大学一年级上学期-微观经济学-帕金-chapter_13
微观经济13PPT课件
© 2010 Pearson Education Canada
Monopoly and How It Arises
How Monopoly Arises A monopoly has two key features: No close substitutes Barriers to entry No Close Substitute If a good has a close substitute, even if it is produced by only one firm, that firm effectively faces competition from the producers of the substitute. A monopoly sells a good that has no close substitutes.
© 2010 Pearson Education Canada
Monopoly and How It Arises
In a natural monopoly, economies of scale are so powerful that they are still being achieved even when the entire market demand is met.
The LRAC curve is still sloping downward when it meets the demand cu
Monopoly and How It Arises
Ownership Barriers to Entry An ownership barrier to entry occurs if one firm owns a significant portion of a key resource. During the last century, De Beers owner 90 percent of the world’s diamonds.
曼昆微观经济学chapter13讲义资料
Copyright © 2006 Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Ltd.
Fixed and Variable Costs
PART 5
FIRM BEHAVIOR AND THE ORGANIZATION OF INDUSTRY
The Costs of Production
Copyright © 2006 Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Ltd.
13
Learning Objectives
Copyright © 2006 Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Ltd.
Figure 1 Economic versus Accountants
How an Economist Views a Firm
How an Accountant Views a Firm
● Total Cost
➢ The market value of the inputs a firm uses in production.
Copyright © 2006 Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Ltd.
Total Revenue, Total Cost, and Profit
● Accountants measure the accounting profit as the firm’s total revenue minus only the firm’s explicit costs.
大学一年级下学期-微观经济学-帕金-chapter_4
大学一年级下学期-微观经济学-帕金-chapter_4Microeconomics, 11e (Parkin)Chapter 4 Elasticity1 Price Elasticity of Demand1) Suppose the price of burgers increases from $2 to $3 each. The degree to which quantity demanded responds to this price increase depends on theA) price elasticity of demand.B) the price elasticity of supply.C) ine elasticity of demand.D) cross elasticity of demand.Answer: ATopic: Price Elasticity of DemandSkill: AnalyticalStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills2) The price elasticity of demand measuresA) how often the price of a good changes.B) the slope of a budget curve.C) how sensitive the quantity demanded is to changes in demand.D) the responsiveness of the quantity demanded to changes in price.Answer: DTopic: Price Elasticity of DemandSkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills3) Elasticity measures theA) percentage change in a variable.B) slope of a curve.C) change in a variable.D) responsiveness of a variable to a change in another variable.Answer: DTopic: Price Elasticity of DemandSkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills4) The price elasticity of demand for purses is measured in what units?A) dollarsB) pursesC) dollars per purseD) The price elasticity of demand is a unitless measure.Answer: DTopic: Price Elasticity of DemandSkill: RecognitionStatus: RevisedAACSB: Analytical Skills5) The price elasticity of demand is defined as the magnitude of theA) change in quantity demanded divided by the change in price.B) change in price divided by the change in quantity demanded.C) percentage change in quantity demanded divided by the percentage change in price.D) percentage change in price divided by the percentagechange in quantity demanded.Answer: CTopic: Price Elasticity of DemandSkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills6) The price elasticity of demand is calculated as the absolute value of theA) percentage change in quantity demanded divided by the percentage change in price.B) percentage change in price divided by the percentage change in quantity demanded.C) change in quantity demanded divided by the change in price.D) change in price divided by the change in quantity demanded.Answer: ATopic: Price Elasticity of DemandSkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills7) The price elasticity of demand equals magnitude of theA) change in the price divided by the change in quantity demanded.B) change in the quantity demanded divided by the change in price.C) percentage change in the price divided by the percentage change in the quantity demanded.D) percentage change in the quantity demanded divided by the percentage change in the price. Answer: DTopic: Calculating ElasticitySkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills8) The price elasticity of demand is equal to the ________ in the ________ divided by the ________ in the ________.A) percentage change; price; percentage change; quantity demandedB) change; price; change; quantity demandedC) percentage change; quantity demanded; percentage change; priceD) change; quantity demanded; change; priceAnswer: CTopic: Price Elasticity of DemandSkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills9) The price elasticity of demand depends onA) the units used to measure price and the units used to measure quantity.B) the units used to measure price but not the units used to measure quantity.C) the units used to measure quantity but not the units used to measure price.D) neither the units used to measure price nor the units used to measure quantity.Answer: DTopic: Price Elasticity of DemandSkill: ConceptualStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills10) When the quantity of coal is measured in kilograms instead of pounds, the demand for coal beesA) more elastic.B) less elastic.C) neither more nor less elastic.D) undefined.Answer: CTopic: Calculating ElasticitySkill: ConceptualStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills11) The price elasticity of demand for oranges ________ change if the units of the quantity was changed from pounds to kilograms and ________ change if the units of the price was changed from dollars to cents.A) would; wouldB) would; would notC) would not; wouldD) would not; would notAnswer: DTopic: Price Elasticity of DemandSkill: ConceptualStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills12) Suppose the quantity of gasoline is measured in gallons and the price of gasoline is measured in dollars. The price elasticity of demand is 0.67. If the price of gasoline was now measured in cents rather than dollars, the price elasticity of demand would now beA) 0.0067.B) 0.67.C) 6.7.D) 67.0.Answer: BTopic: Price Elasticity of DemandSkill: AnalyticalStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills13) A decrease in the price of eggs from $1.50 to $1.30 per dozen resulted in an increase in egg purchases in two cities. In Philadelphia, daily egg purchases increased from 6000 to 8000 dozens; in nearby Dover, Delaware, daily egg purchases increased from 300 to 400 dozens. The price elasticity of demand is thereforeA) lower in the smaller city as would be expected.B) greater in the smaller city as would be expected.C) certainly affected by population differences in different markets.D) the same in Philadelphia as in Dover.Answer: DTopic: Calculating ElasticitySkill: AnalyticalStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills14) Dan sells newspapers. Dan says that a 4 percent increase in the price of a newspaper will decrease the quantity of newspapers demanded by 8 percent. According to Dan, the demand for newspapers is________.A) inelasticB) unit elasticC) perfectly elasticD) elasticAnswer: DTopic: Calculating ElasticitySkill: AnalyticalStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills15) The price elasticity of demand for furniture is estimated at 1.3. This value means a one percent increase in theA) price of furniture will increase the quantity of furniture demanded by 1.3 percent.B) price of furniture will decrease the quantity of furniture demanded by 1.3 percent.C) quantity of furniture demanded will decrease the price of furniture by 1.3 percent.D) quantity of furniture demanded will increase the price of furniture by 1.3 percent.Answer: BTopic: Calculating ElasticitySkill: AnalyticalStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills16) The price elasticity of demand for oil is estimated at 0.05. This value means a 10 percent increase in theA) quantity of oil demanded will result from a 0.5 percent increase in the price of oil.B) quantity of oil demanded will result from a 0.5 percent decrease in the price of oil.C) price of oil will increase the quantity of oil demanded by0.5 percent.D) price of oil will decrease the quantity of oil demanded by0.5 percent.Answer: DTopic: Calculating ElasticitySkill: AnalyticalStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills17) If a 6 percent decrease in the price leads to a 5 percent increase in the quantity demanded, the price elasticity of demand isA) 0.30.B) 0.60.C) 0.83.D) 1.20.Answer: CTopic: Calculating ElasticitySkill: AnalyticalStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills18) A 10 percent increase in the quantity of spinach demanded results from a 20 percent decline in its price. The price elasticity of demand for spinach isA) 0.5.B) 2.0.C) 10.0.D) 20.0.Answer: ATopic: Calculating ElasticitySkill: AnalyticalStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills19) A 20 percent increase in the quantity of pizza demanded results from a 10 percent decline in its price. The price elasticity of demand for pizza isA) 0.5.B) 2.0.C) 10.0.D) 20.0.Answer: BTopic: Calculating ElasticitySkill: AnalyticalStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills20) If a 20 percent increase in the price of a used car results in a 10 percent decrease in the quantity of used cars demanded, then the price elasticity of demand equalsA) 0.5.B) 1.0.C) 2.0.D) 10.0.Answer: ATopic: Calculating ElasticitySkill: AnalyticalStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills。
微观经济学习题 迈克尔帕金
《微观经济学》习题♣第一章导论一、判断题1、如果各种经济资源都很充裕即不存在稀缺问题，那么就不需要经济学。
2、社会生产位于生产可能线之内是正常的，而位于生产可能线之上是不正常的。
3、有选择就有成本，这种成本就是会计成本。
4、经济学就是研究社会如何利用稀缺资源生产人类需要的产品和劳务。
5、实证经济学主要强调“应该怎么样”。
参考答案：TFFFTF二、单项选择题1、现有资源不能充分满足人的欲望这一实事被称为（ b ）。
A.机会成本B.稀缺性C.生产什么问题D.实证经济学2、稀缺性问题（ C ）。
A.只存在于依靠市场机制的经济中B.只存在于依靠命令机制的经济中C.存在于所有经济中D.意味着抢购和黑市交易3、经济物品是指（ D ）A.有用的物品B.稀缺的物品C.要用钱购买的物品D.有用且稀缺的物品4、经济学科定义为（C ）A.研究政府如何对市场机制进行干预的科学B.消费者如何获得收入并进行消费的学说C.研究如何合理的配置稀缺资源于诸多竞争性用途的科学D.生产者怎样取得利润5、经济学研究的基本问题包括DA.生产什么，生产多少B.怎样生产C.为谁生产D.以上问题都包括6、资源是稀缺的是指（B）A.世界上大多数人生活在贫困中B.相对于资源的需求而言，资源总是不足的C.资源必须保留给下一代D.世界上的资源最终将由于更多的生产而消耗光7、下列属于实证表述的是（）A.合理组织要素对厂商有利B.合理组织要素对厂商不利C.只有合理组织要素才能使利润最大化D.合理组织要素比市场营销更重要8、下列属于规范表述的是（）A.由于收入水平低，大部分中国人还买不起小轿车B.随着收入水平的提高，拥有小轿车的人会越来越多C.鼓励私人购买小轿车有利于促进我国汽车工业的发展♣此习题中之包括判断、选择和计算，思考问答题见教学大纲每章中所列题目。
D.提倡轿车文明是盲目西方学习，不适于我国国情9、检验经济模型的方法是（）A.检验它的假设是否现实B.比较它的预期与实事C.由权威的领导人或经济专家作出结论D.以上各项都是10、当经济学家说人们是理性的，这是指（）A.人们不会做出错误的判断B.人们总会从自己的角度作出最好的决策C.人们根据完全的信息行事D.人们不会为自己所作出的任何决策而后悔11、研究个别居民与厂商决策的经济学称为（）A.宏观经济学B.微观经济学C.实证经济学D.规范经济学12、在经济学中，下列情况中部具有均衡的含义是（）A.实际买的量等于实际卖的量B.稳定的状态C.愿意买的量等于愿意卖的量D.长期过剩或短缺参考答案：BCDC DBCD BBBD三、简答题1、资源配置包括哪些内容？2、资源利用包括哪些内容？3、那些原因会使社会生产位于生产可能线以内？4、如果欲达到生产可能线之外的产量，有哪些方法？5、你要完成大学学业有哪些机会成本？第二章需求、供给与均衡价格一、判断题（一）：1.需求量是流量。
大学一年级上学期-微观经济学-帕金-chapter_13
大学一年级上学期-微观经济学-帕金-chapter_13Microeconomics, 10e (Parkin)Chapter 13 Monopoly1 Monopoly and How it Arises1) A monopoly has two key features, which are ________.A) barriers to entry and no close substitutesB) franchises and barriers to entryC) barriers to entry and close substitutesD) close substitutes and no barriers to entryAnswer: ATopic: How Monopoly ArisesSkill: RecognitionQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking2) A monopoly is best defined as a firm thatA) produces a good or service for which no close substitute exists and which is protected by a barrier that prevents other firms from selling that good or service.B) purchases its resources from only one supplier because of a barrier preventing it from buying from other suppliers.C) produces a good or service for which no close substitute exists and that sells all its output to one buyer because there is barrier preventing other buyers from purchasing the good or service.D) cannot control the price it sets for its good or service because there is barrier that prevents the firm from changing the price.Answer: ATopic: How Monopoly ArisesSkill: RecognitionQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking3) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a monopoly?A) a single firmB) no close substitutes for the product producedC) barriers to entryD) easy entry and exitAnswer: DTopic: How Monopoly ArisesSkill: RecognitionQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking4) Which of the following is a characteristic of monopoly?A) The firm faces petition from a few other firms.B) The firm produces a product that has many close substitutes.C) There are barriers to enter the market.D) The firm's demand curve is perfectly elastic.Answer: CTopic: How Monopoly ArisesSkill: ConceptualQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking5) Which of the following statements about a monopoly is FALSE?A) Monopolies have no barriers to entry or exit.B) The good produced by a monopoly has no close substitutes.C) A monopoly is the only producer of the good.D) None of the above; that is, all of the above answers are true statements about a monopoly. Answer: ATopic: How Monopoly ArisesSkill: ConceptualQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking6) An example of a monopoly isA) a big city restaurant.B) the stock market.C) the only veterinarian in an isolated farm munity.D) a large hospital in a big city.Answer: CTopic: How Monopoly ArisesSkill: ConceptualQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking7) Which of the following firms is most likely to be a monopoly?A) a local restaurantB) the local water panyC) a local drug storeD) a clothing storeAnswer: BTopic: How Monopoly ArisesSkill: ConceptualQuestion history: Modified 10th editionAACSB: Reflective Thinking8) An example of a monopoly would beA) one of many U.S. wheat farmers.B) one of the few U.S. auto makers.C) AT&T long distance phone service.D) the local water pany.Answer: DTopic: How Monopoly ArisesSkill: ConceptualQuestion history: Modified 10th editionAACSB: Reflective Thinking9) Which of the following is LEAST likely to be a monopoly?A) the holder of a public franchiseB) a pharmaceutical pany with a patent on a drugC) a store in a large shopping mallD) an artist who owns a copyright for a paintingAnswer: CTopic: How Monopoly ArisesSkill: ConceptualQuestion history: Modified 10th editionAACSB: Reflective Thinking10) A barrier to entry isA) a natural or legal impediment that makes it difficult for new firms to enter a market.B) a necessary condition for perfect petition.C) the result of highly elastic demand.D) a brick wall that a firm places around its corporate headquarters.Answer: ATopic: Barriers To EntrySkill: RecognitionQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking11) When natural or legal forces work to protect a firm from potential petitors, the market is said to have ________.A) non-petitive supplyB) non-petitive entryC) barriers to entryD) restricted petitionAnswer: CTopic: Barriers To EntrySkill: RecognitionQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking12) Which of the following is a barrier to entry for a monopoly?A) a patentB) severe diseconomies of scaleC) close substitutes for the good or service existD) All of the above answers are correct.Answer: ATopic: Barriers To EntrySkill: RecognitionQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking13) Which of the following can create a monopoly?I. high pricesII. public franchiseIII. patentIV. government licenseA) I and IIB) I and IIIC) I, II and IIID) II, III and IVAnswer: DTopic: Barriers To EntrySkill: RecognitionQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking14) Which of the following is NOT a barrier to entry for a monopoly?A) economies of scale for the relevant range of outputB) a patent on the product being soldC) the ability to charge a price that is above marginal costD) receiving a public franchiseAnswer: CTopic: Barriers To EntrySkill: ConceptualQuestion history: Modified 10th editionAACSB: Reflective Thinking15) Which of the following can NOT be an effective entry barrier?A) A firm earning very high economic profits.B) A firm being granted a patent for its product.C) A firm owning all of a vital resource needed to produce a good.D) When huge economies of scale exist.Answer: ATopic: Barriers To EntrySkill: RecognitionQuestion history: New 10th editionAACSB: Reflective Thinking16) Which of the following is NOT a legal barrier to entry?A) public franchiseB) government licenseC) patentD) innovationAnswer: DTopic: Legal Barriers to EntrySkill: RecognitionQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking17) A legal monopoly is defined as a market whereA) only one lawyer operates.B) a legal barrier to entry exists.C) only one firm could earn a profit.D) entry and exit are legal.Answer: BTopic: Legal Barriers to EntrySkill: RecognitionQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking18) A public franchise isA) an exclusive right granted to a firm to supply a good or service.B) a government issued license required to practice a profession.C) an exclusive right granted to an inventor of a product.D) a unique source of raw materials.Answer: ATopic: Legal Barriers to EntrySkill: RecognitionQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking19) If the government grants a firm a public franchise to supply coal, a monopoly is created byA) a natural barrier to entry.B) a legal barrier to entry.C) price discrimination.D) All of the above answers are correct.Answer: BTopic: Legal Barriers to EntrySkill: ConceptualQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking。
(NEW)帕金《微观经济学》(第8版)课后习题详解
目 录第一编 导 论第1章 什么是经济学附 录 经济学中的图形第2章 经济问题第二编 市场如何运行第3章 需求与供给第4章 弹 性第5章 效率与公平第6章 现实中的市场第三编 家庭的选择第7章 效用和需求第8章 可能性、偏好和选择第四编 企业与市场第9章 组织生产第10章 产量与成本第11章 完全竞争第12章 垄 断第13章 垄断竞争和寡头第五编 市场失灵与政府第14章 管制与发托拉斯法第15章 外部性第16章 公共品与公共资源第六编 要素市场、不平等和不确定性第17章 生产要素市场第18章 经济不平等第19章 不确定性和信息第七编 经济全球化第20章 国际贸易第一编 导 论第1章 什么是经济学一、概念题1．稀缺答：稀缺是指在给定的时间内，相对于人的需要而言，经济资源的供给总是不足的。
人类消费各种物品的欲望是无限的，而用来满足人类欲望的经济物品却是有限的。
相对于人类的无穷欲望而言，经济物品或生产这些经济物品所需要的资源总是不足的。
正因为稀缺性的客观存在，地球上就存在着资源的有限性和人类欲望与需要的无限性之间的矛盾。
这样，就导致经济学家们从经济学角度来研究使用有限的资源来生产什么、如何生产和为谁生产的问题。
经济学研究的问题和经济物品都是以稀缺性为前提的。
从稀缺性出发，西方经济学一般认为，经济学的一个重要研究任务就是：“研究人们如何进行抉择，以便使用稀缺的或有限的生产性资源（土地、劳动、资本品等）来生产各种商品并把它们分配给不同的社会成员消费。
”同时，对稀缺资源的认识应从动态的观点来认识。
历史上，许多资源曾经被视为自由取用的资源，如空气、水，但随着社会的进步，科技的发展，特别是人口的增加，人类的需要不断提高，也变得越来越稀缺。
2．激励答：激励是指引起一个人做出某种行为的方法和措施。
激励可能是鼓励一个行动的奖励，也可能是抑制一个行动的惩罚。
激励利用外部诱因使人的积极性和创造性得以调动与激发。
这时外部刺激内化为个人的自觉行动，使人完成目标的行为处于高度的受鼓舞状态，从而最大限度地发挥人的潜力（智力和体力）。
大学一年级上学期-微观经济学-帕金-part_4_review
大学一年级上学期-微观经济学-帕金-part_4_reviewEconomics, 11e, Global Edition (Parkin)Part 4 Review1 Firms and Markets1) Ms. Lollipop opened a candy store in December 2013. She rented a building for $25,000 a year and used $30,000 from her savings account, which earned an annual interest rate of 5 percent, to buy capital equipment. In December 2014, the market value of her capital equipment was $26,000. What is the economic depreciation of Lollipop's capital?A) $3,000B) $4,000C) $1,000D) $25,000Answer: BTopic: Economic DepreciationSkill: ConceptualStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 4AACSB: Analytical Skills2) Ms. Lollipop opened a candy store in December 2013. She rented a building for $25,000 a year and used $30,000 from her savings account, which earned an annual interest rate of 5 percent, to buy capital equipment. During the first year of operation, Lollipop paid $28,000 to her employees, $10,000 for utilities, and $16,000 for goods she bought from other firms. In December 2014, the market value of Lollipop's capital equipment was $26,000. Lollipop's best alternative to running her candy store is to work as a sales clerk at Winn-Dixie for $15,000 a year. What is Lollipop's total opportunity cost?A) $99,500B) $94,000C) $79,000D) $20,500Answer: ATopic: Opportunity CostsSkill: ConceptualStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 4AACSB: Analytical Skills3) Ms. Lollipop opened a candy store in December 2013. She rented a building for $25,000 a year and used $30,000 from her savings account, which earned an annual interest rate of 5 percent, to buy capital equipment. During the first year of operation, Lollipop paid $28,000 to her employees, $10,000 for utilities, and $16,000 for goods she bought from other firms. In December 2014, the market value of Lollipop's capital equipment was $26,000. Lollipop's best alternative to running her candy store is to work as a sales clerk at Winn-Dixie for $15,000 a year. What is Lollipop's economic profit?A) $21,000B) $500C) $5,000D) -$9,000Answer: BTopic: Economic ProfitSkill: ConceptualStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 4AACSB: Analytical SkillsLabor (workers)Total product (units per week)0 01 402 1003 1404 1705 1906 2004) In the table above, what is the marginal product of the 5th worker?A) 190 units per weekB) 4 units per weekC) 20 units per weekD) 38 units per weekAnswer: CTopic: Marginal Product of LaborSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 4AACSB: Analytical Skills5) Given the information in the table above, suppose labor is the only variable input. The price of labor is $400 per week and total fixed costs are $1,000 per week. What is the total cost of producing 100 units?A) $1,700B) $1,800C) $1,900D) $2,000Answer: BTopic: Total CostSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 4AACSB: Analytical Skills6) Given the information in the table above, suppose labor is the only variable input. The price of labor is $400 per week and total fixed costs are $1,000 per week. If 170 units are produced, the average total cost isA) $15.29.B) $5.88.C) $9.41.D) $7.99Answer: ATopic: Average Total CostSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 4AACSB: Analytical Skills7) Given the information in the table above, suppose labor is the only variable input. The price of labor is $400 per week and total fixed costs are $1,000 per week. What is the marginal cost of producing the 120th unit?A) $400.00B) $40.00C) $20.00D) $10.00Answer: DTopic: Marginal CostSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 4AACSB: Analytical Skills8) Given the information in the table above, suppose labor is the only variable input. The price of labor is $400 per week and total fixed costs are $1,000 per week. If the firm wants tominimize its average total cost, it should produceA) 100 units.B) 140 units.C) 170 units.D) 190 units.Answer: CTopic: Average Total CostSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 4AACSB: Analytical Skills9) The profit maximizing condition for any petitive firm isA) MR = P.B) MC = MR.C) P = ATC.D) None of the above answers is correct because each type of petitive firm has a different condition of maximizing its profit.Answer: BTopic: Profit MaximizationSkill: ConceptualStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 4AACSB: Reflective Thinking10) Firms in which of the following industries can incur an economic loss in the short run?A) Any firm can incur an economic loss profit in the short run.B) only perfect petition and monopolistic petitionC) only monopolistic petitionD) only perfect petitionAnswer: ATopic: Economic LossSkill: ConceptualStatus: Modified 10th editionAACSB: Reflective Thinking11) Which of the following statements is FALSE?A) In the short run, a monopolist might operate even though it is incurring an economic loss, but in the short run a perfectly petitive firm always shuts down if it is incurring an economic loss.B) A monopoly can earn an economic profit in the long run, but a perfectly petitive firm cannot.C) A monopoly can set its price while a perfectly petitive firm cannot.D) A monopoly is protected by barriers to entry while a perfectly petitive firm is not.Answer: ATopic: Single-Price Monopoly's Output and Price Decisions Skill: ConceptualStatus: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective ThinkingOutput (pizzas per day)Total cost (dollars per day)0 201 352 453 604 805 1056 13512) Vito's Pizza is a perfectly petitive firm. The firm's costs are shown in the table above. If the market price is $22.50 per pizza, what is Vito's profit-maximizing output?A) 2 pizzas per dayB) 3 pizzas per dayC) 4 pizzas per dayD) 5 pizzas per dayAnswer: CTopic: Profit-Maximizing OutputSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 4AACSB: Analytical Skills13) Vito's Pizza is a perfectly petitive firm. The firm's costs are shown in the table above. If the market price is $22.50 per pizza, how much economic profit per day does the firm make?A) zeroB) $10C) $20D) -$7.50Answer: BTopic: Profit-Maximizing OutputSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 4AACSB: Analytical Skills14) Vito's Pizza is a perfectly petitive firm. The firm's costs are shown in the table above. If the market price is $17.50 per pizza, what is Vito's profit-maximizing output?A) 2 pizzas per dayB) 3 pizzas per dayC) 4 pizzas per dayD) 5 pizzas per dayAnswer: BTopic: Profit-Maximizing OutputSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 4AACSB: Analytical Skills15) Vito's Pizza is a perfectly petitive firm. The firm's costs are shown in the table above. If the market price is $17.50 per pizza, how much economic profit does the firm make?A) zeroB) $10C) -$7.50D) $15Answer: CTopic: Profit-Maximizing OutputSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 4AACSB: Analytical Skills16) Vito's Pizza is a perfectly petitive firm. The firm's costs are shown in the table above. What is Vito's shut-down point?A) $10.00 per pizzaB) $12.50 per pizzaC) $15.00 per pizzaD) $17.50 per pizzaAnswer: BTopic: Profit-Maximizing OutputSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 4AACSB: Analytical Skills。
X3迈克尔·帕金：《经济学》(部分)
After studying this chapter, you will be able to
I Define economics and distinguish between microeconomics and macroeconomics I Explain the three big questions of microeconomics I Explain the three big questions of macroeconomics I Explain the ideas that define the economic way of thinking I Explain how economists go about their work as social scientists
PART
1
INTRODUCTION
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
WHAT IS ECONOMICS?
CHAPTER
1
Choice, Change, Challenge, and Opportunity
You are studying economics, the science of choice, at a time of enormous change, challenge, and opportunity. Economics studies the choices that we make as we cope with the hard fact of life: we can’t have everything we want. N The engine of change is information technology, which has created the Internet and transformed our lives at both work and play. This transformation will continue, but in 2001 it was challenged by a U.S. recession and by the terrorist attacks of September 11. The events of September 11 have brought long-lasting changes to the political and security landscape and to the economic landscape. People now face choices not previously imagined. Some people are avoiding air travel, a choice that is sending shock waves through travel agencies, airports, airlines, airplane builders, and hotels and restaurants. Security at the Canada–U.S. border and at our airports and seaports is stepped up. Governments, airlines, and airport operators are buying more video and electronic surveillance equipment, which is creating new business and job opportunities. N As 2003 began, people were wondering whether economic recovery and renewed expansion was just around the corner or whether there would be a second U.S. recession— a “double dip”—and worrying about how such a development might influence the Canadian economy.
大学一年级下学期-微观经济学-帕金-chapter_3
⼤学⼀年级下学期-微观经济学-帕⾦-chapter_3 Microeconomics, 11e (Parkin)Chapter 3 Demand and Supply1 Markets and Prices1) A relative price is theA) slope of the demand curve.B) difference between one money price and another.C) slope of the supply curve.D) ratio of one money price to another.Answer: DTopic: Price and Opportunity CostSkill: RecognitionStatus: Previous edition, Chapter 3AACSB: Reflective Thinking2) A relative price isA) the number of dollars that must be given up in exchange for the good.B) also called the money price.C) not an opportunity cost.D) the ratio of one price to another price.Answer: DTopic: Price and Opportunity CostSkill: RecognitionStatus: Previous edition, Chapter 3AACSB: Reflective Thinking3) The opportunity cost of good A in terms of good B is equal to theA) money price of good A minus the money price of good B.B) money price of good B minus the money price of good A.C) ratio of the money price of good A to the money price of good B.D) ratio of the money price of good B to the money price of good A.Answer: CTopic: Price and Opportunity CostSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Previous edition, Chapter 3AACSB: Reflective Thinking4) The relative price of a good isA) an opportunity cost.B) equal to the money price of a good.C) equal to the price of that good divided by the quantity demanded of the good.D) what you get paid for babysitting your cousin.Answer: ATopic: Price and Opportunity CostSkill: RecognitionStatus: Previous edition, Chapter 3AACSB: Reflective Thinking5) The opportunity cost of a hot dog in terms of hamburgers is theA) ratio of the slope of the demand curve for hot dogs to the slope of the demand curve for hamburgers.B) ratio of the slope of the supply curve for hot dogs to the slope of the supply curve for hamburgers.C) money price of a hot dog minus the money price of a hamburger.D) ratio of the money price of a hot dog to the money price of a hamburger.Answer: DTopic: Price and Opportunity CostSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Previous edition, Chapter 3AACSB: Reflective Thinking6) Joe pays $8,000.00 in tuition. The 8,000 dollar tuition Joe pays is an example of what economists callA) a relative price.B) a money price.C) an indexed price.D) an opportunity price.Answer: BTopic: Price and Opportunity CostSkill: ConceptualStatus: Previous edition, Chapter 3AACSB: Reflective Thinking7) If the price of a candy bar is $1 and the price of a fast food meal is $5, then theA) relative price of a candy bar is 5 fast food meals per candy bar.B) money price of a candy bar is 1/5 of a fast food meal per candy bar.C) relative price of a fast food meal is 5 candy bars per fast food meal.D) money price of a fast food meal is 1/5 of a candy bar per fast food meal.Answer: CTopic: Price and Opportunity CostSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Modified 10th editionAACSB: Analytical Skills8) If the price of a hot dog is $2 and the price of a hamburger is $4, then theA) relative price of a hot dog is 1/2 of a hamburger per hot dog.B) money price of a hot dog is 2 hamburgers per hot dog.C) relative price of a hamburger is 1/2 of a hot dog per hamburger.D) money price of a hamburger is 2 hot dogs per hamburger.Answer: ATopic: Price and Opportunity CostSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Modified 10th editionAACSB: Analytical Skills9) Suppose the price of a football is $20.00 and the price of a basketball is $10.00. The ________ of a football is ________.A) relative price; 2 basketballs per footballB) relative price; 1/2 basketball per footballC) opportunity cost; $20.00D) opportunity cost; $10.00Answer: ATopic: Price and Opportunity CostSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Modified 10th editionAACSB: Analytical Skills10) The price of a bag of corn chips is $3, and the price of a bottle of soda is $1. What is the relative price of a bag of corn chips?A) 3 bottles of soda per bag of corn chipsB) 1/3 bottle of soda per bag of corn chipsC) $3D) 33￠Answer: ATopic: Price and Opportunity CostSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Modified 10th editionAACSB: Analytical Skills11) The price of a bag of corn chips is $3, and the price of a bottle of soda is $1. What is the relative price of a bottle of soda?A) 3 bags of corn chips per bottle of sodaB) 1/3 bag of corn chips per bottle of sodaC) $3D) 33￠Answer: BTopic: Price and Opportunity CostSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Modified 10th editionAACSB: Analytical Skills12) An ice cream cone costs $1.50. A can of soda costs $0.75. The relative price of an ice cream cone isA) 1/2 can of soda per ice cream cone, the opportunity cost of an ice cream cone.B) $1.50, the opportunity cost of a can of soda.C) 2 cans of soda per soda, the opportunity cost of an ice cream cone.D) $0.75, the opportunity cost of a can of soda.Answer: CTopic: Price and Opportunity CostSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Modified 10th editionAACSB: Analytical Skills13) Twenty years ago a stove cost $300 and a refrigerator cost $1,500. Today a stove costs $600, while a refrigerator costs $1,800. Which of the following statements is true?A) The relative price of stoves and refrigerators has not changed.B) The relative price of a refrigerator has increased.C) The relative price of a stove has increased.D) The money price of a refrigerator has fallen.Answer: CTopic: Price and Opportunity CostSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Previous edition, Chapter 3AACSB: Analytical Skills14) If the money price of wheat increases and no other prices change, theA) relative price of wheat falls.B) opportunity cost of wheat rises.C) demand for wheat increases.D) relative price of wheat is unaffected.Answer: BTopic: Price and Opportunity CostSkill: ConceptualStatus: Previous edition, Chapter 3AACSB: Reflective Thinking15) If the money price of hats rises and no other prices change, theI. relative price of a hat rises.II. opportunity cost of a hat rises.A) only IB) both I and IIC) only IID) neither I nor IIAnswer: BTopic: Price and Opportunity CostSkill: ConceptualStatus: New 10th editionAACSB: Reflective Thinking16) The price of a DVD rental is $1.50 and the price of a downloaded movie is $1.00. If the price of a DVD rental increases by $0.50, the relative price a downloaded movieA) rises.B) falls.C) does not change.D) might change, but more information is needed.Answer: BTopic: Price and Opportunity CostSkill: ConceptualStatus: Modified 10th editionAACSB: Reflective Thinking17) The price of a DVD rental is $2.50 and the price of a downloaded movie is $1.00. If the price of a DVD rental falls by $0.50, the relative price a downloaded movieA) rises.B) falls.C) does not change.D) might change, but more information is needed.Answer: ATopic: Price and Opportunity CostSkill: ConceptualStatus: Modified 10th editionAACSB: Reflective Thinking18) The opportunity cost of a good is the same as itsA) money price.B) relative price.C) price index.D) none of the aboveAnswer: BTopic: Study Guide Question, Price and Opportunity CostSkill: ConceptualStatus: Previous edition, Chapter 3AACSB: Reflective Thinking19) The money price of a pizza is $12 per pizza and the money price of a taco is $2 per taco. The relative price of a pizza isA) $12 per pizza.B) $24 per pizza.C) 6 tacos per pizza.D) 1/6 pizza per taco.Answer: CTopic: Study Guide Question, Price and Opportunity CostSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Modified 10th editionAACSB: Analytical Skills2 Demand1) Wants, as opposed to demands,A) are the unlimited desires of the consumer.B) are the goods the consumer plans to acquire.C) are the goods the consumer has acquired.D) depend on the price.Answer: ATopic: DemandSkill: RecognitionStatus: Previous edition, Chapter 3AACSB: Reflective Thinking。
12财政政策
税收 (T)
可支配 收入
(Y-T)
消费支出 (C)
a 5.0 0.5 4.5 3.75 b 6.0 0.5 5.5 4.50 c 7.0 0.5 6.5 5.25 d 8.0 0.5 7.5 6.00 e 9.0 0.5 8.5 6.75
投资 (I)
最初的 政府购买
(G)
(万亿美元）
1.0 0.5
最妆的 计划总支出
他条款的否决权。
Copyright © 2000 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.
Slide 13-11
2000~2001年度的 联邦预算时间线
2000年1月1日 2000年2月6日
总统向国会递交预算建议
2000年3月
2000年9月 2000年10月1日
国会讨论、修改并制定预算
Slide 13-23
联邦预算
赤字与债务
政府债务是过去政府赤字之和减去过去政府 盈余之和。
Copyright © 2000 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.
Slide 13-24
联邦政府债务
二战结束 联 邦 政 府 债 务
的
巨大赤字
百
分
比
(GDP
)
Copyright © 2000 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.
1 个人所得税 2 社会保障税 3 公司所得税 4 间接税
Copyright © 2000 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.
Slide 13-17
联邦预算
1997年预算的重点
支出是政府的支出 支出分为三类：
1 转移支付 2 物品与劳务的购买 3 债务利息
微观经济学第五版课件：chapter_13
Success: T’s value = $100/share
All outcomes are equally likely
Chapter 13
Slide 11
Acquiring a Company
Scenario
T’s value will be 50% greater with A’s management.
Sunbathers are spread evenly along the beach
Price Y = Price C Customer will buy from the closest vendor
The
optimal decision of a player without a dominant strategy will depend on what the other player does.
Chapter 13
Slide 17
Modified Advertising Game
Firm B Advertise Don’t Advertise
Firm B Don’t Advertise Advertise
Advertise Firm A Don’t Advertise
10, 5
15, 0
6, 8
10, 2
Chapter 13
Slide 16
Dominant Strategies
Game Without Dominant Strategy
Slide 13
Chapter 13
Payoff Matrix for Advertising Game
微观经济学_帕金
1、经济学：面对稀缺性，如何选择的科学。
包括微观、宏观。
2、经济学的2个重要问题：（1）生产什么？如何生产？为谁生产？（2）追求个人利益的选择，如何增加社会利益？3、生产要素：土地、劳动、资本、企业家才能。
4、经济学思想方式：（1）选择，是一种权衡——为了得到某东西，而放弃了其他东西。
机会成本：为了得到某东西，而放弃的价值最高的东西。
是递增的，因为生产可能性边界凹向原点。
（2）所有的经济问题，都是权衡问题。
（3）社会的权衡问题，是公平与效率。
（4）所以选择都有成本。
（5）选择，在边际上，对激励的反应。
（6）研究方法：实证经济学：微观经济学多用此法，经济现象是什么？不含价值判断规范经济学：宏观经济学多用此法，价值判断。
在现有技术、资源下，利用一切资源，生产的最大可能产量。
表示生产的稀缺性。
PPF上的点，是有生产效率的点。
沿PPF，机会成本增加。
6、边际成本：多生产一单位某产品的机会成本。
7、经济增长：生产可能性扩大，来源：资本积累（包括人力资本）、技术进步。
成本：放弃当前消费。
8、比较优势、绝对优势、动态比较优势：比较优势：一人，以低于其他人的机会成本，完成某活动。
比较机会成本。
绝对优势：在所有活动中，一人比其他人更有效率。
比较生产率。
动态比较优势：来自“干中学”。
一人/国，在某领域，专业化分工，+“干中学”→最小机会成本。
9、产权：财产的所有权、使用权、处置权。
知识产权：创造性的无形资产，包括：出版权、专利权等。
10、配置效率：产品的MC=MP（边际成本=边际利益），资源的有效利用。
需求、供给1、货币价格：以货币表示的价格。
相对价格：一种价格与另一种价格的比率，相对价格是机会成本。
2、需求定理：其他条件不变，价格越高，需求量就越少。
∵替代效应、收入效应。
需求的变动：价格之外的影响因素变动时→需求的变动。
整条需求曲线移动。
影响因素包括：相关物品的价格（替代品、互补品）、预期的未来价格、收入（正常物品、低档物品）、人口、偏好。
帕金《微观经济学》考试试卷1276
****帕金《微观经济学》课程试卷（含答案）__________学年第___学期考试类型：（闭卷）考试考试时间：90 分钟年级专业_____________学号_____________ 姓名_____________1、判断题（18分，每题1分）1. 如果一种物品存在着过剩，则其价格就会下降。
（）正确错误答案：正确解析：物品的过剩，即供给大于需求，会导致其价格的下降，这种下降会一直持续到均衡价格出现。
2. 如果对某静态非合作博弈（如囚徒困境）进行有限次重复，那么可以得出合作的结果。
（）正确错误答案：错误解析：以囚徒困境进行有限次重复博弈为例，双方参与人事先都知道，博弈将进行某个固定的次数（如10次）。
那么从第10次博弈开始考虑，最后一次博弈恰如一次性博弈，每个参与人都会选择坦白，所以可以预期到占优策略均衡。
再考虑第9次博弈，如果你选择合作，另一个参与人也仍然选择坦白罪行，那么他就会获利而你会受损。
由于每个参与人都能够进行这种推理，所以，他们在这一局也都会选择坦白的策略。
依次类推，如果每个参与人都知道博弈的次数是固定的，那么他们每一局都会选择坦白。
即得不出合作的结果。
3. 如果某物品的需求的价格弹性为正值，则其需求就富有弹性。
（）正确错误答案：错误解析：当需求的价格弹性大于1时，需求富有弹性。
需求价格弹性为正值说明该物品不是吉芬物品。
4. 纳什定理告诉人们纳什均衡解存在且稳定。
（）正确错误答案：错误解析：纳什定理即指纳什均衡存在性定理，指如果一个对策的参与人是有限的，并且每个参与人只有有限的策略，则该对策至少存在一个纳什均衡。
但该定理没有指出解是否唯一，一个对策可能存在多个纳什均衡；也没有指出解是否稳定。
而且，很多情况下，纳什均衡解都是不稳定的。
如性别战中的均衡解就是两个不稳定的纯纳什均衡解。
5. 平均可变成本曲线一定为U形。
（）正确错误答案：错误解析：平均可变成本曲线呈U形的原因：可变投入要素的边际成本先递减后递增。
大学一年级下学期-微观经济学-帕金-chapter_15
大学一年级下学期-微观经济学-帕金-chapter_15Microeconomics, 11e (Parkin)Chapter 15 Oligopoly1 What Is Oligopoly?1) An oligopoly is a market structure in which there areA) only a few buyers but many sellers.B) only a few sellers selling either an identical or differentiated product.C) many sellers selling a differentiated product.D) a few products sold by many sellers.Answer: BTopic: OligopolySkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills2) Which of the following is a distinguishing characteristic of oligopoly?A) A small number of firms pete.B) No one firm's actions directly affect the actions of the other firms.C) Firms are free to enter and exit the industry.D) Natural barriers cannot prevent the entry of new firms.Answer: ATopic: OligopolySkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills3) When only a small number of producers pete with each other is a defining characteristic ofA) inelastic supply.B) monopolistic petition.C) efficient petition.D) oligopoly.Answer: DTopic: OligopolySkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills4) In oligopolistic markets,A) there are many firms.B) there are no barriers to entry.C) there are only a few firms.D) all firms are price takers.Answer: CTopic: OligopolySkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills5) A market structure in which a small number of firms pete is called ________.A) a monopolyB) a small-number marketC) an oligopolyD) monopolistic petitionAnswer: CTopic: OligopolySkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills6) The key feature of an oligopoly is that thereA) are many buyers and sellers.B) is one seller.C) exists product differentiation.D) are only a few sellers.Answer: DTopic: OligopolySkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills7) In an oligopoly,A) there are only a few firms.B) there is no product differentiation.C) there is free entry and exit.D) firms' decisions are unrelated to each other.Answer: ATopic: OligopolySkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills8) A market structure in which a small number of producers pete against each other isA) monopolistic petition.B) oligopoly.C) monopoly.D) perfect petition.Answer: BTopic: OligopolySkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills9) If firms in an industry differentiated their products and made economic profits in the short-run, what other characteristic would be important to determine if this is an oligopoly or a monopolistically petitive market?A) the number of firms in the marketB) the number of close substitutes for the good being producedC) the number of buyers in the marketD) if the good being sold is a normal or inferior goodAnswer: ATopic: OligopolySkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills10) The distinguishing features of oligopoly are ________ anda ________ in the industry.A) barriers to entry; large number of firmsB) no barriers to entry; few firmsC) barriers to entry; few firmsD) no barriers to entry; large number of firmsAnswer: CTopic: OligopolySkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills11) Oligopoly isA) like monopoly because there are barriers to entry.B) like perfect petition because oligopoly firms all sell homogeneous goods.C) like monopolistic petition because oligopoly firms all sell differentiated goods.D) like perfect petition because there are many firms in the industry.Answer: ATopic: OligopolySkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills12) Which of the following is a distinguishing characteristic of oligopoly?A) A large number of firms pete.B) No one firm's actions directly affect the actions of the other firms.C) Firms are free to enter and exit the industry.D) Natural or legal barriers prevent the entry of new firms.Answer: DTopic: OligopolySkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills13) Which of the following is a defining characteristic of oligopoly?A) barriers to entryB) selling a homogeneous goodC) selling a differentiated goodD) collusionAnswer: ATopic: OligopolySkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills14) Natural oligopoly is a situation whereA) the level of demand can support only a few firms.B) there is only one firm.C) there are only two firms.D) there are legal barriers to entry.Answer: ATopic: Natural OligopolySkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills15) A natural oligopoly can formA) if there are economies of scale.B) only if firms sell a differentiated good.C) only if firms sell a homogeneous good.D) if there is only one firm in the industry.Answer: ATopic: Natural OligopolySkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills16) In a small town the level of demand is capable of supporting only two gas stations. This market isA) a natural duopoly.B) perfectly petitive because a homogeneous good is being sold.C) operating as if it was a monopoly.D) an example of monopolistic petition.Answer: ATopic: Natural OligopolySkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills17) Suppose that all pizza panies have the same costs and the minimum average total cost is $12 per pizza. The pizza panies have an efficient scale of 100 pies per night. In the small town of Coatsville, at the price of $12 per pizza the quantity demanded is approximately 300 pizzas per night. This market, therefore, can best be characterized asA) perfectly petitive.B) a natural monopoly.C) a natural duopoly.D) a natural oligopoly.Answer: DTopic: Natural OligopolySkill: AnalyticalStatus: NewAACSB: Analytical Skills18) One difference between oligopoly and monopolistic petition is thatA) a monopolistically petitive industry has fewer firms.B) in monopolistic petition, the products are identical.C) monopolistic petition has barriers to entry.D) fewer firms pete in oligopoly than in monopolistic petition.Answer: DTopic: OligopolySkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills19) Which of the following is a distinguishing characteristic of oligopoly?A) A large number of firms pete.B) Each firm's actions influence the profits of all the other firms.C) Firms are free to enter and exit the industry.D) Natural barriers cannot prevent the entry of new firms.Answer: BTopic: OligopolySkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills20) Consider a market in which each firm must predict the price and quantity decisions of other firms, as well as how those price and quantity decisions will affect the first firm's revenue and profit. This market is best described asA) an oligopoly.B) monopolistic petition.C) a monopoly.D) perfect petition.Answer: ATopic: OligopolySkill: DefinitionStatus: OldAACSB: Analytical Skills。
大学一年级上学期-微观经济学-帕金-part_1_review
大学一年级上学期-微观经济学-帕金-part_1_reviewEconomics, 11e, Global Edition (Parkin)Part 1 Review1 Introduction1) All economic questions arise becauseA) of scarcity.B) production possibilities are unlimited.C) our wants are limited.D) people are irrational.Answer: ATopic: ScarcitySkill: RecognitionStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 1AACSB: Reflective Thinking2) Which of the following is NOT a factor of production?A) mineral resourcesB) moneyC) a puter programmerD) a mercial aircraftAnswer: BTopic: Factors of ProductionSkill: RecognitionStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 1AACSB: Reflective Thinking3) The opportunity cost of a good isA) the ine you forgo to get it.B) the lowest valued alternative you give up to get it.C) the highest valued alternative you give up to get it.D) all alternatives you give up to get it.Answer: CTopic: Opportunity CostSkill: RecognitionStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 1AACSB: Reflective Thinking4) Jen won $900 in a lottery. She has a choice between using the money to buy a sofa, a television, or going on a vacation. If she chooses to buy a television, the opportunity cost of this decision isA) zero because she won the money.B) the sofa and the vacation trip.C) the sofa, the vacation trip, and $900.D) the sofa if that was her second choice.Answer: DTopic: Opportunity CostSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 1AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCheese (tons)DVDs (thousands)0 602 564 486 368 2010 05) The table above lists six points on the production possibilities frontier for cheese and DVDs. Given this information, which of the following binations is unattainable?A) 2 tons of cheese and 56 thousand DVDsB) 8 tons of cheese and 21 thousand DVDsC) 6 tons of cheese and 34 thousand DVDsD) 7 tons of cheese and 20 thousand DVDsAnswer: BTopic: Production Possibilities FrontierSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 1AACSB: Analytical Skills6) The table above lists six points on the production possibilities frontier for cheese and DVDs. From this information you can conclude that production is inefficient if this economy producesA) 2 tons of cheese and 56 thousand DVDs.B) 8 tons of cheese and 21 thousand DVDs.C) 5 tons of cheese and 48 thousand DVDs.D) 7 tons of cheese and 20 thousand DVDs.Answer: DTopic: Production Possibilities FrontierSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 1AACSB: Analytical Skills7) The table above lists six points on the production possibilities frontier for cheese and DVDs. What is the opportunity cost of producing the 7th ton of cheese?A) 16 DVDsB) 8 DVDsC) 20 DVDsD) 28 DVDsAnswer: BTopic: Opportunity CostSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 1AACSB: Analytical Skills8) An opportunity cost of economic growth isA) the capital accumulation given up to increase present consumption.B) the increased future consumption.C) the present consumption given up to accumulate capital.D) None of the above because there is no opportunity cost since if an economy grows, it can produce more of all goods.Answer: CTopic: Economic GrowthSkill: ConceptualStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 1AACSB: Reflective Thinking9) Country X devoted 70 percent of its resources to consumption, while Country Y devoted 80 percent to consumption. Other things being equal, you can predict thatA) Country X's opportunity cost of economic growth is lower than Country Y's.B) Country Y's rate of capital accumulation is higher than Country X'sC) Country Y's economy will grow faster than Country X's.D) Country X's economy will grow faster than Country Y's.Answer: DTopic: Economic GrowthSkill: ConceptualStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 1AACSB: Reflective Thinking10) Lizzie takes 20 seconds to stuff an envelope and 10seconds to seal it. Arnold takes 15 seconds to stuff an envelope and 5 seconds to seal it. Lizzie has a parative advantage in ________ and Arnold has a parative advantage in ________.A) sealing envelopes; stuffing themB) stuffing envelopes; sealing themC) neither of these activities; both activitiesD) both activities; neither of these activitiesAnswer: BTopic: parative AdvantageSkill: AnalyticalStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 1AACSB: Analytical Skills11) According to the principle of parative advantage, if the United States trades with Mexico, most likely,A) the United States will benefit and Mexico will lose.B) the United States will lose and Mexico will benefit.C) neither of the countries will benefit.D) both countries will benefit.Answer: DTopic: parative Advantage and TradeSkill: ConceptualStatus: Previous edition, Part Review 1AACSB: Reflective Thinking------------------------- 赠予------------------------【幸遇?书屋】你来，或者不来我都在这里，等你、盼你等你婉转而至盼你邂逅而遇你想，或者不想我都在这里，忆你、惜你忆你来时莞尔惜你别时依依你忘，或者不忘我都在这里，念你、羡你念你袅娜身姿羡你悠然书气人生若只如初见任你方便时来随你心性而去却为何，有人为一眼而愁肠百转为一见而不远千里晨起凭栏眺但见云卷云舒风月乍起春寒已淡忘如今秋凉甚好几度眼迷离感谢喧嚣把你高高卷起砸向这一处静逸惊翻了我的万卷。
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Microeconomics, 10e (Parkin)Chapter 13 Monopoly1 Monopoly and How it Arises1) A monopoly has two key features, which are ________.A) barriers to entry and no close substitutesB) franchises and barriers to entryC) barriers to entry and close substitutesD) close substitutes and no barriers to entryAnswer: ATopic: How Monopoly ArisesSkill: RecognitionQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking2) A monopoly is best defined as a firm thatA) produces a good or service for which no close substitute exists and which is protected by a barrier that prevents other firms from selling that good or service.B) purchases its resources from only one supplier because of a barrier preventing it from buying from other suppliers.C) produces a good or service for which no close substitute exists and that sells all its output to one buyer because there is barrier preventing other buyers from purchasing the good or service.D) cannot control the price it sets for its good or service because there is barrier that prevents the firm from changing the price.Answer: ATopic: How Monopoly ArisesSkill: RecognitionQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking3) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a monopoly?A) a single firmB) no close substitutes for the product producedC) barriers to entryD) easy entry and exitAnswer: DTopic: How Monopoly ArisesSkill: RecognitionQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking4) Which of the following is a characteristic of monopoly?A) The firm faces petition from a few other firms.B) The firm produces a product that has many close substitutes.C) There are barriers to enter the market.D) The firm's demand curve is perfectly elastic.Answer: CTopic: How Monopoly ArisesSkill: ConceptualQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking5) Which of the following statements about a monopoly is FALSE?A) Monopolies have no barriers to entry or exit.B) The good produced by a monopoly has no close substitutes.C) A monopoly is the only producer of the good.D) None of the above; that is, all of the above answers are true statements about a monopoly. Answer: ATopic: How Monopoly ArisesSkill: ConceptualQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking6) An example of a monopoly isA) a big city restaurant.B) the stock market.C) the only veterinarian in an isolated farm munity.D) a large hospital in a big city.Answer: CTopic: How Monopoly ArisesSkill: ConceptualQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking7) Which of the following firms is most likely to be a monopoly?A) a local restaurantB) the local water panyC) a local drug storeD) a clothing storeAnswer: BTopic: How Monopoly ArisesSkill: ConceptualQuestion history: Modified 10th editionAACSB: Reflective Thinking8) An example of a monopoly would beA) one of many U.S. wheat farmers.B) one of the few U.S. auto makers.C) AT&T long distance phone service.D) the local water pany.Answer: DTopic: How Monopoly ArisesSkill: ConceptualQuestion history: Modified 10th editionAACSB: Reflective Thinking9) Which of the following is LEAST likely to be a monopoly?A) the holder of a public franchiseB) a pharmaceutical pany with a patent on a drugC) a store in a large shopping mallD) an artist who owns a copyright for a paintingAnswer: CTopic: How Monopoly ArisesSkill: ConceptualQuestion history: Modified 10th editionAACSB: Reflective Thinking10) A barrier to entry isA) a natural or legal impediment that makes it difficult for new firms to enter a market.B) a necessary condition for perfect petition.C) the result of highly elastic demand.D) a brick wall that a firm places around its corporate headquarters.Answer: ATopic: Barriers To EntrySkill: RecognitionQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking11) When natural or legal forces work to protect a firm from potential petitors, the market is said to have ________.A) non-petitive supplyB) non-petitive entryC) barriers to entryD) restricted petitionAnswer: CTopic: Barriers To EntrySkill: RecognitionQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking12) Which of the following is a barrier to entry for a monopoly?A) a patentB) severe diseconomies of scaleC) close substitutes for the good or service existD) All of the above answers are correct.Answer: ATopic: Barriers To EntrySkill: RecognitionQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking13) Which of the following can create a monopoly?I. high pricesII. public franchiseIII. patentIV. government licenseA) I and IIB) I and IIIC) I, II and IIID) II, III and IVAnswer: DTopic: Barriers To EntrySkill: RecognitionQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking14) Which of the following is NOT a barrier to entry for a monopoly?A) economies of scale for the relevant range of outputB) a patent on the product being soldC) the ability to charge a price that is above marginal costD) receiving a public franchiseAnswer: CTopic: Barriers To EntrySkill: ConceptualQuestion history: Modified 10th editionAACSB: Reflective Thinking15) Which of the following can NOT be an effective entry barrier?A) A firm earning very high economic profits.B) A firm being granted a patent for its product.C) A firm owning all of a vital resource needed to produce a good.D) When huge economies of scale exist.Answer: ATopic: Barriers To EntrySkill: RecognitionQuestion history: New 10th editionAACSB: Reflective Thinking16) Which of the following is NOT a legal barrier to entry?A) public franchiseB) government licenseC) patentD) innovationAnswer: DTopic: Legal Barriers to EntrySkill: RecognitionQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking17) A legal monopoly is defined as a market whereA) only one lawyer operates.B) a legal barrier to entry exists.C) only one firm could earn a profit.D) entry and exit are legal.Answer: BTopic: Legal Barriers to EntrySkill: RecognitionQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking18) A public franchise isA) an exclusive right granted to a firm to supply a good or service.B) a government issued license required to practice a profession.C) an exclusive right granted to an inventor of a product.D) a unique source of raw materials.Answer: ATopic: Legal Barriers to EntrySkill: RecognitionQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking19) If the government grants a firm a public franchise to supply coal, a monopoly is created byA) a natural barrier to entry.B) a legal barrier to entry.C) price discrimination.D) All of the above answers are correct.Answer: BTopic: Legal Barriers to EntrySkill: ConceptualQuestion history: Previous edition, Chapter 13AACSB: Reflective Thinking。