计划生育政策中英文翻译

描述中国计划生育现状，包括之前的政策和现在的二胎政策

计划生育政策是对中国影响最大的公共政策之一，作为我国的一项基本国策,我们可以选择上述理论进行政策分析。首先是人口增长过快的问题提出，从马寅初50年代发表“新人口论”开始进行讨论，由于国家领导人对当时的基本国情判断不明，“新人口论”的观点没有被接受，马寅初先生也受到严厉批判；60年代人口高峰出现后，人口增长太快的问题，开始得到中央领导的重视，实行计划生育作为解决问题的办法和对策，逐渐摆上国家的议事日程。从20世纪70年代初提倡计划生育，到1982年党的十二大将计划生育确定为我国的一项基本国策，全国范围内普遍实行城乡有别的鼓励一胎、严格二胎的生育政策，最终确定并延续至今的生育政策，其后三十年只是对某些方面进行微调。计划生育现行政策一直实行到今天，基本格局未变，还于2002年实施了《中华人民共和国人口与计划生育法》，这可视作政策上升为国家法律的新阶段。进入21世纪以后，中国已经是世界上人口增长率较低的国家之一。“如今，我国已经出现了严重的‘少子化’，如果一对夫妇只生育一个孩子，年轻的人口结构和人均寿命的快速延长也会造成人口增长，但这种增加不会持续太久，当最老一代死去，421家庭就会从7人剧减至3人，减少57%！”他担心，“少子”、“单子”很可能引起很多问题，“比如中途一个孩子因出现事故、自杀、或是致命性疾病导致夭折的，单亲家庭就变成了丁克家庭。”

The family planning policy is one of the most influential public policies in China. As a basic national policy of China, we really benefit from it. Scholar Ma Yinchu proposed the "new population theory" to start the discussion in the 1950s.Due to the leader’s miscarriage of justiceof the basic national conditions ,the"new population theory" was not accepted. Mr. Ma has also been severely criticized.In the 1960s after the population peaked, the fastpopulation growth began to get the attention of the central leadership.The family planning policy as the way of solving the problem and countermeasures had been gradually put on the national agenda. From the beginning of the seventies of the 20th century ,the government started to advocate family planning.Utill1982, the govermentdeterminedfamily planningas a basic national policy

of our country.A childwas encouraged in one family commonlynationwide and strict child birth policy was put out,which finally determined the family planning policy.

However,after entering the twenty-first Century, China has been one of the countries with a low population growth rate in the world.There are also other hidden troubles.Forinstance,if a couple only haveone child, young population structure and the average life expectancy of the rapid extension can also cause the population growth.But this increase will not last too long.When the old generation die, familiynumbers will sharply reduce.Also if a child dies due to accident, there are no one to provide for the aged.So some places open two child policy now.