(word完整版)初中现在完成时态的讲解及习题
（完整版）现在完成时讲解及练习
（完整版）现在完成时讲解及练习Unit 9:现在完成时讲解一．基本结构：助动词have/has+过去分词(done)二．句型：否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语: Yes, 主语+ have/has.(肯定)No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.(否定)三．用法（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含义：郭子君现在在这儿) My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)（2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）③since+时段+ago④since+从句（过去时）●⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.四．has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场)Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been (to) :去过（已不在去过的地方）My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /sin ce two months ago.五．现在完成时的标志1. 现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:* 以already, just和yet为标志He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。
(完整word版)现在完成时态讲解及练习
此刻达成时态解说及练习一、此刻达成时的组成一定句：主语 +have/ has + done (过去分词 )+其余He has lived in Shenzhen for 4 years.一般疑问句： Have/ Has +主语 + done (过去分词 )+其余Has he lived in Shenzhen for 4 years?否认句 : 主语 +have/ has+ not + done (过去分词 )+其余He has not finished his homework.过去分词的组成方法以下:1.一般状况下，直接在动词原形后边加–ed.work---worked answer---answered obey---obeyed want---wanted2.以不发音的 -e 结尾的动词只加–d.Move---moved hope---hoped divide---divided3.字尾是辅音 +y 的动词。
则将 y 改 i加 ed.study---studied tidy---tidied satisfy---satisfied4.以重读闭音节结尾的词，这些词的末端只有一个辅音字母时，双写这个辅音字母，再加–ed. stop---stopped regret--- regretted drop---dropped不规则动词过去式与过去分词分类记忆表一、 AAA.（原形，过去式和过去分词一致）1.花销cost cost cost2.割cut cut cut3.损害hurt hurt hurt4.让let let let5.放put put put6.朗诵read read read7.设置set set set8.打击，碰撞hit hit hit9.关上门窗shut shut shut10.让let let let二、 ABB （过去式和过去分词一致）1)过去式、过去分词含有 -ought1.带来bring brought brought2.买buy bought bought3.打斗fight fought fought4.想think thought thought5.寻找、seek sought sought研究2)过去式、过去分词含有 -aught5.抓住catch caught caught6.教teach taught taught7.建筑build built built8.借出lend lent lent9.花销spend spent spent10.差遣send sent sent 4)过去式、过去分词在原形词尾加t 或 d11.学会learn learnt/ed learnt/ed12.意思mean meant meant13.焚烧burn burnt/ed burnted 13.做梦dream dreamt/ed dreamt/ed13.办理deal dealt dealt14.听hear heard heard 5）过去式、过去分词改为-ept15.保持keep kept kept16.睡觉sleep slept slept17.扫sweep swept swept 6）过去式、过去分词改为-elt18.感觉feel felt fel19.嗅smell smelt/ed smelt/ed20.拼写spell spelt/ed spelt/ed 7)过去式、过去分词改为 -aid20.孵蛋lay laid laid21.说say said said22.支付pay paid paid8)过去式、过去分词改为 -old23.卖sell sold sold24.告诉tell told told9)过去式、过去分词改为 -ood25站stand stood stood26.明understand understood understood白10)其余变化27.获得get got got(gotten)28.坐sit sat sat29.照料babysit babysat babysat30.走开leave left left31.失掉lose lost lost32.找到find found found33.有have(has) had had34.握住，hold held held召开35.制造make made made36.悬挂hang hung hung37.照射shine shone shone39.赢win won won40 逃跑flee fled fled41 喂feed fed fed42.指引，lead led led致使43 遇到meet met met三、 ABA（过去式与原形一致）1.变为became become become2.来come came come3.跑run ran run四、 ABC（原形、过去式、过去分词各不同样）1). 过去分词在过去式或原形后加-n 或-en 1.击败beat beat beaten2.损坏break broke broken3.驾驶drive drove driven4.吃eat ate eaten5.落下fall fell fallen6.给give gave given7.生长grow grew grown8.知道know knew known9.吹blow blew blown10.扔throw threw thrown11.展现show showed shown12.弄错mistake mistook mistaken13.拿take took taken14.摇动shake shook shaken15.说speak spoke spoken16.选择choose chose chosen2)三种形式都有变化1是be(is,am; was;beenare)were2开始begin began begun3做do did Done4喝drink drank drunk5飞fly flew flown6忘掉forget forgot forgot/forgotten 7躺lie lay lain8骑ride rode ridden9打电话ring rang rung10唱sing sang sung11穿wear wore worn12游泳swim swan swum13写write wrote written14去go went gone二、此刻达成时标记词：recently; recent years; these days/ years; lately; since; for+时间段；in the past few years; ever since; in the last five months; up to now; since then; so far; ever; never, yet; once; twice; already; before; justalready (已经 ): 用于一定句I have already posted the letter .yet(已经 ): 用于否认句 ,疑问句He hasn ’ t done his homework yet.just(刚才 )They have just left.ever(以前 )Have you ever been to Beijing ?never(从不 )I have never seen him .before(从前 )Have you seen the film before?since(自从以来)I ’ ve worked in the school since1999.for(长达 )He’ s lived in Shenzhen for 6 years.in the past several days / weeks/ years(在过去的 )recently(近来 )I have not written to my parents recently.so far(到当前为止 )So far she has learned 5 English songs.up to now(到当前为止 )this morning/month/year(今日清晨 /这个月 /今年 )三、此刻达成时的用法1)此刻达成时表示过去发生的动作 , 并对此刻有影响。
(完整版)初中现在完成时练习题及答案
现在完成时1.现在完成时的构成：现在完成时由助动词have'has +过去分词构成，第三人称单数用has,其余用have。
I have bee n in Shen zhe n for seve n years.Lily hasn 'been to America before.2.现在完成时的用法：1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。
说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。
My daughter has just go ne out. 我女儿刚出去。
I'm sure we ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。
She has arrived.她到了。
2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，for…,since…,yet等。
如：I haven 'heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。
We haven 'seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。
They have bee n away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。
She has bee n with us since Mon day.3.常和现在完成时连用的时间状语：already, yet, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never , since , for 等连用。
例如：She has already come. 她已经来了。
I haven 'read it yet. 我还没读过这个。
They have n ever bee n to Yan 'an. 他们从未去过延安。
I have n't seen him lately. 我近来没看到他。
She has bee n an in depe ndent girl since her father passed away.自从父亲去世后，这女孩就变得独立了。
（word完整版）初中英语语法-现在完成时讲解以及练习题讲义
（word完整版）初中英语语法-现在完成时讲解以及练习题讲义现在完成时1.构成现在完成时是由助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。
助动词have(has)表明事情发生于现在。
它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。
过去分词在句子中做谓语，说明句子的含义。
2.用法（1）动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在有某种影响和结果。
常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。
如：-Have you had lunch yet? -Yes,I have. I've just had it.你（已经）吃午饭了吗？我刚刚吃过。
（现在我不饿了）（2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。
常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。
如：He has taught here since 1981他自1981年就在这儿教书。
（可能还要继续教）I have't seen her for four years.我有四年没见到她了。
（3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice,ever,never,three times等时间状语。
如：I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。
3.现在完成时的时间状语（1）现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。
如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。
但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。
a. 用副词already和yet。
already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。
如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。
They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。
现在完成时讲解(附习题+答案)
现在完成时讲解（附习题+答案）定义：表示动作从某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，或者刚刚终止，或者可能仍然要继续下去。
1.发生于过去，和现在有关。
例如：He has lost his book.他丢了他的书。
（所以他到现在一直没书）2.开始于过去，持续到现在。
例如：He has taught in our school for 30 years.他在我们学校教书已有30年了。
（现在还在教）3.从过去到现在不断反复的动作或情况，且不断重复可能继续下去，也可能到现在结束。
例如：My father has always gone to work by bike.我父亲一向骑车上班。
（从过去到现在期间一直这样）4.同一般现在时可以表示将来一样，现在完成时也可以在时间状语从句里表示将来。
例如：I'll wait until he has written his letter.我愿等到他把信写完。
构成：主语+ have / has + done（过去分词）+ …肯定句: 主语+ have / has + 过去分词+ …She has been to Shanghai.她去过上海.I have finished doing my homework.我已经完成我的作业了.否定句: 主语+ have / has + not +过去分词+ …I haven’t seen this film.我没有看过这部电影.She hasn’t finished doing his homework.她还没有完成她的作业.一般疑问句：Have / Has + 主语+ 过去分词+ …Have you seen this film ?Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t .你看过这部电影吗?是的, 看过. / 不, 没有.Has she finished doing his homework ?Yes, she has . / No, she hasn’t.她完成她的作业了吗?是的, 完成了. / 不, 没有.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ have / has + 主语+ 过去分词+ …Who has finished doing his homework ?谁完成了作业?注意：has gone to, has been to, has been in/on 的区别(1)have/ has been to 表示：曾经去过某地（已经回来了），常用于第三人称，可与once, never, several times等连用(2)have/ has gone to 表示：去了某地（还没有回来）They have been to Shanghai twice.他们去过上海两次。
(完整版)现在完成时讲解及练习题(含答案).docx
解：在完成（1）构成：在完成由助have + 去分构成，助have 有人称和数的化。
第三人称数用has，其余用have.在完成的否定式直接在助后面加上not、疑式是把助提到主之前。
以study例，其否定式、疑式和回答形式如下：否定式疑式I have not (haven You have not (haven He has not (hasn’ t) studied’ t) studied’ t) studied⋯.⋯.⋯.Have I studiedHave you studiedHas he studied⋯?⋯?⋯?否定疑式Have I not (Haven’ t I) studied Have you not (Haven’ t you) studied Has he not (Hasn’ t he) studied ⋯?⋯?⋯?回答（肯定 /否定） Yes, youhave. No, you haven Yes, Ihave. No, I haven Yes, he has.No, he hasn’ t.’ t.’ t.（2）用法：1）在完成通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状。
人的是作或状在的果或影响。
My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿出去。
I ’ m sure we’ ve met before我肯.定我以前面。
She has arrived. 她到了。
2）表示持到在的作或状，往往和包括在在内的表示一段的状用，如 recently, already, just, lately, for since ⋯⋯,,yet等。
如：I haven ’heardt from her these days.些日子我没有收到她的信。
you recently.最近我没有到你。
We haven ’seentThey have been away for two years.他离开已两年了。
(完整版)初中现在完成时讲解和练习_.docx
现在完成时I.定：1.表示去生或已完成的作在造成的影响或果。
2.也可以表示去已开始，一直延到在的作或状II.在完成的构have/has+ done (去分 )注意：表示短作的，如:come， go， die， marry ， buy 等的完成不能与for ， since 等表示一段的用。
用来持的作或状或表去重复的作，如live ， study， be， wait 等，常和since（自从）或for （）引的用。
如： I have lived here for more than thirty years. 我已在此住了30 多年。
III.在完成的状1. ever, never, twice（once⋯ ）, so far（到目前止）, , already （肯定句）, yet （否定，疑句）, just(), before （以前）, recently （近来）等用2.Since+ 点， for+ 段，in the past/last few years表示短作的，如:come，go， die， marry， buy 等的完成不能与for， since 等表示一段的用。
用来持的作或状或表去重复的作，如live ， study，be， wait 等，常和 since（自从）或for （）引的用。
明： already 与 yet 都有“已”的意思，但already 常用于肯定句，并用于句中。
yet 常用于否定句和疑句，并用于句末。
例如：I have already finished my homework.I haven’ t finished my homework yet. Have you finished your homework yet?They have left. ( 他已离开了,也就是在他人不在里)I have had my lunch. ( 我已吃午了,也就是我在不)I can’ t find my watch now. I think I have already lost it.注意：1)在完成不能独与去的状用, 如 yesterday, last week, three years ago 等; 2) 不能与 when 用IV.在完成的用法A．表示去生或已完成的作在造成的影响或果，在造成的影想或果）。
(word版)现在完成时与现在完成进行时态讲解及练习(含答案),文档
时态现在完成时一．根本结构：助动词have/has+过去分词(done)。
表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。
二．句型：否认句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语:Yes,主语+have/has.(肯定)No,主语+haven't/hasn't.(否认)三．用法1.“已完成〞用法:表示一个过去发生并结束的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
这一类情况可以细致分为下述两种情况。
1〕表示开始于过去的动作刚刚结束。
常和just，now，already，yet，not yet等不确定的时间状语连用。
LiMinghasjustturnedoffthelight.李明刚刚把灯关上。
〔说明现在灯关上了〕I'vefinishedmyhomeworknow.现在我已经做完作业了。
〔说明可以交作业或做别的了〕2〕表示过去动作的结果，现在仍残留着。
一般不用时间状语。
Ihavelostmypen.我把笔丢了。
〔说明过去某时丢的，现在我还没找到这支笔〕Shehasbecomeateacher她.已经当了老师。
〔说明她现在仍是老师〕2.“未完成〞用法。
表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，持续到现在的动作〔用行为动词表示〕或状态〔be动词表示〕，常与for〔+段时间〕、since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用。
for+时段〔foralongtime，foramonth〕since+过去一个时间点〔译为：自从以来，如since1991、sinceyesterday〕since+时段+ago〔since2daysago〕④since+从句〔过去时〕●⑤Itis+时段+since+从句〔过去时〕⑥其它常见：today，thisweek〔month〕，lately，recently，thesedays，inthepastfewdays，duringthelasttwoweeks，，sofar，uptonow，till〔until〕now等。
(完整版)现在完成时讲解(含讲解及习题)(可编辑修改word版)
现在完成时讲解一、构成:肯定式：主语+ 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词.疑问式：助动词Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词?否定式: 主语+ 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词.过去分词规则变化：a)一般情况下，直接加ed, （work---worked，water---watered, finish---finished 等;）b)以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词, 把y 变成i 再加ed, （carry-- -carried study---studied 等;）c)以辅+元+辅结尾且中读的动词，要双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。
（stop---stopped，shop---shopped）d)以不发音的e 结尾的动词，只加d（过去分词不规则变化表：二、用法：用法一：表示过去（已经、曾经或从未）发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
标志词：①already, ②never, ③ever, ④just, ⑤yet, ⑥before,⑦once/twice/数字+ times例：I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间(房间现在是干净的，不需要打扫了)They have left. --他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里I have never had a car (我从未有过汽车。
)I have been there twice.a）already 往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气；yet 用于否定句和疑问句。
•He has already left here. 他已经离开这里了。
•Has he already left here? 他（真的）已经离开这里了吗？（表示加强语气）•My teachers haven’t had breakfast yet. 我的老师们还没有吃早饭。
•Have you written to your parents yet? 你已经给你父母写过信了吗？b）never 是否定词，表示“从来没有”，而ever 表示“曾经”•We have never been to the Great Wall. 我们从来没有去过长城。
（完整）初中现在完成时讲解练习及答案
（完整）初中现在完成时讲解练习及答案A．表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
现在完成时跨在两个时间之上，一是过去，一是现在。
它的动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响（或结果），而这种影响（或结果）却往往是说话人的兴趣所在，所以常常后面不用时间状语。
现在完成时所表的动作离说话人的说话时刻可近可远，表近距离的。
eg. The car has arrived.车子来了。
（结果：车子已在门口）Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。
（结果：窗户仍破着）现在完成时句子通常有recently，lately，since，for，in the past few months/years等词做时间状语。
肯定形式：have/has + done否定形式：have/has + not +done一般疑问句：have或has放于句首。
B．现在完成时的用法1）现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成，而对现在有影响。
所以常常后面不用时间状语。
现在完成时所表的动作离说话人的说话时刻可近可远。
eg. He has gone to London.He has been to London.2）现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也许还会持续下去。
常用for 和since表示一段时间的状语或so far，now，today，this week (month，year)等表示包括现在时间在内的状语。
eg. He has studied English for 5 years.He has studied English since 2001.Now I have finished the work.注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成时不能与for，since等表示一段时间的词连用。
用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和since（自从）或for（经历）引导的词语连用。
现在完成时讲解及练习(精编文档).doc
【最新整理，下载后即可编辑】现在完成时1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.3.基本结构：have/has + done4.否定形式：have/has + not +done.5.一般疑问句：have或has提前6.它主要适用于下面的几种情况：1）表示截止现在业已完成的动作By now, I have collected all the data that I need .到现在为止，我已收集到了我所需的全部资料。
She has read 150 pages today .她今天已看了150页。
2）表示发生在过去而对现在产生影响、带来结果的动作Have you had your dinner? 你吃晚饭了吗？3）表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，并可能还要延续It has been five years since he joined the army .他参军五年了。
1)一个句子应该用什么时态只能取决于它需要表达的意思，以及它所处的语言环境。
例如：He speaks English .（一般现在时，说明动作发生的经常性。
）He spoke English when he was in New Zealand .（一般过去时，说明动作发生的时间。
）He is speaking English.（现在进行时，说明动作正在进行。
）He has spoken English for three years since he came to the USA.（现在完成时，这里说明动作的总和。
）2）在含有时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主从复合句中，如果主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么从句的谓语动词就只能用一般现在时来表示将来时；如果主句的谓语动词是过去将来时，那么从句的谓语动词就只能用一般过去时来表示过去将来时。
初中现在完成时态讲解及练习(可编辑修改word版)
初三语法专项训练：现在完成时用法小结现在完成时的构成：助动词have（has）+ 过去分词，1．表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
例如：I have just cleaned my clothes. 我刚洗过衣服。
（“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）现在完成时常用的时间状语有：already （”已经”用于肯定句的中间和末尾处）never (“从不”用于中间处)ever （”曾经”用于疑问句和肯定句的中间处）just (“刚刚”用于中间处)yet (“已经”用于疑问句的末尾处/ “还”用于否定句的末尾处)现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去或表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响；一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。
试比较：The plane has arrived . 飞机已经来了。
（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿）The plane arrived a quarter ago. 飞机是一刻中以前来的。
（强调动作发生的时间在过去）I have taught here for fifteen years. 我在这儿已经教了十五年。
（表示十五年前的动作一直延续到现在，还可能会继续。
）I taught here for a year. 我过去在这儿教过一年。
（表示“我“现在已经不在这儿任教了）练习：I.翻译下列句子：1.你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？2.我刚刚丢了我的化学书。
3.我以前从来没去过那个农场。
4.他已经吃过午饭了。
5.你已经看过这部电影了吗？6.我哥哥还没回来。
7.我上星期看过这部电影。
8.在1992 年他住在这里。
II.用过去时或现在完成时填空：1.“you (have) lunch ?”“Yes.”“When you (have) it?”“I(have) it at 12:00.”2.“you (write) a letter to your aunt yet?” “Yes,I . I (write) one last week.”3.“he (finish) his homework?”“Not yet.”4.“they ever (be) abroad?”“Yes, just once.”5.Your father just (finish) his work.6.Your father (finish) his work just now.st term I (learn) many English words.8.They (not read) the interesting books yet.9.He never (go) to the science museum.10.you ever (drink) coke?11.“you (buy) a dictionary? ““Yes, I.”“Where you (buy) it?”“ I (buy) it in a bookstore.”“When you (buy) it?”“ Yesterday.”Since 和for 的用法表示过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态常用的时间状语有：for, since, how long, so far, these days 等。
初中英现在完成时讲解-练习及答案
初中英现在完成时讲解-练习及答案1现在完成时一、考点、热点回顾【词汇辨析】1.b e famous for 和 be famous asbe famous for表示“因…而出名”， for后接表示出名的原因be famous as则表示“以…身份而着名”，as 后接职业、身份或地位，表示作为…职业、身份或地位是着名的eg. France is famous for its fine food andwine. 法国以其佳肴和美酒着名。
France is famous as a romantic country．法国作为一个浪漫的国家而出名。
2.h ard与 hardlyhard adv.“努力地，费力地，辛苦地”, 如： He works hard.他努力工作。
hard adj. “努力的，辛苦的” , 如：It＇s a hard work. 这是一项辛苦的工作。
hardly否定副词，意思为“几乎不”，表示否定含义,如：He works hardly. 他几乎不工作。
【固定搭配】加-ingbe good at doing sth擅长做某事 eg: He is good at playing the piano.mind doing sth介意做某事 eg: Do you mind my opening the door?practice doing sth练习做某事 eg: My sister practices playing the piano every day.stop doing sth停止做某事 eg: The teacher is coming, please stop talking.What/How about doing sth. 做某事怎样 eg: What about going to the park this weekend?【现在完成时】A.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
(完整版word)英语现在完成时含答案解析
（完整版word）英语现在完成时含答案解析一、初中英语现在完成时1．—— ______you _____ out the problem, Sam?——Not yet, but I'm going to.A. Did, workB. Are, workingC. Have, workedD. Will , work【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意：萨姆，你计算出这道数学题了吗？——还没有，但是快了。
结合语境可知上文描述的是现在已经完成的动作，故用现在完成时态。
选C。
【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。
解答此类题型，首先要注意句子中的时间状语，如果没有则要通过分析上下文，结合语境来判断句子的时态。
英语疑问句中一般具有时态上的对应关系，注意结合这一特点进行区分。
2．I ________ an invitation to the concert. I can't wait to go.A. receiveB. will receiveC. was receivingD. have received【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：我已经收到音乐会的邀请，我等不及要去了。
由句意得知我已经收到去音乐会的邀请函，动作已完成造成的影响是我等不及要去，要用现在完成时，故答案选D。
【点评】考查动词时态。
根据题目所给语境推断出应使用的时态。
3．This museum here for over 80 years. It one of the oldest buildings in this city.A. is; wasB. had been; isC. was; has beenD. has been; is【答案】 D【解析】【分析】考查动词的时态。
句意：博物馆在这儿有八十多年了。
它是这座城市最古老的建筑之一。
前句表示从过去一直延续到现在的状态，用现在完成时态；后句表示的是现在的状态，用一般现在时态。
初中_中考英语现在完成时时态仔细讲解与习题（可编辑修改word版）
初中_中考英语现在完成时时态仔细讲解与习题（可编辑修改word版）初中现在完成时时态讲解一、注意弄清时态的实际意义现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在的动作/状态,或者过去的动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果。
They have left. --他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里I have had my lunch. --我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，或有可能有可能停止，或有可能继续延续下去。
He has learned English since 2001. -从2001 年开始学的,现在还在继续学着呢二、基本句型结构现在完成时的构成形式：have /has (助动词)+done(过去分词)I/You/They/We have talked . He/She has talked.现在完成时的否定结构就是在助动词have 或has 后加上否定词not；I/You/They/We have n’t(have not) talked . He/She hasn’t(has not) talked.其一般疑问句就是将助动词have 或has 提到句首，Have I/You/They/We talked . Has he/she talked.肯定的简略回答是：Yes，主语＋have/has.，否定的简略回答是：No，主语＋have/has not.。
如：I have seen the film. →Have you seen the film？Yes，I have./No，I haven’t.三、注意掌握两种基本用法1.“过去的经历”：动作发生在过去的某一时刻且已经结束，但未说明动作发生的具体时间或情景，强调该经历(即动作发生后)对现在所造成的影响或产生的结果。
如：I have heard of the man. 我听说过这个人。
2.“完成情况”：表示过去已经开始并持续到现在的动作或状态，或有可能继续延续下去。
中考英语语法丨现在完成时详解（附练习题及答案）
中考英语语法丨现在完成时详解（附练习题及答案）中考英语语法丨现在完成时详解（附练习题及答案）一.现在完成时的构成："have/ has+动词的过去分词”。
①肯定句主语+have/ has+动词的过去分词。
Though he has read the book three times, he hopes to read it again.尽管已经把这本书读了三遍，他仍希望再读一次。
②否定句:主语+have/ has+not+动词的过去分词。
You haven't been here for a long time.你已经很长时间没来这儿了。
③一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词? Have they finished the work yet?他们已经完成这项工作了吗?二.现在完成时的用法(1)表示发生在过去的动作对现在仍有影响My father has gone to Shanghai. (表示人不在这里了)我爸爸去上海了。
I have already had supper. (表示现在不饿了)我已经吃过晚饭了。
(2 )表示从过去开始一直延续到现在(可能延续下去)的动作或状态He has lived here since 1970.他自从1970年以来一直住在这里。
My brother has been a soldier for two years.我哥哥已经参军两年了。
提示：常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有alredy(已经),yet (还)，just (刚刚), never(从不),ever(曾经)，before (以前), recently（近来）, since then(从那时起)，since(自从),so far (到目前为止),for a long time（很长一段时间), in the past/last few years (在过/最近的几年里)等。
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现在完成时的讲解和练习题一、构成：主语+ have/has + 过去分词+其他否定式:主语+ haven't/hasn't + 过去分词+ 其他。
疑问式:Have /Has + 主语+ 过去分词+ 其他?简略答语: (肯定)Yes, 主语+ have/has. (否定)No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.二、用法：现在完成时既涉及过去，又联系现在（一）表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态常与just（刚刚），already（已经），never（从来没有），ever（曾经），before（以前），yet（仍然，还），once（一次），twice（两次），many times（很多次），how many times（多少次），so far（迄今为止），up to now ,till now 等时间状语连用。
如：※副词的位置：①just常用于肯定句中，放在have / has后，He has just come .②never表示否定,放在have / has后, He has never visited the Great Wall.③ever用于疑问句中,句型为: Have / Has＋主语＋ever＋过去分词？“…曾经……过吗？”用于询问某人过去的经历。
Have you ever been to the farm？（二）：表示过去已经开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态。
时间状语有：①for＋表示一段时间的词语I have taught English for 19 years。
②since＋表示过去时间点的词语He has been at this school since 1986.③since＋表示过去的时间状语从句I have lived here since I was born.④since＋一段时间＋ago. I have known him since 20 years ago.三、现在完成时态中可以和表示一段时间状语（for，since，how long, all one’s life）连用的动词必须用延续性动词（肯定句）。
如：be，have，know，live，work，study，learn，teach，keep，speak，talk，draw，wait，wear，walk，sleep，drive，write，do，clean等。
非延续性动词，又叫瞬间动词，短暂性动词如begin, start, die, buy, leave, come等，表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成，不能再延续，所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用Eg. I have been a teacher for nearly 20 years. How long has he lived here? He has died.常见终止性动词和延续性动词的相应转换形式如下:1、borrow / lend→keep,2、buy→have,3、finish / end→be over,4、begin / start→be on5、open→be open6、close→be closed,7、die→be dead8、arrive /come / go / move / reach /get to→be in /at / be here /be there,9、leave→be away（from）10、go to school→be in school / be a stud ent,11、get up→be up, 12、fall asleep→be asleep 13、fall ill→be ill14、get to know→know, 15、lose→be lost 16、become→be 17、begin to study→study, 18、return / come back / get back→be back 19、join→be in / be a…member,20、join the army→be in t he army /be a soldier21、receive / get a letter→have a letter 22、catch / get a cold→have a coldEg. 他参军已有三年.He has joined the army for three years.（错）改为:He has been in the army for three years / since three years ago.He has been a soldier for three years / since three years ago.四、现在完成时中应注意的几个问题1. have been to和have gone to的区别have been to强调“曾经去过…”，现已不在那里，已经回来了have gone to主要强调的是“去了…”，可能在去的途中，或在去的目的地。
2. have been to和have been in的区别have been to强调人“已回到原地”，后面可接表示“次数”的状语。
have been in表示某人“已在某地停留一段时间，现仍在那里”，其后常带表示一段时间的状语五．现在完成时与一般过去时的区别练习题：I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form.1. I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ________ (see) it last week.2. _____ he ____ (finish) his work today? Not yet.3. My father ____ just ____ (come) back from work. He is tired now.4. Wher e’s Li Ming ? He __________ (go) to the teacher’s office.5. I __________ (work) here since I ______ (move) here in 1999.6. So far I _______________(make) quite a few friends here.7. How long ________ the Wangs ______________(stay) here ? For two weeks.8. I ________ just ___________ (finish) my homework.9. He ________ (go) to school on foot every day.10.____ you ______ (find) your science book yet?11. If it ____ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.12. The students ____________ (read) English when the teacher came in.13. Look! The monkey __________ (climb) the tree.14. My mother __________ (come) to see me next Sunday.15. I've lost my pen. _________ you ________ (see) it anywhere?II. Choose the best answer.( )1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _________what happened to him .Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know ( )2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still ( )3、Have you met Mr Li ______？Ａ. just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago ( )4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year .Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written ( )5、—Our country ______ a lot so far .—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; goodＣ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed ; better ( )6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; studyＣ. has ; studied Ｄ. are ; studying( )7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew ( )8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see ( )9、—These farmers have been to the United States .—Really ? When _____ there ?Ａ. will they go Ｂ. did they goＣ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone ( )10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .Ａ. Did ; do ; finished Ｂ. Have ; done ; finishedＣ. Have ; done ; have finished Ｄ. will ; do ; finish( )11、His father ______ the Party since 1978 .Ａ. joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in ( ) 12、—Do you know him well ?—Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made( )13、—How long have you ____ here ?—About two months .Ａ. been Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. arrived( ) 14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begunＣ. has been on Ｄ. began( )15、It _____ ten years since he left the army .Ａ. is Ｂ. has Ｃ. will Ｄ. was( )16、Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been( )17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been toＣ. have gone to Ｄ. have been( )18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?A. so theyB. don’t theyC. have theyD. haven’t they( )19、has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?A. How soon, comesB. How often, gotC. How long, cameD. How far, arrived( )20、His uncle for more than 9 years.A. has come hereB. has started to workC. has lived thereD. has left the university( )21. How long have you _______ here?A. comeB. gotC. arrivedD. been( )22. My grandpa died _________.A. at the age of my 2B. for 2 yearsC. when I was 2.D. my age was 6.( )23. Jane has _____ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.A. beenB. goneC. wentD. never been( )24. It is ten years _____ I last saw her.A. afterB. sinceC. forD. that( )25.--Who will go to the station to meet Lorry? --I will. I _____ her several times.A. metB. have metC. had metD. will meet( )26. --What a nice dress! How long _____ you _____ it?--Just 2 weeks.A. will, buyB. did, buyC. are, havingD. have, had( )27.--Do you know Lydia very well?--Yes, She and I _____ friends since we were very young.A. have madeB. have becomeC. have beenD. have turned( )28. The Smiths _______ in China for 8 years.A. has livedB. livedC. have beenD. live( )29. --Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black?-- Sorry. He ______ the Bainiao Park.A. has been toB. has gone toC. went toD. will go to( )30. --____ you ever ____ to the US? -- Yes, twice.A. Have, goneB. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, goingIII. Rewrite the sentences.1. I have been to Macau before. (改为否定句) I _________ _________ been to Macau before.2. He hasn’t come to school because he was ill. (就划线部分提问)______ _______ he come to school?3. I bought a new bike just now. (用just改写) I ____ just ____ a new bike.4. We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句) We ____ ____English ____three years5. He has never surfed, _______ _______? （改成反意疑问句）6. They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问) _______ _______have they been here?7. The old man _________ last year. He has _______ _______for a year. (die) （动词填空）8. Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)Miss Gao has _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.四、用have / has been to / in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。