江苏省泗阳中学2013届高考英语_专题训练-任务型阅读

高考专题训练—任务型阅读

任务型阅读是根据《普通高中课程标准（实验）》提出的“优化学习方式，提高自主学习能力”的理念设计的，旨在考查考生根据学习任务的需要“用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析和解决问题的能力”。该题型要求考生在阅读所给语言材料的基础上对相关信息进行加工，在读透文章、把握主题、理清文脉和审清题意的基础上以完成表格或图表的形式完成相关文字表达的任务。

一、文脉导引细节理解类

二、主题概括同意转述类

任务型阅读：

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入恰当的单词。

注意：每个空格只填一个单词。

Have you ever wondered why there are so many skin colors in the world? Do you know why people living in particular areas usually have a certain color? Biology and history are the two reasons for this.

Skin contains something called melanin, wh ich determines a person’s skin color. The more melanin a person has, the darker his or her skin will be. The amount of and the production of melanin are controlled by genetics, but can be affected by other things, such as sunlight. If a person lives in a place with less sunlight, a person’s body will produce less melanin, making the skin lighter.

Skin color is also affected by another source ---- vitamin D. humans all need vitamin D to build bones. People can get it by eating foods such as fish and milk, or from sunlight, so sunlight absorbed by melanin cannot be used for vitamin D production. Therefore, a dark—skinned person will produce less vitamin D than a light—skinned person when they received the same amount of sunlight.

The connection between vitamin D production and skin color is clear when we look at evolution. The earliest humans lived in Africa, their dark skin produced less vitamin D because of their dark skin. As a result, their skin made less melanin,

so they could get enough sunlight to produce vitamin D. their skin gradually got lighter and they lost hair. Now, people living in areas with strong sunlight like Africa, have darker skin, while people living in other areas have lighter skin. The exception to this is the Inuit, who live in a place with little sunlight, but have dark skin because they eat a lot of fish and have enough vitamin D.

Evolution has given us a rainbow of skin colors. Humans have always had melanin to determine our skin color. What has changed through history is the environment where we have lived. This has in turn changed our melanin production, and eventually, skin color.

A World of Skin Color

江苏高考任务型阅读解题的有效性---- 表格式：

一、审题：

1、审题目要求。①、是否可用文中的词填写。②、弄清字数限制。

此任务阅读限定每个空格只填一个词；对是否用文中的词填写没有限制即可用文中的词。

2、审任务设置类型。

①、表格式。（结构常为对比陈述；通常分左右栏，左栏为文章提纲右栏文章细节。）

此短文设置表格任务型。左栏为文章提纲：brief introduction、reasons、biology reasons、 historical reasons、conclusion；右栏为支撑每一topic的细节。

②、树状式。（结构常为先总后分；通常分上下框，上框为topic sentences,下框为supporting sentences。）

二、阅读：

1.读图表。（快速浏览，了解短文的写作提纲。）

浏览图表，了解：topic sentence 1 details topic sentence 2 details …

2. 读短文。

①、快读：快速浏览全文，抓住文章主题，同时结合图表，洞悉文章结构。

Paragraph 1 Topic sentence 1 …

②、细读：仔细阅读，获取充分信息，查出答题的对应信息点。

第一空paragraph 1归纳结构类词；

第二空对应信息点为why people living in particular areas usually have…;

第三空对应信息点为biology and history are the two reasons for this,要求学同义

转换;

第四空对应信息点为which determines a person’s skin color;

第五空对应信息点为…by producing more melanin, making the skin darker;

第六空对应信息点为skin color is also affected by another source—vitamin D;

第七空对应信息点为… a dark—skinned person will produce less…;

第八空对应信息点为… having darker skin, while people …;