北京人大附中2018届高三上学期期末考试仿真卷 英语(B)

2017-2018学年上学期高三期末考试仿真测试卷英语（B）注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30 分）(略)第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A（安徽省皖西南名校2018年高三阶段性检测联考）The Cheap Ticets Offseason Mountain Getaway GuideStowe, Vermont offers periods to those looing to escape the heat during the clog days of summer. From ip lining and roc climbing to golf and horsebac riding, Stowe maes a great getaway for the active traveler. Also, you can tae in ecellent views of the area from the newly refreshed Stowe Gondola Sy Ride.3 nights at the 3-star Butler House from $452.Par City, Utah is part of a new summer eperience. Travelers can bring a little winter fun to thewarmer months and tube down the landing hill of a Nordic Si Jump that is coated to mae the eperience as smooth as sliding down snow. Looing for something a little slower paced? Tae a trip on a hot air balloon and tae in the magnificent Wasatch Mountains.3 nights at the 4-star Silverado Lodge, Canyons Village from $480.Mammoth Laes, California chec out Minaret Vista for one of the best views of California1’s Sierra Nevada range or bounce in a boat to eplore Mono Lae, which happens to sit on one of the biggest bird migratory (迁徙) paths in North America. There is no shortage of summer activities for every type of traveler.3 nights at the 4-star Mammoth Estates Rentals from $468.Winter Par, Colorado is what summers are for Racing down all 3,000 feet and 26 turns of Colorado’s longest alpine (高山的) slide. If that’s not your taste, Winter Par has at least one warm-weather activity for all. The mountains are blaneted in the Arapaho National Forest, where you can hie mountain bie all day. And fora quiet morning in the sun, enjoy fly-fishing trip or round at Pole Cree Golf Club.3 nights at the 3.5-star Frasier Crossing Founders Point from $467.Special Attention 20% off hotels booing before June 30.21. Where can you get the best views of the scenery from the air?A. Stowe & Mammoth Laes.B. Winter Par & Par City.C. Stowe & Par City.D. Winter Par & Mammoth Laes.22. What activity does Par City offer you?A. You can si on the artificial slide way.B. You can slide down the white snow.C. You can tae a hot air balloon to Wasatch Mountains.D. You can spend your warmer days in cold mountains.23. The passage is best suitable for those who ________.A. want to escape the busy city lifeB. want to do hiing or bie ridingC. only lie the scenery of mountainsD. want to spend their summer vacation24. How much should you pay for the cheapest but best hotel if your parents want to travel there?A. $723.2.B. $748.8.C. $768.D. $747.2.B(广东七校联合体2018届高三第二次联考)Teaching can be one of the most satisfying jobs in the United States. Yet many American teachers say they feel overwored, undervalued, and underpaid. This has led to what education eperts call “teacher burnout,” a feeling of mental, physical, and emotional ehaustion.In all, nearly 50 percent of American teachers leave the profession before their fifth year. That information comes from a 2010 study by the advisory service Mcinsey & Company.And, a 2016 study from Penn State University found that 46 percent of teachers report high daily stress. Teachers say the stress affects their sleep, health, teaching performance, and quality of life. The study identified mindfulness training as one promising solution for improving teacher well-being.The Greater Good Science Center at the University of California — Bereley studies the science and practice of well-being. It defines mindfulness as eeping “a moment-by-moment awareness of our thoughts, feelings, bodily sensations, and surrounding environment.”A person can reach this emotional state by spending time in quiet thought, without judging these thoughts and feelings. A number of people also meditate — they tae slow, deep breaths to become calm.Many organiations around the country have designed mindfulness training programs for schools. Some of them are designed for teachers. The programs see to reduce teacher stress while helping them be more effective in the classroom.Maureen Naughton is a seventh grade science teacher at a public middle school in the Bron section of New Yor City. As a highly active teacher, Naughton would sometimes forget to tae time to herself. But after the programs she shared the methods such as mindful waling and mindful eating — ways of enjoying those activities fully instead of being distracted by worries or responsibilities.Naughton also said the deep breathing methods help her to maintain calm when faced with the stress of trying to “meet everyone’s needs”.25. What does “teacher burnout” in Paragraph 1 mean?A. A condition of happiness and sorrow.B. A situation of physical eercise.C. A feeling of mental, physical, and emotional tiredness.D. A feeling of mental, physical, and emotional relaation.26. What do mindfulness training programs designed for teachers try to do?A. They try to mae teachers tae slow, deep breaths to become calm.B. They try to reduce teacher stress to help teachers be more effective when teaching.C. They try to mae teachers enjoy those activities fully.D. They try to mae teachers spend time in quiet thought, without judging these thoughts and feelings.27. What can we infer from N aughton’s words?A. The deep breathing methods are a good way to let her eep calm when faced with stress.B. She dislies the deep breathing methods.C. Don’t be distracted by worries or possibilities.D. Enjoy all inds of activities carefully.C（河南省豫南北名校2018届高三精英联赛）Pollution's great effects on the environment have become more obvious in recent years, leading to a movement to promote energy efficiency（效率）,less reliance on fossil（化石) fuels, and a reduction in air and water pollution. Most scientists agree that such changes are necessary to protect our environment from further harm.The construction industry consumes a large quantity of energy and resources and creates a huge amount of pollution. In the United States, building and development account for 39% of the country's total energy use, 12% of total water consumption,68% of total electricity consumption and 38% of carbon dioide emissions（二氧化碳排放）, according to the Environment Protection Agency.Green buildings use less energy, water, create less waste, and are healthier to live, wor, and go to school in than standard buildings. Builders of green buildings use techniques that use resources more efficiently during the entire building cycle—construction, restoration, operation, maintenance（维护）and demolition（拆毁）—than those who construct more regular buildings.The environmental benefits of building green include the protection of ecosystems（生态系统）and biodiversity, improved air and water quality, less waste flowing into streams, and the protection of natural resources. Green buildings can also result in lower operating costs because they typically use less energy and fewer materials and improve indoor air quality, improving the health of people who live in such buildings.The process of building green includes technical and artistic planning with nature protection in mind. Building designs often reflect the surrounding environment and natural resources and use renewable building materials such as bamboo and straw. In addition, recycled resources found locally are used for green buildings, reducing the cost and air pollution associated with transporting materials over long distances.Careful site selection is important to minimie（最小化）human impact on the surrounding environment. For eample, placing a structure in an area that allows it to tae advantage of cool breees（微风）and sunlight can reduce energy use and epenses. More energy and epense are needed for larger buildings as well, so it is important to build small.Green roofs are another feature of green houses that reduce energy use and cost. These roofs are partly or completely covered with plants, which helps to eep heating and cooling costs, prevent water running off and deal with pollutants.Other features of green buildings often include energy and water conservation, recycling, and waste reduction. In addition, renewable energy sources such as solar power, hydropower（水能）and wind power are used for heat and electricity, which greatly reduces costs and decreases the impact on the environment.28. What is the tet mainly about?A. The necessity of promoting energy efficiency.B. The process of building green buildings.C. The benefits and features of green buildings.D. Green buildings effects on the environment.29. According to the tet, green buildings refer to the buildings that______.A. produce no wasteB. only use clean energyC. are made of recycled materialsD. use energy and resources more efficiently30. Which of the following statements is TRUE about green buildings?A. They rely on fossil fuels and solar power for heat and electricity.B. Small buildings are less efficient in energy use than larger ones.C. The ecosystem has to be considered when building a green building.D. They are difficult to maintain and thus need more operating costs.31. Why are green roofs used?A. They fit the surrounding environment well.B. They are cheaper than other inds of roofs.C. They can eep natural water for use in everyday life.D. They can help to control the temperature in the building well.D(河南省豫西南示范性高中2018届高三联考)Driverless technology will soon enter another major global industry shipping. Several companies recently announced plans to launch self sailing ships to improve safety and efficiency.One of them is Norwegian chemical company Yara International. Yara has teamed up with another Norwegian company, ongsberg, to build an autonomous goods ship epected to launch net year. ongsberg developed the ship’s electrical technology and autonomous control systems. The ship is fully electric to reduce air pollution. It is designed to carry goods containers normally transported by truc. This means the ship will also improve road safety by replacing about 40,000 truc trips a year. The company plans to operate the ships by far-away control beginning sometime net year. By 2020, the ships should be loading and sailing themselves. While Yara’s ships will be limited to Norway at first, the company plans to greatly epand its autonomous shipping operations in the coming years.Another company putting a high priority (优先) to self sailing ships is the world’s largest mining company, Australia’s BHP Billiton. The company’s Vice President of Freight, Rashpal Bhatti, recently spoe about the technology in a website post. Bhatti believes automation will be one of the biggest changes for shipping in the future. He said, “Autonomous ships offer significant opportunities to improve safety and provide better effectiveness results to the supply chain of the sea.” He added that self-sailing ships couldbecome a reality within the net decade.Rolls-Royce, the British automobile and engine manufacturer, is also developing unmanned shipping technologies. Osar Levander is the company’s head of operations at sea. He told a conference last year, “This is happening. It’s not if,it’s when.”Levander said these autonomous ships could be controlled by far-away operators from anywhere. He added, “Because these ships will be designed to be unmanned, they can be built smaller, more efficient and environmentally friendly.”32. Why have several countries announced plans to produce self-sailing ships?A. To save money.B. To develop electrical technology in ships.C. To compete in autonomous control systems.D. To mae shipping more effective and less risy.33. How will the Norwegian autonomous ship be developed?A. On the basis of Rolls-Royce.B. By a single company independently.C. By two native companies woring together.D. By taing electrical technology from Australia.34. What do Osar Levander’s words suggest in paragraph 4?A. It is too early to mae autonomous ships.B. The supply chain of the sea will be busier.C. People are more concerned about autonomous ships.D. Unmanned shipping technologies are becoming more mature.35. What would be the best title for the tet?A. Automation under SailB. Self-sailing Ships in UseC. Automation in Some FieldsD. Automation in Imagination第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。