人教版高中英语必修4unit3课文知识点详解

under the direction of...在……指导下
in all directions (=in every direction) 朝四面八方 (3)directly adv.直接地，也可作连词，引导时间 状语从句，意为“一……就……”。
6. whisper vt/vi小声说，低声说，n,耳语，低语
speak in a whisper低声说 whisper to sb.向某人低声说 give sb.the whisper 对某人耳语；给某人以暗示
whisper sth.in one’s ear
在某人耳旁小声说…… in a whisper =in whispers =in a low voice 耳语地，低声地 It is/was whispered that...据秘密传闻……
他的所作所为好像他是这个地方的主人。
as though he knew where she is. He talks __________ 他说话的样子好像知道她在哪里似的。 as though he had been He talks about Rome __________ there himself. 他谈论起罗马就好像他去过那里似的。
astonishment n.惊讶 astonishing adj.令人吃惊的 (3) to one’s astonishment使某人惊讶的是 in astonishment吃惊地
4. convince vt, 使确信，使信服
convince sb of sth.使某人信服 convince sb to do sth. 说服某人做某事 convince sb that. 使某人确信 be convinced of / that…确信…… convincing adj,令人信服的 convinced adj ,确信的 You’ll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job. 你要使他们相信你殷切希望得到这份工作。 I’ve been trying to convince him to see a doctor.我一直劝他去看病。
归纳总结
__________________________ as if they were spaghetti 是as if引导的方式状 语从句，从句中用了________, 虚拟语气 表示与现在事实相反
的情况。as if的意思是“_________”,与 __________ 好像,仿佛 as though
Unit 3 A taste of English humour
1.Content adj,满足的，满意的；vt,使满足； n,内容，目录，容量。 content作形容词，通常作表语、后置定语或 状语;作前置定语时要用contented,如a contented expression满足的表情; be content to do sth.(=be willing/ready to do sth.)乐意做某事；满足于做某事 be content with sth.(=be satisfied/pleased with sth.)对某事满意/满足 content oneself with sth.满足于……；对……感 到满意 to one’s heart’s content心满意足地；尽情地
They cut off the gas supply.
他们停止了煤气供应。 cut across走捷径；走近路 cut down砍倒；砍伤；砍死；削减，缩减 cut in 插嘴，插话 cut out剪除；切掉；割掉；删掉，省掉 cut up切碎，剪碎
9 badly off 贫困的，穷的，缺少的 be worse off情况更糟，恶化
相同。用在look,seem,smell,taste,sound等系动词
后面，引导表语从句；也可用在行为动词之后， 引
导方式状语从句。无论是何种从句,当其所表示的情 况是事实或具有很大可能性时，通常用陈述语气;当 其所表示的情况不是事ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ,而是主观的想像或夸大性 的比喻时,通常用虚拟语气。其动词时态的判断标准 如下：
The tree looked as if it _____________ hadn’t been
________ watered for a long time.
串联扩展
背诵以-o结尾的名词复数
单数(表自然界的事物) tomato西红柿 potato土豆 hero英雄 volcano火山 +-es 复数 tomatoes potatoes heroes volcanoes
5.direct vt/vi 导演，指示，指挥adj,直接的，直率的
(1)direct sb.to do sth.指示(令)某人做某事 direct+that从句(谓语动词用虚拟语气) direct sb.to a place告诉某人去某地 (2)in the direction of...朝……方向
be badly off境况不好；拮据；贫穷
be well off境况很好；富裕
be better off境况(尤指经济境况)较好
go from bad to worse (指不如意的境况等)越来越坏，每况愈下 What is worse= to make matters worse Worse still, 更糟糕的是
put sb.to the worse打败某人
worse and worse越来越坏，每况愈下
for better or (for) worse不论好坏；不管怎么样
即学即用
(1)当时我们的初级中学缺少教师。
badly off Our junior middle school was then _________ for teachers. (2)这条新法规可使家庭经济宽裕一些。 Families will _____________under the new be better off
law.
10.Charlie first picks out the laces and
eats them as if they were spaghetti.查理 首先挑出鞋带来吃，像是吃意大利面条一样。 典例体验 He behaves ______ as if he owned the place.
归纳总结
pick out
挑出，辨别出
pick up拾起；接人；偶得；收听，收看；
使精神恢复；收拾，整理；重新开始；
继续,偶然学会
pick oneself up跌倒后站起来 pick up with sb.结识某人 pick and choose挑三拣四 pick...apart把……撕成碎片
8.cut off 切断，隔断，断绝 She is going to cut off her long hair. 她打算剪掉长发。
面接名词、形容词、副词和介词短语,也可跟分词或
不定式。
即学即用 (1)他感到仿佛他要对发生的一切负责。 were responsible for what He felt as if he ____________________ had happened.
(2)那棵树看上去好像很久没有人给浇水了。
2.entertain
entertain v.款待，招待；使快乐
entertaining adj.愉快的；有趣的
entertainment n.娱乐活动 entertain sb.(to sth.)宴客；招待，款待某人(尤 指在自己家中) entertain sb.(with sth.) (用……)使某人快乐 (1)他给我们讲故事、说笑话,让我们高兴了好几个 小时。 He entertained us for hours with his stories and jokes. (2)昨晚鲍勃和利兹设宴招待了我们。 Bob and Liz entertained us to dinner last night.
cargo货物
单数（人类发明之物） piano钢琴
cargoes
复数 pianos
radio收音机
photo相片 zero零 tobacco烟草 +-s
radios
photos zeros tobaccos
kilo千
kilos
判断条件 as if从句谓语与主句谓语 同时进行 as if从句谓语在主句谓语 之前发生 as if从句谓语在主句谓语 之后发生（很少用）
从句的谓语时态 一般过去时；系动词一律 用were 过去完成时,如果从句有过 去时间，要用一般过去时 过去将来时would+do
注意
as if引导方式状语从句时可用省略形式，后
归纳总结
3. astonish vt, 使震惊，使惊讶 (1)astonish sb.with/by sth.用某事使某人惊讶 be astonished at/by sth.对某事感到惊讶 be astonished to do sth.惊讶地做某事
(2)astonished adj.感到吃惊的