2021考研必备之英语
2021考研英语阅读解答的必背技巧
2021考研英语:阅读解答的必背技巧2021考研英语:阅读解答的必背技巧一、快速阅读，心里不慌1、初读文章时哪些信息可以不读。
首先要弄出来哪些信息可以不读，哪些信息必读，初读文章时题干、选项、写作大纲、关键词这些是必读的，而有关职务、头衔、社会地位等补充性说明及句中破折号后提供的旁支信息、例子、对名人言论的引用的具体内容可以先不读。
一有关职务、头衔、社会地位等补充性说明;二句中破折号后提供的旁支信息;三复杂的难句中除了主、谓、宾以外的其他辅助信息除非与解题有关;四例子、对名人言论的引用的具体内容可以先不读，而只读前面的观点或总结句。
2、可以读哪些信息一读题干细心审题是一个重要环节，题干中包含解题的关键信息。
它们能够帮助考生在浏览文章时迅速选定“精读内容”进行集中消化、整理，同时舍弃与题目无关的信息，排除干扰，从而减少阅读量和时间，提高解题的正确性。
二读选项因为命题要求选项部分的语言难度要低于文章语言的难度，所以读懂选项的语言常常会帮助考生正确理解文章的内容。
三读文章的写作大纲。
先要问自己三个问题：①本文最重要的事物或观点是什么?②作者谈的是主题的哪个或哪些方面?③作者在这方面想说些什么?阅读要用眼更要用脑去判断哪些是重要信息，还要在脑子里加工、整理，从而得出全文的提纲。
四读主题句每个段落都有一个基本点，加在一起烘托出文章的中心思想。
各段的基本点常常通过段落主题句表示。
主题句的位置是不固定的，可以在开始也可以在结尾，有时也不出现，需要考生自己提炼。
主题句与其他句子的区别是它们的概括性更强，比较笼统、抽象。
五读关键词注意文章中出现频率最高的词和短语。
它们有时是相同的重复，有时以不同的形式出现，但是归根结底都是指同一事物或事情，因些就很可能是本篇短文的中心或关键问题或事物。
关键词和词组能够使句与句、段与段之间的关系更加清楚，提供了要点之间的“桥梁”，给读者指明了“路子”，是贯穿全文的线索。
考生在浏览文章时抓住、抓准这些关键信息，就可以迅速理解文章的主要内容、缩短解题时间。
2021年考研英语：作文重要词汇汇总
2021年考研英语：作文重要词汇汇总1、经济：economic globalization 经济全球化， sustainable development 可持续发展，unfaircompetition 不正当竞争， crack down on fake commodities 打假， boom 繁荣， fiercecompetition激烈竞争， credit crisis信用危机， stabilize prices 稳定物价2、文化：great and profound 博大精深的，integration and interaction 融合交汇，crash 碰撞，charming极具魅力的，splendid壮丽辉煌的，English fever 英语热3、环保：environment- friendly 生态型的，环保的，threat of global warming全球变暖的威胁，promote fundamental shifts in the economic system and mode of economic growth促进经济体制和经济增长方式的转变，curb environmental pollution/ bring the pollution under control治理环境污染， develop renewable resources 开发可再生资源， a low-carbon economy 低碳经济4、科技：science and technology 科学技术，web-addiction沉迷网络， computer crime 电脑犯罪， e-commerce 电子商务， virtual life 虚拟生活， information era信息时代，cyberromance网恋，surf the Internet网上冲浪5、就业：applicant申请人， position available/ vacant position空缺职位， competent 能胜任的，be qualified for合格的， proficiency熟练程度，job arrangement and benefit工作待遇和福利， promotion 晋升， gender-biased性别歧视的，appearance-biased相貌歧视的6、大学生活/教育：cultivate培养，further one‘s study 深造， quality education素质教育，foster abilities培养能力， relieve the burden on students 减轻学生负担， be occupied with so muchschoolwork 忙于功课 place emphasis on 以… 为重心，comprehensive 的，广泛的，practical capability实际能力，duck-stuffing填鸭式7、社会现象：enlightening 富有启发的， cause alarm and attention 引起了警惕和重视，set good example for为…树立榜样，dedicate做贡献， take action 采取行动，ensure implementing activities确保执行， vulnerable易诱惑的，易受影响的，be supposed to应该8、人物特征、情感描写：strong-minded 坚强的， industrious勤奋的， promising有前途的， dynamic有生气的，responsible有责任心的， influential有影响力的， profound渊博精深的，devoted忠实的，投入的，warm-hearted热心的一、术语表达专业术语主要运用于某一特定的领域，代表着作者的专业水平。
2021考研英语：必背的翻译技巧(二)
2021考研英语：必背的翻译技巧(二)考研英语有许多题目组成，方便大家及时了解，下面为你精心准备了“2021考研英语：必背的翻译技巧(二)”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取的考试资讯!2021考研英语：必背的翻译技巧(二)五、目的状语的翻译1. 总的来说，目的状语放在主句前翻译，把说明情况的主句放在后面。
She closed the door gently and stepped out of the room for fear that she should awake him.为了不弄醒他，她悄悄关上房门，轻轻地溜了出去。
2. 目的状语也可译在主句后边，表示以免、以防、使得、生怕等等。
He came back after work as quickly as possible, lest his mother should worry about him.他下了班就早早回家了，免得他母亲担心。
六、译成汉语的主动句1. 一般被动句的主语是无生命的主语，翻译时常常要将原文主语译为汉语中的主语。
When rust is formed, a chemical change has taken place.当锈形成的时候，就发生了化学变化。
2. 主语宾语颠倒位置一般英语中当动作主体的词前加上by时或由介词短语构成时，那么在译文中by后边的动作主体词或该介词短语中的名次就要充当主语，宾语则是原文中的主语。
Heat and light can be given off by this chemical change.这种化学反应能够释放出光和热。
3. 增加主语一些被动句在译为主动句时要增加一些主语，比如我们、人们、大家等等。
This issue has not been solved.人们还未解决这一问题。
七、译成汉语中的无主句汉语无主句较多，也是我们的思维方式和说话表达习惯等因素有关。
很多情况下，我们和处于同一背景生长环境下的人聊天，都不需要说主语，但是对方大多数情况下，都能理解你的意思。
2021考研英语最全语法点汇总
考研英语语法知识点归纳本内容将考研英语的语法点做了详细归纳，以便考生能系统性、针对性地学习和掌握，提高备考效率。
这里将考研英语语法点分成了7点，分别是1.简单句的核心2.简单句的拓展3.并列句4.复合句5.特殊句式6.普通结构的长难句7.特殊结构的长难句以下针对每一点做详细分析和解读。
一、简单句的核心目录1. 简单句的核心构成2. 简单句的核心变化2.1 谓语动词的核心变化2.1.1 谓语动词的时态变化2.1.2 谓语动词的情态变化2.1.3 谓语动词的语态变化2.1.4 谓语动词的否定变化2.1.5 谓语动词的强调变化2.2 主语、宾语、表语的变化2.2.1 名词、代词作主宾表2.2.2 非谓语动词doing作主宾2.2.3 非谓语动词to do作主宾表2.2.4 并列多个主宾表语1. 简单句的核心构成简单句：仅描述一件事情1.主谓结构：主语+谓语Smaller species survived.More apparent reasonableness followed.2.主谓宾结构：主语+谓语+宾语Everybody loves a fat pay rise.Many students experience both varieties.3.主谓双宾结构：{主+谓+人+物主+谓+物+介+人\begin{cases}& \text{主+谓+人+物} \\& \text{主+谓+物+介+人}\end{cases}{主+谓+人+物主+谓+物+介+人They gave justices permanent positions.…railroads charged all customers the same average rate.4.主谓宾补结构：主语+谓语+宾语+宾补You always keep your eyes open.The spooks call it “open source intelligence”.5.主系表结构：主语+系动词+表语常用系动词如下表：系动词注解be动词单独使用get/become/trun/go/grown“变得…”look/sound/smell/saste/feel感官动词(看/听/闻/尝/感觉) keep remain/seem appear/prove保持/看起来/证明This is a dangerous game.Their behavior became markedly different.And most folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability…2. 简单句的核心变化2.1 谓语动词的核心变化谓语动词只能有一个，由一个或几个单词构成一个整体2.1.1 谓语动词的时态变化时态表格如下，加粗为重点掌握：态\时过去现在将来过去将来一般did do/does will do/be going to do would do/(was/were) going to do进行was/were doing be doing w ill/shall be doing完成had done have/has done will have done完成进行had been doing have/has been doing will have been doing1.一般过去时指过去的事谓语动词⟹did (was/were)Last year Japan experenced 2125 incident of school violence.…this city was one of the largest human settlements in the word.2.一般过去时指现在的状态，现在经常性/习惯性的事谓语动词⟹do/does (is/are)So far the results are inconlusive.Today it makes almost no difference.3.一般将来时指现在的将来谓语动词⟹will do/be going to doWe will have a less civil society.I don’t know if other clients are going to be able to compete in such a rich and hot-contested market.4.过去将来时指过去的将来，常与一般过去时一起使用谓语动词⟹would do/(was/were) going to doThey gave justices permanent positions so they would be free to upset those in power. For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors … was going to be the next casualty.5.过去完成时指过去的之前谓语动词⟹had doneHe had never gambled before the casino sent him a coupon for $20 worth of gambling. The interviewers had rated applicants on a scale of one to five.6.现在完成时指现在的之前，跨越过去→现在两个时间段谓语动词⟹have/has doneTime has given them legitimacy.For the most part, the response has been favorable.补充：现在完成时常加"already,just,ever,never,lonely,also"等副词作为补充成分。
2021考研英语知识点：定语从句的语法精析
2021考研英语知识点：定语从句的语法精析考研英语备考很多事情都要提上日程了，看看哪些是该注意的，下面由小编为你精心准备了“2021考研英语知识点：定语从句的语法精析”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!2021考研英语知识点：定语从句的语法精析语法是考研英语的基础，这部分在研究生英语考试中不再单独考查，但是语法知识贯穿在整个英语考卷的各个题型中。
完型填空题会直接考查语法知识;阅读理解题和英译汉中有大量的长难句，这些句子只有具备一定的语法知识才能正确分析;作文中要写出正确无误的句子，也需要语法知识。
这部分基础如果欠缺，其它的综合能力提高起来将会很慢，所以所有考生都务必重视考研语法的复习。
从句就是一个主谓结构相当于整个句子(这样的句子叫复合句)中的一个成分，因此从句不能单独使用。
在复合句中修饰名词或代词、作定语的句子叫定语从句。
定语从句是中国人学英语最重要的难点之一。
其实定语从句很有规律，总结如下：在关系代词中that既可指人又可指物、既可作主语又可作宾语，因此，除了在非限定性定语从句中，用that一般不会出问题。
关系副词的用法比较单一，它们从句中只起状语的作用，表示时间的就用who门，表示地点的就用where，而why只修饰一个词，即reason。
定语从句所修饰的词叫“先行词”，因为它总是处在定语从句的前头，比定语从句先行一步。
引导定语从句的词叫关系词，包括关系代词和关系副词。
•关系代词：who，which，that作从句的主语whom，which，that作从句的宾语(可省略)whose从句中作定语以下情况只能用that，不能用which:i.先行词为不定代词all, little, none，any，every，no，much, anything, nothingii. 先行词有最高级和序数词修饰时(包括: the only, the very, the same, the last, the next等)iii.先行词既有人又有物的时候以下情况只能用which，不能用that;① 引导非限制性定语从句(包括代表整个主句的意思时)② 介词+关系代词的结构中•关系副词：when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，只修饰reason。
2021考研英语用什么资料？考研人必备资料汇总!
21考研的同学，现在要开始准备英语啦。
尤其看到今年一片哀嚎的英语一，早早准备吧真的，天知道考场上会遇见什么妖魔鬼怪。
下面我就整理总结一下复习各个阶段会用到的资料，不光有书籍，还有一些好用的APP~，你可以根据自己的实际情况参考一下。
一、参考书【必买部分】单词书：《考研词汇闪过》，考纲词汇都有，用法搭配也很全，按真题考频划分了重点，有高频词、中频词和低频词，还有常考短语讲用法，不仅省时间，而且你记了单词还会用。
真题书：英一《考研真相》，真题我就用了这一本，里面里面每个句子都给你拆分图解，重点单词还标注，比其他真题书都详细，解题方面也是逐一排除干扰项，提高做题正确率，任何阅读题都能用。
适合基础弱想大幅提分的同学用，四六级过不了还要考研的那种（比如我，一个四级453的学渣）。
你要是考英语二的话，就用《考研圣经》，就是考研真相的英语二系列。
二、参考书【选买部分】除了必买部分，还有下面这些非必买的，可以根据自己的需要做选择。
阅读题源：①《经济学人》②《时代周刊》③《卫报》考研很多文章都选自这里，如果你是大三上学期准备甚至更早的话可以找来看看。
看的时候以了解大背景为目的，比如目前的经济形势，有哪些新技术这些，不要试图撞到阅读原文，所有的文章选进考研都会改的，专门改出一堆长难句，所以完全原文是不可能的。
三、手机APP除了书还有一些实用的小工具也分享给大家。
视频课：小破站，简直考研人必备。
上面有好多老师的讲解视频，6月之前只能找到上一年，6月开始就会有新一年的视频传上来。
可以倍速播放，提高看课效率。
背单词：百词斩，碎片时间背单词。
大三很多同学还有课，学校活动也比较多，抽空就可以用百词斩背单词，它是用图片背单词，方便好记还有趣。
啊对它还能测词汇量，然后预测你考研分数，还挺好玩的。
其他：番茄钟，计时软件。
英语真题一开始就按照考试时间做更好些，方便形成考试习惯，我就下了这个计时软件。
还有很多其他的计时软件，大家可以搜搜看。
2021考研英语：必背的翻译技巧一
2021考研英语：必背的翻译技巧一2021考研英语：必背的翻译技巧一一、增译主语由于表达习惯不同，英文中常有省略主语的现象，在翻译成汉语时要把它们译出来。
情况一般有以下几种：以抽象名词作主语，而中文的表达习惯则需要把抽象变为具体;英文中常常会为了避免重复而多用介词，中文则不怕重复，一个词会用上好几遍;英语中的复数名词译为汉语时，常常加入这些、各种、种种等，要视具体语境情况而定。
He did not give us satisfied answer; this made us angry.他并没有给出我们满意的答复，这种态度使得我们非常生气。
There are solutions proposed to solve the public problem.针对这一公共问题，大家提出了种种解决方案。
二、增译谓语同理，需要增译谓语的情况也时有出现。
英语中出现两个或多个相同谓语时，常常会省略，以使句子不那么赘余，而中文中则要译出来，使其表达更加地道。
英文中的介词短语译为中文时往往要增译动词，而有些英语中的名词在译为中文时也要加入相应的动词，使其意义更加完整，表达更加明确。
We went to Xiamen this week, Shenzhen next week.我们这周去厦门，下周去深圳。
After the party, he has got a very important speech.参加完聚会后，他还要发表一个重要讲话。
三、时间状语的翻译1. 时间状语常常可以直接翻译，一般译到主句前。
He came in while I was watching TV.我在吃饭的时候他进来了。
They burst into tears suddenly when they heard the sad news.他们听到这个悲惨的消息之后突然大哭起来。
2. 有的时间状语从句引导词除了表示时间以外，还会附带条件性，所以在翻译的时候要译出条件关系。
2021考研英语5500核心词汇（讲义版）
2021考研英语5500核⼼词汇（讲义版）5500核⼼词汇前缀篇：Unit 1 表⽅向⼀、e- = ex- : out 向外e-【词频≥2】1. education n. 教育2. emotion n. 情绪3. emotional a. 情绪化的；情绪的4. event n. 事件5. e lit e n. 精英ex lectout choose选择e lect v. 选举（被挑选出来的——精英）6. e lect ion n. 选举7. e vad e v. 逃避；规避ex ⾛in vad e v. 侵略（向外⾛——流亡海外——逃避；规避）进⼊（向⾥⾛——侵略）8. e labor ate a. 精⼼制作的v. 详细阐述ex n.劳动out(向外体现出劳动——精⼼制作的)9. e merg e v. 出现out 融合merg er n. 合并；兼并（融合⾯向外——出现）10. emerge nce n. 出现11. evolve v. 进化；发展12. evolution n. 进化；发展13. evident a. 明显的14. evidence n. 证据【词频=1】15. e min ent a. 杰出的；有名的out mount突出mount n. ⼭峰mountain n. ⼭（向外突出的——杰出的；有名的）16. elevat ing a. 起提升作⽤的e lev ate v. 提升；提⾼out level n. ⽔平；⽔平⾯（⽔平⾯向外——提升；提⾼）17. eject v. 喷射；驱逐18. e vok e v. 引起；唤起out vocvoice n. 声⾳（向外发出声⾳——引起；唤起）ex-【词频≥2】19. example n. 例⼦20. experience n. 经验[U] 经历[C] v. 经历21. experiment n. 实验22. expert n. 专家23. expectation n. 期望24. execut ive n. 主管；⾏政领导exe cute v. 执⾏；实⾏（联想：.exe⽂件：执⾏⽂件）25. execution n. 执⾏；实⾏26. explain v. 解释27. explanation n. 解释28. ex plore v. 探索out 喊（喊出来：古时候⼈们打猎，现在森林⾥⼤喊，惊出鸟兽，便于捕猎。
2021考研英语：备考词汇全攻略
2021考研英语：备考词汇全攻略考研英语备考很多事情都要提上日程了，看看哪些是该注意的，下面由小编为你精心准备了“2021考研英语：备考词汇全攻略”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!2021考研英语：备考词汇全攻略people n. 1.[用作person的复数]人;人们 2.[the ~]人民，国民;民众;平民 3.[用作单或复]一国人民;民族 v.居住于，构成…的人口【例句】The government of the ~, by the ~, and for the ~ shall not perish form the earth. 民有、民治、民享的政府将永世长存。
【认知】广义词。
“peop”与“pop”为变体，含义为“crowd; nation”(人民;民众)。
在言语中使用时常不包括说话者自己在内。
job [n. 1.(一件)工作，活儿，活计;零活2.做的工作，需特别费力的事【例句】Nothing is particularly hard if you divide it into small ~s. 如果化整为零，什么工作都不会太【认知】本词的核心意义与“工作”具有关联性。
本词侧重于困难性。
world [n. 1.世界，地球，天下2.人类;世人;众人3.人世，今世;来世【例句】Naked came I into the ~. and naked must I go out. 我赤身来到民世上，也必须赤身离去。
【认知】G。
本词的核心意义与“人—纪元”具有关联性。
本词强调人文的方面。
work n. 1.工作(量)，劳动，作业 2.职业，差事 3.工作成果;产品，著作，作品 4.作用，效果 v. 1.工作;干活，劳动(~ out)2.起作用，有效【例句】The English public takes no interest in a ~ of art until it is told the ~ in question is immoral. 在有人说一件作品不道德之前，英国大众对这一作品不感兴趣。
2021年考研英语一真题词汇汇总
2021第一部分：知识运用完形填空have to do with 与......有关logically ad .合逻辑地abstractly ad .抽象地level out 呈平稳状态decline v.下降；衰退inevitable a.不可避免的abdomen n.腹部be associated with 与......有关prevent [pri'vent]v.预防，防止measurement n.测量的结果lean muscle 精瘦的肌肉immunity n.免疫力result from 由...造成lead to 带来；导致mass n.质量recommend v.推荐recommend v .推荐aerobic a.有氧的fiber n.纤维eliminate v.消除processed food 加工食品第二部分：阅读理解A .传统阅读【词汇注释】operator n.经营者，专业公司justify v.证明......有理rail n.铁路fare n.车费grimly ad.冷酷地；无情地annual a.每年的；一年一次的ritual n.惯例；例行公事impose v.加（负担、惩罚等）于option n.选择fraction n.少量；一点儿inflation n.通货膨胀；通胀率successive a.连续的；相继的ground n.〈常作grounds 〉充分的理由；根据bear v.承受；忍受argument n.论据；理由pensioner n.领养老金(或抚恤金)者subsidise v.〈亦作subsidize 〉资助；补助commute n.(乘火车等)上下班往返stockbroker n.股票经纪人equally ad.同样，此外，也travail n.艰难的处境endure v.忍耐；忍受infrastructure n.基础设施建设strike n.罢工trumpet v.宣扬；鼓吹；吹嘘sum n.金额；款项union n.工会case n.论据；理由compensation n.补偿；赔偿disruption n.扰乱；干扰pledge v.保证给予；正式承诺introduce v.推行；实施；采用minimum a.最低的；最小的package n.一套；一揽子address v.设法解决；处理long-running a.持续时间长的indefinitely ad.无限期地cramped a.狭窄的；狭小的punctuate v.不时打断chaos n.混乱；混杂maintenance n.维护；保养incompetently ad.无能力地;不能胜任地nationalisation n.国有化【经典搭配】or otherwise或相反，或其反面all very well (用于批评或反驳)某人尽可做某事rest on 依赖；依靠industrial action (罢工等)劳工行动see off 赶走，驱逐with a vengeance 猛烈地；程度更深地in short order 立即；毫不耽搁地【词汇注释】mark v.标志...的发生bleak a.不乐观的；无望的；暗淡的deforestation n.毁林；滥伐森林slow v.减缓pace n.发生的速度turnaround n.好转；转机regular a.常规的；定期的conditional a.附带条件的transfer n.转让；转移assistancen.帮助；援助；支持inequality n.不平等substantially ad.非常；大大地severe a.十分严重的poverty n.贫困alleviation n.缓和conflicting a.冲突的；矛盾的correlate v.相互关联；相互依赖degradation n.毁坏，恶化（过程）causality n.因果关系；因果性institute v.实行negatively ad.有害地；负面地though ad.不过；可是；然而tropical a.热带的annual a.每年的；年度的forested a.满是森林的；林木覆盖的associated a.有关联的；相关的makeshift a.临时替代的；权宜的inclement a.（天气）恶劣的delay v.延期；推迟supplement v.增补；补充translate v.（使）适应不同情况；转化transfer v.转移（地方）；转用commonality n.共性；共同特征access n.进入权；使用权；接触的机会transferability n.可转移性emission n.排放物；散发物【经典搭配】in a row 连续phase in 逐步引入；分阶段开始under......conditions在......境况或条件下dozens of 几十；许多in fact 事实上；确切地说cause and effect因果关系have to 必须；不得不insurance （policies ）against sth防备不测的保障措施，安全保证anybody's gues s 谁也拿不准的事regardless of 不管；不顾；不理会carbon dioxide 二氧化碳preoccupied a.专注的；全神贯注的shatter v.粉碎；破灭prudery n.过分拘谨；故作正经stir n.激动；愤怒human a.有人情味的；通人情的concede v.承认portraiture n.肖像；画像miserablyad.痛苦地;非常难受地backdrop n.背景幕布absently ad.心不在焉地；出神地exposure n.曝光时间notoriously ad.众所周知地daguerreotype n.(早期的)达盖尔银版照片copper n.铜blurred a.模糊不清的limb n .肢；臂；腿grin n.露齿笑；咧嘴笑contemplate v.考虑接受（发生某事的可能性）non-committal a.无明确意义的；态度不明朗的introduction n.初次投入使用；采用portable a.便携式的instantaneous a.立即的；立刻的spontaneous a.（动作等）无意识的，不由自主的capture v.拍摄explanation n.解释；理由hesitate v.有疑虑；不愿意dignity n.庄严；尊严conceal v.隐藏，掩盖maxim n.格言；箴言proper a.严格意义上的，真正的dentistry n.牙科学shocking a.非常糟糕的hygiene n.卫生flashing a.闪光的pearlya.珍珠的；似珍珠的preserve n.（某人或群体活动等的）专门领域guarantee v.确保；使必然发生toothy a.露齿的gnashers n.[pl.]牙齿drunk n.醉汉；酒鬼tramp n.流浪汉；流浪乞丐performer n.演出者；演员gurn v.做俏皮相；扮鬼脸gum n.牙龈；齿龈becoming a.合适的；与...相称的breed v.以...方式教育hearty a.尽情的photographic a.摄影的；照片的portrait n.肖像；人像【经典搭配】cause a stir 引起轰动；引发议论fade away 逐渐消失perform one's duty履行职责allude to 暗指，影射when it comes to 当谈到某事时【词汇注释】broadband n.宽带连接advocate n.支持者；倡导者cable n.有线电视incentive n.刺激；动机affiliated a.隶属的lifeblood n.（事物的）命脉；生命线pushback n.反对；抵制conservative n.保守派resolution n.决议；正式决定prolong v.延长party-line a.政党路线的pen v.起草；草拟eliminate v.排除；清除commission n.委员会agency n.（政府的）专门机构conglomerate n.联合大企业；企业集团impose v.迫使；把...强加于cap n.最高限额unanimously ad.全体一致地uphold v.维持；确认（原判、裁决等）deregulate v.解除对......的管制/限制cite v.引用，援引Supreme Court 最高法院move n.行为；举措concurring a.意见一致的unhinge 从较链上取下；与.......脱节intervene v.干涉；介入trap v.使......陷入险境/困境anachronism n.过时的人（或风俗、思想）；不合时宜block v.妨碍；阻碍preserve v.保留；维护preempt v.先占，先取undermine v.逐渐削弱（信心、权威等）battle n.较量；争论enact v.颁布；通过（法律）abdication n.退位；放弃explicit a.直截了当的；不含糊的bar v.禁止meddle v.干涉；管闲事traffic n.流量weigh in加入（争论或争吵）at issue 是讨论的焦点at the expense of 在牺牲（或损害）....的情况下throw out 否决in the wake of 随着...而来；作为....的结果back-and-forth反复；来回cry out for 迫切需要once and for all彻底地；一劳永逸地B.新题型【词汇注释】typically ad.通常；一般sinister a.邪恶的upend v.颠覆impending a.（不愉快的事）即将发生的doom-and-gloom a.前景黯淡的replace v.代替；取代remove v.去除；排除unconscious a.无意识的bias n.偏见；偏心algorithm n.（计算机）算法analytics n.（计算机的）数据分析identify v.认出；识别optimize v.优化outperform v.超过；胜过revenue n.收入；收益reduce v.减少meanwhile ad.同时premium n.保险费infrastructure n.基础设施inspect v.检查；查看failure n.故障；失灵（动词fail ）leak n.渗漏；泄漏relevant a.相关的otherwise ad.否则；不然review v.评审；审查audit n.审计channel n.渠道；途径yield v.产生（收益，效益等）versus prep.与...相对；与...相比resume n.（求职用的）履历，简历promising a.有希望的；有前途的【经典搭配】cut down on sth 削减......的数量或数目C.翻译【词汇注释】watershed n.转折点；分水岭enrollment n.入学；注册roughly ad.大约；大致constant a.不变的；固定的relevant a.紧密相关的；切题的；适宜的arise v.（由...）引起；（因....）产生economy n.（就经济体制而言）国家entry n.进入（指权利、机会）expansion n.扩张；扩展unevenly ad.不均衡地double v.（使）加倍；是......的两倍absolute a.完全的；全部的；绝对的institution n.（大学、银行等规模大的）机构reflect v.反映；映出proportion n.比例enroll v.（使）加入，注册，登记manifestation n.显示；表明peculiar a.特有的；特殊的governance n.统治；管理administration n.（企业、学校等的）管理，行政socialization n.比适应社会的过程;社会化faculty n.（高等院校的）系；院predominantlyad.主要地；多数情况下define v.阐明；明确；界定norm n.（norms ）规范；行为标准apprenticeship n.学徒期；学徒工作consequence n.结果；后果intellectual a.有才智的；智力发达的weaken v.使强度减弱；削弱admit v.允许加入（俱乐部、组织）marked a.显而易见的；明显的；显著的arrangement n.安排；筹备empowerment n .赋权【经典搭配】result in 造成；导致in turn 相应地；继而give rise to 引起；导致place strain on 使……（极度）紧张；使处于紧张状态in the wake of sth 随....之后而来；跟随在...后第三部分：写作A.小作文【必备表达】be conducive to 有助于take sth into account 考虑到；顾及set about 着手；开始做specially designed 专门设计的submit ［v.］提交，呈递（文件等）visa （护照的）签证【活用外刊】So is the free trade area a viable option for the UK?A second whistleblower has come forward,this one with first-hand information about events thattriggered an impeachment investigation.B.大作文【必备表达】in a tone of ...以...的口吻passion 热衷的爱好fulfilling 令人心满意足的for fear of 唯恐；以免disapproval 不赞成；反对constructive 建设性的；有助益的be conducive to ...有助于...take charge of ...掌管...throwaway 脱口而出的biased 有偏见的；片面的remark 言论；评述different strokes for different folks 人各有所好give in to ...屈服于...follow the herd 从众；随大流determined坚决的courageous 勇敢的【活用外刊】The FDA was swayed by some prominent cancer researchers who wrote letters saying the datawere lousy。
2021考研英语一翻译必背单词汇总
2021考研翻译必背单词汇总
50) tui on 学费、讲授；
08 年 46)believe 相信，assert 断言, claim 声称, argue 争论, assume 假设, maintain 主张 contend 斗争、坚持说, point out 指出, be convinced that 确信, accept 接受、承认, prove 证明 demonstrate 展示、游行、证明、表明, validate 证明, state 状态、州、说明、陈述,scribe 描述 tell 说明, show 说明、展示, consider 考虑, opine 表达观点
difficulty 困难, difficult 困难的, compensate 补偿, compensate for 补偿 advantage 优点, advantageous 有优势的, advance 进步、发展 force 力量、强迫, strength 力量, power 力量、权力 thus 因此, therefore 因此, hence 因此 enable 使能够, detect 探察、发现, detector 探测器, detec ve 侦探 error 错误, mistake 失误, false 错误, flaw 缺点、瑕疵, shortcoming 缺点 reason 推理、原因, reasoned 理性的, reasoning 推理, reasonable 合理的 observe 观察, observa on 观察, observer 观察者; 47)follow 跟随, pure 纯, purely 纯粹地、完全地, abstract 抽象的, a ract 吸引 concrete 具体的, limit 限制、有限的, confine 限制, certain 确认; 48) as well 也, as well as 和一样, found 建立, well-founded 有根据的
2021年考研英语：作文道德类必备素材
2021年考研英语：作文道德类必备素材一、必备词汇1、虚假承诺：false promise2、社会道德：social morality3、社会公德：social virtue4、躲避责任：shrink from responsibilities5、道德缺失：lack of moral sense6、追求经济利益：in pursuit of economic benefits7、忽视努力工作：ignore hard word8、缺乏社会意识：lack of social consciousness9、信任危机：the crisis of trust10、不道德行为：immoral behaviors二、必备素材句1、每个人都有责任去关爱他人。
It is our important duty totake care of/ help others.2、从个人角度看，每个人，尤其是在困境中时，都需要别人的帮助或关爱，以满足身心发展的需求。
From the personal angel, every human has the need ofbeing taken care of/helped/understood/encouragedin order to meethis physical and mental requirements/ to get healthy physical and mental development,especially when he is in trouble.3、从社会角度看，一个重视并倡导无私奉献精神的社会才能使公民快乐生活。
From the social perspective, a society that advocates and emphasizes selfless devotion can make its citizens live happy lives.4、社会公德与传统美德就如同落在我们肩上的阳光，带给我们微笑和力量，不论周围的世界变得多么黑暗，它们都能给我们支持。
考研英语高频词汇 这200个单词必背
考研英语高频词汇这200个单词必背考研（Graduate Entrance Examination）是中国的一种学术考试，被广泛认为是申请研究生的重要途径之一。
其中，英语是考研的一项必考科目，而掌握高频词汇是英语考试的基础。
本文将为大家介绍考研英语中的200个高频词汇，这些单词必须熟记于心，以便在考试中获得更好的成绩。
首先，让我们从字母“A”开始。
1. abandon：v. 放弃2. ability：n. 能力3. absorb：v. 吸收4. abstract：adj. 抽象的5. academic：adj. 学术的6. accompany：v. 陪伴7. accumulate：v. 积累8. accurate：adj. 准确的9. achieve：v. 实现10. acknowledge：v. 承认接下来，让我们进一步探索高频单词。
11. acquire：v. 获得12. adapt：v. 适应13. adequate：adj. 充分的14. adjust：v. 调整15. administration：n. 管理16. adopt：v. 采用17. advocate：v. 提倡18. affect：v. 影响19. aid：n. 援助20. albeit：conj. 尽管在继续之前，我们可以看到这些词汇都是按字母顺序排列的，这样有助于记忆和查找。
接下来是"b"开头的单词。
21. benefit：n. 利益22. bias：n. 偏见23. boundary：n. 边界24. brief：adj. 简洁的25. bulk：n. 大量26. capable：adj. 有能力的27. capacity：n. 容量28. capture：v. 捕捉29. cease：v. 停止30. challenge：v. 挑战在接下来的内容中，我们将进一步了解"c"开头的高频词汇。
2021年英语考研英语专业考研汉英翻译复习技巧与资料
2021年英语考研英语专业考研汉英翻译复习技巧与资料第1章汉译英技巧指南英汉语言对比英汉两种语言属不同语系，经过长期的历史演变构成了自己鲜明的特点。
因此，对比英汉两种语言的异同，从而掌握它们的特点，对做好英汉互译是十分重要的。
英汉翻译的翻译理论、方法和技巧都建立在英汉两种语言的对比上。
在具体介绍英汉翻译技巧之前，本部分将对英汉两种语言进行宏观上的对比，以助于译者掌握两种语言的特点，并在翻译时自觉运用这些特点，译出更符合目标语的译文。
一、英语重结构，汉语重语义英语造句常用各种形式和手段连接词、语、分句或从句，注重显性接应，注重句子形式，注重结构完整，注重以形显意。
句子以形寓意，以法摄神，因而严密规范，采用的是焦点句法。
与英语造句手段不同，汉语造句注重隐形连贯，注重逻辑事理顺序，注重功能、意义，注重以神统形，注重意念连贯，不求结构齐整。
句子以意役形，以神统法，因而流泻铺排，采用的是散点句法。
汉语很少用甚至不用形式连接手段，词语之间的关系常在不言之中，语法意义和逻辑关系常隐含在字里行间。
英译汉时，往往要先分析句子的结构、形式，才能确定句子的功能、意义；汉译英时，则要先分析句子的功能、意义，才能确定句子的结构、形式，这样才能使译文通顺、流畅。
二、英语是综合语，汉语是分析语英语是综合性语言，它主要通过本身的形态变化（如数、时、格等）来表达其语言意义。
如表示不同时态时，规则动词的过去式和过去分词，在动词原形后加-ed，不规则动词的过去式和过去分词都各有不同变化。
汉语是分析性语言，它的语法关系和句法关系主要不是通过词语本身来体现，而是通过虚词、词序等手段表示出来的。
比如，单看“工作”这个词，很难判断其词性，但如果说“努力工作（work hard），找工作（to find jobs）”，就很容易看出来了。
三、英语多前重心，汉语多后重心在表达多逻辑思维时，英语往往是判断或结论等在前，事实或描写等在后，即重心在前；汉语则是由因到果、由假设到推论、由事实到结论，即重心在后。
2021考研英语大纲必考5500词汇轻松背(二)
2021考研英语大纲必考5500词汇轻松背(二)（实用版）编制人：__________________审核人：__________________审批人：__________________编制学校：__________________编制时间：____年____月____日序言下载提示：该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的，希望大家下载后，能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
文档下载后可定制修改，请根据实际需要进行调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种类型的学习资料，如考研资料、高考资料、自考资料、成考资料、中考资料、专升本资料、模拟试题、考试真题、考试攻略、其他资料等等，想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor.I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!In addition, this shop provides you with various types of learning materials, such as postgraduate entrance examination materials, college entrance examination materials, self-examination materials, completion test materials, high school entrance examination materials, college entrance examination materials, mock test questions, real test questions, test strategies, other materials, etc. I want to know the difference Please pay attention to the format and writing of the information!2021考研英语大纲必考5500词汇轻松背(二)2021年考研英语大纲规定考生应掌握考研词汇和词组约5500个，整理包含考研单词的句型供大家背诵，每天记一些不要冒进！2021考研英语大纲必考5500词汇轻松背汇总51. He repeatedly repeats, "Eat meat."他再三重复说:"吃肉."52. Having canceled X-ray scan, the cancerous candidate on the canvas ate the idle candles in the candy can.取消X线扫描后，帆布上的癌症候选人吃了糖果罐里的闲置蜡烛。
2021年考研英语39个必背短语和例句
2021年考研英语39个必背短语和例句▶20. on account先付; 暂付; 用赊购的办法; 用分期付款的办法;[例句]You can have this on account.这货你可以赊账买下。
▶21. on no account绝不，切莫;[例句]On no account must you accept any money if he offers you.如果他给你钱你绝不要接受。
▶22. of no account不重要的，无价值的;[例句]It's of no account to me whether he comes or not.他来不来对我毫不重要。
▶23. take into account顾及; 重视，考虑;[例句]Take into account your own strengths and weaknesses.考虑一下你自己的优缺点。
▶24. give sb an account of说明, 解释(理由)[例句]Please give me an account of your trip.请你告诉我你旅行的情况。
▶25. account for说明(原因、理由等); 导致，引起; (在数量、比例上) 占; 对…负责;[例句]Computers account for 5% of the country's commercial electricity consumption.计算机占去该国商业用电的5%。
▶26. on account of由于; 基于;[例句]The flight was postponed on account of bad weather.因为天气恶劣，飞行延期了。
▶27. accuse of指责，控告;[例句]Accuse of a wrong or an inadequacy.对错误或不足提出责备。
▶28. be accustomed to习惯于; 习以为常;[例句]Something that would be useful for you to be accustomed to.一种你们习惯以后会很有帮助的事。
2021考研英语每年必考的九个语法点
2021考研英语每年必考的九个语法点语法是考研英语的基础，这部分在考试当中虽然没有明确一种题型单独测试，但任何其它一种题型中都贯穿很多的语法知识，这部分基础如果欠缺，其它的综合能力提高起来将会很慢，所以所有复习考研的学生都要重视语法知识。
语法复习起来应该有所侧重，必须有针对性，否则死扣语法，不但浪费时间，也不一定能有很好的效果。
重点内容是什么呢?给大家总结的语法知识点如下：并列句的同等关系、并列句的选择关系、并列句的转折关系、并列句的因果关系、并列句的对比关系;复合句的主语从句、复合句的宾语从句、复合句的表语从句、复合句的同位语从句、复合句的定语从句、复合句的状语从句;非谓语动词;谓语动词的时态;谓语动词的语态(包括其翻译的方法);倒装结构句;比较结构句;省略句结构;关于as与than的特殊用法等。
考研并不是多么难的事情，关键是自己要调整心态，给自己信心和勇气，按照规划长期坚持复习。
当然，选报一个考研辅导班，对于考研学生，语法基础又比较好的同学来说是非常好的选择，需要帮助的考生不妨听一听老师的辅导，增加学习的方法和技巧，减少盲目性。
下面给大家分析一下考研英语必考的几个语法点：第一、虚拟语气.第二、动词的时态.第三、动词的非谓语形式.第四、倒装，倒装在翻译里面考的多，一般一个英文的句序加入它是倒装的，你必须把它译成主动的，否则的话扣0.5分。
第五、强调，强调在哪儿考的多啊，在阅读理解里面，你一旦发现有强调的句式你就把后面的东西圈起来，都是出题的陷阱。
第六、主谓一致，主谓一致在完型天空中考的最多.第七、省略，省略在翻译里面考的最多，因为一个句子，它把它省略出来了，那么你在翻译的时候要把被省略的内容翻译出来，否则扣1分，记住了，这就是规则。
第八、从句，包括定语从句，状语从句，都在内。
第九、THERE BE 句型，简单。
以上便是每年必考的九点语法知识，这些知识点除了课上认真听老师的讲解，还要在课下通过真题来巩固理论，查漏补缺。
2021考研英语二核心词汇
accomplish vt.完成任务等goal n.目的;目标；得分进球;球门tendency n.趋势;倾向managerial a.经理的;管理人的；管理上的;经营上的implement vt.实现；完成；履行suboptimization n.局部最优化;次优化achievement n.完成;达到；成就;成绩multiple a.多样的;复合的n.倍数constraint n.强制；强制因素;制约条件scheme n.计划；方案vt./vi.计划;策划attain vt.达到；完成define vt.解释;给…下定义；限定;规定accompany vt.伴随;陪同；为…伴奏correctness n.正确;正确性budget n.预算vt.把…编入预算；安排;预定organizational a.组织上的maker n.制造者；制造商optimal a.最适宜的；最理想的precedent n.先例;前例argue vt./vi.争辨;争论;辩论；说服predict vt./vi.预言；预示slimplify vt.简化objective n.目标;目的a.客观的；无偏见的profitability n.赚钱;获得trade-off n.对不能同时兼顾的因素权衡；物物交speechless a.不会说话的；不说话的candidate n.候选人;候补者；应试者interviewer n.接见者；面谈者entity n.存在;实体；统一性community n.社区；共同体unintended a.非计划中的;非故意的ongoing a.进行中的;前进的to make a guess at 猜测in part 部分地;在某种程度上indifference n.冷漠；不感兴趣tovague a.含糊的；不明确的skilled a.熟练的；有技能的and the like 等等;诸如此类prospect n.展望;景象；常pl.前景;前程clarification n.澄清;阐明criticism n.批评；评论notion n.概念；想法;看法personality n.个性；人格；品格interview vt./n.面谈;采访；面试;口试correspondence n.符合;一致；通信prospective a.预期的；未来的unattractive a.无吸引力的；不引人注意的in the way 挡路；碍事point of view 观点to seek to 追求;争取day to day work 日常工作exert vt.尽力；施加压力等；行使职权等miniskirt n.超短裙astronomer n.天文学家photocopy vt./n.复印;影印；照相复制本to ask for 请求;向…要；寻找to turn down 拒绝；调小或调低；翻下escape vi./vt.逃跑；避免n.逃跑；逃路;出口to one's advantage 对某人有利punk n.俚阿飞；朋克a.颓废派的intimidate vt.恐吓;恫吓clutch vt./vi.抓住;握紧to make sure 查明;弄确实；确信grip vt./n.紧握;紧夹；掌握;控制conservative a.保存的;防腐的；保守的;守旧的to take the trouble to 不辞劳苦;费力to apply for 申请rephrase vt.重新措辞;改用别的话表示in hand 手头上有painful a.痛苦的；费力的at a disadvantage 处于不利地位inefficiency n.无效；效能差resume n.摘要;梗概；个人简历panel n.专门小组neat a.整洁的；简洁的；整齐的gravity n.严肃;认真；重要性；物重力convincing a.有说服力的;使人信服的galaxy n.天星系;G-银河系boundary n.分界线;边界implication n.含意;暗示；牵连;涉及;卷入constant a.永恒的;经久不变的；经常的n.常数companion n.同伴;同事；天伴星=～star neutron n.物中子launch vt.发射；使船下水n.发射;船下水dwarf n.矮子；天矮星twin a./n.双胞胎的Twins天双子座binary a.二;双；二进制的n.双体；联星speculation n.推测;猜测；投机basis n.基础;根据；主要成份；军事基地observer n.遵守者;奉行者；观察者;监视者interchangeable a.可交换的；可互换的daytime n.白天;日间observatory n.天文台；了望台collapse vt./vi./n.使倒塌;使崩溃；瓦解measurement n.衡量;测量explode vt.使爆炸vi.爆炸；突发supernova n.天超新星density n.密集度;稠密度；物化密度shrink vt./vi./n.收缩；缩小；退缩;畏缩marble n.弹子；大理石a.大理石的;大理石般的thrilling a.令人激动的；颤动的;震颤的Star of Bethlehem 圣诞星outer a.外部的mankind n.用作单或复人类Milky Way 银河；银河系=Milky Way galaxy Albert Einstein 爱因斯坦美籍德国理论物理学家operate v.运转;起作用；动手术；操作；经营to research into 研究microscopic a.显微镜的；微观的；微小的;细微的speculation about 关于…猜测concerned a.有关的；关切的;担心的largely ad.大量地；主要地astronaut n.宇航员unlikely a.未必可能的；靠不住的swallow vt.吞咽n.燕子solar a.太阳的;日光的；利用太阳光的glitter vi.闪闪发光;闪烁n.闪光whereas conj.而;却；反之revolve vi.旋转；绕转to swallow up 吞没;耗尽cloudless a.无云的;晴朗的lesser a.较小的；更少的；次要的planet n.行星White Dwarf 天白矮星to make use of 利用crowd n.群;人群vi.聚集;群集plateau n.复plateaus或plateaux高原as a rule 通常；一般说来weaken vt.削弱;减弱vi.变弱parliament n.议会;国会；P-议会whilst conj.=while当…时；然而；虽然;尽管above all 首先;首要debate vt./n.争论;辩论vi.对…进行争论;辩论injection n.注射；注射剂;针剂criterion n.标准;准则prosecute vt.对…起诉;告发euthanasia n.无痛楚的死亡；安乐死nationwide a.全国性的ad.在全国范围内deteriorate vt./vi.使恶化Dutch a.荷兰人的；荷兰语的n.荷兰人；荷兰语request vt./n.请求;要求a great many 很多lethal a.致死的tropical a.热带的；炎热的coloured a.有色的legal a.法律上的；合法的Dutchman n.复Dutchmen荷兰人religion n.宗教；宗教信仰circumstance n.pl.情况;环境；境遇ensure vt.保证;担保oppose vt.反对;反抗；使相对;使对抗to sensitive a.敏感的；灵敏的;感光的opt vi.抉择;选择for;在…之间选择to make request for 要求…council n.理事会；委员会healthcare n.保健burden n.负担；责任;义务vt.使负重担；麻烦tradition n.传统；惯例hospice n.晚期病人收容所moving a.活动的;移动的；动人的;令人感动的prohibition n.禁止；禁令be opposed to 反对elderly a.较老的;人过中年的n.近老年人consideration n.考虑；体谅;照顾disabled a.伤残的；使失去战斗力的shorten vt./vi.缩短;缩小；减少vulnerable a.易受伤的;弱小的；易受…攻击的paternalistic a.家长式统治的；家长作风的founder n.创始者；缔造者to be affected with 患有…疾病to take...into account 考虑到to debate on 关于…进行辩论need for 对…的需要individual n.个人;个体;独立单位a.个人的；个别的to open up 打开；开办;开辟;开发；坦诚地谈话conspiracy n.阴谋;密谋；阴谋集团;阴谋帮派appoint vt.任命;委任as；约定;指定The Netherlands 荷兰=HollandWilfred van Oijen 威尔弗雷德·范·奥仁人名unfair a.不公平的;不公正的entry n.进入；入口；登记;条目;账目privilege n.特权vt.给予…特权Cees van Wendel de Joode 齐思·范·万德尔·德·尤德人名to opt out of 决定不参加…;决定从…退出Andrew Ferguson 安德鲁·福格森人名merit n.优点;长处；功绩;功劳senior a.年长的；大学四年级的n.年长者graduate v.使大学毕业n.大学毕业生;研究生bias n.偏见v.常用被动语态有偏见private a.私人的；私营的；秘密的;私下的escalator n.自动扶梯to have...at heart 对某事十分关心headmaster n.中学或小学的校长Cicely Saunders 茜西莉·桑德斯人名employment n.使用；雇佣；职业;工作profession n.职业尤指脑力劳动或受过专业训练的network n.纺网眼织物；网状物;网络leading a.领导的;指引的；最重要的;主要的publish vt.出版;刊印；公布;发表old-boy n.老同学；招呼用老朋友;老弟;老兄prime a.最初的;基本的；主要的；最好的fiercely ad.凶猛地;凶残地；猛烈地on average 平均vision n.想像力;幻觉；视力;视觉；眼光elitist n.杰出人物a.杰出人物统治论的ivy n.常青藤applicant n.申请人;请求者to blame...for 为…责备某人remedial a.治疗的;治疗上用的；补救的elite n.精英;杰出人物a.杰出的;精英的excellence n.优秀;杰出classless a.无阶级的；不属于任何阶级的to amount to 达到;总计；相当于;等于by nature 生来;天生;就其本性而言competitive a.竞争的;比赛的academic a.学院的;学会的；学术的equivalent a.相等的；等价的n.等价物；对应词additional a.附加的;追加的；另外的be worth doing 值得做…abolish vt.废除法律;习惯等；取消entrance n.进入；入口;门口；入场;入会;入学performance n.执行；表现;工作性能；演出;演奏recruit vt./vi.征募新兵;吸收；补充n.新成员replicate vt.重复；复制accessible a.易接近的；易受影响的to；可理解的Clare Bolderson 克莱尔·博尔德森人名folk n.人们；口家属;亲属a.民间的Don Claxton 唐·克莱克斯顿人名punishment n.处罚;罚;刑罚；折磨;损害disaffection n.不满inhumane a.不人道的;残忍的civil a.国民的;民用的；国内的;民间的union n.工会;协会；结合;联合distinct a.与其他不同的;独特的；明显的musician n.音乐家；作曲家rock'n'roll n.摇滚乐;摇滚舞musically ad.在音乐方面；好听地；悦耳地blues n.布鲁斯；慢四步舞liberty n.自由;自由权；冒昧;失礼；特许权;特权rhythmic a.有韵律的；有节奏的transformation n.变化;转化；改造;改革Alvin Bronstein 阿尔文·布朗斯坦人名Alabama 阿拉巴马美国州名to call up 打电话；使想起;使忆起to watch over 看守;照管;监视argument n.争论;辩论；论据;理由Huntsville 亨茨维尔城市名;位于阿拉巴马州北部Georgia 佐治亚美国州名Arkansas 阿肯色美国州名in unison 完全一致地deny vt.否定;否认；拒绝接受;拒绝给予toilet n.盥洗室；厕所eyewitness n.目击者；见证人United Kingdom 联合王国weed n.杂草;野草vt.除草;拔草ditch n.沟;沟渠vt./vi.开渠；筑渠circus n.马戏团;杂技团；马戏场;杂技场interstate a.主美州际的unison n.一致；协调gap n.裂口;裂缝racial a.种族的racist n.种族主义者a.种族主义的；种族歧视的shackle n.常pl.镣铐；pl.束缚;枷锁Singapore 新加坡岛；新加坡；新加坡市spokesman n.发言人；代言人plantation n.种植园;大农场；植树造林BBC 英国广播公司correspondent n.对应物；新闻通讯员;记者;通信者gang n.一队;一族；一群;一帮The Philippines 菲律宾国；菲律宾群岛re-introduction n.重新采用;重新引入Lydia Garcia 莉迪亚·加西亚人名Kumari 库马里人名Sri Lanka 斯里兰卡degrade vt.降级;贬低；堕落；退化concession n.让步；特许权；租界;租界地immigration n.移居；外来的移民to convict...of 证明…有罪;宣判…有罪breadwinner n.养家糊口的人to bring over 把…带来；使转变be deserving of 值得；应得be supposed to 应该shelf n.壁橱;书橱内搁板；架子deserving a.应得的;值得的ofimmigrant a.移民的;侨民的n.移民;侨民kingdom n.王国；领域Filipino n.菲律宾人语a.菲律宾人的；菲律宾的convict vt.证明…有罪of；宣判n.罪犯execute vt.实行;执行;完成;贯彻；将…处死foreigner n.外国人Saudi n.沙特阿拉伯人a.沙特阿拉伯人或语的leaflet n.小叶;嫩叶；传单;活页maid n.少女；侍女;女仆incidence n.影响程度;影响范围；发生率despite prep.尽管;任凭deport vt.驱逐出境employee n.雇员;雇工status n.情形;状况；地位;身份minimum n.最小量；最低限度a.最小的；最低的guilt n.有罪；内疚Stanford 美国斯坦福大学Walter Ellis 沃尔特·埃利斯人名Oxford 牛津；牛津大学passport n.护照Oxbridge 牛津大学和剑桥大学；该校之学生Harvard 美国哈佛大学Cambridge 剑桥；剑桥大学domestic adj.家庭的;家务的；国内的n.家仆;佣人sexually ad.在性方面Briton n.大不列颠人；英国人abuse vt./n.滥用;妄用；虐待;凌辱John Rae 约翰·雷人名diplomat a.外交家；外交官statistics n.统计数字;统计资料；用作单统计学exploit vt.开发;开采；利用；剥削abroad ad.到国外；在国外Princeton 美国普林斯顿大学lvy League 常春藤联合会；名牌大学的Yale 美国耶鲁大学campaign n.战役；运动v.参加运动;参加竞选活动Berkeley 伯克利；加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校Westminster 威斯敏斯特France 法兰西;法国John Major 约翰·梅杰前英国首相slavery n.奴隶制度;奴役；奴隶身份eclecticism n.折衷主义imitator n.模仿者guitar n.六弦琴;吉他jazz n.爵士乐Negro n.黑人a.黑人的amplifier n.放大器electronics n.复用作单电子学electronic a.电子的youthful a.反战的readily ad.乐意地；很快地;容易地sentiment n.感情;情绪；感伤lighting n.照明;照明设备studio n.工作室；播音室;演播室；电影制片厂originate vi./vt.发源；发生;发起synthesis n.结合;合成consciousness n.意识;知觉；觉悟instrument n.仪器；乐器passive a.被动的；消极的participant n.参加者a.参与的limitless a.无限制的;无限的ballroom n.舞厅spontaneous a.自发的;本能的;自动的；出自自然的penetrating a.穿透的;贯穿的；深刻的;透彻的thereby ad.由此;从而multimedia a.多种手段的；多媒体的n.多媒体to take on 具有；担任工作等；雇佣thematic a.题目的;主题的；主旋律的symphony n.交响曲;交响乐；交响乐队;交响音乐会fruitful a.有成果的;有收获的Bob Dylan 鲍伯·狄伦traditionalist n.传统主义者；因循守旧者painstaking a.苦干的；费力的to take over 接管;接任；把…从一处运到另一处invariably ad.不变地San Francisco 旧金山或称三藩市inspire vt.鼓舞；使产生灵感creative a.创造性的Beatle the Beatles披头士摇滚乐队preliminary a.预备的；初步的n.初试；预赛conception n.概念;观念improvise vt.即兴创作；临时准备;临时凑成output n.产量；输出Jefferson Airplane 杰弗逊飞机美国摇滚乐队名handle n.柄;把手vt.运用;操纵；经营;管理notebook n.笔记本composer n.作曲家theme n.题目;主题；主旋律to take place 发生well-established a.固定下来的；得到确认的constructive a.建设的;建设性的conventional a.惯例的;常规的；艺术等因袭的at a stretch 连续不断地for the sake of 为了…之好处；为了…的目的diversified a.多样化的sonority n.响亮;洪亮in advance 在前面；预先to serve as 适合Palestrina 帕莱斯特里纳意大利作曲家temper vt.治使回火;锻炼；调合clavichord n.音击弦古钢琴in a sense 在某种意义上Hugo Wolf 沃尔夫奥地利作曲家experimental a.实验的；经验的sake n.缘故summarize vt./vi.概述;总结to belong in 应归入类别、范畴等Franz Schubert 舒伯特奥地利作曲家in other words 换句话说Beethoven 贝多芬德国作曲家completeness n.完整;圆满；完成;结束well-tempered 脾气好的；键盘乐器调到平均律的It goes without saying that 不言而喻;理所当然evident a.明显的;明白的mold n.=mould模子；模型vt.用模子做;浇铸harmony n.协调;和谐；融洽;一致automotive a.自动的;机动的；汽车的increasingly ad.不断增加地calculator n.计算者；计算器reduction n.减少;减小；降级;降职；归纳;归并frame n.构架;框架expose vt.使暴露;使面临；揭露;揭发appliance n.应用;适用；用具;器械Edgar Varese 瓦雷兹法裔美国作曲家Debussy 德彪西法国作曲家Moussorgsky 穆索尔斯基俄国作曲家robotics n.机器人学;机器人技术robot n.机器人；自动控制装置spray n.水花；喷雾vt.喷；喷涂vi.喷；溅散efficiency n.效率；功效;效能;实力prevalent a.流行的;普通的cast vt.投;扔；投射；铸造n.投;掷；模具weld vt./n.焊接radiation n.放射;发光；放射物;辐射线;辐射能personnel n.全体人员;全体职员；人事部门Well Tempered Clavichord 巴赫平均律钢琴曲集Gesualdo 杰苏阿尔多意大利作曲家Bach 巴赫德国作曲家radioactive a.原放射性的；放射引起的install vt.安装Berlioz 柏辽兹法国作曲家;指挥家及音乐评论家in between 在中间；每间隔；在…期间shade n.荫;阴影vt.遮蔽;遮光fireman n.消防队员light-sensitive a.光敏的in question 正被谈论的critical a.批评性的；紧要的;关键性的; 危急的digital a.手指的;指状的；数字的;计数的housekeeper n.管理家务的主妇；女管家plenty of 大量的；丰富的specific a.特有的;特定的；具体的;明确的to expose to 暴露；面临；曝露brightness n.明亮;晴朗；聪敏;机灵automatic a.自动的；无意识的;机械的grayscale 灰度attendant n.侍者;服务员；出席者assemble vt.集合；装配vi.集合calculation n.计算;计算结果；仔细考虑camera n.照相机;摄影机reprogramme v.再次重新设定程序in that 在于;原因是scale n.刻度;表度；规模；比例尺；天平switch n.开关;转换器v.转换；接通或切断…电流defective a.有缺点的；有缺陷的intensity n.强烈;剧烈completion n.完成;结束；完满reliability n.可靠性forecast vt.预测;预报；预示speculate vi.思索；推测vt.投机；思索;推测radon n.氡fault n.缺点;毛病；错误;过失；地断层subside vi.沉淀；沉降；平静下来;平息;减退arthquake n.地震on the alert 警戒;处于戒备状态seismic a.地震precede vt.先于…;比…优先vi.在前面;领先giant n.巨人；巨物;巨大的动物a.巨大的to set up 设立;建立；建立;提出Guatemala 危地马拉radium n.镭datum n.复data资料;材料；数据Chile 智利up-to-date a.最新的;现代化的；直至目前的earning n.警告；警报a.警告的eastern a.东方的;东部的；向东方的;来自东方的to work on 从事…；对…有影响partial a.偏袒的;偏心的;对…偏袒；部分的underground a.地下的；秘密的ad.在地下；隐蔽地shift vt./vi.替换；转移n.转换;转移；轮班decay vi./vt.使腐朽;腐烂；衰变n.腐烂；衰败analyze vt.分析occupation n.占领；占有；职业satisfaction n.满意;满足recognition n.认出；承认;公认positive a.确实的；积极的;肯定的；正的;阳性的Garm 加尔姆俄国城市underlie vt.支撑；构成理论;政策;行为等的基础stressful a.紧张的;压力重的renewal n.更新；重新开始impart vt.把…分给；给予toattach vt.固定住;系；附加;隶属；使喜爱Charles Richter 查尔斯·里克特leadership n.领导；总称领导人员Haicheng 海城中国辽宁省城市urban a.城市的;都市的research n.研究;调查vi.调查;研究loom vi.隐隐呈现；逼近portray vt.描绘；描写；描述possession n.有;拥有；常pl.占有物；财产relaxation n.松弛;放松；缓和;减轻；休养California 加利福尼亚美国州名San Andreas fault 美圣安德烈亚斯断层relevant a.贴切的;中肯的；与…有关的todesirable a.称心的;合意的;理想的acquire vt.获得;得到motivate vt.作为…的动机;激发overestimate vt.过高估计；过高评价elusive a.躲避的；难以捉摸的;难以理解的wayside n.路边a.路边的be concerned with 关于;涉及；忙于…；关心;关切oversupply vt./n.过多供应tricky a.狡猾的;耍花招的；难以处理的adjustment n.调整flexible a.柔韧的;柔顺的；可变通的;灵活的attainment n.达到;到达；常pl.成就;造诣slip vi.滑动;滑过；溜;溜走vt.使滑动realistic a.现实的;实际的；现实主义的underestimate vt.低估；看轻weekly a.每周的ad.每周一次n.周刊;周报to put...to use 使用；利用to attach importance to 认为…很重要participation n.参加;参与to take to 开始从事；养成…的习惯；培养对…的爱好project n.设计;规划；项目vt.方案;计划；投射be relevant to 与…有关quicksand n.流沙readjustment n.再整理;再调整on the part of 就…而言appointment n.任命；约会communicator n.传播者;传播工作者to set...as objective 把…作为目标to hang up 把…挂起来；挂断电话；延迟;拖延lag vi.走得慢;落后n.落后;滞后freshman n.新手;生手；大学一年级学生to look ahead to 向前看；展望未来routine n.日常工作a.日常的；例行的；常规的deem vt.认为;相信jet n.喷射；喷嘴；喷气式飞机;喷气发动机inflexible a.不可弯曲的；不可改变的;固执的flight n.飞行;飞翔；航班;班机；逃跑;溃退physiological a.生理的;生理学的kid vt./vi./n.戏弄;开玩笑；欺骗;哄骗up to date 最新的;新式的；切合目前情况的to allocate...for 分配给…；配给regulatory a.规章的；调节的assignment n.分配;委派；任务;课外作业crash a.紧急的;速成的to fall by the wayside 半途而废;中途退出to work out 作出；制定出to kid...into doing 欺骗…去做…temptation n.引诱;诱惑faithfully ad.忠诚地；如实地to throw off 扔掉；摆脱adjust vt.调整;调节；校准to stick with 坚持；继续emergency n.紧急情况；突发事件reset vt./n.重新安排;重调sweat n.汗vi.出汗vt.使出汗regulate vt./n.管理；调节external a.外在的;在外的discrepancy n.差异；不一致internal a.内部的;内在的；国内的periodicity n.周期性;间发性excretion n.排泄；分泌hormonal a.荷尔蒙的;激素的palm n.手掌instantaneously ad.瞬间地；即刻地rhythm n.韵律;格律；节奏transport vt.运输n.运输mechanism n.机机构;机制；作用过程timer n.计时员;定时器destination n.目的地;终点timing n.时间的选择；计时;定时secretary n.秘书；书记；部长;大臣cortisol n.生皮质甾醇alarm n.警报；惊恐vt.向…报警；打扰suprachiasmatic a.超染色体交叉的negotiation n.谈判;协商bodily a.身体的;肉体的proceeding n.程序;进程；项目;活动;会议文集overcome vt.战胜；克服Vichy 维希法国中部城市expectation n.期待；估计寿命unlovable a.不可爱的；不讨人喜爱的resistance to 对…的阻力upwards ad.向上；趋向上升Sweden 瑞典to approximate to 与…接近wealthy a.富裕的；丰富的infant n.婴儿;幼儿a.婴儿的;幼儿的lovable a.可爱的;讨人喜欢的esteem vt./n.尊敬;尊重Austria 奥地利parenting n.父母对孩子的养育Northern 北爱尔兰revision n.修订;修改to the fore 在前面;到前面；在显著地位manageable a.易管理的slippery a.滑的；圆滑的lengthen vt.使延长vi.变长;延伸neglect vt.忽视;忽略；疏忽n.忽略；疏忽cope vi.对付;妥善处理withcontinued a.继续的;连续的demographer n.人口学家tone n.音调;音色；腔调;语气；声调;语调Wales 威尔士acknowledge vt.承认；表示感谢paradox n.似非而可能是的论点；自相矛盾的话classify vt.把…分类;把…分等级；把…列为proportion n.比率;比例vt.使成比例;使相称to fall apart 四分五裂；崩溃experiential a.经验的；凭经验的resettlement n.重新定居;重新安置appreciation n.欣赏;鉴赏；正确评价；感激;感谢salient a.突出的;凸起的；显著的birthrate n.出生率liability n.责任;义务；债务;负债；不利条件alter vt./vi.改变;改动dependency n.从属；依赖ongathering n.聚集；集会advantageous a.有利的;有助的inactive a.不活动的；不活跃的be true of 符合于…;对…适用to date 到目前为止fore ad.在前面a.先前的；在前部的n.前部aged a.年老的;老的elsewhere ad.在别处；向别处northwestern a.在西北的;向西北的；来自西北的approximate a.近似的;大约的v.近似;接近；使接近demography n.人口统计学to attend to 专心；注意；照顾pharmacological a.药物学的;药理学的as fresh as paint 精神饱满John Foster Dulles 杜勒斯美国国务卿now that 连词既然;由于to leave...alone 不管;不理；听其自然assumption n.假定;设想；承担;采取to advantage 有利地;有效地fluctuation n.波动;起伏promote vt.促进;发扬；提升;升级；发起;创办mid-afternoon a.下午三点左右的feasible a.可行的;可能的span n.指距;跨距；一段时间neutral a.中立的；中性的White House 白宫美国总统官邸;美国政府in time 及时；终于Guam 关岛美国在西太平洋的重要海、空军基地synchronize vi.同时发生;同步vt.使同步Washington D.C. 华盛顿市美国首都effect on 对…的作用wakefulness n.觉醒;不眠Aswan Dam 阿斯旺水坝Johnson 约翰逊美国第36任总统fluctuate vi.波动;起伏；动摇vt.使波动;使起伏out of step 步伐不一致；不协调to blame...on 把…归咎于focal n.焦点的contrary a.相反的;相对的;与…相反toillusion n.错觉；幻觉illustration n.说明；例证;插图infrequent a.很少发生的inefficient a.无效的；效率低的mislead vt.把…带错路;使…错或做错distraction n.精神涣散;精神不集中；消遣;娱乐retention n.保持；保留finance n.财政;金融；经费;资金distract vt.分散注意;心思等；使人分心appreciate vt.欣赏;鉴赏；正确评价;鉴别；感激duration n.持续；持续时间trick n.诡计；恶作剧moderate a.中等的;适度的；温和的;有节制的hinder vt.阻止；妨碍fromexceptional a.例外的；异常的;特殊的distractor n.分散注意力的东西motivation n.动机；动力remedy n.治疗；补救法vt.治疗;补救adversely ad.相反地；不利地;有害地typical a.典型的;代表性的fade vi.凋谢;枯萎；颜色褪去vt.使褪色productivity n.生产率；丰饶;多产fearful a.可怕的;吓人的；害怕的;胆怯的monopoly n.垄断；专卖statistically ad.在统计方面to break up 打碎；结束；驱散；散开；分解foolproof a.连傻子都懂的；不会出毛病的overturn vt./n.打翻；推翻;颠覆;毁灭vi.翻身in the running 参赛;参加竞选automatically ad.自动地；习惯性地competitor n.竞争者；对手temporarily ad.暂时地;临时地monopolize v.垄断；专卖transfer vt./vi.转移；改变n.转移;传输;变换moderation n.温和;适度；缓和;减轻to carry on 经营;进行；继续to come into power 上台；开始掌权majority n.多数;大半；多数党;多数派opposition n.反对;反抗；对立;意见相反dominant a.占优势的；支配的peaceful a.平静的;安宁的；和平的;和平方式的running n.跑;赛跑；竞选out of power 丧失权力anaesthetics n.麻醉学in favour of 赞成;支持；为…的利益;有利于in power 掌权的;执政的inevitable a.不可避免的;必然发生的legislation n.立法；法律;法规rivalry n.竞争；对抗inevitably ad.不可避免地;必然地impact on 对…之影响James Carville 詹姆斯·卡维尔congressman n.复congressmen 美国会议员George McGovern 乔治·麦戈文Ohio 俄亥俄州美国州名assault n.攻击;袭击；军冲击;突击;强击Warren Harding 沃伦·哈定George Bush 乔治·布什collectively ad.总体地；集体地nominate vt.提名；任命；命名Jimmy Carter 吉米·卡特Ross Perot 罗斯·佩罗George Wallace 乔治·华莱士parliamentary a.议会的;国会的Clinton 比尔·克林顿Bill Clintonelectorate n.全体选民；选区Ronald Reagan 罗纳德·里根Little Rock 小石城美国阿肯色州首府dominance n.优势;控制;统治contest n.竞争;比赛；争夺;竞争；争论;争辩John Anderson 约翰·安德森District of Columbia 美D.C.哥伦比亚特区dozen n.一打;十二个；十来个;十几个poll n.选举；民意测验vt.得到选票vi.投票electoral a.选举的to identify...as 把…看成impact n.冲击;碰撞；影响vt.装紧;压紧decline vi.下降；衰退vt.拒绝n.下降；衰落provision n.供应;供应品；条款;规定；给养rating n.等级;规格；电视收视率voter n.选举人;投票人constitutional a.宪法上规定的；组成的;构成的representative n.代表;代表人a.典型的;有代表性的presidency n.总统或校长职务职权;任期；管辖headquarters n.司令部;指挥部；总部;总店pursue vt.追赶；追求;寻求；进行;从事congress n.国会;议会；参议院;上院strategically ad.战略上地;颇具策略地House n.英议院stir vt.搅拌；激起vi.走动；活动n.惊动strategy n.战略；策略district n.区;行政区；地区;区域strategist n.战略家economy n.经济；节约overwhelming a.压倒之势的democrat n.民主主义者;民主人士；民主党党员representation n.描写;表现；代表;代理to stand no chance 没有可能；没有希望vote n.选举;投票；票;选票vi.投票;选举withdraw vt.收回;提取；撤退vi.撤退；退缩reinforcement n.增强;加固；强化loyalty n.忠诚；忠心to take advantage of 利用；占…便宜crisis n.危机；决定性时刻tangible a.可触摸的;可感知的；确实的;真实的fold vt./vi.折叠；对折n.褶痕republican a.共和国的；共和党的n.共和党党员outcome n.结果;结局；出路;出口to cope with 对付；处理election n.选举；选举权no other...than 除…外没有;只有；正是;就是worthless a.无价值的;无用的；不足道的;不可取的appropriate a.适合的;恰当的;相宜的to act out 将…表演出来；用行动表示出来inconsiderate a.不替别人考虑的；不体谅人的nomination n.提名；任命attribute n.属性;特征；vt.把…归因与to presidential a.总统校长的；总统校长职务的democratic a.民主的;民主主义的nominee n.被提名者；被任命者ultimately ad.最后;最终地certainty n.一定；必定winner n.获胜者;优胜者；成功者misleading a.引入歧途的；使人误解的dose n.一次剂量thalidomide n.药萨立多胺cell n.细胞；小房间;单人牢房replace vt.把…放回原处；更换;以…替代tube n.管；电子管;真空管；英地铁suitable a.合适的；适当的irresponsible a.无责任感的;不负责任的vaccine n.牛痘苗；疫苗a.牛痘的；疫苗的replacement n.复位;复职；替换;代替eventual a.最后的;结局的irrelevant a.不相干的;离题的;与…不相干developmental a.发展的;开发的；促使成长的partly ad.部分地；在一定程度上rabbit n.兔biomedical a.生物医学的refinement n.精炼;精制unethical a.不合伦理的；不合道德的disorder n.混乱；失调;紊乱vt.使混乱；使失调simulate vt.假装;冒充；模仿;模拟ethics n.伦理学；伦理观;道德标准toxicity n.毒性polio n.医脊髓灰质炎;小儿麻痹症undergo vt.经历;经受；忍受diabetes n.糖尿病reproduce vt.繁殖；再生产；复制；再现;重现be central to 对…极为重要的to do experiment on 用…做实验to aim for 瞄准；以…为目标David Morton 大卫·莫顿人名to sacrifice to 向…献祭；为…而牺牲；为…而失去to test on 对…进行试验Colin Blackmore 科林·布莱克默人名Birmingham 伯明翰英格兰中部城市be irrelevant to 与…不相干；不切题humanity n.个性;博爱;仁慈；人类negative a.否定的；负的;阴性的n.底片；负数refine vt./vi.提纯;精制；使改进;变优雅literal a.精确的;如实的；逐字的;字面的going n.进行状况a.进行中的；现行的regeneration n.新生;再生;复兴remark vt./vi.说;评论;议论n.评论;看法delightful a.令人高兴的；讨人喜欢的pet n.宠物;爱畜a.宠爱的;表示亲昵的to do research into 进行…的研究paralyse vt.使麻痹;使瘫痪；使无力;使气馁regrow vt.再生长;重新生长coming a.正在到来的;即将来到的n.来到;到达litter n.干草；杂乱无章；一窝仔畜vt.铺草touching a.动人的;使人感伤的prevail vi.胜过；流行;盛行unreasonable a.不讲道理的；不合情理的;过度的individualistic a.个人主义者的contemplate vt.注视;凝视；沉思afflict vt.使苦恼;折磨starve vi.饿死；挨饿；极需;渴望vt.使挨饿grant vt.同意；准予n.同意;授予；拨款imperative a.绝对必要的；命令的;强制的；祈使的sustain vt.支撑;承受住；供养;维持stricken a.被打中的;被击伤的；受灾的;受侵袭的to bring out 使显现;显示；生产;使产生to take...for granted 认为真实；视为当然to attach...to 使…与…相关;把…附加到deficiency n.缺乏;不足relief n.痛苦;压迫等减轻;宽慰；救济deprive vt.夺去;剥夺；使失去ofownership n.拥有；所有权;所有制plea n.请求;恳求；托词contented a.满足的;满意的donation n.捐献；赠送goings and comings 来往；活动;发生的事kwashiorkor n.医恶性营养不良症serene a.安详的；宁静的starvation n.饥饿；饿死devotion n.献身;忠诚to break in on upon 打扰；打断;闯进spur vt.激励;鞭策n.踢马刺；刺激;激励;鼓舞confront vt.面对;遭遇；正视;对抗at ease 自在的;舒适的sensitivity n.敏感性；灵敏度maladjustment n.失调；不适应环境waylay vt.伏击；拦住…问讯intellectual n.知识分子a.智力的;理智的inner a.内部的;里面的；思想的n.内部；里面compensatory a.赔偿的;补偿的not never for a moment 通常；多半not that... 并不是说initial a.最初的;开始的；词首的n.首字母to seize hold of 抓住；占有daydream vi./n.白日做梦habitual a.习惯性的;习以为常的；惯常的inventor n.发明者;创造者detail n.细节;详情vt.详述;详细说明to feel bitter at 对…怀恨to plea for 恳求；请求muse vt./vi./n.沉思;冥想enhance vt.提高；增强equilibrium n.平衡;均衡;相称；均势；平静symptom n.症状;征兆painter n.漆工；画家to substitute...for 用…代替…to put off 延期；消除trace n.痕迹;踪迹；微量;少许vt.跟踪;查找well-being n.健康；福利;幸福dreamlike a.梦一般的;梦幻的to let go of 放手；放开effortless a.不作努力的；不费力的;容易的excitement n.刺激；兴奋investment n.投资；时间;精力的投入。
2021考研英语真题必须背诵的十六篇经典文章
2021木哥考研英语真题必背十六篇文章木哥为大家把需要背诵的考研真题阅读删选出来,接下来就是你们自己去努力背诵的时候了,还是用木哥之前教你们的方法去背,必须脱口而出,哪怕是1000遍!大家背诵之前先把文章翻译一遍，然后再去背诵！对于一些同学不要求全部背诵，起码背诵一半下来！木哥考研英语真题背诵第一篇(2004-text1)For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept -- what you think you want to do -- then broaden it. “None of these programs do that,” says another expert. “There’s no career counseling implicit in all of this.”Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again. “I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a database that might interest me,” says the author of a job-searching guide.Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. When CareerSite’s agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs -- those it considers the best matches. There may be more matches in the database; job hunters will have to visit the site again to find them -- and they do. “On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in our traffic,” says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for CareerSite.木哥考研英语真题背诵第二篇(2004-text2)Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phonedirectories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoëuml Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush’s predecessors (including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chrétien and Koizumi). The world’s three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japane se characters. As are the world’s five richest men (Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht).木哥考研英语真题背诵第三篇(2005-text2)Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn’t know for sure? That the evidence was inconclusive, the science uncertain? That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way? Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over three decades, some 10 million smokers went to early graves.There are upsetting parallels today, as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming. The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earth’s atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made. The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves. The president of the National Academy, Bruce Alberts, added this key point in the preface to the panel’s report: “Science never has all the answers. But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that out nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.”Fortunately, the White House is starting to pay attention. But it’s obvious that a majority of the president’s advisers still don’t take global warming seriously. Instead of a plan of action, they continue to press for more research -- a classic case of “paralysis by analysis”.To serve as responsible stewards of the planet, we must press forward on deeper atmospheric and oceanic research. But research alone is inadequate. If the Administration wo n’t take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures. A bill by DemocraticSenator Robert Byrd of West Virginia, which would offer financial incentives for private industry, is a promising start. Many see that the country is getting ready to build lots of new power plants to meet our energy needs. If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.木哥考研英语真题背诵第四篇(2005-text4)Blaming the permissive 1960s is nothing new, but this is not yet another criticism against the decline in education. Mr. McWhorter’s academic speciality is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of “whom,” for example, to be natural and no more regrett able than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.But the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing our own thing,” has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing over speaking, spontaneity over craft.Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers. Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical education reforms -- he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful. We now take our English “on paper plates instead of china.” A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one.木哥考研英语真题背诵第五篇(2006-text2)The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny totheir revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC’s actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. It’s all deliciously ironic when youconsider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (witha beard) and did his share of noise-making.木哥考研英语真题背诵第六篇(2006-text3)When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, somethingstrange happened to the large animals. They suddenly became extinct.Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans.Dr. Worm acknowledges that the figures are conservative. One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today’s vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. In the early days, too, longlines would have been more saturated with fish. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past. Furthermore, in the early days of longline fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around now.木哥考研英语真题背诵第七篇(2007-text3)During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realities. Now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months.From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders. The financial fallout has begun, and the political fallout may not be far behind.木哥考研英语真题背诵第八篇(2007-text4)Several massive leakages of customer and employee data this year—from organizations as diverse as Time Warner, the American defense contractor Science Applications International Corp and even the University of California, Berkeley—have left managers hurriedly peering into their intricate IT systems and business processes in search of potential vulnerabilities.木哥考研英语真题背诵第九篇(2008-text1)Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determined to finish college. “I struggled a lot t o get the college degree. I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to school, and get ahead and do better.” Later, her marriage ended and she became a single mother. “It’s the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. I lived from paycheck to paycheck.”Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez describes. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feelin g the strain. Alvarez’s experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.木哥考研英语真题背诵第十篇(2008-text2)The value of knowledge and the return on the public investment in research depends, in part, upon wide distribution and ready access. It is big business, in America, the core scientific publishing market is estimated at between $7 billion and $11 billion. The InternationalAssociation of Scientific Technical and Medical Publishers says that there are more than 2,000 publishers worldwide specializing in these subjects. They publish more than 1.2 million articles each year in some 16,000 journals.This is now changing. According to the OECD report, some 75% of scholarly journals are now online. Entirely new business models are emerging; three main ones were identified by the report’s authors. There is the so-called big deal, where institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements. There is open-access publishing, typically supported by asking the author (or his employer) to pay for the paper to be published. Finally, there are open-access archives, where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories. Other models exist that are hybrids of these three, such as delayed open-access, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it. All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process, at least for the publication of papers.木哥考研英语真题背诵第十一篇(2009-text1)So it seems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.But don’t bother trying to kill off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the brain, they’re there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads.“The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,” says Dawna Markova, author of “The Open Mind” and an executive change consultant for Professional Thinking Partners. “But we are taught i nstead to ‘decide,’ just as our president calls himself ‘the Decider.’” She adds, however, that “to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.”All of us work through prob lems in ways of which we’re unaware, she says. Researchers in the late 1960 covered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively. At puberty,however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.木哥考研英语真题背诵第十二篇(2009-text4)The most thoroughly studied in the history of the new world are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England. According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial America was “So much important attached to intellectual pursuits ” According to many books and articles, New England’s leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life.To take this approach to the New Englanders normally mean to start with the Puritan s’ theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church-important subjects that we may not neglect. But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture adjusting to New world circumstances. The New England colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity.The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England. Besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to Massachusetts church in the decade after 1629,There were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentleman, lawyer, and official of the Crown before he journeyed to Boston. There men wrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old World audiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness.The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market. The Federal circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court's judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should "reconsider" its state street Bank ruling.Bankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles in public. Behind the scenes, they have been taking aim at someone else: the accounting standard-setters. Their rules, moan the banks, have forced them to report enormous losses, and it's just not fair. These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay, not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch.It was banks that were on the wrong planet, with accounts that vastly overvalued assets. Today they argue that market prices overstate losses, because they largely reflect the temporary illiquidity of markets, not the likely extent of bad debts. The truth will not be known for years. But bank's shares trade below their book value, suggesting that investors are skeptical. And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks which will not sell assets for fear of booking losses, yet are reluctant to buy all those supposed bargains.木哥考研英语真题背诵第十五篇(2011-text2)As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold, deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net. In the third quarter, CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had, according to Liberum Research. As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional. For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached. Says Korn/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey:”I can’t think of a single search I’ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.”Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one. “The traditional rule was it’s safer to stay where you are, but that’s been fundamentally inverted,” says one headhunter. “The people who’ve been hurt the worst are those who’ve stayed too long.”木哥考研英语真题背诵第十六篇(2011-text3)。
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2.作文分三部分写，第一部分为：出入大学的感受；第二部分为：简述大学生活的日常；第三部分为：结束语。
3.字数不少于80字。
Unit 2 Homework（作业）
返回上一级
详情：
1.熟记Reading Passage A的单词及词组
2.完成课件第七十二页Task4练习并翻译
3.完成课件第八十六页Task11翻译练习并加以背诵。
4.将课本的Reading2 Success through Sharing作为阅读材料，然后完成课后的相关练习。
5.作文：
题目：My Favorite Social Media (我最喜欢的社交媒体)
要求：1.以Reading Passage A内容为例，尽量用所学的单词或词组写作；
Unit 1 Homework（作业）
返回上一级
详情：
1.熟记Reading Passage A的单词及词组
2.完成课本第九页Task4练习并翻译
3.完成课本第十四页Task11翻译练习并加以背诵。
4.将课本第二十页的Reading2作为阅读材料，然后完成22-25页的相关练习。
5.作文：
题目：My College Life As a Freshman (大一新生的大学生活)
2.作文分三部分写，第一部分为：简要说明餐桌礼节是中国文化中的重要部分；第二部分为：具体介绍中国的餐桌礼节；第三部分为：结束语。
3.字数不少于80字。
3.完成PPT第80页Task11翻译练习并加以背诵。
4.将第二部分PPT第6页的Reading2作为阅读材料，然后完成PPT第41-49页的相关练习。
5.作文：
题目：Table manners in Chinese culture(中国文化的餐桌礼节)
要求：1.以Reading Passage A内容为例，尽量用所学的单词或词组写作；
2.作文分三部分写，第一部分为：自己经常使用的社交媒体及使用频率；第二部分为：简述使用社交媒体所浏览和分享的内容；第三部分为：使用社交媒体的感受和结束语。
3.字数不少于80字。
Unit 3 Homework（作ing Passage A的单词及词组
2.完成PPT第68页Task4练习并翻译