考研英语阅读理解精读训练题目及答案解析 UNIT 12
研究生英语阅读教程(基础级)第三版 课后习题答案 Lesson 12
1. The whole nation grieved for the death of the their president John Kennedy.A. was distressed（悲痛）B. was distributed（分散，分布）C. was defeated（击败，战胜）D. was diminished（使减少，减小）译文：全国哀悼他们的总统约翰·肯尼迪的逝世。
2. The central government collided with city parliament over its industrial plans.A. countered（）B. conflicted（冲突，矛盾）C. corresponded（符合，一致）D. contested（争辩，质疑）译文：中央政府在工业计划上与市议会发生冲突。
3. A subtle influence emanates from the teacher upon his students.A. originates（发源，发生）B. suffers（经历，遭受）C. vanishes（小时）D. transmits（传输，发射）译文：老师对学生有一种潜移默化的影响。
4. At the press conference, the crazy teenagers fully displayed their infatuation for theirfavorite movie stars.A. delusion（迷惑；欺骗；错觉）B. passion（激情，热情；酷爱）C. miracle（奇迹；惊人的事）D. inflation（膨胀；夸张；自命不凡）译文：在新闻发布会上，这些疯狂的青少年充分展示了他们对喜爱的电影明星的迷恋。
5. Temples, mosques, churches and synagogues are all sacred buildings.A. spiritual（精神的；心灵的）B. earthly（尘世的；地球的）C. holy（神圣的）D. secular（世俗的）译文：寺庙、清真寺、教堂和犹太教堂都是神圣的建筑。
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析（十二）
If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses。
Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses' convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. “Who is that?” the new arrival asked St. Peter. “Oh, that's God,” came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks he's a doctor。
研究生英语精读教程[上册]Unit 12
![研究生英语精读教程[上册]Unit 12](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/e9323ae2f8c75fbfc77db23e.png)
The most immediately and measurably dangerous scofflawry, however, also happens to be the most visible. The culprit* is the American driver, whose lawless activities today add up to a colossal* public nuisance.
1. roulette n. a game of chance in which a small ball is spun round a moving wheel and falls into a hole marked with a number轮盘赌
[ 5 ] Red-light running has always ranked as a minor wrong, and so it may be in individual instances. When the violation becomes habitual, widespread and incessant*, however, a great deal more than a traffic management problem is involved.
《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版· 上)
Unit Twelve
[ 1 ] Law-and-order is the longest-running and probably the best-loved political issue in U.S. history. Yet it is painfully apparent that millions of Americans who would never think of themselves as lawbreakers, let alone criminals, are taking increasing liberties with the legal codes that are designed to protect and nourish their society.
研究生英语阅读教程课后翻译第12课
第十二课
1、对绝大多数美国人而言，苏格兰人的生活可称得上清贫，其收入大约仅为美国人的一半。
在圣安德鲁斯附近的法夫地区40%的家庭没有汽车，我们也从未遇见过哪个家庭拥有两辆汽车。
那个时候，在这个离冰岛南部不远的地方，中央暖气系统仍是一种奢侈品。
2、我们听到了人们对玛格丽特.撒切尔夫人的抱怨，但却从未听到有人抱怨工资太低或没有
能力购买想要的东西。
虽然钱比美国人挣得少一些，但对生活的满足、对人的热情、朋友相聚的愉悦却一点儿都不比美国人少。
3、如此看来，财富好比健康：虽然赤贫会导致悲惨，但有钱并不能保证幸福。
幸福，与其
说是得到我们想要的东西，不如说是想要我们拥有的东西。
4、今天25岁的年轻人会比75岁的祖父母更多地回想起生活中那段消沉、绝望的日子，尽
管祖父母曾在更长的岁月中经受过各种各样的痛苦，从腿部骨折到经济萧条所带来的极度痛苦。
5、从来没有哪个文化曾经经历过物质的舒适与精神的悲苦如此交织在一起的情景。
我们也
从来未感到像现在这样自由，然而我们的监狱却从未像现在这样人满为患，我们对快乐的理解也从来未像现在这样精深，然而我们却更有可能承受着破裂的人际关系所带来的痛苦。
研究生英语阅读教程基础级第二版lesson12课后习题答案
Practice of Reading Techniques Read the following paragraphs, broadening your eye span as much as possible while reading. 1. Since the second war, and particularly during the last few years, a rapidly growing amount of effort has been devoted to the use of high-power rockets to carry instruments up to great heights above the earth, to launch artificial satellites and deep space probes. 2. Without written language, we would be completely shut off from the great minds of the past, and it would be quite impossible for us to undertake such a study, since we would have no means of knowing anything about the language of the people who lived in this country five hundred or a thousand years ago, and still less should we be in a position to relate that language to the tongues spoken in other countries.
TPO12阅读详细分析及答案
TPO12阅读详细分析及答案WHICH HAND DID THEY USE1. assist in帮助，所以C的help with是正确答案。
原句说尽管piant通常是靠嘴来spray的，但dominant hand起到了什么作用，帮忙作用，所以C正确。
A的initiate和D的set up都有开始，建立之意，两者相似，且跟文章无关，都错；B的dominate 和文章相反，前面已经有一个dominant了2.以mouth和hand stencil做关键词定位至倒数第二和第三句，说dominant hand是帮忙的；最后一句又说136是左手22是右手，通过具体数字说明左手比较主要，所以B是答案；注意B和C 是一对相反答案，所以C错，A说不知道哪个主要也就错；D没说3. depict描述，所以C的pictured正确，picture作名词图片大家都知道，作动词与原来名词的意思相关，所以是描述。
原句说在为数不多的情况当中，figure被怎么样拿着东西，imagine 想象，而原文的意思是真的拿着东西，所以imagine不对；reveal揭露和identify都表示从无到有的意思，不对4.先将长句拆开，who后面的从句整个是对前面的人的修饰；主干部分就是engraving是从左边lit的。
A选项的因果关系原文没有，所以错；B将原句的主干换成了从句，同时将原文的从句换成了主干，改变了原文的结构，错；C正确，只是将原句的被动换成了主动；D完全改变了原文的结构，错5. EXCEPT题，排除法，A的engraving做关键词定位至第二段第二句，正确，不选；B对应第一段第三句，但这个不是right-handedness的原因，所以这个选项不对，选；C的prevalence 和left hand定位至第一段最后一句，正确，不选；D的定位至第二段最后一句，正确，不选6.以La做关键词定位至倒数第二句，noticeably stronger，答案B正确，A和C都有提到，但都不是La被认定为right-handedness的原因，所以不选，D没说7.以fractures and other cut marks做关键词定位至第一句，但第一句信息太少，往下看，说右撇子士兵伤在左侧，所以正确答案是C。
07考研英语历年阅读理解真题精析
考研英语历年阅读理解真题精析--2007年Text 1If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006’s World Cup tournament, you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk: elite soccer players are more likely to have been born in the earlier months of the year than in the late months. If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be ever more pronounced.What might account for this strange phenomenon? Here are a few guesses: a）certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills; b）winter born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacity, which increases soccer stamina; c）soccer-mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime, at the annual peak of soccer mania; d）none of the above.Anders Ericsson, a 58-year-old psychology professor at Florida State University, says he believes strongly in “none of the above.” Ericsson grew up in Sweden, and studied nuclear engineering until he realized he would have more opportunity to conduct his own research if he switched to psychology. His first experiment, nearly 30 years ago, involved memory: training a person to hear and then repeat a random series of numbers. “With the first subject, after ab out 20 hours of training, his digit span had risen from 7 to 20,” Ericsson recalls. “He kept improving, and after about 200 hours of training he had risen to over 80 numbers.”This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one. In other words, whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize, those differences are swamped by how well each person “encodes” the information. And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully, Ericsson determined, was a process known as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice entails more than simply repeating a task. Rather, it involves setting specific goals, obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating as much on technique as on outcome.Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying expert performers in a wide range of pursuits, including soccer. They gather all the data they can, not just performance statistics and biographical details but also the results of their own laboratory experiments with high achievers. Their work makes a rather startling assertion: the trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated. Or, put another way, expertperformers –whether in memory or surgery, ballet or computer programming – are nearly always made, not born.1. The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned to[A] stress the importance of professional training.[B] spotlight the soccer superstars at the World Cup.[C] introduce the topic of what makes expert performance.[D] explain why some soccer teams play better than others.2. The word “mania” （Line 4, Paragraph 2）most probably means[A] fun. [B] craze. [C] hysteria. [D] excitement.3. According to Ericsson, good memory[A] depends on meaningful processing of information.[B] results from intuitive rather than cognitive exercises.[C] is determined by genetic rather than psychological factors.[D] requires immediate feedback and a high degree of concentration.4. Ericsson and his colleagues believe that[A] talent is a dominating factor for professional success.[B] biographical data provide the key to excellent performance.[C] the role of talent tends to be overlooked.[D] high achievers owe their success mostly to nurture.5. Which of the following proverbs is closest to the message the text tries to convey?[A] “Faith will move mountains.”[B] “One reaps what one sows.”[C] “Practice makes perfect.”[D] “Like father, like son.”Unit 14（2007）Part 1试题解析：1．【正确答案】【C】【解析】结构题，题干中的“is mentioned to”表明本题是结构题。
2009年考研英语真题阅读理解试题(附答案、解析、翻译)
A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force. When the United States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale. Its scientists were the world's best, its workers the most skilled. America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroyed.It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance proved painful. By the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial competitiveness. Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition. By 1987 there was only one American television maker left, Zenith. (Now there is none: Zenith was bought by South Korea's LG Electronics in July。
unit 12 课后练习答案
Key to Comprehension1.The author means that the believers of the old idea and the believers of the new idea are the same in essence (i.e., both want to stop trade with the developing countries) but different in argument(i.e., the former set forth the argument that the trade with the poor countries would deepen these countries' poverty while the latter brings forward the argument that trade with the poor countries will impoverish today's rich countries).2.Because the focus in the past was on what would help poor countries. Now it is on how it will effect rich countries. If the rich become more protective, the poor countries will suffer even more.Because he believes that supporters of the new idea can easily persuade the rich countries to accept the idea that only by breaking up the links with the third world countries can they protect their own interests.3.a. Nearly all countries in the world are richer than before.b. Growth provides mutual economic development for both rich and poor countries.c. International economic interaction has not been the cause of low living standardsin some poor countries.4.A5.To illustrate the adaptive power of market economy, the author gives examples that people can get jobs in newly-established industries and better their living standards. This happened when farm employment in the industrial countries almost disappeared and even now when manufacturing employment in America remains at only 15% of the labor force.6.As a consequence of the intense competition in the third world countries, people in the developed countries will get lower wages and may not even find jobs. This will lead to great social distress as American society no longer has strong family and religious ties to help withstand the strains.7.By saying "in other respects", the author means in the respects of natural resources and human resources.8.a. Make more investments and increase their efficiency.b. Expand markets for exports and reap new economies of scale.c. Enjoy higher real incomes and higher living standards.9.Lower-skilled workers in rich countries who get lower wages and who have lost their jobs.10.Because the author wants to show that those who argue against the trade with poorcountries are illogical. He holds the opinion that the economic integration, like new technology, shouldn't be resisted because it brings more benefits than costs.ernments can protect the losers by providing a welfare system that pays a subsistence income to the unemployed, helping workers acquire the skills they need to change jobs, expanding programs of adult education, establishing more employment agencies, giving more money and help to those who need to move to find work and providing explicit subsidies for some low-wage employment.12.To qualify the wrong idea some economists have, the author uses such words as "worry", "fear", "scare", "prejudice", "error", "fallacy", etc. The author calls these economists "alarmists".13.The author writes this essay with the purpose of refuting the wrong ideas of some economists and arguing for the economic interaction between rich and poor countries.14.These are two ideas that argue against economic interaction between poor and rich countries. The author believes both are fallacious. He states that "the economic benefits to the North from faster growth in the third world seen certain to outweigh the costs," and "the gains to the world's poor countries and the global benefit are immense." Though there appear some "losers" in rich countries, the governments there shouldn't deny the benefits to the whole population. Instead, they can take effective measures to protect the losers and promote economic integration. Only by doing so can they protect their own interests and help poor countries get rid of poverty.Key to Vocabulary and StructureA.1. hysterical2. conviction3. obsolete4. suffice5. distress6. outweigh7. oversight 8. misery9. innovation 10. explicitB.1. a. jeopardy b. jeopardized2. a. prohibiting b. prohibition3. a. subsidized b. subsidies4. a. adaptability b. adapt5. a. impoverishment b. impoverished6. a. innovative b. innovators7. a. affirmations b. affirmative8. a. integrated b. integration9. a. subsistence b. subsistence10. a. plausible b. plausiblyC.1. go round2. part and parcel of3. in excess of4. at the expense of5. at a disadvantage6. given way to7. rests on 8. at length9. gain ground 10. in aggregateD.1. was originated--originated2. them--it3. sustaining--sustained4. steady--steadily5. freely--free6. on--in7. With--Without 8. made--make9. qualified--quality 10. if--unlessE.1. industrialized2. dependent3. core4. providing5. claim6. simultaneously7. financed 8. poorer9. last 10. relationship11. exploit 12. essence13. maintain 14. theorists15. primarilyKey to the translation from English to ChineseA.尽管在学科目标和所达到的理论发展水平之间存在着差异，但理论在经济、地理和经济地理领域里起着相同的作用。
12年考研英语真题及答案
Section 1 Use of EninglishDirections :Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy ,the symbol of American military adventurism, but that’s not how it used to be .To the men and women who 1 )in World War II and the people they liberated ,the GI.was the 2) man grown into hero ,the pool farm kid torn away from his home ,the guy who 3) all the burdens of battle ,who slept in cold foxholes,who went without the 4) of food and shelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder .this was not a volunteer soldier ,not someone well paid ,5) an average guy ,up 6 )the best trained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries.His name is not much.GI. is just a military abbreviation 7) Government Issue ,and it was on all of the article 8) to soldiers .And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 9) it to the top .Joe Blow ,Joe Magrac …a working class name.The United States has 10) had a president or vicepresident or secretary of state Joe.GI .joe had a (11)career fighting German ,Japanese , and Korean troops . He appers as a character ,or a (12 ) of american personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of GI. Joe, based on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle. Some of the soldiers Pyle(13)portrayde themselves in the film. Pyle was famous for covering the (14)side of the warl, writing about the dirt-snow –and-mud soldiers, not how many miles were(15)or what towns were captured or liberated, His reports(16)the “willie” cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden. Both men(17)the dirt and exhaustion of war, the (18)of civilization that the soldiers shared with each other and the civilians: coffee, tobacco, whiskey, shelter, sleep. (19)Egypt, France, and a dozen more countries, G.I. Joe was any American soldier,(20)the most important person in their lives.1.[A] performed [B]served [C]rebelled [D]betrayed2.[A] actual [B]common [C]special [D]normal3.[A]bore [B]cased [C]removed [D]loaded4.[A]necessities [B]facilitice [C]commodities [D]propertoes5.[A]and [B]nor [C]but [D]hence6.[A]for [B]into [C] form [D]against7.[A]meaning [B]implying [C]symbolizing [D]claiming8.[A]handed out [B]turn over [C]brought back [D]passed down9.[A]pushed [B]got [C]made [D]managed10.[A]ever [B]never [C]either [D]neither11.[A]disguised [B]disturbed [C]disputed [D]distinguished12.[A]company [B]collection [C]community [D]colony13.[A]employed [B]appointed [C]interviewed [D]questioned14.[A]ethical [B]military [C]political [D]human15.[A]ruined [B]commuted [C]patrolled [D]gained16.[A]paralleled [B]counteracted [C]duplicated [D]contradicted17.[A]neglected [B]avoided [C]emphasized [D]admired18.[A]stages [B]illusions [C]fragments [D]advancea19.[A]With [B]To [C]Among [D]Beyond20.[A]on the contrary [B] by this means [C]from the outset [D]at that pointSection II Resdiong ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. answer the question after each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)Text 1Homework has never been terribly popular with students and even many parents, but in recent years it has been particularly scorned. School districts across the country, most recently Los Angeles Unified, are revising their thinking on his educational ritual. Unfortunately, L.A. Unified has produced an inflexible policy which mandates that with the exception of some advanced courses, homework may no longer count for more than 10% of a student’s academic grade.This rule is meant to address the difficulty that students from impoverished or chaotic homes might have in completing their homework. But the policy is unclear and contradictory. Certainly, no homework should be assigned that students cannot do without expensive equipment. But if the district is essentially giving a pass to students who do not do their homework because of complicated family lives, it is going riskily close to the implication that standards need to be lowered for poor children.District administrators say that homework will still be a pat of schooling: teachers are allowed to assign as much of it as they want. But with homework counting for no more than 10% of their grades, students can easily skip half their homework and see vey little difference on their report cards. Some students might do well on state tests without completing their homework, but what about the students who performed well on the tests and did their homework? It is quite possible that the homework helped. Yet rather than empowering teachers to find what works best for their students, the policy imposes a flat, across-the-board rule.At the same time, the policy addresses none of the truly thorny questions about homework. If the district finds homework to be unimportant to its students’ academic achievement, it should move to reduce or eliminate the assignments, not make them count for almost nothing. Conversely, if homework does nothing to ensure that the homework students are not assigning more than they are willing to review and correct.The homework rules should be put on hold while the school board, which is responsible for setting educational policy, looks into the matter and conducts public hearings. It is not too late for L.A. Unified to do homework right.21.It is implied in paragraph 1 that nowadays homework_____.[A] is receiving more criticism[B]is no longer an educational ritual[C]is not required for advanced courses[D]is gaining more preferences22.L.A.Unified has made the rule about homework mainly because poor students_____.[A]tend to have moderate expectations for their education[B]have asked for a different educational standard[C]may have problems finishing their homework[D]have voiced their complaints about homework23.According to Paragraph 3,one problem with the policy is that it may____.[A]discourage students from doing homework[B]result in students' indifference to their report cards[C]undermine the authority of state tests[D]restrict teachers' power in education24. As mentioned in Paragraph 4, a key question unanswered about homework is whether______. [A] it should be eliminated[B]it counts much in schooling[C]it places extra burdens on teachers[D]it is important for grades25.A suitable title for this text could be______.[A]Wrong Interpretation of an Educational Policy[B]A Welcomed Policy for Poor Students[C]Thorny Questions about Homework[D]A Faulty Approach to HomeworkText2Pretty in pink: adult women do not rememer being so obsessed with the colour, yet it is pervasive in our young girls’ lives. Tt is not that pink is intrinsically bad, but it is such a tiny slice of the rainbow and, though it may celebrate girlhood in one way, it also repeatedly and firmly fuses girls’ identity to appearance. Then it presents that connection, even among two-year-olds, between girls as not only innocent but as evidence of innocence. Looking around, I despaired at the singular lack of imagination about girls’ lives and interests.Girls’ attraction to pink may seem unavoidable, somehow encoded in their DNA, but according to Jo Paoletti, an associate professor of American Studies, it is not. Children were not colour-coded at all until the early 20th century: in the era before domestic washing machines all babies wore white as a practical matter, since the only way of getting clothes clean was to boil them. What’s more, both boys and girls wore what were thought of as gender-neutral dresses.When nursery colours were introduced, pink was actually considered the more masculine colour, a pastel version of red, which was associated with strength. Blue, with its intimations of the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, symbolised femininity. It was not until the mid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children’s marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own, when it began to seem inherently attractive to girls, part of what defined them as female, at least for the first few critical years.I had not realised how profoundly marketing trends dictated our perception of what is natural to kins, including our core beliefs about their psychological development. Take the toddler. I assumed that phase was something experts developed after years of research into children’s behaviour: wrong. Turns out, acdording to Daniel Cook, a historian of childhood consumerism, it was popularised as a marketing trick by clothing manufacrurers in the 1930s.Trade publications counselled department stores that, in order to increase sales, they should create a “third stepping stone”between infant wear and older kids’ clothes. Tt was only after “toddler”became a common shoppers’ term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage. Splitting kids, or adults,into ever-tinier categories has proved a sure-fire way to boost profits. And one of the easiest ways to segment a market is to magnify gender differences – or invent them where they did not previously exist.26.By saying "it is...the rainbow"(Line 3, Para.1),the author means pink______.[A]should not be the sole representation of girlhood[B]should not be associated with girls' innocence[C]cannot explain girls' lack of imagination[D]cannot influence girls' lives and interests27.According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true of colours?[A]Colours are encoded in girls' DNA.[B]Blue used to be regarded as the colour for girls.[C]Pink used to be a neutral colour in symbolising genders.[D]White is prefered by babies.28.The author suggests that our perception of children's psychological development was much influenced by_____.[A]the marketing of products for children[B]the observation of children's nature[C]researches into children's behavior[D]studies of childhood consumption29.We may learn from Paragraph 4 that department stores were advised to_____.[A]focus on infant wear and older kids' clothes[B]attach equal importance to different genders[C]classify consumers into smaller groups[D]create some common shoppers' terms30.It can be concluded that girls' attraction to pink seems to be____.[A] clearly explained by their inborn tendency[B]fully understood by clothing manufacturers[C] mainly imposed by profit-driven businessmen[D]well interpreted by psychological experts Part BDirections：。
考研英语阅读unit-12
Unit 12You cannot burn the candle at both ends.P art ADirections：Read the following texts. Answer the questions blow each text by choosing [A],[B],[C] or [D].Text 1Opinion polls are now beginning to show that, whoever is to blame and whatever happens from now on, high unemployment is probably here to say. This means we shall have to find ways of sharing the available employment more widely.But we need to go further. We must ask some fundamental questions about the future work. Should we continue to treat employment as the norm? Should we not rather encourage many ways for self-respecting people to work? Should we not create conditions in which many of us can work for ourselves, rather than for an employer? Should we not aim to revive the household and the neighborhood, as well as the factory and the office, as centers of production and work?The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people‟s work has taken the form of jobs. The industrial age may now be coming to an end, and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought may have to be reversed. This seems a daunting thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospects of a better future for work. Universal employment, as its history shows, has not meant economic freedom.Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people‟s homes. Later, as transport improved, first by rail and then by road, people commuted longer distances to their places of employment until, eventually, many people‟s work lost all connection with their home lives and the places in which they live.Meanwhile, employment put women at a disadvantage. In pre-industrial times, men and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community. Now it became customary for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and families to his wife. Tax and benefit regulations still assume this norm today, and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes.It was not only women whose work status suffered. As employment became the dominant form of work, young people and old people were excluded—a problem now, as more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives.All this may now have to change.The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the idealist goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs.1. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the text?[A] Employment became widespread in the 17th and 18th centuries.[B] Unemployment will remain a major problem for industrialized nations.[C] The industrial age may now be coming to an end.[D] Efforts and resources should be devoted to helping people to take other forms of work.2. According to the author, what should we do to cope with high unemployment?[A] Create situation in which people work for themselves.[B] Continue to treat employment as the norm.[C] Endeavor to revive the factory and the office as centers of production.[D] Encourage people to work in normal working conditions.3. The word “daunting”(Line 3,Para. 3) most probably means[A] shocking. [B] interesting.[C] confusing. [D] stimulating.4. Which of the followings is a factor contributing to the spread of employment?[A] The enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries.[B] The development of work patterns.[C] Relief from housework on the part of women.[D] The development of economic freedom.5. What can be inferred from the text?[A] Most people polled believe that we should pay attention to the high unemployment.[B] Many farmers lost their land when new facilities were being constructed.[C] In pre-industrial societies, housework was mainly carried out by women.[D] Some of the changes in work pattern have been reversed.Text 2Getting ready to go back to school in the good old days of, say, 1997 meant a few trips to the mall and the stationery aisle and a quick check of the bus route. This year, for many parents, there are some new things to remember: The teacher‟s e-mail address, the school‟s website and which night online homework-help chat will be offered. “The 1999-2000 school year will be the one where the majority of parents really feel the Internet‟s influence on their children‟s education at the everyday level,”says Jonathan Carson, chairman and CEO of the Family Education Co., which offers a parenting website at and a framework for local schools to create and maintain their own sites.This year promises to show a quantum leap in the spread of school technology: Parents in many districts can expect to be able to check the school lunch menu, read class notes, see activity calendars and view nightly homework assignments—all online. “The schools are wired,”says Carson. “A majority of parents now have acces s and the educators are ready to go.”Over the summer, parents of high school German students in Ithaca, N.Y. got to be part of a class trip to Europe, through their home computers. The class brought a digital camera and laptop with them to Germany and documented their visit on their web page. Harry Ash, father of16-year-old traveler Brian, found it reassuring to see his son‟s smiling face from half a world away. Before their kids left, parents had checked the site for scheduling information, a list of activities and advice on cultural differences.When it‟s designed well, a district, school or classroom website can change the relationship between the parent and the school, says Cynthia Lapier, Ithaca‟s director of information and instructional technology. “The more you can involve parents in school, the better.” Lapier says. “The technology gives us another way to reach them, especially parents of secondary school students, who tend to be less involved.”Ithaca high school physics teacher Stever Wirt gets e-mail from parents regularly, some from moms and dads he believes might otherwise not pick up the phone with a concern. Using software called Blackboard CourseInfo, Wirt conducts online chats with his students often reviewing for a quiz or discussing homework problems.The way things are going, by the end of this year, many parents may be fully converted—and in fact dependent upon their schools‟ technological capabilities. At a recently wired school in Novi, Michigan, the school webmaster was just a few hours late posting the lunch-menu calendar on the website. In that time, more than a dozen parents called him by telephone to request the information. “A year ago, it never would have been there,” says Carson. “And now parents are finding it‟s tough to get by without it”6.Many parents now remember the teacher‟s e-mail address and the school‟s website because[A] by doing so they needn‟t go to the store to buy stationery for their children.[B] they can get the information of their children‟s school and the teachers.[C] the e-mail and the website can help them find out what their children do.[D] they can observe how the Internet affect their children‟s education every day.7.The sentence “A majority of…”(Line4, Para. 2) means that[A] the schools and parents are connected by the Internet so that teachers will leave school.[B] parents can find out what happens with their children in school by visiting Internet and so will the teachers.[C] parents and educators may discover that schools are strange by using computers.[D] parents now can teach their children and the teachers are to go.8.According to the text, what will be changed most?[A] The relationship between teachers and schools.[B] The connection between students and schools.[C] The relationship between parents and schools.[D] The association between websites and schools.9. The example of Ithaca high school is used to show[A] how important the school website is for parents to be involved in education.[B] that the school online can reassure the parents about what their children do.[C] how the parents of the students get to be part of a class trip to Europe.[D] it is more likely for parents to send teachers e-mails than to phone them.10. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Get Ready to Go to School.[B] Spread School Online Technology.[C] Start School with a Click.[D] Become School Webmaster.Text 3The word science is heard so often in modern times that almost everybody has some notion of its meaning. On the other hand, its definition is difficult for many people. The meaning of the term is confused, but everyone should understand its meaning and objectives. Just to make the explanation as simple as possible, suppose science is defined as classified knowledge (facts).Even in the true sciences distinguishing fact from fiction is not always easy. For this reason great care should be taken to distinguish between beliefs and truths. There is no danger as long as a clear difference is made between temporary and proved explanations. For example, hypotheses and theories are attempts to explain natural phenomena. From these positions the scientist continues to experiment and observe until they are proved or discredited. The exact status of any explanation should be clearly labeled to avoid confusion.The objectives of science are primarily the discovery and the subsequent understanding of the unknown. Man cannot be satisfied with recognizing that secrets exist in nature or that questions are unanswerable; he must solve them. Toward that end specialists in the field of biology and related fields of interest are directing much of their time and energy.Actually, two basic approaches lead to the discovery of new information. One, aimed at satisfying curiosity, is referred to as pure science. The other is aimed at using knowledge for specific purposes—for instance, improving health, raising standards of living, or creating new consumer products. In this case knowledge is put to economic use. Such an approach is referred to as applied science.Sometimes practical-minded people miss the point of pure science in thinking only of its immediate application for economic rewards. Chemists responsible for many of the discoveries could hardly have anticipated that their findings would one day result in applications of such a practical nature as those directly related to life and death. The discoveries of one bit of information opens the door to the discovery of another. Some discoveries seem so simple that one is amazed they were not made years ago; however, one should remember that the construction of the microscope had to precede the discovery of the cell. The hosts of scientists dedicating their lives to pure science are not apologetic about ignoring the practical side of their discoveries; they know from experience that most knowledge is eventually applied.11. We may simply define science as[A] the study of unrelated subjects.[B] an attempt to explain natural phenomena.[C] the study of related fields.[D] labelled knowledge.12. A scientist interested in adding to our general knowledge about oxygen would probably call his approach[A] applied science.[B] agriculture science.[C] pure science.[D] environmental science.13. Pure science, leading to the construction of a microscope,[A] may lead to antiscientific, “impure” results.[B] necessarily precedes applied science, leading to the discovery of a cell.[C] is not always as pure as we suppose.[D] necessarily results from applied science and the discovery of a cell.14. On which of the following statements would the author most probably agree?[A] Scientists engaged in theoretical research should not be blamed for ignoring the practical side of their discoveries.[B] Today few people have any notions of the meaning of science.[C] In science, it is not difficult to distinguish fact from fiction.[D] Practical-minded people can understand the meaning and objectives of pure science.15. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] The Nature of Science and Scientists[B] Biology and the Science and Scientist[C] Hypotheses and Theories[D] On Distinguishing Fact from FictionText 4The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities. However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in English-Canadian universities. Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities and some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law.If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators. Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment. On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom. On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news. For example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law. Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable component of a journalist‟s intellectual preparation for his or her career.But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media. Polities or, more broadly, the functioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists. The better informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reporting will be. In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.Furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjects for journalists. While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers. While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments. These can only from a well-grounded understandingof the legal system.16. In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by .[A] making a few comments. [B] illustrating his opinion.[C] explaining a phenomenon. [D] making several contrast.17. We may infer from the second paragraph that[A] law education is intended primarily for journalists.[B] journalists will comment on the news from the perspective of justice.[C] journalists have more opportunities to reflect on democracy and freedom.[D] the study of law will encourage journalists to concentrate on the facts.18. According to the text, sound journalistic judgment[A] represents good production in courts of law.[B] depends exclusively on evidence and fact.[C] feeds off a profound understanding of law.[D] constitutes an essential part of a professional‟s career19. According to the author, which of the following is the least desirable to a journalist?[A] the study of law. [B] the conventions of the news media.[C] the way the state works. [D] the lawyer‟s interpretations of law.20.The text intends to tell us[A] the importance of legal learning to journalists.[B] the establishment of legal education in Canadian universities.[C] the aims and methods of law education[D] t he components of a journalist‟s intellectual preparationPart BDirections: The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 21-25,you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list [A]—[G] to fill in each numbered box. The first and the last paragraphs have been placed for you in boxes.[A] The Asian engineer who suffered in America was the victim of another mistaken expectation.“He was accustomed to the warm group environment so typical in Japan,”said his U.S.manager. “But in our company, we‟re all expected to be self-starters, who thrive on working alone. For him, it was emotional starvation. He‟s made the adjustment now, but he‟d be humiliated if I told you his name, that‟s another cultural difference.”[B] Each of these real-life cases involved people who were regarded as superior employees, butwere ill-equipped to cope with the complexities and dangers of intercultural management.“Multinational companies have studied everything else, now they‟re finally looking at culture”, says Clifford Clarke, founder and president of the California-based IRI International Inc. “Never show the shoe to an Arab, never arrive in time for a party in Brazil, and in Japan, don‟t think …yes‟means …yes‟,”advise U. S. consultants Lennie Copland and Lewis Brown Griggs, who have produced a series of firms and a book to help managers improve their international business skills. But simply learning the social “dos”and “don‟ts”is not the answer, according to the new culture specialists. The penalties for ignoring different thinking patterns, they point out, can be disastrous.[C] For example, the American manager who promised to be fair thought he was telling hisJapanese staff that their hard work would be rewarded, but when some workers received higher salary than others, there were complaints. “You told us you‟d be fair, and you lied to us,” accused one salesman. “It took me a year and a half”, s ighed the American, “to realize that …fair‟, to my staff, meant being treated equally.”[D] In this increasingly global business world, many corporations are finding the subject of“managing cultural differences”, an area of priority for their diverse expa triate staff. A U.S.executive tells his staff he‟s going to treat them fairly—and creates dissension. An Asian engineer is assigned to a U.S. laboratory and almost suffers a nervous breakdown. A Japanese manager is promoted by his American president, but within six months asks for a transfer. [E] That‟s why Intel, with the help of consultant Clarke, began an intercultural training programthis spring which Flath expects will dramatically reduce decision-making time, now lost in making sure that the Americans and the Japanese understand each other.[F] The Japanese manager who failed to respond to his promotion couldn‟t bring himself to usethe more direct language needed to communicate with his Boston-based superiors. “I used to think all this talk about cu ltural communication was a log of baloney,” says Eugene J. Flash, president of Intel Japan Ltd., a subsidiary of the American semiconductor maker. “Now, I can see it‟s a real problem. Miscommunication has slowed our ability to coordinate action with our ho me office.”[G] If you work in a global corporation with a wide reach, you have colleagues with extraordinarytalents. And the success of Shell is the ability to have these people work in teams to help each other bridge the various “cultural gaps”. These g aps could be language, ethnic or gender based.The fundamental need is to be able to find a common ground on which progress can be launched. And the most important knowledge here is “tactic”—to have the ability to recognize what is relevant and to be able to deliver it effectively for positive results.Order:D →21. →22. →23. →24. →25. →GPart CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.It is hard to predict how science is going to turn out, and if it is really good science it is impossible to predict. If the things to be found are actually new, they are by definition unknown in advance. You cannot make choices in this matter. 26)You either have science or you don‟t and if you have it you are obliged to accept the surprising and disturbing pieces of information, along with the neat and promptly useful bits.The only solid piece of scientific truth about which I feel totally confident is that we are profoundly ignorant about nature. Indeed, I regard this as the major discovery of the past hundred years of biology. It is, in its way, an illuminating piece of news. 27)It would have amazed the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenment to be told by any of us how little we know and how bewildering the way ahead seems. 28)It is this sudden confrontation with the depth and scope of ignorance that represents the most significant contribution of the 20th century science to the human intellect. In earlier times, we either pretended to understand how things worked or ignoredthe problem, or simply made up stories to fill the gaps. Now that we have begun exploring in earnest, we are getting glimpses of how huge the questions are, and how far from being answered. Because of this, we are depressed. 29)It is not so bad being ignorant if you are totally ignorant; the hard thing is knowing in some detail the reality of ignorance, the worst spots and here and there the not-so-bad spots, but no true light at the end of the tunnel nor even any tunnels that can yet be trusted.But we are making a beginning and there ought to be some satisfaction. There are probably no questions we can think up that can‟t be answered, sooner or later, including even the matter of consciousness. 30)To be sure, there may well be questions we can‟t think up, ever, and therefore limits to the reach of human intellect, but that is another matter. Within our limits, we should be able to work our way through to all our answers if we keep at it long enough, and pay attention.做题点拨与全文翻译Part AText 1语境词汇1.poll n.民意调查；选举投票2.norm n.标准，规范3.revive v.使复苏；恢复精力4.daunting a.恐怖的5.enclosure n.圈地；附件6.deprive vt.剥夺，使丧失mute v.每天往返上班；定期往返于两地间n.上下班交通8.assume v.假定；设想9.switch vt.转换，转变n.开关难句突破1.Employment became widespread [when the enclosures (of the 17th and 18th centuries) made many people dependent on paid work [by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves]].【分析】复合句。
现代大学英语精读3unit12练习答案
现代大学英语精读3unit12练习答案Unit12 一．Into Chinese1.他那毫无表情的黑眼睛2.他那像啤酒桶一样的胸脯3.一幅办正经事情是有板有眼的样子4.一阵强烈的恐惧感5.崎岖的小路6.一系列复杂的圈圈7.猎狐的全部学问8.狐狸躲避猎人的全部伎俩9.布满茂密树林的山谷10.向四周铺开的树枝11.勉强凑合地12.一个狩猎狂13.世界死一般的寂静14.天空中的一抹暗灰15.树叶组成的屏障16.紧张的肌肉17.憋着的一口气18.异乎寻常的本领19.因恐怖引起的哆嗦20.传遍他的全身21.锐利的眼睛22.伸出的树干23.浓密的植被24.竭尽全力25.猛烈的攻击26.一种平静的消遣活动27.被雷电烧焦的一棵树28.轻轻的脚步声29.削尖了的桩子30.难以想象的一线机会31.一个男人消瘦的身影32.小树的反弹33.房子的阴沉灰色石墙34.一片绿色的水域35.一丝不快36.虽然累但心情十分舒畅的37.一只困兽Into English1.raise one’s eyebrows2.acknowledge one’s defeat3.sip one’s wine4.keep one’s nerve5.leave a trace6.take stock of the situation7.blunder into the swamp8.recover one’s confidence9.varnish the sky10.get down on one’s knees11.hold one’s breath12.smash the enemy13.dress the wound14.sink into the ooze15.tighten one’s belt16.strain one’s eyes17.hum a tune18.shrug one’s shoulder19.snap the gate shut20.strike off from main road21.get a grip on oneself22.concentra te one’s attention on23.postpone the visit24.live a year in a minute二1.kept her nerve/got a grip on herself after a fashion2.being spring futile3.Deliberately uncanny on guard at sake4.dodged at bay pressed on5.But for exceedingly6.scored dense7.stakes fine claimed8.leapt up place of concealment ran for his life9.give away claiming the lives of10.regarding it blundered into a trap三1. A peasant woman found him lying unconscious in the grass. Shecarried him home ,dress his wound after a fashion, and hid him in the attic.2.Had it not been for the shift of focus in our development policyfrom the coastal areas to the central and western regions, the lives of our national ethnic groups would not have improved so rapidly.3.The defense lawyer claimed that the photo was completely outof focus and thus could not be used as evidence.4.Visibility was exceedingly poor and no matter how I strained myeyes, I still couldn’t see so far ahead. I decided that if I wanted to save my neck, it would be foolish to blunder on.5.The mental strain was too much and she began to lose sleep andcould not focus her attention on anything. Finally she had to go to see the doctor who claimed to be some sort of expert. The stupid man declared that her life was at stake and that she needed an immediate brain operation.6.It was a close match.The final score was 98 to 96 in our favor.people were with joy because we had been defeated by their team so many times. For the first time we were able to settle all old score with them.7.Both sides claimed to have scored a point in this confrontation.Neither side wanted acknowledge defeat. But from the point of view of an outsider, actually neither side had score. In this conflict, there was no winner.8.The customer told the waitress that he would like to have someconcubines—he meant to say cucumbers, but his vocabulary was limit. The waitress seem to know what he meant, for she asked,“dressed or undressed”.四1.back neutralize2.fallen out leading away3.gave way down4.rolling/plunging at stake panic grip drive/press5.intend set6.rests indifferent frustrating7.stock bent straightened8.froze lived9.tumbled for10.rare replace11.winding ventured五1.deliciously tired2.open secret3.necessary evil4.eloquent silence5.glorious defeat6.sweet sorrow7.walking corpses8.studied carelessness9.Benevolent despotism10.conspicuous absence11.disagreeable smile12.democratic centralism13.biggest smallGrammar一1.So dedicated wasGalileo2.So real does the imitation diamond ring look3.So rapidly did her reputation rise4.So common are droughts in this area5.So rapidly is progress in information technology6.Only when they remain intellectually alive can7.Only once did he refer to the dictionary8.Only by shouting at the top of his voice was9.Only after I left did I10.Only a few minutes or so before the minister gave orders tocarry it out did二1.I wish I could do the same thing if I were under hiscircumstances.2.But for the heat from the sun, the earth would have been afrozen ball.3.Much to his parents’ surprise, the boy took the liquid medicineas if it were orange juice.4.If I were a young man, I would have gone on themountaineering expedition last month.5.But for the interruption of endless phone calls, he would havecompleted the report.6.The first-prize winner walked past us, with her head held high,as if she had never known us.7.The governing party’s reputation would be serious damaged ifthis were ever made public.8.Throughout the years, the nurse has always treated her youngpatients very carefully as if they were her own children.9.I would not know there exists such a quiet and picturesquevillage but for your article.10.Before dawn an earthquake struck and the entire cityseemed to shake as if in the grip of a giant fist.四年轻女子抬起了客座门扣，让搭车人上来，是一位拎包的老太太。
研究生英语阅读教程Unit12
2012-12-28
Artistic achievements
（1） 创造出一种被称为“抒情悲剧” （Tragedie lyrique）的法国歌剧形式。 （2） 在歌剧中采用了与意大利歌剧序曲相反的 “慢－快－慢”法国式序曲。 （3） 在歌剧中大量运用芭蕾，服装华丽。 （4）歌剧采用法语，以有伴奏的宣叙调代替意 大利式的干念宣叙调，使宣叙调具有歌唱性；歌 剧中大部分用宣叙调，很少用咏叹调。
11
2012-12-28
Point 1
Jean Baptiste Lully (1632-1687): French court and operatic composer who once controlled court music and whose style of writing was widely imitated throughout Europe. He was known to be shrewd and unscrupulous, a man of insatiable ambition; his rise from violinist in Louis XIV’s court band was meteoric and was accomplished by brazen and merciless intrigue.
2012-12-28
5
Chamber music
(1)室内乐(Chamber music)，原意是指在房 间内演奏的“家庭式”的音乐，后引伸为在比较 小的场所演奏的音乐。现在指由一件或几件乐器 演奏的小型器乐曲，主要指重奏曲和小型器乐合 奏曲，区别于大型管弦乐。
2012-12-28
研究生英语阅读Unit12课后答案
Unit 12Film and DramaLearning ObjectivesAt the end of the unit, students will be able to:1.Have a general knowledge about film and drama;2.know about the well-known figures in films such as Charlie Chaplin, Tomhanks, etc:3.talk about their favorite film genre;4.master the words and expressions concerning film and drama.Part I Warm-up ActivitiesA Directions: Below are three famous film stars and their works of art. Match the film stars and their films.1.Charlie Chaplin2. Vivien Leigh3. Tom HanksA.Forrest GumpB. Modern TimesC. Gone with the WindB Directions: The following are the posters of three famous plays. Read theintroductions and fill in the missing information with the words given in the chart.A B CFrench American British a dventure fantasy musical1. The Harry Potter film series is a British-American film series based on the Harry Potter novels by the British author J. K. Rowling. The series is distributed by Warner Bros. and consists of eight fantasy films beginning with Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone(2001) and culminating with Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 (2011). It is the highest-grossing film series of all-time in inflation unadjusted dollars, with $7.7 billion in worldwide receipts. Each film is in the list of fifty highest-grossing films of all-time in inflation unadjusted dollars and is a critical success.2. The Phantom of the Opera is a musical by Andrew Lloyd Webber, based on the French novel Le Fantôme de l'Opéra by Gaston Leroux. It is considered by many to be the most successful musical of all time and is also the longest running show in Broadway history.3. Ice Age is a 2002 American computer-animated comedy-drama adventure film created by Blue Sky Studios and released by 20th Century Fox. It was directed by Carlos Saldanha and Chris Wedge from a story by Michael J. Wilson. The film was nominated at the 75th Academy Awards for best animated feature. The film was met with mostly positive reviews and was a box office success, starting a series with three sequels, Ice Age: The Meltdown, Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs, and Ice Age: Continental Drift.Useful Words and Expressionsmotion picture 电影trailer 预告片visual effect 视觉效果film studio 电影制片厂dubbing 配音subtitles 字幕Broadway 百老汇props 道具medium 媒体protagonist 主角costumes 戏装antagonist 反面主角score 配乐tragic hero 悲剧英雄a reel of film 一卷胶片chorus 合唱团film adaptation 电影改编(a play) in three acts and five scenes 三幕五场（剧）scenario 剧本climax 戏剧高潮soundtrack 电影原声音乐musical 音乐剧box office 票房playwright 剧作家premier 电影首映式stuntman 特技演员blockbuster 商业大片stand-in 替身talent scout 星探sorcerer 巫师Part II Listening1. BFM International Film FestivalDirections:L isten to a dialogue between Yvonne and William and then answer the following questions.1) What does the BFM Festival stand for?I t’s the Black Film Makers’ International Film Festival.2) What is the meaning of “stereotype” according to William?It means a very strong, fixed idea about how people will behave.3) What is the purpose of the BFM Festival?It is to showcase the stories of groups and communities which otherwise would go unnoticed.4) How long is the shortest film ever made?One second.Tapescript:Yvonne: Hello, I’m Yvonne Archer - and thanks to William Kremer for joining me today.William: Hello – it's a pleasure!Yvonne: For fifty-two years, the Times BFI - British Film Institute’s London Film Festival has shown the best new films from around the world. And for thefirst time, the BFM International Film Festival has also been based at the BFI.William, do you know about the BFM Festival?William: Umm – I know that it's the Black Film Makers’ International Film Festival. Yvonne: That's right and to celebrate its tenth anniversary, the emphasis of the 2008 BFM has been on films made by Black people - who are based here inBritain. Well, I was lucky enough to get an invitation to the BFM ShortsAwards - but before we find out which short film won the award and aboutthe idea behind this festival –I've a question for you. Yes, are you readyWilliam?William: Yes.Yvonne: How long is the shortest film that was ever made? Was ita) one secondb) one minute ORc) five minutesWilliam: I’m gonna go for a) – one second because even though that sounds too short, sounds very silly, I think the silly answers are usually correct. That's mytactic so I'm gonna go for one second.Yvonne: And we’ll find out whether William was right or wrong later on. Now in today’s interview we’ll come across the word ‘stereotyped’. William, whatdoes it mean?William: Well if someone is ‘stereotyped’, other people who don't know them have a very strong, fixed idea about how they will behave. They’re ‘stereotyped’perhaps because of the country they come from, or (from) the colour of theirskin or their religion, for example.Yvonne: And what are ‘platforms for expression’?William: ‘Platforms for expression’ in this case, refers to ways and places that artistic people can use to share their work and messages. So for example, a cinemascreen or a novel are ‘platforms for expression’.Yvonne: Great! Now as we hear from Nadia Denton, the Director of the BFM International Film Festival, try to catch the verb she uses to mean ‘highlight’or ‘to draw attention to’. I asked Nadia: why is there a separate section forBlack film makers within the London Film Festival each year?NADIA DENTONBecause it’s important for us to showcase the stories of groups andcommunities which otherwise would go unnoticed, which don't get thecorrect representation in the mainstream, who perhaps are stereotyped, whoperhaps don't have many other platforms for expression.Yvonne: William, which verb did Nadia use to mean ‘to highlight’or ‘to draw attention to’?William: ‘To showcase’– Nadia explained that it's important ‘to showcase’ the stories of communities and groups which we don't usually see or hear.Yvonne: So the BFM Festival is a chance for people who are often stereotyped and not considered or noticed by mainstream cinema to have their work seen.Now at the BFM Shorts Awards, we saw five new films and voted for thebest one. And the winner was “Win, Lose or Draw”directed by LawrenceCoke. It was a wonderful blend of story-telling and interviews withCaribbean people who’d arrived in Britain from the 1950s, like my ownfather. And after the awards, Lawrence explained just how important makingthe film had been to him...LAWRENCE COKEThe whole thing was a very cathartic experience on one level because, Ialways say that the young people of today don't understand that they'restanding on the shoulders of giants.Yvonne: Making “Win, Lose or Draw” was very cathartic for Lawrence – it allowed him to express some really deep emotions. But it was cathartic for many ofus in the audience too – and educational.William: And hopefully lots of young people will see the film because Lawrence sees it as a way to help them understand that they and their parents are animportant part of Britain's history.Yvonne: Yes – and Lawrence describes our grandparents and parents as 'giants'. Their lives were really difficult but they still tried to help England and make thingseasy for us and their families back in the Caribbean.LAWRENCE COKEThey were children themselves and they came over to help the mothercountry because they felt it was the right thing to do –leaving childrenbehind, wives, and… I just…I'm in awe of that.William: Yes, they were an awesome- amazing group of young people.Yvonne: They certainly were. My father travelled to England – at the time, known by Caribbean people as 'the mother country' – and he came here at the age oftwenty-one. And like many others from the Caribbean, my father simplywanted to work hard and earn money. He wanted his parents to have whatthey needed and he especially wanted his younger brothers and sisters to goto school.William: So education was really important to them.Yvonne: Definitely because most of them left school and started work when they were fourteen years old. But now, it's time for you to educate us, William! William: Surely not!Yvonne: Yes! What was your answer to today's question: how long is the shortest film that was ever made?William: I went for the silly one which was one second.Yvonne: And you were correct to be silly because you were absolutely right!2. "The Back-Up Plan"A Directions：In this section you will hear a news report about the 2010 film TheBack-Up Plan. Listen and answer the following questions.1)What does a “back-up plan” mean for Zoe?It means to become a single mother with the help of modern science.2)Why did Jennifer Lopez say that “We used a lot of the stuff from real life”?Because she gave birth to twins a couple of years ago.3) According to the director Alan Poul, what was his challenge in making this movie? His challenge was to balance the expectations audiences have for this film genre.B Directions: Listen to the report again and decide whether the following descriptions are true for Zoe or Stan. Write Z for Zoe, S for Stan and N for Neither if the description describes neither of them.1) Z running a pet store 2) Z having an extended family3) S a dairy farmer 4) N scared by the coming parenthood5) N giving birth to twins 6) Z having insatiable hunger7) S strong and muscular 8) N a single parentTapescript:New Yorker Zoe is successful in business running her thriving pet store. She also has good friends and a loving extended family; but she has not had the best of luck in the romance department and, with her biological clock ticking away, she has decided the "right guy" may never show up. So "The Back-Up Plan" is to become a single mother with the help of modern science. Naturally, the very day she undergoes the in-vitro fertilization procedure, she meets the "right guy."His name is Stan and he, too, is a successful entrepreneur: a farmer who makes cheese that he sells at farmer's markets around New York. At about the same time she realizes she is pregnant with twins, Zoe also figures out that she's falling in love with Stan. Will he be scared away by the impending parenthood if she tells him? How long can she keep it a secret, anyway?Jennifer Lopez gave birth to twins a couple of years ago and drew on her own experiences to play Zoe."So many of the things in this movie were art imitating life for me," she said. "Because I had just gone through the pregnancy it was really fresh in my mind. We used a lot of the stuff from real life."That insight into the funnier side of pregnancy includes the sudden and insatiable hunger that, in the film, strikes Zoe when she spies a pot of stew bubbling on the stove in Stan's kitchen. With no utensils in sight, she resorts to scooping it up (and scarfing it down) directly from the pot with hunks of bread."You feel so hungry, it's crazy; and you feel so sleepy in a way that you never have before," Lopez said. "Because I had just gone through it, I knew how that was going to ring true for so many women."The pregnancy humor may be drawn from real life, but the romantic storyline is pure Hollywood. For instance, Stan is shirtless and ripples with muscles as he tends the goats on his dairy farm. As the love interest, Alex O'Loughlin joins a growing legion of hunky stars from Australia making it big on American screens."Look, I don't know mate … maybe it's something in the water back home; but I did get kind of fit for the film because every cheese farmer is ripped and buff … and I wanted to be true to character because I'm [a] 'method' [actor]," he said."The Back-Up Plan" marks the feature film directing debut of Alan Poul, an award -winning television producer and director on shows including "Six Feet Under," "Rome" and "Big Love." Poul says his challenge was to balance the expectations audiences have for this film genre."Because it is a romantic comedy and you know how it is going to end up, so on a certain level the story has to be predictable because you know they are going to end up together," he said. "So it is within that general framework of a romantic comedy that is going to end happily, we create the little moments that catch people by surprise."3. Drive-in Theaters in USAand answer the following questions.1) When did the first drive-in theater open in USA?On June 6, 1933.2) Why did the teenagers like drive-in theaters at that time?They adored the romantic privacy of a dark automobile3) What kept people home despite the attraction of drive-in theaters?The advent of color television and video rentals.Directions: Listen to the passage again and try to summarize the whole report in no more than 5 sentences.The first drive-in movie theater was opened On June 6, 1933 I new York. By 1950, there were 4,000 of these “movies under the stars” across the country. people could bring your cranky baby along without disrupting anyone and teenagers adored the romantic privacy of a dark automobile. The spread of daylight saving time cut into drive-in attendance. The advent of color television and video rentals kept people home as well. It brings people a nostalgic feeling.TapescriptNext Monday would mark a nostalgic anniversary. On June 6, 1933, the world’s first drive-in movie theater opened in Camden, New Jersey.By 1950, there were 4,000 of these “movies under the stars” across the country. Only a couple hundred survive.At the drive-in - or what some of us called “the drive-in picture show” to distinguish it from drive-in restaurants - instead of wedging yourself into a theater seat next to talkative strangers, crying babies and large people blocking your view, you watched a movie on a huge screen from the comfort of your car, side by side with dozens of other autos in a sprawling parking lot.You could bring your cranky baby along without disrupting anyone. Teenagers adored the romantic privacy of a dark automobile, to the point that some media referred to drive-ins as “passion pits.”The movies themselves mostly ranged from family fare to second-rate monster science-fiction, and action thrillers. The sound that squawked out of the little speaker that you attached to your car window was tinny at best.But the concession stand at the “Starlite” or “Hi-Way” or “Sunset” Drive-In did offer a full and fattening menu of fried food, popcorn and sodas. A lot of people smuggled in stronger drinks as well, and it wasn’t unheard of to sneak in a person or two in the trunk, to avoid paying for more tickets.The spread of daylight saving time cut into drive-in attendance, since dusk came late on balmy summer nights and the movie couldn’t start until 9 p.m. or later. The advent of color television and video rentals kept people home as well.When some drive-in owners sought to boost revenue by showing risquémovies, neighbors, parents and police drove them out of business. Other owners sold out to housing and shopping-center developers.Many U.S. cities have tried to recapture the nostalgic feeling of outdoor movies by showing films in parks and pedestrian malls. But patrons sit on blankets, not in their ’54 Chevys.And no one’s writing tunes like the Beach Boys’ "Drive-In" song, which goes, in part: Every time I have a date there's only one place to goThat's to the drive-inIt's such a groovy place to talk and maybe watch a show4. Award-Winning Film Explores Meaning of LifeA Directions: You will hear a report about an award-winning movie. While listeningto it for the first time, write down some key words in the notes column.B Directions: Listen to the report again and decide whether the following statementsare true or false.1) The filmmaker of The Tree of Life, the award-winning film at Cannes, is a formerprofessor of history. ( F ) 2) The father in the movie was proud and oppressive since he has not succeeded in theworld. ( T )3) Jack, the boy in the family, admires his father and loves him. ( F )4) The mother in the film, played by Jessica Chastain, embodies many virtues likegrace, kindness, and altruism. ( T ) 5) In searching the meaning of life, this movie is like all the other movies TerrenceMalick made before. ( F ) Tapescript:The Tree of Life is about the quest to find balance between one's spiritual self and human nature.Filmmaker Terrence Malick, a former professor of philosophy, presents this innate struggle through characters in a suburban American household of the 1950s. The father is proud and oppressive. He struggles inwardly because he has not succeeded in the world. Because of his feelings of inadequacy, he tries to mold his sons to his ideal.Jack is still a boy, but he carries the world on his shoulders. He admires his father but also resents him.For Terrence Malick, the struggle between father and son reflects both the cruelty and beauty of nature. In a twenty minute sequence, the director offers shots of the universe at work, an awesome struggle among natural forces.But there is also grace, kindness and altruism. The mother in the story, played by Jessica Chastain, embodies them.The boy grows up to be a successful, but also conflicted man played by Sean Penn. He struggles as he deals with the loss of his younger brother and the loss of innocence.Brad Pitt's performance is a tour de force. At the Cannes Film Festival, he spoke of the film's spiritual message."And then there is the bigger questions of the impermanence of life that I think we all go through," said Pitt. "I grew up being told that God's going to take care of everything and it doesn't always work out that way, and when it doesn't work out that way then we're told it's God's will. "Religion aside, the film is a treatise on the meaning of life. Its extraordinary visuals, minimal dialogue and meditative music have a subliminal impact on the viewer and allow the audience to search and come to its own conclusion.Some critics have spoken against the film's drawn-out sequences on the evolution of the universe. But Tree of Life won the Palme D'Or at Cannes for good reason. It offers daring cinematography and an excellent cast. And although it carries Terrence Malick's signature, it's unlike anything we've seen before.Part III WatchingDirection: The extract is taken from the 1997 movie Titanic. Watch the video clip and answer the questions.1) Why did Mr. Andrews refuse to make a try to leave the sinking Titanic?Because he felt sorry for he didn’t build a stronger ship.2) Why did Mr. Guggenheim refuse to take the life jacket?Because he was determined to go down as gentlemen clothed in full dress.3) What can you say about the orchestra who played music while others passengers struggled for their lives?The orchestra members played music, intending to calm the passengers, for as long as they possibly could until all went down with the ship. They should be memorized for their heroism.Videoscript—Wait, wait, wait. Mr. Andrews...—Rose.—Won't you even make a try for it?—I’m sorry that l didn't build you a stronger ship, young Rose.—Lt’s going fast. We have to move.—Wait. Good luck to you, Rose.—And to you.—Mr. Guggenheim...These are for you, Mr. Guggenheim.—No, thank you. We are dressed in our best and are prepared to go down as gentlemen. But we would like a brandy.—Capitan. Capitan, where should l go? Please...—(Crewman) Captain!—Captain... Sir.(Orchestra still playing)—Right... That's it, then.—Goodbye, Wally. Good luck.—So long, old chap.(Starts playing “Nearer My God to Thee”)—And so they lived happily together for 300 years in the land of Tir Na Nog. Land of eternal youth and beauty.—There's no t ime! Cut those falls! Cut ’em! Cut ’em if you have to!—I need a knife! I need a knife!—Cut her loose!—Cut those bloody falls!—Gentlemen, it has been a privilege playing with you tonight.Part IV Oral PracticePair workDirections: What kind of movie would you expect to watch in your spare time? What do you want to get from watching such a movie? Work with your partner to talk about your favorite type of movie and offer some examples to illustrate your point. You may follow the dialogue given below or you may just make your own dialogue.Film GenresAction adventure comedy crime historical documentary horror thriller musical sci-fiWar western romance disaster sportsA: Did you watch Saw last night? It was just awesome! I couldn’t help walking into the cinema when I first saw its poster.B: You mean you like that trash? I hate thrillers. They make my hair stand on end all the time. I like romantic movies, especially those with beautiful girls and handsome boys.A: Romances are just silly. I can’t stand those stock love stories…Enrichment readingHollywoodIf a single place-name encapsulates theLA dream of glamour, money andovernight success, it's Hollywood.Millions of tourists arrive on pilgrimages;millions more flock here in pursuit ofriches and glory. Hollywood is a weirdcombination of insatiable optimism andtotal despair. It really does blur the edgesof fact and fiction, simply because somuch seems possible - and yet so little, for most people, actually is. Those who do strike it rich here get out as soon as they can, just as they always have; the big film companies, too, long ago relocated well away, leaving Hollywood in isolation, with prostitution, drug dealing and seedy bookstores as the reality behind the fantasy.The myths, magic, fable and fantasy splattered throughout the few short blocks of Central Hollywood would put a medieval fairytale to shame. A rich sense of nostalgia pervades the area, giving it an appeal no measure of tourists or souvenir postcard stands can diminish. Although you're much more likely to find a porno theater than spot a real star, the decline which blighted Hollywood from the early 1960s is fast receding. Nevertheless the place still gets hairy after dark, withadolescents cruising Hollywood Boulevard in customized cars and occasional petty criminals on the prowl for the odd pocketbook.The natural place to begin exploring Hollywood Boulevard is the junction of Hollywood and Vine - the classic location for budding stars to be “spotted” by big-shot directors and whisked off to fame and fortune. At 6608 Hollywood Blvd., the purple and pink Frederick's of Hollywood has been (under-) clothing Hollywood's sex goddesses since 1947, as well as mortal bodies all over the world via mail order. Inside, the lingerie museum (free) displays some of the company's best corsets, bras and panties, donated by happy big-name wearers ranging from Lana Turner to Cher.A little further on, the Egyptian Theater at No. 6708 was financed by impresario Sid Grauman, in a modest attempt to re-create the Temple of Thebes. The very first Hollywood premiere (Robin Hood) took place here in 1922. Now owned by the city, Grauman's Thebes is currently closed for renovations as part of a three-year plan to restore the fake mummies and hieroglyphics of this temple of cinema to their former glory and remake the theater into a center for film study. No Hollywood visitor will want to miss the mundane yet magical foot and hand prints in the concrete concourse of the 1927 Chinese Theatre at 6925 Hollywood Blvd. Actress Norma Talmadge (supposedly by accident) trod in wet cement while visiting the construction site, and the practice has continued ever since, starting with Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks Sr., at the opening of King of Kings, and recently involving stars such as Al Pacino. Through the halcyon decades, this was the spot for movie first-nights. As for the building, it's an odd western version of a classical Chinese temple, replete with dodgy Chinese motifs and upturned dragon tail flanks.The Roosevelt Hotel opposite was movieland's first luxury hotel, its Cinegrill restaurant hosting the likes of W. C. Fields and F. Scott Fitzgerald, not to mention hangers-on like Ronald Reagan. In 1929 the first Oscars were presented here, beginning the long tradition of Hollywood rewarding itself in the absence of honors from elsewhere.。
现代大学英语精读2Unit12课后翻译句子答案
Unit121.When dealing with tough situations, try always to look at things from the bright side. Never despair.2.What do you suppose we should do to arouse everybody’s interest in sports?3.He was made chairman of the Academy of Social Science upon his return from England.4.Young people usually favor changes whereas old people favor more respect for tradition.5.The comedy was a terrific hit. Time after time, the audience roared with laughter.6.Like others, he likes to indulge in good food,good drinks, and pretty women. But he tries to justify himself by saying that all this is necessary for him to do this job.7.The earthquake has destroyed the whole town. Not a single building remains standing. Many people are in despair. Many are in favor of abandoning the town. But he refuses to give in. He is determined to meet the challenges.8.People often say “Great minds think alike”. I don’t think it always applies in real life. In fact, great minds often think differently, and only small minds think alike.9.We can apply to the state bank for a loan, but how are we going to justify our application?10.People roared with laughter. On occasions like this, usually you would feel insulted and boil with indignation. But he did not lose his tempter. This shows his moral character.。
第二版 现代大学英语精读2 UNIT12 答案
• 6,Like others, he likes to indulge in good food, good drinks, and pretty women. But he tries to justify himself by saying that all this is necessary for him to do his job. • 7, The earthquake has destroyed the whole town. Not a single building remains standing. Many people are in despair. Many are in favor of abandoning the town. But he refuses to give in. he is determined to meet the challenges. • 8,People often say “great minds think alike”. I don’t think it always applies in real life. In fact, great minds often think differently, and only small minds think alike.
• 4. • 1, handling, wound their pride • 2,arouse my resentment, make me strive to justify myself • 3,indulged in criticism, blundered tragically • 4,made a detailed and exhaustive study, drove Wang Guowei to suicide • 5,it’s water under the bridge • 6,give up, even from a selfish standpoint, refused point-blank • 7,inspect, suspect
TPO-12 Reading 1 解析
正确答案：C解析：assist in帮助，所以C的help with是正确答案。
原句说尽管paint通常是靠嘴来spray的，但dominant hand起到了帮忙作用，所以C正确。
Q2正确答案：B解析：根据paint was sprayed by mouth和hand stencil这些信息定位原文段落的最后三句，stencil 的意思就是把手放在桌上，然后用笔去描手的轮廓的动作，upward那句的意思是，你想像你在描你的左手的时候，如果你是掌心向上，这样描出轮廓就好像是右手掌心向下一樣。
Of 158 stencils in the French cave of Gargas, 136 have been identified as left, and only 22 as right；left hand stenciled= righthanded= right hand dominance =left hand weak，所以对应选项B.Q3正确答案：C解析：depict“描述”，所以C的pictured正确，picture作动词与原来名词的意思相关，是“描述”。
Q4正确答案：C解析：句子简化题。
高亮句的句子主干是most engravings are best lit from the left as befits the work of right-handed artists. 然后非限制性定语从句解释了是什么样的artists，是通常喜欢让光线在左方，目的是不会让自己创作时候手的影子遮挡创作。
Q5正确答案：B解析：EXCEPT题，排除法，A的engraving做关键词定位至第二段第二句，正确，不选；B对应第一段第三句，但这个不是right-handedness的原因，所以这个选项不正确，选；C的prevalence和left hand定位至第一段最后一句，正确，不选；D的定位至第二段最后一句，正确，不选。
专业学位硕士研究生英语教程Unit-12词汇及课后答案
专业学位硕⼠研究⽣英语教程Unit-12词汇及课后答案unit 12EducationWord Bankannual: happening every year; yearly每年⼀次的butt: to strike or push against sth. or sb. with head or horns(以头或计⾓)顶，撞cannabis: the drug produced from a particular type of hemp plant⼤⿇constant: fixed or unchanging持续的，恒久不变的converse: to talk; to communicate谈话disrupt: to bring or throw into disorder扰乱，使混乱equation: a statement that two quantifiers are equal等式exhausted: very tired筋疲⼒尽exhort: to urge or advise strongly激励，规劝pacifier: a person who makes another calm抚慰着potential: possibility for developing潜⼒，潜能proportion: the compared relation between two things in regard to size, amount, importance, etc.⽐例sentiment: thought or judgment caused or influenced by feeling情绪，思想感情sibling: a brother or sister兄弟或姐妹standstill: a condition of no movement or activity; stop静⽌状态，停⽌suppress: to control; to keep from happening压迫，压抑vacuum: a space that is completely empty of all gas真空verbal: of language语⾔的vulnerable: weak; easy to be broken易碎的，脆弱的Phrases and Expressionsaccuse...of: to charge with doing wrong or breaking the law指控，控告be immersed in: to enter deeply into an activity沉浸于be stuck in: to start an activity eagerly or forcefully陷于，埋头于be unused to: to be not used to sth. or doing something不习惯hit out: to express strong disapproval of猛烈抨击lead astray: to lead away from the right path引⼊歧途make it: to succeed能成功，能办到Reading ComprehensionChoose the best for each of the following.1. According to the second and third paragraphs, which one of the following statement is true in describing the situation of children in Britain? ( D )A. Britain was the last on the league table of child happiness.B. Britain was after the United States on the league table.C. Britain did well in terms of material well-being of child happiness.D. Britain finished in the bottom third on the table in most category.2. The two examples in Paragraphs 5 and 6 are simply to show __D___.A. students' bad behaviors at schoolB. students' wrong-doings at schoolC. such happenings are becoming more and more commonD. whose responsibilities it is for such behavior3. In Para. 12, "developmentally delayed" may refer to the fact that children __D___.A. are unable to ask questions at classB. are unable to take turns in conversationC. are unable to tell jokesD. are unable to behave properly4. Which of the following is most neglected by parents? ( B )A. Care for children.B. Time spent with children.C. Monitor over their children.D. Their children's school work.5. According to the passage, the responsibility lies on __D___.A. parentsB. teachersC. schools and teachersD. schools and parentsII. Complete the following summary of the text by filling in the blanks with words. The initial letter of each word has been given to you.If a young girl student is (1) pregnant, if a young boy student gives a teacher a 2) butt in the stomach, who is to blame, the young girl, the young boy or the teacher? Happenings like the above-mentioned are not unusual today on campus.No one will deny that children (3) matter, both to the family and to the society as a whole. But how to cultivate them and who to take responsibility for their cultivation are issues worth considering. Traditionally, it is believed that schools and teachers are (4) held responsible for children's education once they come to school, and parents (5) neglect the responsibility on their side.Is it fair to teachers? Don't parents have a (6) role to play? What about students going to school without basic social and verbal skills necessary for (7) schooling? IT is clear that such responsibilities ought to lie with parents. Parents need to make some preparation for their children to go to school. What is more, parents are alsoresponsible for their children's bad behaviors at school because such behaviors might be (8) mirrored by children from their parents.Schools are not in a (9) vacuum. Children's success at school requires (10) cooperation from teachers, parents and the whole society.I. Choose the answer that best completes each sentence.1. The police ___B__ the fight and the crowd left.A. broke outB. broke upC. broke intoD. broke through2. The film can be enjoyed by anyone, ___D__ age.A. notwithstandingB. except forC. beyondD. irrespective of3. We ___A__ her responsible for the failure.A. heldB. tookC. claimedD. declared4. Your arguments are __B___ to criticism.A. fragileB. vulnerableC. weakD. friable5. My experience of working in this area closely ___D__ your own.A. reflectsB. likesC. imitatesD. mirrors6. The report ___B__ the government of shirking its responsibilities.A. chargedB. accusedC. informedD. impeached7. It is hard to __A___ to the top in show business.A. make itB. make upD. make over8. The discussions with the miners' union ended in a __C___. .A. stagnationB. standstillC. stalemateD. pause9. About a quarter of his wages are spent on rent and that is a large ___D__. .A. ratioB. percentageC. rateD. proportion10. The general ___A__ his men to fight bravely.A. exhortedB. advisedC. suggestedD. requestedII Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary. top disrupt matter distress astrayhit out scenario annual stuck immers suppress pacify abuse proportion monito1. The strike and protest caused serious disruption for several weeks.2. It doesn't matter who will be elected president.3. He was deeply immersed in reading and skipped his meal.4. The parents thought the other boys might lead him astray.5. Their salaries are out of all proportion to their ability.6. The boy cried and cried, and could not be pacified.7. In the radio address, the president hit out at the increasing terrorism.8. She got the key stuck in the lock.9. Let me suggest a possible scenario.10. He was too distressed to answer the question.TranslationPut the following paragraph into English.在孩⼦的教育中，⽼师⽆法替代家长。
考研英语阅读理解精读及解析-UNIT 12
UNIT TWELVETEXT ONEThe idea that mobile phones bring economic benefits is now widely accepted. In places with bad roads, few trains and parlous land lines, they substitute for travel, allow price data to be distributed more quickly and easily, enable traders to reach wider markets and generally ease the business of doing business. Leonard Waverman of the London Business School has estimated that an extra ten mobile phones per 100 people in a typical developing country leads to an extra half a percentage point of growth in GDP per person. To realise the economic benefits of mobile phones, governments in such countries need to do away with state monopolies, issue new licences to allow rival operators to enter the market and slash taxes on handsets. With few exceptions (hallo, Ethiopia), they have done so, and mobile phones are now spreading fast, even in the poorest parts of the world.As mobile phones have spread, a new economic benefit is coming into view: using them for banking, and so improving access to financial services, not just telecoms networks. Pioneering m-banking projects in the Philippines, Kenya and South Africa show the way. These “branchless” schemes typically allow customers to deposit and withdraw cash through a mobile operator's airtime-resale agents, and send money to other people via text messages that can be exchanged for cash by visiting an agent. Workers can then be paid by phone; taxi-drivers and delivery-drivers can accept payments without carrying cash around; money can be easily sent to friends and family.A popular use is to deposit money before making a long journey and then withdraw it at the other end, which is safer than carrying lots of cash.There is no need to set up a national network of branches or cash machines.M-banking schemes can be combined with microfinance loans, extending access to credit and enabling users to establish a credit history. Some schemes issue customers with debit cards linked to their m-banking accounts. All this has the potential to give the “unbanked” masses access to financial services, and bring them into the formal economy.What can governments do to foster m-banking? As with the spread of mobile phones themselves, a lot depends on putting the right regulations in place. They need to be tight enough to protect users and discourage money laundering, but open enough to allow new services to emerge. The existing banking model is both over- andunder-protective, says Tim Lyman of the World Bank, because “it did not foresee the convergence of telecommu nications and financial services.”In many countries only licensed banks are allowed to collect deposits. Even if a mobile operator forms a partnership with a bank, its agents may have to comply with banking rules covering everything from the height of the counter to the installation of alarms. Financial institutions may have to provide detailed statements to the central bank every week, which is tricky for organisations with agents in remote areas. Some countries have rigid rules on the documents demanded of anybody opening an account, which excludes many.1. The following are advantages of economic services through mobile phones except that_____[A] price data can be distributed quicky and easily.[B] traders can extend their market.[C] doing business is more convenient.[D] the growth of GDP per person can be greatly promoted.2.Which one of the following statements is TURE of the m-banking schemes?[A] They can prevent safer services than the traditional banking.[B] They could provide the customers with credit services[C] They have been experimented in some developing countrie.[D] They could encourage people to use fiancial services3. The word “convergence” (Line 5, Paragraph 4) most probably means_____ [A] conversation.[B] combination.[C] similarity.[D] exchange.4.Towards m-banking, the governments’ attitudes can be said to be_____[A] supportive.[B] opposing.[C] indifferent.[D] unclear.5. The best title of this passage canbe_____[A] Economic Benefits Brought by Mobile Phone.[B] M-banking—Marriage of Mobile Phone and Banking.[C] Mobile Phone Used for Banking.[D] The Pioneering M-banking Schemes.文章剖析：这篇文章介绍了移动电话的新型银行业务。
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UNIT TWELVETEXT ONEThe idea that mobile phones bring economic benefits is now widely accepted. In places with bad roads, few trains and parlous land lines, they substitute for travel, allow price data to be distributed more quickly and easily, enable traders to reach wider markets and generally ease the business of doing business. Leonard Waverman of the London Business School has estimated that an extra ten mobile phones per 100 people in a typical developing country leads to an extra half a percentage point of growth in GDP per person. To realise the economic benefits of mobile phones, governments in such countries need to do away with state monopolies, issue new licences to allow rival operators to enter the market and slash taxes on handsets. With few exceptions (hallo, Ethiopia), they have done so, and mobile phones are now spreading fast, even in the poorest parts of the world.As mobile phones have spread, a new economic benefit is coming into view: using them for banking, and so improving access to financial services, not just telecoms networks. Pioneering m-banking projects in the Philippines, Kenya and South Africa show the way. These “branchless” schemes typically allow customers to deposit and withdraw cash through a mobile operator's airtime-resale agents, and send money to other people via text messages that can be exchanged for cash by visiting an agent. Workers can then be paid by phone; taxi-drivers and delivery-drivers can accept payments without carrying cash around; money can be easily sent to friends and family.A popular use is to deposit money before making a long journey and then withdraw it at the other end, which is safer than carrying lots of cash.There is no need to set up a national network of branches or cash machines.M-banking schemes can be combined with microfinance loans, extending access to credit and enabling users to establish a credit history. Some schemes issue customers with debit cards linked to their m-banking accounts. All this has the potential to give the “unbanked” masses access to financial services, and bring them into the formal economy.What can governments do to foster m-banking? As with the spread of mobile phones themselves, a lot depends on putting the right regulations in place. They need to be tight enough to protect users and discourage money laundering, but open enough to allow new services to emerge. The existing banking model is both over- andunder-protective, says Tim Lyman of the World Bank, because “it did not foresee the convergence of telecommun ications and financial services.”In many countries only licensed banks are allowed to collect deposits. Even if a mobile operator forms a partnership with a bank, its agents may have to comply with banking rules covering everything from the height of the counter to the installation of alarms. Financial institutions may have to provide detailed statements to the central bank every week, which is tricky for organisations with agents in remote areas. Some countries have rigid rules on the documents demanded of anybody opening an account, which excludes many.1. The following are advantages of economic services through mobile phones except that_____[A] price data can be distributed quicky and easily.[B] traders can extend their market.[C] doing business is more convenient.[D] the growth of GDP per person can be greatly promoted.2.Which one of the following statements is TURE of the m-banking schemes?[A] They can prevent safer services than the traditional banking.[B] They could provide the customers with credit services[C] They have been experimented in some developing countrie.[D] They could encourage people to use fiancial services3. The word “convergence” (Line 5, Paragraph 4) most probably means_____ [A] conversation.[B] combination.[C] similarity.[D] exchange.4.Towards m-banking, the governments’ attitudes can be said to be_____[A] supportive.[B] opposing.[C] indifferent.[D] unclear.5. The best title of this passage canbe_____[A] Economic Benefits Brought by Mobile Phone.[B] M-banking—Marriage of Mobile Phone and Banking.[C] Mobile Phone Used for Banking.[D] The Pioneering M-banking Schemes.文章剖析：这篇文章介绍了移动电话的新型银行业务。
第一段讲述移动电话带来的经济利益；第二、三段讲述利用移动电话的一种新的银行业务；第四、五段讲述目前的银行法令法规对这种移动银行新业务的限制。
词汇注释:parlous n. 危险的debit n. 借方convergence n. 汇聚，会合难句突破：（1）These “branchless” schemes typically allow customers to deposit and withdraw cash through a mobile operator's airtime-resale agents, and send money to other people via text messages that can be exchanged for cash by visiting an agent. [主体句式]These schemes allow customers to…, and send money to…[结构分析] 这是一个复合句，谓语是并列的两个动词结构，后面的结构中that 引导的定语从句用来修饰前面的text messages。