《哈姆雷特》第三幕第一场精彩对白,tobeornottobe
哈姆雷特第三场第一幕剧本
哈姆雷特第三场第一幕Ham III.i.1.1Enter the King and Queen, Polonius, Ophelia, Rosencrantz,Ham III.i.1.2Guildenstern, and lordsKINGHam III.i.1And can you by no drift of conference流动;随意移动;漂泊;浮现Ham III.i.2Get from him why he puts on this confusion,Ham III.i.3Grating so harshly all his days of quiet使人烦恼难受，压碎磨碎Ham III.i.4With turbulent and dangerous lunacy?[ˈtɜ:bjələnt]混乱的['lu:nəsɪ]精神失常ROSENCRANTZHam III.i.5He does confess he feels himself distracted,Ham III.i.6But from what cause 'a will by no means speak. GUILDENSTERNHam III.i.7Nor do we find him forward to be sounded,Ham III.i.8But with a crafty madness keeps aloof狡猾的冷淡的;疏远的Ham III.i.9When we would bring him on to some confessionHam III.i.10.1Of his true state.QUEEN Ham III.i.10.2Did he receive you well? ROSENCRANTZHam III.i.11Most like a gentleman.GUILDENSTERNHam III.i.12But with much forcing of his disposition.[ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃn] n 性情，性格;意向，倾向ROSENCRANTZHam III.i.13Niggard of question, but of our demands['nɪgəd]n小气鬼Ham III.i.14.1Most free in his reply.QUEENHam III.i.14.2Did you assay him[ə'seɪ]分析化验Ham III.i.15To any pastime?ROSENCRANTZHam III.i.16Madam, it so fell out that certain players发生Ham III.i.17We o'er-raught on the way. Of these we told him, o'er=overHam III.i.18And there did seem in him a kind of joyHam III.i.19To hear of it. They are here about the court,宫廷Ham III.i.20And, as I think, they have already orderHam III.i.21.1This night to play before him.POLONIUSHam III.i.21.2'Tis most true,Ham III.i.22And he beseeched me to entreat your majesties [bɪ'si:tʃ] vt 恳求对待Ham III.i.23To hear and see the matter.KINGHam III.i.24With all my heart, and it doth much content meHam III.i.25To hear him so inclined.主动倾向的prone被动倾向的Ham III.i.26Good gentlemen, give him a further edge进一步Ham III.i.27And drive his purpose into these delights.心思移转到这种娱乐上面快乐ROSENCRANTZHam III.i.28.1We shall, my lord.Ham III.i.28Exeunt Rosencrantz, Guildenstern, and lordsKINGHam III.i.28.2Sweet Gertrude, leave us too.[gə:tru:d]Ham III.i.29For we have closely sent for Hamlet hither,[ˈhɪðə(r)] adv到此处Ham III.i.30That he, as 'twere by accident, may hereIt wereHam III.i.31Affront Ophelia.相遇Ham III.i.32 Her father and myself, lawful espials,[ɪs'paɪəl] 密探Ham III.i.33We'll so bestow ourselves that, seeing unseen, [bɪ'stəʊ] 储藏赠与Ham III.i.34We may of their encounter frankly judge,Ham III.i.35And gather by him, as he is behaved,Ham III.i.36If't be th' affliction of his love or no苦恼痛苦哀伤Ham III.i.37.1That thus he suffers for.QUEENHam III.i.37.2I shall obey you. –Ham III.i.38And for your part, Ophelia, I do wishHam III.i.39That your good beauties be the happy causeHam III.i.40Of Hamlet's wildness. So shall I hope your virtuesHam III.i.41Will bring him to his wonted way again,Ham III.i.42.1To both your honours.OPHELIAHam III.i.42.2Madam, I wish it may.Ham III.i.42Exit the QueenPOLONIUSHam III.i.43Ophelia, walk you here. –Gracious, so please you,Ham III.i.44We will bestow ourselves. (to Ophelia) Read on this book,Ham III.i.45That show of such an exercise may colourHam III.i.46Your loneliness. We are oft to blame in this,常常再三advHam III.i.47'Tis too much proved, that with devotion's visageIt is 献身忠诚热爱[ˈvɪzɪdʒ]面容Ham III.i.48And pious action we do sugar o'er['paɪəs] 可赞的虔诚的Ham III.i.49.1The devil himself.人们往往用至诚的外表和虔敬的行动，掩饰一颗魔鬼般的内心，这样的例子是太多了。
哈姆雷特第三幕第一场精彩对白
出自《》第三幕第一场此段的全文如下：To be, or not to be- that is the question: whether it's nobler in the mind to suffer the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, or to take arms against a sea of troubles, and by opposing end them To die:to sleep;no more; andby a sleep to say we end the heartache and the thousand natural shocks that flesh is heir to. 'tis a consummation devoutly to be wish'd. To die: to sleep; To sleep: perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub: for in that sleep of death what dreams may come when we have shuffled off this mortal coil, must give us pause: there's the respect that makes calamity of so long life;For who would bear the whips and scorns of time, the oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely, the pangs of despis'd love, the law's delay, the insolence of office, and the spurns that patient merit of the unworthy takes, when he himself might his quietus make with a bare bodkin Who would fardels bear, to grunt and sweat under a weary life, but that the dread of something after death, the undiscover'd country, from whose bourn no traveller returns, puzzles the will and makes us rather bear those ills we have than fly to others that we know not of Thus conscience does make cowards of us all; And thus the native hue of resolution is sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought, and enterprises of great pith and moment with this regard their currents turn awry, and lose the name of action.译文生存还是毁灭, 这是个值得考虑的问题: 默然忍受命运暴虐的毒箭, 或是挺身反抗人世无涯的苦难, 通过斗争把他们扫清，这两种行为，哪一种更高贵死了，睡着了，什么都完了。
《哈姆雷特》（第三幕第一场）学习指导
《哈姆雷特》（第三幕第一场）学习指导莎士比亚《哈姆雷特》（第三幕第一场）学习指导1.怎样理解下面《哈姆雷特》中的两段名言警句？（1）引文：人是一件多么了不起的杰作, 多么高贵的理性, 多么伟大的力量, 多么优美的仪表, 多么文雅的举动。
在行动上, 多么像一个天使! 在智慧上, 多么像一个天神, 宇宙的精华, 万物的灵长! 可在我看来, 不过是泥土捏成的生命, 人类再也不能使我产生任何兴趣了!答：精神危机使哈姆雷特对人类的看法由歌颂赞美一变而为厌恶、轻蔑。
标志着他思想的巨大转折。
（2）引文：我近来不知为丁什么缘故,一点兴致都提不起来, 什么游乐的事都懒得过问；在这样一种抑郁的心境之了, 仿佛浮载万物的大地, 这一座美好的框架, 只是一个不毛的荒谷, 这个覆盖众生的苍穹, 这一顶壮丽的怅幕, 这个点缀着金黄色火球的庄严的屋宇, 只是一大堆污浊痒气的集合。
……世界, 就是一座大监狱, 而丹麦, 又是其中最坏的一间。
答：精神危机, 同样使哈姆雷特对世界也由歌颂赞美一变而为痛恨、诅咒。
2. 试析哈姆雷特“生存还是毁灭”的独白。
答：这一段脍炙人口的台词乃是整个悲剧的核心, 极富哲理性, 它展示了哈姆雷特的心灵煎熬。
“生存还是毁灭”这生死抉择，引起王子深沉的思索。
生存, 即活下去, “默然忍受命运的暴虐的毒箭”, 具体地说, 也就是“忍受人世的鞭挝和讥讽, 压迫者的冷眼, 被轻蔑的爱情的惨剧, 法律的迁延, 官吏的横暴, 和微贱者费尽辛勤所换来的鄙视”。
由此看来, 生存太难, 而毁灭反而容易得多, 只要抽刀一击便可自杀身死, 顷刻间万事皆休, 何尝不是一种解脱。
然而, 作为思想家的哈姆雷特具有一般人达不到的深度, 他一旦将这思虑再向纵深开掘, 马上又出现新的问题：倘若如宗教所说, 灵魂不死呢? 那“活着”时的诸多苦难不依旧存在吗? 不还得照样“忍受”吗? 原来, 死不是苦难的结束, 而是苦难的延续, 如果生前不消灭世间的不义, 那死后的梦都得不到宁静。
从语境与语篇谈哈姆莱特独白_Tobe_ornottobe_的理解
2001年11月第17卷 第6期四川外语学院学报Journal of S ichuan International S tudies UniversityN ov1,2001V ol117 N o16从语境与语篇谈哈姆莱特独白“T o be,or not to be∗”的理解蓝仁哲①(四川外语学院研究生部,重庆 400031)提 要:从语境与语篇的角度,对哈姆莱特的著名独白“T o be,or not to be∗”重新解读,辨析它是一段有关生死的哲理思辨,而非有关“自杀”利弊的权衡;分析其语篇形式和内容特征,并对独白首行的几种汉译的理解与表达作了评论。
关键词:哈姆莱特;著名独白;解读;语篇分析;首行理解与表达中图分类号:H31519 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-3831(2001)06-0075-04Context and discourse:N e w explication of“To be,or not to be∗”LAN Ren2zhe(G raduate school,S ichuan International S tudies University,Chongqing400031,China)Abstract:The s oliloquy of“T o be,or not to be∗”is re2explicated from the angle of context and discourse,for an argument that it is a philos ophical deliberation of life and death rather than one of suicide1On top of that,a discourse analysis is made to bring about the features of the text,and several Chinese translations the first line are com pared and commented on1K ey w ords:Hamlet;s oliloquy of“T o be,or not to be∗”;discourse analysis;comment on first line 知道莎士比亚的人都知道他的悲剧《哈姆莱特》,提起哈姆莱特,人们总记得他那段著名的独白———起码是独白开头的一行:“T o be,or not to be,that is the question1”几百年的莎学,研究成果可谓汗牛充栋,其中尤以《哈姆莱特》的研究为最,单是单行版本就多达800种以上。
哈姆雷特经典台词tobeornottobe,thatisa
To be, or not to be: that is the question:Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them. To die: to sleep;No more; and by a sleep to say we endThe heart-ache, and the thousand natural shocks That flesh is heir to, 'tis a consummationDevoutly to be wish'd. To die, to sleep;To sleep: perchance to dream: aye, there's the rub; For in that sleep of death what dreams may come, When we have shuffled off this mortal coil,Must give us pause: there's the respectThat makes calamity of so long life;For who would bear the whips and scorns of time, The oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely, The pangs of despised love, the law's delay,The insolence of office, and the spurnsThat patient merit of the unworthy takes,When he himself might his quietus makeWith a bare bodkin who would fardels bear,To grunt and sweat under a weary life,But that the dread of something after death,The undiscover'd country from whose bournNo traveler returns, puzzles the will,And makes us rather bear those ills we haveThan fly to others that we know not ofThus conscience does make cowards of us all,And thus the native hue of resolutionIs sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought, And enterprises of great pitch and momentWith this regard their currents turn awryAnd lose the name of action.翻译为生存或毁灭, 这是个必答之问题:是否应默默的忍受坎苛命运之无情打击,还是应与深如大海之无涯苦难奋然为敌,并将其克服。
to be or not to be赏析
“To be or not to be”是莎士比亚经典戏剧《哈姆雷特》中的一句台词，也是该剧最著名的独白之一。
这句话表达了生存还是毁灭的抉择，展现了对生死、道德、存在意义的深度思考和内心挣扎。
首先，这句话的原文是“To be, or not to be, that is the question: / Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer / The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, / Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, / And by opposing, end them”。
这段原文以精湛的诗意和优美的语言探讨了生死抉择的主题。
其次，这句话的经典之处在于它所表达的对生存还是毁灭的内心挣扎。
哈姆雷特在面对父王被兄弟谋杀、王位被篡夺的困境中，感到极度痛苦和挣扎。
他面临着复仇的道德困境，既要为父报仇，又要考虑复仇的后果和道德责任。
因此，“To be or not to be”这句台词表达了他内心的矛盾和挣扎。
最后，这句话的艺术效果在于它所展现的对生死、道德、存在意义的深度思考。
它提出了一个永恒的问题：是忍受痛苦和不幸，还是勇敢地面对挑战并试图改变自己的命运？这个问题不仅适用于哈姆雷特，也适用于每一个人。
它让我们思考自己的生活和存在的意义，以及如何在面对困难和挑战时保持勇气和坚强。
总之，“To be or not to be”是一句极具思想深度和人生哲理的经典台词，它让我们对生死、道德、存在意义有了更深刻的认识和理解。
英文读后感-ToBeOrNotToBe,ThatIstheQuestion
英⽂读后感-ToBeOrNotToBe,ThatIstheQuestion英⽂读后感-To Be Or Not To Be, That Isthe QuestionTo Be Or Not To Be, That Is the Question——My view on reading The Star Zoo段旭北京市丰台区长⾟店北京⼗中⾼三阅读书⽬：星际动物园 The Star Zoo （书⾍· ⽜津英汉双语读物）As the only living things on a bare planet called “Just Like Home”, humans felt lonely and sad. In order to live, they must get married as often as possible and have children. Unwilling to get married, our 16-year-old protagonist named Humming Bird ran away from her planet and found a plastic space ship. There she met various kinds of animals, which frightened her even drove her crazy. She had never seen such things before. Only through ‘The Book Of Remembering’ did she get some rough idea of animals. After she took a small-copied cat home and showed it to the officials on her planet, the cat was shot to death and all the officials went crazy. Humming Brid didn’t give up her attempt to let people accept the animals. She decided to set about the job fromchildren…That’s the brief plot of Harry Gilbert’s science fiction—The Star Zoo. Based on the reality of increasing environmental problems, the writer uses his full imagination and creativity to produce this vivid imaginative and thought-provoking story. As far as we know, animal numbers are now diminishing all over the world every years, and the living conditions we depend on a getting worse. We dirty the air with gases and smoke, poison the water with chemicals and other substances and damage the soil with too many fertilizers and pesticides. We also pollute our surroundings in many other ways. Air, water and soil are all very important and necessary to the survival of all living things all over the world. If we human don’t pay more attention t o that, there will come a day when we have to live the kind of life described in this novel. As we know, the worldis made up not only of human beings but also a lot of other living things. If we don’t want to leave this perfect planet, we have to protect the environment; otherwise, without the company of otherliving things, people would only be half-alive, men only half-men.Nowadays, I should say, people have realized the importance of environmental protection and ecological balance. Slogans that remind us to save water and electricity are stuck everywhere, but how many are treated as requirements or duties and not just a piece of paper. If we pay a little attention to our working and study places, we always find some taps half opened with running water, and large numbers of people get used to leave lights on during the day. Dustbins for both recycled and unredeemable rubbish are placed in high density but no one bothers to throw the rubbish into the right dustbins. Nor do they even know what kind of rubbish could be recycled and what kind could not.Conservation centers for protecting animals are built in many countries. Our government also passed some acts to protect animals; however, there do exist some law-breakers who are driven by money. We plant trees very year, but no one bothers to water and care for them after planting them. For money, some farmersdrive their sheep and cattle to grasslands and chargeit into desert.All in all, to every one, I want to say, “Living on this wonderful planet earth, we are lucky and happy. In order to enjoy this kind of wonderful life, we must care for mother earth and put this kind of care into practice.”Facing the world, to be or not to be, it’s up to you. We must make a choice without any hesitation!。
英语赏析：Tobeornottobe
【导语】想必有很多⼩伙伴会经常找⼀些英语⽂章来看以加强英语的提升，下⾯是整理发布的英语赏析：To be or not to be ，欢迎阅读参考！更多相关讯息请关注！台词原⽂To be, or not to be - that is the question:Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortuneOr to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them. To die, to sleep -No more; and by a sleep to say we endThe heartache, and the thousand natural shocksThat flesh is heir to. 'Tis a consummationDevoutly to be wish'd. To die, to sleep.To sleep - perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub!For in that sleep of death what dreams may comeWhen we have shuffled off this mortal coil,Must give us pause. There's the respectThat makes calamity of so long life.For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,The oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely,The pangs of despised love, the law's delay,The insolence of office, and the spurnsThat patient merit of the unworthy takes,When he himself might his quietus makeWith a bare bodkin?Who would these fardels bear,To grunt and sweat under a weary life,But that the dread of something after death -The undiscover'd country, from whose bournNo traveller returns - puzzles the will,And makes us rather bear those ills we haveThan fly to others that we know not of?Thus conscience does make cowards of us all,And thus the native hue of resolutionIs sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought,And enterprises of great pith and momentWith this regard their currents turn awryAnd lose the name of action.台词解读第⼀句话中的be从三个视⾓进⾏解读，中⽂翻译从剧本视⾓进⾏翻译，理解为“⽣存”如何读这样的素体诗，断句的位置根据意群来确定；'tis=it's，这样写的⽬的是省略⼀个⾳节；slings：⽯块 arrows：剑 arms：武器a sea of troubles：⼤量的⿇烦whether or 结构进⾏⼀个选择对应To be, or not to beflesh：*、⾁⾝ heir：继承consummation：结局perchance to dream=possibly we'll have a dreamrub：难题shuffle off：甩掉 mortal coil：各种纠结，沉重的⾁⾝calamity：痛苦意识流写作⽅式whip：辫⼦抽 scorn：嘲笑、冷笑oppressor：暴君 contumely：不屑despised love：失恋佛家⼋苦：⽣、⽼、病、死、怨憎会、爱离别、求不得、五阴炽盛quietu：⽋账还钱、销账 a bare bodkin：⼀把短⼑（*）fardel：burden（负担） weary：苦难的 dread：恐惧coward：懦夫台词赏析“To be or not to be”的问题⼀再困扰着哈姆雷特，当然这⾥所述不仅仅是⽣存与死亡的问题，⽽是连带着每件事的价值评判，到底做还是不做，去还是不去，牺牲还是不牺牲？理性的思维能够指导⾏动，但是过多的思虑就会延误时机，多虑的⼈内⼼往往是懦弱的，对后果太多的顾虑导致其不愿作出重⼤决定。
2020年3月5日《哈姆莱特(节选)》第三幕第一场第一、第二课时
《哈姆莱特（节选）》导学案[学习目标]:1、结合注释、背景梳理戏剧情节。
2、品味富有个性的戏剧语言，把握内心独白在戏剧表演中的效果。
3、探究人物性格形成的深层原因。
第一课时【作家作品】1、莎士比亚，杰出的戏剧家和诗人，是欧洲文艺复兴时期人文主义文学的集大成者。
他一生创作了诸多经典的戏剧，我们比较熟悉他的悲喜剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》。
除此之外，他笔下的四大悲剧分别是《李尔王》《奥赛罗》《麦克白》和《哈姆莱特》，四大喜剧有《仲夏夜之梦》《威尼斯商人》《第十二夜》《终成眷属》，还有历史剧《亨利四世》《亨利五世》《理查二世》等。
本·琼生称他为“时代的灵魂”，马克思称他和古希腊的埃斯库罗斯为“人类最伟大的戏剧天才”。
莎士比亚生活在文艺复兴时期的欧洲，文艺复兴唤起了人的觉醒，人们重视个性与思想解放，同时某种程度上造成了私欲膨胀社会混乱的情况出现。
莎士比亚对人生和时代作出深入思考后，着力塑造了一些新时代的悲剧主人公：他们从中世纪的禁锢和蒙昧中醒来，雄心勃勃地想要发展或完善自己，但又不能克服时代和自身的局限，在同环境和内心敌对势力的力量悬殊斗争中，遭到不可避免的失败和牺牲。
《哈姆莱特》正代表了莎士比亚对这种理想与进步背后隐患和人性弱点的反思。
2.莎士比亚戏剧创作可以分为三个时期：早期：历史剧、喜剧时期。
写出了《亨利四世》、《理查三世》等9部历史剧，《仲夏夜之梦》、《威尼斯商人》、《第十二夜》等10部喜剧和《罗密欧与朱丽叶》等3部悲剧。
中期：悲剧时期。
四大悲剧:《哈姆莱特》、《奥赛罗》、《李尔王》、《麦克白》后期：传奇剧时期。
一生共创作剧本37部。
154首14行诗。
【题目解说】“哈姆莱特”是故事的主人公，《哈姆莱特》这部戏剧讲述的是青年王子哈姆莱特为父亲复仇，最后与仇人同归于尽的故事，表现了莎士比亚对文艺复兴运动的深刻反思以及对人的命运与前途的深切关注。
二、【写作背景】莎士比亚生活在欧洲历史上封建制度日趋没落、资本主义逐渐兴起的交替时代。
最新2020《哈姆莱特》第三幕第一场课件
文本赏析
1、课文节选部分是剧本的第三幕第一场。这 是展示哈姆莱特性格的重要场次。哈姆莱特被 看作是什么样的典型？ （哈姆莱特被看作是既勇敢又忧郁的典型。）
2.在这场戏中，我们可以深切地体味到哈姆 莱特的什么性格特征？ （我们可以深切地体味到热情激昂的背后，他 软弱犹豫的性格特征。）
文本赏析
3.戏中国王和奥菲利娅的父亲设下圈套， 让奥菲利娅探问哈姆莱特内心的秘密，为了不 泄露自己的心事，在自己心爱的人面前，他也 只得装疯卖傻，这样做的目的是什么？
剧中的人物关系哈姆莱特克劳狄斯乔特鲁德波洛涅斯奥菲利娅罗森格兰兹吉尔登斯吞丹麦王子丹麦国王哈姆莱特叔父丹麦王后哈姆莱特之母丹麦朝臣丹麦御前大臣波洛涅斯之女哈姆莱特女友丹麦朝臣丹麦王子哈姆莱特在威登堡大学读书期间突然遭遇了一系列不幸和家庭变故
哈
姆
莎 士
莱 特
比
亚
威廉·莎士比亚 William Shakespeare
故事概要
丹麦王子哈姆莱特在威登堡大学读书期间突 然遭遇了一系列不幸和家庭变故：父亲暴亡，叔 叔克劳狄斯继位，母亲改嫁给了叔叔。这一切使 他陷入了巨大的痛苦之中。后来父亲的鬼魂告诉 他自己是在午睡时被他的叔父用毒药灌进耳朵毒 死的。他既怕泄露心事，又怕鬼魂是假的，怕落 入坏人的圈套，他心烦意乱，忧郁寡欢，只好装 疯卖傻以迷惑仇敌，等待时机复仇。哈姆莱特为 了进一步证实事实真相，也授意戏班进宫演了一 出恶人杀兄、篡位、娶嫂的戏剧。克劳狄斯果然 惊恐万分，仓皇退席。
人物形象
品评人物的方法
听其言，观其行， 外貌心理和神情。 人物关系要理清, 勿忘体察作者情。
文本赏析
我们根据背景和情节的介绍知道哈姆莱特具有 哪些个性？
哈姆莱特是个富于理想、敢于行动的人， 勇敢果断使他具有“英雄”的个性，但在这里 却可以发现他的“迟疑”“忧郁”“孤独”— —他既是个身负为父复仇、扭转乾坤重任的 “英勇果断”的王子，又是个具有“延宕”迟 疑多虑性格的“忧郁”王子。这种并不单一的 个性，正是他血肉丰满、栩栩如生的魅力所在。
双语名篇欣赏：ToBeorNottoBe
双语名篇欣赏：To Be or Not to Be摘要：生存与毁灭——是活得热烈而丰富，还是活得像行尸走肉，那都取决于我们自己。
让我们扩大并加强我们的联系吧。
活着就要精彩!To Be or Not to Be生存还是毁灭“生存还是毁灭。
”除《圣经》以外，这六个字是整个世界文学中最著名的六个字。
这六个字是哈姆雷特喃喃自语时所说的，而这六个字也是莎士比亚作品中最有名的几个字，因为哈姆雷特不仅道出了自己的心声，也道出了所有在思考的人的心声。
生存还是毁灭——是活下去还是不要活下去，是要生活得丰富充实、兴致勃勃，还是生活得枯燥委琐、贫乏无味。
一位哲人曾想弄清自己是否在活着，其实这个问题我们每个人都应该不时地扪心自问。
他对这个问题的答案是：“我思，故我在。
”“To be or not to be”. Outside the Bible, these six words are the most famous in all the literature of the world. They were spoken by Hamlet when he was thinking aloud, and they are the most famous words in Shakespeare because Hamlet was speaking not only for himself but also for every thinking man and woman. To be or not to be---to live or not to live; to live richly and abundantly and eagerly, or to live dully and meanly and scarcely. A philosopher once wanted to know whether he was alive or not, which is a good question for everyone to put to himself occasionally. He answered it by saying: “I think, therefore I am.”但是我所见过的关于生存最好的定义却出自另一位哲学家：“生活即是联系。
哈姆雷特_生与死_Tobe_or_not_to_be_一解
the quest io n, 总领下面长达三十二行的长篇 的动词。
独白, 同时也是全剧的题眼和总纲, 是本剧甚
那么 t o be, o r no t t o be 这句话中的 to
至是所有莎剧中最重要的一句台词。它的中 be 是什么意思呢? 在这句话中, to be 单独
文译文不下十种, 例如朱生豪译为 生存还是 出现, 后面没有跟任何表语或状语, 因此它表
sho cks
这是人们一心向往的结局。死了, 睡着了。
T hat f lesh is heir to . T is a consum mat io n 睡 # # # 也许会做梦吧? 哎, 麻烦就在这里:
∃ 113 ∃
2007 年
外国文学
第1期
当我们摆脱了尘世的烦恼之后,
故我在 ( 或可译 我思即我在 ) , 这句话的拉
还是从古 希腊说 起。根据 柏拉 图的叙 述, 苏格拉底临死前 告诉弟 子: 灵魂 是存在 的, 生命 不会 断灭; 从 生 中 产生 死 , 从 死 中 产 生 生 , 生 # 死 相 互 流 转 不 已。 生 生 死 很好理解, 为什么说 死 生 生 呢? 苏格拉底用归谬法证明了这一点:
如果产生的过程不是从对立的一方到另
一方, 然后再返回来, 兜着圈子转, 而是永远 以一直线向前, 没有返回或转折, 那么, 你明 白, 到了最后一切事物都成了一样的, 都达到 同一状态, 就根本停止产生了。
如果一切有生命的东西都会死, 如果死 者在死后始终处在那种状态中, 岂不是到最 后必然一切 都是死 的, 没有 一个是活 的吗? 因为如果活的不是从死的产生, 而是从别的 产生, 而活的又必要死, 怎能避免到头来一切 事物都要同归于死呢? ( 柏拉图, 2004: 227 #
双语名篇欣赏：ToBeorNottoBe
双语名篇欣赏：To Be or Not to Be摘要：生存与毁灭——是活得热烈而丰富，还是活得像行尸走肉，那都取决于我们自己。
让我们扩大并加强我们的联系吧。
活着就要精彩!To Be or Not to Be生存还是毁灭“生存还是毁灭。
”除《圣经》以外，这六个字是整个世界文学中最著名的六个字。
这六个字是哈姆雷特喃喃自语时所说的，而这六个字也是莎士比亚作品中最有名的几个字，因为哈姆雷特不仅道出了自己的心声，也道出了所有在思考的人的心声。
生存还是毁灭——是活下去还是不要活下去，是要生活得丰富充实、兴致勃勃，还是生活得枯燥委琐、贫乏无味。
一位哲人曾想弄清自己是否在活着，其实这个问题我们每个人都应该不时地扪心自问。
他对这个问题的答案是：“我思，故我在。
”“To be or not to be”. Outside the Bible, these six words are the most famous in all the literature of the world. They were spoken by Hamlet when he was thinking aloud, and they are the most famous words in Shakespeare because Hamlet was speaking not only for himself but also for every thinking man and woman. To be or not to be---to live or not to live; to live richly and abundantly and eagerly, or to live dully and meanly and scarcely. A philosopher once wanted to know whether he was alive or not, which is a good question for everyone to put to himself occasionally. He answered it by saying: “I think, therefore I am.”但是我所见过的关于生存最好的定义却出自另一位哲学家：“生活即是联系。
翻译小知识：“Tobe,ornottobe”到底该怎么翻译？莎士比亚《哈姆雷特》
翻译⼩知识：“Tobe,ornottobe”到底该怎么翻译？莎⼠⽐亚《哈姆雷特》翻译⼩知识：“To be, or not to be”到底该怎么翻译？|莎⼠⽐亚《哈姆雷特》“⾼斋翻译学堂”雒⽼师Joy和伙伴们在这⾥推送的内容包括但不限于CATTI真题，CATTI备考资料，CATTI实务和综合能⼒备考资料，CATTI资讯，翻硕MTI真题，MTI备考资料，考研英语翻译，四六级翻译、专四专⼋翻译，实战翻译资料和翻译⾏业，翻译招聘，翻译书籍推荐，翻译⽐赛，适合MTI，CATTI和考研英语备考学习，⼀起来店铺。
有⼈做过统计，莎⼠⽐亚四⼤悲剧之⾸《哈姆雷特》的中⽂译本多达⼗⼏种，其中脍炙⼈⼝的“to be,or not to be”这句经典台词的译⽂却差不多都是“⽣存或毁灭”、“是⽣，还是死”之类的话，即使在今⽇国⼈的⽂章中，引⽤这些译⽂者也屡见不鲜。
我在看此剧的电影或剧本时，每到此处，总觉得这位被⼠兵们誉为“valiant Hamlet”（英武的哈姆雷特）的年轻王⼦怎么会在杀⽗之仇、夺国之恨、母亲附逆之耻⾯前独⾃抉择该怎么办时竟会说出这样的话来，实在感到不合情理，值得商榷。
要想翻译忠实原⽂，⾸先就得准确地理解“to be, or not to be”的含义，我认为这关键在于“to be”，因为“not to be”只是前者的反义词，只能视前者的译⽂⽽定。
在英国出版的词典中，be 的释义是exist，中⽂释义：⽣存；exist 的释义是(of people) live (esp. in reversed conditions)，中⽂释义是：（⼈）⽣，⽣活（尤指在逆境中）。
以英语为母语的⼈看到 be 时，⾃然会联想到的它的含义之⼀是“⽣活在逆境之中”。
那么，哈姆雷特的⽣存状况是否与“to be”的含义相吻合呢？根据剧情，他本是个快乐的王⼦，⽗王被谋杀后便乾坤颠倒，除了⼀个好朋友外，所有朝⾂都逢迎攀附于新国王他的叔⽗，就连⾃⼰的母亲也改嫁给这个谋杀亲夫者，⽽王⼦本⼈整天遭受的是猜忌、鞭挞、讥讽、凌辱、冷眼和鄙视，就连曾经⼼爱他的母亲对⾃⼰也多是有责备。
哈姆雷特经典英文版对白（带翻译）
哈姆雷特经典英文版对白（带翻译）哈姆雷特经典英文版对白（带翻译)生存还是毁灭？这是个问题。
究竟哪样更高贵，去忍受那狂暴的命运无情的摧残还是挺身去反抗那无边的烦恼，把它扫一个干净。
去死，去睡就结束了，如果睡眠能结束我们心灵的创伤和肉体所承受的千百种痛苦，那真是生存求之不得的天大的好事。
去死，去睡，去睡，也许会做梦！唉，这就麻烦了，即使摆脱了这尘世可在这死的睡眠里又会做些什么梦呢？真得想一想，就这点顾虑使人受着终身的折磨，谁甘心忍受那鞭打和嘲弄，受人压迫，受尽侮蔑和轻视，忍受那失恋的痛苦，法庭的拖延，衙门的横征暴敛，默默无闻的劳碌却只换来多少 *** 。
但他自己只要用把尖刀就能解脱了。
谁也不甘心，*** 、流汗拖着这残生，可是对死后又感觉到恐惧，又从来没有任何人从死亡的国土里回来，因此动摇了，宁愿忍受着目前的苦难而不愿投奔向另一种苦难。
顾虑就使我们都变成了懦夫，使得那果断的本色蒙上了一层思虑的惨白的容颜，本来可以做出伟大的事业，由于思虑就化为乌有了，丧失了行动的能力。
Hamlet:To be, or not to be- that is the question:Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortuneOr to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them. To die- to sleep-No more; and by a sleep to say we endThe heartache, and the thousand natural shocksThat flesh is heir to. 'Tis a consummationDevoutly to be wish'd. To die- to sleep.To sleep- perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub!For in that sleep of death what dreams may eWhen we have shuffled off this mortal coil,Must give us pause. There's the respectThat makes calamity of so long life.For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,Th' oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely,The pangs of despis'd love, the law's delay,The insolence of office, and the spurnsThat patient merit of th' unworthy takes,When he himself might his quietus makeWith a bare bodkin? Who would these fardels bear,To grunt and sweat under a weary life,But that the dread of something after death-The undiscover'd country, from whose bournNo traveller returns- puzzles the will,And makes us rather bear those ills we haveThan fly to others that we know not of?Thus conscience does make cowards of us all,And thus the native hue of resolutionIs sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought,And enterprises of great pith and momentWith this regard their currents turn awryAnd lose the name of action.哪能下载到哈姆雷特经典对白的英文版？aurrianne朋友，你好。
“tobeornottobethatisthequestion”的翻译
摘要：莎剧《哈姆莱特》中的著名独白“To be, or not to be, that is the question:”的翻译，历来是译者关注的焦点，由此产生了众多不同的译文。
本文试图通过对众多译文的比较分析，进一步探讨这句独白的翻译方式。
关键词：翻译；哈姆莱特；独白Abstract: Translators have always been paying much attention to the translation of “To be, or not to be, that is the question:” in Shakespearean [WTBX]Hamlet[WTBZ]. Therefore, many different translations have been produced. The paper tries to probe into the way of its translation further by contrasting and analyzing the different translations.Key words: translation; Hamlet; soliloquy1 引言提及莎士比亚，人们总会想到他的著名悲剧《哈姆莱特》（Hamlet）。
说到哈姆莱特，无人不晓他那段著名独白的第一行: “To be, or not to be, that is the question:”几百年来世界范围内的莎学研究，成果可谓汗牛充栋。
有关《哈姆莱特》的著述和论文，更是不计其数。
而在有关《哈姆莱特》的研究中，对这句脍炙人口、精妙绝伦的独白的理解分歧最大，发表的论述也最多，真可谓见仁见智，各领风骚，争论长达数百年之久，至今仍在继续，尚无定论。
Jenkins Harold 曾指出，在莎士比亚的剧作中，这段独白“被人讨论得最多，误解也最甚”[1]。
在我国，《哈姆莱特》也受到特别的青睐。
戏剧百练：哈姆莱特第三幕
戏剧百练：哈姆莱特第三幕下面节选的是莎士比亚剧作《哈姆莱特》第三幕第一场中的一段，写王子装疯之后，国王让他的恋人奥菲利娅刺探他是真疯还是假疯。
哈姆莱特生存还是毁灭，这是一个值得考虑的问题；默然忍受命运的暴虐的毒箭，或是挺身反抗人世的无涯的苦难，通过斗争把它们扫清，这两种行为，哪一种更高贵？死了；睡着了；什么都完了；要是在这一种睡眠之中，我们心头的创痛，以及其他无数血肉之躯所不能避免的打击，都可以从此消失，那正是我们求之不得的结局。
死了；睡着了；睡着了还会做梦；嗯，阻碍就在这儿：因为当我们摆脱了这一具朽腐的皮囊以后，在那死的睡眠里，究竟将要做些什么梦，那不能不使我们踌躇顾虑。
人们甘心久困于患难之中，也就是为了这个缘故：谁愿意忍受人世的鞭挞和讥嘲、压迫者的凌辱、傲慢者的冷眼、被轻蔑的爱情的惨痛、法律的迁延、官吏的横暴和费尽辛勤所换来的小人的鄙视，要是他只要用一柄小小的刀子，就可以清算他自己的一生？谁愿意负着这样的重担，在烦劳的生命的压迫下呻吟流汗，倘不是因为惧怕不可知的死后，惧怕那从来不曾有一个旅人回来过的神秘之国，是它迷惑了我们的意志，使我们宁愿忍受目前的折磨，不敢向我们所不知道的痛苦飞去？这样，重重的顾虑使我们全变成了懦夫，决心的赤热的光彩，被审慎的思维盖上了一层灰色，伟大的事业在这一种考虑之下，也会逆流而退，失去了行动的意义。
且慢！美丽的奥菲利娅！——女神，在你的祈祷之中，不要忘记替我忏悔我的罪孽。
奥菲利娅我的好殿下，您这许多天来贵体安好吗？哈姆莱特谢谢你；很好，很好，很好。
奥菲利娅殿下，我有几件您送给我的纪念品，我早就想把它还给您；请您现在收回去吧。
哈姆莱特不，我不要；我从来没有给你什么东西。
奥菲利娅殿下，我记得很清楚您把它们送给了我，那时候您还向我说了许多甜言蜜语，使这些东西格外见得贵重；现在它们的芳香已经消散，请您拿回去吧，因为在有骨气的人看来，送礼的人要是变了心，礼物虽贵，也会失去了价值。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
此段的全文如下：
To be, or not to be- that is the questio n: whether it's n obler in the mi nd to suffer the sli ngs and arrows of outrageous fortune, or to take arms aga inst a sea of troubles, and by oppos ing end them? To die:to sleep ;no more; an dby a sleep to say we end the heartache and the thousa nd n atural shocks that flesh is heir to. 'tis a con summati on devoutly to be wish'd. To die: to sleep; To sleep: perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub: for in that sleep of death what dreams may come when we have shuffled off this mortal coil, must give us pause: there's the respect that makes calamity of so long life;For who would bear the whips and scorns of time, the oppressor's wrong, the proud man's con tumely, the pangs of despis'd love, the law's delay, the in sole nce of office, and the spur ns that patie nt merit of the un worthy takes, whe n he himself might his quietus make with a bare bodkin? Who would fardels bear, to grunt and sweat under a weary life, but that the dread of someth ing after death, the undiscover'd country, from whose bourn no traveller returns, puzzles the will and makes us rather bear those ills we have than fly to others that we know not of? Thus con scie nce does make cowards of us all;
And thus the native hue of resolution is sicklied o'er with the
pale cast of thought, and enterprises of great pith and
moment with this regard their currents turn awry, and lose the
name of action. 编辑本段
译文
生存还是毁灭，这是个值得考虑的问题：默然忍受命运暴虐的毒箭，或是挺身
反抗人世无涯的苦难，通过斗争把他们扫清，这两种行为，哪一
种更高贵？死了，睡着了，什么都完了。
倘若在这一种睡眠之中，我们心头的创痛，以及其他无数血肉之躯所不能避免的打击，都可以从此消失，这正是我们求之不得的结局。
死了，睡着了，睡着了也许还会做梦。
嗯，阻碍就在这：因为当我们摆脱了这一具腐朽的皮囊以后，在那死的睡眠里，
究竟将要做些什么梦，那不能不使我们踌躇顾虑。
人们甘心久困于患难之中，也就是为了这个缘故。
谁愿意忍受人世的鞭挞和讥嘲、压迫者的凌辱、
傲慢者的冷眼、被轻蔑的爱情的惨痛、法律的迁延、官吏的横暴和费尽辛勤所换来的小人的鄙视，要是他只用一柄小小的刀子，就可以清算他自己
的一生？谁愿意负着这样的重担，在烦劳的生命的压迫下呻吟流汗，倘若不是因为惧怕不可知的死后，惧怕那从来不曾有一个旅人回来过的神秘之国，是它迷惑了我们的意志，使我们宁愿忍受目前的折磨，不敢向我们所不知道的痛苦飞去？这样，重重的顾虑使我们全变成了懦夫，决心的炽热的光彩，被审慎的思维盖上了一层灰色，伟大的事业在这一种考虑下，也会逆流而退，失去了行动的意义。
----《哈姆雷特》（英-莎士比亚）中的经典独白。