before we settled down to watch. "Don't," it said, "make noises." In thosedays, long before mobile phones, it was the only bossiness we saw in the cinema. Since then, bossiness has become more commonplace. Television, that strongest guide to public morals and lifestyles in this country, is alive with dominant people. On screen, we see health experts holding some poor woman's breasts and demanding that she get in shape. Cooking programs tell us not to think of leaving toast crumbs on the kitchen table.There is no point in blaming TV for this new bossiness. We want to be bossed. We have behaved badly and now we yearn to feel the whip to correct us. On July 1, smoking will be banned in public places in England. My local government told churches in the area last week that no-smoking posters must be prominently displayed by church entrances.I love this: the governments are bossing people to make them more bossy. They are insisting that priests tell their congregations (教区的教民) what to do.My local government isn't the only source of bossiness. I find it everywhere. But the rise in bossiness does not seem to have been accompanied by a rise in socially well-adjusted behavior. In fact, the opposite. Perhaps this is because, if you feel as though you are treated with contempt, you will respond with the same.57. The case at Earl's Court subway station shows that _________.A. it is very noisy in public placesB. it is necessary to warn the passengers of their safetyC. people have realized the importance of public orderD. people have been tired of being bossed58. It is presumed that bossiness is everywhere because Britons__________.A. need to be bossed to behave themselvesB. want to be reminded of how to behave wellC. must have everything spelled outD. are raised in uncivilized society59. It is suggested in the passage that____________.A. now Britons behave much better than they did in the pastB. in the past Britons behaved much better than they do nowC. the dominant people on screen should be blamed for the new bossinessD. television has misguided the public morals and lifestyles in Britain60. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. Television should play a role in enhancing public morals.B. The local government has got involved in the church activities.C. The governments want to make themselves more authoritative by bossing people.D. The rise in bossiness has helped the improvement of people's behavior.61. The author writes this passage in a _________.A. funny toneB. criticizing toneC. friendly toneD. radical tone62. What is the appropriate title of this passage?A. British People Have Had Enough Bossiness AroundB. British People Want to Be BossedC. Bossiness in Great Britain: Its Past and PresentD. Bossiness in Great Britain Should Be IgnoredPassage ThreeIt began as just another research project, in this case to examine the effects of various drugs on patients with a severe mood disorder. Using an advanced brain scanning technology--the clumsily named echo-planar magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (磁共振光谱成像) procedure, or EP-MRSI--researchers at Boston's McLean Hospital scanned the medicated and un-medicated brains of 30 people with bipolar disorder in order to detect possible new treatments for the more than 2 million American adults who suffer from the disease.But something unexpected happened. A patient who had been so depressed that she could barely speak became ebullient after the 45-minute brain scan. Then a second patient, who seemed incapable of even a smile, emerged actually telling jokes. Then another and another. Was this some coincidence? Aimee Parow, the technician who made these observations didn't think so. She mentioned the patients' striking mood shifts to her boss and together they completely refocused the study: to see if the electromagnetic fields might actually have a curative effect on depressive mood.As it turns out, they did. As reported last month in the American Journal of Psychiatry, 23 of the 30 people who were part of the study reported feeling significantly less depressed after the scan. The most dramatic improvements were among those who were taking no medication. The researchers are cautious. Says Bruce Cohen, McLean's president and psychiatrist in chief: “I want to emphasize that we are not saying this is the answer but this is a completely different approach in trying to help the brain than anything that was done before."It's a completely different approach because of the way the magnetism is applied to the brain. But it's an example of newresearch on an old idea: that the brain is an electromagnetic organ and that brain disorders might result from disorder in magnetic function. The idea has huge appeal to psychiatrists and patients alike, since for many people the side effects of psychiatric (精神的) drugs are almost as difficult to manage as the disease itself. And 30 percent of the nearly 18.8 million people who suffer from depression do not respond to any of the antidepressants available now. People with other severe mental disorders might benefit as well. And while no one fully understands exactly why or how the brain responds as it does to electrical currents and magnetic waves, fascinating new research is offering some possible explanations.63. The first paragraph describes a project aimed at finding ____________.A. who has bipolar disorderB. what improves people's moodsC. whether magnetic scanning is a treatmentD. how some patients respond to some drugs64. What does the passage say about bipolar disorder?A.It mainly affects males.B. It may cause drug addiction.C. It is a mental problem.D. It is hard to detect.65. The word "ebullient" in Paragraph 2 can be best replaced by________.A. considerateB. quietC. excitedD. sorrowful66. The researchers' attitude toward the new finding can bedescribed as_________.A. confusedB. amusedC. carefulD. skeptical67. The new finding is significant because it shows that electromagnetic fields mayA. treat mental disordersB. cause mental disordersC. increase the effectiveness of some drugsD. reduce the effectiveness of some drugs68. The passage mainly_________.A. reports a discoveryB. challenges a discoveryC. explains the problems with a discoveryD. describes the background of a discoveryPassage FourMy kids tell me that I am "so 20th century", which troubles me. A person likes to feel that he is "with it", as we used to say in the 20th century.So I have been thinking how I might change myself into a true 21st-century man. Clearly, in my advanced state of age I would be foolish to attempt some wild leap into the contemporary fashion. And anyway, my distinctive taste attracts much favourable comment.But if my clothing is too characteristic to change, perhaps I should do something about my lifestyle. So last week I took myself to the NEC for the Smart Home Show which is "the exhibition dedicated to all the latest trends in smart home technology".It was a shock. How could I have lived for half a century without a fingerprint-operated front door? ("Never lock yourself out of your home again!") Or vacuum cleaners that suck dust straight into a dustbin, via a system of pipes in your house walls? (All you have to do is rebuild your entire home.) Or automatic garden sprinklers which are so smart that they turn themselves off when it starts to rain? Of course, you could just look out of the window, observe that it's raining and turn them off yourself, but that would be so 20th century.Besides, those were just the simpler things. For the true smart-home owner, a plasma (等离子) TV fireplace is a must. At first glance it's just an electric fire with a mantelpiece，but press your remote and a giant TV screen rises from the mantelpiece. "Thieves won't even know it's there," a spokesman claimed. Just as well. At ￡5,280，it would be a pity to have it broken. But the real revolution has happened in the bathroom. Never again need you feel cut off from world events as you go about your washing. Forget the mirrors that turn into TV screens. They're old hat. The buzz in bathrooms now is all about heated towel-racks that turn into TVs.Enough! I was convinced: I want a smart home. There's only one problem: The cost. You are looking at ￡18,000 to ￡25,000 for an average home. Hmm. I won't be entering the 21st century just yet, then.69. To be "21st century", the author decided to___________.A. move to a new houseB. change the way he livedC. improve his dressing styleD. talk in the most trendy fashion70. The author's comment on the vacuum cleaner impliesthat___________.A. he believed that it was uselessB. he wanted to purchase one himselfC. he hated to cause inconvenienceD. he thought that it was not worth the effort71. What is the most revolutionary smart home technology according to the author?A. The plasma TV fireplace.B. The automatic garden sprinkler.C. Mirrors that turn into TV screens.D. Heated towel-racks that turn into TVs.72. The Smart Home Show__________.A. seemed too good to be trueB. was a true eye-opener for the authorC. left a negative impression on the authorD. appealed less to the middle- and old-aged73. What does the author think of buying the smart home products?A. He was interested, but found them too expensive.B. He was fascinated, and determined to buy them.C. He wasn't attracted, and wouldn't buy them.D. He wasn't sure, so he would rather wait and see.74. Which of the following words could best describe the author's tone?A. Overstated.B. Objective.C. Ironic.D. Passionate.Passage FiveNever before has flying been so controversial. In the spaceof two years, the environmental damage done by planes has gone from being something quietly discussed by scientists and committed environmentalists, to a headline-grabbing issue no one can ignore.Even those who fly once or twice a year on holiday can't help but feel a growing sense of guilt, while those opting for trips by car, train or ferry have a self-righteous spring in their steps.Now, however, the backlash is beginning. The tourism and aviation industries are mobilizing, and pointing out some awkward facts. Did you know that some ferries emit far more carbon dioxide than some planes'? That driving can release twice as much carbon as flying? A new report from Balpa, the pilot's union, even claims that planes can be better than train.While there are the campaigners who plot their camp at Heathrow to protest the air travel, in Kenya plans are being drawn up for a very different camp. Looking out from a cliff over the deserts of Samburuland is a stunning hotel, the O1 Malo Eco-Lodge. Revenue from the small number of visiting tourists has allowed the 5,000 acres around it to be transformed from over-grazed cattle ranch to a conservation site. More impressive still is the O1 Malo eye project. Up to 80 per cent of adults in the area suffer sight loss, so the O1 Malo Trust runs regular surgical camps, bringing doctors from the UK to treat them. In January, the camp gave 102 people back their sight. "It's very simple--all of our visitors fly here," said Julia Francombe, the founder. "If they stopped coming, it would kill us."One thing on which all sides agree is that aviation is booming, so it becomes crucial to develop new and less polluting aircraft. Airbus's claim that it can save the world with the A380 may be far-fetched, but its "gentle giant" plane is far more efficient andquieter than those of 20 years ago.Some environmentalists, however, scorn these advances, saying such measures are a "delusion." "The aviation industry is likely to vastly overstate the gains that can be made from technological improvements but sadly a climate friendly plane isn't on the horizon," says Emily Armistead of Greenpeace.So the question is: who do you believe?75. Pollution caused by planes used to _____________.A. be heatedly debated in the scientific communityB. be a controversial issue no one could ignoreC. draw little attention among the general publicD. divert people's attention from more important issues76. Compared with people who fly, those who choose cars or trains for travel_________.A. feel equally guilty of causing environmental damagesB. seem to care more about the environment than about timeC. believe that they are doing the right thing for the environmentD. are more troubled by the latest facts on environmental pollution77. The camps in Kenya are mentioned to_________.A. demonstrate the necessity of flyingB. emphasize the problems of flyingC. persuade people to turn to flyingD. present the two sides of flying78. Emily Armistead suggests that the aviation industry___________.A. has not made great efforts to develop environmentally friendly planesB. cannot come up with environmentally friendly planes inthe near futureC. should not use environmentally friendly planes to solve their problemsD. will not save the world even with environmentally friendly planes79. What is the author's position on air travel?A. Air travel should be avoided if possible.B. Air travel is not as problematic as people believe.C. It is too early to say that air travel has caused damages.D. It is hard to decide whether we should continue air travel80. The best title for the passage is “___________”.A. Should We Stop Flying?B. When Can We Stop Flying?C. What Will Happen If We Stop Flying?D. Will Stopping Flying Make a Difference?PART V TRANSLATION (30 minutes, 20 points)Section A (15 minutes, 10 points)British previous colonial policies led to the spread of English across the world. This wide use of English has been reinforced by the sweeping influence of the U.S.. However, the dominance of English as an international language is considered both a blessing and a curse. For one thing, it has accelerated the extinction of some languages. People have been wondering about the possibility of creating a global language which might hold promises for an end to language-caused troubles and conflicts. Unfortunately, attempts to harmonize world languages have met with little success as a result of the reluctance of native speakers of a particular language to adopt another language as their mother tongue. To discard one's native language is to have the distinct features of his nation erased.。
研究生学位英语试卷及答案.docx
研究生学位英语复习EST1Part I Listening ComprehensionSection 1, Conversation (10 minutes, 10 points)Section 2, Passages (10 minutes, 10 points)Part II: Cloze Test (10 minutes, 15 points)Scientists who study the Earth's climate are convinced that volcano eruptions have a significant effect on general weather patterns. In fact, one of the many (36) which attempt to explain how an icc age begins holds that the (37) is a dramatic increase in volcanic eruptions. The volcanic explosions, besides causing local thunderstorms and lightning, inject great amounts of gas and (38)_into the stratosphere (同温层).At this (39), the volcanic material spreads all the way around the Earth・ This volcanic material (40) a certain amount of sunlight and (41) some back into space・ The net result is to (42) the planets surface・ For instance, 43 was perhaps the largest eruption occuned in 1883 when the Indonesia volcano Krakatoa exploded. The following year was (44) in Europe as the H year without summer0 because the (45) was so cool and rainy.While there is (46) scientific agreement that volcanic eruption can lead to cooling, (47) of how this happens are not clear. As a result, scientists cannot (48) whether the volcanic activity which (49) past icc ages would result (50) sufficient cooling to cause a glacial period・ Similarly, it is not possible for scientists to predict the climate effect of a future volcanic eruption with any confidence・36. A. theories B・ inventions C. judgments D. discoveries37.A. cause B. course C・means D. case38. A. petroleum B. ash C. flame D. garbage39. A. relation B. instance C・ moment D. altitude40. A. scatters B・ releases C. constitutes D・ absorbs41. A. carnes B. converts C. reflects D. gathers42. A. cool B. warm C. freeze D. heat43. A. such B. what C. there D. that44. A. known B. reported C. marked D. testified45. A. air B. temperature C. sky D. weather46. A. committed B. optimistic C・general D. absolute47. A・ indexes B・ predictions C・ details D. decisions48. A. analyze B. determine C. assure D・ assume49. A. confronted B. promoted C・ proceed D. preceded50. A. in B. from C. to D. with Part I ReadingPassage OneWe use emotive language to express our own attitudes and feelings・ We also direct emotive language at other people to persuade them to believe as we do or to do as we want them to do; and, of course, other people direct emotive language at us to get us to believe or to do what they want.We are subjected to a constant stream of persuasion day in, day out, at home and in school, on the radio and on television. It comes from parents and teachers, from preachers and politicians, from editors and commentators, but, most of all, of course, from advertisers. Most of this persuasion is expressed in emotive language and is intended to appeal to our feelings rather than to be weighed up by our powers of reasoning・Wc should look at the motives behind all this persuasion. Why do they want to persuade us? What do they want us to do? We are not thinking very clearly unless we try to see through the veil of words and realize something of the speaker's purpose.An appeal to emotion is in itself neither good or bad. Our emotions exist and they are part of our personality. On some occasions people appeal to our emotions on the highest levels and from the best of motives. A case in point is ChurchilVs wartime speeches: whatever people thought of Churchill as a politician, they were united behind him when he spoke as national leader in those dark days ― their feelings responded to his call for resolution and unity.It is a characteristic of social groups that the members have a feeling of personal attachment to the group ■一to the family in earliest childhood and extending later to the school, the team, the church, the nation, in patterns that vary from time to time. Hence a speaker from our group will find in us feelings to which he can readily and genuinely appeal, whether our reaction is favorable or not. We are at least open to the appeal and we appreciate the context in which it is made・1.The major functions of emotive language discussed in the passage are Io ・・A.extend our powers of reasoning and carry out a purposeB.advertise and produce the wanted social effectsC・ show one's feelings and appeal to those of othersD. make others believe in us and respond to our feelings2.It is suggested in the third paragraph of this passage that wcA should keep a cool head when subjected to persuasion of various kindsB need to judge whether a persuasion is made for good or badC・ have to carefully use our emotive languageD・ should avoid being easily seen through by an appeal from others3.The source from which emotive language flows upon us in its greatest amount is ・・A.the mass mediaB. the educational institutionsC.the religious circles D・ the advertising business4.Churchill is mentioned in the passage as」A.an example of how people weighed up persuasion with reasoningB・ a national leader who brought out people's best feelingsC・ a positive example of appealing to people's motionD.a politician who has been known as a good speaker5.What is NOT mentioned as relevant to our emotions in this passage?A.Social contextB. Personal experienceC. The personality of national leadersD. Religious belief6.It can be inferred from the passage that a persuasive speaker must ・A.find out what group his audience is attached toB.vary his speech patterns from time to timeC.know how to adapt his way of speaking to the needs of the audienceD.be aware whether the listeners are favorable to his opinion or notPassage TwoAs goods and services improved, people were persuaded to spend their money on changing from old to new, and found the change worth the expenses. When an airline equipped itself with jets, for example, its costs ( and therefore air fare) would go up, but the new planes meant such an improvement that the higher cost was justified. A new car ( or wireless, washing machine, electric kettle) made life so much more comfortable than the old one that the high cost of replacement was fully repaid. Manufacturers still cry their wares as persuasively as ever, but are the improvements really worth paying for? In many fields things have now reached such a high standard of performance that further progress is very limited and very expensive. Airlines, for example, go to enormous expense in buying the latest prestige jets, in which vast research costs have been spent on relatively small improvements. If we scrap these vast costs we might lose the chance of cutting minutes away from flying times, but wouldn't it be better to see air fares drop dramatically, as capital costs become relatively insignificant? Again, in the context of a 70mph limit, with platoons of cars traveling so densely as to control each other's speeds, improvements in performance are virtually iiTelevanl; improvements in handling are unnecessary, as most production cars grip the road perfectly; and comfort has now reached a very high level indeed・ Small improvements here are unlikely to be worth the thousands that anybody replacing an ordinary family car every two years may ultimately have spent on them. Let us instead have cars ■一or wireless, electric kettles, washing machines, television sets ■一which are made to last, and not to be replaced・Significant progress is obviously a good thing; but the insignificant progression from model-change to modcl-changc is not.7.The author obviously is challenging the social norm that ・•A.it is. important to improve goods and servicesB・ development of technology makes our life more comfortableC.it is reasonable that prices are going up all the timeD.slightly modified new products are worth buying8.According to this passage, air fares may rise because -rA people tend to travel by new airplanesB.the airplane has been improvedC.the change is found to be reasonableD.the service on the airplane is better than before9.According to the author, passengers would be happier if theyA.could fly in the latest model of reputable planesB・ could get tickets at much lower pricesC・ see the airlines make vital changes in their servicesD. could spend less time flying in the air10.When manufacturers have improved the performance of their products to a certain level, thenit would be_. .A.justified for them to cut the priceB.unnecessary for them to make any new changesC.difficult and costly to further better themD.insignificant for them to cut down the research costs11.In the case of cars, the author urges that we -・A.can cel the speed limitB. further improve the performanceC・ improve the durability D・ change models every two years12.The author's criticism is probably based on the fact that ・・A.we have been persuaded to live an extravagant life today B・ many products we buy turn out to be substandard or inferiorC.inflation is becoming a big problem in the world todayD.people arc wasting their money on trivial technological progressPassage ThreeRecent studies on the male-female wage gap predict that even though entry salaries for males and females in the same occupation are nearly equal because women's market skills have improved vastly, the chances of the overall gap closing in the foreseeable future are minimal. This is due to several factors that are likely to change very slowly, if at all. An important reason is that women are concentrated in occupations — service and clerical — that pay less than traditional male jobs. It is possible that more women than men in their twenties are hesitant to commit themselves to a year-round, lifetime career or job for many reasons There is lingering attitude on both the part of women and their employers that women are not cut out for certain jobs・ Not only does this attitude channel women into lower-paying work, but it also serves to keep them from top management positions・Another significant factor in the widening wage gap between men and women entering the work force, even in comparable jobs, is that women often drop out at critical points in their careers to have a family. Women still have the primary responsibility for child-bearing; even if they continue to work, they often forgo overtime and promotions that would conflict with home responsibilities・ The ages of25 to 35 have been shown repeatedly to be the period when working consistently and hard is vital to advancement and job security・ These are precisely the years when women are likely to have children and begin to slide away from men in earning power. Consequently, a woman's income is more likely to be seen as secondary to her husband's・13.According to recent studies on the male-female wage gap,」A.there is much hope of narrowing the male-female wage gap in the near futureB.working women will have many opportunities to hold high-paying jobs in the near futureC・ women's pay will still stay al a level below that of men in the near futureD. salaries for males and females in the same occupation will be equal in the near future14.Women arc kept from top management positions partly because they - •A.decide to devote themselves to certain lifetime jobs in their twentiesB.are inclined to rank family second to workC.tend to have more quaiTels with their employersD・ still take an inconect attitude towards themselves15.Which of the following is implied in the passage as a partial reason for women's concentration in certain occupations?A.Social division of labor.B. Social prejudice against themC・ Employment laws. D. Physiological weakness・16.The worcT 伽go" in Paragraph 2 could be best replaced by - •A.give upB. drop outC.throwawayD. cut out17.It can be inferred from the second paragraph that -・A.merfs jobs are subject to changeB.women tend to be employed off and on at the same jobC.men' chances of promotion are minimalD.women used to be employed all the year round18.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.Women's market skills have improved greatly・B.Child care is still chiefly women's workC・ Women are typically employed in clerical and service jobs・D.Domestic duties no longer conflict with women's jobs.Passage FourIt seems that the life of a television reporter is fantastically admired by many people. But this is only one side of the coin. First, he never goes deeply into anyone subject ― he may be expert at mastering a brief in a short time and M gctting up H a subject, but a week later he is on to the next subject, and a week later still he is on to the subject after that. He seldom grasps with a full-scale investigation anyone thing. He has to be able to forget what he was working on a few weeks before, otherwise his mind would become messed up.Second, a reporter does not have anything lasting to show for what he does — there is no shelf of books, no studio full of paintings・ He pours his life into something which flickers in shadows across a screen and is gone forever・ I have seen people in many television jobs turn at the end of watching one of their own programs and say something like: H Well, that's all those days/weeks/months of work. Travel and worry sunk without trace." As a way of life it conics to seem like blowing bubbles ■一entertaining to do, and the bubbles numerous and pretty to look at, and all different, but all disappearing into thin air.Third, the pace of life is too fast. Not only is it destructive of one's private life, one does not even have time to give proper consideration to the things one is professionally concerned with -not enough time to think, not enough time to read, not enough lime to write one's commentary, prepare one's interviews and so on. When one disengages from it and allows one's perceptions, thinking, reading and the rest to proceed at their natural pace one gets analtogether unfamiliar sense of solidarity and well-being・Fourth, the reporter is at the mercy of events. A revolution breaks out in Cuba so he is off there on the next plane ・ Somebody shoots President Reagan so he drops everything he is doing and flies to Washington. He is like a puppet pulled by strings ™ the strings of the world's affairs. He is not motivated from within. He does not dec ide for himself what he would like to do, where he would like to go, what he would like to work on. He is activated from without, and his whole life becomes a kind of reflex action, a series of high-pressure responses to external stimuli. He has ceased to exist as an independent personality.19. A TV reporter never makes an in-depth study of a subject becauseA.he usually gets one side of the pictureB.the subjects that he has to attend to often switch from one to anotherC.he does not know how to develop it to its full scaleD.that is the life that suits him20.A. it is implied but not stated that many people ・・A.know nothing about the work of a TV repor 1 erB.think the life of a TV reporter dull and boringC・ have a biased opinion against the job of a TV reporterD.tend to underestimate the hard part of being a TV reporter21 TV reporting, according to this passage, is something _______ ・A.profitable for a person to take upB.interesting to do but quick to fade outC・ causing a person to forget his previous workD・ producing a lasting effect22.A TV reporter is in most need of - •A. being a master of his timeB・ proper consideration of his professionC.a comfortable life of his ownD.disengaging himself from work23.The activities of a TV reporter are largely geared to ・・A. his motivationB. his working styleC.current affairsD. reflex to pressures24.The title of this passage would best be given as ・・A.What a TV Reporter Can and Cannot AccomplishB.The S OITOWS of TV ProfessionalsC.The Confession of a TV ReporterD.The Drawbacks in the Life of a TV ReporterPaper TwoPail IV Reading and Answering Questions (25 minutes, 10 points)The conflict between what in its present mood the public expects science to achieve in satisfaction of popularhopes and what is really in its power is a serious matter because・ even if the true scientists should all recognize the limitations of what they can do in the field of human affairs, so long as the public expects more there will always be some who will pretend, and perhaps honestly believe, that they can do more to meet popular demands than is really in their power. It is often difficult enough for the expert, and cel lainly in many instances impossible for the layman, to distinguish between legitimate and illegitimate claims advanced in the name of science. The enormous publicity recently given by the media to a report pronouncing in the name of science of The Limits to Growth, and the silence of the same media about the devastating criticism this report has received from the competent experts, must make one feel somewhat apprehensive about the use to which the prestige of science can be put. But it is by no means only in the field of economics that far-reaching claims arc made on behalf of a more scientific direction of all human activities and the desirability of replacing spontaneous processes by H conscious human control".If I am not mistaken, psychology, psychiatry and some branches of sociology, not to speak about the so-called philosophy of history, are even more affected by what I have called the scientistic prejudice, and by specious claims of what science can achieve・Questions :What is the main thought of the passage? What should be our correct attitude towards science?回答该项问题一般要注意，第一问主要是结合文章回答问题，可以或多或少的引用文中内容回答，第二问主要是考察我们研究生对某个现象的认识。
-6研究生学位英语考题及答案
2007年6月PART ILISTENING COMPREHENSION(25 minutes, 20 points)Section ADirections：In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be read only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.1. A. He doesn't like classic music．B. He feels sorry to decline the offer.C. He is eager to go to the concert.D. He hasn’t got a ticket yet.2. A. At the garage．B. At the restaurant，C. At the supermarket.D. At the office．3. A. Tony doesn’t always listen．B. Tony has hearing problems．C. It’s unusual that Tony missed the interview.D. Tony often forgets himself.4. A. The weather is generally cooler and drier.B. The weather is generally warmer and wetter.C. The weather is moderately hot.D. The weather is usually changeable．5. A. A doctor.B. An operator.C. A nurse.D. A dentist.6. A. $0.35B. $3.50C. $3.05D.＄30.57. A. He had something wrong with his watch．B. He thought the meeting was for a different day.C. His oral presentation was not well-prepared．D. He was not paying attention to the time．8. A. He didn’t attend Professor Smith’s class last time．B. He thinks the class will meet as scheduled．C. The woman should pose a more serious question．D. Professor Smith often cancels classes for the long weekend．9. The woman does not drink beer.B. It was not the woman’s coat．C. The woman just had her coat cleaned．D. The woman is not angry with the man．Directions：In this section you will hear two mini- talks. At the end of each talk: there will be some questions. Both the talks and the questions will be read to you only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause. you must choose the best answer from the tour choices given by marking I the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sh eet.‘Mini-Talk One10. A. 850,000 children, around two percent, are currently learning at home．B. School system provides teachers for homeschooling.C. All the states in the U.S. permit homeschooling.D. Homeschooled children are never expected to go to college．11. A. Because their children do not like attending schools．B. Because they love their children too much to send them away from home.C. Because homeschooling provides more time for the family to be together.D. Because they are able to help their kids to learn more social skills．12. A. A variety of honeybee.B. A geographic magazine.C. A National Home School Honor Society.D. A national top competition．Mini-Talk Two13. A. Importance of biodiversityB. Protection of wild species．C. Farm pollution.D. Agricultural methods.14. A. Rice, maize, potato and wheat.B. Corn, bean, rice and wheat.C. Potato, maize, bean and rice.D. Rice, corn, wheat and sweet potato.. 15．A. They can. harm wetlands, rivers and other environments needed to support life.B. They can destroy crops, native species and property.C. They spread in areas they are not native to with natural controls，D. They hardly survive different conditions．Section C (1 point each)Lecture Topic: Getting a good night’s sleep 16) There are several _____________ drugs available to help people sleep.If you don’t want to use drugs, there are some things you can do on your own to help get a good night’s sleep:17)1:____________________________________________ _18)2:____________________________________________ _19)3:____________________________________________ _20)4:____________________________________________ _PART II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points) Section A (0.5 point each)Directions: there are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase, that is closest in meaning to the underlined one: Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.21. Nothing can be more absurd than to say thathuman beings are doomed．A. compellingB. rationalC.ridiculous D. ambiguous22. The Chinese government continues to upholdthe principle of peaceful. co-existence．A. supportB. restrictC. raiseD. modify23. Patients are expected to comply withdoctors’ instructions for quick recovery.A. improve onB. abide byC. draw uponD. reflect on24. Scientists have achieved findingssubstantial enough to remove our fear of GM foods．A. abundantB. controversialC.conducive D. convincing25. Those students who have made adequate preparations for the test will be better off.A. more wealthyB. less successfulC. dismissed earlierD.favorably positioned26. If you hold on to a winning attitude，you’llmake a greater effort and also createpositive momentum.A. influenceB. strengthC. outlookD. consequence27. Academic integrity is deemed essential to those devoted to scientific researches．A. believedB. discardedC. advocatedD. confirmed28. Customers in these markets of antiques are good at slashing prices.A. assessingB. cuttingC. elevatingD. altering29. The public attached great importance to thenews that prices of housing would be brought under control．A. joinedB. ascribedC. fastenedD. diverted30. Thousands of people left their rural homes andflocked into the cities to livebeside the new factories.A. dashedB. filedC. strolledD. swarmedSection B (0.5 point each)Directions：There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word。
学位英语考试真题及答案解析(一)
学位英语考试真题及答案解析(一)一、词汇与语法结构A) I am looking forward to _______ with you next week.A) meet B) meeting C) meets D) to meet答案：B解析：本题考查的是动词的用法。
动词短语“look forward to”后面应该跟动名词形式，因此选项B“meeting”是正确的。
A) _______ is important to learn a foreign language.A) Practice B) Practicing C) Practices D) Practiced答案：A解析：本题考查的是主语和谓语动词的一致性。
主语“Practice”是名词，因此谓语动词应该用单数形式，选项A“Practice”是正确的。
A) _______ he said, I don't believe him.A) Although B) However C) Whatever D) No matter what答案：C解析：本题考查的是连词的用法。
根据句意，我们需要一个表示“无论他说什么”的连词，因此选项C“Whatever”是正确的。
二、阅读理解阅读下面的短文，然后回答问题。
One of the major risks of the Internet is the issue of privacy. With the amount of personal information we share online, there is a possibility that our data could be misusedor stolen. It is important for us to be cautious and take necessary measures to protect our privacy.Another challenge is the spread of misinformation. The Internet allows anyone to publish information, which meansthat not all of it is reliable or accurate. It is crucial for us to develop critical thinking skills and verify the sources of information before accepting it as true.In conclusion, while the Internet has its risks and challenges, it is an indispensable tool in our modern society. By being aware of these risks and taking necessary precautions, we can fully enjoy the benefits it offers.A) The Internet has only brought disadvantages to our lives.B) It is not important to protect our privacy online.D) The Internet has provided us with a vast amount of information.答案：D解析：根据短文一段的内容，我们可以得知选项D是正确的，因为短文提到互联网为我们提供了大量的信息。
2023年1月研究生英语学位考试真题及答案
1月硕士英语学位考试真题及答案Paper OnePart I ：Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 20 points )Section A (1 point each)1.A: He refuses to help the woman. B: He can’t handle the equipment by himself.C: He thinks some other people can do it better.D; He thinks the equipment is too heavy for the woman.2.A: His colleagues have contributed a lot. B: All of his colleagues congratulated him.C. The award has been given to his colleagues. D He doesn’t deserve the honor.3. A: He dislike Jack’s name. B He doesn’t care who Jack is.C He doesn’t know Jack well.D He dislikes Jack.4. A: The man is cracking a joke on her.B It is impossible to buy a genuine antique for so little money.C The man is out of his mind about the old vase.D The man has run into a great fortune.5. A: He can’t find a good idea about the problem. B He feels hopeless about the project.C He has encountered another problem.D He is going to give up the project.6. A: It is worthwhile. B It has a very tight schedule.C It was a waste of time.D It took him too much time on the road.7. A: It’s useless to talk to the professor. B The professor is often unfair.C The man has done well enough.D The man can’t be better n ext time.8. A The man should not say things like that. B The man should fight back.C The man should show his anger openly.D The man should not complain openly.9. A: She was injured in the shoulder. B She disliked the people who attended the party.C She was laughed at for her behaviour.D She was unpopular at the party.Section B (1 point each)Mini-talk One10. A: Improving the conditions of farm animals. B: Increasing the production of farm animals.C: Regulating the food marketing system.D: Regulating the food stores and restaurant chains.11. A: Because they want to save more money. B: Because they want the hens to lay more eggs.C Because they want the hens to grow more lean meat.D Because they want to sell the hens at a better price.12. A: Chickens should be kept in clean places. B: Pigs should be housed in large metal boxes.C: Farm animals should be slaughtered in factories.D Farm animals should be killed without feeling pain.Mini-talk Two13. A: Under the mountains is the state of Nevada.B: At the power centers in almost forty states.C: Under the deep ocean . D Near the inactive volcanoes.14. A: People object to burying it at the power centers.B: The power centers have no more space to store it.C: It is very dangerous to bury it in populous areas.D: The new site is the estate of the federal government.15. A; There are active volcanoes nearby. B: Some people still live in the area.C: The area is close to Las Vegas. D The area is geographically unsafe.Section C (1 point each)You will hear the recording twice. At the end of the talk there will be a 3-minute pause, during which time you are asked to write down your answers briefly on the Answer Sheet. You now have 25 seconds to read the questions (请在录音结束后把16-20题旳答案抄写在答题纸上.) 16．What percentage of plant and animal species on Earth do rain forests contain?17. What critical role do rain forests play besides being home to animals and plants?18. How much has global output of carbon dioxide increased in the past century?19. To be classified as a rain forest, how should the trees look?20. How large is the size of the rain forest in South America?Part I Vocabulary Section A1.This student was expelled from school because he had forged some documents for overseasstudy.A frustratedB formulatedC fabricatedD facilitated2.Opinion polls suggest that the approval rate of the president is on the increase.A agreementB consensus Cpermission D support3. A man of resolve will not retreat easily from setbacks or significant challenges.A pull outB pull upC pull inD pull over4. As few household appliances are now perfect, this minor defect is negligible.A detectableB triflingC inexcusableD magnificent5. The U.S. athletes topped the gold medal tally for the 3rd straight time this summer.A directB proceedingC verticalD successive6. Despite tremendous achievement, formidable obstacles to development will persist.A difficultB sustainableC externalD unpredictable7. Moderate and regular exercise can boost the rate of blood circulation and metabolism.A restrictB reduceC increaseD stabilize8. The manager is seeking some cost-effective methods that can call forth their initiative .A efficientB conventionalC economicalD unique.9. The report proposes that students be allowed to work off their debt through community service.A pay offB get offC dispose ofD run off10. It was a tragic love affair that only gave rise to pain.A brought forwardB brought aboutC brought downD brought inSection B :11. As females in their 40s tend to ____ weight, they are to go in for outdoor activities.A take onB hold onC carry onD put on12. The shop-owner took a load of ____-crusted bread and handed it to the child.A fragileB crispC vagueD harsh13. The excessive hospitality ____ the local officials failed to leave us assured.A on the point ofB on the grounds ofC on the advice ofD on the part of14.These intelligence officers tried a ___ of persuasion and force to get the information they wanted.A combinationB collaborationC convictionD confrontation15. The terminally ill patient lying in the ___ care unit was kept alive on life support.A apprehensiveB intensiveC extensiveD comprehensive16. The very sound of our national anthem being played at the awarding ceremony is ____.A ice-breakingB eye-catchingC painstakingD soul-touching17. Leading universities in China prefer to enroll ___ brilliant high school students.A intellectuallyB intelligiblyC intelligentlyD intimately18. When a heavy vehicle is ___ in the mud, the driver has to ask for help.A involvedB stuckC interferedD specialized19. A risk or effect may diminish ___, but it may also increase for some reason.A at willB over timeC under wayD so far20. It’s in your best ____ to quit smoking, for you have some breathing problems.A sakeB benefitC advantageD interestPart II. Cloze“Techno-stress”----frustration arising from pressure to use new technology----is said to be21 , reports Maclean’s magazine of Canada. Studies point to causes that 22 “the never-ending process of learning how to use new technologies to the 23 of work and home life as a result of 24 like e-mail, call-forwarding and wireless phones.” How can you cope? Experts recommend setting 25 . Determine whether using a particular device will really simplify life or merely add new 26 . Count on having to invest time to learn a new technology well enough to realize its full benefits. “ 27 time each day to turn the technology off,” and devote time to other things afforded or deserving 28 attention. “People start the day by making the 29 mistake of opening their e-mail, instead of working to a plan,” notes Vancouver productivity expert Dan Stamp. “The best hour and a half of the day is spent on complete30 .”21. A descending B narrowing C mounting D widening22. A pass on B range from C deal with D give up23. A confusion B construction C contribution D conduction24. A creations B promotions C productions D innovations25. A laws B boundaries C deadlines D barriers26. A convenience B advantages C flexibility D complexity27. A Put forward B Put across C Put aside D Put up28. A prior B major C senior D superior29. A fragmental B fictional C fractional D fundamental30. A relaxation B entertainment C rubbish D hobbyPart III. Reading ComprehensivePassage OneThe study of genetics has given rise to a profitable new Industry called biotechnology. As the name suggests, it blends biology and modern technology through such techniques as genetic engineering. Some of the new biotech companies, as they are called, specialize in agriculture and are working enthusiastically to patent seeds that give a high yield, that resist disease, drought, andfrost, and that reduce the need for hazardous chemicals. If such goals could be achieved, it would be most beneficial. But some have raised concern about genetically engineered crops.“In nature, genetic diversity is created within certain limits,”says the book Genetic Engineering, Food, and Our Environment.“A rose can be crossed with a different kind of rose, but a rose will never cross with a potato…” Genetic engineering, on the other hand, usually involves taking genes from one species and inserting them into another in an attempt to transfer a desired property or character. This could mean, for example, selecting a gene which leads to the production of a chemical with antifreeze properties from an arctic fish, and joining it into a potato or strawberry to make it frost-resistant. It is now possible for plants to be engineered with genes taken from bacteria, viruses, insects, animals or even humans.In essence, then, biotechnology allows humans to break the genetic walls that separate species.Like the green revolution, what some call the gene revolution contributes to the problem of genetic uniformity---some say even more so because geneticists can employ techniques such as cloning and tissue culture, processes that produce perfectly identical copies, or clones. Concerns about the erosion of biodiversity, therefore, remain. Genetically altered plants, however, raise new issues, such as the effects that they may have on us and the environment. “We are flying blindly into a new era of agricultural biotechnology with high hopes, few constraints, and little idea of the potential outcomes,” said science writer Jeremy Rifkin.31. According to the author, biotech companies are ______A mostly specialized in agriculture.B those producing seeds of better propertiesC mainly concerned about the genetically engineered crops.D likely to have big returns in their business.32. Now biotech products are made ____.A within the limits of natural genetics .B by violating laws of natural genetics.C without the interference of humans.D safer than those without the use of biotechnology33. In nature, genetic diversity is created ____A by mixing different speciesB within the species itselfC through natural selectionD through selection or contest34.Biotechnoly has made it possible ____A for us to solve the food shortage problem in the world.B for plants to be produced with genes of humans.C for humans to assume the cold-resistant property.D to grow crops with the taste of farm animals.35. According to the author, with the development of biotechnology ____A the species of creatures will be reduced. D we will suffer from fewer and fewer diseases.B our living environment will be better than it is now.C humans will pay for its side effect.36. The author’s attitude towards genetic engineering can best be described ____A optimisticB pessimisticC concernedD suspiciousPassage TwoThe practice of capital punishment is as old as government itself. For most of history, it has not been considered controversial. Since ancient times most governments have punished a wide variety of crimes by death and have conducted executions as a routine part of the administration of criminal law. However, in the mid-18th century, social critics in Europe began to emphasize the worth of the individual and to criticize government practices they considered unjust, including capital punishment. The controversy and debate whether government should utilize the death penalty continue today.The first significant movement to abolish the death penalty began during the era known as the Age of Enlightenment. In 1764 Italian jurist and philosopher Cesare Beccaria published An Essay on Crimes and Punishments. Many consider this influential work the leading document in the early campaign capital punishment. Other individuals who campaigned against executions duringthis period include French authors V oltaire and Denis Diderot, British philosophers David Hume and Adam Smith, and political theorist Thomas Paine in the United States.Critics of capital punishment argue that it is cruel and inhumane, while supporters consider it a necessary form of revenge for terrible crimes. Those who advocates the death penalty declare that it is a uniquely effective punishment that prevents crime. However, advocates and opponents of the death penalty dispute the proper interpretation of statistical analyses of its preventing effect. Opponents of capital punishment see the death penalty as a human right issue involving the proper limits of governmental power. In contrast, those who want governments to continue to execute tend to regard capital punishment as an issue of criminal justice policy. Because of these alternative viewpoint, there is a profound difference of opinion not only about what is the right answer on capital punishment, but also about what type of question is being asked when the death penalty becomes a public issue.37. We can learn from the first paragraph that in ancient times _________A death penalty had been carried out before government came into being.B people thought it was right for the government to conduct executions.C death penalty was practiced scarcely in European countries.D many people considered capital punishment unjust and cruel.38. Why was capital punishment questioned in the mid-18th century in Europe?A People began to criticize their government.B The government was unjust in this period.C People began to realize the value of life.D Social critics were very active at that time.39. Italian jurist and philosopher Cesare Beccaria ____A was the first person to question the rightness of death penalty.B was regarded as an important author criticizing capital punishment.C was the first person who emphasized the worth of the individuals.D first raised the theory against capital punishment.40. Critics of capital punishment insist that it ___.A violates human rights regulations.B is an ineffective punishment of the criminalsC is just the revenge for terrible crimes.D involves killing without mercy.41. The advocates and opponents of the death penalty _____A agree that it is a human rights issueB agree that it can prevent crimes.C explain its statistical analyses differentlyD think that they are asked different types of questions.42. The author’s attitude towards capital punishment can be summarized as _____A supportiveB criticalC neutralD contradictoryPassage ThreeBears mostly live alone, except for mothers and their babies, and males and females during mating season. Bears form temporary groups only in exceptional circumstances, when food is plentiful in a small area. Recent evidence also suggests that giant pandas may form small social groups, perhaps because bamboo is more concentrated than the patchy food resources of other bear species. Other bears may live alone but exist in a social network. A male and female may live in an area partly shared in common----although they tolerate each other, each defends its range from other bears of the same sex. Male young usually leave their mothers to live in other areas, but female young often live in a range that is commonly shared with that of their mother.The key to a bear’s surviv al is finding enough food to satisfy the energy demands of its large size. Bears travel over huge territories in search of food, and they remember the details of the landscape they cover. They use their excellent memories to return to locations where they have had success finding food in past years or seasons. Most bears are able to climb trees to chase small animals or gain access to additional plant vegetation. The exceptions are polar bears and large adult brown bears----their heavy weight makes it difficult for them to climb trees.Bears that live in regions with cold winters spend the coldest part of the year asleep in sheltereddens, including brown bears, American and Asiatic black bears, and female polar bears. Pregnant females give birth in the winter in the protected surroundings of these dens. After fattening up during the summer and fall when food is abundant, the bears go into this winter home to conserve energy during the part of the year when food is scarce. Winter sleep differs from hibernation in that a bear is easily aroused from sleep. In addition, a bear’s body temperature drops only a few degrees in its winter sleep. In contrast, a true hibernator undergoes more extensive changes in bodily functions. For instance, the body temperature of the Arctic ground squirrel drops from 380C to as low as -30C.43. Most bears live alone because _________A they don’t want to keep a social network.B each bear feeds on different kinds of food.C male and female bears can’t tolerate each other.D they don’t want other bears to share their food.44.According to the passage, bears of the same sex ____A can get along with each other peacefully.B share their range with each other.C live in an area partly shared in common.D can’t li ve peacefully in the same area.45.As is told about bears in the passage, we know that _____A it is easy for bears to find enough food if they can climb trees.B a bear can long remember where it has found food.C all except polar bears are able to climb trees to catch their prey.D all except polar bears and adult brown bears feed on small animals.46. Bears sleep in their sheltered dens in cold winter because ____A their babies need to be born in a cold and protected surrounding.B they need to fatten themselves up in the cold season.C they need to convert their fat into energy in winter.D they can’t find enough food in the cold season.47. Winter sleep differs from hibernation in that _______A animals in hibernation don’t wake up eas ily.B animals in hibernation are aroused regularly for energy supply.C the body temperature of animals in winter sleep doesn’t change.D animals in winter sleep experience drastic changes in bodily functions.48. The passage is mainly about ___.A the species of bearsB the food category of bearsC the winter sleep of bearsD the behavior of bearsPassage FourThe young man who came to the door--- he was about thirty, perhaps, with a handsome, smiling face---- didn’t seem to find my lateness offensive, and led me into a large room. On one side of the room sat half a dozen women, all in white; they were much occupied with a beautiful baby, who seemed to belong to the youngest of the women. On the other side of the room sat seven or eight men, young, dressed in dark suits, very much at ease, and very imposing. The sunlight came into the room with the peacefulness that one remembers from rooms in one’s early childhood--- a sunlight encountered later only in one’s dreams. I remember being astounded by the quietness, the ease, the peace , and the taste. I was introduced, they greeted me with a genuine cordiality and respect ---and the respect increased my fright, for it meant that they expected something of me that I knew in my heart, for their sakes, I could not give ---and we sat down. Elijah Muhammad was not in the room. Conversation was slow , but not as stiff as I had feared it would be. They kept it going, for I simply did not know which subjects I could acceptably bring up. They knew more about me and read more of what I had written, than I had expected , and I wondered what they made of it all, what they took my usefulness to be. The women were carrying on their own conversations, in low tones; I gathered that they were not expected to take part in male conversations. A few women kept coming in and out of the room, apparently making preparationsfor dinner. We, the men, did not plunge deeply into any subject, for, clearly, we were all waiting for the appearance of Elijah. Presently, the men, one by one, left the room and returned. Then I was asked if I would like to wash, and I, too, walked down the hall to the bathroom. Shortly after I came back, we stood up, and Elijah entered. I don’t know what I had expected to see. I had read some of his speeches, and had heard fragments of others on the radio and on television, so I associated him with strength. But, no ----the man who came into the room was small and slender, really very delicately put together, with a thin face, large warm eyes, and a most winning smile. Something came into the room with him ---- his worshipers’ joy at seeing him, his joy at seeing them. It was the kind of encounter one watches with a smile simply because it is so rare that people enjoy one another.49.Which of t he following is the best alternative word for “imposing”?A EnthusiasticB HostileC ImpressiveD Anxious50. Which word best describes the atmosphere in the room?A TranquilB SolemnC ChaoticD Stressful51.How did the author feel when he was greeted with respect?A DelightedB AstonishedC EmbarrassedD Scared52. Which of the following statements is true about the author?A He talked little.B He was puzzledC He enjoyed the conversationD He got more respect than he deserved.53. The man didn’t get deeply involved in any subject because they ____A had little knowledgeB didn’t know one another well.C wanted to relax themselvesD awaited the arrival of someone important54. What can we learn about Elijah?A He was admired by others.B He was very handsome.C He was a man with determinationD He was happy to give speeches.Passage FiveSingapore’s Mixed Reality Lab is working on new ways of interacting with computers, including wearable devices and virtual war room that will allow officials to work together online as if they were all in one place. Its director is a spiky-haired Australian, a postmodern match for the fictional British agent James Bond’s tool man, Q.It is funded by the Defense Science & Technology Agency, which controls half the $ 5 billion defense budget, and sponsors hundreds of research projects every year. The agency came to worldwide attention last year when it took just one day to customize a thermal scanner in order to detect travelers with high fever, helping to stem the spread of SARS.DSTA is now working on a range of projects that are attracting attention in both the commercial and military worlds. It devised an air-conditioning system that harnesses melting ice and cool seawater to conserve electricity at the new Changi Naval Base, and could have broad civilian applications.Singapore can easily afford Western hardware, but off-the-shelf products are often unsuitable for the tropical conditions in Southeast Asia. For example, the DSTA is funding development of an anti-chemical-weapons suit that works not as a shield, but as a sort of weapon. The Singapore garments, made of a revolutionary plastic-like material that is much lighter and cooler than traditional fabrics, actually degrade suspect substance on contact.Much of the agency’s work is geared toward helping this resource-poor city-state overcome its natural limitations, says its director R&D, William Lau Yue Khei. Conserving manpower is one of the agency’s most critical assignments, because Singapore is a nation of 5 million people dwarfed by larger neighbors, including Indonesia and Malaysia. Right now, the biggest DSTA project is computerizing a stealth warship so that it can run on half the usual crew. Making equipment lighter is a particular agency specialty, because the universal military rule of thumb is that a soldier should carry no more than one third his body weight, and that seems that smallerSingaporean soldiers should carry no more than 24 kilos, or 20 percent less than Europeans, says DSTA project manager Choo Hui Weing. One such program: the Advanced Combat Man System, has produced a lightweight handguard that controls an integrated laser range finder, digital compass and a targeting camera. Top that, Q.55. It can be inferred from the passage that Q is probably________A a mechanic in James Bond’s garage.B a fictional Australian with spiky hair.C a director of the Advanced Combat Man SystemD An imaginary engineer who invents advanced equipment.56. Which of the following statements concerning DSTA true?A It became world-known for its high efficiency in preventing the SARS spread.B It funds numerous research programs, including Mixed Reality lab.C It devised an air-conditioning system now widely used in households.D It takes credit for conserving electricity at the new Changi Naval Base.57. The suit described in the third paragraph can be used as a sort of weapon mainly because ___A it is made of a new material resembling plastics.B it can reduce harmful effects of chemicals on it.C it has been adapted to the tropical weather there.D its light weight allows soldiers to carry more equipment.58. Which of the following is Not mentioned as a disadvantage of Singapore?A Smaller soldiersB Smaller populationC Limited defense budgetD Limited natural resources59. The Advance Combat Man System is mentioned in the last paragraph mainly to show ____A what DSTA has done to meet the country’s special needs.B how sophisticated the equipments designed by DSTA can be.C why it is difficult for Q to compete with CHoo Hui Weing .D how Singapore’s technology is superior to that of the British.60. The main purpose of the passage is to ____A analyze Singapore’s defense system.B summarize the contributions of DSTA.C introduce the technical advantages of a small country.D describe the roles and achievements of a government agency.Paper Two Part IV TranslationSection AQuitting smoking is more of a matter of willpower than of individual choice, for smoking is widely recognized as addictive. Although counseling and medication can increase the odds that a smoker quits permanently, the best way to avoid dilemmas is never to take up smoking to begin with.The irreversible effects of cigarette smoking vary in intensity and are related both to the amount and duration of exposure and the age at which the person is initially exposed. This report challenges the notion that a few years of exposure to smoking will have no lasting harmful consequences. We hope to discourage this prevalent but vital habit and suggest that tobacco-related health effects decline substantially as time away from smoking increases. Section B人们越来越意识到开发环境保护型产品旳重要性. 为实现长期可持续发展, 发达国家应不惜代价减少温室气体旳排放. 假如目前全球变暖旳速度保持不变, 东京和伦敦等大都市从地球上消失旳也许性将是前旳10倍.Part V Writingwrite a compositions of no less than 150 words under the title of “Knowledge from books and knowledge from experience” . Your composition should be base d on the following outline:1Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books. 2．Explain which source is more important?01 参照答案1-10 CDABD, ACCAB, 11-20 DBDAB, DABBD 21-30 CBADB, DCADC31-40 DBBBA, CBCBD, 41-50 CCDDB, DADCA 51-60 DADAD, CBCABTranslation : Section BThere is a growing realization/awareness that developing environment-protecting products really counts. To fulfil the long-term and substantial development, developed countries should at all costs decrese the emission of greenhouse gases. If the speed of global warming nowadays continues, the probability of disappearance from the earth to such big cities as Tokyo and London will be 10 times as fast as that of 20 years ago.。
专业研究生学位英语考试试卷答案2
专业研究生学位英语考试试卷答案2清华大学非英语专业研究生学位英语考试试卷答案Part I Reading Comprehension (共40分，每小题2分) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. At the end of each passage, five questions will be asked about it.For the first three passages, you should read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide on the best choice. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.For the last passage, you should write your answers to the questions on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneSir Winston Churchill said: “Kites rise highest against the wind----not with it.” When life seems to be handing you lemons, make lemonade! That would be a more current version of Churchill’s quote, wouldn’t it? Folks often seem t o take adversity (逆境) as an indication that we’re going in the wrong direction, or that they don’t have what it takes to make it, or that “somebody up there doesn’t like them”. This is a straightforward cause-and-effect approach that can stop you in your tracks and leave you sitting there, stopped, for an hour, a day, months, years or, for some, a lifetime.What is your approach to adversity? What is your response to the challenge it offers? Does it cause you to reflect on your direction and look for alternatives? Does it strengthen your resolve to continue? Does it beat you down and flatten you out?Your responses to life are your choice. There is no escaping the responsibility you have for choosing the way you see things. For some folks, in some circumstances, that choice seems the only one they have any control over…so take it!When you raise your kite, keep it flying. Today, play with theidea of seeing change or difficulties as shifting winds to help your kite stay up…not as a clear indication that you’r e flying the wrong one on the wrong day. How can you use the information you are receiving to keep your kite soaring?1. What idea is the author trying to convey?A. Kites fly high when they are supported by the wind.B. Face challenges instead of avoiding them.C. Life is full of choices.D. We are in control of our lives.2. In the author’s opinion, adversity in life is ________.A. an indication that we’re going in the wrong directionB. an indication that we’re not working hard enoughC. a challenge that we must faceD. either a challenge or an indication that you are in the wrong direction3. “There’s no escaping the responsibility” because ___________.A. you cannot make a changeB. responsibilities cannot be put asideC. being responsible is an important characteristic of a successful personD. you made the choice yourself4. What does the author suggest to do when you have no other choices?1A. Create new choices.B. Change your job.C. Take the choice you have and work hard.D. Take a little rest.5. The kite is a symbol of ________.A. your lifeB. difficultyC. responsibilityD. ambitionPassage TwoOne of the chief functions of education is to equip future citizens with all they require to take their place in adult society. Now adult society is made up of men and women, so how can a segregated school possibly offer the right sort of preparation for it? Anyone entering adult society after years of segregation can only be in for a shock.A co-educational school offers children nothing less than a true version of society in miniature (缩影). Boys and girls are given the opportunity to get to know each other, to learn to live together from their earliest years. They are put in a position where they can compare themselves with each other in terms of academic ability, athletic achievement and many of the extra-curricular activities which are part of school life. What a practical advantage it is to be able to put on a school play in which the male parts will be taken by boys and the female parts by girls!But perhaps the greatest contribution of co-education is the healthy attitude to life it encourages. Boys don't grow up believing that women are mysterious creatures—airy goddesses, more like book-illustrations to a fairy-tale, than human beings. Girls don't grow up imagining that men are romantic heroes. Years of living together at school dismiss such illusions. The awkward stage of adolescence brings into sharp focus some of the physical and emotional problems involved in growing up. These can better be overcome in a co-educational environment. When the time comes for the pupils to leave school, they are fullyprepared to enter society as well-adjusted adults. They have already had years of experience in coping with many of the problems that face men and women.6. What is the best title for this passage?A. Co-education Can Be in Harmony with Society.B. People Are in Great Need of Co-education.C. Any Form of Education Other Than Co-education Is Simply Unthinkable.D. Co-education Has Many Features.7. What does co-education offer to children?A. A society.B. A true small model of society.C. A real life.D. True version of social condition.8. What does the word "segregated" (Para.1) probably mean?A. closed.2。
北京地区研究生学位英语真题附标准试题及解析
北京地区研究生学位英语真题附标准试题及解析一、阅读理解阅读下列短文和问题，根据短文内容，从问题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳选项。
Passage 1Laptops are common possessions among college students. However, their usage in the classroom is not always effective. A growing number of studentsare typing their notes on laptops instead of writing them down. Researchers have found that taking notes on laptops in class leads to lower academic performance compared to writing notes on paper.A recent study conducted by a psychologist at Princeton University showed that students who type their notes do worse on tests regarding the information discussed in class as compared to students who handwrite their notes. This could be explained by the fact that typing notes encouragesstudents to focus on transcribing what they hear, rather than understanding the information and writing it down in their own words. On the other hand, students who take notes on paper have to process the information and summarize it in a way that allows them to take notes quickly and efficiently.Moreover, the use of laptops in class is inherently distracting. Students can easily get sidetracked by social media sites or unrelated browsing. This leads to a decrease in focus and attention in class, which in turn can affect their academicperformance.1. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Typing notes on laptops in class is more efficient than writing them by hand.B. Laptops are distracting in the classroom and can lead to lower academic performance.C. Princeton University conducted a recent study on the use of laptops in class.D. The use of laptops is becoming more and more common among collegestudents.答案：B2. Why do students who type their notes often perform worse on tests?A. They are too focused on transcribing what they hear.B. They are too distracted by unrelated browsing on the internet.C. They have trouble processing information quickly and efficiently.D. They are not able to write down information in their own words.答案：A3. What is the author's opinion on the use of laptops in the classroom?A. Laptops should be banned from classrooms.B. Students should be allowed to have laptops in the classroom, but with restrictions.C. Laptops are useful tools in the classroom, as long as they are used properly.D. The use of laptops in the classroomhas no effect on academic performance.答案：B二、翻译请将以下英文翻译成中文：1. The company's HR policies need to be updated to reflect changes in the industry.2. The recruitment process is time-consuming and requires a lot of resources.答案：1. 公司的人力资源政策需要更新以反映行业的变化。
研究生学位英语题库和答案
Examination 1:Dictation (10%)II. V ocabulary and Structure (15%)1. It wasn't so much that I disliked her _______ that I just wasn't interested in thewhole business.A. ratherB. soC. thanD. asas so as 以其说，不如说。
2. The returns in the short ______ may be small, but over a number of years theinvestment will be well paid.A. intervalB. rangeC. spanD. term3. So involved with their computers _________ that leaders at summer computercamps often have to force them to break for sports and games.A. became the childrenB. become the childrenC. had the children becomeD. do the children become4. The discussion was so prolonged and exhausting that _________ the speakersstopped for refreshments.A. at largeB. at intervalsC. at easeD. at random5. He knows little of mathematics, and __________ of chemistry.A. even moreB. still lessC. no lessD. still more6. Mr. Smith had an unusual ________: he was first an office clerk, then a sailor, andended up as a school teacher.A. professionB. occupationC. positionD. career7. We were pleased to note that the early morning delivery didn't _______ to thetraffic jam of the busy city.A. aidB. amountC. addD. attribute我们高兴地注意到清早的送货并没有加剧这繁忙城市的交通堵塞问题。
研究生英语学位课统考真题及答案.doc
PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (25 minutes, 20 points) Section A (1 point each)1. A. He fixed the tape recorder.B. Although old, he is still working.C. His love for music surprised the two speakers.D. He picked up the tape recorder from the garbage can.2. A. He can't imagine what his friends have got for him.B. He always knows what Mary will say.C. He is anxious to see Mary's reaction to the gift.D. He is too busy to wait.3. A. His car broke down.B. He is usually late.C. He never leaves his house before 9:00.D. He might be late because of the bad traffic.4. A. No, because the man will have guests.B. No, because the man has seen the movie.C. No, because the man will go out.D. No, because the man wants to see the movie alone.5. A. She will continue with her diet.B. She can't afford expensive food.C. She might die any day.D. She is overweight.6. A. He should be thinking about something more important.B. He has enough money for a car.C. He spends money like water.D. He can't afford a car.7. A. People have different tastes.B. Each of them owns a restaurant.C. The woman should tell him her own opinion.D. Many customers like the restaurant.8. A. She has already seen it.B. She enjoys the movie.C. She regrets missing the movie.D. She doesn't care for the movie.9. A. Setting the table.B. Polishing silver.C. Sewing napkins.D. Putting the food away.Section B ( 1 point each)Mini-talk One10. A. A residential college.B. A family house,C. A university,D. An office block.11. A. It is the same as the old Smith House.B. It has become smaller.C. It has become larger.D. It is the same as it was in the 1840s.12. A. Wing 2-3rd Floor - Room 4.B. West - 2nd Floor - Room 34.C. West Wing 2 - 3rd Floor - Room 4.D. West Wing - 2nd Floor - Room 34.Mini-talk Two13. A. Smoking rooms.B. A gymnasium.C. Assembly roomsD. Dining rooms.14. A. April 10, 1912.B. April 11. 1912.C. April 13, 1912.D. April 14, 1912.15. A. There were not enough lifeboats.B. The water was cold.C. There was too much panic.D. People were disorganized.Section C ( 1 point each)The Film-making Process: Six steps16. Step 1: ____________________________17. Step 2:____________________________18. Step 3:____________________________19. Step 4:____________________________20. Step 5:____________________________Step 6: Composing the musicPART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)21. If innovators are not financially rewarded for their innovations, the incentive for path-breaking innovation will eventually dry up.A. investmentB. resourceC. inspirationD. stimulus22. These illegal immigrants have to work long hours a day despite the appalling working conditions.A. bewilderingB. exasperatingC. dismayingD. upsetting23. Many critics agreed that by and large, this movie was a success in terms of acting and photography.A. all at onceB. by and byC. to some extentD. on the whole24. The country carried on nuclear tests without feeling apprehensive about the consequences.A. optimisticB. anxiousC. uncertainD. scared25. There is the fear that babies might be genetically altered to suit the parents' wishes.A. enhancedB. revisedC. alternatedD. modified26. The American Civil War is believed to have stemmed from differences over slavery.A. arisen fromB. contributed toC. patched upD. participated in27. Experts said the amount of compensation for sick smokers would be reduced if cooler jurors prevailed.A. resignedB. compromisedC. persistedD. dominated28. Hamilton hoped for a nation of cities while Jefferson contended that the country should remain chiefly agricultural.A. inclinedB. struggledC. arguedD. competed29. There have been some speculations at times as to who will take over the company.A. on occasionB. at presentC. by nowD. for sure30. TWA was criticized for trying to cover up the truth rather than promptly notifying victims' families.A. brieflyB. quicklyC. accuratelyD. earnestlySection B (0.5 point each)31. New York probably has the largest number of different language _________ in the world.A. neighborhoodsB. communitiesC. clustersD. assemblies32. Nuclear wastes are considered to _____ a threat to human health and marine life.A. composeB. imposeC. exposeD. pose33. Some states in the US have set _____ standards concerning math and science tests.A. energeticB. vigorousC. rigorousD. grave34. This school promised to make classes smaller and offer more individualized ___________.A. presentationB. instructionC. convictionD. obligation35. Because of ______ ways of life, the couple has some difficulty getting along with each other.A. incomprehensibleB. incomparableC. inconceivableD. incompatible36. As __________ China and other emerging export powers, efforts to strengthen anti-corruption activities are gaining momentum.A. in the light ofB. in the event ofC. in the case ofD. in the course of37. According to an Australian research, moderate drinkers ________ better thinkers than heavy drinkers or those who never drink.A. end upB. take upC. put upD. turn up38. Strangely enough, an old man ______ me and introduced himself, who turned out to be a friend of my father’s.A. stood up toB. walked up toC. lived up toD. added up to39. Many children often _____ why airplanes can fly like birds while we humans cannot.A. assumeB. anticipateC. assureD. wonder40. The FDA was created to _______ the safety of products, review applications and grant approvals.A. manipulateB. adjustC. regulateD. managePART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)Tall people earn considerably more money throughout their lives than their shorter co-workers, with each inch adding about US$789 a year in pay, according to a new study. "Height 41 career success," says Timothy Judge, a University of Florida professor of management, who led the study. "These findings are troubling since, with a few 42 , such as professional basketball, no one could argue that height is something essential required for job 43 ," Judge points out.Judge analyzed results of four large-scale studies in the US and Britain that followed thousands of people from childhood to adulthood, examining details of their work and personal lives. "If you take this 44 the course of a 30-year career, we're talking about literally hundreds of thousands of dollars of earnings 45 that a tall person enjoys," Judge said.Greater height boosted both subjective ratings of work performance--a supervisor's 46 of how effective someone is-- and 47 measures of performance--such as sales volume. Being tall may boost self-confidence, improving performance. Other people may also give higher 48 and greater respect to a tall person, giving them an edge in negotiating states, he says.The commanding influence of height may be a remainder of our evolutionary 49 . Maybe from a time when humans lived among animals and size was 50 power and strength used when making "fight or run" decisions.41. A. makes out B. works in C. takes on D. matters for42. A. cases B. exceptions C. examples D. problems43. A. performance B. operation C. condition D. environment44. A. on B. with C. over D. to45. A. deficiency B. advantage C. loss D. necessity46. A. imagination B. decision C. judge D. evaluation47. A. relative B. absolute C. objective D. initiative48. A. state B. status C. situation D. statue49. A. origins B. sources C. courses D. organizations50. A. a time in B. a hold on C. a work at D. a sign ofPART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)Passage OneAt the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), a student loaded his class notes into a handheld e-mail device and tried to read them during an exam: a classmate turned him in. At the University of Nevada at Las Vegas (UNLV) students photographed test questions with their cellphone cameras and transmitted them toclassmates. The university put in place a new examination-supervision system. "If they'd spend as much time studying, they'd all be A students," says Ron Yasbin, dean of the College of Sciences of UNLV.With a variety of electronic devices, American students find it easier to cheat. And college officials find themselves in a new game of cat and mouse. They are trying to fight would-be cheats in the exam season by cutting off Internet access from laptops, demanding the surrender of cellphones before tests or simply requiring that exams be taken with pens and paper."It is annoying. My hand-writing is so bad," said Ryan Dapremont, 21 who just finished his third year at Pepperdine University in California. He had to take his exams on paper. Dapremont said technology has made cheating easier, but plagiarism (剽窃) in writing papers was probably the biggest problem. Students can lift other people's writings off the Internet without attributing them.Still, some students said they thought cheating these days was more a product of the mindset, not the tools at hand. "Some people put too much emphasis on where they're going to go in the future, and all they're thinking about is graduate school and the next step," said Lindsay Nicholas, a third-year student at UCLA. She added that pressure to succeed "sometimes clouds everything and makes people do things that they shouldn't do."Some professors said they tried to write exams for which it was hard to cheat, posing questions that outside resources would not help answer. Many officials said that they rely on campus honor codes. They said the most important thing was to teach students not to cheat in the first place.51. One student at UCLA was found cheating ________________.A. when he was loading his class notes into a handheld e-mail deviceB. when he was trying to tell the answers to his classmatesC. after the university put in place a new examination-supervision systemD. after his classmate reported his cheating to the authority52. According to Ron Yasbin, all the cheating students _____________.A. should be severely punished for their dishonestyB. didn't have much time to study before the examC. could get the highest grades if they had studied hard enoughD. could be excused because they were not familiar with the new system53. To win the new game of cat and mouse in examinations, the college officials have to______________.A. use many high-tech devicesB. cut off Internet access on campusC. turn to the oral exanimation formsD. cut off the use of high-tech devices54. According to Ryan Dapremont, ______________.A. examinations taken with pens and paper were useless in fighting cheatingB. his examination paper was under-graded because of his bad hand-writingC. cheating was more serious in writing papers than in examinationsD. it was more difficult for him to lift other people's writings off the Internet55. Which of the following is probably the most Significant measure to fight cheating?A. Putting less emphasis on where the students are going to go in the future.B. Letting students know that honesty is more important.C. Writing examinations for which it is hard to cheat.D. Setting up more strict campus honor codes.56. The best title of the passage might be_____________.A. Cheating Has Gone High-techB. Game of Cat and MouseC. A New Examination-supervision SystemD. Measures to Fight Against DishonestyPassage TwoTop marathon runners tend to be lean and light, star swimmers are long thighs with huge feet and gold medal weightlifters are solid blocks of muscle with short arms and legs. So, does your physical shape--and the way your body works--fit you for a particular sport? Or does your body develop a certain way because of your chosen sport?"It's about 55:45, genes to the environment," says Mike Rennie, professor of clinical physiology at Britain's University of Nottingham Medical School. Rennie cites the case of identical twins from Germany, one of whom was a long-distance athlete, the other a powerful sportsman, so, "They look quite different, despite being identical twins."Someone who's 1.5-meters tall has little chance of becoming an elite basketball player. Still, being over two meters tall won't automatically push you to Olympic gold. "Unless you have tactical sense where needed, unless you have access to good equipment, medical care and the psychological conditions, and unless you are able to drive yourself through pain, all the physical strength will be in vain," said Craig Sharp, professor of sports science at Britain's Brunel University.Jonathan Robinson, an applied sports scientist at the University of Bath's sports development department, in southwest England, points to the importance of technique. "In swimming only 5-10 per cent of the propelling force comes from the legs, so technique is vital."Having the right physique for the right sport is a good starting point. Seventeen years ago, the Australian Institute of Sport started a national Talent Search Program, which searched schools for 14-16-year-olds with the potential to be elite athletes. One of their first finds was Megan Still, world champion rower. In 1987, Still had never picked up an oar in her life. But she had almost the perfect physique for a rower. After intensive training, she won gold in women's rowing in the 1996 Atlanta Olympics.Other countries have followed the Australian example. Now the explosion of genetic knowledge has meant that there is now a search, not just for appropriate physique but also for "performance genes."57. It can be concluded from the passage that__________.A. physical strength is more important for sportspersons' successB. training conditions are more important for sportspersons' successC. genes are more important for sportspersons' successD. psychological conditions are more important for sportspersons' success58. The case of identical twins from Germany shows that_________.A. environment can help determine people's body shapeB. genes are the decisive factors for people's body shapeC. identical twins are likely to enjoy different sportsD. identical twins may have different genes for different sports59. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by Craig Sharp as a required quality for a sportsperson to win an Olympic gold medal?A. The physical strength.B. The right training conditions.C. The talent for the sports.D. The endurance for pains.60. Seventeen years ago Megan Still was chosen for rowing because____________.A. she had the talent for rowingB. her body shape was right for a rowerC. she had the performance genesD. she was a skillful rower61. The word "elite" in Paragraph 5 means ________ .A. the most wealthyB. the most skilledC. the most industriousD. the most intelligent62. The elite athletes of the future may come from people who naturally possess___________.A. the best body shapes and an iron purposeB. the extremes of the right physique and strong willsC. the right psychological conditions and sports talentsD. the right physique and genes for sportsPassage ThreeFor years, a network of citizens' groups and scientific bodies has been claiming that science of global warming is inconclusive. But who funded them?Exxon's involvement is well known. ExxonMobil is the world's most profitable corporation. It makes most of its money from oil, and has more to lose than any other company from efforts to tackle climate change. To safeguard its profits, ExxonMobil needs to sow doubt about whether serious action needs to be taken on climate change. But there are difficulties: it must confront a scientific consensus as strong as that which maintains that smoking causes lung cancer or that HIV causes Aids. So what's its strategy?The website , using data found in the company's official documents, lists 124 organizations that have taken money from the company or work closely with those that have. These organizations take a consistent line on climate change: that the science is contradictory, the scientists are split, environmentalists are liars or lunatics, and if governments took action to prevent global warming, they would be endangering the global economy for no good reason. The findings these organizations dislike are labeled "junk science". The findings they welcome are labeled "sound science".This is not to claim that all the science these groups champion is bogus. On the whole, they use selection, not invention. They will find one contradictory study - such as the discovery of tropospheric (对流层的) cooling - and promote it relentlessly. They will continue to do so long after it has been disproved by further work. So, for example, John Christy, the author of the troposphere paper, admitted in August 2005 that his figures were incorrect, yet his initial findings are still being circulated and championed by many of these groups, as a quick internet search will show you.While they have been most effective in the United States, the impacts of the climate-change deniers sponsored by Exxon have been felt all over the world. By dominating the media debate on climate change during seven or eight critical years in which urgent international talks should have been taking place, by constantly seeding doubt about the science just as it should have been most persuasive, they have justified the money their sponsors have spent on them many times over.63. Which of the following has NOT been done by the organizations to establish their position on climate change'?A. Damaging the reputation of environmentalists.B. Emphasizing the lack of consensus among scientists.C. Stressing the unnecessary harm to tile global economy.D. Protecting the scientific discoveries from being misused.64. Which of the following is closest in meaning to "bogus' (in Paragraph 4)?A. Reasonable.B. Fake.C. Limitless.D. Inconsistent.65. John Christy is mentioned to show_______________.A. how closely these organizations work with scientistsB. how these organizations select scientific findings for their own purposeC. how important correct data are for scientists to make sound discoveriesD. how one man's mistake may set back the progress of science66. The organizations sponsored by Exxon ___________.A. have lived up to their promisesB. have almost caused worldwide chaosC. have failed to achieve their original goalD. have misunderstood the request of the sponsor67. The passage is mainly focused on____________.A. Exxon's involvement in scientific scandalsB. Exxon's contributions to the issue of climate changeC. Exxon's role in delaying solutions to global warmingD. Exxon's efforts to promote more scientific discoveries68. What is the author's tone in presenting the passage?A. Factual.B. Praiseful.C. Biased.D. Encouraging.Passage FourWhere anyone reaching the age of 60 was considered to be near death's door at the turn of the 20th century, it is barely old enough for retirement at the turn of the 21st century. And scientists are still not holding back. They say that as new anti-ageing treatments become available, our species will get even older. While few would argue。
电子科技大学研究生历年学位英语考试试题及答案（8）（共5篇）
电子科技大学研究生历年学位英语考试试题及答案（8）（共5篇）第一篇：电子科技大学研究生历年学位英语考试试题及答案 (8) 2002年1月研究生英语学位课统考真题答案(GET 20020106)Keys: Part IISection A 16.CVocabulary18.A 28.D 38.C 48.A19.B 29.A 39.B 49.C20.D 30.B 40.D 50.B21.A 31.D 41.C22.D32.B 42.A23.A 33.C 43.D24.C 34.D 44.B25.A 35.A 45.D17.DSection B 26.B 27.B Part III36.B 46.D37.A 47.CClozePart IVReading Comprehension 51.C 52.D 53.A 54.B 55.A61.A 71.B62.A 72.A63.D 73.D64.B 74.B65.B 75.D56.D 66.C 76.D57.A 67.B 77.B58.D 68.D 78.B59.B 69.D 79.C60.C 70.D 80.CPaper TwoPart V TranslationSection A 【英译汉】对于一个公司产品的准确预测取决于该公司产品的知名度。
对于许多硅谷人来说，这一点令人感到无可奈何。
成长呈急剧上升趋势的新兴产业对其产品在最初几年的出色表现几乎总是惊讶不已，随后，当产品需求下降时他们又会感到手足无措。
斯坦福大学的一位商业策略教授说：“在一个充满活力和变数的市场，人们是会犯错误的。
这是由市场的内在本质所决定的。
”在硅谷的许多地方，以及在其他的地方，不可预测性是无法避免的。
解决之道是：不断创新，但同时又要开发出优良的服务项目与产品一道出售。
一位公司总裁说，“出色的服务”会抹平新产品换代过程中出现的不足。
Section B 【汉译英】In the past four years.China has managed to withstand the impact of two global economic recessions, and has enjoyed a rapid and sustainable economic growth.At present, the problem China is facing is how to turn its 1.3 billion people into consumers in the true sense, so as to expand its domestic market.第二篇：电子科技大学研究生历年学位英语考试试题及答案2004年1月研究生英语学位课统考真题讲解第二部分词汇Section A21.(D)该句意为：尽管这些农民勤劳，拼命干活，但由于闭塞，当地经济十分落后。
硕士学位英语试题及答案
硕士学位英语试题及答案一、词汇与语法（共20分）1. The word "innovative" is most closely related to which of the following?A. InnovativeB. ConservativeC. TraditionalD. Progressive答案：A2. The correct form of the verb in the sentence "She _______ the bookshelf yesterday" is:A. paintedB. was paintingC. is paintingD. will paint答案：A3. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate prepositions:The children were playing _______ the swings in the park.A. inB. onC. atD. with答案：B4. Choose the sentence that is grammatically correct:A. Neither of the students have finished the assignment.B. Neither of the students has finished the assignment.C. None of the students have finished the assignment.D. None of the students has finished the assignment.答案：B5. Which of the following is the correct use of the subjunctive mood?A. I suggest that he goes to the doctor.B. I suggest that he go to the doctor.C. I suggest that he went to the doctor.D. I suggest that he will go to the doctor.答案：B二、阅读理解（共30分）Passage 1In the last few decades, the use of technology has become an integral part of our daily lives. From smartphones to computers, technology has transformed the way we communicate, work, and learn.Questions:6. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The history of technologyB. The impact of technology on daily lifeC. The types of technology availableD. The future of technology答案：B7. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a way technology has transformed our lives?A. CommunicationB. WorkC. LeisureD. Learning答案：CPassage 2The concept of sustainable development has gained significant attention in recent years. It refers to the ability to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.Questions:8. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The definition of sustainable developmentB. The history of sustainable developmentC. The challenges of sustainable developmentD. The benefits of sustainable development答案：A9. The passage suggests that sustainable development isimportant because it:A. Ensures economic growthB. Protects the environmentC. Balances the needs of the present and futureD. Provides resources for future generations答案：C三、完形填空（共20分）[文章略]10-15题根据文章内容选择或填写。
北京市研究生学位英语考试真题及答案
北京市研究生学位英语考试真题及答案Beijing Municipal Research Graduate Entrance Examination (BMREE) is a standardized test designed to assess the English proficiency of graduate students applying for degree programs in Beijing. The exam consists of listening, reading, writing, and speaking sections, each testing different aspects of English language skills. In this article, we will provide a sample BMREE exam paper along with the answers.Listening Section:Questions 1-3:Listen to the following conversations and choose the correct answer:1. What did the man forget to bring to the meeting?A. His notesB. His laptopC. His coffeeAnswer: A. His notes2. When is the party scheduled to start?A. 7:30 pmB. 8:00 pmC. 8:30 pmAnswer: B. 8:00 pm3. What is the woman doing this weekend?A. Studying for examsB. Going shoppingC. Visiting her parentsAnswer: C. Visiting her parentsReading Section:Questions 4-6:Read the following passage and answer the questions:Passage: Climate change is a pressing issue that affects the entire planet. As global temperatures rise, glaciers melt and sea levels increase, leading to more frequent natural disasters such as hurricanes and floods. It is crucial for governments and individuals to take action to reduce carbon emissions and protect the environment for future generations.4. What is the main topic of the passage?A. Global warmingB. Natural disastersC. Environmental protectionAnswer: A. Global warming5. What are some of the consequences of climate change mentioned in the passage?A. Melting glaciers and rising sea levelsB. Droughts and wildfiresC. Earthquakes and tsunamisAnswer: A. Melting glaciers and rising sea levels6. What action does the passage suggest to address climate change?A. Planting more treesB. Reducing carbon emissionsC. Building more damsAnswer: B. Reducing carbon emissionsWriting Section:Question 7:Write an essay (200-300 words) on the following topic:"The importance of cultural exchange programs in promoting global understanding and cooperation."Speaking Section:Practice speaking about the following topics:8. Discuss a book or movie that has had a significant impact on you.9. Describe a memorable travel experience and what you learned from it.10. Talk about an important historical event and its significance.Answers:1. A2. B3. C4. A5. A6. BThis sample BMREE exam paper provides an overview of the types of questions students can expect to encounter on the test. It is important for students to prepare thoroughly by practicing listening, reading, writing, and speaking in English to achieve a high score on the exam. Good luck to all the students taking the BMREE!。
研究生考试考研英语(一201)试题与参考答案(2024年)
2024年研究生考试考研英语(一201)复习试题与参考答案一、完型填空（10分）1.In order to be admitted into a top university, many students choose to take thepostgraduate entrance examination (or GRE). This exam is designed to test astudent’s knowledge in various subjects, including math, science, and English.However, some students may struggle with certain sections of the exam, such as the GRE verbal section. To prepare for this section, it is important to practice reading and comprehension skills regularly. Additionally, memorizing vocabulary words andpracticing answering sample questions can also help improve performance on theverbal section of the GRE.二、传统阅读理解（本部分有4大题，每大题10分，共40分）第一题The article below discusses the impact of the digital revolution on traditional retail businesses. After reading the article, please answer the following questions:1.What does the author mainly discuss in the first paragraph?2.How does the author illustrate the convenience of online shopping in thesecond paragraph?3.What is the author’s main argument in the third paragraph?4.What evidence does the author provide to support the claim that onlineshopping has a negative impact on traditional retail businesses?5.What is the author’s view on the future of traditional retail businessesin the conclusion?答案1.The author mainly discusses the impact of the digital revolution ontraditional retail businesses.2.The author illustrates the convenience of online shopping by comparingthe experience of shopping online with that of shopping in a physical store.3.The author’s main argument in the third paragraph is that while onlineshopping provides convenience and a wider selection of products,traditional retail businesses are struggling to compete and mayeventually be forced out of business.4.The author provides evidence such as the decline in sales for certaintraditional retail stores due to the rise of online shopping and the fact that many consumers now start their shopping journey online.5.The author’s view on the future of traditional retail businesses is thatthey will continue to struggle unless they adapt to the changing market and find ways to integrate online shopping into their business models.第二题A new study conducted by researchers at the University of Oxford has found that the traditional reading habits of people are significantly declining. The study, wh ich was published in the journal “Reading Habits and Trends,” analyzed the reading patterns of over 2,000 individuals from various age groups and backgrounds. The results showed that while only 35% of respondents still engage in traditional reading activities, such as reading books or newspapers, 65% prefer digital forms of content, including e-books and online articles.The researchers argue that this shift is due to the increasing popularity of digital devices and the convenience of reading on a screen. However, they also noted that this change may have detrimental effects on literacy and critical thinking skills. The study found that traditional readers tend to exhibit better reading comprehension and critical thinking skills compared to their digital reading counterparts.The implications of this shift are profound. Reading, in its traditional form, has been an essential part of intellectual development for centuries. It has been used to entertain, inform, and educate for generations. As the world moves further into the digital age, the question remains: Will this shift away from traditional reading diminish our collective intellectual capabilities?1、What percentage of the respondents still engage in traditional reading activities?A) 35%B) 65%C) 50%D) 25%答案：A) 35%2、According to the study, what are some traditional reading activities mentioned?A) Watching televisionB) Reading books or newspapersC) Listening to audiobooksD) Playing video games答案：B) Reading books or newspapers3、What is the argument made by the researchers about the decline in traditional reading habits?A) The increase in e-book sales is directly correlated with the decline.B) The public library is no longer a significant influence.C) Traditional reading activities are now considered outdated.D) Television and social media are to blame.答案：A) The increase in e-book sales is directly correlated with the decline.4、Which of the following skills do traditional readers tend to exhibit better than digital readers, according to the study?A) Playing video gamesB) Critical thinking skillsC) Reading comprehensionD) Writing skills答案：C) Reading comprehension5、What is the main concern about the shift towards digital reading that the passage discusses?A) Lack of time to readB) Loss of cultural identityC) Diminished intellectual capabilitiesD) Inability to comprehend dense texts答案：C) Diminished intellectual capabilitiesThird QuestionReading PassageThe American poet Walt Whitman was known for his radical approach to poetry. He broke away from traditional forms and embraced themes of democracy, equality, and the individual. Born in 1819, Whitman’s early years were sp ent in rural New York, experiencing the simple joys and struggles of working-class life. This early exposure to the multifaceted experiences of ordinary people heavily influenced his writing.Whitman’s ground-breaking work, Leaves of Grass, first published in 1855, was met with both praise and condemnation. It challenged the conventions of Victorian poetry with its free verse style, bold imagery, and frank explorationof sexuality and the human body. Some critics were outraged by its perceived vulgarity, while others hailed it as a revolutionary manifesto for a changing America.Despite the initial controversy, Leaves of Grass ultimately became a seminal work of American literature. Whitman’s innovative style and his celebration of the common man resonated with readers who were yearning for a new voice in poetry. He became known as the “Bard of Democracy” and his influence on generations of poets, both American and international, is undeniable.Whitman’s legacy endures not only through his poetry but also thr ough his activism. He was a passionate advocate for social justice and equality, and his writings frequently addressed issues such as slavery, poverty, and women’s rights. He believed that poetry had the power to bring about social change, and he used his platform to challenge the status quo and speak out for the marginalized.Questions:1.What is the passage primarily about?•Answer: The passage is primarily about the life, work, and legacy of the American poet Walt Whitman.2.Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Whitman’s poetry mentioned in thepassage?A. Free verse styleB. Formal structure with strict rhyme schemeC. Bold imageryD. Exploration of sexuality•Answer: B3.Why was Leaves of Grass initially met with both praise and condemnation?•Answer: It challenged the conventions of Victorian poetry with its free verse style, bold imagery, and frank exploration of sexuality and the human body.4.What does the passage suggest about Whitman’s impact on future generations ofpoets?•Answer: Whitman’s innovative style and his celebration of the common man had a profound influence on generations of poets, both in America and internationally.5.According to the passage, what was one of Whitman’s primary beliefs about thepower of poetry?•Answer: Whitman believed that poetry had the power to bring about social change.第四题passage：The Role of Technology in Modern EducationWith the advent of the digital age, technology has become an integral part of modern education. Its influence is pervasive and has transformed the way students learn and teachers teach.1.Introduction of technology in education:In the past decade, technology has significantly entered the educational system. From online courses to e-learning platforms, it has made education accessible to a wider audience.2.Benefits of technology in education:The integration of technology in education has numerous advantages. It improves accessibility, as students can learn from anywhere. It also enhances learning efficiency by providing varied learning tools and resources. Additionally, technology aids in personalized learning, allowing students to learn at their own pace and style.3.Challenges of technology in education:Despite its benefits, technology in education also brings challenges.Over-dependency on technology can lead to a decline in critical thinking skills as students may not need to analyze information deeply if it is readily available online. Moreover, the lack of face-to-face interaction can affect social skills and emotional intelligence.4.Future prospects:Despite these challenges, the future of technology in education remains promising. With advancements in AI and other technologies, personalized learning will become more prevalent, and learning experiences will be further enriched. The integration of VR/AR technologies can create immersive learning environments that simulate real-world scenarios for better understanding and application of knowledge.Questions：1.How has technology transformed modern education?A. It has made education more accessible to a wider audience.B. It has replaced traditional teaching methods with digital ones entirely.C. It has increased the speed of academic progression for students.D. It has ensured equal educational opportunities for all students.答案：A2.Which of the following is NOT a benefit of technology in education?A. Improving accessibility of education.B. Reducing the need for critical thinking skills.C. Providing varied learning tools and resources.D. Personalizing the learning process for students.答案：B3.What is one challenge posed by the integration of technology in education?A. The cost of purchasing educational technology is high.B. Teachers may not be skilled in using educational technology effectively.C. Students may become overly dependent on technology for information retrieval.D. The lack of face-to-face interaction can affect social skills and emotional intelligence.答案：D4.What does the passage say about the future prospects of technology in education?A. It remains uncertain whether technology will improve education in the future.B. Technology will revolutionize education, bringing more personalized learning experiences and enriched learning experiences for students through advancements in AI and other technologies, as well as VR/AR technologies creating immersive learning environments.C. Technology will replace all traditional teaching methods in the comingyears due to its overwhelming benefits in education system today..D. There will be a reduction in usage of technology in classrooms as it will be perceived as harmful for children’s development..答案：B5 . Which statement best summarizes the overall view of this passage about the role of technology in modern education? 4 technology plays an integral part in modern education that contributes positively with numerous benefits but also brings challenges which need to be tackled properly along with further advancements in AI, VR/AR etc.. 正确答案：Technology plays an integral part in modern education that contributes positively with numerous benefits but also brings challenges which need to be tackled properly along with further advancements in AI，VR/AR etc.。
2022研究生学位英语考试真题及答案
2022研究生学位英语考试真题及答案2022 Graduate Degree English ExamDuring the 2022 graduate degree English exam, students will be tested on their proficiency in English language skills, including listening, reading, writing, and speaking. The exam is designed to assess a student's ability to communicate effectively in English and to understand and interpret a variety of texts.Here are some sample questions that students might encounter on the 2022 graduate degree English exam:Listening1. Listen to a conversation between two students discussing their classes. Answer questions about the main idea of the conversation and specific details.Reading2. Read a passage about the history of the internet and answer questions about the main idea, supporting details, and vocabulary.Writing3. Write an essay comparing and contrasting two different educational systems. Provide examples and evidence to support your arguments.Speaking4. Give a short presentation on a topic of your choice. Use visual aids and speak clearly and confidently.Students should prepare for the exam by practicing their English language skills, reviewing grammar rules, building vocabulary, and improving their listening and speaking abilities. They can also take practice exams to familiarize themselves with the format and types of questions they might encounter.Answers to these questions will vary depending on the specific exam version. However, students can find detailed explanations and sample answers in the exam preparation materials provided by their schools or testing centers.Overall, the 2022 graduate degree English exam will challenge students to demonstrate their English language proficiency and communication skills in a variety of contexts. By preparing thoroughly and approaching the exam with confidence, students can achieve success and demonstrate their readiness for graduate studies.。
2024年研究生考试-在职硕士-英语考试历年真题常考点试题3带答案
2024年研究生考试-在职硕士-英语考试历年真题常考点试题带答案（图片大小可任意调节）第1卷一.单选题(共20题)1.The Salk vaccine is a major factor in the fight to eradicate polio.pletely destroyB. carefully disguiseC. sustainD. contain2.The fear of smallpox, which terrorized the eighteenth century, has no analogy(likeness) today.A. occurrenceB. remnants 残留物C. witnessesD. parallel3.All living organisms, regardless of their unique identity, have certain biological, chemical, and physical characteristics in common.A.as a result ofB.consideringC.cognizant of(conscious of, aware of)D. whatever4.In the northeastern United States, it rains intermittently 间歇地 throughout the spring.A.steadilyB.abundantlyC. periodicallyD. dailyA.inflatedB. stableC. variedD.well-regulated6.Food must be moist in order to have a taste.A.appetizing(delicious)B. nutritiousC. dampD. chewed7.An oversight 遗漏 (miss, overslaugh) in proofreading often results in printed errors.A.An inconsistencyB. A discriminationC. A blotchD.An inattention8.Blue－green algae grow abundantly in salt marshes.A. primarilyB.slowlyC.on plants(cultivate)D. in great numbers9.The flower bud of a water lily 百合 opens at sunset since .its opening istriggered(commence) .by the decreased light.A. alleviated 减轻B. enduredC.set offD.covered up10.The future survival of the bald eagle is still an important American ecological concern.A. migrationB.populationC. existenceD. evolution11.Solid geometry has enabled astronomers to calculate the positions of the heavenly bodies relative to one another.A. on top ofB.next to12.With the acquisition of smaller companies by larger ones, the 1960's saw a wave of new conglomerates.A. surgeB.handfulC. suspensionD. dissolution 分解13.Despite the proliferation of other faster modes of transportation, the railroads remain the largest carriers of intercity freight in the United States.A.schemesB. meansC.tracksD. variables14.When carbon is added to iron in the proper proportions , the result is steel.A. containerB. sequenceC. laboratoriesD.amounts15.Formerly , in the United States, many nurses worked as private duty nurses rather than in hospitals.A.PreviouslyB. StrictlyC. OfficiallyD. Periodically16.Insect pests are among the leading causes of crop failure.A.expectedB. chiefC. naturalD. least17.The wheels of the first road vehicles were fashioned from crude stone disks.A.hand-carvedB.roughly madeC. flatD. heavy18.The Native American interpreter Sacajawea was a valuable member of the Lewis and darkA.very friendlyB. very usefulC. very thoughtful.D.very wealthy19.Urban renewal programs strive to upgrade areas that are becoming slums.A.reproachB. improveC.fortifyD.uproot20.Mary McCarthy s satires 讽刺文学 are couched in a prose style that has a classic precision.A.fusedB.prefacedC. standardizedD. expressed第2卷一.单选题(共20题)1.The first important exposition in the United States was held in Philadelphia in 1876.A.exhibitionB. concertC. excursionD.contest2.Eyespots, the most rudimentary eyes, are found in protozoan原生动物 flagellates 鞭毛虫 , flatworms 扁形虫 , and segmented worms片段蠕虫 .A.hostile-lookingB.perceptiveC. primitiveD.strangely formed3.Some animals pant and sweat to speed evaporation of body moisture and thus cool themselves.A.wiggle 摆动 slowlyD.perspire4.A mythical(imaginary) creature, the dragon was believed to have lion's claws, scaly skin, and fiery breath.A. legendaryB. magicalC.frighteningD.perplexing5.Some cosmetics manufacturers attempt to capture the rose's unmistakable fragrance香味in soaps and perfumes.A.designB.textureC. scentD. freshness6.The controls of most modern airplanes can be operated either manually or automatically.A.by the bookB.by a mapC. by logicD. by handmunication is one of the most important bonds that hold cultural systems together.A.obligationsB.qualitiesC. linksD. needs8.While Billie Holiday did not invent the music called "the blues", she most assuredly helped popularize it.A. finallyB.certainlyC.earnestlyD.enthusiastically9.People who do not sleep enough tend to become irritable .A.easily annoyedB. illC. wearyD.stiff and soreA. numberedB. stabilizedC. contrastedD.considered11.The company issues an annual report every March.A.a yearlyB. a comprehensiveC. a financialD.a product12.Cream of tartar 酒石 , a weak acid, can be added to egg whites to help them foam泡沫when they are beatenA.whippedB. agedC.boiledD.cracked13.Double Eagle in the first transatlantic balloon, was greeted by avid crowds in France.A.eagerB.surgingC.appreciativeD.vigorous14.Some sea urchins海胆 have venomous (toxin) spinesA.sensuous (feeling)B.crooked (twisted)C. poisonousD.sticky15.Some children display an unquenchable 难以抑制的 curiosity about every new thing they encounter.A.insatiable 贪的无厌的B. inherentC.indiscriminate 不加选择的D. incredible16.One of the greatest breakthroughs for professional women came in 1973 when the field of banking opened up for them.A. most serious disappointmentsB.most significant advances17.The first paper was made from the bark of the mulberry tree.A. dried woodB. outer coveringC.syrup(sirup)D. root18.In 1974 Henry Aaron broke Babe Ruth's monumental lifetime record of 714 home runs.A.archaic(old, antique)B. degrading (discredit)C.outstandingD.entire19.Formulated in 1823, the Monroe Doctrine asserted that the Americas were no longer open to European colonization.A. emphatically statedB. belligerently(aggressively) arguedC. accentuated(emphasize)D. entreated 恳求（implore, plea, invoke ）20.Ella Grasso, elected governor of Connecticut in 1974, supported the enactment (given, granted) of a freedom-of-information law.A. passingB.advocatesC. draftingD. circulation第1卷参考答案一.单选题1.参考答案： A2.参考答案： D3.参考答案： D4.参考答案： C5.参考答案： C6.参考答案： C7.参考答案： D8.参考答案： D9.参考答案： C10.参考答案： C11.参考答案： D12.参考答案： A13.参考答案： B14.参考答案： D16.参考答案： B17.参考答案： B18.参考答案： B19.参考答案： B20.参考答案： D第2卷参考答案一.单选题1.参考答案： A2.参考答案： C3.参考答案： D4.参考答案： A6.参考答案： D7.参考答案： C8.参考答案： B9.参考答案： A10.参考答案： D11.参考答案： A12.参考答案： A13.参考答案： A14.参考答案： C15.参考答案： A16.参考答案： B18.参考答案： C19.参考答案： A20.参考答案： A。
青海大学研究生学位英语考试真题及答案
青海大学研究生学位英语考试真题及答案Qinghai University Postgraduate Degree English Exam1. Listening ComprehensionPart OneDirections: This part is to test your listening ability. There are 20 statements in this section, and you need to determine whether these sentences are true (T) or false (F).Example: The weather in Qinghai is usually hot in summer.(F)1. Qinghai University was founded in 1958. (T)2. The university offers undergraduate programs only. (F)3. The exam will be held on a Saturday. (T)4. Qinghai is known for its beautiful natural scenery. (T)5. The university has a strong focus on environmental studies. (T)Part TwoDirections: In this section, you will hear a short passage. After listening to the passage, you need to answer a few questions about it. Now listen to the passage.Questions:6. What is the speaker's opinion on studying at Qinghai University?7. What are some advantages of studying at Qinghai University?8. What are some popular majors at the university?9. Why does the university attract students from around the world?10. How can students apply for admission to Qinghai University?2. Reading ComprehensionPart OneDirections: This part is to test your reading comprehension. There are 5 passages with multiple-choice questions.Passage 1Qinghai University is located in the beautiful province of Qinghai, known for its stunning natural landscapes and unique culture. The university offers a wide range of programs, including undergraduate and postgraduate degrees in various fields.Questions:11. Where is Qinghai University located?A. BeijingB. ShanghaiC. QinghaiD. Chengdu12. What is Qinghai known for?A. Its technology programsB. Its natural landscapes and cultureC. Its urban developmentD. Its population densityPassage 2The university is committed to promoting environmental sustainability and green living. Students at Qinghai Universityhave the opportunity to engage in research projects that focus on protecting the environment and preserving natural resources.Questions:13. What is one of the university's focuses?A. TechnologyB. Environmental sustainabilityC. BusinessD. Medicine14. What do students have the chance to participate in?A. Cultural eventsB. Job fairsC. Research projectsD. Sporting competitions3. Writing SkillsPart OneDirections: In this section, you need to write a short essay on the following topic:"In your opinion, what are the advantages of studying abroad at Qinghai University? Provide examples to support your argument."Word limit: 200-300 wordsSample Answer:Studying abroad at Qinghai University offers a unique experience that combines academic excellence with a rich cultural environment. One advantage of studying at Qinghai University is the opportunity to immerse oneself in the stunning natural landscapes of the province. The university's strong focus on environmental studies provides students with hands-on experience in protecting the environment and promoting green living.Another advantage of studying at Qinghai University is the chance to engage with a diverse student body from around the world. The university attracts students from different countries, creating a multicultural learning environment. This exposure to different perspectives and backgrounds enhances students' understanding of global issues and prepares them for international careers.Overall, studying abroad at Qinghai University is a rewarding experience that offers academic, cultural, and personal growth opportunities.4. Answer KeyListening Comprehension1. T2. F3. T4. T5. T6. (Sample answer: The speaker believes that studying at Qinghai University is a great opportunity for academic and personal growth.)7. (Sample answer: Some advantages of studying at Qinghai University include its beautiful natural landscapes, strong environmental focus, and diverse student body.)8. (Sample answer: Popular majors at Qinghai University include environmental studies, engineering, and international relations.)9. (Sample answer: The university attracts students from around the world due to its academic excellence, cultural richness, and unique programs.)10. (Sample answer: Students can apply for admission to Qinghai University by submitting an online application form, academic transcripts, and letters of recommendation.)Reading Comprehension11. C12. B13. B14. CWriting SkillsSample essay provided aboveOverall, the postgraduate degree English exam at Qinghai University assesses students' listening, reading, and writing skills in English. It also tests their understanding of the university's programs, values, and opportunities. Studying abroad at Qinghai University is a rewarding experience that prepares students for successful careers in a globalized world.。
2024年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语真题及答案(一)
2024年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)There’s nothing more welcoming than a door opening for you. 1 the need to be touched to open or close,automatic doors are essential in 2 disabled access to buildings and helping provide general 3 to commercial buildings.Self-sliding doors began to emerge as a commercial product in1960after being invented six years 4 by Americans Dee Horton and Lew Hewitt.They 5 as a novelty feature,but as their use has grown,their 6 have extended within our technologically advanced world.Particularly7 in busy locations or during times of emergency,the doors8 crowd management by reducing the obstacles put in people’s way.9 making access both in and out of buildings easier for people,the difference in the way many of these doors open helps reduce the total area10 by them.Automatic doors often open to the side,with the panels sliding across one another.Replacing swing doors,these11 smaller buildings to maximise the usable space inside without having to12 the way for a large,sticking-out door.There are many different types of automatic door,with each13 specific signals to tell them when to open.14 these methods differ,the main15 remain the same.Each automatic door system16 the light,sound,weight or movement in their vicinity as a signal to open.Sensor types are chosen to17 the different environments they are needed in.18 ,a busy street might not19 a motion-sensored door,as it would constantly be opening for passers-by.A pressure-sensitive mat would be more20 to limit the surveyed area.1. A.Through2. A.revealing3. A.experience4. A.previously5. A.held on6. A.relations7. eful8. A.call for9. A.As well as10.A.connected11.A.allow12.A.adopt13.A.adapting to14.A.Once15.A.records16.A.controls17.A.decorate18.A.In conclusion19.A.identify20.A.appropriateB.DespiteB.demandingB.convenienceB.temporarilyB.started outB.volumesB.simpleB.yield toB.In terms ofB.sharedB.expectB.leadB.deriving fromB.SinceB.positionsB.analysespareB.By contrastB.suitB.obviousC.BesidesC.improvingC.guidanceC.successivelyC.settled downC.benefitsC.flexibleC.insist onC.Thanks toC.representedC.requireC.clearC.relying onC.UnlessC.principlesC.producesC.protectC.For exampleC.secureC.impressiveD.WithoutD.tracingD.referenceD.eventuallyD.went byD.sourcesD.stableD.act asD.Rather thanD.occupiedD.directD.changeD.pointing atD.AlthoughD.reasonsD.mixesplementD.Above allD.includeD.delicate Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text1Nearly2,000years ago,as the Romans began to pull out of Scotland,they left behind a curious treasure:10tons of nails,nearly a million of the things.The nail hoard was discovered in1960in a four-metre-deep pit covered by two metres of gravel.Why had the Romans buried a million nails?The likely explanation is that the withdrawal was rushed,and they didn’t want the local Caledonians getting their hands on10 tons of weapon-grade iron.The Romans buried the nails so deep that they would not be discovered for almost two millennia.Later civilisations would value the skilled blacksmith’s labour in a nail even more than the raw material.As Roma Agrawal explains in her new delightful book Nuts and Bolts, early17th-century Virginians would sometimes burn down their homes if they were planning to relocate.This was an attempt to recover the valuable nails,which could be reused after sifting the ashes.The idea that one might burn down an entire house just to reclaim the nails underlines how scarce,costly and valuable the simple-seeming technology was.The price of nails fell by90%between the late1700s and mid-1900s,as economist Daniel Sichel points out in a research paper.According to Sichel,although the falling price of nails was driven partly by cheaper iron and cheaper energy,most of the credit goes to nail manufacturers who simply found more efficient ways to turn steel into nails.Nails themselves have changed over the years,but Sichel studied them because they haven’t changed much.Roman lamps and Roman chariots are very different from LED strips and sports cars,but Roman nails are still clearly nails.It would be absurd to try to track the changing price of sports cars since1695,but to ask the same question of nails makes perfect sense.I make no apology for being obsessed by a particular feature of these objects:their price.I am an economist,after all.After writing two books about the history of inventions, one thing I’ve learnt is that while it is the enchantingly sophisticated technologies that get all the hype,it’s the cheap technologies that change the world.The Gutenberg printing press transformed civilisation not by changing the nature of writing but by changing its cost—and it would have achieved little without a parallel collapse in the price of surfaces to write on,thanks to an often-overlooked technology called paper.Solar panels had few niche uses until they became cheap;now they are transforming21. The Romans buried the nails probably for the sake of____A.saving them for future use.B.keeping them from rusting.C.letting them grow in value.D.hiding them from the locals.22. The example of early17th-century Virginians is used to____A.highlight the thriftiness of early American colonists.B.illustrate the high status of blacksmiths in that period.C.contrast the attitudes of different civilisations towards nails.D.show the preciousness of nail-making technology at that time.23. What played the major role in lowering the price of nails after the late1700s?A.Increased productivity.B.Wider use of new energies.C.Fiercer market competition.D.Reduced cost of raw materials.24. It can be learned from Paragraph5that nails____A.have undergone many technological improvements.B.have remained basically the same since Roman times.C.are less studied than other everyday products.D.are one of the world’s most significant inventions.25. Which of the following best summarises the last two paragraphs?A.Cheap technologies bring about revolutionary change.B.Technological innovation is integral to economic success.C.Technology defines people’s understanding of the world.D.Sophisticated technologies develop from small inventions.Text2Parenting tips obtained from hunter-gatherers in Africa may be the key to bringing up more contented children,researchers have suggested.The idea is based on studies of communities such as the Kung of Botswana,where each child is cared for by many adults. Kung children as young as four will help to look after younger ones and“baby-wearing”,in which infants are carried in slings,is considered the norm.According to Dr Nikhil Chaudhary,an evolutionary anthropologist at Cambridge University,these practices,known as alloparenting,could lead to less anxiety for children and parents.Dr Annie Swanepoel,a child psychiatrist,believes that there are ways to incorporate them into western life.In Germany,one scheme has paired an old people’s home with a nursery.The residents help to look after the children,an arrangement akin to alloparenting. Another measure could be encouraging friendships between children in different school years,to mirror the unsupervised mixed-age playgroups in hunter-gatherer communities.In a paper published in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry,researchers said that the western nuclear family was a recent invention which broke with evolutionary history.This abrupt shift to an“intensive mothering narrative”,which suggests that mothers should manage childcare alone,was likely to have been harmful.“Such narratives can lead to maternal exhaustion and have dangerous consequences,”they wrote.By contrast,in hunter-gatherer societies adults other than the parents can provide almost half of a child’s care.One previous study looked at the Efépeople of the Democratic Republic of Congo.It found that infants had an average of14alloparents a day by the time they were18weeks old,and were passed between caregivers eight times an hour.Chaudhary said that parents now have less childcare support from family and social networks than during most of humans’evolutionary history,but introducing additional caregivers could reduce stress and maternal depression,which could have a“knock-on”benefit to a child’s wellbeing.An infant born to a hunter-gatherer society could have more than ten caregivers—this contrasts starkly to nursery settings in the UK where regulations call for a ratio of one carer to four children aged two to three.While hunter-gatherer children learnt from observation and imitation in mixed-age playgroups,researchers said that western“instructive teaching”,where pupils are asked to sit still,may contribute to conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Chaudhary said that Britain should explore the possibility that older siblings helping their parents26. According to the first two paragraphs,alloparenting refers to the practice of____A.sharing childcare among community members.B.assigning babies to specific adult caregivers.C.teaching parenting skills to older children.D.carrying infants around by their parents.27. The scheme in Germany is mentioned to illustrate____A.an attempt to facilitate intergenerational communication.B.an approach to integrating alloparenting into western society.C.the conventional parenting style in western culture.D.the differences between western and African ways of living.28. According to Paragraph4,the“intensive mothering narrative”____A.alleviates parenting pressure.B.consolidates family relationships.C.results in the child-centered family.D.departs from the course of evolution.29. According to Paragraph6,what can we learn about the nurseries in the UK?A.They tend to fall short of official requirements.B.They have difficulty finding enough caregivers.C.They ought to improve their carer-to-child ratio.D.They should try to prevent parental depression.30. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A.Instructive Teaching:A Dilemma for Anxious ParentsB.For a Happier Family,Learn from the Hunter-gatherersC.Mixed-age Playgroup,a Better Choice for Lonely ChildrenD.Tracing the History of Parenting:from Africa to EuropeText3A Polish digital artist who uses classical painting styles to create dreamy fantasy landscapes,Greg Rutkowski has made illustrations for games such as Dungeons&Dragons and Magic:The Gathering.And he’s become a sudden hit in the new world of text-to-image AI generation.His distinctive style is now one of the most commonly used prompts in the new open-source AI art generator Stable Diffusion.The tool,along with other popular image-generation AI models,allows anyone to create impressive images based on text prompts.For example,type in“Wizard with sword and a glowing orb of magic fire fights a fierce dragon Greg Rutkowski,”and the system will produce something that looks not a million miles away from works in Rutkowski’s style.But these open-source programs are built by scraping images from the internet,often without permission and proper attribution to artists.As a result,they are raising tricky questions about ethics and copyright.And artists like Rutkowski have had enough.According to the website Lexica,which tracks over10million images and prompts generated by Stable Diffusion,Rutkowski’s name has been used as a prompt around93,000 times.Rutkowski was initially surprised but thought it might be a good way to reach new audiences.Then he tried searching for his name to see if a piece he had worked on had been published.The online search brought back work that had his name attached to it but wasn’t his.“It’s been just a month.What about in a year?I probably won’t be able to find my work out there because the internet will be flooded with AI art,”Rutkowski says.“That’s concerning.”Other artists besides Rutkowski have been surprised by the apparent popularity of their work in text-to-image generators—and some are now fighting back.Karla Ortiz,an illustrator based in San Francisco who found her work in Stable Diffusion’s data set,has been raising awareness about the issues around AI art and copyright.Artists say they risk losing income as people start using AI-generated images based on copyrighted material for commercial purposes.But it’s also a lot more personal,Ortiz says, arguing that because art is so closely linked to a person,it could raise data protection and privacy problems.。
硕士学位英语试题及答案
硕士学位英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分）1. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选择最佳答案。
A. 文章主要讨论了什么主题？a) 教育的重要性b) 科技发展的影响c) 环境问题的严重性d) 经济发展的挑战答案：c2. 根据文章内容，以下哪项不是作者提出的观点？a) 环境问题需要全球合作解决b) 个人行为对环境影响有限c) 政府应制定更严格的环保法规d) 企业应承担更多的环保责任答案：b3. 文章中提到的“绿色技术”指的是什么？a) 减少废物排放的技术b) 提高能源效率的技术c) 利用可再生能源的技术d) 所有上述技术答案：d二、词汇与语法（共30分）4. 用所给单词的正确形式填空。
- The company has announced a significant _______ in profits this year. (increase)- Despite the _______ weather, the athletes continuedtheir training. (change)答案：- increase- changing5. 选择正确的选项完成句子。
- The project was delayed due to _______.a) insufficient fundsb) sufficient funds- The meeting was scheduled for 3 p.m., but it was _______.c) postponedd) advanced答案：- a) insufficient funds- c) postponed三、翻译（共20分）6. 将下列句子从英语翻译成中文。
- "The rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes in our daily lives."答案：技术的快速发展已经给我们的日常生活带来了显著的变化。
2024年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语真题及答案
2024年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语真题及答案一、听力理解真题：（以下为听力部分的部分题目示例）1. What does the speaker mainly talk about in the lecture?A. The importance of exercise for health.B. Different types of exercise and their benefits.C. How to create a personal exercise plan.D. The relationship between exercise and mental health.答案：B2. Why did the woman decide to study abroad?A. To improve her language skills.B. To experience a different culture.C. To pursue her dream career.D. To meet new friends.答案：B二、阅读理解真题：（以下为阅读理解部分的部分题目示例）Passage 1:In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the concept of work-life balance. Many people believe that achieving a balance between work and personal life is essential for overall well-being. However, the reality is that work-life balance can be challenging to achieve.Question: What is the main idea of this passage?A. The importance of work-life balance.B. The difficulties in achieving work-life balance.C. The benefits of work-life balance.D. The definition of work-life balance.答案：BPassage 2:The rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes in the way we communicate. With the advent of social media, people can now connect with each other instantly, regardless of geographical distance. However,this has also led to some negative consequences, such as reduced face-to-face interactions and increased loneliness.Question: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a negative consequence of social media?A. Reduced face-to-face interactions.B. Increased loneliness.C. Decreased productivity.D. Privacy concerns.答案：C三、完形填空真题：（以下为完形填空部分的部分题目示例）The Internet has revolutionized the way we live, work, and communicate. It has opened up a world of possibilities, but it also comes with its own set of challenges. One such challenge is the issue of online privacy. Many people are concerned about the amount of personal information that is collected and shared online without their consent.Question: The word "revolutionized" in the first sentence could be best replaced by:A. ChangedB. ImprovedC. DestroyedD. Simplified答案：A四、翻译真题：（以下为翻译部分的部分题目示例）1. 英译汉："The pursuit of happiness is a fundamental human right."答案：追求幸福是基本的人权。
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2013年1月研究生英语学位课统考真题AGENERAL ENGLISH QUALIFYING TEST FOR NON-ENGLISH MAJORGRADUATE STUDENTS(GETJUN2710)PAPER ONEPART ⅠLISTENING COMPREHENSIONSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be read only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.1. A. He has better hearing than others.B. He doesn't care what the woman may say.C. He is eager to know the news.D. He doesn't believe what the woman said.2. A. She thinks the camera is the latest style.B. She thinks the camera is multi-functional.C. She thinks the camera is small and fashionable.D. She doesn't think there's anything new with the camera.3. A. She asks the man to postpone the invitation.B. She tells the man to take a raincoat with him.C. She refuses the invitation because it is raining hard.D. She wants the man to pay the dinner check.4. A. The manager will report to the company.B. The manager will make trouble for the man.C. The manager will get into trouble.D. The manager will fire the man.5. A. She's not courageous enough.B. She didn't have enough time.C. She was afraid of the monster.D. She didn't like the game.6. A. He's broke. B. He's sick.C. He's very tired.D. He has something to do at home.7. A. Stock trading is not profitable.B. The stock market is always unstable.C. Stock trading is easier than the man said.D. Stock trading is not as easy as the man thinks.8. A. James is warm-hearted.B. James is a car technician.C. James knows the woman's car very well.D. James is very skillful in car repairing.9. A. Jake would do stupid things like this.B. The man's conclusion is not based on facts.C. The man shouldn't be on a date with another girl.D. Jake didn't tell the man's girlfriend about his date.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear two mini-talks. At the end of each talk, there will be some questions. Both the talks and the questions will be read to you only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Mini-talk One10. A. In 1984. B. In 1986. C. In 1992. D. In 1996.11. A. Almost 25 billion dollars. B. Almost 2.5 billion dollars.C. Almost 25 million dollars.D. Almost 2.5 million dollars.12. A. Her family. B. Her mother. C. Her father. D. Herself.Mini-talk Two13. A. It covers an area of more than 430 hectares.B. It took more than 16 years to complete.C. The lakes and woodlands were all built by human labor.D. The two designers of the park were from Britain.14. A. 7 kilometers. B. 9 kilometers.C. 39 kilometers.D. 93 kilometers.15. A. Baseball, football and volleyball.B. Basketball, baseball and football.C. Basketball, football and hockey.D. Chess, baseball and table tennis.Section CDirections: In this section you will bear a short lecture. Listen to the recording and complete the notes about the lecture. You will hear the recording twice. After the recording you are asked to write down your answers on the Answer Sheet. You now have 25 seconds to read the notes below.16. The new exhibit is called " ______ ."17. The Family of Man show was designed to express the connections that ______.18. The new exhibit was held at ______.19. The new exhibit is divided into several parts:"Children of Man,""Family of Man,""Cities of Man,""Faith of Man", and"______"20. The theme that comes out is really the unity of mankind that ______.PART ⅡVOCABULARYSection ADirections: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.21. If a country turned inward and insulated itself, the result would be a diminished standard of living.A. worshipedB. splitC. innovatedD. isolated22. The values and beliefs will dictate the direction of your pursuit as well as your life.A. ruleB. shapeC. alterD. complicate23. Studies have proved that smart people tend to be smart across different kinds of realms.A. realitiesB. fieldsC. occupationsD. courses24. Humans are beginning to realize that raising food animals contributes substantially to climate change.A. physicallyB. materiallyC. considerablyD. favorably25. This peer-reviewed journal has a specific emphasis on effective treatment of acute pain.A. urgentB. severeC. sternD. sensitive26. One way to maintain social stability is to crack down on crime while creating more jobs.A. clamp down onB. settle down toC. look down uponD. boil down to27. The city council decided to set up a school devoted exclusively to the needs of problem children.A. forcefullyB. externallyC. reluctantlyD. entirely28. City residents have a hard time trying to avoid contact with hazardous chemicals in daily life.A. dangerousB. prevalentC. novelD. invasive29. The most important aspect of maintaining a healthy diet is whether you can stick to it.A. insist onB. dwell onC. coincide withD. adhere to30. I tried to talk my daughter into dining out in a nearby restaurant that evening, but in vain.A. to my surpriseB. on her ownC. to no effectD. to some extentSection BDirections: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.31. We won't have safe neighborhoods unless we're always ______ on drug criminals.A. toughB. roughC. thoroughD. enough32. The challenge for us is to ______ these new states in building a more prosperous future.A. participateB. engageC. commitD. contribute33. Forty-five years of conflict and ______ between East and West are now a thing of the past.A. convictionB. compatibilityC. collaborationD. confrontation34. Few people know the shape of the next century, for the genius of a free people______ prediction.A. deniesB. defiesC. repliesD. relies35. These countries are ______ concluding a free trade agreement to propel regional development.A. on the verge ofB. in the interest ofC. on the side ofD. at the expense of36. We'll continue along the road ______ by our presidents more than seventy years ago.A. given outB. made outC. wiped outD. mapped out37. When you win, your errors are ______; when you lose, your errors are magnified.A. expandedB. obscuredC. cultivatedD. exaggerated38. Although in her teens, the eldest daughter had to quit school to help ______ the family.A. provide forB. head forC. fall forD. go for39. Carbon ______ refers to the total set of greenhouse gases emissions caused by an organization.A. fingerprintB. footstepC. footprintD. blueprint40. There is no question that ours is a just cause and that good will ______.A. vanishB. wanderC. witherD. prevailPART ⅢCLOZE TESTDirections: There are 10 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.When people search online, they leave a trail that remains stored on the central computers of firms such as Google, Yahoo and Microsoft. Analyzing what we're looking for on the Web can offer a remarkable (41) into our anxieties and enthusiasms. UK writer and Internet expert John Battelle wrote on his blog, "This can tell us (42) things about who we are and what we want as a (43) ." Google's experimental service Google Trends, for example, compares the numbers of people searching for different words and phrases from 2004 to the present. According to these graphs, sometimes people's interests are obviously (44) the news agenda: when the Spice Girls announce a reunion, there's an immediate (45) to find out more about them. Other results are strikingly seasonal: people go shopping online for coats in winter and short pants in summer.The most fascinating possibility is that search data might help (46) people's behavior. When we search online for a certain brand of stereo system, we are surely indicating we're more (47) to buy that brand.Perhaps we search for a political candidate's name when we are thinking about (48) him or her. Maybe we even search for "stock market crash" or "recession" just before we start (49) our investments. This information could clearly be useful to a smart marketer--it's already how Google decides which (50) to show on its search results pages--or to a political campaign manager.41. A. investigation B. insight C. consideration D. prospect42. A. extraordinary B. obvious C. mysterious D. sensitive43. A. culture B. nation C. person D. mass44. A. reduced to B. resulting in C. backed up by D. driven by45. A. rush B. push C. charge D. dash46. A. presume B. preoccupy C. predict D. preserve47. A. liking B. alike C. like D. likely48. A. fighting against B. voting forC. believing inD. running for49. A. withdrawing from B. depositing inC. turning downD. adding to50. A. notices B. papersC. advertisementsD. statementsPART ⅣREADING COMPREHENSIONDirections: In this part of the test, there are five short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the four choices given and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Passage OneNew York's WCBS puts it in a way that just can't be better expressed: "It was an accident waiting to happen."15-year-old Alexa Longueira was wandering along the street in Staten Island, obliviously tapping text messages into her phone as she walked. Distracted by her phone, she failed to notice the open manhole (下水道窨井) in her path, and plunged into it, taking an unprepared bath of raw sewage along with receiving moderate injuries. Longueira called the dive "really gross, shocking and scary."It's not all Longueira's fault. The manhole shouldn't have been left uncovered and unattended, and no warning signs or hazard cones had been set up near the work site.A worker with New York's Department of Environmental Protection (DEP), who was preparing to flush the sewage, helped her out, and the department later issued a formal apology for the incident.Nonetheless, observers are harshly divided over who is to blame here. The DEP is certainly at fault for failing to secure the manhole, but to what extent should the girl be held accountable for failure to be aware of her surroundings? If she had stepped into traffic and been hit by a car, would her reaction (that is: anger and a potential lawsuit) be any different?Detachment from one's environment due to electronic gadgets is a growing problem--and a hazardous one. The government is even trying to get involved, with multiple laws on the books across the country outlawing cell phone use and text messaging while operating a motor vehicle in the wake of serious accidents involving distracted drivers. New York Senator Kruger even tried to criminalize the use of handheld devices (including phones, music players, and game players) by pedestrians while they are crossing streets in major New York cities, due to concerns over the number of auto vs. pedestrian accidents.Following a substantial outcry, that legislation appears never to have been formally introduced. But did Kruger have a point?What interested me, at least, is the end of the stow above that Longueira lost a shoe in the sewage. But since other things are not reported as lost, I'm guessing she appears to have managed to keep her grip on her phone during the accident.51. By "It was an accident waiting to happen" , New York's WCBS meant that______.A. the accident should have been avoidableB. this kind of accidents happen frequentlyC. somebody was glad to see what would happenD. an open manhole is sure a trap for careless pedestrians52. When the girl fell into the open manhole, she ______.A. was seriously hurtB. was frightenedC. took a bath in the raw sewageD. cried help to the DEP worker53. According to the author, who was to blame for the accident?A. The girl herself.B. The DEP worker.C. Both of them.D. Nobody.54. According to the passage, which of the following is illegal in the U.S.?A. Talking on a cell phone while driving.B. Text messaging while walking across a street.C. Operating music players while driving.D. Operating game players while walking across a street.55. The phrase "in the wake of"(Para.5) is closest in meaning to "______".A. in view ofB. on condition ofC. as far asD. with regard to56. The author found it funny that the girl had ______.A. lost a shoe in the sewage in the accidentB. reported nothing lost after the accidentC. got a firm hold of her phone during the accidentD. managed to keep herself upright in the manholePassage TwoAccording to a study, intellectual activities make people eat more than when just resting. This has shed new light on brain food. This finding might also help explain the obesity epidemic of a society in which people often sit.Researchers split 14 university student volunteers into three groups for a 45-minute session of either relaxing in a sitting position, reading and summarizing a text, or completing a series of memory, attention, and alert tests on the computer. After the sessions, the participants were invited to eat as much as they pleased.Though the study involved a very small number of participants, the results were stark. The students who had done the computer tests downed 253 more calories or 29.4 percent more than the couch potatoes. Those who had summarized a text consumed 203 more calories than the resting group.Blood samples taken before, during, and after revealed that intellectual work causes much bigger fluctuations in glucose(葡萄糖) levels than rest periods, perhaps owing to the stress of thinking.The researchers figure the body reacts to these fluctuations by demanding food to restore glucose--the brain's fuel. Glucose is converted by the body from carbohydrates (碳水化合物) and is supplied to the brain via the bloodstream. The brain cannot make glucose and so needs a constant supply. Brain cells need twice as much energy as other cells in the body.Without exercise to balance the added intake, however, such "brain food" is probably not smart. Various studies in animals have shown that consuming fewer calories overall leads to sharper brains and longer life, and most researchers agree that the findings apply, in general, to humans.And, of course, eating more can make you fat."Caloric overcompensation following intellectual work, combined with the fact that we are less physically active when doing intellectual tasks, could contribute to the obesity epidemic currently observed in industrialized countries," said lead researcher Jean-Philippe Chaput at Laval University in Quebec City, Canada. "This is a factor that should not be ignored, considering that more and more people hold jobs of an intellectual nature," the researcher concluded.57. The passage mainly tells us that ______.A. consuming fewer calories can lead to sharper brainsB. thinking consumed more calories than restingC. resting more can make people fatD. brain cells need more energy than other cells in the body58. It is implied that to avoid obesity, people who have to sit long should ______.A. think more and eat lessB. increase the intake of vitaminsC. skip some mealsD. eat less potatoes59. The word "stark" in the 3rd paragraph is closest in meaning to "______".A. negativeB. obscureC. absoluteD. ambiguous60. According to the research, which of the following activities consumed the most calories?A. Relaxing in a sitting position.B. Reading professional books.C. Summarizing a text.D. Completing tests on the computer.61. According to the passage, eating less may make people ______.A. smarterB. less intelligentC. more emotionalD. live a shorter life62. One of the reasons for the obesity epidemic currently observed in industrialized countries is that in these countries ______.A. people take different exercisesB. fewer people watch their weightC. fewer people hold physical jobsD. foods are much cheaperPassage ThreeOne of the simple pleasures of a lazy summer day is to be able to enjoy a refreshing slice of watermelon either at the beach, at a picnic, or fresh from the farmer's market. Delicious and nutritious, watermelon is one of those guilt-free foods we can all enjoy: one cup of watermelon packs only about 50 calories! Watermelons are not only cooling treats for when the mercury starts to rise; they are also loaded with healthy nutrients such as vitamin A, vitamin C, lycopene (番茄红素 ), and etc. Vitamins A and C and lycopene are antioxidants, which are substances that work to help get rid of the harmful effects of substances.Research has suggested that a diet high in fruits and vegetables that have plenty of antioxidants can reduce the risk of heart disease, some cancers, and some other dangerous diseases. A cup of watermelon provides 25% of the recommended daily value of vitamin C and 6% of the recommended daily value of vitamin A. Additionally, researchers have found that lycopene, a nutrient most traditionally associated with tomatoes, is found in equal or greater quantities in watermelon. Watermelons also provide significant amounts of vitamin B6 and vitamin B1, both of which are necessary for energy production. In combination with the minerals and vitamins already described, these B vitamins add to the high nutrient richness of watermelon. Due to its high water content (watermelon is 92% water by weight) and low calorie count, watermelon is a good choice to satisfy your hunger while you try to eat a healthy diet. Think of them as nature's answer to the heavily marketed "vitamin water" craze.Besides the textured, watery flesh of the fruit, watermelon seeds are also widely eaten as a snack. They are rich in iron and protein and are often pressed for oil or roasted and seasoned.So if you are planning on dining outdoor this summer, or simply looking for a quick and convenient refreshment to serve to unexpected company or reckless children, reach for watermelon. The kids will enjoy its crisp taste and messy juices, the adults will enjoy its refreshing flavors, and everyone will benefit from its nutritious value.63. We don't feel guilt even if we eat more watermelon because ______.A. it is deliciousB. it is nutritiousC. it contains low caloriesD. it contains antioxidants64. The phrase "when the mercury starts to rise" (Para. 1) probably means "______".A. in summer eveningsB. on sunny daysC. when people are thirstyD. when it is getting hot65. How many cups of watermelon can satisfy the daily need for vitamin C?A. 1.B. 2.C. 3.D. 4.66. By saying "Think of them as nature's answer to the heavily marketed" vitamin water "craze", the author means ______.A. watermelon can take the place of vitaminsB. with watermelon, people don't have to buy vitamin waterC. natural foods are much better than the manufactured onesD. the vitamin water has been over-advertised67. Watermelon seeds are often ______.A. fried in oilB. stored for seasonsC. prepared with spiceD. pressed before being cooked68. The best title of the passage is ______.A. Watermelon--the Most Enjoyable RefreshmentB. The Wonders of WatermelonC. The Nutrients in WatermelonD. Watermelon--the Best Summer Food for ChildrenPassage FourInitial voyages into space introduced questions scientists had never before considered. Could an astronaut swallow food in zero gravity? To keep things simple, astronauts on the Project Mercury ate foods squeezed out of tubes. It was like serving them baby food in a toothpaste container.But these early tube meals were flavorless, and astronauts dropped too many pounds. "We know that astronauts have lost weight in every American and Russian manned flight," wrote NASA scientists Malcolm Smith in 1969. "We don't know why." Feeding people in space was not as easy as it looked.Floating around in space isn't as relaxing as it might sound. Astronauts expend a lot of energy and endure extreme stresses on their bodies. Their dietary requirements are therefore different from those of their gravity-bound counterparts on Earth. For example, they need extra calcium to compensate for bone loss. 'A low-salt diet helps slow the process, but there are no refrigerators in space, and salt is often used to help preserve foods," says Vickie Kloeris of NASA. "We have to be very careful of that." By the Apollo missions, NASA had developed a nutritionally balanced menu with a wide variety of options. Of course, all the items were freeze-dried or heat- treated to kill bacteria, and they didn't look like regular food.Today, the most elaborate outer-space meals are consumed in the International Space Station (ISS), where astronauts enjoy everything from steak to chocolate cake. The ISS is a joint venture between the U.S. and Russia, and diplomatic guidelines dictate the percentage of food an astronaut must eat from each country. NASA's food laboratory has 185 different menu items, Russia offers around 100, and when Japan sent up its first crew member in 2008, about 30 dishes came with him. Due to dietary restrictions and storage issues, astronauts still can't eat whatever they want whenever they feel like it.In 2008, NASA astronaut and ISS crew member Sandra Magnus became the first person to try to cook a meal in space. It took her over an hour to cook onions and garlic in the space station's food warmer, but she managed to create a truly delicious dish: grilled tuna (金枪鱼) in a lemon-garlic-ginger sauce---eaten from a bag, of course.69. Which of the following is true about the early space meals?A. They had to be eaten from a bag.B. They tasted better than they looked.C. They could not make eating as easy as possible.D. They were not nutritious enough for astronauts.70. It seems that astronauts' weight loss ______.A. was an unusual problem among astronautsB. was what puzzled the early scientistsC. caused new problems in space flightsD. drew the attention of the general public71. According to Vickie Kloeris, serving a low-salt diet in space ______.A. is easier said than doneB. is not absolutely necessaryC. has worked as expectedD. will be the future trend72. In the International Space Station,______.A. there is enough space to store enough foods for astronautsB. there is a selection of flavored foods from a dozen countriesC. astronauts in general prefer foods from their own countriesD. astronauts' need to eat their favorite foods can't always be met73. It can be learned that Sandra Magnus' cooking in space ______.A. left much to be desiredB. wasn't worth the effortC. was quite satisfactoryD. has inspired the others74. The passage mainly introduces ______.A. the variety of food options in spaceB. the dietary need of astronauts in spaceC. the problems of living in the space stationD. the improvement of food offered in spacePassage FiveIs it possible to be both fat and fit--not just fit enough to exercise, but fit enough to live as long as someone a lot lighter? Not according to a 2004 study from the Harvard School of Public Health which looked at 115,000 nurses aged between 30 and 55. Compared with women who were both thin and active, obese (overweight) but active women had a mortality rate that was 91% higher. Though far better than the inactive obese (142% higher), they were still worse off than the inactive lean (5% higher). A similar picture emerged in 2008 after researchers examined 39,000 women with an average age of 54. Compared with active women of normal weight, the active but overweight were 54% more likely to develop heart disease.That's settled, then. Or is it? Steven Blair, a professor of exercise science at the University of South Carolina, describes the official focus on obesity as an "obsession ... and it's not grounded in solid data".Blair's most fascinating study, in the Journal of the American Medical Association in 2007, took 2,600 people aged 60 and above, of various degrees of fatness, and tested their fitness on the exercise device, rather than asking them to quantify it themselves. This is an unusually rigorous approach, he claims, since many rival surveys ask participants to assess their own fitness, or ignore it as a factor altogether."There is an 'association' between obesity and fitness," he agrees, "but it is not perfect. As you progress towards overweight, the percentage of individuals who are fit does go down. But here's a shock: among class Ⅱ obese individuals [with a body mass index between 35 and 39.9], about 40% or 45% are still fit. You simply cannot tell by looking whether someone is fit or not. When we look at these mortality rates in fatpeople who are fit, we see that the harmful effect of fat just disappears: their death rate during the next decade is half that of the normal weight people who are unfit." One day--probably about a hundred years from now--this fat-but-fit question will be answered without the shadow of a doubt. In the meantime, is there anything that all the experts agree on? Oh yes: however much your body weighs, you'll live longer if you move it around a bit.75. It can be learned that the 2008 research ______.A. posed a challenge to the 2004 studyB. confirmed the findings of the 2004 studyC. solved the problems left behind by the 2004 studyD. had a different way of thinking from the 2004 study76. Steven Blair probably describes the previous studies as ______.A. unreliableB. uncreativeC. unrealisticD. untraditional77. The major difference between Blair's study and the previous research is that______.A. Blair excluded the participants' fitness as a factorB. Blair guessed the participants' fitness after weighing themC. Blair required the participants to assess their own fitnessD. Blair evaluated the participants' fitness through physical tests78. Blair's study proves that ______.A. the weight problem should be taken seriouslyB. weight and fitness are strongly connectedC. it is possible to be both fat and fitD. fat people have a higher death rate79. It can be seen from the description of these studies that the author ______.A. shows no preference for any researcherB. finds no agreement between the researchersC. obviously favors the Blair studyD. obviously favors the Harvard study80. The purpose of writing this passage is to ______.A. call on people to pay attention to weight problemB. present the different findings of various weight studiesC. compare the strength and weakness of different studiesD. offer suggestions on how to remain fit and live longerPAPER TWOPART ⅤTRANSLATIONSection ADirections: Put the following paragraph into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on Answer Sheet Ⅱ.The reason for not classifying carbon dioxide as a pollutant is that it is a natural component of the atmosphere and needed by plants to carry out biological synthesis. No one would argue that carbon dioxide is a necessary component of the atmosphere any more than one would argue the fact that Vitamin D is necessary in the human diet. However, excess intake of Vitamin D can be extremely toxic. Living systems, be they an ecosystem or an organism, require that a delicate balance be maintained between certain compounds in order for the system to function normally. When the excess presence of one substance threatens the wellbeing of an ecosystem, it becomes toxic despite the fact that it is required in small quantities.Section B。